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CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES ITHACA, N. Y. 14853
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John M. Echols Collection on Southeast Asia JOHN M. OLIN LIBRARY
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http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924010059867
Flora of Koh Chang.
Contributions to the knowledge of the vegetation in the Gulf of Siam.
By Johs. Schmidt.
Part I.
(Johs. Schmidt: Introductory. — F. Krinzlin: Orchidaceae, Apostasiaceae.)
With Map (plate I).
Introductory by Johs. Schmidt.
With the present contribution 1 am beginning the publication of a systematic list containing the plants collected by me during the stay of the Danish Expedition in Siam (1899—1900).
These contributions will be published gradually as the material will be examined and named by various specialists, who have kindly undertaken to work up my collections‘).
The collections have all been made in the island Koh Chang (see Map) and adjacent smaller islands, thus originating in a small, fairly accessible area, of which the natural bounds are given by its position in the sea. On account of this and as catalogues of the plants growing in a certain locality have not hitherto been published from anywhere in Siam, as far as I am aware, I
1) The authors in question are alone responsible for the content of their papers with the exception of the words that I have to insert about the occurrence of the plants in their natural localities.
Botanisk Tidsskrift. 24de Bind. 1
~- 9
hope this list will be of some interest, although it cannot claim to be complete as it is only the results of my collections during my stay in the island in three winter-months.
These contributions to which the present is an introduction only will deal with the systematic relations of the concerning plants and their geographic distribution. As I intend to publish later on a more detailed description of the vegetation of Koh Chang from a biological and ecological point of view where particulars will be given about the general climatic and geographic facts, I here confine myself to the most necessary informations.
The expenses of the Expedition were paid by the Danish Government and the ,Carlsbergfondet* and we undertook our voyage under the auspices and with the sanction of the Bota- nical and Zoological Museums of the University of Copenhagen both of which contributed to our outfit and supplied the funds on which we travelled.
On October 1% 1899 we started from Copenhagen onboard the Danish steamer ,Siam* bound for China. During the sea- voyages out- and homeward the time was occupied by collecting and studying the zoo- and phytoplankton of the seas, we passed through. After a short stay in Singapore, Bangkok was reached in the middle of December. About a week later we left that city onboard H.S.M. ,Chamroen* for our destination, the inner part of the east-coast of the Gulf of Siam. By the kindness of the Royal Siamese Government and our excellent coun- tryman Admiral A. de Richelieu some very valuable support was granted us from the Siamese Navy. Thus we got residence on the Naval Stations at Lem Dan (Koh Chang) and Lem Ngob (Siamese mainland), and also men to assist us during our dredgings or inland trips. Until the end of March [ lived at Lem Dan and spent the time collecting plants and studying the flora of Koh Chang, for which purpose I undertook numerous excursions by land to the hills or visited by boat the different. coasts of the island.
= 3 =
At the end of March we left Siam in the Danish steamer ,Cathay* for Copenhagen, where we arrived on June 1 1900. Our collections have all been placed in the Botanical and Zoo- logical Museums of the University of Copenhagen.
The island Koh Chang (Elephant Island) is situated in the northeasterly part of the Gulf of Siam about 80 miles from the boundary between Siam and Cambodia'). A strait, 2%/2— 10 miles broad, separates the island from the Siamese mainland. The area of Koh Chang is about 70 square miles and it is the lar- gest Siamese island in the Bay. Consequent to its position in 12° lat. N. the climate of Koh Chang is entirely tropical, the year being divided in a rainy and a dry season, the former during the blowing of the damp south-west monsoon (generally from May to August) the latter in the other months where the dry north-easterly winds are prevalent. The heat is most ex- treme in spring, in March, April and May hefore the south- west monsoon sets in and after the cessation of the north-east. The coolest season is the autumn- and winter-months. At Bangkok?) the annual average temperature is 26,7° C. (80,1° F.), Decembers 24° C. (75,2° F.) and Aprils 28,5" C. (83,3° F.). The annual rainfall amounts to 1670™™ (65,7 inches) of which about */s during the months from May to October.
The times of tides in the Gulf of Siam are very irregular and the rise also varies along the shores from 4 to 9 feet. In the Inner Gulf the principal of the two tides occurs in the south- west monsoon at night, but in the north-east this gradually alters and the high tide will be found in the daytime.
Koh Chang is a mountainous island and ranges of peaks separated by valleys occupy its whole area especially running in the direction from NW to SE and growing in height and impor- tance as they go south. The highest point is found in the southern
1) The more exact position is given by the following indications: Novthern- most point in 22°10’ lat. N., southernmost in 11°57’ lat. N., westmost in 102° 14’ long. E., eastmost in 102° 25’ long. E.
2) Bangkok (13° 88" lat.N., 100° 34 long. E.) is the nearest place, from where some meteorological facts are present. During my stay in Koh Chang I made some measurements of temperatures and the degree of moisture, which later will be published.
1*
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part of the island (Table Peak), north of Klong Sarlakpet, and rises nearly to 2450 feet.
The hills of Koh Chang consist of a rather small-grained eruptive rock, most commonly light-brown or red in colour, more seldom greenish.
A narrow strip of plain surrounds the hills of Koh Chang; its soil is a very compact, reddish clay the presence of which is due to the denudation of the hills.
Whereas no lakes or ponds of any importance are found in Koh Chang, a great number of small rivers and rivulets in- tersect the island taking their rise from the hills in the interior. Their water usually streams very quickly and they are often broken by waterfalls. Most commonly these waterfalls are small; some more important ones are found near the east-coast in Klong Munsé and a little more southward in Klong Majuim, near the west-coast in Klong Prao. In the dry season the rivers contain but little water; but during the south-west monsoon they swell and fill up their stony beds. When the rivers have reached the plains near the coast, their course becomes more quiet, their breadth increases and some of them are navigable for small crafts for some distance from the sea (Klong Prao, Klong Sarlakpet, the latter debouching in the great bay at the south-end of the island).
Especially in the more exposed west-coast of Koh Chang the steep rocks go right down to the sea, but in most other places the shores are low and flat, their soil consisting of coral-sand‘) or stony gravel. Where rivers debouch and assume the propor- tions of more important estuaries, the ground is covered with a black mud and occupied by a luxuriant mangrove-vegetation.
The hills of Koh Chang are all covered with the densest jungle from the feet to their highest top. As the vegetation on the whole, this jungle has been but little influenced by the scarce Siamese and Chinese population scattered along the coasts, where klongs debouch.
Villages of some importance are situated at the mouths of Klong Munsé (east-coast) and Klong Sarlakpet (south-end); besides which some few people live at Klong Son (north-end), Klong Prao (west-coast), do Savan (south-end) and a few other places.
') The sand here is often much more large-grained than on our northern shores consisting of big coral-fragments. In some places however common quartzy small-grained sand can be found.
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In the rains a little rice is cultivated in the plains; further some few vegetables, pine-apples, bananas, mangos and other fruittrees; and here and there one finds a small pepper plantation, but on the whole the cultivated area of Koh Chang is quite minimal.
{ am indebted to Admiral de Richelieu for kind information about the geographic Siamese names within the explored area.
Notice. In Map and following lists of localities a few Siamese words are often used: Koh: island, Klong: river, canal, creek, Lem: headland, Ao: bay, Noi: little, small, Jai: great, large.
Orchidaceae and Apostasiaceae by F. Kranzlin — Gross Lichterfelde.
Orchidaceae.
Oberonia Lindl.
1. O.iridifolia Lindl. G. & Sp. Orch. & Fol. Orch. Oberonia I. 1. var. brevifolia Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. V. 675. The specimens bear ripe capsules without any trace of flowers, but the whole habit agrees exactly with 0. iridifolia Lindl. Klong Munsé and Koh Kahdat, epiphytic near the sea. Area: From the Northern Himalaya to the Tavoy-district and Moulmein.
Liparis L. CG. Rich.
2. W.. disticha Lind]. in Bot. Reg. sub. t. 882. LZ. gregaria Lindl. G. & Sp. Orch. 33; Malaxis disticha Thouars Orch. Il. Afr. t. 89; Malaxis mueronata Bl. Bijdr. 391.
Klong Majum 700 ft. above the sea, epiphytic in the jungle.
Area: Widely distributed from the Mascarene Islds. to Ceylon-and farther to Malacca, Malay- and Sunda Islds.
Dendrobium Sw.
3. D. anceps Sw. in Act. Holm. 1800. 246. Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. V. 724. Aporum anceps Lind). G. & Sp. Orch. 71.
Without flowers, leaves and flower-buds showing the characteristic forms of D. anceps Sw.
Klong Munsé, epiphytic in the jungle.
Area: From Sikkim to the Sunda Islds.
4. 2). Serra Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Il, 3. Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. V.722. <Aporum Serra Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 2021 & G. & Sp. Orch. 71. D. aloefolium Rehb. f.
Without flowers. The stem and leaves are quite different from those
of the last number. I am not quite sure if it may be D. Serra Lindl. certainly it is not identical with D. anceps Sw.
s Klong Munsé, epiphytic in the jungle.
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5. DP. dixanthum Rehb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1865. 674. Hook. f. FI. Brit. Ind. V. 746.
I have seen no stem and leaves, but the flowers are almost identical with the flowers of the plant Bot. Mag. t. 5564.
Klong Son, epiphytic in the jungle.
Area: Moulmein, Tenasserim.
6. D. Palpebrae Lindl. in Journ. Hort. Soc. V. 33; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. V. 750.
Klong Munsé, epiphytic in the jungle. Flowers white, labellum yellow. Area: From Sikkim to Burma.
7. WD). suavissimum Rehb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1874, 406 & Xen. Orch. I, 2, t.202. D. chrysotoxum Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1847 and t. 19 & 36; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. V. 750.
The splendid specimens | had at hand agree in every respect with Reichenbachs plate.
Klong Sarlakpet, epiphytic in the jungle.
Area: Arracan and Burma.
8. D. Schmidtianum Krzl. n. sp. (Virgatae).
Caulibus approximatis curvulis ad 20 cm. altis e basi tenui in quarta parte inferiore fusiformibus supra attenuatis foliosisque, quo crassissimi 8—10 mm. diam., foliis oblongis lanceolatisve acutis basi laxe vaginantibus lamina $—10 cm. longa, 1—1,5 em. lata, scapo gracili subflexuoso, floribus succedaneis sat magnis e bracteis glo- meratis griseis scariosis orientibus quam ovarium tenue. 1,5 m. lon- gum multo brevioribus. Sepalo dorsali petalisque lanceolatis acutis, sepalis lateralibus antice oblongis postice in pseudocalcar aequilon- gum omnino apertum rectum conicum v. extintoriiforme elongatis, labello e basi angusta dilatato cuneato antice retuso margine leviter crenulato (si mavis lobis lateralibus obtriangulis antice crenulatis), lobo intermedio minuto angusto triangulo acuminato, disco omnino nudo; gynostemio brevissimo. — Flores pulchri nivei, sicci diaphani, a sepalorum apicibus ad illum pseudocalcaris 3,2—3,5 cm. longi, la- bellum 2,5 cm. longum inter lobos laterales expansum 1,3 cm. latum.
In beauty and size the flowers of this plant are much like those of D. erumenatum Sw. but they differ by the lip, the middle-lobe of which is reduced to a very small triangle. In size and foliage the plant agrees very well with a big specimen of D. podagraria Hook. f. (D. angulatum Wall.) a plant widely spread over all the Indo-Malayan islands.
Lem Dan and Koh Kahdat, epiphytic, near the sea.
D. sp. There is another species of aporoid Dendrobiums without flowers col- lected in the jungle and labelled N. 467 that] am quite unable to determine.
i APS
Bolbophyllum Thouars.
9. B. tridentatum Krzl. n. sp.
Rhizomate longe prorepente 2 mm. crasso, bulbis 5—8 cm. inter se distantibus obtuse tetragonis conicis 1,;—2 cm. altis basi fere 1,5 cm. crassis moncphyllis, foliis oblongis lanceolatisve ad 8 cm. longis 1—2 cm. latis acutis coriaceis apice vix v. non biapiculatis, scapis nutantibus quam folia bene brevioribus basi vaginatis ceterum nudis, racemis subcapitatis pauci-— plurifloris nutantibus, bracteis parvis oblongis acutis quam flores bene brevioribus 2—3 mm. longis. Sepalo dorsali oblongo obtuso concavo, sepalis lateralibus ovati- oblongis plus duplo longioribus basi connatis subobliquis acuminatis apice ipso obtusis, petalis minutis subquadratis v. brevissime ovatis supra triapiculatis v. tridentatis, apiculis brevibus subulatis, mediano vix longiore, labelli lobis lateralibus falcatis acutis pellucidis incurvis, labello ipso crasso carnoso ovato medio sulcato supra et infra dense papilloso ; gynostemii dentibus lateralibus latiusculis denticulo 1 late- rali instructis integrisve. — Flores rufinuli, sepala lateralia 6 mm. longa, dorsale 3 mm., labellum 1,5-—-2 mm. longum.
The plant belongs to the group of mostly very indifferent looking species which are more or less similar to B. neilgherrense Wight and B. Careyanum Spreng. All have long creeping rhizomes, rather distant monophyllous bulbs, nodding more or less capitate spikes and most of them or all reddish flowers. The chief-character of this species consists in the three-pointed petals, a peculiarity not observed in any other species of the group. The lip in its shape does not differ very much from that of the allied species, but here the side-lobes are reduced to a thin transparent border whilst the middle-lobe consists of the strong fleshy body so common in Bolbophyllums.
Jungle near Klong Majum alt. 200 ft., epiphytic.
Eria Lindl.
10. E. semiconnata Kral. n. sp.
Bulbis nummiformibus applanatis orbicularibus 8— 10 mm. diam. margine subrepandis supra retinerviis, foliis sub anthesi nullis, mihi non visis, floribus semper unicis brevi-pedicellatis, bractea ovata cucullata acuta quam ovarium longiore, flore nutante. Sepalo dor- sali obovato-oblongo brevi-acutato, sepalis lateralibus in unum basi gibbosum connatis apicem versus: liberis acutis cum dorsali conglu- tinatis non connatis, petalis obovatis obtusis, tota superficie minute crystallino-glandulosa, labello simplice ovato acuto basi plicato ibique umbonato; gynostemio perbrevi. — Flores extus et intus glabri, in- tense rubri, sepala 5—6 mm. longa, labellum 2 mm. longum.
This curious little thing is the sixth species of the Porpax-group and is closely allied to E. ustulata Par. & Rehb. f. The differences are how- ever considerable enough to keep the plant distinct from EF. ustulata. The flowers of the latter are pubescent on the outside, those of our species are quite glabrous, the upper sepal is triangular and acuminate in E. ustu-
nn: ae
lata, in E. semiconnata oblong or obovate, the petals of this species are broadly obovate, those of E. ustulata according to Reichenbach lanceolate. At last the colour is somewhat different though not much.
On rocks in the jungle throughout the island. ascending to 2000 ft.
41. E.Nummularia Kral. n. sp.
Bulbis crebris approximatis sese tangentibus orbicularibus mar- gine repandis depressis radiatim jugosis 8—10 mm. diam., floribus plerumque solitariis, bracteis ovatis acutis ovarium subglobosum semiaequantibus. Sepalis per duas tertias longitudinis in tubum con- natis, lateralibus basi bullatis omnibus antice longe oblongis acutis apice reflexis, petalis aequilongis obovati-oblongis antice rotundatis utrinque hyalini-papillosis, labello brevi oblongo obtuso, linea eleva-
tula per totum discum decurrente. —- Flores inversi extus et intus glaberrimi rubri, sepala circ. 4 mm. longa, petala aequilonga an- tice 2 mm. lata, labellum 1,5 mm. longum. — Januario.
The little plant resembles very much the latter, but 1. the flo- wers are not resupinate, 2. the sepals are not united except the third part below the top, 3. the petals are cuneate or obovate, 4. the lip has an eleva- ted line running from the base to the apex but not a tubercle at the base; at last the dimensions of all these parts are still a little smaller than in E. semiconnata. For the other characters both species agree very much especially in the smallness of the flower. Also in this species leaves are missing.
On rocks in the jungle near Klong Munsé alt. 700 ft.
12. E. lanata Griff. Notul. Il, 101; Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. I. 49. Er. flava Lindl. var. lanata Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. V. 801.
Klong Prao, Koh Kahdat, Koh Saket. Epiphytic near the sea. Area: From tropical Himalaya eastward to Bhotan and southward to
Tenasserim. 13. E. sp. (sect. Trichotosia) aff. E. velutinae Loddig.
Without flowers, but surely very near to 2. velutina Lodd. if not identical.
Klong Munsé. Epiphytic in the jungle.
Agrostophyllum Bl.
14. A. khasianum Griff. in Cale. Jour. Nat. Hist. IV, 378, t. 19; Hook. f. Fl. Brit Ind. V. 824. — Agrost. planicaule Rehb.f. — Appen- dicula Hasseltii Wight.
Lem Dan near the sea and Klong Majum alt. 700 ft., epiphytic. Area: Khasia-hills to Moulmein and Tenasserim.
a= {Or a
Calanthe R. Br. 15. (. biloba Lind]. Fol. Orch. Calanthe p. 3; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind.
V. 848. var. obtusata Par. & Rcehb. f.
Klong Majum, on rocks; flowers red. Area: Temperate Himalaya. Sikkim, Nepal. — Tenasserim.
Eulophia R. Br. 16. E. graminea Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7372 & G. & Sp. Orch. 182; Hook. f. Fl]. Brit. Ind. VI, 2. Klong Munsé (common in the plains); Koh Chick. Terrestrial, in grassy spots. Area: Bengal, Assam, Malacca to Singapore, Nicobar-Islands, Ceylon.
Cymbidium Sw. 17. C.aloifolinm Sw. in Nov. Act. Upsal. VI, 73; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. VI, 10. Cymb. pendulum Sw.; Cymb. erassifolium Wall.
Lem Dan and Koh Kahdat, epiphytic, near the sea.
Area: Himalaya, eastward to East Nepal, southward to Tenasserim and Andaman Islands.
€. sp. indeterm.
Without flowers.
Luisia Gaudich. 18. L. brachystachys B). Rumph. IV, 50; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. VI, 23. Without flowers but with all other characters of this species. Klong Majum, epiphytic in the jungle. Area: Western Himalaya. Silhet & Khasia-hills, Tenasserim.
Sarcochilus R. Br. 19. S. hirtulus Hook. f. Ic. Plant., t. 2121 & FI. Brit. Ind. VI, 39.
Without flowers, hut the plant vesembles in every respect the plate in the Icones Plantarum especially in the roughness of the flower stalk.
Klong Prao, epiphytic, near the sea.
Area: Perak, Malacca.
Renanthera Lour. 2G. R. coccinea Lour. FI. Cochinch. Il. 237; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. VI, 48. Klong Majum, on rocks in the jungle, alt. 700 ft. Area: Cochin China. Tenasserim, Tavoy-District.
a)
Saccolabium BI.
21. §. ochracewm Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1842. Misc. 2; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. VI, 62. 8S. Uneolatum Thw. Acampe dentata Lindl. A. Wightiana var. longepedunculata Thw.
Lem Dan. Epiphytic, near the sea. Flowers orange with red spots.
Area: Tropical Himalaya, Bhotan, Tenasserim, Ceylon.
22. S. peperomioides Kral. n. sp.
Caule longe repente radicibus longissimis cortici affixo, folioso, foliis dorsiventralibus saepius paulum reflexis carnosis crassis oblon- gis obtuse acutatis 2—2,5 cm. inter se distantibus ad 8 cm. longis, 2,3—2,8 cm. latis, racemis brevibus 1- v.(rarius)2-floris, bracteis minutissimis, Sepalo dorsali late obovato-oblongo apice rotundato, lateralibus oblongis infra brevi-auriculatis labello semiaffixis, petalis minoribus subsimilibus omnibus obtusis, labello compresso basi utrinque dentato, lobulis lateralibus erectis apice recurvis, lobo inter- medio elongato oblongo acuto v. acuminato, callo crasso supra sul- cato inter lobulos laterales, toto disco pilosulo, calcari cum labello continuo ipsi subaequilongo extinctoriiformi levissime ascendente ; gynostemio brevi, rostello antice bifido; antheram et pollinia non vidi. — Flores inter minores generis, sepala petalaque 8 mm. longa, labellum cum calcari fere 8 mm. longum.
The stem is very long and attached to the bark of trees by roots of a considerable length; the habit of the plant resembles that of some peperomioid plants, from where I borrowed the name. The species which we may consider to be the nearest to it is perhaps Saccolabiin bipunctatum Par. & Rehb. f. (referred to Cleisostoma by Sir Jos. Hooker) a very imperfectly known species from Tenasserim; it has the same habit, the same manner of growth, the same very short inflorescences of 1 or rarely 2 flowers and even some very slight resemblance in the flower, but no character is identical i both species.
Klong Sarlakpet, epiphytic on Bruguiera gymnorhiza in the mangrove. Vanda? Aerides? Sarcanthus?
There are still 2 specimens of big Vanda-like plants without any trace of flowers.
Podochilus BI.
v 23. Podochilus sp. Without flowers, Pod. lucescenti Bl. similar. Klong Munsé, on rocks and epiphytic in the jungle.
Stereosandra BI. 24. §. pendula Krzl. n. sp.
Tuberidio 3 cm. longo, 1 em. crasso; caule tenui fragili ad 30 cm. alto basi squamato ceterum aphyllo pallide roseo, racemo
paucifloro, bracteis linearibus pedicellos superantibus, floribus pen- dulis. Sepalis ovatis acuminatis lateralibus basi manifeste excavatis v. gibbosis, petalis subconformibus, labello simili e basi concava late triangulo acuminato antice complicato, tuberculis basilaribus glohosis; gynostemio cum anthera dimidium sepali dorsalis aequante, anthera longa complicata basi dibrachiata, polliniis elongatis. — Flores albi violaceo-punctati, sepala 7 mm. longa, petala et label- lum vix breviora.
Differs from Ster. juvanica Bl. by its smaller flowers and the more prominent gibbosity of the lateral sepals and the lip. The tubercles at the base of the latter are very conspicuous. The flowers are white with violet spots, whilst in St. javanica they are whitish with violet tips of the sepals and petals. It is a very similar species.
Klong Son, terrestrial among withered leaves. Flowers white with violet spots, ovary with violet elevaled lines, stem and leaves pale reddish.
Area: The genus Stereosandra, as far we can judge for the moment, is confined to the islands of the indo-malayan archipelago. Stereosandra ja- vanica Bl. has only been found in Java.
Anoectochilus BI. 25. A. Reinwardtii Bl.? Orch. Archip. Ind. 48, t. 12 fig. 2.
Without flowers. The habit and the reticulations of the leaves agree exceedingly well with Blumes plate.
Klong Son and Nipple. alt. 2000 ft. Terrestrial. Area: Malay Peninsula. Perak (ex. Ridley).
Hetaeria Bi. 26. HL. oblongifolia Bl. Bijdr. 410 et Orch. Archip. Ind. 86, t. 56. With nearly destroyed flowers, but otherwise easy to recognize,
Jungle near Klong Munsé and Koh Kahdat, terrestrial. Area: Java.
Cheirostylis BI. 27, ©. montana B). Bijdr. 413, fig. 16.
Klong Majum, alt. 700 ft., on rocks in the jungle. Area:- Java.
Didymoplexis Griff.
28. D. pallens Griff. in Calc. Journ, Nat. Hist. IV, 383, t 17; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. VI, 122. Leueorehis silvatica BI. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. 1, 31; Orch. Archip. Ind. 147; Apetalon minutum Wight; Arethusa ecristata Griff. Notul. HI, 378; Epiphanes pallens Rehb. f. in FI. Vitiens. 296.
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Klong Son, alt. 1000 ft., terrestrial in the jungle. Flowers white, labellum yellow, stem and leaves reddish, the latter very small.
Area: Lower Bengal, from Himalaya to Calcutta. Malacca, Perak.
Cypripedium L. 29. €.Schmidtianum Krzl. n. sp.
Scapo puberulo tenui, bractea lanceolata carinata acuta dimi- dium ovarii aequante. Sepalo dorsali latissime obovato explanato apice brevi acutato utringue 9—11 nervio in nervis extus puberulo, sepalis lateralibus in phyllum miultoties et inusitate parvum ova- tum acuminatum coalitis, petalis late linearibus acutis arctissime deflexis, papillis minutis valde distantibus 3 v. 4 in margine supe- riore minute fimbriatis, labello petalis aequilongo marginibus ostii satis distantibus grosse papillosis, sacco amplo supra utrinque in lobulum acutum aucto; gynostemio gracili, staminodio antice pro- funde Iunato medio sulcato (fere bipartito), dente in ima parte sulci paulum prosiliente (non proprie umbonato). — Sepal. dorsale 4,5 cm. altum et latum, sep. inferius 2,2 cm. longum, 8 mm. latum, petala 5,5 cm. longa, 1,2 cm. lata, labellum 5,5 cm. longum, supra 2,5 em. latum; de colore nihil constat.
It is not without hesitation, that | found a new species of Cyprii- pedium of which I am quite unable to give any particulars about the colours. The characters which make me believe that the species must be a new one are the extreme smallness of the Jower sepal and the strictly deflexed petals. The first character is never observed in such a degree and the position of the petals is in similar manner only to be seen in Cyp. Fairieanuin and Cyp. Dayanwm but in neither the petals are so directly deflexed as in this species and both species are out of the question by numerous other characters. My material consists in 3 flowers preserved in alcohol and I am quite sure that I have seen all parts in their natural position and not injured hy pressure.
Klong Son, alt. 1000 ft.; on rocks.
Apostasiaceae.
Apostasia. 30. A. Lobbii Rehb. f. in Flora Bd. 55 (1872) 278; Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. XXV, 238; Krzl. Orch. G. & Sp. I, 9. Nipple, alt. 2000 ft. Terrestrial. Area: Borneo, Forests of Labuan.
Flora of Koh Chang.
Contributions to the knowledge of the vegetation in the Gulf of Siam.
By Johs. Schmidt.
Part II.
Corallinaceae by M. Foslie — Trondhjem.
Along the coasts of Asia from the Indian Ocean, eastward to the North Pacific Ocean and farther up to the Bering Sea the tracts have been almost unknown as regards the unarticulated cal careous Algae, setting aside a few species of Melobesia attached to other Algae, although on the other hand the other groups of Coral- linaceae do not seem to be considerably known. Some species are lately known from the Pacific coast of Japan, but otherwise as far as I know not a single species has been formerly quoted with any degree of certainty from the said extended coasts. Therefore, every contribution from these tracts may be of importance as regards the knowledge of these up to late times rather neglected Algae and their geographic distribution.
During the Danish expedition to Siam 1899-—-1900 some cal- careous Algae were collected in different places in the Gulf of Siam. The collection certainly comprehends but a small number of species which are to be recorded below, giving however some interesting facts as to the distribution of these Algae. The species not formerly described will be pictured on a subsequent occasion.
Mr. Th. Reinbold of Itzehoe has been kind enough to deter- mine Amphiroa and Corallina.
w= PR ow
Archaeolithothamnion,(Rothpl.) Fosl.*).
1. A. Schmidtii Fos]. mscr.
Thallus forming crusts on Corals up to about % mm. thick, sending forth crowded wart-like excrescences or short, simple or subsimple branches about 2 mm. thick, occasionally up to 12 mm. long, in an advanced stage frequently knotty and rugged and in part rather anastomosing. Sporangia 50—65 » long and 30—40 yu thick.
There are to be found two specimens of this characteristic species, attached to about 15 cm. long and 3—5 cm. thick, somewhat compres- sed pieces of dead Corals which it at length fully surrounds. The crust does not attain any considerable thickness, apparently not exceeding about 2 mm., frequently thinner. It produces in a rather young stage numerous small wartlike excrescences which little by little increase in size, becoming more and more crowded, frequently at length forming short, simple or subsimple’ branches 1.5—3 mm. thick, partly increasing in thickness up- wards partly not, or with somewhat spherical thickened ends, occasionally almost truncate, and in an advanced stage nearly always knotty and rugged. The branches are up to 12 mm. long, but generally smaller, in part at length rather anastomosing. New crusts sometimes are formed upon the primary, or now and then stretched between the branches, or irregular excrescences are formed by growing over extraneous objects. The surface is feebly shining. The colour was in a fresh state a brownish red, however almost discoloured in drying.
On a vertical section the hypothallic layer is shown to be rather feebly developed, composed of elongated cells which are up to about 20 long. It sends forth perithallic rows the cells of which frequently are 1*/2—2 times longer than broad, or 11—18 y long and 7—10p broad, here and there alternating with very small square or roundish cells. Between the more or less densely crowded overgrown sporangia (or cavities after these) the cells are as a rule much elongated and narrow.
The sporangia are formed in more or less regular sori up to about 3mm. in diameter. The sori are sometimes almost confluent, and ap- pear especially in the excrescences or branches, being dissolved or nearly so in the middle of February. On a section the overgrown sporangia form rather regular layers over each other and parallel to the surface of the frond. They are cylindric-bean-shaped or oblong, 50-—65 y long and 30—40y thick, occasionally somewhat smaller and almost roundish- ovate.
The species reminds one in habit of Lithothamnion rugosum Fosl. Otherwise it stands nearest to Archaeolithothamnion erythraewm (Rothpl.) Fosl., from which, however, it seperates itself by essential characteristics.
Picked up from a depth of about 5 fathoms off Koh Kahdat, apparently scarce.
1) With regard to the limit of the genera I refer to Revised Systematical Survey of the Melobesieae. Trondhjem 1900.
ere kee
Lithothamnion Phil. emend. 2. L. fruticulosum (Kiitz.) Fosl.
List of Lith. p. 6 (non Norw. Lith.); Spongites fruticulosa Kitz. Polvyp. calcif. p. 33, Tab. Phyc. 19, t. 99.
Syn. L. ramulosum Solms, Corall. Monogr. p. 19: ex parte’). L. fasciculatum Solms 1.c. p.20; saltem ex parte. L. fasciculatum @ fruticulosum Hauck, Meeresalg. p. 274.
The limits of the above species are not yet well fixed. I have taken it in the same sense as L. fasciculatum 8 fruticilosum Hauck 1. c. Whether it also includes the coarser form delineated by Hauck 1. «, 1.5, fig.3 is as yet not quite certain.
In the collection from Siam are some specimens certainly rather young and not well developed, but on the whole fully agreeing with Adriatic and Mediterranean specimens of the present species. They sur- round small stones and shells of Mollusks, forming a very thin crust which sends forth partly crowded partly scattered wart-like excrescences or short and thin branches up to 5 mm. long. The latter are frequently knotty and rugged, often with somewhat spherical thickened ends.
A couple of the specimens were scantily provided with conceptacles of sporangia in the beginning of February. The conceptacles were how- ever almost dissolved except one. This was about 400 » in diameter seen from above, with four-parted sporangia about 150 by 40—50y. A solitary, probably cystocarpic conceptacle of a conical shape measured about 600 at the base ®).
Between Koh Mesan and Cape Liant in 9 fathoms water. Area: The Mediterranean, the Adriatic, and Mauritius.
3. L. funafutiense Fosl. mscr.
Lithothamnion Philippi f. funafutiensis Fosl. Notes Lith. Funaf. p. 3; ale. Alg. Funaf. p. 5.
1) Owing to a mistake I have in Rev. Syst. Surv. Melob. identified ZL. ramlo- sum Phil. with L. fruticulosum Ktitz.
) After this was in press, I have had the opportunity to examine authentic specimens from Hauck’s herbarium. L. fruticuloswm includes two forms, the one with 1—1.5 nm. thick branches as the above mentioned, which I propose to name f.clavulata. This form corresponds in the main with the quoted figure by Kiitzing 1c. as well as Hauck J.c., t.5, flg.5, the latter representing an old specimen. It sometimes assumes an almost globular shape with nearly fastigiate branches (specimens from the coast of Greece). The other form is rather coarse, in habit often much differing from the former and approaching G. brassica-florida (Harv.) Fosl., with the branches frequently 2—2.5 mm. thick. This form I name f. crassiwscula. On the other hand, the coarse form delineated by Hauck 1.c.,t.5, fig.3 seems to belong to another species.
Botanisk Tidsskrift. 24de Bind. 2
— 18 —
f. purpurascens Fosl. mscr.
Thallus forming up to 2 mm. thick crusts on Corals, frequently with wart-like excrescences 2—3 mm. in diameter. Conceptacles of sporangia subprominent, 550—700 » in diameter. CGonceptacles of cystocarps subconical, about 500 in diameter.
In the quoted papers I mentioned a calcareous Alga from Funafuti which I considered a form of L. Philippii. In the collection from Siam are a few mostly fragmentary specimens which certainly differ in habit from the Funafuti plant, but on the whole are closely related to this. On the other hand, also the latter form much approaches L. Philippii. However, as both show almost the same divergences in their relation to L. Philippii, it appears that they must be considered as forms of a separate species. Both cling more firmly to the substratum than L. Philippii, the latter even sometimes almost loosens itself and develops rhizoids in the lower part.of the frond which occasionally at length form small fronds as in Lithophyllum expansum. The conceptacles are smaller than in the said species, although in this respect no true limit is to be drawn. Besides, as mentioned in the quoted papers, the hypothallus differs rather much from that in L. Philippii, being more feebly deve- loped with more narrow and thin-walled cells than the generally thick- walled cells in the latter. I have seen but some few specimens of L. Philippii. It seems to be rather varying, and the limits are not yet fully known. Perhaps it even includes more than one species in the sense formerly taken. This cannot be decided till a larger material is procured than that I at present possess. I think however to be entitled to adopt the said forms as specifically distinct.
The form purpurascens sticks especially to divers Corals. It forms more or less extended crusts up to about 2 mm. thick, frequently how- ever thinner. The crust is more or less uneven and feebly shining, generally with wart-like excrescences 2—3 mm. in diameter, or some- times thinner, scattered and branch-like processes appear at least in part by covering up small extraneous objects or penetrating animals. A new crust occasionally is formed upon the primary.
With reference to structure the cells of the feebly developed hypo- thallic layer are elongated and up to about 20 » long, with thin walls or rather so. The lower anticlines form a slow convergence towards matrix. The cells of the perithallic layer are much varying in shape and size, and often without any distinct order, partly but 4-5 by 5—6 yp in diameter, square or rounded, not seldom with the longest diameter in horizontal direction, or especially upwards square or more frequently vertically elongated, 7—12 w long and 5—7 y broad.
The reproductive organs in the present specimens of this form are very scanty and not well developed. I have seen but a few conceptacles of sporangia and cystocarps. The former are slightly convex but little prominent, 550—700 yw in diameter and intersected with a number of delicate muciferous canals. The sporangia are four-parted, judging from a solitary conceptacle examined 140—170 » long and 60—70 p. broad, with apparently enduring interwalls. The conceptacles of cystocarps seem to be rather varying, although I have seen but a couple of almost fully
a=) {9
developed ones. They almost coincide in shape with those in L. Phi- lippii and L. lichenoides, but are smaller, about 500 » in diameter at the base, and apparently as a rule more acute. The central parts of the ,conjugation cell‘ bear a bundle of somewhat elongated paranemata. The present form does not differ much from the Funafuti plant, which I provisionally name f. genuina. The latter has a rosy colour, sometimes with a feeble purplish shade, while f. purpurascens is darker or lighter purplish. The crust is frequently a little thicker and less ir- regular, but on the other hand generally with slightly smaller cells than in f. génuina. So also the conceptacles of sporangia being a little smaller, and in the few ones that I have seen not flattened in the central parts.
Between Koh Mesan and Cape Liant on a depth of 9 fathoms (not quite certain); 15 naut. miles E. of Koh Chuen, 10 fathoms; the north side of Koh Mesan, 10—15 fathoms; between Koh Mesan and Cape Liant, 5—8 fathoms; the north point of Koh Chang on Coral-reefs; and Koh Kahdat in 2 fathoms water.
Area: South Pacific Ocean: Funafuti (f. genwina).
4, I. siamense Fosl. mscr.
Thallus forming delicate, light rosy, smooth crusts or nearly so on divers hard objects, 30—100 » thick. Conceptacles of spo- rangia convex, rather prominent, 300—500, in diameter. Sporangia four-parted. Conceptacles of cystocarps conical, 350—600 » in diameter.
f. minuta Fos). mscr.
The crust 30-60 » thick. Conceptacles of sporangia 300— 400 » in diameter, Sporangia 60—70 yp long, 25—30y broad. Con- ceptacles of cystocarps 350—450 4 in diameter.
f. simulans Fos]. mscr.
The crust 50—100 u thick. Conceptacles of sporangia 400— 300 in diameter. Sporangia 140—160, long and 60--80, thick. Conceptacles of cystocarps 500—600 y in diameter.
This is one of the most delicate of the species of this genus at- tached to hard objects. It sticks especially to Corals, but is also met with on stones, shells of Mollusks or even attached to other calcareous Algae. The colour is in a dried state a light rosy, sometimes, however, with a greyish-green shade. The crust is at first almost orbicular, here and there with slightly crenulate margin. In an old state it becomes more irregular in outline, and more crusts founded near each other get fully confluent without any visible limit, at length forming an apparently solitary crust up to about 12 mm. in diameter, often, however, much smaller, or but 3 mm. in a fertile stage (f. minuta). But sometimes it almost covers small shells of Mollusks (f. simulans). It is smooth and not or very feebly shining. The smoothness of the crust depends how- ever on that of the substratum, although it appears sometimes to become a little uneven in an old stage even on a plain substratum, partly by
9*
— 90 —
covering up small extraneous objects partly by scars after emptied concep- tacles being irregularly effaced, or the dropped conceptacles leaving small elevated edges not dissolved. The crust is in f. minuta frequently but 30—60 yw thick, in f. stmulans up to about 100 yw thick.
A vertical section of the crust shows an almost coaxilate develop- ment. The hypothallic cells are frequently rather elongated, up to about 25 » long, sending forth a rather feebly developed perithallic layer. The cells of the latter are partly roundish partly square, 7—10y in diameter, however often with the longest diameter now in horizontal now and more frequently in vertical direction, in the latter case exceptionally up to 14 long and 7 » broad.
*The conceptacles of sporangia are scattered or somewhat crowded in any part of the crust except the peripherical portion, convex, in f. mi- nuta less prominent than in f. simulans, towards maturity sometimes a little flattened in the central parts, in the former 300—400 % and in the latter 400—500 y» in diameter seen from above. The roof is intersected with about 40 delicate muciferous canals. The sporangia are four-parted in hoth forms, in f. minuta 60—70 » long and 25—30 uw broad, but in f. simulans 140—160 » long and 60—80 yw broad. However, this is perhaps not to be considered the average size, as I have examined but a couple of conceptacles owing to the scanty material.
The conceptacles of cystocarps frequently appear in other individuals than those of sporangia. They are conical and, as in other species of this genus, abruptly passing into a very short and thin tip. Also these are smaller in f. minuéa than in f. simulans, in the former 350—450 LB in diameter at the base and in the latter 500—600 yp.
Both forms are provided with the said organs in February, carpo- spores however more scarce than sporangia.
I have been in doubt whether f. simulans ought not perhaps to be considered as a separate species, but as I have seen only a solitary well developed specimen of this form I do not hesitate to keep it distinct, especially since the material also of f. ménuta is scarce and some of the specimens no doubt are somewhat stunted. Nor have 1 been able to draw any true limit, setting aside the proportionally large reproductive organs in the former. But also in other species a great difference as regards the conceptacles sometimes is to be seen, for inst. in Lithotham- nion laeve. The forms have been found under different conditions which not unlikely have had some influence on their development such as for instance in the said species as well as L. Lenormandi.
The present species stands nearest to L. Lenormandi and reminds one in habit of young specimens of f. sublaevis. It approaches this form also as regards the conceptacles of sporangia, while those of cystocarps are different.
11 naut. miles NW. of Koh Kam on a depth of 10 fathoms (f. minuta) ; between Koh Mesan and Cape Liant, 9 fathoms (f. minuta); 15 naut. miles E. of Koh Chuen, 10 fathoms (f. minuta?); between Koh Mesan and Koh Chuen. 15 fathoms (f. minuta); the north side of Koh Mesan in 10—15 fathoms water (f. monet); and Koh Sarlak, on Septifer bilocularis L. in shallow water (f. si- mulans), — almost everywhere in solitary individuals.
ee ee
Lithophyllum Phil. emend. Subgen. Eulithophyllum Fosl.
5. L.racemus (Lam.) Fosl.
List of Lith. p.9; Millepora (Nullipora) racemosa Lain. Hist. an. s. vertebr. 2, p. 203. .?p
f. erassa (Phil.) Fosl. le. Lithothamnion crassum Phil. in Wiegm. Arch. 1837, p. 388.
Syn. Lithothamnion racemus Aresch. in J. Ag. Spec. Alg. 2, p. 521. _ crassum Hauck, Meeresalg. p. 273.
With some reservation J refer two specimens to the above form of this species. They are but 1—2 cm. in diameter, sterile and seem to have been dead when collected. Overgrown conceptacles are not to be found. The specimens agree however in habit with young ones of the said form. So also in the main with reference to structure.
Between Koh Mesan and Cape Liant on a depth of 9 fathoms.
Area: North Atlantic: South coast of England (only dead specimens known), Bahama; the Mediterranean and the Adriatic; the Red Sea: Indian Ocean: Mauritius, Rodriguez.
Subgen. Lepidomorphum Fosl. 6. IL. Yendoi Fosl.
New or crit. calc. Alg. p. 25.
On the Pacific coast of Japan this rather easily recognisable spe- cies sticks to stones as far as hitherto known. In the Gulf of Siam it appears to be rather abundant on small Conchs, Cerithia, forming thin crusts little by little almost covering the host, and furnished with repro- ductive organs in the middle of March. The specimens from this place agree in the main both in habit and structure with the typical form of the species except that they are smaller.
Koh Sarlak on Cerithium Morus in shallow water (between tide-marks). Area: North Pacific Ocean: Pacific coast of middle Japan.
Melobesia Lamour. emend.
7. M. farinosa Lamour. Polyp. flex. p.315; Rosan. Mélob. p. 59.
Also in the Gulf of Siam this widely dispersed species sticks to divers other Alge. Well developed specimens have been found on Halimeda macroloba and Padina. On Cystoseira latifrons it grows together with Bryozoa, the one partly covering the other. The basal cells are on a section almost square and about 7 yw in diameter. It is provided with sporangia, antheridia and carpospores in the middle of February.
5290
Koh Kahdat in about 2 fathoms water. Area: Common almost everywhere except in the arctic and antarctic
regions. Dermatolithon Fosl.
8. D. pustulataum (Lamour.) Fosl.*) List of Lith. p. 11; Melobesia pustulata Lamour. Polyp. flex. p.315, Rosan.
Mélob. p. 72. Koh Kahdat, in 1—2 fathoms water.
Area: Rather common almost everywhere except in the arctic and an-
tarctic regions.
Amphiroa Lamour’).
9. A. fragilissima (L.) Lamour.
Polyp. flex. p. 298; Corallina fragilissima L. p. 1805; Ell. et Sol. Zooph. p. 123.
Koh Lom and Koh Chick, on coral-reefs in shallow water.
Area: Common in all warmer seas.
Syst. nat. ed. 12, vol. 1,
Corallina (Tournf.) Lamour’).
10. @. (Sania) tenella Kiitz.
Tab, Phye. vol. 8, p. 41, t. 85, IL.
It is a question whether this species is not but a very thin form of the much varying C. (Jania) rubens which is common everywhere.
Koh Lom and Koh Chick, on coral-reefs in shallow water.
Area: The Mediterranean, Mexico, Samoa and Fidji Islds.
1) Auctore Th. Reinbold.
Flora of Koh Chang.
Contributions to the knowledge of the vegetation in the Gulf of Siam.
By Johs. Schmidt.
Part III.
(C. B. Clarke: Cyperaceae. — E. Haeckel: Gramineae. — H. Christ: Pteridophyta. (Selaginella auctore G. Hieronymus.) — V. F. Brotherus: Bryales.)
Cyperaceae by C. B. Clarke — Kew.
I have prepared a list of the Cyperaceae collected in Koh Chang, 24 species — of these 14 are maritime species, 5 are rice-field weeds; Rynchospora aurea Vahl is widely scattered; Fimbristylis Hookeriana Boeck. has been hitherto known only from 2 localities 300 miles apart. Of the maritime species, a few are strictly maritime; a few re-appear in the lower hills, while they are absent from the plains; the greater number while common on the sea-coast occasionally occur inland. As to Fimbristylis Hookeriana Boeck. it grows in large quantity in its two known habitats; and it may be expected to be met with hereafter between Khasia and Koh Chang.
The 24 Cyperaceae of Koh Chang all occur in British India, except Fimbristylis cymosa R. Br., a species common in Malaya and Polynesia. They are arranged diagnosed and described in Sir J. D. Hooker’s Flora of British India. I have therefore not copied over again what is printed there, but have given a reference to it, and to the Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 34 [1898] which gives the localities of the species in British India.
~ 6
The Flora of British India, being a local Flora, does not in general cite synonyms or localities foreign to India. I have given below as ,Additional synonymy“ and ,Additional Geography‘ the synonymy and geography referring to plants collected in and round Siam; and also, in a slighter degree, some of the general synonymy and geography.
I have added no ,species inquirendae* ; there are several hun- dred species of Cyperaceae collected in Eastern India, China, Malaya; it would cause no surprise for any one of these to be met with in Siam. It is better, therefore, for the present, to confine the Koh Chang list to the Primitiae of the Flora collected there.
Kyllinga Rottb.
1. K. monocephala Rottb.
Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 6, p.588; C. B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 34 [1898], p. 11. Additional synonymy:
K. monocephala, Forst. Ins. Austral. Prod. p.6; R. Br. Prod. Fl. Austral. p. 219; Presl Rel. Haenk. v. 1, p. 182 pl. Mexic. excl.; Decaisne in Nouv. Ann. Mus. v. 3 [1834], p. 360; Moritzi Verz. Zoll. Pfl. p. 95 partim; Stend in Zoll. Verz. Ind. Archip. heft 2, p.63 partim; Benth. Fl. Hongk. p.388 partim, et Fl. Austral. v.7, p. 251 partim; Ridley in Forbes Eastern Archip. [1885], p. 521, et in Journ. Singapore Asiat. Soc. n. 23 [1891], p. 9.
K, brevifolia, Movitzi Verz. Zoll. Pfl. p.95, non Rottb.
K. pumila, Kunth Enum. v. 2, p.132 partim.
K. monocephala Vay. subtriceps, Kunth Enum. v. 2, p. 129.
Schoenus niveus, Linn.! Syst. Veget. (ed. XIII Murray) p. SI, fide tab. Jacquin citatae, et Linn. herb. propr.
Thryocephalon nemorale J. R. et G. Forster Gen. p. 130, t. 65.
Cyperus lewcocephalus, Hassk. Pl. Jav. Rar. p.87 non Retz.
C. monocephalus, F. Muell. Fragm. Phyt. Austral. v. 8, p. 271.
K. monocephala is especially a maritime and island species; it is carried to seacoasts as to Portugal, to Bahia and to Monte-video. But, all the American plants called by authors Kyll. monocephala are some other species — mostly they are K. brevifolia Rottb.
Klong Sarlakpet, in humid plains.
Additional Geography:
Trop. Africa — Ins. Prince, N.L. 2°1'; Welwitsch n. GY88. Ins. S. Helena; Burchell.
Mascarenia — in omnibus insulis vulgaris.
China Australis — Formosa: Henry nn. 352, 1329, Hainan; Henry n. 30. Pakhoi; Playfair n. 202: ce. &e.
— 8f —
Malaya — Sumatra; Horsfield n. 965, Zollinger nn. 368, 465, Goering n. 148, Leschenault n. 621. Siam; Schomburgk n.327. Cambodia; Lebeeuf. Cochin- china; Gaudichaud n.72, Germain n. 106; Turong, O. Kuntze. Borneo; Motley n. 93.
Ins. Philippine; Cuming n. 1558. Manila; Wichura n. 1860; &c.
Australia — Queensland; Dallachy.
Oceania — In omni Polynesia tropicali, vulgaris.
Ins. Sandwich; Barclay.
Pycreus Beauv.
2. P. polystachyus Beauv.
Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 6, p.592; C. B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. y, 34 {1898], p. 16.
Additional synonymy:
P. polystachyus, Nees in Nova Acta Nat. Gur. v.19 [1843], Suppl. 1, p. 55.
Cyperus polystachyus, Benth. Fl. Hongk. p. 385, et Fl. Austral. v. 7. p. 261; Hassk. PL. Jav. Rar. p.74; Munro in Seem. Voy. Herald p. 422; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. v.3, p. 258, Suppl. p. 260; Ridley in Journ. Singapore Asiat. Soc. n. 23 [1891], p.4; Drake Fl. Ins. Pacif. p. 330.
C. caespitosus, Hook. et Arn. Beechey Voy. p.99, non Poiret.
C. brunneus, Hook. et Arn. Beechey Voy. p. 99, non Swartz.
Pycreus polystachyus is one of the most wide-spread and abundant Cyperaceae in the globe; it is especially common near the sea.
The above localities refer to the type form only. The Var. @ laxi- flora Benth. is equally wide spread; and the doubtfully distinct Pyereus ferrugineus C. B. Clarke is still commoner in North America. It is impos- sible to give the synonymy or the geography completely; for no one knows where the species ends.
Throughout the island, in rice-fields.
Additional Geography:
Africa Borealis — Algeria; Lefranc n. 487, Kralik nn. 92, 147, Billot n. 3924. Ischia; Tenore.
Africa Tropica — Senegambia; Hendelot n. 444. Niger Flum.: Vogel nn. 11, 35. Africa Gentralis; Gazelle Flum., Schweinfurth n. 1152. Libya; Ascherson nn. 534, 2303. Ins. S. Helena; Burchell nn.8, 9, J. D. Hooker n. 42. Angola; Welwitsch nn. 7041, 6890, 6891, &c. Zanzibar; Hildebrandt n. 1069. Usambara, Holst n. 2029 &c. Caput Bonae spei; Drége nn. 4403, 4404, 4405 &e.
Mascarenia — Mauritius; Sieber n.10 ~— &c. &c.
China — Hongkong; Hance n. 1230. Formosa; Henry nn. 1047, 1080 — &c. Kc.
Japan — Wichura n. 723 — &c.
Malaya — Tonkin; Balansa nn. 200, 2849. Cochinchina; Germain nn. 14, 92. Java; Zollinger n. 456, Kurz n. 1854. Borneo; Motley n, 67, Beccari n. 3685. Manila; Chamisso n. 196, Wichura n. 1870.
Australia — R. Brown n. 5908 &c. &e.
Oceania — Amboyna; Barclay. New-Caledonia; Vieillard n. 1431. I{sle of Pines; Milne n. 169. Ins. Sandwich, Hillebrand n. 564; &c.
America — Florida; Rugel nn. 109, 114. Nicaragua; Tate n.503, Lévy n, 258. West Indies; ubique vulgaris (Martinique, Sieber nn. 13, 360).
Votanisk Tidsskrift. 24. Bind. 6
a
3. P. suleinux C. B. Clarke.
Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 6, p. 593; C. B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 34 [1898], p. 16.
This ,species* is only a split-off from Pyereus polystachyus; it is I think a little better separated than the numerous split-off species in North America — admitted as species there.
Lem Dan, in dry sandy soil.
Additional Geography:
Africa Trop. — Nyasa-land; L. Scott. Zomba Mt., Whyte. Malaya — Borneo Borealis; Burbidge. Ins. Philippine; Moseley.
Cyperus Linn.
4. €. Haspan, Linn. partim nec Linn. Herb.
Hook. f. FL. Brit. Ind. v. 6, p.600; (C.B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soe. v. 34 [1898]. p. 22. Additional synonymy:
C. Haspan, Moritzi Verz. Zoll. Pfl. p.96; Hook. et Arn. Beechey Voy. p. 221; Benth. Fl. Hongk. p. 386 et Fl. Austral. v.7, p.27; Steud. in Zoll. Verz. Ind. Archip. heft 2, p.63; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. v. 3, p. 267 et Suppl. p. 260; Ridley in Journ. Singapore Asiat. Soc. n. 23 [1891], p. 6.
C. platyculmis, R. Br. Prod. Fl. Austral. p, 214,
C. laticulmis, Spreng. Syst. v. 1, p. 228.
This is a pest in rice-fields, in warm countries nearly throughout the World. — I do not know that is it more prevalent near the sea than else- where.
Throughout the island, in rice-fields.
Additional Geography:
Trop. Africa; vulgaris — Senegambia; Heudelot n. 833. Djur; Schweinfurth n. 2054. Angola; Welwitsch nn. 7097, 6908, 6932, 7086, 7035b. Mombasa; Hildebrandt n. 2045; Nyasaland, Lugard n. 10.
Mascarenia; frequens.
China; vulgaris — Hongkong; Wright n. 557, Wilford n. 48, Schottmueller n. 499. Canton; Sampson n. 260. Pakhoi; Playfair n. 108.
Japan; frequens.
Malaya — Sumatra; herb. Miquel. Java; Horsfield nn. 268, 269, Ploem nn. 191,. 258. Tonkin; Balansa n. 2850. Cochinchina; Leboeuf, Germain nn. 93, 94, Borneo; Barber n. 194, Mottley n.98, Ins. Philippine; Wichura n. 1999.
Australia; sat communis — Carpentaria Sinus, R. Brown n 5911.
America Borealis — North Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Louisiana, Texas.
America Centralis — Mexico, Guatemala, West Indies,
America Australis Trop.; vulgaris.
Argentina — Entre-rios; Niederlein nn. 212, 2130, 2155.
Mariscus Vahl.
>. M. albescens Gaud.
— 83 —
Hook. f. FL Brit. Ind. v. 6, p. 623; C. B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 34 [1898], p. 46. Additional synonymy:
Cyperus stuppeus, Forst. Ins. Austral. Prod. 1786 p. 89 [i. e. C. stipens, For- ster! ms]; Guillemin in Ann. Se. Nat. ser. 2, v. 6 [1836], p. 317.
Cyp. pennatus, Decaisne in Nouv. Ann. Mus. v. 3 [1834] p.359; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. v.3, p. 281; Benth. Fl. Hongk. p. 387; Vidal. Fl. Filip. p. 283; Ridley in H. 0. Forbes Eastern Archip. p. 355, et in Journ. Singapore Asiat. Soc. n. 23 [1891], p. 8; Hillebr. Fl. Hawai p. 463; Drake FI. Ins. Pacific. p. 330; non Boeck.
Cyp. canescens, Nees in Nova Acta Nat. Cur. v.19, Suppl. 1 [1843], p.61; Hook. et Arn. Beechey Voy. p. 222.
Cyp. holciflorus, Presl. Rel. Haenk. v. 1, p. 171.
Cyp. anomalus, Stend. Cyp. p. 37.
Cyp. ovatus, Llanos Fragm. p. 15.
Cyp. imbricatus, Llanos Fragm. p. 17, fide Naves et Vill.
Cyp. fucatus Boeck. in Flora v. 65 [1882], p. 18.
Cyp. nitidulus, Vidal Pl. Vasc. Filip. p. 283.
This species is a common maritime tropical plant. Cyperus ventricosus, R.Br. Prod. Fl. Austral. p. 217 = C. caricifolius, Hook. et Arn. Beechey Voy. p. 99 == C. stigmatosus Steud. in Zoll. Verz. Ind. Archip. heft 2, p. 62 = C. Tongatabuensis, Boeck. in Flora v. 58 [1875], p. 85.
1 reckon only a Var. of Mariseus albescens, Gaud., and it lies within the
area of M. albescens.
Throughout the island near the sea, in rocks as in swamps. Additional Geography:
Africa orient. — Taita; Hildebrandt n. 2437,
Mascarenia — Nossibé; Boivin n. 2003. Seychelles; Horne nn. 219, 648,
China — Hongkong; Wright n.563, Seemann n. 556. Formosa; Playfair n. 107, Henry nn. 763, 783, 1007, 1032.
Malaya — Java; Horsfield, H. O. Forbes. Borneo; Barber n. 383, Beccari n. 3681, &c. Ins. Philippine; Cuming nn. 436, 1636, &c. Cochinchina; Finlay- son, Germain n. 24.
Australia — Queensland; Amalia Dietrich n. 634.
Polynesia; vulgaris — Aru Ins.; Warburg. Aneiteum; Mac Gillivray n. 921, Milne n. 287. Ins. Sandwich; Seemann n. 1707, Hillebrand n. 559.
6. M. microcephalus Presl. Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 6, p.624; C. B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 34 [1898], p. 46. Additional synonymy: Mariscus dilutus, Ridley in Journ. Singapore Asiat. Soc. n. 23 [1891], p. 8. Cyperus dilutus, Nees in Nova Acta Nat. Cur. v. 19, Suppl. 1 [1843], p. 63. Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. v. 3, p. 285; Vidal Pl. Filip. p. 283. Cyp. Haenkeanus, Kunth Enum. v. 2, p. 93. Cyp. septatus, Steud. in Zoll. Verz. Ind. Archip. heft 2, p. 62; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. v. 3. p. 284 et Suppl. p. 260. 6*
= 8H
Cyp. cuadrifiorus, Llanos Fragm. Filip. p. 1s. Cyp. microcephalus, Naves in Blanco Fl. Filip. Append. p. 304, non R. Br. Cyp. Grabowskianus, Boeck. in Engl. Jahrb. v. 5 [1884], p. 502.
This is essentially a maritime or archipelago plant; but is found (not abundantly) in the central parts of India. Klong Munsé, in plains near the sea. Additional Geography: Mascarenia — Rara, Commerson. China — Canton; Sampson n. 1612, Hance n. 1367. Malaya — Sumatra; Martens. Java; Zollinger, Jagor n. 594, Ploem n. 482; Ac. Borneo; Barber n. 330, Motley n. 443; &c. Tonkin; Balansa n. 2764; Saigon, Lebveuf. Ins. Philippine; Cuming nn. 538, 1656, Vidal n. 3983, Wichura n. 2000, Jagor n. 869; &e.
Eleocharis R. Br.
7. KE, capitata R. Br.
Hook. f. FL Brit. Ind. v. 6, p.5¥7; C. B, Clarke in Journ, Linn. Soc. v. 34
[1898], p. 50.
Additional synonymy: Eleoch. capitata, Kunth Enum. y. 2. p. 150, syn. quibusdam excl.; Ridley in Journ. Singapore Asiat. Soe. n.23 [1891] p. 14. Eleoch. setacea, R. Br. Prod. Fl. Austral. p. 225 neque homonyma p. 224; Kunth Enum. v. 2, p. 156. Scirpus capitatus, Linn. Herb. propr. partim; Benth.! Fl. Hongk. p. 394. Sc. Caribaens, Rottb. Descr. et Ic. p. 46, t. 15, fig. 3. Heleocharis capitata, Benth. Fl. Austral. v. 7, p. 296. Heleoch. setacea, Benth. Fl. Austral. v. 7, p. 296. Lem Dan, in rice-fields. Additional Geography:
Trop. Africa — Senegal; Heudelot n. 549, Perrottet nn. 198, 820, 830, Caput Palmas; Vogel n. 7. Congo Flumen; Christ. Smith. Somali Terra; Revoie n. 137.
Ins. Socotra; Balfour n. 730, Schweinfurth n. 693. Ins. Bourbon; Bory.
Arabia — Sinai; Ehrenberg n. 372; Yemen; Botta, Bent.
China — Hongkong; Wright n.593. Formosa; Playfair n. 134, Henry nn. 704, 1042.
Malaya — Java; Leschenault. Tonkin; Balansa n. 217,
Ins. Philippine; Blanco. Manila; Barthe.
Australia; R. Brown n. 5930, Cunningham n, 354; Xe.
Polynesia; late sparsa.
America; vulgatissima; ab Alabama usque ad Argentinam.
8. E. Chaetaria Roem. et Sch.
Hook, f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 6, p. 629; C. B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 34 [1898], p. 51.
— 85-—
Additional synonymy: Eleoch. Chaetaria, Moritzi Verz. Zoll. Pfl. p.96; Steud. in Zoll. Verz. Ind. Archip. heft 2, p. 62; Ridley in Journ. Singapore Asiat. Soc. n.23 [1891], p. 14. E. depauperata, Kunth Enum v. 2. p. 140. Scirpus Chaetarius, Spreng. Syst. v. 1, p. 203. Heleocharis setacea, Palla in Engler Jahrb. 10 [1888], p. 299. Throughout the island, usually in rice-fields. Additional Geography: Africa Tropica; Rara — Angola; Huilla, Welwitsch n. 6964. Djur; Schwein- furth n, 2583, Malaya — Java; Zollinger nn. 339, 636; Buitenzorg, Kurz n. 1845. Tonkin; Ba- lansa n. 182. Cambodia; Lebceuf n. 362. Ins. Philippine; Loher. America Galidior: vulgaris — a Mexico et Cuba usque ad Paraguay.
9. E. equisetina Pres.
Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 6, p. 629; C. B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 34 [1898], p. 48. Additional synonymy: E. equisetina, Ridley in Journ. Singapore Asiat. Soc. n. 93 [1891] p. 14. E. esculenta, Vieillard! in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 4, v. 16 [1832] p. 37; Paill. et Boiss. in Bull. Soc. Acclimat. ser. 4, v. L [1884] p. 905. Heleocharis equisetina, Naves in Append. Blanco Philipp. 1880, p. 306. H. plantaginea, Vidal Pl. Vase. Filip. p. 284. Lem Dan, in rice-fields. Additional Geography: Madagascar — Nossibé; Hildebrandt n. 2949 b. Philippines — Luzon; Cuming n. 1255. New-Caledonia; Vieillard n. 1496.
Fimbristylis Vahl. 10. BF. diphylla Vahl.
Hook. f, Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 6, p. 636; C.B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soe. v. 34 [1898], p. 57. Additional Synonymy:
F. diphylla, Nees iu Nov. Acta Nat. Cur. v. 19, Suppl. 1 [1843], p. 81; Benth. Fl. Hongk. p. 392, et Fl. Austral. v. 7. p.311 partim; Miquel in Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. v. 2 [1865—6], pp. 144, 211; Vidal Pl. Vase. Filip. p. 984; Drake Fl. Ins. Pacifici p. 332; Ridley in Journ. Singapore Asiat. Soc. n. 23 [1891], p. 10.
F. laxa, Kunth Enum, v. 2, p. 232.
F. gracilis, R. Br. Prod. Fl. Austral. p. 227.
F. paviflora R. Br. Prod. Fl. Austral. p. 227.
F. stricta, R. Br. Prod. Fl. Austral. p. 298.
F. variabilis, R. Br. Prod. Fl. Austral. p. 298.
F. elongata, R. Br. Prod. FI. Austral. p. 228.
F. Marianna, Gaud. in Freycinet Voy. p.413 (Var. & excl).
— 8 —
F. podocarpa, Benth. Fl. Hongk. p. 391.
F. communis, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. v. 3, p. 323.
F. ciliolata, Zoll. Verz. Ind. Archip. heft 2, p. 61.
F, ambigua, Steud. in Zoll. Verz. Ind. Archip. heft 2, p. 61; Mig. FI. Ind. Bat. v. 3, p. 324,
F. Goeringiana, Steud. Cyp. p. 118.
FF. circinnata, Steud. Cyp. p. 116; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. vy. 3, p. 324.
F. calocarpa, Steud. Cyp. p.117; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. v. 3, p. 328.
Taking Fimbristylis diphylla Vahl in the narrow sense (i. e. making it a narrower species than do Kunth and Boeckeler), it is perhaps the most widely-spread and the most abundant Cyperacea in the World — and has 150 names.
Lem Dan, in dry clayey soil near the sea. Additional Geography:
Europa — Valais; Schleicher. Meran; Thomas. Treviso, Reichenbach n. 2306; &c.
Asia Occid. — Lazistan; Balansa n.970 &c., usque ad Turkestan et Cabul.
Africa Trop; vulgatissima.
Africa Australis — Frequens, Drége n. 4371, 4373 &c.
Mascarenia; ubique vulgaris.
China; vulgaris.
Japonia; vulgaris.
Malaya — Tonkin; Balansa nn. 214, 2775. Anam; Turong, O. Kuntze. Cochin- china; Germain nn. 16, 96, 100, 102, Java; Zollinger n. 181, Horsfield n. 1072, &e. &c. Banca; Teysmann. Sumatra; Martens. Borneo; Motley nn. 66, 69, 87, &e. &e. Timor, Lumbok, &c.
Ins. Philippine; Cuming n. 558, Wichura mn. 1854, 2001.
Australia; vulgaris.
Polynesia; vulgaris.
Sandwich Ins.; vulgaris.
America = United States; frequens.
America Centralis cum West Indies; vulgatissima.
America Australis Tropica; vulgatissima.
Argentine et Monte Video; frequens.
11. EK. sericea R. Br. :
Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 6. p. 641; C.B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 34 [1898], p. 63.
Aditional synonymy:
F. sericea, Knuth Enum. vy. 2, p.244; Benth Fl. Austral v. 7, p. 319; Ridley in Journ. Singapore Asiat. Soc. n.13 [1891], } 10.
F. decora, Nees in Hook. et Arn. Beechey Voy. p. 225, in Nova Acta Nat, Gur. v. 19, Suppl. 1 [1843], p.83; Kunth Enum. v. 2, p. 240
Scirpus sericeus, Poir. Encycl. Suppl. v. 5, p. 99.
As yet received (by me) only from the sea-coasts. Klong Prao, on the sandy sea-shore. Additional Geography: Malay Peninsula — Singapore; Ridley n. 4. China — Amoy; Didrichsen n. 3044, Macao; Hance n. 10131. Hainan; A,
_ 37 —
Henry n. 8195. Formosa; A. Henry nn. 1007, 1008. Pakhoi; Playfair n. 86. Canton; Yvan; &c.
Japan; Faurie nn. 412, 6482, 11882 — Hakone et Nagasaki, Maximowicz.
Malaya — Java; Junghuhn. Pulu Condor; Staunton. Cuchinchina; Gaudichaud n. 74, Lebeeuf n. 824, Germain n. 19.
Australia Borealis; R. Brown n.5960. Portus Darwin; Schultz n. 602, Ins. Goulburn; Cunningham.
12. K. Hookeriana Boeck.
Hook. f. FI. Brit. Ind. v. 6, p. 641. CG. B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soe. v. 34 [1898], p. 62.
There are various collectors in India, but only 2 localities, 300 miles apart. In the Khasi locality, the plant is in large quantity, in the Chota Nagpore it is in considerable quantity.
In both localities, it grows in chinks in hard rocks that have got filled with sand. Several plants that grow in this habitat are also known from the ocean-margin. :
On rocks in the jungle near Klong Munsé.
Additional Geography: Only Koh Chang.
13. F. spathacea Roth. Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 6, p. 640; C. B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soe. v. 34
[1898], p. 62.
Additional synonymy:
F.. spathacea, Kunth Enum. v. 2, p. 246.
F. Wightiana, Knuth Enum. v. 2, p. 241; Benth. Fl. Hongk. p. 392.
F. glomerata, Kunth Enum. v. 2, p, 246; Benth. Fl. Austral. v. 7, p. 318 in nota'; Ridley in H.O. Forbes Eastern Archipelago [1885], pp. 43, 521.
F. pints, Moritzi Verz. Zoll. Pfl. p. 97; Steud. in Zoll. Verz. Ind. Archip. heft 2, p.61; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. v. 3, p. 327.
F. ciliolata, Steud. in Zoll. Verz. Ind. Archip. heft 2, p. 61; Mig. FI. Ind. Bat. v. 3, p. 317.
F. laevissima, Steud. in Zoll. Verz. Ind. Archip. heft 2, p. 61; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. v. 3, p. 324,
Isolepis glomerata, Schrader in Roem. et Sch. Syst. v. 2, Mant. p. 67. This is an abundant species, but I have received it only from the
Sea coasts.
Klong Sarlakpet, in humid plains. Additional Geography:
Africa, Insul. Occident. — Socotra; Balfour nn. 33, 310, Schweinfurth n. 620. Mauritius, Sieber n.21; &c. &c. Réunion; de l'Isle n. 129, Boivin n. 1003; &c. Seychelles; Horne nn. 210, 211, &c. &c.
China — Hongkong; Seemann n. 542; &c. Ins. Samtong; Wright n.589. For- mosa; Playfair n.136, Henry nn. 1071, 1071 A, 1834, 1860.
Malaya — Sumatra; Heyne. Java; Zollinger n. 2446, Schottmueller n. 496; &c. Borneo; Motley nn. 42, 190; &c. &c.
Ins. Philippine; Wichura n. 1857 bis; &c.
America; a West Indies usque ad Brasiliam Australem (Sao Paulo) in oris
maritimis communis.
= $8.
14. FB. pelytrichoides Vahl.
Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 6, p. 682; C. B. Clarke in Jown. Linn. Soc. v. 34 [1898], p. 54.
Additional synonymy:
F, polytrichoides, R. By. Prod. Fl. Austral. p. 226; Mig. FI. Ind. Bat. v. 3, p. 315 syn. excl.; Benth. Fl. Austral. v. 7, p.304; Hance in Journ. Bot. v. 16 [Lon- don 1878], p. 112.
F-. albescens, Steud. in Zoll. Verz. Ind. Archip. heft 2, p.61; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. v. 8, p. 316.
Abildgaardia Javanica, Steud. in Zoll. Verz. Ind. Archip. heft 2, p. 63, et Cyper p. 72; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. v. 3, p. 297, non Nees.
This is essentially a maritime plant, and I never collected it myself exept near the sea. But there are a few inland specimens, both in Africa and in India.
Throughout the island, in rice-fields and also in more dry places.
Additional Geography:
Africa Trop. — Zanzibar; Boivin. Usambara; Holst n. 2123.
China — Formosa; Henry n.1100. Fokien et Amoy; Hance n. 10153. Ins. Chusan; Didrichsen n. 3569.
Malaya — Java; Zollinger n. 3237. Ins. Philippine; Chamisso n. 129, Loher.
Australia Trop. — Carpentaria Sinus; R. Brown n. 5939.
15. F. ferruginea Vahl.
Hook, f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v.6, p. 638; C.B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 34 [1898]. p. 60.
Additional synonymy:
F. ferruginea, Decaisne in Nouv. Ann. Mus. v. 3 [1834], p. 362; Kunth Enum. v. 2, p.236; Nees in Hook. et Arn. Beechey Voy. p.312; Benth. Fl. Hongk. p. 391, FI. Austral. v.7, p. 312; Mig. in Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. v. 2 [1865—6], p. 144; Ridley in H. 0. Forbes Eastern Archip. [1885], p. 521.
F. tristachya, R. Br. Prod. Fl. Austral. p. 266; Kunth Enum. v.2, p. 242; Nees in Nova Acta Nat. Cur. v. 19, Suppl. 1 [1843], p. 76.
F. brevifolia, R. Br. Prod. Fl. Austral. p. 228.
F. cylindrostachya, Steud. Gyp. p.119 partim.
Isolepis ferruginea, Link Hort. Berol. v. 2, p. 315.
Campylostachys abbreviata, Drége Zwei Pfl. Docu. p.82; E. Meyer ms.
A very common species near the sea-coast; very much less common inland. Throughout the island, in rice-fields and in swamps. Additional Geography: Mediterranea — Madeira; Lowe. Teneriffe; Delessert. Egypt; Bové, Schwein- furth n. 646, Acherson nn. 558, 9346. Oviens — Arabia; Schweinfurth nn. 184, 199, Aucher-Eloy n. 5480. Palestine; Bové n, 387, Postian n, 2288. Susan; Haussknecht. Cabul; Griffith Kew n. 6325.
=
Africa; in oris omnibus, usque ad Caput Bonae Spei -- Djur; Schweinfurth n. 2121. Soudan; Oudney n. 4 Gallabat; Schweinfurth nn. 2035, 2037. Usam- bara; Holst n. 2129.
Mascarenia; frequens.
China — Hongkong; Hance nn. 1260, 7491, Harland n. 679. Pakhoy; Playfair n. 206. Formosa; Henry nn. 712, 733, 773, 1066,
Malaya — Java; Junghuhn, Martens. Borneo; Barber nn. 251, 362; &c.
Ins. Philippine; Chamisso n. 127, Loher. Australia — Carpentaria Sinus; R. Brown n. 5941; &c. America — Ins. Bahama; Eggers n. 4357,
West Indies; vulgaris.
America Astralis; a Panama usque ad Bahia.
16. F. miliacea Vahl.
Hook. f. FI. Brit. Ind. v. 6, p. 644; C.B. Clarke in Joun. Linn. Soc. v. 34 [1898], p. 65. , Additional synonymy:
F. miliacea, Kunth Enum., v. 2, p. 230; Steud. in Zoll. Verz. Ind. Archip. heft 2, p. 61; Hassk. Pl. Jav. Rar. p. 67; Benth. Fl. Hongk. p. 393, et FI. Austral. v.7, p. 316; Mig. in Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. v.2 [1865—6], pp. 145, 211; Boiss. Fl. Orient. v.5, p.390; Vidal Pl. Vasc. Filip. p. 284; Ridley in Forbes Eastern Archip. [1885], p. 521, in Journ. Singapore Asiat. Soc. n. 23 [1891], p. 11.
Scirpus miliaceus, Lour. Fl. Cochinch. [ed. Willd.] p.d5.
S. Niloticus, Blanco F1. Filip. p. 33.
Trichelostylis miliacea, Nees in Hook. et Arn. Beechey Voy. p. 226, et in Nova Acta Nat. Cur. v. 19, Suppl. 1 [1843], p. 84.
A rice-field weed. Klong Munsé, in rice-fields. Additional Geography:
Orient — Susan; Haussknecht.
Africa Trop. — Senegambia; Heudelot n. 212. Zanzibar; Boivin.
Mascarenia; vulgaris; Sieber nn. 25, 141; &c.
China; vulgaris — Canton; Sampson n. 272, Hance n. 1393. Hongkong; Wil- ford n. 368; &c. Pakhoi; Playfair n. 122. Ins. Formosa; Henry nn. 249, 786, 786 B, 1113; &c. Ins. Ghusan; Yvan.
Japonia; vulgaris; Oldham nn. 841, 912; &c.
Malaya — Tonkin; Balansa nn. 206, 2755. Cambodia; Lebeeuf. Anam; 0. Kuntze. Cochinchina; Germain nn. 99, 109. Java; Zollinger nn. 8, 73, 193, 451; &c. Borneo; Motley nn. 92, 991; &e.
Ins. Philippine; Cuming n. 564, Chamisso n. 130; &e.
Australia Trop.; frequens — Queensland; Amalia Dietrich nn. 651, 719: &c.
Polynesia — Timor; Gaudichaud, Leschenault. Amboina; Labillardiére. Bourou, Lahaie.
Ainerica Centralis; sparsa; Cuba, G. Wright n.3772. Guatemala; Bernouilli n. 435.
Guiana Anglica; Jenman nn. 2169, 4413, 4456; ec.
, 17. B. eymosa R. Brown. Prod. Fl. Austral. [1810], p. 228; Decaisne in Nouv. Ann. Mus. v. 3 [1834],
i
p. 361; Nees in Hook. et Ann. Beechey Voy. p. 98; Mig. FI. Ind. Bat. v. 3, p. 328; Benth. Fl. Austral. v. 7, p. 318; Hillebr. Fl. Hawaii p. 473; Drake FI. Ins. Pacifici p. 332. F. Marianna, Gaud. in Freycinet Voy. p.413 partim. F. multifolia, Boeck. in Linnaea v. 38 [1874], p. 397; Benth. Fl. Austral. v. 7, p. 319. Scirpus cymosus, Lam. Ill. v. 1, p. 141. Altogether a maritime, especially an insular species. Koh Kahdat, sandy sea-shore. Area: Japonia — Ins, Liu Kiu; ©. Wright n. 358. Malaya — Java; hb. Buitenzorg. Christmas Ins.: Lister. Australia Trop.; frequens; R. Brown n. 5959; «Ke. Polynesia; frequens — Samoa; Powell n. 55; &c. Sandwich Isles: Beechey, Hillebrand nn. 525, 526.
Var. 8 subeapitata C. B. Clarke ms. i.e.
F. wmbellato-capitata, H. Mann in Proc. Amer. Acad. v.7 [1867] p. 209; non Steud. F. cymosa Var. wmbellato-capitata, Hillebr. Fl. Hawai p. 473. F. pycnocephala, Hillebr. Fl. Hawai p. 473; Drake FI. Ins. Pacifici p. 333. F. Faulensis Guenth. in Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien p. 3, p. 252. Area: Ins. Philippine: Cuming n. 1433. Polynesia; frequens — New-Caledonia; Vieillard nn. 3326, 3397. Sandwich Isles — H. Mann n. 321; &ec.
Fuirena Rottb.
is. I. glomerata Lam.
Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 6, p. 666; C.B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 34 [1898], p. 86. Additional synonymy:
EF. glomerata, R. Br. Prod. Fl. Austral. p. 220; Decaisne in Nouv. Ann. Mus. v. 3 [1884], p. 360; Kunth Enum. v. 2, p. 184; Benth. Fl. Hongk. p. 396, et Fl. Austral. v. 7, p. 338; Ridley in Forbes Eastern Archip. [1885], p. 521. in Journ. Singapore Asiat. Soc. n. 23 [1891], p. 13.
F. arenosa, R. Br. Prod. Fl. Austral. p. 290.
F, Rottboelli, Nees in Hook. et Arn. Beechey Voy. p. 224; Steud. in Zoll. Verz. Ind. Archip. heft 2, p. 61.
F. striata Llanos Frag. Filip. p. 21.
FF. Hildebrandtit, Boeck. in Flora v. 65 [1889], p. 15.
Scirpus ciliaris, Linn. Mant. p. 182 et herb. propr.
Scirpus n. 73, Rottb. Deser. et Ic. p. 55, t. 17, fig. 1.
— Pluk. Alm. t. 417, fig. 6.
A rice-field weed in the Old World.
Klong Munsé, in humid plains.
— 9} —
Additional Geography: :
Africa Trop.; late sparsa — Senegal; Heudelot n. 556. Niger; Barter n. 2224. Socotra; Balfour n. 389. Loanda; Welwitsch n. 7107. Usambara; Holst nn. 2040, 2737.
Madagascar; Hildebrandt n. 3303.
China; frequens — Hongkong; Wilford n. 974, C. Wright n. 570. Macao; da Silva. Pakhoi; Playfair n. 121. Formosa; Henry n. 1084.
Japonia; in hb. Kew.
Malaya — Cochinchina; Lebeeuf. Java; Horsfield n. 1024, Junghuhn.
Ins. Philippine; Jagor n. 566, Gaudichaud n. 96. Macassar; Zollinger n. 3985. Australia Galidior; frequens; R. Brown n. 5987; &e.
Rynchospora Vahl.
19. BR. aurea Vahl.
Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 6, p. 670; C.B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 34 [1898], p. 89. Additional synonymy:
R. aurea, Beauv. FI. d’'Owar v. 2, p. 39, t. 81, fig. 2.
R. corymbosa, Britton in Trans. New York Acad. v. 41 [1892], p. 84.
Rhyne. aurea R. Br. Prod. Fl. Austral. p. 220; Kunth Enum. v. 2, p.293; Benth. Fl. Hongk. p. 39, et Fl. Austral. v. 7, p. 349; Miq. Fl. Ind. Batay. v. 3, p. 336, et Suppl. p. 262; Boeck in Linnaea v.37 [1873], p. 626; Vidal Pl. Vase. Filip. p. 285; Drake Fl. Ins. Pacifici p. 334.
R. articulata Kunth Enum. v. 2, p. 393; Moritzi Verz. Zoll. Pfl. p.98; Steud. in Zoll. Verz. Ind. Archip. heft 2, p. 61.
Cladium occidentale, Schrad. Fl. Germ. v. 1, p. 76 in Obs.: non Nees.
Chaetospora aurea, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. v.1, p. 931.
A common tropical weed, both in the Old and New World; not specially maritime, but widely scattered.
Klong Son, in a waterhole.
Additional Geography:
Africa Trop.; sat vulgaris —- Senegambia; Heudelot nn. 343, 687. Soudan; Schweinfurth nn. 1360, 3495. Angola; Welwitsch nn. 6844, 6845. Zanzibar; Hildebrandt n. 1282 &c. &c.
Natal; herb. Schinz.
Mascarenia; Bojer, Bory, &c.
China — Hongkong; Harland. Hainan; Henry n. 8551. Formosa; Henry n, 1843.
Malaya; sat freqnens — Cochinchina; Germain nn. 111, 112. Tonkin; Balansa n. 2779. Sumatra; Beccari n. 851. Java; Zollinger n. 270, Kurz n. 1864; Borneo; Motley nn. 310, 1299; &c.
Ins. Philippine; Guming n. 1763.
Australia; Sir J. Banks; &c.
Polynesia; vulgaris — New-Caledonia; Vieillard n. 1441. Tahiti; Forster n. 266.
America Centralis cum West Indies; frequens.
America Australis Tropica; vulgaris.
America Australis Temperata; usque ad Buenos Ayres.
_- 92
bye
Remirea Aublet.
20. R. maritima Aublet.
Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 6, p.678; U. B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 34 [1898], p. 93. Additional synonymy:
Remirea maritima Kunth Enum., v.2, p. 139; Benth. FL Austral. v. 7, p. 347; Ridley in Journ. Singapore Asiat. Soc. n. 23 [1891], p. 15.; Vidal Pl. Vase. Filip. p. 285.
Miegia maritima, Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 1, p. 311.
Mariscus pungens, Steud. Cyp. p.60; Mig. FI. Ind. Bat. v. 3, p. 288.
Mar. maritimus, Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. p. 600.
Cyperus Kegelianus, Steud. Cyp. p. 60.
I belive this to be altogether a maritime species. Baron n. 2601 is ticketed ,Central Madagascar‘; if this means the centre of the country, I suspect it to be erroneous. Throughout the Island, on sandy sea-shores. Additional Geography: Africa Trop — Sierra Leone; G. Don. Guinea; Thonning n. 377; &c. Nun Flumen; G. Mann n. 5384. Gongo (Ostia); Welwitsch n. 6990. Madagascar Gentralis; Baron n. 2601. China; Millett. Canton; Yvan. Malaya —- Java; Zollinger n. 2703. Bangka; Kurz n. 2735. Borneo; Motley n. 58, Beccari n, 2298. Cochinchina; Lebceuf n. 836. Ins. Philippine; Chamisso n. 168, Cuming n. 867. Australia; in ora orientali; Sir J. Banks; &c. Ins. Northunberland; R. Brown n. 5992. New-Guinea; Hollrung n. 506. America Gentralis — Tate n. 18, Fendler n. 339, Kegel n. 12682. America Australis Tropica; sat frequens; in ora orientali.
Hypolytrum L. C. Rich.
2L. H. Jatifolium L. C. Rich.
Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 6, p. 678; |. B, Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soe. v. 34 [1898], p. 93. Additional synonymy:
H. latifolium, Kunth Enum., v.2. p.271; Benth. Fl. Hongk. p. 389, et Fl. Au- stral. v. 7, p.339; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. v. 3, p. 333, et Ilustr. Fl. Archip. Ind. p. 58; Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 6282; Ridley in Jown. Singapore Asiat. Soc. n. 23 [1891], p. 15; vix. Boeck.
H. schoenoides, Moritzi Verz. Zoll. Pfl. p. 97; Steud. in Zoll. Verz. Ind. Archip. heft 2, p. 61,
H. diandrwm, Dietr. Sp. Pl. v.2, p. 365.
H. latifolium, Dietr. Sv. Pl. v.2, p. 365.
This is primarily a maritime plant. It is frequent on the sea coast; then for 250 miles island it is not collected; then, when we reach the lower ranges of the outer mountains, it reappears.
ee |, eee
In this case as in many others, there are half-a-dozen species admitted, which are so closely allied to Hypol. latifolium that they might be sunk in it (some have been so sunk by some authors); to do this would of course widen considerably the geographic range of the species.
Klong Munsé and Klong Majum. riverbanks in the jungle.
Additional Geography:
China — Canton; Hance n. 13868. Hongkong; Harland n. 1031, CG. Wright n. 569; &c. Formosa; Oldham n. 562.
Malaya — Sumatra; Marsden, Beccari n. 945. Java; Zollinger nn. 313, 380, 686; &c. Sunda Strait; Macartney. Tonkin; Balansa nn. 2759, 2760. Cochin- china; Germain n. 4.
Australia Boreal.-Orient.; Fitzalan, Dallachy.
Polynesia — Amboina; Forster. Ins. Admiralty; Mosely. Ins. Viti; Graeffe n. 1232, Wilkes.
Scleria Berg. 29, §, multifoliata Boeck. Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 6, p. 693; GB. Clarke in Journ. Linn, Soc. y. 34 [1898], p. 102.
Additional synonymy: S. multifoliata, Ridley in Journ. Singapore Asiat. Soc. n. 23 [1891], p. 18. S. tessellata, Brongn. in Duperrey Voy. Coquille pars 2 [1829], p. 164. S. scrobiculata, Zollinger ms. (partim). Carex Ambonica, Rumph. Herb. Amb. v. 6, p. 20, t. 8, fiy. 1.
This appears a maritime species — i.e. so far as known. Klong Munsé, riverbanks in the jungle. Additional Geography: Malaya — Java; Zollinger n. 470 partim, King. Borneo Borealis; Burbidge. Manila; Gaudichaud n.83. Timor Laut; Riedel.
93. S. levis Retz.
Hook. f. FI. Brit. Ind. v. 6. p. 694; C. B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soe, v. 34 [1898], p. 103. Additional synonymy: S. laevis, Moritzi Verz. Zoll. Pfl. p. 98; Steud. in Zoll. Verz. Ind. Archip. heft 2, p. 61; Benth. Fl. Hongk. p. 400; Hance in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 4, v. 18 [1862]. p. 232; Mig. FI. Ind. Bat. v. 3, p. 341; Ridley in Journ. Singapore Asiat. Soc. n. 23 [1891], p. 18.
This species is largely maritime; but, like Hypolytrum latifolium (& others), is reappears at the base of the Mountains, 250 miles from the sea.
Scleria levis Retz belongs to the group of Seleria which has (Hook. f. F]. Brit. Ind. v. 6, p. 692) ,Leaves (that is those next below the bracts) imperfectly opposite or ternate*. In the Koh Chang plants the uppermost leaves below the bracts are not imperfectly ternate. This leaf-character | consider as of smal] importance — except for a first sorting of Scleria. As to these plants, I have the same form from Borneo (Haviland n. 1917).
— 94 —
Plains near Klong Munsé. Additional Geography: China — Hongkong; Hance u. 2985. Malaya — Cochinchina; Germain. Java; Horstield, Zollinger n. 469 partim, Ploem. :
Carex Linn.
24, (. Indica Linn.
Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 6, p.714; C. B. Glarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 34 [1898], p. 114.
Additional synonymy:
I can give none. Because I have not worked up the Sect. ,Indicae* of Carex except as to the British India material.
I may state, however, that very few of the plants I see about in Herbaria marked C. Indica are the C. Indica Linn. (mihi); and that con- sequently the references to C. Indica Linn. in books are mostly wrong (unless the name be widened to include many of the allied species).
A species, primarily maritime, reappears in the lower hills, 250 miles from the sea.
Klong Munsé, Klong Majum (200 ft.), in the jungle.
Additional Geography:
Malaya — Cochinchina; Cay Ninh, Pierre n. 1881. Java; Zollinger n. 313. Borneo; Beccari nn. 2741, 3873 (= Var. Milnei). Borneo Borealis; Creagh (= Var. Milnei).
Polynesia — Timor; Macan, F. Newton (= Var. Milnei). Fiji, Ovolau, Milne nn. 274, 23, 16, 216, 173 (= Var. Milnei).
New-Caledonia; Gutope, Lenormand n. 3336 (== Var. Milnei). Kamala, Vieillard n. 3339 (= Var. Milnei).
Gramineae by E. Hackel — St. Pélten.
Coix L. 1. €. Lacryma lobi L. Spec. ed. I. 972.
Plains near Lem Dan. Area: Tropisches Asien, in Afrika u. Amerika cultiviert.
Dimeria Brown.
2. D. ornithopoda Trin. var. tenera Hack. in Mon. Androp. 81.
D. tenera Trin. Mém. Acad. St. Pétersb. Sér. 6, 2, 33d.
Rice-field near Lem Dan.
Area: Vorder- und Hinter-Indien, Malay. Archipel, Japan, trop. Australien.
Imperata Cyr. 3. IL. arundinacea Cyr. var. Koenigii Benth. Fl. Hongk. 419, cfr. Hack. Mon. Androp. 94. : I. Koenigit Beauv. Agrost. 168, Common in plains throughout the island, Koh Kahdat on the sea-shores. Area: Indien, S. Afrika, Malay. Inseln, China, Japan, Australien; andere Varietaten in Europa, Amerika ete. .
Pogonatherum Beauv.
4, P. saccharoideum @. monandrum Hack. Monog. Androp. 193.
P. crinitum Trin. Fund. 166; Pollinia monandra Spreng. Syst. 1, 288. Andropogon ecrinitus Thunb. Fl. Jap. 40, t.7. A. monandrus Roxb. Fl. Ind. I, 260.
Common on rocks in the jungle near Klong Munsé ascending to 700 feet.
Area: Indien, Malayische Halbinsel, Malay. Archipel, China, Japan, Austral.
Ischaemum L.
5. I. muticum L. Spec. pl. ed. I, p. 1049. Klong Prao, Koh Kahdat on sandy sea-shores. Area: Indien, Malay. Halbinsel, China, Australien.
_ 96 —
Andropogon L.
6. A. Sorghum var. vulgaris Hack. Monogr. Androp. 515.
Sorghum vulgare Pers. Syn. 1, 101.
Klong Savlakpet; in open places near the jungle; specimens 6—S feet high. Area: Cultiviert in allen wirmeren Landern.
Thysanolaena Nees.
7. T. acavifera Arn. & Nees in Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. XIX, Suppl. 1, 187.
Panicum acariferum Trin. Spec. Gram. t.87, Melica latifolia Roxb. FI. Ind. I, 328.
Lem Dan, in the edge of the jungle; specimens about 10 feet high.
Area: Vorder- und Hinter-Indien, Malay. Halbinsel, Malay. Archipel, dstl. bis New Guinea.
Paspalum L.
8. P. serobieulatum L. Mant. 1, 29. In sandy places near the village at Lem Dan. Area: In allen warmen Liandern.
9. P. longifelium Roxb. FI. Ind. 1, 280. P. Thunbergiit Kunth ex Steud. Syn. I, 28.
Plains at Lem Dan.
Area: Indien, Malayischer Archipel, Japan.
10. P. distichum L. Am. Acad. V, 391.
Abundant along the east coast of Koh Chang near the sea, in sandy shores or in mangrove swamps; Klong Prao, Lem Ngob. It has long rhizomes, creeping on the ground.
Area: In allen warmen Lindern.
Isachne Brown.
11. I. miliacea Roth. Nov. Pl. 58.
I. Meneritana Poir. Encycl. Suppl. Ul, 185. I. polygonoides Doell. in Mart. Fl. Bras. (I, 2, 273.
Plains at Lem Dan.
Area: Vorder- und Hinter-Indien, China, Malayische wu. australische Inseln, Stid-Amerika.
var. dispar.
I. dispar Trin. Spec. Gram. t. 6. In moist places near Lem Dan. Area: Vorder-Indien.
OF
12. I. Schmidtii Hack. n. sp.
Perennis. Culmi humiles, repentes, ad nodos radicantes, denique ascendentes, parte erecta vix ultra 6 em. alti, filiformes, subcom- pressi glabri, ad apicem usque foliosi, bast ramosi. Foliorum vaginae appressae, internodia plerumque superantes, superne longe ciliatae; ligula obsoleta, ciliata; laminae lanceolatae v. ovato-lanceolatae, acutae, 2—3 cm. longae, ad 6 mm. latae, rigidulae, patentes, mar- gine subincrassato albido scabro saepius plus minusve undulatae, subtus scabrae, supra laeves v. setulis paucis adspersae. Panicula parva (1—1,5 cm. lg.) pauper, lineari-oblonga, contracta, fere sub- spiciformis, densiuscula, ramis paucis stricte erectis rhachi sub- appressis laevibus basi breviter nudis, apice 1—-3-spiculatis, spicu- larum pedicellis inaequalibus, subterminalibus brevissimis, omnibus crassiusculis, apice dilatatis. Spiculae ovatae, 3—3,5 mm. longae, viridulae v. apice subcoloratae. Glumae steriles subaequales (inferior paullo longior), ovatae obtusae, nervis 7 tenuibus haud prominulis percursae, toto dorso setulis rigidis hispidae. Glumae fertiles aequa- les, quam steriles fere duplo breviores, (gl. I. 3,5mm, LI. 1,8 mm.), late ovales, obtusae, pallide flavo-virentes, dorso glabrae laevesque vel superne punctis sparsis setulisve paucis exasperatae, marginibus involutis superne molliter ciliolatae. Flores ambo hermaphroditi, antheris 1 mm. longis.
Species singularis, propter glumas steriles magnas (fertilibus fere duplo longiores), habitu humili et repente nulli nisi 2. Lisboae Hook. f. Fl. of Brit. Ind. VII, 22 affinis, quae autem differt (ex descriptione) paniculae ramis horizontaliter patentibus hispidis setulosis, glumis sterilibus hemisphae- ricis apice obtuse cuspidatis 5-nerviis, foliis ciliatis.
Klong Munsé, on riverbanks in the jungle.
Panicum L.
13. P. sanguinale L. var. timorense. P. timorense Kunth Syn. I, 88. Klong Prao; on sandy sea-shorex.
Area: Vidi ex insulis Timor (hb. Paris.), Amboina (Doleschall in h. Vindob.), Luzon (Chamisso in hb. berol.), Banca (Teysm.), Java (hb. Nees), Ceylon (Thwait. 861), Bourbon (Boivin 939), Isle au Tonnelier (Bory d. Vincent.).
14. P. heteranthum Nees et Mey. in Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. XIX, suppl. 1, 174.
Paspalum heteranthum Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. VIL, 16, exel. syn. Rayong, in sandy sea-shores. Area: Halbinsel Malacca, China.
15. P. Colonum L. Syst. ed. X, 870. Koh Kong, in dry sandy places.
Area: In allen warmeren Landern. Botanisk Tidsskrift, 24. Bind. 7
16. P. indicum L. Mant. 2, 184. Lem Dan, in moist places. Area: Tropisches Asien und Australien.
17. P. interruptum Willd. Sp. pl. 1, 341. In pools and ditches at Lem Dan. Area: Indien, Malayische Halbinsel, trop. Afrika.
18. DP. Ridleyi Hack. in Trans. Linn. Soc. Ser. 2, Bot. II, 401 (nomen). P. latifolivm Hook, f. Fl. Brit. Ind. VII, 39 non L. (ex parte).
Differt a P. latifolio L. (P. oryzoide Sw.) culmi nodis dense barbatis. (in latifolio glabris) laminis lanceolato-linearibus (nec late lanceolatis) basi rotundatis haud amplexicaulibus manifestius albo-marginatis, spiculis acutiusculis, gluma I spiculae °/s vel 8/4 (in latifolio medium) aequanti- bus, glumis Ill et IV sensim acutatis nec abrupte acuminatis.
Diese Art wurde von mir auf Grund der von Ridley bei Pulau Besar (Malacca) gesammelten Exemplare unterschieden, mit denen das auf Koh Chang gefundene ganz identisch ist. Spater sendete mir Ridley auch Exemplare von Pekan, welche ich ihm als eine ,forma minor‘ des P. Ridleyi bestimmte; ich sehe jedoch jetzt, dass sie besser zu P. latifolium u. zw. zu der in Indien verbreiteten Form dieser Art, die vielleicht als Varietaét abzutrennen sein wird, gehéren. Vielleicht lagen dem Verfasser der Flora of Brit. India eben solche Exemplare aus Malacca vor, wesshalb. er die Art mit P. latifolium L. identificierte. Letzterer Name, der vielfach theils fiir P. divaricatum L., theils fiir P. Walteri Poir. in Gebrauch stand, ist wohl mit Recht von Hooker fiir P. oryzoides Sw. (P. zizanioides H. B. K.) vorgezogen worden, denn Linné betont schon in der ersten Ausgabe der Sp. plant. die ,flores majusculi*, welche dem P. Walteri Poir. (P. latifolium Asa Gray etc.) nicht zukommen. Auf P. divaricatum passt seine Diagnose. , nicht im mindesten, und die Anwesenheit eines Exemplares desselben im Herb. Linné unter P. latifolium berechtigt nicht zur Ubertragung des Na- mens, denn auch P. oryzoides Sw. befindet sich als P. latifolium in Linné’s. Herbar. und nur auf dieses passt seine Beschreibung vollstandig.
Jungle near Klong Munsé.
19. P. ovalifolium Poir. Encycl. Suppl. IV, 279.
_ Ausser typischen Exemplaren wurde auch eine Form mit steiferen, beim Trocknen langs des Mittelnerves etwas zusammengefalteten Blittern. gesammelt.
Abundant in the jungle near Klong Munsé. aAvea: Vorder-Indien, Malacca. Malayischer Archipel, China, trop. Afrika.
20. P. sarmentosum Roxb. FI. Ind. I, 308 ex Hook. Fl. Brit. Ind. VII, 54.
P. concinnum Nees, P. incomptum Trin. Spec. Gram. Ic. t. 232.
On riverbank. near Lem Dan.
99 —-
Area: Assam, Khasia Berge, Burma, Malayische Halbinsel, Mal. Inseln, Tongkin, China. :
21. P. trigonum Retz. Obs. Ill, 9. Klong Majum, alt. 600 feet; in a dry riverbed. Area: Vorder-Indien, Malacca, Java.
22, P. pilipes Nees & Arn. in Miqu. Pl. Jungh. II, 376.
Klong Son, jungle. Area: Vorder- und Hinter-Indien, Malayiseher Archipel, Australien, Mada- gascar.
23. P. Schmidtii Hack. n. sp. e sect. VIII. Gibbosarum Hook. f. Fl. of Brit. Ind. VII, 56.
Culmus repens, deinde adscendens, gracilis, glaberrimus. Folio- rum vaginae arctae, internodia plerumque superantes, superne pilis basi tuberculatis plus minusve hirsutae, margine ciliatae; ligula membranacea, brevissima; laminae lanceolatae, acuminatae, basi rotundatae, utrinque (sed supra parcius) pilis appressis basi tuber- culatis hirtulae. Panicula oblonga, laxa, rhachi ramisque glaberrimis, his patulis capillaribus semel v. bis divisis, spicularum pedicellis (etiam subterminalibus) quam spicula 2—3-plo longioribus. Spiculae parvae (1,5 mm. longae) oblique trigonae a latere compressae, gib- bosae, obtusae, livide brunneae: gluma I spiculae medium aequans, ovata, obtusa, 3-nervis, laevis; II spiculae */; aequans, obovata, obtusa, 3-nervis, verrucis paucis glabris conspersa; III spiculam aequans, ovalis, obtusa, 5-nervis, verrucis crebris elevatis breviter piliferis obsita, vacua; IV@ spiculam aequans, trigona, valde gibbosa, laevis, albida.
Affine P. patenti L. (P. radicanti Retz., P. obliquo Roth), quod differt laminis basi subangustatis, spiculis glabris. Gluma III] verrucosa nostram speciem etiam a P. pilipede Nees distinguit, ceterum spiculis breviter pedi- cellatis diverso.
Plains near Klong Munsé.
Ichnanthus Beauv. 24, [. pallens Munro in Benth. Fl. Hongk. 414.
Panicum pallens Sw. Prodr. 23. Klong Majum, alt. 600 feet, in riverbed. Area: In allen tropischen Landern.
Oplismenus Beauv. 25. 0. compositus Beauv. Agrost. 54.
Panicum compositum L. Spec. Pl. 57.
Jungle near Klong Munsé. Area: In den meisten Tropenlindern (excl. Austral.)
— 100 —
Spinifex L. 26. Sp. squarrosus L. Mant. Il, 300. On sandy sea-shores. Klong Prao; Rayong. Area: Vorder- und Hinter-Indien, Java, Ghina.
Leptaspis Brown. 97. I. ureeolata Brown in Benn. Pl. Jav. rar. 23, t. 6. Pharus urceolatus Roxb. Fl. Ind. UI, 611. Klong Son, alt. 500 feet, in dense jungle. Area: Penang, Johore, Ceylon, Sumatra, Java.
Oryza L.
28. 0. sativa L. Spec. Pl. 333. Cultivated in all inhabited places within the area explored. Area: In Vorder-Indien und Pegu einheimisch, in allen Welttheilen cultiviert.
Coelachne Brown. 29. (. pulchella Brown Prodr. 187. Klong Son, in river-bed. Area: Tropisches Asien, Australien und Madagascar.
Var. simpliciuseula Hook. f. FJ. of Brit. Ind. VIL, 271.
C. simpliciuscula Munro ex Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. XIX, 93.
Klong Prao, in river-hed.
Avea: Nilgherries, Ceylon, Khasia Berge, Java, Tonkin, China, Madagascar.
Cynodon Pers. 30. €. dactylon Pers. Syn. 1, 85.
In dry places near Lem Dan. Area: In allen wirmeren Landern.
Eleusine Gaertn.
31. E. indiea Gaertn. In sandy places near Lem Dan. Area: Tropenlinder der alten Welt, sonst auch eingeschleppt.
Arundo L.
32. A. madagascariensis Kunth, Revis. Gram. I, 273, t. 48. Neyraudia madagasc. Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. VI, 305. Abundant in plains all over the island. Specimens up to 1¥ feet high.
Area: Tropisches Afrika, Madagascar, tropischer Himalaya, Khasia Berge. Assam, Penang, Burma, Malayische Inseln.
— 101 —
Eragrostis Beauv.
33. E. wunioloides Nees ex Steud. Synops. I, 264.
Poa unioloides Retz, Obs. V, 19; Eragrostis amabilis Wight & Arn. Abundant in moist Jow places near Klong Munsé.
Area: Im tropischen Asien verbreitet.
Lophatherum Brongn. 34. L. gracile Brongn. in Duperr. Voy. 50, t. 8 Riverbank in the jungle near Klong Munse.
Area: Vom tropischen Himalaya. den Khasia Bergen, Burma, Ceylon, die Malayische Halbinsel, China, Japan bis Neu Guinea.
Centotheca Desv.
35. (. lappacea Desv. in Nouv. Bull. Soc. Philom. II, 189.
Cenchrus lappaceus L. Spec. pl. ed. 2, 1448.
Common in the jungle throughout the island, especially in wet. places.
Area: Vordei- und Hinter-Indien, Malayischer Archipel, China, Polynesien, tropisches Afrika.
Lepturus Brown. 36. L. repens Brown, Prodr. 207. On sandy or rocky sea-shores; Klong Prav, Koh Lom. Area: Ceylon. Malayise e und pacifische Inseln, Australien.
Appendix: Bambuseae.
Es sind 2 Arten von Bambuseen in der Sammlung vorhanden; davon gehdrt die eine zur Gattung Bambusa, doch kann die Species nicht sicher bestimmt werden, da bloss Bliiten und keine Blatter vorhanden sind; die andere ist auch inbezug auf die Gattung zweifelhaft geblieben, da ausser Blattern nur sehr unentwickelte Ahrchen, an denen noch gar keine Bliiten- theile entwickelt sind, vorlagen.
Several species of Bamboo occur in Koh Chang often forming dense thickets.
— 102 —
Pteridophyta’) by H. Christ — Basel.
Ferns from Siam are rather scarce in the collections, and this Empire, between well known Burma and pretty well explored Tonkin, forms a blanc, which the Danish Expedition has diminished in a very satisfactory manner.
On account of the small size of Koh Ghang and its short di- stance from the mainland, | think we are right in supposing that the present fern-collection will be only a scanty extract of the flora of the Continent. Notwithstanding, it characterizes very well this region as a transitory one between the Malayan Peninsula and the most Eastern shores of Asia, in other terms: between the Monsoon flora and the Chinese flora.
On the whole the ferns of Koh Chang belong decidedly to the former, but some species will clearly show the influence of the datter: Alsophila podophylia, known from Hongkong, 8. W. China and Tonkin (Pére Bon), Brainea insignis, from S. W. China (Henry). Tonkin (Billet) to Assam are of this number.
As to rarities or endemic forms in an island of so small a size we might not expect many surprises. Nevertheless, the fern-flora of Koh Chang is by no means a poor one. Among the usual Malayan species we meet with Adiantum Bonit Chr., a native plant of Tonkin (Pére Bon) and closely allied to A. Levinge: Baker, Summary 27, of Sikkim, to A. Celebieum Chr., Ann. Buitenzorg XV, 1, of Celebes and to A. Hosei Bak. Journ. bot., 1888, 324, of Borneo; a subspecies of Gleichenia linearis Burm.: G. subpectinata n.sp., a new Tricho- manes Siamense, of the group of 7. rigidum Sw., the curious var. undulata (Wall.) of Gymnopteris costata (Wall.) rather rare in India, and var. Schmidtii of the common Acrostichum anreum lL. with very cuspidated leaves.
1) Selayinella determined hy Professor G. Hieronymus, Berlin.
— 103 —
Hymenophyllaceae.
Trichomanes. 1. T. Javanicum Blume Enum. PI. Jav. Fil. 294.
Plentiful on riverbanks in the jungle near Klong Munsé.
Area: A rather common terrestrial species throughout Malaya from Assam to Polynesia; also in Madagascar.
2. T. rigidum Sw. Our plant is very typical, with very thin segments. Riverbanks in the jungle by Klong Munsé and Klong Majum (700 ft.).
Area: A common terrestrial fern of tropical forests in Asia, Africa and America, also in Japan, N. Zealand and the Cape Colony.
3. T. Siamense Christ n. sp.
Differt a JT. rigido fronde non deltoidea, sed lanceolato-ovata, pinnis pinnulisque abbreviatis, pinnulis remotis, irregulariter et bre- viter lobatis 2'/s mill. latis, lobis vix 1 mill. longis obscure denticulatis, dentibus brevissimis subaristatis. Lamina crispata, textura coriacea,
*colore nigro. Urceolis paucis, liberis nec immersis, minimis, anguste cylindricis, margine angustissimo patente, receptaculo exserto.
Stipitibus fasciculatis rigidis flexuosis, 6 cent. longis, lamina vix 1 dec. longa, 4 cent. lata.
A subspecies of T. rigidum, but habit very different, like Hymeno- phyllum australe Spreng. (H. Javanicum B1.).
Riverbanks in the jungle near Klong Munsé (200 ft.).
4. T. pyxidiferum L. Besides typical specimens a very small form is met with.
Klong Sarlakpet, on damp rocks in the jungle near a waterfall (400 feet), Klong Majum, epiphytic (500 ft.). Area: A common epiphytic fern among mosses in all tropical countries.
5. T. Filicula Bory. Van Den Bosch Tab. 26, 27, 28. Jungle near Klong Son epiphytic on low trees, Klong Sarlakpet on rocks.
Area: Widely spread throughout the tropics of both hemispheres and fur- ther in S. Africa and Japan. Epiphytic among mosses.
6. T. nanum Van Den Bosch 2 Suppl. 122 sub Crepidomunes. T. Kurzii Beddome Handb. 40, Fig. 2.
Jungle. Klong Munsé, on stones in a riverbed.
Area: This very minute species is indicated from S. W. India and the Andamans, Assam and Tonkin (Pére Bon), but surely passed over in many other regions.
— 104 —
7. T. museoides Sw.
Very typical, with flabellate cuneiform fronds and 3 to 5 sori. Nipple (500 ft.) and Klong Son, epiphytic on low trees.
Area: Widely spread in all tropical regions. A small epiphyte on branches.
I am rather puzzled by the wanting of all Hymenophylla in the col- lection.
Polypodiaceae.
Chrysodium Fée.
8. (. aureum (L.) Fée. This species is represented from Koh Chang by a characteristic variety: Var. Schmidtii Christ n. var.
Well distinguished by the barren pinnae which are cuspidated i. e. tapering into a long linear very acute apex (long: 3 cent., large: hardly 2 mill.) of the shape called ,Traufelspitze* by Stahl.
I never saw this apparatus (a protection against overflowing rainfall) in this species so developed as here. The fertile pinnae have only the- short mucro very common in this plant.
Abundant throughout the island, most commonly in brackish water in the interior of mangrove-swamps.
Area: The species is nearly universal in brackish waters and estuaries of the tropics and farther to Florida.
Vittaria Sw.
9. Y. elongata Sw.
On trees and rocks near the Sea, Lem Dan and more southward off Koh Sarlak.
Area: Epiphytic on trees from S. W. and N. W. India to 8. China, not yet found in America.
Anthrophyum Kaulfs. 10. A. reticulatum Klfs, Klong Sarlakpet, on rocks in the jungle near a waterfall.
Area: Epiphytie on trees throughout the monsoon-region from N. India and Ceylon to Polynesia and N. Australia.
Taenitis Smith. 1). T. blechnoides Sw.
Terrestrial in the jungle near Klong Munsé. Area: A Monsoon-plant from Ceylon and N. India to Polynesia. Earth-fern.
— 105 —
Drymoglossum Pres.
12. D. piloselloides Pres]. Tert. Pterid. 227, Tab. 10.
Abundant throughout the island, on trees, especially near the Sea.
Area: An epiphytic creeper on trees, from N, and S. W. India to the Sunda-Islands (Java, 1. Raciborski).
Polypodium L.
13. P. nigrescens Blume Enum. fil. Jav. 127. Klong Sarlakpet (500 ft.), on rocks in the jungle. Area: A Monsoon-species from N. India and Ceylon to Eastern Polynesia.
14. P. sinuosum Wall. Catal. 2231. Mouth of Klong Majum, Koh Saket, on low trees.
Area: One of the most interesting species, whose ample rhizome is inhabited by ants like Myrmecodium, creeping on trees, from Perak and the Malaceca-States to Java and Western Polynesia, not common. It is not really allied to P. longifolium Mett. nor to the other simple Polypodia of the Lineare- group, but to the pinnatifid species with ,myrmecophile* rhizomes and often with large peltate scales: P. Sarcopus De Vriese and Teysm. Hook. Synops. Ed. II, 514. P. lomarioides Kunze, Lecanopteris carnosa Blume, L. pumila Blume fil. Jav. Tab. 94 B. P. sinuosum also, occasionally, has lobed and even pinna- tifid leaves.
15. P. punetatum (L. Spec. Plant. 1524 sub Aecrosticho). P. ireoides Lamarck Hook. Synops. Ed. II, 360.
Klong Munsé, Klong Sarlakpet, Koh Kong; on rocks in the jungle.
Area: Tropical forests of E. and W. Africa and India to N. Australia and Polynesia, frequent, on trees.
Niphobolus Kaulfs.
16. N. aerostichoides (Sw. Syn. fil. 29,225 sub Polypodio). On trees in the jungle near Klong Munsé, Koh Saket.
Area: Malayan shores from Ceylon and Malacca to N. Australia and the Philippines. Epiphytic.
17. N. adnaseens (Sw. cit. 25, 228 sub Polypodio).
Abundant throughout the island, usually on low trees, more rarely on rocks.
Area: Very common throughout the Malayan region from N. India and Ceylon to W. Polynesia; also in Réunion and W. Africa. Epiphytic.
Platycerium Desv. 18. P. biforme Bl.
— 106 —
Throughout the island in the jungle on tall trees.) Area: Malay Peninsula through the larger Sunda-Islds. to the Philippines.
Drynaria Bory. 19. D. Linnaei Bory Ann. Sc. Nat. 1,5, 464, Tab. 12.
Abundant throughout the island, epiphytic.
Area: Epiphytic on large trees. Malayan region from Ceylon to N. Au- stralia and E. Polynesia. Scattered and rather difficult to distinguish from the more common D. quercifolia (L).
Adiantum L.
90. A. Bonii Christ in Journ. de Botanique 16. Apr. 1894. Nipple, on rocks in the jungle, ascending to 2000 ft.
Area: A species of rather weak characters, allied to some other species of E. Asia; gathered in Tonkin by Pére Bon.
Onychium Kaulfs.
21. 0. auratum Kifs. Terrestrial in open jungle near Lem Dan.
Area: An earth-fern of open grounds from N. India, S. China and the Malayan region to the Philippines.
Pteris L. 22. P. quadriaurita Retz. ; Our plant is the lusus bicolor, with a white area along the rachises. Klong Sarlakpet, dry riverbed in the jungle. Area: Tropical regions of the World, common, earth-fern of open grounds.
var, biaurita (L. as a species). Plains at Lem Dan, in dry, clayey soil. Area. With the precedent.
var. Grevilleana (Wall. Catal. 2680 as a species).
Differing from the type by a short deltoid and 5-partite barren frond and an elongated almost normal fertile one.
Terrestrial in open ground near Lem Dan. Area: Scattered through the Monsoon-region.
23. P. longifolia L. Lem Dan, terrestrial in the edge of the jungle.
Area: Very frequent in all tropical, subtropical and warmer regions of the world to the S. shores of the Mediterranean. Earth-fern.
1) Specimens named by Johs. Schmidt.
0
24. P. asperula J. Smith Enum. fil. Philipp. n. 115 in J. W. Hook. Journ. bot. 1841.
Klong Son, terrestrial in damp jungle.
Area: Scattered and rather rare from Assam to the Philippines. Earth- fern.
25. DP. tripartita Sw. P. marginata Bory. Koh Kahdat, terrestrial in the jungle.
Area: Frequent from S. India and 8. China to Polynesia and N. Australia. Also in E. and W. trop. Africa. Earth-fern in forests.
Blechnum L.
96. B. orientale L. Klong Munsé. along riverbanks in the edge of the jungle.
Area: Very common from India and S. China throughout the Malayan region. to N. Australia and Polynesia. A large earth-fern of open grounds.
Brainea J. Sm.
27. B. insignis Hook. Synops. Ed. II, 390. Nipple, about 2000 ft., in open jungle. A small (1—2™), handsome fern-tree.
Area: A small fern-tree from Assam (Chittagong) to Tonkin (Bon, Billet), S. China: Hongkong, Yunnan (Henry). Our Siamlocality is a good connecting link between the older stations of this curious fern, whoxe relation to Blech- num is well determined.
Stenochlaena J. Smith. 28. §. palustris (L. sub Polypodio).
Lem Dan, Koh Lom, climbing on trees in open jungle and also in the sea-shore on rocks or sandy ground. :
Area: A frequent gigantic creeper on trees in the forests from N. and S. India, 8. China throughout the Malayan region to N. Australia and Polynesia.
Lomariopsis Feée. 28. LL. sorbifolia (L. Spec. plant. 1596 sub -derosticho). Climbing on trees in the jungle, Klong Munsé, Koh Chang Noi. Area: A very frequent large creeper of nearly all tropical countries.
Asplenium L. 30. A. laserpitiifolium Lamarck Encycl. Il, 310. Koh Kahdat, epiphytic in open jungle. Area: A earth-fern of the whole Malayan region from Assan to N, Au- stralia and Polynesia.
— 108 —
31. A. pellucidum Lamarck Encyclop. Hl, 306. 4. Airtium Kaulf, Enum. fil. 169.
Lem Dan, on rocks near the Sea.
Area: A Malayan plant from Malacca to $. China, the Philippines and W. Polynesia, and also in Madagascar and its Satellites.
32. A. voleanienm Blume Enum. fil. Jav. 176.
A specimen with very short sori, otherwise typical. Terrestrial; jungle near Klong Munsé.
Area: Sunda-Islands, earth-fern and epiphytic.
33. 4. Grevillei Wall., Hook. Sp. Il, 80.
Jungle near Klong Munsé on tall trees. Aspleniwun MNidus-like epiphytic ferns are very common throughout Koh Chang and adjacent islands.
Area: Epiphytic on trees. Scattered within the area of A. Nidus L. and perhaps a mere variety of it with narrow and decurrent leaves.
Diplazium Sw. 34. D. Bantamense Blume Enum. 191.
Jungle near Klong Muunsé, terrestrial. Avea: Malayan region from N. India and 8. China to W. Polynesia.
35. D. silvatiewm Prsl. Relig. Haenk. I, 12.
Klong Munsé, terrestrial.
Area: Common in India and the whole Malayan region; also in trop. America and trop, Africa. :
Aspidium Sw. 36. A. (Sagenia) variolosum Wall. Cat. 378. Beddome Handbook Tab. L111. North-end of Koh Chang, on rocks near the Sea; Klong Majum (alt. 700 ft.) on rocks in the jungle. Area: Scattered through the Malayan region from Assam eastward.
37. A. (Lastrea) sagenioides Metten. Asp. 113. Klong Munsé and Lem Dan, on rocks. Area: From Perak and Malacca to the Sunda-Islands.
38. A. (Lastrea) setigerum Blume Enum. 138 sub Cheilanthe. A. te- nericuule Hook. Sp. 1V, Tab. 169. 4. wliginoswm Kunze Mett.
Jungle near Lem Dan, terrestrial.
Area: Rather frequent throughout the Malayan region to W. Polynesia, China and Japan.
— 109 —
39. A. (Nephrodium) pennigerum Beddome Suppl. 74 non Blume nec Hook. v. malayense Bedd. cit.
One of the present specimens is a form with very short pinnae.
Klong Munsé and Klong Sarlakpet, on rocks in the jungle.
Area: Malayan shores (no exact information about the distribution).
40. A. (Nephrodium) parasiticum (L. sub Polypodio). A. molle Sw. Syn. fil. 49.
Jungle near Klong Munsé, terrestrial.
Area: Very common throughout all tropicai regions to Algeria and the Canary Islands. Earth-fern of moist ground.
41. A. (Nephrodium) extensum Blume Enum. Jav. fil. 156. Jungle near Lem Dan, terrestrial.
Area: Malayan region from N. India and Ueylon to the Philippines. A arge earth-fern.
Meniscium Schreb. 49, M. triphyllum Sw. Syn. fil. 19. 206.
Klong Son, on riverbanks in the jungle. Area: Malaya from N. and S. India to China and the Philippines.
Gymnopteris Bernh.
43. G. costata (Wall. Cat. 26 sub <Acrosticho) Beddome Handb. 438. var. undulata (Wall. Cat. 26 sub Notholaena).
Klong Sarlakpet, riverbed in the jungle.
Area: The type grows in N. India, Nepal, Chittogong to Burma, the va- riely is only quoted from Burma. Earth-fern.
Polybotrya H.B. Kth. 44. DP. (Egenolfia Schott.) appendiculata Willd. Spec. Plant. 114.
Jungle near Klong Munsé, terrestrial. Area: Malayan region from India to 8. Ghina and the Philippines. Earth-fern. var. Helferiana Kunze. Hook. synops. Ed. Il, 4105.
Small, the fertile frond with beadlike very short pinnae; the setaceous bristle between each crenature of the barren pinnae almost wanting.
North-end of Koh Kong.
Nephrolepis Schott.
45. Nexaltata (L. Spec. Plant. 1548 sub Polypodio). Koh Kahdat, in damp jungle, terrestrial. Area: Tropics of both hemispheres.
— 110 —
46. N, acutifolia (Desv. Mem. Soc. Linn. 2, 312 sub. Lindsaya). Lind- saya lanuginosa Wall.
North-end of Koh Chang in the jungle, terrestrial. Area: Epiphytic upon trees of the Malayan region from the Peninsula to N, Australia, also in trop. Africa.
Lindsaya Dryand.
47, I ensifolia Sw.
Jungle near Klong Munsé (700 ft.), and north-end of Koh Chang, on rocks. Area: The whole Monsoon-region from India and S. China to N. Australia and W. Polynesia, and in trop. W. and E. Africa including Madagascar.
48. L. orbiewlata (Lamarck sub <Adianto) Hook. Spec. fil. 1, 211. L. flabellulata Dry. Hook. synops. Ed. Il, 107.
Some of the present specimens are seedlings with very inciso-crenate pinnae.
Klong Munsé in the jungle, growing in chinks in the rocks. Area: From N. India, S. China and Ceylon through Malaya to N. Australia.
49. L. heterophylla Dryand. Beddome fil. South Ind. Tab. 25.
Nipple, 20v0 ft. Area: Malaya from Ceylon, 5. India and S. China to the Sunda-Islands.
5U, b. eultrata Sw. Synops. fil. 119.
Terrestrial, in the jungle near Klong Munsé. Area: N. and S. India to the Philippines and N. Australia; Madagascar and Réunion. .
Stenoloma Feée.
Sl. S. tenuifolia Sw. sub Davallia.
Jungle near Klong Son, on rocky riverbanks. Area: A very common terrestrial fern in trop. Asia to China, Japan and Polynesia. Also in Madagascar and its satellites. .
Davallia Sinith. 52. BD. elegans Sw. wal _ Jungle near Klong Munsé, on low trees. Area: Common in the Eastern Monsoon-region to Polynesia and N. Au-
stralia, but not in the Western Indian Peninsula; also in trop. W. Africa and Madagascar. Epiphytic, chiefly on palms.
53. D. solida Sw.
Jungle near Klong Sarlakpet, epiphytic. Area: Frequent throughout Malaya from the Peninsula to Polynesia. Epiphy tic. =
— iti —
54. D. repens (L. suppl. sub Adianto). D. pedata Smith act. Taur. 5. 414.
Nipple (1200 ft.), epiphyte on low trees in the jungle; Klong Munsé on rocks in the jungle.
Area: N. India throughout Malaya to Japan, N. Australia and the Mas- carene-Islands. A creeper on branches.
Microlepia Prsl. 55. M. pinnata (Cav. praelect. 689 sub Davallia)
Jungle near Klong Munsé, on rocks in riverbed. Area: Malaya from the Peninsula to Polynesia.
Cyatheaceae. Cibotium Link.
56. €. Barometz Link fil. Sp. 166.
Specimens with only two (seldom more) sori at the base of each segment. Klong Majum and Klong Munsé, on riverbanks in the jungle.
Area: Fern-tree from N. E. India and S. China to the Philippines and Sunda-Islands. According to a photograph kindly sent me, this fern grows in Koh Chang up to a splendid size.
Alsophila R. Br. 57. A. pedophylla Hook. il Cent. ferns Tab. 66.
Klong Munsé, plentiful on riverbanks in the jungle. Area: §, China and Tonkin (1. Bon). Stem very short or none.
Gleicheniaceae. Gleichenia Sm. 58. & linearis (Burm. Fil. Ind. 235, Tab. 67 sub. Polypodio). G. dichotoma (Thunbg. Japan, Tab. 37 sub Polypodio).
Nipple (2000 ft.) in open jungle, Klong Sarlakpet in dry spots near the Sea.
Area: Very common throughout the tropics of the globe and in Japan, S. America and the Pacific. Earth-fern often forming large masses.
59. G, subpectinata Christ n. sp.
Magna, rhizomate late repente, stipite valido, 1 metr. et ultra longo digiti minoris crassitie, laevi, polito, brunneo-rufo, dichotomo, duobus ramis valde elongatis flexuosis, pinnis petiolatis geminatis, petiolis 8 cent. longis, ad insertionem aut haud procul ab insertione petioli duabus pinnulis minoribus adventiciis instructis, versus basin
— 112 —
et apicem attenuatis late lanceolatis 8—10 cent. longis 11/2 cent. latis, lobis usque ad rachim incisis lineari-lanceolatis obtusiusculis saepe retusis recte patentibus glabris, margine integris, planis supra atroviridibus infra valde coeruleo-glaucis, textura tenuiter herbacea, soris numerosis luteis aut fuscis, sporangiis 10 ad 20.
A subspecies of the former, resembling G. pectinata Prsl. as to the
pairs of small attenuate pinnae, and the zigzag-branched very strong stipes.
G. linearis has larger coriaceous pinnae with a dilated base of the
pinnae, whose lowest lobi are increased and often deeply cut.
Klong Majum (alt. 500 ft.) and Klong Munsé, on riverbanks in the jungle.
60. G. laevigata Willd. G. flagellaris Spr. Nipple (2000 ft.) in open jungle. Area: A Malayan fern from Madagascar and its satellites to Polynesia.
Schizaea Smith. 61. 8. digitata Sw. Syn. fil. 150, 380. Open jungle near Klong Son (1200 ft.). Area: Scattered from India to W. Polynesia. Earth-fern of grassy spots.
62. §. dichotoma Sw. Klong Prao in sandy spots near the mouth. Area: 5. India, Malaya to Australia, New-Zealand, Polynesia and the Mas-
carenes.
Also
Lygodium Sw. 63. L. microphyllum R.Br. Prodr. fl. Nov. Holl. 162.
Common at Lem Dan, in open grassy country.
Area: A large climber, frequent from N. India and 8. Ghina to N. Australia. in W. Africa.
64. L. flexnosum Sw. Syn. fil. 153. Lem Ngob, Lem Dan, common in open grassy country. Area: A very large climber of the same area.
65. L. cireinatum Sw. Syn. fil. 153. On rocks in the jungle near Klong Munsé, Area: A gigantic climber of about the same region (not African).
Marattiaceae.
Angiopteris Hofiin. 66. A. eveeta Hoffm.
— 113 —
Hills near Klung.
Area: A very large earth-fern of the whole Malayan region from E. Poly- nesia and M. Australia to N. India, 8. China, Japan, Ceylon and Madagascar.
Parkeriaceae.
Ceratopteris Brongniart.
67. €. thalictreides (L. Spec. Plant. 1527 sub Acrosticho). Common in pools and rice-fields throughout the area explored. Area: Water fern, universal in tropical regions in ponds, tanks ete.
Lycopodiaceae. Lycopodium L.
68. UL. cernuum L. Lem Dan, Klong Son, in open grassy country.
Area: Universal throughout the warmer regions of the globe to the Azores, Japan, the temperate Pacific islands, and S. Africa. Earth-fern.
69. L. carinatum Desv. Encycl. bot. suppl. III, 559.
258 g is a very elongated form with rather obscure carina. Koh Kong and Koh Kahdat on low trees in the jungle.
Area: The Monsoon-region from §. India to Polynesia. Epiphytic.
Selaginellaceae
by G. Hieronymus — Berlin.
Selaginella.
70. S. argentea (Wall.) var. rubescens Hieron. non var. Differt a forma typica caulibus foliisque rubescentibus.
Klong Majum, alt. 700 ft.. on rocks in the jungle. Area: Indochina.
71. §. siamensis Hieron. n. sp.
E subsectione Microphyllarum sectionis Heterophyllarum ; caulibus longe et late repentibus, subteretibus, parum compressis, radiciferos teretes rubescentes ramosos usque ad 2 dm. longos gerentibus, re- mote foliosis; foliis parum heteromorphis; lateralibus e basi cordata utrinque auriculata (auriculis rotundatis) ovatis, longe cuspidatis (cuspide integro usque ad 1 mm. longo), inaequilateralibus; semi- facie apicem caulis versus spectante latiore, margine ciliis numerosis usque ad 0,08 mm. longis ornata; semifacie altera basin caulis ver-
Botanisk Tidsskrift. 24, Bind. &
— 1144 —
sus spectante angustiore, basi solum et in auricula ciliis similibus ornata; foliis lateralibus maximis caulis c. 3 mm. longis (cuspide incluso, auriculis vix 1/2 mm. longis exclusis); foliis intermediis basi infera (externa) late auriculatis (auricula truncata pilis paucis brevi- bus dentiformibus margine ornata), basi supera (interna) brevius auriculatis (auricula rotundata), margine supero ubique ciliolis vix usque ad 0,06 mm. longis ornatis, apice longe cuspidatis (cuspide usque ad 0,75 mm. longo); foliis intermediis maximis c. 2'/4 mm. longis (cuspide incluso, auricula externa exclusa); ramis primariis vix ultra 6 cm. longis parce pimnatim ramosis; ramis secundariis utrinque 2—3 repetito dichotome ramosis, ambitu ovato-rotundatis; ramulis ultimis (foliis lateralibus inclusis) c. 2 mm. latis; foliis ra- morum ramulorumque omnium caulinis similibus, sed valde approxi- matis imbricatisque et multo minoribus; foliis intermediis margine externa saepe eciliatis. Spicae desiderantur.
Obgleich an den Exemplaren keine ahren vorhanden sind, so diirfte doch die Stellung dieser neuen Art in der Gruppe der Microphyllae gesichert sein. Im Habitus ist dieselbe der S. Yemensis (Sw.) Spring non Baker (syn. S. somaliensis Baker) ahnlich, sowie auch der S. mongholica Rupr., sie unterscheidet sich von denselben, durch die etwas _platigedriickten Hauptstengel, die langen oft roth gefarbten Wurzeltriger, die nicht mit weissem sclerenchymatischem Rande, aber mit langer Spitze versehenen Blatter und noch andere Kennzeichen.
Nipple, alt. 2000 ft., on rocks in open jungle.
72. §. plumea Spring Monogr. II, p. 136. Abundant in riverbanks in the jungle near Klong Munsé. Area: Malay Peninsula.
73. S. eaulescens (Wall.) Spring Monogr. IJ, p. 158 f. minor, Klong Sarlakpet (alt. 700 ft.), Klong Son (alt. 1000 ft.), on rocks in the jungle. Area: Himalaya, Indochina, Malesia.
— 115 —
Bryales by V.F.Brotherus — Helsingfors.
Dicranaceae.
Leucoloma Brid.
1. L. siamense Broth. n. sp.
Dioicum; gracile, caespitosum, caespitibus densiusculis, late extensis, laete viridibus, aetate fuscescenti-viridibus, nitidis; caulis 1—2 cm. altus, adscendens, tenuis, niger, inferne fusco-radiculosus, densiuscule foliosus, superne dichotomus vel simplex; folia falcata, sicca vix mutata, canaliculato-concava, e basi anguste lanceolata sensum longe et tenuiter subulata, usque ad 5 mm. longa, basi c. 0,4 mm. lata, marginibus erectis, summo apice minute serrulatis, limbata, limbo hyalino, angusto, superne sensim tenuiore, usque ad apicem continuo, nervo angusto, cum apice evanido, dorso laevi, cellulis minutis, quadratis, chlorophyllosis, laevibus, basin versus sensim longioribus, basilaribus anguste linearibus, alaribus magnis, numerosis, fusco-aureis. Caetera ignota.
Species distinctissima, pulchra, quoad foliorum areolatione cum L. Renauldit Broth. comparanda, sed statura paulum robustiore, caespitibus nitidis foliisque falcatis faciliter dignoscenda.
Klong Munsé, common jn the jungle on rocks exposed to the sun.
Garekea C. Mill. 2, G, phascoides (Hook.) C. Miill. in Bot. Ztg. 1845, p. 865.
Jungle near Lem Dan, on riverbank. Area: From British India to Tonkin, Sumatra and Java.
Leucobryaceae.
Leucobryum Hamp. 3. L. Bowringii Mitt. Musc. Ind. or. p. 26.
Klong Munsé, Klong Son, common on rocks and also on trees, ascending to
700 ft. Area: Hongkong, Khasia, Ceylon and Sumatra.
4. 1. sanctum (Brid.) Hamp. Klong .Munsé, on rocks in the jungle.
Area: Nepal, Singapore, Sumatra, Java, Banca, Borneo and Celebes. 8*
— 116 —
m
5. L. brachyphyllum Hamp. in Linnaea XIII, p. 42. Klong Munsé, on rocks in the jungle, alt. 700 ft. Area: Queensland and New South Wales.
Ochrobryum Mitt. 6. 0. Kurzianun Hamp., Besch. in Journ. de Bot. 1897.
Jungle near Klong Munsé, on rocks, forming small orbicular, circumscribed tussocks,
Area: Burma and Pegu.
Octoblepharum Hedvw.
7. 0. albidwm (L.) Hedw. Musc. Frond. Ill, p. 15.
Koh Sarlak, on rocks; Lem Dan on cultivated Artocarpus; Klong Sarlakpet, on trees in the jungle.
Area: Widely distributed in all tropical parts of the World.
Arthrocormus Doz. et Molk. 8. A. Schimperi Doz. et Molk. M. frond. inedit. Archip. ind. p. 76.
Jungle near Klong Munsé, on trees. Area: Java, Borneo, Amboina and Philippines.
Leucophanes Brid.
9. L. glaucescens C. Miill. Jungle near Lem Dan, on dry stones. Area: Philippines.
Fissidentaceae. Fissidens Hedw.
10. F. silvaticus Griff. Not. p. 429. — F. javanicus Doz. et Molk. Bryol. jav. t. 3. Jungle near Klong Son.
Area: Himalaya, Khasia, Madras, Java.
11. FE. Mittenii Par. Ind. bryol. p. 477. F. crassinervis Thw. et Mitt. in Journ. Linn. Soc. 1872, p. 323 nec Lac. Sp. nov. M. Archip. Ind. p. 3.
Jungle near Klong Munsé, on dry rocks. Area: Ceylon.
12. BE. Zippelianus Bryol. jav. I, p. 2. Jungle near Lem Dan, on rocks. Area: Hongkong, Java and Sumatra.
— 117 —
13. F. (Ewfissidens) siamensis Broth. n. sp.
Tenellus, caespitosus, caespitibus densiusculis, late extensis, viridissimis, haud nitidis; caulis vix ultra 5 mm. altus, cum foliis c. 1 mm. latus, basi fusco-radiculosus, dense foliosus, simplex; folia sicca falcatula, humida stricta, erecto-patentia, infima minuta, supe- riora oblongo-ligulata, obtusiuscula, mucronata, integerrima, lamina vera ultra medium folii producta, limbata, limbo saepe superne dissoluto, lamina dorsali ad basin nervi enata ibidemque rotundata, elimbata, nervo pellucido, lutescente, breviter excedente, cellulis minutis, c. 0,007 mm., rotundatis, chlorophyllosis, papillosis, obscuris. Caetera ignota.
Species pulchra, cum F. Holliano Doz. et Molk. comparanda, sed minutie, foliis densioribus, brevioribus, obtusiusculis, mucronatis optime diversa,
Jungle near Klong Munsé, on rocks.
14. BF. (Eufissidens) papillulosus Broth. n. sp.
Dioicus; pusillus, gregarius, pallide viridis, haud nitidus; cau- lis 2—3 mm. altus, basi fusco-radiculosus, laxiuscule foliosus, sim- plex; folia 5-juga, sicca homomalla, humida erecto-patentia, infima minuta, superiora lanceolata, acuta, usque ad 1,2 mm. longa et 0,3 mm. lata, superne minutissimi serrulata, lamina vera ad medium folii producta, limbata, limbo angusto, lamina dorsali ad basin nervi enata, nervo crassiusculo, lutescente, cum apice evanido vel brevis- sime excedente, cellulis angulato-rotundatis, c. 0,007 mm., minute papillosis, pellucidis; seta 2—-3 mm. alta, tenuis, rubra, laevissima; theca suberecta vel inclinatula, minuta, ovalis. Caetera ignota.
Species F’. axillifloro Thw. et Mitt. affinis, sed inflorescentia foliisque angustius limbatis, cellulis minutius papillosis ideoque pellucidis digno- scenda.
On limestone-rocks in open country at Lem Dan.
Syrrhopodontaceae.
Syrrhopodon Schwaegr. 15. 8. subeonfertus Broth. n. sp.
Dioicus; gracilis, caespitosus, caespitibus densis, lutescentibus, inferne albicantibus; caulis vix ultra 1 cm. altus, erectus, inferne parce radiculosus, dense foliosus, simplex vel plus minusve ramosus, ramis erectis, fastigiatis; folia erecto-patentia, e basi elongate ellip- tico-oblonga breviter linearia, acuta, 1,9—2,1 mm. longa, basi 0,19 —0,3 mm. lata, marginibus ubique erectis, in parte vaginante inte- gris, in parte laminali minute serrulatis, limbata, limbo hyalino vel lutescente, superne tenuiore, nervo breviter excedente, in parte laminali dorso dense aculeato, cellulis basilaribus laxis, hyalinis, ultra vaginam adscendentibus, laminalibus parvis, rotundato-quadratis, chlorophyllosis, papillosis. Caetera ignota.
— 118 --
Species S. conferto Lac, simillima, sed foliis nervo dorso dense acu- leato optime diversa.
Jungle near Klong Munsé, on trees.
16. S. spiculosus Hook. et Grev. in Brewst. Edinb. Journ. of Se. Hl, p. 226.
Jungle near Lem Dan, on trees. Area: Singapore, Sumatra, Banca, Labuan and Borneo.
Calymperes Sw.
A. Cancellinae rectangulares. — Aa. Teniolae ultra vaginam productae. — Aaa. Folia acuta: C. acuminatum. — Aaf. Folia obtusa — Aa fl. Folia lamellata: C. robustiusculum. — Aa @ UL. Folia elamellata: C. brachycaulon. — Ab. Teniolae nullae. — Aba. Folia obtusa: C. Schmidtii. — Av @. Folia late rotundato-acuminata: C. subtenerum. — I. Cancellinae obovatae: C. gracilescens. — (. Cancellinae scalariformes: C. subintegrum.
17. €, (Hyophilina) robustiuseulum Broth. n. sp.
Dioicum; robustiusculum, caespitosum, caespitibus densis, fus- cescenti-viridibus; caulis 1—2 cm. altus, erectus, tomentosus, dense foliosus, simplex vel parce ramosus; folia sicca adpressa, apice incurva, humida erecto-patentia, stricta, canaliculato-concava, e basi brevi. superne paulum dilatata sensim lineari-ligulata, obtusa, plerumque apiculo obtusiusculo terminata, rarius in processum styloideum pro- tracta, c. 3 mm. longa, in parte dilatata basis c. 0,70 mm. lata, mar- ginibus erectis, in parte basilari serrulatis, in parte laminali lamellatis, lamellis minute et obtuse serrulatis, nervo crasso, infra summum apicem evanido, dorso scabro, cellulis subrotundis, 0,007—0,010 mm., pellucidis, papillosis, cancellinae rectangularis, vaginam subaequantis breviter rectangularibus, ad costam maximis, teniolae intra-margi- nalis, infra apicem evanidae lutescentibus, angustissimis, in parte superiore vaginae c. 4-seriatis, in parte laminali c. 9-seriatis. Caetera ignota.
Species e robustioribus, C. fasciculato Doz. et Molk. admodum similis, sed foliorum forma et structura longe diversa.
Lem Dan, on the swelled base of Cocoa-palms; Koh Sarlak, on rocks.
18. €. (Hyophilina) acuminatum Broth. n. sp.
Dioicum; robustiusculum, laxe caespitosum, caespitibus lute- scenti-viridibus; caulis 1 cm, vel paulum ultra altus, erectus, parce radiculosus, dense foliosus, simplex vel parce ramosus; folia sicca adpressa, apice incurva, humida erecto-patentia, stricta, canaliculato- concava, e basi albescente, longiuscula, superne paulum dilatata sensim lanceolato-acuminata, acuta, c. 5 mm. longa, in parte dilatata basis 0,95— 1,1 mm. lata, marginibus erectis, in parte basilari superne minute serrulatis, in parte superiore laminae inaequaliter serrulatis, nervo crasso, infra summum apicem evanido, dorso scabro, cellulis
— 119 —
subrotundis, 0,007—0,010 mm., subpellucidis, papillosis, cancellinae rectangularis, vaginam subaequantis breviter rectangularibus, ad nervum maximis, teniolae intramarginalis, infra apicem evanidae lutescentibus, angustissimis, 2—3 seriatis. Caetera ignota.
Species praecedenti similis, sed foliorum forma et structura longe diversa.
Jungle near Lem Dan, on stones.
19. C. (Hyophilina) subintegrum Broth. n. sp.
Dioicum; gracile, caespitosum, caespitibus densis, laete viridi- bus; caulis 1 cm. altus, erectus, basi fusco-radiculosus, densiuscule foliosus, superne furcatus; folia sicca suberecta, apice incurva, hu- mida patentia, stricta, canaliculato-concava, e basi brevi, superne haud dilatata oblongo-ligulata, obtusa, rarius in processum styloi- deum, elongatum protracta, c. 3 mm. longa, 0,47~—0,57 mm. lata, marginibus erectis, in parte superiore basilari minute serrulatis, in parte laminali subintegris, nervo crasso, infra summum apicem eva- nido, dorso sublaevi, cellulis rotundato-angulatis, c. 0,010 mm., chloro- phyllosis, alte papillosis, cancellinae scalariformis, vaginam superantis breviter rectangularibus, ad costam majoribus, teniolae marginalis, in parte inferiore laminae evanidae c. 4-seriatis, in parte laminali 9-seriatis. Caetera ignota.
Species C. stenogastro Besch. habitu similis, sed foliis subintegris jam dignoscenda.
Lem Dan, on rocks and trees near the Sea.
20. ©. (Hyephilina) Sehmidtii Broth. n. sp.
Dioicum; gracile, caespitosum, caespitibus densis, fuscescenti- viridibus; caulis usque ad 2 cm. altus, erectus, basi fusco-radiculosus, laxiuscule foliosus, simplex vel furcatus; folia sicca suberecta, apice incurvo, humida erecto-patentia, canaliculato-concava, e basi brevi, superne haud dilatata oblongo-ligulata, obtusa, rarius in processum styloideum, elongatum protracta, c. 3mm. longa et c. 0,47 mm. lata, marginibus erectis, ubique integerrimis, nervo crasso, infra summum apicem evanido, dorso plus minusve scabro, cellulis subrotundis, c. 0,010 mm., pellucidis, minute papillosis, cancellinae rectangularis, vaginam aequantis breviter rectangularibus, ad costam majoribus, teniola nulla, vaginalibus extra cancellinam minutis, subquadratis, c. 10-seriatis, marginalibus tenerrimis, hyalinis. Caetera ignota.
Species praecedenti habitu simillima, sed foliorum structura longe diversa. Jungle near Klong Majum, on trees.
21. ©. (Hyophilina) subtenerum Broth. n. sp.
Dioicum; pusillum, gregarie crescens, viridissimum; caulis brevissimus, vix ultra 2 mm. altus, basi fusco-radiculosus, dense foliosus, simplex; folia sicca horride incurva, humida patentia, e basi
— 120 —
brevissima, angustiore late spathulata, late rotundato-acuminata, saepe in processum brevem subito contracta, vix ultra 2 mm. longa, su- perne usque ad 0,76 mm. lata, marginibus erectis, integerrimis, nervo crasso, infra summum apicem evanido,. dorso nitido, cellulis sub- quadratis. c. 0,010 mm., valde chlorophyllosis, superioribus minute papillosis, usque ad insertionem folii descendentibus ibidemque c. 7- seriatis, cancellinae rectangularis, vaginam subaequantis subquadratis, ad nervum majoribus, teniolis nullis. Caetera ignota.
Species (. tenero C. Miill., mihi e descriptione tantum cognita, sine dubio proxima, sed foliis cellulis superioribus papillosis dignoscenda.
Lem Ngob, mangrove, on Rhizophora conjugata.
22. C. (Hyophilina) brachycaulon Broth. n. sp.
Dioicum; robustiusculum, caespitosum, caespitibus humilibus, parvis, nigrescentibus; caulis vix ultra 5 mm. altus, adscendens, basi dense fusco-radiculosus, dense foliosus, .plerumque in ramos 9—3 divisus; folia sicca adpressa, apice incurva, humida patentia, canaliculato-concava, e basi brevi, superne paulum dilatata sensim lineari-ligulata, obtusa, rarius in processum styloideum protracta, c.3 mm. longa, in parte dilatata basis c.0,57 mm., in parte laminali c. 0,38 mm. lata, marginibus erectis, in parte basilari serrulatis, in parte laminali integerrimis, nervo crasso, infra summum apicem evanido, dorso scaberulo, cellulis subrotundis, c. 0,010 mm., pellucidis, papillosis, cancellinae rectangularis, vaginam subaequantis internsi laxis, breviter rectangularibus, c. 5-seriatis, externis subito multo angustioribus, rectangularibus, c. 6-seriatis, teniolae intramarginalis, infra apicem evanidae lutescentibus, angustissimis, 2—3-seriatis, extra teniolam in parte vaginali 3-seriatis, rhomboideis, hyalinis. Caetera ignota.
Species caespitibus parvis, humilibus, nigrescentibus oculo nudo jam diagnoscenda.
Klong Munsé, on rocks in the jungle, alt. 700 ft.; Koh Kahdat, on trees.
23. . (Hyophiliua) gracilescens Broth. n. sp.
Dioicum; gracile, caespitosum, caespitibus laxiusculis, fusce- scentibus; caulis ad 2 cm. usque altus, adscendens, infima basi fusco-radiculosus, laxiuscule foliosus, simplex; folia sicca laxe ad- pressa, apice incurva, humida patentia, stricta, canaliculato-concava, e basi brevi, superne dilatata sensim lineari-ligulata, obtusa, rarius in processum styloideum protracta, c. 3 mm. longa, in parte dilatata basis 0,57—0,7 mm. lata, marginibus erectis, in parte basilari superne serrulatis, in parte laminali integerrimis, nervo crasso, infra summum apicem evanido, dorso scaberulo, cellulis subrotundis, ¢. 0,075 mm., pellucidis, papillosis, cancellinae obovatae, vaginam subaequantis internis laxis, breviter rectangularibus, externis subito multo angu- stioribus, rectangularibus, c. 6-seriatis, teniolae intramarginalis, in parte inferiore laminae evanidae lutescentibus, angustissimis, inferne 4—5-seriatis, extra teniolam in parte vaginali 4-seriatis, rhomboideis,
ai =
hyalinis; seta c. 3 mm. alta, erecta, tenuis, fuscescens; calyptra carinis superne vix asperula, apice fusca.
Species ex affinitate C. Hampet Doz. et Molk., sed colore, foliis paten- tioribus, integerrimis, teniolis brevioribus jam dignoscenda.
24. €. Hampei Doz. et Molk. Bryol. jav. I, p. 48. Lem Dan, on rocks near the Sea. Area: Java.
25. (. Motleyi Mitt. in Bryol. jav. I, p. 48. Koh Kahdat, on trees in the sea-shore, Area: Ceylon, Labuan and Borneo.
Tortulaceae. Hyophila Brid. 26. UH. eylindriea (Hook.) Jaeg. Adumbr. I, p. 204.
Klong Sarlakpet; on wet rocks in the jungle, near a water fall, alt. 700 ft. Area: British India.
Bryaceae. Bryum L. 27. WB. doliolum Duby in Moritzi Syst. Verz. p. 133. Lem Dan, in dry clayey soil. Area: Widely distributed from India to Malay- and Sunda Islands.
Mniaceae. Rhizogonium Brid. 28. Rh. spiniforme (L.) Bruch in Flora 1846, p. 134. Jungle near Klong Munsé, on rocks in a stream-bed.
Aréa: Widely distributed thorough the tropical and subtropical parts of the World.
Polytrichaceae.
Racelopus Doz. et Molk. 29, R. pilifer Doz. et Molk. Bryol. jav. I, p. 37. Jungle near Lem Dan on riverbank. Area: Tonkin, Malacca, Java, Borneo and New Guinea.
Neckeraceae. Neckera Hedw. 30. N. migyeseens Broth. n. sp.
— 122 —
Dioica; robusta, nigrescens, nitidiuscula; caulis elongatus, repens, per totam longitudinem dense ramosus, ramis erectis, com- planatis, 1—2 cm. altis, cum foliis c. 3 mm. latis, dense foliosis, simplicibus, obtusis; folia ramea horizontalia, transverse valde undulata, e basi pulchre auriculata, uno latere inflexa ovato-ligulata, obtusa, marginibus ubique minutissime denticulatis, nervo crassius- culo, longe infra apicem evanido, cellulis superioribus ellipticis, dein angustioribus, basilaribus linearibus, omnibus laevissimis. Caetera ignota.
Species pulcherrima, colore, ramificatione foliisque auriculatis, ovato- ligulatis faciliter dignoscenda.
Kiong Majum, on rocks in the jungle.
Hookeriaceae. Distichophyllum Doz. et Molk.
31. D. Sehmidtii Broth. n. sp.
Dioicum; robustiusculum, caespitosum, caespitibus laxis, mol- libus, pallide viridibus; caulis usque ad 2 cm. altus, complanatus, cum foliis c. 4 mm. latus, parce radiculosus, laxiuscule foliosus, dicho- tome ramosus; folia sicca vix mutata, faciliter emollita, lateralia patentia, e basi angusta spathulata, rotundata, apiculata, limbata, limbo integerrimo, e duabus seriebus cellularum composito, nervo tenui, longe ultra medium folii producto, cellulis superioribus rotun- dato-hexagonis, dein multo majoribus, ovali-hexagonis, basilaribus oblongo-hexagonis, media breviora; bracteae perichaetii mi- nutae, ovatae, internae majores, magis cuspidatae; seta c. 6 mm. alta, e basi geniculata adscendens, ubique scaberrima, purpurea; theca subhorizontalis, minuta, obovata, fusca; peristomium du- plex; exostomii dentes lanceolato-acuminati, inflexi, rufo-flavi, medio sulco longitudinali albo exarati, dense et alte lamellati; endo- stomium sordide albidum, papillosum; processus dentium longi- tudinem aequantes; operculum rostratum, rostro subulato, thecam longitudine adaequans. Calyptra ignota.
Species D. acuminato Bryol. jav. affinis, sed statura paulum minore, inflorescentia nec non foliis breviapiculatis dignoscenda.
On riverbank in the jungle near Lem Dan.
Stereodontaceae. Taxithelium Spruc.
32. T. Schmidtii Broth. n. sp.
Dioicum; robustiusculum, caespitosum, caespitibus laxiusculis, sordide viridibus, nitidiusculis; caulis elongatus, repens, densiuscule pinnatim ramosus, ramis vix ultra 1 cm. longis, arcuatulis, compla- natis, dense foliosis, simplicibus, obtusis; folia suberecta, valde con-
— 123 —
cava, oblonga, obtusiuscule acuta, marginibus erectis, ubique minute serrulatis, enervia, cellulis elongatis, angustis, unipapillosis, basilari- bus infimis brevioribus, laevibus, alaribus ternis, majusculis, vesicu- losis hyalinis. Caetera ignota.
Species J. prostrato (Doz. et Molk.) affinis, sed statura robustiore, ramificatione nec non foliis acutiusculis, cellulis alaribus multo majoribus prima fronte dignoscenda. :
Klong Munsé, on wet rocks in the jungle near a waterfall.
33. T. instratum (Brid.). — Trichosteleum Jaeg. Adumbr. Il, p. 478. Jungle near Lem Dan, on rocks; Koh Kahdat, on trees. Area: From Java to New Guinea.
34. T. papillatum (Harv.). — Trichostelewm Par. Ind. p. 1313.
Klong Munsé, on trees in the jungle. Area: From Sumatra to New Guinea. Malacca.
35. 1. distichophyllum (Hamp.). — Trichostelewm Jaeg. Adumbr. II, p. 482.
Klong Munsé, on trees in the jungle. Area: Java, Celebes and Luzon.
36. T. isocladum (Bryol. jav ). — Trichostelewm Jaeg. Adumbr. Il, p. 478. Jungle near Klong Munsé, creeping on thin branches. Area: Banca.
Isopterygium Mitt. 37. I. albescens (Schwaegr.) Jaeg. Adumbr. Il, p. 499. Jungle near Lem Dan and Klong Son, on riverbanks. Area: British India and Sunda Islands.
Sematophyllaceae. Sematophyllum Mitt.
38. S. subrevolutum Broth. n.sp.
Gracile, caespitosum, caespitibus laxiusculis, depressis, ]utescenti- viridibus, nitidis; caulis elongatus, repens, per totam longitudinem fusco-radiculosus, pinnatim ramosus, ramis suberectis, vix ultra 5 mm. longis, dense foliosis, simplicibus; folia erecto-patentia, concava, lanceolata, anguste cuspidata, marginibus fera ad apicem folti late revolutis, summo apice erectis, integerrimis, enervia, cellulis elongatis angustissimis, basilaribus infimis laxis, aureis, alaribus magnis, ob- longis, vesiculiformibus, supra alaribus paucis, minutis, omnibus laevissimis. Caetera ignota. .
.
— 124 —
Species S. revoluto Broth. et Geh. simillima, sed caule laxius pinnato, foliis anguste cuspidatis, integerrimis dignoscenda.
Klong Majum, on rocks in the jungle, alt. 400 ft.
Rhaphidostegium Schimp. 39. Rh. parvulum Broth. n. sp.
Autoicum; subgracile, caespitosum, caespitibus mollibus, par- vis, pallide lutescentibus, sericeis; caulis repens, per totam longi- tudinem fusco-radiculosus, vage ramosus, ramis dense subpinnatim ramulosis, ramulis brevibus, complanatulis, patentibus, densiuscule foliosis, obtusis; folia erecto-patentia, concava, anguste oblongo- lanceolata, longe et anguste acuminata, marginibus erectis vel parce revolutis, ubique vel superne minutissime serrulatis, enervia, cellulis elongatis, angustissimis, flexuosulis, basilaribus infimis aureis, laxio- ribus et brevioribus, alaribus 3—5, magnis, oblongis, vesiculiformibus, fuscis, omnibus laevissimis; bracteae perichaetii e basi oblongo- lanceolata longius acuminatae; seta 1 cm. alta, flexuosula, tenuis, lutescenti-rubra, laevissima; theca pendula, minuta, ovalis, sicca deoperculata sub ore constricta, fusca. Caetera ignota.
Species pulchella, caespitibus parvis, pallidis, mollibus, sericeis, ramu- lis complanatulis, foliis anguste oblongo-lanceolatis, longe acuminatis digno- scenda. :
Lem Dan, on racks and trees near the Sea.
40. Bh. subconnivens Broth. n. sp.
Autoicum; robustiusculum, caespitosum, caespitibus densis, lutescenti-vel fuscescenti-viridibus, nitidis; caulis elongatus, repens, dense pinnatim ramosus, ramis brevibus, erectis vel adscendentibus,. teretibus, dense foliosis, simplicibus, obtusis; folia sicca suberecta, humida erecto-patentia, concava, oblonga, anguste acuminata, mar- ginibus late revolutis, apice incurvis, subconniventibus, integerrimis, enervia, cellulis elongatis, angustis, basilaribus infimis abbreviatis, aureis, alaribusc. 5, oblongis, vesiculiformibus, fusco-aureis, omnibus iaevissimis; bracteae perichaetii erectae, intimae ovato-lan- ceolatae, acuminatae, acumine serrulato; seta 1,5 cm. alta, sicca flexuosula, tenuis, fuscescenti-rubra, laevissima: theca horizontalis vel subpendula, minuta, ovalis, fusca. Caetera ignota.
Species ex affinitate Rh. tristiculi*(Mitt) Jaeg., sed foliis marginibus late revolutis, apice incurvis, subconniventibus jam dignoscenda.
Klong Munsé, on rocks in the jungle.
Trichosteleum Mitt. 41, T. leptocarpoides Broth. n. sp.
ae: utoicum; robustum, caespitosum, caespitibus depressis, den- siusculis, pallide lutescentibus, nitidis; caulis elongatus repens,
— 195 —
ramosus, ramivagis vel subpinnatim dispositis, brevibus, compla- natulis, laxe foliosis, strictis, obtusis; folia sicca laxe imbricata, humida patula, valde concava, oblonga, in acumen elongatum, loriforme contracta, marginibus erectis, integris, enervia,: cellulis elongatis, angustissimis, papillosis, basilaribus infimis abbreviatis, aureis, alaribus c. 5, magnis, vesiculaeformibus, fusco-aureis; seta 2 em. alta, crassiuscula, flexuosula, rubra, laevis; theca maxime pendula, ad setam fere adpressa, oblongo-clavata, fuscidula, grosse pustulosa, collo laevi. Caetera ignota.
Species insignis 7. leptocarpo (Schwaegr.) affinis, sed foltis integvis, theca breviore, grosse pustuloso, collo laevi, facillime dignoscenda. Koh Kahdat, on mouldering trees.
42. TT. Boschii (Doz. et Molk.) Jaeg. Adumbr. Il, p. 487. Jungle near Klong Munsé, on mouldering trees. Area: Sunda Islands.
43. T. trachyeystis Broth. n. sp.
Autoicum; robustiusculum, caespitosum, caespitibus densis, pallide viridibus, haud nitidis; caulis repens, subpinnatim ramo- sus, ramis uncinatis, densifoliis, simplicibus; folia falcata, concava, late oblongo- vel ovato-lanceolata, anguste acuminata, marginibus erectis, superne serrulatis, enervia, cellulis elongatis, angustissimis, papillis elevatis seriatim punctulatis, basilaribus infimis abbreviatis, aureis, alaribus c. 5, oblongis, vesiculiformibus, hyalinis vel fusco- aureis; bracteae perichaetii internae e basi oblongo-lanceolata longe acuminatae, acumine serrulato, cellulis laevissimis; seta 1 cm. alta, flexuosula, tenuis, fuscescenti-rubra, superne scaberula; theca nutans, minuta, ovalis, sicca deoperculata sub ore constricta, fusca. Caetera ignota.
Species T. hamato (Doz. et Molk.) Jaeg. affinis, sed statura robustiore, foliis latioribus, cellulis scaberrimis optime diversa.
Lem Dan, on rocks and trees near the Sea.
Leskeaceae.
Pelekium Mitt. 44. P, velatun Mitt. in Journ. of the Lian. Soc. 1868, p. 176. Koh Kahdat, on mouldering trees in the interior of the island. Area: From Java to Samoa.
Flora of Koh Chang.
Contributions to the knowledge of the vegetation in the Gulf of Siam.
By Johs. Schmidt.
Part IV.
(W. West and G. S. West: Fresh Water Chlorophyceae. — Th. Reinbold: Marine Algae (Chlorophyceae, Phaeophyceae, Dictyotales, Rhodophyceae)!). — M. Gomont: Myxophyceae hormogoneae. — Johs. Schmidt: Peridiniales.)
Fresh Water Chlorophycez
by W. West F. L.S. and Prof. G. S. West B. A. — Bradford. (With plate 2—4).
The following contribution to the flora of the island of Koh Chang has resulted from the examination of a number of collections of freshwater Chlorophycece made during the stay of the Danish Expedition in Siam in 1899—1900. The collections were preserved in weak alcohol or formaline and were twenty four in number.
Very few filamentous Chlorophycee were obtained, the chief of which were four species of Gdogonium and four of Spirogyra, one species of each of these genera being quite new. Two of the col- lections from stagnant water in the jungle were rich in various free-swimming Palmellacee. Some four or five of the collections contained a number of Desmids, many of which have proved to be very interesting.
The only papers dealing with freshwater Algee from this region of the world are: — Joshua on ,Burmese Desmids“ (1886);
1) Exel. Corallinaceae by M. Foslie, published in part If. of the Flora of Koh Chang.
— 158 —
Schmidle on ,Einige Algen aus Sumatra“ (1895); W. West & G. 5S. West on ,Desmids from Singapore“ (1897); and a note by Archer in Quart. Journ. Micr. Sci. (1865) on two Desmids from Hong Kong. To these may be added a paper by Liitkemiiller on »Desmidiaceen aus den Ningpo-Mountains in Centralchina* (1900). The following is a summary of the Chlorophyce observed: Genera Species
Coleocheetacese...... 2.2... 1 1 (dogoniacee........ wes al 4 Confervacee...........05. 1 1 Ophiocytiew .............. 1 2 Zygnemace....... eis 1 4 Desmidiacee.............. 11 84 Palmellacesee.............. 14 95
Total.... 30 121
Of the above, 9 species and a number of varieties are here described for the first time.
In addition to the above several sterile species of Spirogyra, Zygnema, Mougeotia, Bulbochete, and Cidogonium were observed, and also a few fragments of a species of Chaetophora.
Class. Chlorophyceee. Ord. Confervoidee Heterogame.
Fam. Coleochetacee. Aphanocheete Berth.
i. A. repens Berth. 1878; De Toni Syll. Algarum, 1, p. 179. Diam. cell. 7,7—17y; altit. cell. 8,5—10 yp.
Attached to aquatic plants in stagnant water.
Area: Europe, North America, Sandwich Is., New Zealand.
Fam. CEdogoniacez. Cedogonium Link.
2. 4H. eryptoporum Wittr. in Ofvers. af K. Vet.-Akad. Férh. 1870, no.3, p.11%; in Nova Acta Reg. Soc. Scient. Upsala, ser. 3, IX, 1874, p.7.
— 159 —
Var. vulgare Wittr. in Nov. Acta Reg. Soc. Scient. Upsala, 1...
Crass. cell. veget. 5—7,5 4; altit. 3—5-plo major; » oogon. 19-20; , 18—-23y; » oospor, 17,5—18,5 4; , 13—14y.
In stagnant water in riverbed. Area: Europe, N. America and New Zealand.
3. (. maximum West & G. S. West, n. sp. (Tab. nostr. IV, fig. 39 —Al1,)
(. dioicum, macrandrium; oogoniis singulis, subquadratis vel oblongo-rectangularibus, levissime tumidis; oosporis oogonia exacte complentibus, subquadratis vel oblongo-rectangularibus, in sectione optica verticali circularibus; membrana oospore crassa, glabra, quasi crassescione membrane oogonii formata; plantis masculis eadem crassitudine ac femineis; antheridiis pluricellularibus (?).
Crass. cell. veget. 89—93 4; altit. 1'/2—2(usque ad 3)-plo major; » oogon, (et oospor.) 105—107 4; altit. 115—136 py; » cell. antherid. 77—86 4; altit. 7—15 py.
A large quantity of this Gdogonium was seen from stagnant water and the plants were in abundant fruit. The oospores are rather remar- kable being somewhat rectangular in outline, and having a wall which is apparently formed by an increase in thickness of the wall of the oogonium. Thus, when the spore is ripe there is no differentiation between the oospore and the oogonium, and the ripe oospores are set free by the breaking up of the filaments. Only one example of the antheridia was observed and this was only a fragment. From its general appearance it is highly pro- bable that the antheridia are many-celled, but this point could not be definitely determined.
It may be compared with CG. fabulosum Hirn from which it is easily distinguished by its larger size and its differently shaped oospores, which completely fill the oogonia.
4. (KE. dioienm Carter in Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. J, no. 4, 1858, p. 30, t. IH, f.1,2,5—8,13—16; Hirn in Acta Soc, Scient. Fennice, Tom. XXVII, no. 1, 190, p.175, t. XXVIII, f. 163. (Tab. nostr. IV, fig. 42.) .
Crass. cell. veget. 31—35 yp; altit. 3—5-plo major; » oogon. 97; , 100n; » oospor. 7043» 70 p.
We place this plant under @. dioiewm Carter owing to the relative size of the filaments and the peculiar oogonia, which the oospores do not fill. It agrees with Carter’s species in everything except the length of the cells, which are proportionately a little longer.
In stagnant water in the jungle, among the preceding species.
Area: India.
Botanisk Tidsskrift. 24. Bind. 11
— 160 —
5. (8. pluviale Nordst. in Rabenh. Alg. Europ. no. 2257; Wittr. in Acta Reg. Soc. Scient. Upsala, ser. 3, IX, p.19; Hirn in Acta Soc. Scient. Fennice, tom. XXVII, no. !, p. 280, t. XLVI, f. 311.
Forma.
Crass. cell. veget. 19-25; altit. 9/4,—2-plo major; » oogon. 40-46; , 44—48u; > oospor. 38—44y; , 42—44yp.
The form observed was from rocks in a riverbed and agrees with a form mentioned by Hirn (l.c. p.281) as occuring in ,Italia: in saxis humidis in Monte Fiesole prope oppidum Florenz‘. This form was pre- viously described. as ’. Montagnei F. Magz. var. saxicolum Wittr’.
Area: Europe and N. America.
Ord. Confervoidee Isogame.
Fam. Confervacee.
Microspora Thur., em. Lagerh.
6. M. abbreviata Lagerh. in Bericht. Deutsch. Bot. Gesellsch. 1887, V, p. 417. Conferva abbreviata Rabenh. Krypt. Flor. v. Sachs. 1863, p- 246; Flor. Europ. Algar. III, p. 323.
Crass. fil. 10—11 ys.
In stagnant water amongst Spirogyra decimina var. Area: Europe, N. America, Australia, aud W. Africa.
Fam. Chaetophoracee.
Trentepohlia Mart. ') 7. T. aurea Mart.
On rocks in the jungle near Klong Munsé, very common. Area: Europe, America, Asia.
Fam. Ophiocytiez. Ophiocytium Nag. 8. 0. bicuspidatum Lemmermann in Hedwigia 1899, Bd. XXXVIIL,
p. 3!, tM, f.13--15. 0. majus Nag. var. biewspidatum Borge.
In muddy ricefield. Area: Europe, and E. Africa (var.).
1) Auctore E. de Wildeman.
— 161 —
9. 0. parvulum A. Braun Alg. Unicell. 1855, p. 55. Brochidium parculum Perty 1852.
With the preceding species in muddy ricefield. Area: Europe, N. America, Ceylon, Sumatra, Australia, and W. Africa.
Ord. Conjugate.
Fam. Zygnemacee. Spirogyra Link.
10. S. neglecta Kitz. Spec. Algar. 1849, p. 441; Rabenh. Flor. Europ. Algar. Ul, p. 248; Petit Spirog. de Paris, p.26, t-IX, f. 1—5. Zygnema neglecta Hass. 1845. :
Crass. cell. veget. 65 7; long. zygosp. 84—92 yw; lat. zygosp. 61 —66 ps.
In stagnant water in riverbed. Area: Europe and N. America, West Indies, Central and W. Africa (var. ternata). Ceylon.
11. §. decimina (Miill.) Kitz. Phyc. Germ. p. 223; Rabenh. Flor. Europ. Algar. II, p. 242; Petit Spirog. de Paris, 1880, p. 25, t. VIII, f 1—3.
Forma major, cellulis vegetativis diametro 21/2-—5 (usque 6)-plo lon- gioribus; cellulis fructiferis non inflatis; chromatophoris 3 cum marginibus asperis, anfractibus 21/2—41/2.
Crass. cell. veget. 46—50 ; long. zygosp. 81—92 yw; lat. zygosp. 46—49 p.
In stagnant water.
Area: Europe, N. America, Madagascar and Ceylon.
12. §. Schmidtii West & G. S. West, n. sp. (Tab. nostr. IV, fig. 43 —45).
S. cellulis vegetativis diametro 7—-10-plo longioribus, extremi- tatibus non replicatis; chromatophoris 2--3, angustis, laxis, cum marginibus leviter crenulatis et pyrenoidibus magnis, anfractibus 2ye—4; conjugatione scalariformi, cellulis fructiferis inflatis; zygo- sporis elongato-ellipsoideis, diametro 2—21/.-plo longioribus, polis rotundatis vel conico-rotundatis; membrana zygospore mature crassa, lutea —- brunnea, mesosporio scrobiculato.
Crass. cell. veget. 31—35; crass. cell. fruct. 53—59 »; long. zygosp. 88—118 4; lat. zygosp. 44—46 yu.
It is perhaps nearest to S. fluviatilis Hilse but is distinguished by its less diameter, its longer cells, its fewer and different chromatophores, and by the form of its zygospores.
In stagnant water in riverbed among S. neglecta and S. gracilis.
11*
— 162 —
13. S. gracilis Ktitz. Spec. Algar. 1849, p. 438; Rabenh. Flor. Europ. Algar. Ill, p. 237; Petit Spirog. de Paris, 1880, p. 15, t. Ill, f.7—3. Forma cellulis paullo longioribus.
Crass. cell. veget. 17,5192; crass. cell. fruct. 27 4; long. zygosp. 54—63 u; lat. zygosp. 24--25 p.
In stagnant water in riverbed. Area: Europe and N, America. Abyssinia (var. abyssinica Lagerh.).
Fam. Desmidiacee.
Gonatozygon De Bary.
14. G. Ralfsii De Bary Conj. 1858, p. 76, t.IV, f. 23. Long. 163—220 y; lat. 11,6--13,5 yw. In stagnant water amongst Spirogyra decimina var.
Area: N. and S. America, W. Indies, Europe, Siberia, China, India, Ceylon. Sumatra, E. arid W. Africa, Australia.
15. @. Kinahani Rabenh. Flor. Europ. Algar. Ill, 1868, p. 156. Leptocystinema Kinahani Arch. 1858.
Var. tropicum West & G.S. West, n. var. (Tab. nostr. II, fig. 2).
Var. cellulis multo crassioribus.
Long. 336 4; lat. 20—23 pw.
In stagnant water, amongst the preceding species. Area of type: Europe.
Cylindrocystis Menegh.
16. (€. Brébissonii Menegh. 1838; De Bary Conj. 1858, p. 35, 46, 74, t. VI, f. E1—22. Penium Brébissonii Ralfs 1848.
Long. 53—78 yp; lat. 15—16,5 p.
In stagnant water in riverbed. Area: Ubiquitous.
17. ©. subpyramidata West & G. 5S. West, n. sp. (Tab. nostr. Il, fig. 8—11).
C. parva, pene duplo longior quam lata; cellulis ellipticis, leviter et subgradatim constrictis ad medium; semicellulis ovato- pyramidatis, polis rotundo-subtruncatis; membrana glabra achroa: a vertice visis circulavibus; pyrenoidibus singulis, magnis. Zygospore nigrescentes, oblongo-rectangulares angulis rotundatis, a latere visx ellipticee; in medio laterum membrana valde et subirregularite: incrassata.
Long. 27—28 ; lat. 15—16 1; lat. constrict. 14,5 1; long. zygosp 32,5—34 w; lat. zygosp. 23—25 w; crass. zygosp. 20 pw.
— 163 —
This species occured in small gelatinous masses amongst Spirogyra gracilis and S. neglecta in stagnant water in a riverbed.
It is nearest to Cylindrocystis pyramidata West & G. 8. West recently found in Ceylon, but it is distinguished by its smaller size, its less tape- ring semicells, and its more open constriction.
Penium Bréb.
18. P. Digitus Bréb. in Ralfs Brit. Desm. p. 150, t. XXV, £3. Clo- sterium Digitus Ehrenb. Penium lameliosum Ktitz. P. navigium W. B. Turner.
Long. 188 4; lat. 54 p.
Among Utricularia in riverbed. Area: Ubiquitous.
19. P. australe Racib. in Rospraw. Akad. Umiej. Krakow. Wydz. matem.-przy. ser. 2, vol. XXII, p. 367, t. VI, f.27; West & G.S. West in Journ. Linn. Soc. bot. XXXII, 1897, p.157, t. VIE, f. 16.
Long. 80—75y; lat. 43—44y; lat. constrict. 41—42 uw.
In stagnant water in the jungle and in muddy ricefields. Area: Singapore and Australia.
20. FP. cucurbitinum Biss. in Journ. Roy. Micr. Soc. 1884, p. 197, t.V, f. 7.
Forma minor West in Journ. Roy. Micr. Soc. 1894, p. 4.
Long. 55,5 yw; lat. 52 py.
In stagnant water with other Desmids. Area: Europe. New Zealand (var.).
2{. P.curtum Bréb. in Kiitz. Spec. Algar. 1849, p. 167. Closterium curtum Bréb. 1840. Cosmarium curtum Ralfs 1848.
Forma major Wille in Ofvers. af K. Vet.-Akad. Férh. 1879, no. 5, p. 56, t. XIV, f. 73.
Long. 58; lat. 28 w.
On rocks in riverbed, abundant amongst Cosmarium lave. Area: Europe, N. America, W. Indies, India, Madagascar, and W. Alrica.
292. BP. Navicula Bréb. in Mém. Soc. Scient. Nat. Cherbourg, 1856, IV, p. 146, t. 41, f. 37.
Long. 32,5 4; lat. 9,6 w.
In stagnant water in the jungle.
Area: Europe, N. America, W. Indies, India, Burmah, Ceylon, Singapore E. Indies, Sandwich Is., New Zealand and Australia.
— 164 —
23. P. minutissimum Nordst. in Acta Univ. Lund. 1873, tom. IX, p. 46, t. 1, f. al. Long. 17 w; lat. 10,6 p.
In stagnant water in riverbed. Area: Europe, Madagascar, Burmah.
24. P. inconspicuum West in Journ. Roy. Micr. Soc. 1894, p. 4, t. 1, f. 6,7.
Long. 17; lat. 6p.
Amongst other Desmids in stagnant water. Area: Europe and N. America. Ceylon.
Closterium Nitzsch.
25. . prelongum Bréb. in Mém. Soc. Scient. Nat. Cherbourg, 1856, IV, p. 152, t. 11, f. 41.
Long. 459—625 w; lat. 16,5—18 u.
In stagnant water in the jungle. Area: Europe and N. America. New Zealand (forma).
26. (. acerosum Ehrenb. in Abhandl. Akad. Wissenschaft. Berlin 1831, p. 68; Ralfs Brit. Desm. 1848, p. 154, t. XXVII, fig. 2. Forma apicibus truncatis; membrana luteo-brunnea,. subtilissime
striolata. Long. 436—-583 »; lat.45 2; lat. apic. 8—9 4. (Tab. nostr. Il, fig. 5.) Diam. zygosp. 87 yp.
The apices were much more truncate than in var. truncatum Gutw. (in Spraw. Kom. fizyjogr. Akad. Umiej. Krakow. 1891, p. 33, t. 1, f. 7); in fact, Gutwinski’s variety appears to be very little different from the typical form.
Area: Ubiquitous.
27, (.Lunula Nitzsch 1817; Ralfs Brit. Desm. 1848, p. 163, t. XXVII, f.1. Vibrio Lunula Miller 1784.
Var. sublanceolatum Klebs in Schrift. phys.-oekon. Gesellsch. Kénigs- berg V, 22, 1879, p.6, 1, Rileet f
Forma minor, cellulis paullo angustioribus; membrana lutea, glabra. Long. 282 w; lat. 32,5; lat. apic. 8,5.
This form approaches very closely to the plant mentioned and figured by Gutwinski as Cl. acerosum Ehrenb. forma (Roypraw. Wydz. matem.- prayr. Akad. Umiej. Krakow. 1896, tom. XXXII, p. 36, t. V, f. 6).
Area of type: Europe, N. and S, America, E. Africa, India, Central “Asia, Japan, New Zealand and Australia.
28. (. Ehrenbergii Menegh. Synops. Desm. in Linnea 1840, p. 232; Ralfs Brit. Desm. 1848, p. 166, t. XXVIII, f. 2.
— 165 —
Lat. 90; apicibus 442 4 inter se distantibus.
In slagnant water amongst Spirogyra decimina var. Area: Europe, N. and S. America, W. Indies, India, Central China, Japan, New Zealand, Australia, and Samoa (var.).
29. (. Diane Ehrenb.; Ralfs lc. p. 168, t. XXVHI, f. 5. Lat. 21; apicibus 263 » inter se distantibus.
With the preceding species. Area: Ubiquitous.
30. C. parvulum Nag. Gatt. einzell. Alg. 1349, p. 106, t. VIC, f. 2.
Lat. 10,5; apicibus 130—144y inter se distantibus; diam. zygosp. 33 yu.
In stagnant water among other Desmids (with zygospores).
Area: Ubiquitous.
31. €. ealosporum Witir. in Nova Acta Soc. Scient. Upsala, ser. 3, VI, 1569, p.23, t. 1, f. 11.
Forma: lat. 7—7,5 apicibus 87—89 y» inter se distantibus.
This plant, which occurred in great abundance in stagnant water in the jungle, differs from typical Cl. calosporum in being a little narrower, the ventral margin having precisely the correct curvature.
Area: Europe, Ceylon.
32. (. Venus Kiitz. Phyc. German. 1845, p. 130; Ralfs Brit. Desm. 1848, p. 220, t. XXXV, f. 12. Lat. 7 4; apicibus 51 y inter se distantibus.
In stagnant water. Area: Europe, N. America, Burmah, Ceylon, Central China, Japan.
33. (. Jenneri Ralfs Brit. Desm. 1848, p. 167, t. XXVIII, f. 6.
Forma minor, membrana plerumque luteo-brunnea.
Lat. 8,5—9 »; apicibus 55—60 y inter se distantibus.
Numerous examples of this small form were observed and almost all of them possessed a yellowish-brown cell-wall. The proportion and relative curvature were exactly those of Cl. Jenneri Ralfs.
Area: Europe, N. America, E. Africa.
34, (, Cynthia De Not. Desm. Ital. p. 65, t. VII, f. 71; Cooke Brit. Desm. p. 26—27. Lat. 10,5 ps apicibus 82 inter se distantibus.
In muddy ricefields. Area: Europe, N. America, E. Africa, Ceylon, Sumatra, New Zealand and
Australia.
— 166 —
35. . regulare Bréb. in Mém. Soc. Sciences, Cherbourg, 1856, IV, p. 304, t. II, f. 35.
Forma apicibus crassioribus; striis validis, visis 11.
Long. 240 yw; lat. 26,5; lat. apic. 8,5 p.
With the preceding species.
Area: Europe, W. Africa, India, Australia.
36. ©. Ralfsii Bréb. in Ralfs Brit. Desm. 1848, p. 174, t. XXX, f. 2.
Var. hybridum Rabenh. Krypt. Fl. Sachs. p. 174; Flor. Europ. Algar. Ill, p. 185.
Long. 464 4; lat. 29,5; lat. apic. 6.
Area: Europe, Ceylon and Singapore.
37. . Kiitzingii Bréb. in Mém. Soc. Sciences, Cherbourg, 1856, IV, p. 156, t. II, f. 40.
Long. 467—540 yw; lat 17 p.
In stagnant water among Spirogyra decimina var. Area: Europe, N. America, Madagascar, India, Ceylon, Japan, New Zealand and Australia.
38. 6. Cornu Ehrenb. 1830; Ralfs Brit. Desm. 1848, p. 176, t. XXX, f. 6 f et g.
Var. siamense West & G.S. West, n. var. (Tab. nostr. II, fig. 6—7).
Var. cellulis minus curvatis; zygospora subquadrata, angulis submamillatis.
Long. 140-165; lat. 5,5—7,5; diam. zygosp. 23—25 p.
This variety differs from typical Cl. Corne Ehrenb. in being somewhat less curved, and in the form of the zygospore, the angles of which are not so produced and do not project within the empty semicells. The zygospore is surrounded by a mucous investment and the semicells are attached to the outer edge of this mucus.
In muddy ricefields.
Area: Europe, N. and S. America. Australia.
39, (€. tumidum Johnson in Bull. Torr. Botan. Club, vol. 22, no. 7, July 1895, p. 291, t. 293, f.4. C. Cornu var. @ Ralfs Brit. Desm. 1848, p. 176, t. XXX, f.6 a—e. C. Cornu et forma major Wille in Ofvers. af K. Vet.-Akad. Férh. 1879, no. 5, p. 59, t. XIV, f. 80, 81.
a. Forma cellulis crassioribus. (Tab. nostr. II, fig. 4).
Long. 125; lat. 18,5; lat. apic. 4y. :
The form observed was proportionately a little thicker than Cl. tymidwm Johns., and the ventral margin was slightly less tumid. The relative in- crease in thickness was due to the somewhat greater curvature of the dorsal margin. The cell-wall was quite smooth and colourless and the apices were truncate exactly as in Johnson's figures.
— 167 —
In general appearance and curvature this form resembles Cl. littorale Gay var. crassum West & G.S. West, but it is readily distinguished by its much smaller size and its truncate apices.
b. Forma polis paullo crassioribus. (Tab. nostr. Il, fig. 3). Long. 100; lat. 14,542; lat. apic. 5,5 ye.
On rocks in riverbed.
Area: Europe, N. America, Samoa.
40. (. gracile Bréb. 1839, in Mém. Soc. Sciences, Cherbourg, 1856, IV, p. 155, t. Il, f.45. C. émneticum Lemmermann in Pléner Forschungs- berichten, Teil 7, 1899, p. 28, t. II, f. 39—41.
Long. 269 p; lat. 6,5 p.
In muddy ricefields.
Area: Europe, N. and S. America, E. Africa, Sumatra, New Zealand and Australia.
41. €, acutum Bréb. in Ralfs Brit. Desm. p. 177, t. XXX, f. 5a@et d. Long. 138—144 yp; lat. 5,3—7 pw. In muddy ricefields.
Area: Europe, N. America, E. Africa, India, Burmah, Sumatra, Central China. New Zealand and Australia.
Pleurotenium Nag.
42. P. Trabecula Nag. Gatt. einzell. Alg. 1849, p. 104, t. VI, f. A. Closterium Trabecula Ehrenb. 1830. i
Long. 462—564 yw; lat. ad bas. semicell. 28--30,5 2; lat. ad apic. semicell. 20—20,5 x.
In stagnant water in riverbed.
Area: Europe, N. and S. America, Siberia, India, E. Indies, Sandwich Is., China, Japan, Abyssinia.
43. P. maximum Lund. in Acta R. Soc. Scient. Upsala, ser. 3, VIII, 1871, p.89. Docidium maximum Reinsch in Abhandl. Naturhist. Gesellsch. zu Niirnberg, III, 1866, p. 1884, t. XII, f. 4. Plewroteenium Archerii Delp. in Memor. Accad. Sci. Torino, ser.2, XXX, 1877, p. 118, t. XIX, fig. 12-16.
Long. 522—560 p; lat. ad bas. semicell. 38—41,5 4; lat. ad med. semicell. 31—33 y; lat. ad apic. semicell. 22—24 yp.
In stagnant water among other Desmids. Area: Europe, N. America, Abyssinia, W. Africa, Ceylon, Central China.
44, P. gloriosum West & G.S. West. Docidium gloriosum Turn. in Kungl. Sv. Vet. Akad. Hand]. Bd. 25, no. 5, 1893, p. 30, t. Il, f. 5.
Forma paullo minor, inflatione parva singula ad basin semicellularum.
— 168 —
Long. 674—858 4; lat. ad bas. semicell. 334; lat. ad med. semicell. 28; lat. ad apic. semicell. 35. (Tab. nostr. Il, fig. 1).
The tubercles, which are situated just below the apex, were about 24 in number. They are much less conspicuous than the tubercles of many other Plewrotenia of this nature, and consist of somewhat slight plications of the cell-wall at the apex. In fact, the tubercles of all Plew- votenia of this nature are primarily due to a series of short (but pro- minent) foldings or plications round the apex. In a few species these plications are surmounted by actual bead-like outgrowths, but this is not often the case.
In stagnant water among Spirogyra decimina var. Area: India.
45. VP. trochiscum West & G.S. West in Trans. Linn. Soc. bot. ser. 2, V, 1896, p. 235, t. XIII, f. 4,5; cfr. Journ. Linn. Soc. bot. XXXII, 1898, p. 285—286.
Long. 335—468 4; lat. ad bas. semicell. 383—42y; lat. ad apic. semicell. 26—29 ys.
The Siamese specimens differed from the American ones in being a little thicker towards the base of the semicells. In the character, arrange- ment and number of the markings they were absolutely identical.
In stagnant water in the jungle, and in muddy ricefields, abundant. Area: N. America, Ceylon.
46. P. hypocymatium West & G.S. West |. c. 1896, p. 234, t. XU, f. 1.
Forma paullo major, undulis paucioribus eis ad basin majoribus.
Long. 451 w; lat. ad bas. semicell. 19 #; lat. ad apic. semicell. 12,5 pz.
The Siamese specimens were a little longer than the American ones and the undulations did not extend so near the ends of the semicells. As the basal undulation was also a little larger than the others the Plev-
rotenium bore a certain amount of resemblance to P. basiundutum West & G.S. West.
In stagnant water. Area: N. America, Ceylon (var angustum).
Euastrum Ehrenb.
47. E. ansatum Ehrenb.; Ralfs Brit. Desm. 1848, p. 85, t. XIV, f. 2.
In muddy ricefield. Area: Ubiquitous.
48. K, sinuosum Lenorm. in Ralfs 1. c. p. 85, t. XII, f. 5 a, b, d. E. circulare Hass.
Long. 61 ys; lat. 39 4; lat. isthm. 10 py. In stagnant water.
A small form was observed somewhat approaching var. reduetum
-— 169 —
West & G. S. West (in. Journ. Bot. March 1897, p.83; in Journ, Linn. Soc. bot. XXXII, 1897, p. 160, t. VII, f. 17).
Long. 54y; lat. 34,54; lat. isthm. 11,54. —
Among Ufricularia in riverbed.
Area: Europe, N. America, E. and W. Africa, India, Ceylon, Burmah, Sin- gapore, Sandwich Is,, New Zealand and Australia.
‘49, E. insulare Roy in Scott. Natur. April 1877. E. binale vay. insulare Wittr. in Bih, til K. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Hand]. Bd. 1, no. 1, 1872, p- 49, t. IV, f. 7.
In stagnant water in the jungle and in muddy ricefields, abundant. Area: Europe, N. America, E. Africa, India and Ceylon.
50. E. binale Ehrenb. 1840; Ralfs Brit. Desm, 1848, p. 90, t. XIV, f.8. Heterocarpella binalis Turp. 1820. Long. 14; lat. 11a; lat. isthm. 5 2.
In muddy ricefields. Area: Ubiquitous.
Si. KE. denticulatum Gay in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, XXXI, 1884, p. 335. £. binale var. denticulatum:Kirchn. in Cohn Krypt. Flor. Schle- sien, 1878, p. 159.
Long. 22; lat. 15,5; lat. isthm. 5 ys.
In stagnant water in the jungle.
Forma minor.
Long. 13; lat. 11,5; lat. isthm. 3,54; crass. 7,6 m4.
In muddy ricefields. Area: Europe, N. and 8. America. E., W., and Central Africa, Madagascar, India, Ceylon. Singapore, China, New Zealand and Australia.
Micrasterias Ag.
52. M. foliacea Bail. in Ralfs Brit. Desm. 1838, p. 210, t. XXXV, f.3; Johnson in Bot. Gaz. XIX, p. 56, t. VI, f. 1—4. Long. 58-—60y; lat. 79—81 p.
In stagnant water in the jungle, abundant. Area: N and S. America, India. Ceylon. Burmah, Java, Queensland.
53. M. Mahabuleshwarensis Hobson in Quart. Journ. Micr. Sci. V, 1863, p. 168 c. icone; Lund. in Nova Acta R. Soc. Scient. Upsala, ser. 3, Vill, 1871, p. 15, t.1, £6.
In stagnant water in the jungle, abundant.
Area: Europe, N. America. British Guiana. E. Africa and Madagascar (var. tetracera West & G.S. West). India, Burmah, Java, New Zealand (var.) and Australia.
— 170 —
Var. sureulifera Lagerh. in Bih. till K. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handl. Bd. 13, no. 9, 1888, p.5, t. I, f. i.
Long. 98 4; lat. 1004; lat. isthm. 18; crass. 49. In muddy ricefield. Area: India and Ceylon.
54. M. Mobii West & G.S. West in Journ..Linn. Soc. bot. XXXII, 1897, p. 162. Ewustrum verrucosum Ehrenb. var. Mébii Borge in Bih. till K. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Hand]. XXII, no. 9, 1896, p.13, t. II, f. 18, 19. E. verrucosum forma Mébius in Abhandl. d. Sencknb. naturf. Ges. Frank- furt a.M. 1894, Bd. 18, p. 340, t.II, f. 21.
M. mediocris, circiter 11/s-plo longior quam lata, profunde con- stricta, sinu leviter aperto ad extremum lineari et subampliato (nonnunquam sinu angusto-lineari extremo ampliato et aperto extrorsum); semicellule trilobe, incisuris latis et rotundatis; lobo polari multo majori, incudiformi, late expanso cum collo latissimo, apice convexo sed in medio late et leviter retuso, extremitatibus lateralibus emarginato-truncatis ; lobis lateralibus breviter subtrapezi- formibus, leviter bilobulatis, lobulo superiori minori cum apice un- dulato-truncatis, lobulo inferiori majori cum margine levissime et subirregulariter undulato; in centro semicellularum tumore magno dense scrobiculato, tumore minimo intra lobum lateralem unum- quemque; membrana cellularum irregulariter et minute granulata; a vertice visze oblongo-elliptice tumore magno utrobique, polis rotundatis, lobo polari oblongo-subrectangulari, lateribus convexis, polo unoquoque in processus crassos breves divaricatos duos pro- ducto, lobulo superiori lobi lateralis uniuscujusque in processus breves divaricatos duos furcato; a latere visae truncato-ovatee, late- ribus in parte superiori concavis.
Long. 111—117 »; lat. 90—36 y; lat. lob. polar. 76—80 yp; lat. isthm. 28—31 ; crass. 59—60y. (Tab. nostr. III, fig. 21.)
We have previously shown this plant to be a Micrasterias and not a species of Euastrum (cfr. Journ. Lin. Soc. 1897, p. 162), but we give
here for the first time a complete description of the typical plant. It stands nearest to Micrasterias Americana Ralfs.
In stagnant water in the jungle, abundant amongst Micrasterias Mahabu- leshwarensis and various Palmellacee. Area: Australia (Northern Queensland) Also var. Ridleyi from Singapore.
Var. tetrachastriformis West & G. S. West, n. var. (Tab. nostr. III, fig. 22).
Var. lobis lateralibus reductis, lobulo inferiori attenuato et sub-
emarginato, lobulo superiori parvo et acute conico; extremitatibus lobi polaris plus attenuatis.
Long. 108—120 »; lat. 88-111 4; lat. lob. polar. 82—96 p; lat. isthm, 24—31 p.
This variety, which occurred in a muddy ricefield, is easily distin-
— 171 —
guished from the typical form by the reduced lobules of the lateral lobes and the greater attenuation of each extremity of the polar lobe. It re- ceives its name from its resemblance to those species of Micrusterias which were at one time placed under Teérachastrwum.
55. M. retata Ralfs in Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. V, 1844, p. 299, t. VI, f.1; Brit. Desm. 1848, p. 71, t. VIII, f.1.
In stagnant water in the jungle. Area: Europe, N. and S. America. India, Singapore. Japan.
Cosmarium Corda.
56. ¢€. psendopyramidatum Lund. in Nova Acta R. Soc. Scient. Up- sala, ser. 3, VIII, 1871, p.41, t. IL, f. 18.
Long. 54 yz; lat. 36; lat. isthm. 11 p.
Area: General in temperate and tropical climates.
57. €. leve Rabenh. Flor. Europ. Algar. Ill, 1868, p. 161; Nord- stedt in Ofvers. af K. Vet.-Akad. Férh. 1876, no. 6, p. 29, t. XII, f. 4; G. 5. West in Journ. Linn. Soc. bot. 1899. (Tab. nostr. II, fig. 14.)
Long. 22—25 2; lat. 16—19,5 7; lat.isthm. 5,8—6,72; crass.9—10 p. Zygospore angulari-globose, glabre, angulis leviter incrassatis. Diam. zygosp. 22—25y. (Tab. nostr. II, fig. 15—16).
This occured in enormous quantity on rocks in a riverbed and the zygospores were abundant. We have previously described what we then thought to be this plant in zygospore (cfr. West & G. S. West in Journ. Roy. Micr. Soc. 1896, p. 154—5, t. IV, f. 35; West in Notarisia 1892, p. 1502), but we can now definitely say that is was not. The Cosmariwm we described from Portugal as_C. lave with zygospores (,zygospore glo- bose’ spinis brevibus numerosis truncatis bifidisve ornate“) is certainly not C. leve Rabenh., but some other closely allied species with smooth cells and a spiny zygospore. We are sure of this because we have now obtained C. leve Rabenh. in zygospore in such great quantity.
Area: Europe, N. and S, America, E, and W. Africa, Madagascar, India, Ceylon, E. Indies, New Zealand and Australia.
58. (¢. pseudonitidulum Nordst. in Acta Univ. Lund. IX, 1873, p. 16, t. 1, f. 4.
Long. 37 #2; lat. 25; lat. isthm. 7,5; crass. 16 u.
All the forms seen were very delicately punctate.
In stagnant water in riverbed amongst Spirogyra gracilis. Also among Utricularia in riverbed. Area: Europe, Gentral China.
59. €. obsoletum Reinsch in Abhandl. Senckenb. naturf. Gesellsch. VI, 1867, p. 142, t. XXII DI, f. 1—4; in Abhandl. Naturhist. Gesellsch. zu Niirnberg Ill, 167, p. 184, t. XII, f. 4. C. palustre Turner in Kongl.
— 172 —
Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handl. Bd. 24, no. 5, 1893, p. 60, t. VIII, f. 65, t. IX, f. 2. C. palustre var. ovale Turn. 1. c.
a. Typical forms of the usual size of this species in the tropics.
Long 60—64y; lat. 69—75y; lat. isthm. 30—31 p. ;
These specimens were exactly like those from Ceylon and Singapore, and all possessed the large conical pore which passes through the thickening at the basal angles of the semicells. ‘Turner, who misinterpreted the nature of this pore, figured it as a spine at the angle, and thus created a new name ,C. palustre’ for typical specimens of the large form of C. obsoletum so abundant in tropical Asia.
b. Smaller forms without the conical pore at the basal angles.
Long. 34; lat. 44y; lat. isthm. 15,5—18 yw; crass. 23 ps.
The above two forms show a marked difference in size and corres- pond to the two forms mentioned by Liitkemiiller from Central China (Cfr. Ann. des k. k. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, 1900, Bd. XV, Heft 2, p. 119).
Abundant in stagnant water in the jungle.
Area: Europe, N. and S. America, India, Ceylon, Burmah, Central China, E. Indies, New Zealand and Australia.
60. C.subanriculatum West & G.S. West in Trans. Linn. Soc. bot. ser. 2, V, 1895, p. 55, t. VI, f. 31.
Long. 46 2; lat. sine spinul. 48 #, cum spinul. 52 p; lat. isthm. 21 4; crass. 29. (Tab. nostr. II, fig. 19.)
_ In stagnant water among other Desmids.
Area: Madagascar, Central China.
Var. truancatum West & G. S. West, n. var. (Tab. nostr. UJ, fig. 20.)
Var. angulis truncatis, spinis binis reductis ornatis; a vertice visis ut in forma typica. :
Long. 41; Jat. 46 4; lat. isthm. 18 4; crass. 24.
Compare with the front view of C. eroswm Delp.
In stagnant water in the jungle.
61. (. Schmidtii West & G.S. West, n. sp. (Tab. nostr. Ill, fig. 27 — 28.)
C. parvum, paullo longius quam latum, modice constrictum, sinu breviter lineari extrorsum aperto; semicellulee elliptico-semi- circulares (cellule subcirculares), isthmo lato; a vertice vise ellip- ticee; a latere visee subcirculares; membrana delicatissime et dense punctulata, pyrenoidibus singulis.
ee 22—23 w; lat. 18—20 yp; lat. isthm. 8,5—9,5 2; crass. 11,5 — 1a,o fs
After much consideration we have come to the conclusion that this must be described as a distinct species. The shape of the semicells and the wide isthmus are characteristic. Perhaps the nearest species are C. melanosporum Arch. and C. nitiduliim De Not., but from both ‘these species it is easily distinguished.
— 173 —
In large numbers amongst C. leve Rabenh. on rocks in a riverbed, and also in stagnant water amongst various species of Spirogyra.
62. C. subtriordinatum West & G. S. West in Journ. Bot. April 1897, p. 122, t. 368, f. 11.
Forma. (Tab. nostr. II, fig. 18.)
Long. 22--24 »; lat. 21 2; lat. isthm. 6—6,5 4; crass. 12,5—13,5 p.
These forms only differ from the African examples in the somewhat simplified central granules. They are distinguished from C. subpunctula- tum Nordst. by their smaller size, much fewer and more acute granules, and by the different arrangement of the central granules.
In stagnant water in the jungle.
Area: W. Africa.
63. €. pseudotaxichondrum Nordst. in Ofvers. af K. Vet.-Akad. Férh. 1877, no. 3, p. 20, t. Il, f. 5. Var. siamense West & G.S. West, n. var. (Tab. nustr. III, fig. 26).
Var. sinu apertiori, semicellulis minus angularibus, marginibus lateralibus leviter undulatis, cum serie granulorum magnorum 3 trans medium semicellule uniuscujusque.
Long. 26; lat. 292; lat. isthm..6,5 4; crass. 17 p.
This variety is nearest to C. pseudotaxichondrum var. africanum West & G.S. West (in Journ. Bot. May 1897, p. 1738, t. 367, f. 14).
In stagnant water in the jungle. Area: This species (with its varieties) 1s widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions.
64. (. quadrifarium Lund in Nova Acta Soc. Scient. Upsala, ser. 3, VIII, p. 32, t. II, fig. 12.
Forma hexasticha Nordst. in Kongl. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handl. Bd. 22, no. 8, p.49; C. hexastichum Lund. |.c. p. 33, t. I, f. 13.
Long. 53; lat. 41 w; lat. isthm. 174; crass. 29 p.
In stagnant water in riverbed. Area of type: Europe, N. America, Ceylon.
65. (€. subdecoratum West & G. S. West in Journ. Linn. Soc. bot. XXXII, 1897, p. 164, t. VII, f. 13. Long. 76 4; lat. 54—59 4; lat. isthm. 19—22 p.
In stagnant water in the jungle. Area: Ceylon and Singapore.
66. €. pseudorthopunctatum West & G.S. West, n.sp. (Tab. nostr. Il, fig. 12—13.) C. parvum, circiter tam longum quam latum, profunde con-
strictum sinu aperto et acutangulo; semicellule subelliptice, ventre valde convexee, dorso valde convexee in medio subrecte, angulis
— 174 —
leviter subangularibus; membrana granulata, granulis in seriebus verticalibus 9—10 (in serie unaquaque circiter 5); a_ vertice vise elliptic; a latere vise circulares; pyrenoidibus singulis.
Long. 24 4; lat. 20—23,5 4; lat. isthm. 5,7—6,8 2; crass. 12 pw.
It is nearest to C. orthopunctatum Schmidle (in Oesterr. botan. Zeit- schrift 1895, p. 389, t. XV, f. 15) but is much smaller, has more flattened apices, and both the rows of granules and the number of granules in each row are much fewer in number. The vertical view is also more narrowly elliptical and is never rhomboidal.
On rocks in riverbed among C. leve Rabenh.
67. €, Blyttii Wille in Vid.-Selsk. Forhandl. Christiania, 1880, no. 11, p. 25, t. 1, f. 7.
Long. 17 2; lat. 162; lat. isthm. 4,7 p.
In stagnant water in the jungle.
Area: Europe, N. America. West, Gentral and East Africa. Madagascar, Ceylon, Central. China, New Zealand and Australia.
Forma minor: Long. 13,5; lat. 13; lat. isthm. 2,8; crass. 8,5 ps.
In muddy ricefields.
68. (€. Reinsehii Archer in Quart. Journ. Micr. Sci., n.s. VI, p. 109. C.sp. Reinsch Contrib. Alg. et Fung. Lipsie 1875, t. XVIII, f. 4.
Membrana cellulz subtilissime punctata.
Long. 37», lat. 30; lat. isthm. 8; crass. 16y.
In stagnant water amongst Spirogyra decimina var. Area: Europe, N. America, Australia.
69. €. equatum West & G.S. West, n.sp. (Tab. nostr. Il, fig. 17.)
C. parvum, paullo latius quam longum, profunde constrictum, sinu sublineari et paullo aperto; semicellule transverse oblong, marginibus lateralibus rotundatis, apicibus latissimis leviter concavis; a vertice visee oblongee, polis rotundatis; a latere visee circulares; membrana glabra. ,
Long. 31; lat. 36; lat. isthm. 13,24; crass. 15,3 p.
Among Utricularia in riverbed.
70. ©. exiguum Archer in Proc. Dubl. Nat. Hist. Soc. IV, 1864, p. 49, t. 1, f. 32, 33; Nordst. in Kongl. Sv. Vet,-Akad. Handl. Bd. 22, no. 8, p. 58, t. VI, f. 12.
Long. 15,3 4; lat 8; lat. isthm. 1,6 w.
In stagnant water amongst Spirogyra.
Area: Europe, N. America, W. Africa, Madagascar, Ceylon, New Zealand.
71. (. Norimbergense Reinsch in Abhandl. Naturhist. Gesellsch. zu Niirnberg, Bd. 3, 1866, p. 113, t. IX, f. 2. C. Hammeri Reinsch var.
— 175 —
octogibbosum Reinsch 1. ec. p. 112, t. X, f. 1. C. octogibbosum (Reinsch) Turner 1893. C. octogibbosum var. indica Turn. Forma depressa West &G.S. West in Journ. Bot. April 1897, p. 119. Long. 14,5—15,5 w; lat. 13,5—t4y; lat. isthm. 5p.
Area: Europe, W. and E. Africa (vars.), India and Ceylon (forms), Burmah, E. Indies (var.), Central China, New Zealand.
72. ©. Meneghinii Bréb. in Ralfs Brit. Desm. 1848, p. 96, t. XV, f. 6. Long. 22 y; lat. 164; lat. isthm. 4,5 py.
Forma: cells narrower and semicells more rounded.
Long. 1819 »; lat. 12,5—135 4; lat. isthm. 3,5—3,8 4; crass. 8 y.
In stagnant water in the jungle with the preceding species. Area: Ubiquitous.
73. €. angulosum Bréb. in Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Cherbourg, IV, 1856, p. 127, t.1, f.17. C. Meneghinii Bréb. var. angulosum Rabenh. 1868.
Var. concinnum West & G.S.'West. C. concinnum Reinsch. Long. 124; lat. 10; lat. isthm. 2,6 p.
In stagnant water amongst Spirogyra. Area: Europe, N. America, Madagascar. W. Africa.
74, €. pusillum Arch. in Pritch. Infus. 1861, p. 731. Euastrum pusillum Bréb. 1856.
Long. 124; lat. 11; lat. isthm. 4,5 p. Area: Europe, S. America, India, Ceylon, N. Zealand.
75. €. contraetum Kirchn. Alg. Schlesien, Breslau 1878, p. 147; Wolle Desm. U.S. 1884, p. 68, t. 50, f. 24.
Forma minor: long. 26 2; lat. 20 yu; lat. isthm. 3,8 #; crass. 13 p.
Except for its rather more open sinus this form is identical with that known as C. ellipsoideum Elfv. forma minor Racib. in Pamietnik Akad. Umiej. w Krakowie, Wydz. matem.-prz. X, 1885, p. 84, t. X, £9. (=C. proteiforme Turner in Kongl. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Hand]. Bd. XXV, no. 5, 1893, p. 64, t. IX. f. 26).
C. ellipsoideum Elfv. does not differ sufficiently from C. contractum Kirchn. to warrant its separation as a distinct species.
In stagnant water in the jungle.
Area: Generally distributed.
76. (. emarginatum West & G. S. West in Trans. Linn. Soc. bot. ser. 2, V, 1895, p. 58, t. VIII, f. 14. Long. 9—10 y; lat. 8,3—9,5 #; lat. isthm. 4,42; crass. 4,6 py. With the preceding species. Area: Madagascar. E. Africa (var.). Botanisk Tidsskrift. 24. Bind. 412
— 176 —
77. €. exile West & G.S. West. Dysphinctium exile Turner in Kongl. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Hand]. Bd. 25,.no.5, 1893, p. 40, t.1, f. 21*. ‘Forma curta; cellulis diametro subduplo longioribus. Long. 183—15 yz; lat. 7,5—8,5: lat. isthm. 5,9—6,3 p. In stagnant water amongst various Alge. Area: India.
78. (. psendaretoum Nordst. in Wittr. & Nordst. Alg. Exsicc. no. 257 cum fig. xylogr. 1879.
Forma australis West & G.S. West. C. subarctoum (Lagerh.) Racib. forma australis Racib. in Rospraw. Wydz. matem.-przy. Akad. Umiej. Krakow. tom. XXII, 1892, p. 363, t. VI, f. 22.
Long. 13,5—17 4; lat. 8,5—10y; lat. isthm. 7—8,5 yw.
On rocks in riverbed amongst C. leve Rabenh. and C. Schmidtii n. sp.
Raciborski’s Australian plant is decidedly a form of C. pseudarctoum Nordst. Area: Europe, Australia.
79. €. pseudoconnatum Nordst. in Vidensk. Medd. f. d. naturh. Foren. Kjebenhavn, 1869, no. 14, p. 214, t. III, f. 17.
Long. 59 #; lat. 42,5 4; lat. isthm. 38 ys.
In muddy ricefields.
Area: Europe, N. and 8. America, India, Ceylon, Madagascar.:
80. €. subturgidum (Turner) Schmidle in Hedwigia, Bd. XXXIV, 1895, p. 300. Dysphinctium subturgidum Turn. in Kongl. Sv. Vet.-Akad- Hand]. Bd. 25, no.5, 1893, p. 40, t. VII, f. 4.
Ferma minor Schmidle l.c. t. IV, f. 2.
Long. 96; lat. 524; lat. isthm. 49 p.
In stagnant water amongst Spirogyra decimina var. Area: E. Africa, India, Sumatra, Java, Samoa, Australia.
Staurastrum Meyen.
81. S.apiculatum Bréb. in Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Cherbourg, IV, 1856, p. 142, t. I, f. 23; West & G.S. West in Trans. Linn. Soc. bot. ser. 2, V, 1896, p. 254, t. XVI, £. 6.
Long. sine spin. 21 4; lat. sine spin. 21 4; long. spin. 1,5 ps Tat. isthm. 6,5 ps.
Area: Europe, N. America, India, Japan.
82. §. bifidum Ralfs in Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. V, 1845, p. 151, t. XxX, f. 3; Lund. in Nova Acta Soc. Scicnt. Upsala, ser. 3, VIII, 1871, p. 62, t.IV, f. 2.
— 77 —
Forma spinis valde convergentibus.
Long. 33 yz: lat. sine spin. 29 2; long. spin. 7—8 js; lat. isthm. 12 p. On rocks in riverbed.
Area: Europe, Siberia, India, Ceylon, Java, Japan.
83. S.echinatum Bréb. in Ralfs Brit. Desm. 1848, p. 215, t. XXXV, f. 24, ‘
Long. sine spin. 33 u, cum spin. 42 y; lat. sine spin. 29 2, cum spin. 40; lat. isthm. 9. (Tab. nostr. ili, fig. 31).
This Stawrastrum of which we observed several examples, has been referred to S. echinatum Bréb. after much consideration. It is certainly not a form of S. teliferum Ralfs., neither is it a form of S. gladiosum Turn., the only other species with which it could be confounded. Bré- bisson’s figure in Ralf’s ,British Desmids‘ (l.c.) is a very poor one, and yet our plant agrees with it in size, in outward form, in the depth of its constriction, and in relative length and number of the spines.
From S. teliferum Ralfs it differs in its somewhat rhomboideo-ellip- tical semicells which cause a much more open sinus; the spines are more numerous, a little longer and more delicate; the angles of the vertical view are not so rounded, the sides are hardly so concave, and the spines are more scattered.
From S. gladiosum Turn. it is distinguished by its somewhat smaller size, by its relatively longer cells, its more angular semicells and slightly more open sinus; the spines are about the same in number, but they are slightly longer and more delicate, and are more or less evenly distributed over the whole of the semicells; the angles of the vertical view are not so rounded and’ the spines extend all over the central part (i.e. all over the actual dorsal region of the semicells of the Staurastrum).
The S. echinatum figured by Wolle (Desm. U.S. 1884, t. 45, f. 31 —32) does not represent the species, the spines being too short. That figured by Turner (in Kongl. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Hand]. Bd. 25, no. 5, 1893, t. VI, f. 48) may be a form of S. echinatum Bréb. but it does not agree sufficiently well with Brébisson’s figure in Ralfs ,British Desmids‘ to represent a typical specimen. The plant recorded by Schmidle (in Engler’s Botan. Jahrbuch. Bd. XXVI, 1898, p. 55) as ,S¢. echinatum forma ?* and figured by him (t. IV, f. 11) as ,S. echinatum Bréb.“ is much too short-spined for Brébisson’s species and is much nearer a small form of S. pilosum (Nag.) Arch.
In stagnant water in the jungle. Area: Europe, India.
84. 8S. submonticulosum Roy et Biss., in Journ. Bot. 1886, p. 238, t. 268, f. 7.
Forma angulis propius ad basin semicellularum; isthmo paullo angu- stiori. Long. 28 wz; lat. 31 2; lat. isthm. 8 p. In stagnant water among other Desmids. Area: Japan. 12*
a s. e
85. §. orbiculare Menegh. Synops. Desm. in Linnea 1840, p. 295; Ralfs Brit. Desm. 1848, p. 125, t. XXI, f. 5.
Var. depressum Roy et Biss. 1. c. p. 237, t. 268, f. 14. Long. 21—25 2; lat. 21 —25 w; Jat. isthm. 7,5 p—8,6 With the preceding species.
Area (of type and varieties): Ubiquitous.
86. §,.Bieneanum Rabenh. Alg. No. 1410; West & G. S. West in Journ. Roy. Micr. Soc. 1896, p. 158, t. Ill, f. 27. &. orbicwlare var. Bieneanum Rabenh. Flor. Europ. Algar. TI, p. 200.
Var. orientale West. & G.S. West, n. var. (Tab. nostr. Ill, fig. 29.)
Var. minor, dorso semicellularum convexo (non retuso in medio); membrana glabra. : Long. 25; lat. 22,5; lat. isthm. 6p.
Only one specimen of the Siamese plant was seen and provisionally we place it as a variety of S. Bieneanum Rabenh. It is very probable that S. Bieneanum var. orientale will ultimately prove to be a distinct species. ae
Area (of type): Europe, N. America, E. Africa, Madagascar, Siberia, Japan, Samoa, New Zealand and Australia.
87. §. Zahlbruckneri Liitkem. in Ann. des k. k. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien 1900, Bd. XV, Heft 2, p. 125, t. VI, f. 41—43.
Var. mamillatum West & G. S. West, n. var. (Tab. nostr. III, fig. 35 37.)
Var. cellulis in ambitu subcircularibus; semicellulis subdepréssis semicircularibus, apicibus latissime rotundatis; angulis bilobulatis, lobulis valde mamillatis, iis semicellule alterius interdigitatis cum jis alterius; a vertice visis lateribus subrectis.
Long. 92-95 yw; lat. 80—82 y; lat. isthm. 27—28,5 p.
Numerous examples of this fine Staurastvum were seen. The typical form was recently described by Liitkemiiller from the Ningpo Mountains in Central Ghina. The Siamese variety is relatively shorter and possesses more rounded semicells; the angles are more deeply lobed and distinctly mamillate, the mamillate lobes of one angle fitting into those of the other, thus causing a striking peculiarity of the sinus, the aperture of which is rarely visible.
The cell-wall is very much thickened at the mamillate angles and shows a marked lamination. Sometimes a few lateral wart-like excrescences are present on the opposed faces of two interdigitating lobes of the angles. The cell-wall is strongly punctate as in the typical form.
In stagnant water in the jungle.
Area (of type): Central China.
88. §, alternans Bréb. in Ralfs Brit. Desm. p. 132, t. XXI, f.7. Long. 26 4; lat. 254; lat. isthm. 8,5 u.
— 179 —
In muddy ricefields.
Area: Europe, N. America, E. Africa, India, Java, New Zealand and Australia.
89. §. hexacerum Wittr. in Bih. till K. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handl. 1872, Bd. 1. no.1, p. 51. Desmidium? heaaceros Ehrenb. 1833. ° S. tricorne Menegh. 1840; Ralfs Brit. Desm. 1848, p. 134, t. XXII, f.11 a@ et 2, t. XXXIV, f. 8 a, .
Var. tropicum West & G.S. West, n. var. (Tab. nostr. Ill, fig. 30).
Var. semicellulis elliptico-fusiformibus, ventre convexiori quam dorso; granulis minutissimis in seriebus trans angulos.
Long. 16 2; lat. 20; lat. isthm. 5,4,
This is probably identical with the form figured from Sumatra by Schmidle-as S. pygmawm Bréb. var. obtusum Wille.
In muddy ricefields.
Area (of type): Europe, N. and S. America, W. and E. Africa, Madagascar, Japan, New Zealand.
90. §. micron West & G.S. West in Journ. Roy. Micr. Soc. 1896, p. 159, t. IV, f. 50, 54. 5 ‘Forma spinis reductis et numerosioribus. (Tab. nostr. Ill, fig. 38.)
Long. cum proc. si lat. cum proc. 19—21 yw; lat. isthm. 5—5.5 pe
‘In- stagnant water in the cant Area: Hupp, W. Africa (var.).
S. pseudotetracerum West. et G. S. West in Trans. Linn. Soc. fot ser. 2, V, 1895, p. 79, ‘t. VI, £39. S. contortum Delp. var. pseudo- tetracerum Nordst. in Kongl. Sv. Vet. -Akad. Hand]. Bd. 22, no. 8, P. 50, t. v, f. 14.
"Var. ‘robustum West & G.S..West, n. var. (Tab. nostr. IIL, ne 32 — 34.)
Var. cellulis (sine processibus) -paullo longioribus, processibus brevioribus::a vertice visis 4-radiatis.
'. Long. sine proc. 16—20 », cum proc. 19—25 yp; lat. sine proc. circ. 9,5—13 yz, cum proc. ‘1/26 yp; lat. isthm. 5,5—6 yp.
With the preceding species. Area (of type): N. America, Madagascar, Ceylon, New Zealand.
92. §, margaritaceum Menegh. Synops. Desm. in Linnea 1840, p. 227; Ralfs Brit. Desm. 1848, p. 134, t. XXI, f. 9.
Forma 5-gona.
In stagnant water amongst Spirogyra, decimina var.
Var. robustum West & G. S. West in Journ. Roy. Micr. Soc. 1897, p. 496, t. VI, f. 14.
— 180 —
Long. 25,5 w; lat. cum proc. 27,5 m2; Jat. isthm. 7,5 pu. In stagnant water in the jungle. Area (of type): Ubiquitous.
93. S. inconspicuum Nordst. in Acta Univ. Lund. IX, 1873, p. 26, tI, fai.
Long. 14; lat. 132; lat. isthm. 5,2 p.
With the preceding species. Area: Europe, N. America, Siberia, Burmah.
94, §, leptacanthum Nordst. in Vidensk. Medd. Naturh. Foren. Kja- benhavn, 1869, p. 229, t. IV, f. 46.
Long. s. proc. 384, c. proc. 76; lat. s. proc. 19y, ¢. proc. 50 p.
In muddy ricefields. Area: N. and S, America. Senegal. Ceylon. Siberia.
Arthrodesmus Ehrenb.
95. A. alatus West & G.S. West, n. sp. (Tab. nostr. Ill, fig. 283—25).
A. parvus, circiter tam longus quam latus, profundissime con- strictus, sinu angusto-lineari extremo subampliato; semicellule late rectangularo-trapeziformes, angulis inferioribus subrotundatis, lateri- bus leviter concavis et sursum divergentibus, angulis superioribus leviter productis, subrotundatis cum spina brevissima minutissima, apicibus late retusis, nonnunquam spinis brevissimis minutissimis paucis 2—4 circa angulos superiores; a vertice visze ellipticee, polis apiculatis; membrana delicatissime punctata. ;
Long. 25—31y; lat. bas. semicell. 20—95 »; lat. apic. semicell. 23--27 1; lat. isthm. 4,4—7,54; crass. 12,5 p.
Numerous examples of this species were obtained from amongst Utricularia’in a riverbed. They varied a little in their general form and proportions, but the chief variation was in the small spines round the upper angles of the semicells. The majority of specimens possessed only the apiculations at the upper angles, but others possessed a variable
number (from one to four) of small spines arranged approximately in a ring round the angles.
In outward form it cannot be mistaken for any other species of the genus.
Hyalotheca Ehrenb.
96. H. undulata Nordst. in Wittr. et Nordst. Alg. Exsicc. 1879 no. 248.
Long. 183—17 p; lat. 5,7—6,7 p.
In stagnant water in riverbed.
Area: Europe, N. America, India.
’
— 181 —
97. H. dissiliens Bréb. in Ralfs Brit. Desm. 1848, p. 51, t.I, f. 1. Lat. 16--18y; diam. zygosp. 19—22 yw.
In stagnant water in riverbed among various species of Spirogyra, with zygospores. Area: Ubiquitous.
Ord. Protococcacee.
Fam. Palmellacez.
Coelastrum Nag.
98. (€. sphericum Nag. Gatt. einzell. Alg. 1849, p.98, t.V, fC 1.
In stagnant water in the jungle.
Area: Europe, N. and S. America, W. Indies, Madagascar, India, Sumatra, Siberia, New Zealand.
99. €. pulehrum Schmidle in Bericht. d. d. Botan. Gesellsch. Bd. X, 1892, p. 206, t. XI, f. 1.
Var. intermedium Bohlin in Bih. till K. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Hand]. Bd. 23, no.,7, 1897, p. 35, t. Il, f. 16, 17.
In stagnant water in the riverbed. Area (of type): Europe, S. America, Ceylon, Queensland.
Pediastrum Meyen. 100. P. duplex Meyen. P. pertusum Kiitz. P. Napoleonis Ralfs Brit. Desm. p. 184, t. XXXI, f. 7. With the preceding species abundant. Area: General in temperate and tropical regions. Var. elathratum A. Br. Alg. Unicell. p. 93. With the typical form.
101. P. Tetras (Ehrenb.) Ralfs in Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. XIV, 1844, p. 469, t. XU, f.4. Micrasterias Tetras Ehrenb. 1838.
With the preceding species and very abundant. Coenobia of 4, 1+7 and 5 +11 cells.
Area: Ubiquitous. Scenedesmus Meyen.
102. §. bijugatus (Turp.) Kiitz. Syn. Diat. 1333, p.607. Achnan- thes bijuga Turp.
Abundant in stagnant water in the jungle and in muddy ricefields.
Area: Ubiquitous.
103. S. denticulatus Lagerh. in Ofvers. af K. Vet.-Akad. Férh. 1882, no. 2, p. 61, t. Il, f. 13—16.
sep (Roos
Var. linearis Hansg. in Archiv Naturwiss. Landesdurchf. Béhm. Bd. 6, 1888, p. 268.
In muddy ricefields. Area: Europe, N. America, W. Africa, Madagascar, Ceylon.
104. §. aeutiformis Schréder in Forschungsberichten der Pléner Biol. Stat. Heft 5, 1897, p.17, t. I, f. 4.
Var. spinuliferum West & G.S. West n. var. (Tab. nostr. IV, fig. 46 —49.)
Var. ceenobiis e cellulis 2—8 (plerumque 4) constitutis; polis cellularum spinis curvatis minutis 2—3 instructis.
Long. cell. sine spin. 14—24 4; lat. cell. 3,2—8,5 4; long. spin. 1—5,7 ps.
This variety occurred in large quantity amongst other Palmellacew in stagnant water. The coenobia were of all sizes and contained from two to eight cells. All the cells possessed the lateral ridges characteristic of this species. The small spines were very variable in number and position, but were always of appreciable length and generally considerably curved.
It bears a considerable resemblance to S. denticulatus var. linearis Hansg., but is readily distinguished by the two prominent ridges -on each cell of the ccenobium. The spines at the poles of each cell are also longer and more curved than in S. denticulatus Lagerh.
105. §. quadricauda (Turp.) Bréb, in Mém. Soe. se. nat. Falaise, bot. 1835, p. 66: Ralfs Brit. Desm. 1848, p. 180, t. XXXI, f. 12.
In stagnant water in riverbed. Area: Ubiquitous.
Rhaphidium Kiitz. 106. R. pelymorphum Fresen. in Abhandl. der Senckenb. naturf. Gesellsch. Il, p. 199, t. VIE. Var. aciculare (A. Br.) Rabenh. Flor. Europ. Algar. I, p. 45. In stagnant water in the. jungle. Var. faleatum (Corda) Rabenh. 1. c. With the preceding variety. Area: This species and its varieties are ubiquitous.
107. R. convolutum (Corda) Rabenh. 1. c¢. p. 46.
Lat. cell. 3,8 pn. With the preceding species.
Area: Europe. Selenastrum Reinsch.
108. §S. gracile Reinsch. in Abhandl. Naturhist. Gesellsch. zu -Nirn- berg, Ill, 1866, p. 63, t.IV, f. 3a—0.
— 183 —
In stagnant water, scarce. Area: Europe, 8. America, Abyssinia, India.
Tetraédron Kiitz. 109. TT. regulare Kiitz. Phyc. Germ. p.129. Polyedrium tetraédri- cum Nag. Gait. einzell. Alg. 1849, p. 84, t IVB, f. 3. Diam, 22—93 2. Area; Europe, N. and S. America, W. Indies, E. Africa, Abyssinia, Kordofan.
110. TT. bifureatum Lagerh. in Nuova Notarisia 1893, p. 160. Po- lyedrium tetraédricum Nag. var. bifurcatum Wille.
Diam. sine spin. 388—46 », cum. spin. 50—59 yw. (Tab. nostr. IV, fig. 50.)
Area: N. and 8. America, W. Indies, Abyssinia, Kordofan.
111. 'T. octaédricum (Reinsch) Hansg. in Hedwigia 1888, p. 131. Polyedrium octaédricum Reinsch.
Diam. 25-—27 ys.
Var. spinosum. LP. octaédricum var. spinoswm Reinsch.
Diam. sine spin. 21—26 y, cum spin. 32—38 yp.
Area: Europe.
112. TT. cruciatum West & G.S. West. Micrasterias cruciata Wal- lich in Ann, Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. V, 1860, p. 281, te XIII, f. 12; Staurophanum cruciatum Turn. in Kongl. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handl. Bd. 25, no. 5, 1893, p. 159, t. XX, f.20, 91.
Diam. 52—54 p. (Tab. nostr. IV, fig. 51.)
The eight angles were bifurcate (not trifurcate) and a few of the spines were again furcate.
Amongst various Desmids, Scenedesmus, etc., in stagnant water in the jungle. Area: India, Ceylon.
‘Reinschiella De Toni.
113. R.siamensis West & G.S. West, n.sp. (Tab. nostr. IV, fig. 52.)
Cellulee magnze, solitarize et libere natantes, late lunato-lanceo- late, margine exteriori multum convexo, margine interiori subrecto et levissime retuso, apicibus productis in spinas longas gracillimas et recurvatas.
Long. sine spin. 77»; lat. 28; long. spin. circ. 17—52 p.
Apparently a distinct species nearest to I. crassispina De Toni.
With various Desmids amongst Spirogyra decimina var. in stagnant water.
— 184 —
114. R.obesa West & G.S.West, n. sp. (Tab. nostr. IV, fig. 53—54.)
Cellule mediocres, solitarize vel bine (interdum 3), libere na- tantes, oblique ellipsoidese, paullo curvate, margine exterior! con- vexo vel recto et levissime retuso, margine interiori valde convexo, apicibus spina robusta curvata brevi acutissima preeditis.
Long. sine spin. 29—30,5 #, eum spin. 42—46 ; lat. 14; long. spin. 6,5—7,5 p.
One cell possessed a short, thick, extra spine near to one pole.
This plant differs from the other species of Reinschiella in the fact that the ventral (or internal) margin is much more convex than the dorsal (or external) margin. The spines thus appear to be curved in the op- posite’ direction to the apparent curvature of the cells.
Among various Palmellacee in stagnant water in the jungle.
Dictyospherium Nag. 115. D. pulchellum Wood in Smithson. Contrib. to Knowl. 1873, p. 84, t. X, f.4. D. globosum Richt. in Hedwigia 1884, p. 65. Diam. cell. 3,8—4,5 ps.
In stagnant water. Area: Europe, N. and S. America. Abyssinia, Australia.
Botryococcus Kitz. 116. B. Braunii Ktitz. Spec. Algar. p. 892; Rabenh. Flor. Europ. Algar. Tlf, p. 43.
In stagnant water. Area: Europe, N. and S. America, Abyssinia, India, Sumatra.
Ineffigiata West & G. S. West.
117. L neglecta West & G.S. West in Journ. Roy. Micr. Soc. 1897, p. 503.
In stagnant water in the jungle. Area: Kurope, N. America, Ceylon.
Dimorphococcus A. Br.
118. D. Iumatus A. Braun Alg. Unicell. p. 44; Rabenh. Flor. Europ. Algar. III, p. 36, cum fig. xylogr.; West in Journ. Roy. Micr. Soc. 1892, p. 735, t. IX, f.39. Scenedesmus radiatus Reinsch.
With the preceding plant.
Area: Europe, S. America. Oocystis Nag.
119. 0. elliptiea West in Journ. Roy. Micr. Soc. 1892, p. 736, t. X, £. 56,
Frequent in stagnant water in the jungle and in muddy ricefields. Area: Europe, N. America, Madagascar, Ceylon.
— 185 —
Gleeocystis Nag. 120. G. vesiculosa Nag. Gatt. einzell. Alg. 1849, p. 66, t- IVF.
In stagnant water amongst other Palmellacee. Area: Europe, N. and 8. America, Ceylon, Australia.
121. G. gigas (Kiitz.) Lagerh. in Ofvers. af K. Vet.-Akad. Férh. 1883, no.2, p.63. Protococcus gigas Kiitz. Chlorococcwm gigas Grun. Gleo- cystis ampla Rabenh. ;
In stagnant water in the jungle and in muddy ticefields. Area: Ubiquitous.
Kirchneriella Schmidle.
122. HK. obesa Schmidle in Flora oder Allg. Bot. Zeitung 1894, Heft 1, p. 44. Selenastrum obesum West in Journ. Roy. Micr. Soc. 1892, p. 734, t.X, f. 50—52.
Crass. cell. 4,8—5,2 pw.
In stagnant water in the jungle. Area: Europe.
Appendix. Fam. Characeae. ')
Chara.
123. €. gymnopithys Al. Br. vel €. flaccida Al. Br.
The specimens were too young for a certain determination.
Muddy ricefield near Lem Dan.
Class. Florideae. Fam. Helminthocladiaceae.
Batrachospermum Roth. 124. WB. moniliforme Roth. var. tonfusum (Hass.).
On rocks in small waterfalls in the jungle near Klong Son. Area: Europe.
1) Auctore 0. Nordstedt.
Figure
53—
— 186 —
Description of Plates.
a, @ = cellula vel semicellula a fronte visa.
b — iar < 4 a vertice visa.
c = Ss 5 i a latere visa. ad == semicellula a basi visa.
Plate JI.
Plewrotenium gloriosum West & G.S. West forma. >< 520. Gonatozygon Kinahuni Rabenh. var. tropicunt West & G. S, West, n. var. Closterium tumidum Johnson. Two forms. >< 520. Closterium acerosum Ehrenb. forma. With zygospore. >< 120. Clostertum Cornu Ehrenb. var. siamense West & G.S.West, n. var. > 520. Cylindrocystis subpyramidata West & G.S. West, n.sp. >< 520. Cosmarium pseudorthopunctatum West & G.S. West, n.sp. >< 520. Cosmarium leve Rabenh. 15 and 16, zygospores. >< 520. Cosmarium cequatum West & G.S. West, n.sp. >< 520. Cosmarinm subtriordinatum West & G.S. West forma. >< 520. Cosmarium subauriculatum West & G.S. West. >< 520.
és - var. truncatum West & G.S. West, n. var.
>< 520.
Plate III.
Micrasterias Mébii West & G.S. West. >< 520. " > var. telrachastriformis West & G. S. West, n. var,
>< 520.
Arthrodesmus alatus West & G.S. West, n.sp. >< 520.
Cosmarium pseudotaxichondrum Nordst. var. siamense West & G. S. West, n. var. >< 520. ,
Cosmarium Schnvidiiti West & G.S. West, n. sp. >< 520.
Staurastrum Bieneanwm Rabenh. var. orientale West & G. S. West, n. var. >< 520.
pic oy hexacerum Wittr. var. tropicum West & G.S. West, n. var. >< 520.
Staurastrum echinatum Bréb. >< 590.
Staurastrum pseudotetracerum West & G.S. West var. robustwin West & G.S. West, n. var. >< 520. :
Staurastrum Zahlbrucknert Liitkem. var. mamillatum. West & G.S. West, n. var. >< 520. :
Staurastrum micron West & G.S. West, forma. >< 520.
Plate 1V.
Edogonium maximum West & G.S. West, n.sp. >< 220.
CEdogonium dioicum Carter. >< 220.
Spirogyra Schmidtii West & G.S. West, n sp. 43 and 44, >< 220; 4d, >< 520. , :
Scenedesmus acutiformis Schréder var. spinuliferiun West & G S. West, n. var. >< 520.
Tetraédron bifurcum Lagerh.
Tetraédron cruciatum West & G.S. West. >< 520.
Reinschiella siamensis West & G.S. West, n. sp. >< 520.
Reinschiella obesa West & G.S. West, n. sp. >< 520.
an $67 ue
Marine Algae’) | . (Chlorophyceae, Phaeophyceae, Dictyotales, Rhodophyceae *) by Th. Reinbold — Itzehoe.
Chlorophyceae.
Ulvaceae.
Enteromorpha Link. 1. KE. plumosa Kg. Phyc. gen. p. 300, non Ahln; De Toni Syll. I. p. 1382. — E. Hopkirkii (M’ Calla) Harv. —. E. paradoxa Keg. Spec. p. 479. Our specimen represents. a very delivate form, which agrees with
E. paradoxa f. angustissima Kg. Tab. phye. VI. t. 35. Epiphytic on Laurencia obtusa.
Koh Chang-Strait in shallow water, in some places between tide-marks.
Area: Baltic; Atlantic; Mediterranean; Australia (probably more widely distributed).
Protoderma. Kg. 2. P. sp. Very thin indefinite membranaceous layers on shells. The plant tolerably agrees with P. marinum Rke. Algenfl. W. Ostsee p. 81. which is abundant in the Baltic and the German Sea, covering stones and shells.
(cfr. P. viride Kg. Tab. phyc. VI. t. 11). In Engl. u. Prantl Pflanzf. p. 78 Protoderma is denoted as genus dubium.
Lem Ngob, on dead shells in the mangrove.
Caulerpaceae.
Caulerpa Lamx.
3. ¢. filiformis (Harv.) J. Ag. Alg. Syst. I. p. 5; Web. v. Bosse Caulerpa p. 262; De Toni Syll. J. p. 442. — Herpochaete filiformis Harv. List Friend]. Isl. Alg. Nr. 95.
Fragments only.
Koh Kahdat in 1—2 fathoms water (coral-sand).
Area: Friendly Islds.
1) With an asterisk I have marked the species already known from Siam. 2) As to the marine Myxophyceae see the following paper hy Gomont. As to the Corallinaceae see part II. of these contributions.
— 188 —
4, (. fastigiata Mont. Cent. I. Nr. 16; Web. v. Bosse l. c. p. 262; De Toni Syll. I. p. 442. f. minor Web. v. Bosse 1. c. p. 263. The little plants exactly agree with the original specimen (in the
Botan. Museum of Hamburg) on which Mad. Weber v. Bosse has founded the forma minor.
Koh Kahdat, in 1—2 fathoms water (coral-sand).
Area: Brazil.
5. . verticillata J. Ag. Alg. Liebm. p. 6; Alg. Syst. I. p. 6; Web. v. Bosse ]. c. p. 267; De Toni Syll. I. p. 443.
N. of Koh Kahdat on coral-reefs in shallow water.
Area: W. Indies; Ceylon; Friendly and Tonga Islds.
6. . sealpelliformis (R. Br.) Ag. Spec. p. 437; sens. ampl. Web. v. Bosse 1. c. 268. — C. denticulata Decn. — Fucus sealpelliformis R. Br. in Turn. Hist. t. 174.
Fragment only which perhaps is to be referred to var. intermedia Web. v. Bosse 1. ¢. p. 287.
Between Koh Mesan and Cape Liant, in 9 fathoms water. Area: Red Sea; Australia; Tasmania; Ceylon; Mauritius.
7. (. plumaris (Forsk.) Ag. Spec. p. 436; Web. v. Bosse l.c. p. 294; De Toni Syll. Il. p. 453. — Fucus plumaris Forsk. Flor. aegypt. p. 190. ; f. longipes Web. v. Bosse |. c. p. 295. — C. plumaris v. longipes J. Ag. Alg. Syst. I. p. 15. — Fucus tuaxifolius Turn. Hist. t. 54. non Vahl. Koh Kahdat, in 1—2 fathoms water (coral-sand). Area: In all tropical Seas.
8. C, Freyeinetti Ag. Spec. p. 446; sens ampl. Web. v. Bosse 1. c. p. 310. var. typica: Web. v. Bosse 1. c. p. 312.
Koh Kahdat, in 1—2 fathoms water (coral-sand).
Area: Guadeloupe; Red Sea; warm Pacific. var. pectinata Web. v. Bosse |. c. p. 3161).
A fragment only.
Koh Kahdat, in 1—2 fathoms water (coral-sand).
Area: Guadeloupe.
i) The determination of this fragment I owe to the kindness of Mad. Weber v. Bosse.
ee ee
9. (. Urvilliana Mont. Voy. Pole Sud. p. 21, sens. ampl. Web.
v. Bosse 1. ce. p. 318. var. typica f. tristicha Web. v. Bosse |. c. p. 319.
C. Urvilliana is by forms narrowly connected with C.-Freycinetti ; 1 think our only fragmentary specimen is to be referred to C. Urvilliana, because there are three rows of teeth on one part of the frond.
Koh Kahdat, in 1—2 fathoms water (coral-sand).
Area (f. tristica): Lucipara Islds ; Trop. Australia; Carolines Islds.
10. @. racemosa (Forsk.) J. Ag. Alg. Syst. I. p. 35; sens. ampl. Web. v. Bosse 1. c. p. 357. — Fucus racemosus Forsk. Flor. aegypt. p. 191. var. uvifera Web. v. Bosse l. c. p. 362.
Koh Kahdat, in 1—2 fathoms water (coral-sand). Area: W. Indies; Red Sea; Warm Pacific.
11. . peltata Lamx. Journ. de Bot. t. 3. fig. 2; sens.. ampl. Web. v. Bosse 1. ¢. p. 373.
The diameter of the disk varies in our plant from 3 to 8 mm. Koh Chick, on rocks in shallow water. Area: W. Indies; Red Sea; Warm Pacific.
12. (.sedoides (R. Br.) Ag. Spec. p. 438; Web. v. Bosse 1. c¢. p. 387; De Toni Syll. I. p. 480. — Fucus sedoides R. Br. in Turn. Hist. t. 172.
The specimen is perhaps allied to f. crassicaulis.
Koh Kahdat, in shallow water (coral-sand). Area: Australia; N. Zealand; Samoa-, Tonga-, Friendl. Islds.
13. ©. lentillifera J. Ag. Alg. Rueppel. p. 173; sens. ampl. Web. v. Bosse 1. c. p. 380. var. longistipitata Web. v. Bosse in herb.').
,Cette variété se distingue du C. lentillifera typica par, quelquefois, le petit nombre de ses rangées de vésicules, par le grand diamétre de celles-ci et le pédicelle dont la hauteur égale, ou surpasse la moitié du diamétre de la vésicule.
Quelques échantillons de cette variété ressemblent beaucoup, a pre- miére vue, au C. racemosa var. clavifera, mais ils se distinguent par le rétrécissement du pédicelle 4 son sommet de tous les échantillons de cette variété*. Web. v. Bosse in litt.
Koh Chick, on rocks in shallow water.
Area (var. longistipitata): New Guinea; Sarasa (iles Postillon); Tuab (ile de Key).
1) Mad. Weber v. Bosse was so kind to determine this Alga and to give me the following notices.
— 190 —
' Codiaceae. Halimeda Lamx..
14. WH. macroloba Decne. Gorall. p. 91; De Toni ‘Syll. I. p. 520. Koh Kahdat, in t—2 fathoms water (coral-sand). Area: Red. Sea; Indian and Pacific Oceans.
Udotea Lamx.
15. U. flabellata Lamx. Polyp. flex. p. 311 t. 12; De Toni Syll. I. p. 510.
The Pacific specimens seem to be a little more elongated and more deeply split than the plants from the W. Indies; any other difference is not to be seen.
Off Koh Kam, in 10 fathoms water. Area: W. Indies; Ceylon; Tropic. Australia.
16. U, glaucescens Harv. List Friend]. Isl. Alg. Nr. 82; De Toni Syll. Lp. 505. A fragment only.
Koh Kahdat, in 1—2 fathoms -water (coral-sand). Area: Friendl. Islds.
Avrainvillea Decne.
17. A. papuana (Zan.) Murr. et Bood. Avrainv. in Journ, of Bot. 1889; De Toni Syll. I. p. 514. — Chloroplegma papwanum Zan. Phyc. papuan. Nr. 10 in N. Giorn. Bot. Ital. X. 1878.
Koh Kahdat, in 1-2 fathoms water (coral-sand). Area: N. Caledonia; N. Guinea; Ceylon; Philippines.
18. A. comesa (Bail. et Harv.) Murr. et Bood. 1. c.; De Toni Syll. I. p. 515. — Chlorodesmis comosa Bail. et Harv. in Harv. Ner. boreal. Americ. lll. p. 29. (?)
Undeveloped fragment only, therefore doubtful as to species.
Off Koh Kam, in 10 fathoms water,
Area: Warm Pacific (not uncommon).
Valoniaceae. Dictyosphaeria Decne.
19. BD. favulosa (Mert.?) Dene Classif. alg. p. 32; De Toni Syll. I. p. 3871. — Ulva favulosa Mert. msc.
Koh Kahdat, in 1—2 fathoms water (coral-sand).
Area: Warm Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans.
— 191 —
Valonia Ginn.
20. Y. utrienlaris Ag. Spec. p. 431; De Toni Syll. I. p. 376. — V.utricularis f. aegagropila Hauck Meeresalg. p. 469. — V. aegagropila Ag.
With Hauck 1. c. I consider V. aegagropila only a form of V. utricularis. Koh Kahdat, on coral-reefs in shallow water. Area: Mediterranean; Atlantic; Indian and Pacific Oceans.
21. .Forbesii Harv. Alg. Ceyl. exsice. N. 75; De Toni Syll. I. p. 374. Koh Kahdat, in 1—2 fathoms water (coral-sand). Area: Indian Ocean; warm Pacific.
Struvea Sond.
22, St. delicatula Kg. Tab. phyc. XVI. p. 1 t. 2; Murr. et Bood, Struvea. p. 281, Nr. 6; De Toni Syll. I. p. 366. — Cladophora anastomosans Harv. Mar. Bot. W. Austr. Nr. 39. Alg. aust. exsicc. Nr. 582.
Little plant and fragments only, which are however characteristic enough. Koh Lom, on coral-reefs in shallow water. Area: Guadeloupe; Ceylon; Australia, N. Caledonia.
Siphonocladus Schmitz.
23. §S. Zollingeri (Kg) Born. in Hariot in Jour. Bot. 1887, p. 56; De Toni Syll. Lp. 358. — Cladophora (Aegagropila) Zollingeri Kg. Spec. p. 415, Tab. phyc. IV. t. 64.
Off Koh Kahdat, in 5 fathoms water (coral-sand).
Area: Java.
Boodlea Murr. et De Toni in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. XXV. 24. B. (coacta var?) Siamensis Reinb. u. sp.
B. intricata, subspongiosa; filamentis primariis paullulum laxe ramosis, ramis dense divaricatimque quoquoversum ramulosis; ramulis hinc illinec ope tentaculorum inter se cohaerentibus; articulis longitudine valde inaequalibus, primariis ad 200 », ramulorum c. 30—40 yp» crassis, articulis terminalibus apice obtusis; articulis primariis saepe elongatis usque 20plo diametro longioribus.
This is a true Boodlea and, as I think, a good species nearly related to B.coacta, but which by other algologists may perhaps be considered only a variety of the latter.
Our plant differs from B. coacta — of which I have a specimen from Japan (leg. Okamura) beside me for comparison — by somewhat less compact and less sponge-like habit, as the primary filaments, provided in part with much elongated joints, are not so densely beset with main branches. The density however of the branches of the second order and
Botanisk Tidsskrift. 24, Bind. 13
— 192 —
of branchlets is almost the same in both plants, but the latter are in our plant much more spreading. As to the tentacula they are quite evident in B. Siamensis, but they seem to occur less numerously than in B. coacta. The joints in the different parts of the frond of B. coacta are tolerably equal in length, while in our plant they generally vary not inconsiderably in length in one and the same part of the frond. Besides the joints of the primary filaments of B. Siamensis are thicker than in B. coacta.
By examination of material preserved in alcohol I can confirm the opinion uttered with some caution by Murray, who examined only dried specimens, ‘(of B. coacta), that the chromatophores agree wholly with those which Schmitz has described for the genus Siphonocladus. (see Engl. u. Prantl. Pflanzf. 1. p. 147, fig. 98).
Koh Kahdat, in 1—2 fathoms water (coral-sand.),
Dasycladaceae.
Acetabularia Lamx. 25.* A. major v. Mart. O. Asiat. Tange p. 25. t. 4; v. Solms-Lau- bach Acetabul. in Transact. Linn. Soc. 1895, Nr. 6. — De Toni Syll. I. p. 419.
The splendid well developed plants agree well with this species, except in that the stalks are somewhat longer (up to 10 cm.) than those described and figured by v. Martens which difference is, I think, of no importance.
The disk measures 2 cm. in diameter and the rays vary in number from 70 to 80.
Abundant in the Koh Chang-Strait on rocks, stones, piles etc. between. tide-marks,
Area: Siam (Simaharadscha); Timor; N. Guinea.
Phaeophyceae.
Fucaceae. Sargassum Ag. 26. §. polycystum Ag. Syst. p. 304; De Toni Syil. Ill. p. 103. — S. brevifolium Grev.
Koh Kahdat, in 1—2 fathoms water, attached to stones. Area: Common in the Indian and Pacific Oceans.
Cystoseira Ag. 27. C, latifrons Kg. Tab. phyc. X. p. 22, t. 60; De Toni Syll. Ill. p. 176. Perhaps the same species as C. prolifera J. Ag.
Koh Kahdat, in 1—2 fathoms water, attached to stones. Area: China; Timor; Tropic. Australia.
— 193 —
Turbinaria Lamx.
28. T. conoides Kg. Tab. phyc. X. p. 24, t. 66; Barton, Turbin, in Transact. Linn. Soc. 1891 p. 217, t. 54: De Toni Syll. IM. p. 126. — T. vulgaris v. conoides J. Ag. Spec. I. p. 267.
Koh Kahdat, in 1—2 fathoms water attached to stones; Koh Chang- Strait at Lem Ngob, cast ashore.
Area: Red Sea; Indian and Pacific Oceans.
Sphacelariaceae. Sphacelaria Lgby. 28a. Sph. furcigera Kg. Tab. phyc. V. p. 27, t. 90. On Lurbinaria.
Koh Kahdat, in 1—2 fathoms water. Area: Red Sea; Indian and Pacific Oceans.
Ectocarpaceae.
Ectocarpus Leby. 29, EK, indiens Sond. in Zoll. Verz. p. 3; De Toni Syll. Hl. p. 546. — E. amicorum Harv. Alg. Friend]. Isl. Nr. 8. Plurilocular sporang.
Off Koh Mesan, attached to a floating cocoa-nut. Area: Warm Pacific (Java; N. Guinea; Friendly Isl.).
30. E. simpliciusculus Ag. in Bot. Zeit. 1827, p. 639. var. Vitiensis Asken. Gazelle. p. 20. t. 5; De Toni Syll. IIL p. 496. (?)
Too fragmentary, therefore doubtful as to species.
Koh Chang Noi, on coral-reef in shallow water.
Area: Fidji Islds.; E. Australia, Sandwich {slds.
Encoeliaceae. Colpomenia Derb. et Sol.
31%. €, sinuosa (Roth) Derb. et Sol. Mém. p. 11, t. 32; De Toni Syll. II. p. 489. — Encoelium sinuosum Ag. — Asperococeus sinuosus Bory. — Ulva sinuosa Roth. Catal. Ill. p. 327, t. 12.
Koh Chang-Strait at Lem Ngob, Koh Kahdat, cast ashore.
Area: Mediterranean; Atlantic; Red Sea; Indian and Pacific Oceans. (Siam, Simaharadscha).
13*
— 194 —
Hydroclathrus Bory.
32*. Hl. eancellatus Bory Dict. VIII. p.119; De Toni Syll. Ill. p. 490. — Asperococcus cancellatus Endl. — Encoelium clathratum Ag. — Asperocoecus clathratus J. Ag.
The specimens from the Koh Chang-Strait represent a very fine and delicate form.
Koh Chang-Strait; Koh Kahdat, abundant on rocks and stones between tide-marks.
Area: Atlantic; Red Sea; Indian and Pacific Oceans; Siam (Simaharadscha),
Asperococcus Lamx. 33. A. fastigiatus Zanard. Phyc. indic. Pug. p. 134, t. 3. De Toni Syll. Il. p. 496. f. major Reinb. n. f.
fronde duplo crassiore et altiore sed minus ramosa quam in forma typica.
I think the present plant cannot be separated from A. fastigiatus, but it represents a remarkably robust form. The fronds are (in exsiccatis) about 5mm. broad but less branched than the type in Zanardini’s figure.
For the rest our plant offers the same characteristic features as the main species; the tips of the segments, simple or forked, are rounded and the diameter of the frond is nearly the same in all parts of the plant.
The specimens are provided (at the end of December) with pluriloc. sporangia which are collected in definite sori dispersed over the frond.
Koh Chang-Strait near Lem Ngob, in shallow water. Area: Sarawak.
Dictyotales.
Dictyotaceae.
Dictyota Lamx. . 34. D.dichotoma (Huds.) Lamx. in Desv. Journ. Il. p. 42; De Toni Syll. IIL. p. 263. — Ulva dichotoma Huds. Flor. angl. p. 476. Koh Chang-Strait at Lem Ngob, cast ashore. Area: Common in all temperate and warm Oceans.
35. 1D. Barteyresiana Lamx. Dict. Nr.17; De Toni Syll. III. p. 262. — D. cuspidata Kg. Tab. phye. IX. t. 80.
The specimens represent in part a somewhat broad form of this very varying species.
Koh Kahdat, in 1—2 fathoms water (coral-sand).
Area: W. Indies; Tropic. Australia; Ceylon (probably more widely distributed in warmer Seas).
— 195 —
36. D. divaricata J. Ag. Alg. Syst. V. p. 101; De Toni Syll. III. p. 276. — D. Barteyresiana var. 8 divaricata J. Ag. Spec. I p. 94. — D. acutiloba Kg. Tab. phye. IX. t. 29 non J. Ag.
The specimens are sterile but correspond in all other characters
with this species. (They also agree in some manner with Dictyota indica
Sond. Kg. Tab. phyc. IX. t. 17, a species insufficiently fixed which is cited from Siam by v. Martens).
Koh Chang-Strait at Lem Ngob, cast ashore. Area: Atlantic; Red Sea.
37. D. sp.
Only a single sterile and incomplete specimen; perhaps D. robusta J. Ag. Anal. alg. C. I. p. 76. (Australia).
Koh Kahdat, in 1—2 fathoms water (coral-sand).
Haliseris Targ-Tozz.
38. H. polypodioides (Desf.) Ag. Spec. I. p.142; De Toni Syll. IIL p. 254. — Dictyopteris polypodioides Lamx. — Fucus polypodioides Desf. Flor. atl. IL p. 421.
Between Koh Mesan and Cape Liant, in 9 fathoms water.
Area: Mediterranean; Warm Atlantic; Cape; Red Sea; Pacitic. (Australia, Japan).
Padina Adans.
39. P. Commersonii Bory Voy. Cog. Nr. 41, t. 21; d. Ag. Alg. Syst. V. p. 119; De Toni Syll. UL p. 244.
Among the present great number of specimens some are provided with oospores and belong surely, I think, to this species, but it is probable, that among the sterile plants there may be specimens of the widely distributed Padina pavonia.
Koh Kahdat, in 1—2 fathoms water (coral-sand). Area: W. Indies; Red Sea; Tropic. Australia; Ceylon; N. Guinea; Japan.
Zonaria (Gymnosorus) J. Ag. 40. I. sp.
Decumbent little crustaceous patches attached to stones and one little unattached sterile specimen. All show the structure of Zonaria (Gymno- sorus). Judging by their mode of growth the specimens probably represent young states of Zonaria Diesingiana J. Ag. or Zonaria (Gymnosorus) variegata (Lamx.), which both occur in the Pacific. (Or should our plant perhaps be identical with Zonaria obscura Dick., a doubtful species shortly described in Dickie, Alg. Mangaia Isl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. 1875, p.31?).
— 196 —
Rhodophyceae. Bangiales.
Bangiaceae.
Erythrotrichia Aresch.
441. FB. ceramicola (Lgby.) Aresch. Phyc. Scand. p. 210; De Toni Syll. IV. p. 24. — Bangia ceramicola Chauv. — Goniotrichum ceramicola Kg. — Conferva ceramicola Lgby. Hydroph. Dan. p. 144, t. 48.
On Padina and Laurencia.
Koh Chang-Strait at Lem Ngob, on rocks between tide-marks.
Area: Mediterranean; Atlantic; Cape Horn; Timor; Tonga Isls.
Florideae. Gelidiaceae.
Gelidium Lamx. 42. G. crinale (Turn.) Lamx.; De Toni Syll. IV. p. 156; G. cornewm var. crinalis Auct. J. Ag. Spec. II. p. 470. — Fucus crinalis Turn. Hist. t. 198.
The specimen agrees in its habit with Acrocarpus intricatus Kg. Tab. phyc. XVIII. t. 35.
Koh Chang Noi and Koh Lom, creeping on coral-reefs in shallow water. Area: Mediterranean; Atlantic; Red Sea; Pacific.
Rhodophyllidaceae.
Catenella Grev. 43, ©. Npae Zan. Phyc. indic. Pug. Nr. 35, t.6; De Toni Syll. IV. p. 321.
Koh Chang-Strait at Lem Ngob, creeping on the roots of mangrove-trees hetween tide-marks.
Area: Sarawak.
Rhabdonia Harv. 44, KR. Sehmidtii Reinb. n. sp. (Fig. 1—5).
R. gelatinoso-membranacea, caespitosa, decumbens e tereti- usculo compressa, 1/2—2 mm. lata, dichotome et parce inordinateque lateraliter ramosa, frondes (et segmenta cujusque frondis) et inter se et cum aliis corporibus ope processuum hinc illine arcte con- crescentes; segmentis saepe + elongatis marginibus paullulum inaequalibus (sparsim leviter constrictis et dilatatis) apicibus obtusis vel subacutis, prolificationibus et processibus difformibus, pleruntque + minutis, e marginibus vel rarius e disco emergentibus, praecipue versus apices et ad apices obsitis. Tetrasp. generis
— 197 —
Fig. 2.
Fig. 1—5. Rhabdonia Schmidtii.
1. Fronds; nat. size. —2—5 show the various forms of the excrescences growing out from the margins and the tips of the frond. 7: 1. (Dr. A. Voigt del. Figg. 2—5.)
— 198 —
(zonatim divisis) per frondem sparsis. Cystocarpiis ?? — Chartae adhaeret.
The plant represents a true Rhabdonia by the structure of the frond, characteristic for this genus, together with the zonate tetraspores. Of all the known species of Rhabdonia the new species seems to be most nearly related to R. decumbens Grun. (Asken. Gazelle p. 46, t.2). Even on rea- ding the somewhat short diagnosis I had at first the conjecture, that the two plants, although living in very distant places of the world, were identical, but after having examined the figures of R. decumbens, I was convinced of the impossibility of uniting the two plants under one specific name.
Our specimens are so intricated and in part so closely attached one to the other and also to small grains from the ground (pieces of shells etc.), that it is very difficult and often even impossible to separate the fronds without injury or to make a preparation of an uninjured com- plete specimen. In the figures I have attempted to show the habit of the plant, but it would require a great number of figures to give a complete idea of the great variety in branching and of the diverse arrangements of the prolifications and excrescences. These latter growing out from the margin or the tips of the segments (or of the prolifications) and more seldom from the flat surface, are also of a very varying form, sometimes they are like warts or little cushions, then they resemble little teeth or roundish, simple or forked cilia, or more elongated and variously divided ones, which fringe the margins or terminate the tips of the segments. (Figg. 2—5 represent some different forms of the excrescences). The frond is not strictly articulated (as in R. clavigera, R. verticillata) but it is in part and in an irregular manner slightly constricted and dilatated alternately, so as to make sometimes the mar- gins of the frond unequal. The consistence of the frond is somewhat gelatinous so that the plant adheres firmly to the paper. I have not seen cystocarps.
Koh Chang-Strait, in shallow water near Lem Ngob.
Sphaerococcaceae. Gracilaria Grev.
45. G. confervoides (L.) Grev. Alg. Brit. p. 123; De Toni Syll. IV. p. 431. —- Fucus confervoides L. Spec. plant. II. p. 1629.
Off Koh Kam in 10 fathoms water.
Area: Widely distributed throughout all warm Seas.
46. G. dura (Ag.) J. Ag. Alg. medit. p.151; De Toni Syll. IV. p. 442. —- Sphaerococcus durus Ag. Spec. p. 310.
Area: In almost all warm Seas. f. prolificans Reinb. n. f.
fronde admodum crassa, ramis et ramulis basi eximie constrictis, prolificationibus evidenter petiolatis ex apicibus truncatis ramorum (fere flabellatim) egredientibus.
— 199 —
The specimens show the structure and the other characteristic points of Gracilaria dura, a species much varying in its habit; but I think our plant represents a very distinct form, which should be fixed. In general, prolifications occur rarely in the genus Gracilaria.
The specimens, provided with cystocarps, are somewhat stout and robust, about 10 cm. high and about 1—11/2 mm. thick (in diameter).
Koh Chang-Strait, in shallow water near Lem Ngob.
Hypnea Lamx.
47. U. musciformis Wulf.) Lamx. Ess. p. 43; De Toni Syll. IV. p. 472, — Fucus musciformis Wulf. in Jacq. Coll. Ill. p. 154, t. 14. Fig. 3. A small but fruiting (tetrasp.) specimen.
Koh Chang-Strait at Lem Ngob, in sandy ground between tide-marks. Area: In all warm Seas.
Champia Desv.
48. Ch. parvula (Ag.) J. Ag. Epic. p. 303; De Toni IV. p. 558. — Lomentaria parvula Gaill. — Chylocladia parvula Hook. — Chondria parvula Ag. Syst. p. 207.
The (sterile) specimen agrees in its habit with Lomentaria parvula 8. vaga Kg. Tab. phyc. XV. t. 87.
4 miles S. of Koh Saket, in 9 fathoms water (shells). Area: Mediterranean; Atlantic; Australia; Japan.
Caloglossa (Harv.) J. Ag.
49. (. muioides Harv. Alg. exsicc. Friendl. Isl. Nr. 33; J. Ag. Epic. p- 500; De Toni Syil. IV. p. 729. — Hypoglossum: Vieillardi Kg. Tab. phyc. XVI. t. 10.
Very young specimens only, therefore somewhat doubtful as to species.
15 miles E. of Koh Chuen, in 10 fathoms water (shells.).
Area: N. Guinea; N. Caledonia; Friendl. Islds.; Ceylon. ?
Laurencia Lamx.
50. L. divaricata J. Ag. Spec. Il. p. 754. Koh Kahdat, in 1—2 fathoms water (coral-sand). Area: Red Sea; Indian and Pacific Oceans.
51. L. dendroidea J. Ag. Spec. II. p. 753. Koh Kahdat, cast ashore. Area: Warm Atlantic; Pacific (Australia, Japan).
— 200 —
52. L. obtusa (Huds.) Lamx. Ess. p. 42; J. Ag. Epic. p. 653. — Fucus obtusus Huds. flor. angl. p. 586.
Some of the present specimens agree tolerably with var. squarrulosa Grun. Alg. Fidji-Samoa Islds. p. 23. (from Tongatabu).
Koh Chang-Strait at Lem Ngob, on rocks between tide-marks. Area: Widely distributed in all warm Oceans.
Acanthophora Lamx. 53*, A. orientalis J. Ag. Spec. IL p. 820.
The specimen from Lem Ngob is sterile, therefore doubtful, but I have seen some little fertile fraginents between Alge from Koh Kahdat which certainly belong to this species.
Lem Ngob, Koh Kahdat in shallow water. Area: Manila; Samoa-Tonga-Marianes Isls.; (Siam? sub nomine A. Thieryi).
Polysiphonia Grev. 54. P.seopulorum Harv. Mar. Bot. W. Aust. Nr. 88; J. Ag. Spec. If. p. 940. On stones.
Koh Chang Noi, on coral-reef in shallow water. Area: W. Australia.
Tolypiocladia Schmitz.
55. T. glomerulata (Ag.) Schm. in Engl. u. Prantl. Pfl. fam. p. 441, — Polysiphonia glomerulata (Ag.) J. Ag. Spec. Il. p. 1016. — Polysiphonia calodictyon Harv.; Polysiphonia calacantha Harv. — Hutchinsia glome- rulata Ag. Syst. p. 158. .
Koh Kahdat, Koh Chang Noi, on coral-reefs in shallow water.
Area: Indian and Pacific Oceans.
Leveillea Dene.
56. L. jungermannioides (Mart. et. Her.) Harv. Mar. Bot. W. Aust. p. 5389. — L. gracilis Dene. — Polyzonia jungermannioides (Mart. et. Her.)
J. Ag. Spec. Il. p. 1169. — Amansia jungermannioides Mart. et Her. in Flora 1836 p. 485.
Koh Chang Noi, Koh Lom, on coral-reefs in shallow water. Area: Red Sea; Indian and Pacifie Oceans.
Ceramiaceae.
Ceramium (Roth) Lgby.
57, C. fastigiatum Harv. in Hook. Journ. Bot. p. 303; J. Ag. Epic. p. 96; Anal. alg. Cont. II. p. 16.
— 901 —
The specimens are provided with tetraspores (exteriore latere ramulorum prorumpentibus).
Off Tung Kaben, in 6 fathoms water (mud). Area: Mediterranean; Atlantic; Australia?
58. ¢. Kiitzingianum Grun. Alg. Samoa, Fidji Isl. p. 9. — Gon- groceras subtile Kg. Tab. phyc. XII. t. 2 (non Ceramium subtile Ag.).
Fragments of this species, one of the finest and most delicate of the genus often occur epiphytically on other Algee in our material.
Koh Chang Noi, on coral-reef in shallow water; between Koh Mesan and Cape Liant, in 9 fathoms water.
Area: Samoa Isl.; N. Caledonia; Sandwich Isls.
Spyridia Harv. 59. §. filamentosa (Wulf.) Harv. in Brit. Fl. p. 336; J. Ag. Epic. p. 268. — Fucus filamentosus Wulf. Crypt. aq. p. 64.
Koh Kahdat, in 1—2 fathoms water (coral-sand); off Koh Kam, in 10 fathoms water (gravel). Area: Widely distributed in all warm and temperate Seas.
Grateloupiaceae.
Cryptonemia. 60. ¢. sp.
The little specimen is too much torn and incomplete to be deter- mined exactly as to species.
Between Koh Mesan and Koh Chuen, in 15 fathoms water (stones).
Squamariaceae.
Peyssonnellia Decne. 61. P. Gunniana J. Ag. Epic. p. 387. — P. rubra Harv, alg. austr. exsicc. Nr. 327. Koh Chang Noi, on coral-reef in shallow water. Area: Australia.
62. P. rubra (Grev.) J. Ag. Spec. Il. p. 502. — Zonuria rubra Grev. in Transact. Linn. Soc. XV. p. 340.
Between Koh Mesan and Koh Chuen, in 15 fathoms water (stones).
Area: Mediterranean; Atlantic; Red Sea; Ceylon; Australia; Tonga Islds.
The Corallinaceae by M. Foslie have already been published in part IT. of the ,Flora of Koh Chang‘, Botanisk Tidsskrift, vol. 24, fase. 1, p. 15—22.
— 202 —
Myxophyceae hormogoneae
by M. Gomont — Paris. (With plate 5.)
Peu de travaux ont été publiés jusqu’ici sur les Algues de la partie Sud-Est de )’Asie, et les Myxophycées n’y sont représentées en général que par un nombre infime d’espéces'). Quant a la région méme. explorée par |’Expédition danoise et 4 la partie du continent qui lV’avoisine, nous ne pensons pas qu’aucun Algologue Pait jamais visitée. Les matériaux récoltés au cours de |’Expédi- tion danoise de 1899—1900 dans le golfe de Siam méritaient donc d’étre étudiés avec attention. S’ils ne nous ont fourni, que 27
1) Voici les seuls renseignements que nous a fourni a cet égard la littérature. Encore les territoires mentionnés dans les travaux ci aprés sont ils presque tous assez éloignés de la localité qui nous occupe.
G. von Martens — Die preussische Expedition nach Ost-Asien, Bota- nischer Theil, die Tange, Berlin 1866. L’expédition a visité Java, Singapore, Siam, Macao, Hongkong, les Philippines et Macassar. L'ouvrage mentionne six Nostocacées seulement, des mers de la Chine et des iles de la Sonde — List of Alge collected by Kurz in Burma; in Proceedings of Asiatic Society of Bengal, p. 462, 1871.
Zanardini, Phycearum indicarum pugillus a d. Ed. Beccari ad Bor- neum, Singapore et Ceylonum, annis 1865—67 collectarum, in Mem. R. Isti- tuto veneto vol. XVII, 1872.
Quinze Anhomocystées et dix Homocystées figurent dans ce travail. Elles proviennent de Singapore, Ceylan et Sarawak dans ile de Borneo.
Zeller, Alge collected by M. Kurz in Arracan and British Burma, in Journ. Asiatic Soc. of Bengal, vol. XLII, part IL, p. 165, 1873.
La liste donnée par l’'auteur comprend 24 Homocystées et 36 Anhomo- cystées.
Heydrich, Beitrige zur Kenntniss der Algenflora von Ost-Asien, in Hedwigia, Band XXXIII, p. 267, 1894.
Ce travail comprend les iles Formose, Liukiu, Bonin et deux des Mo- luques. Trois espéces de Nostocacées seulement sont indiquées dont une est indéterminée.
Des ouvrages beaucoup plus importants ont été publiés récemment par M. de Wildeman sur les Indes Néerlandaises, mais ces iles ne sont géné- ralement pas considérées comme appartenant a l’Asie.
— 203 —
espéces de Nostocacées hormogonées, il est & remarquer que, sur ce nombre, il s’en est réncontré deux nouvelles parfaitement ca- ractérisées,
Ces 27 espéces se répartissent entre 13 genres, dont 6 appar- tiennent aux Homocystées et 9 aux Anhomocystées. Si on examine le catalogue que nous en donnons, on s’apercoit immédiatement que les Algues & gaines épaisses et colorées l’emportent de beau- coup par le nombre des espéces et par leur fréquence. Ainsi, tan- dis que les genres Oscillatoria, Lyngbya, Phormidium, Hydrocolewm ne sont représentés chacun que par une espéce, les Scytonema et Stigonema en renferment treize & eux seuls. Deux Schizothrix seulement se trouvent, il est vrai, mentionnés sur notre liste, mais. le S. thelephoroides, qui est pourvu d’une enveloppe remarquable- ment épaisse et ferme a été récolté dans six localités différentes. On a done des raisons de croire qu’il abonde dans la région’).
Cette pénurie d’Algues 4 gaines minces ou molles peut n’étre qu’apparente et résulter du moment oti s’est faite l’exploration qui a eu lieu pendant la saison séche, c’est a dire & une époque ou les flaques d’eau peu profondes avaient disparu, ainsi que leurs hétes habituels. Or c’est 1&4 surtout que se rencontrent les plantes insuffisamment protégées par leurs enveloppes, comme les Oscillatoria, Phormidium, Nostoc, Anabena etc. Notons cependant que les ro- chers éclaboussés ou baignés par les cours d’eau permanents sont aussi ’habitat des espéces dont l’absence nons a frappé.
On pourrait conclure de cette derniére remarque que cette absence n’est pas purement accidentelle mais que, ainsi qu’on l’a maintes fois observé, les plantes les mieux adaptées aux régions tropicales sont celles qui trouvent dans |’épaisseur, la consistance ou la coloration de leur gaine une protection contre les sécheresses fréquentes et Vintensité de la lumiére.
Les données que nous avons pu réunir sur l’aire d’habitation des espéces ont été indiquées dans le catalogue qui suit. Il ne faudrait pas cependant s’en exagérer l’importance. Bien que les recherches aient été poussées assez activement dans cette direction
1) Ce n’est pas sans quelque étonnement que j'ai constaté l'absence du Por- phyrosiphon Notarisii dans les spécimens soumis & mon examen. Cette Homocystée, dont les gaines sont épaisses et fortement colorées, se rencontre en effet fréquemment dans toutes les régions chaudes. Elle a été notam- ment récoltée dans l'Inde par Kurz et Bélanger et a Ceylan par Fer- guson.
— 204 —
depuis que la systématique des Myxophycées est devenue plus pré- cise, il reste encore beaucoup 4 faire. Les observations que je présentais il y a huit ans, dans la Monographie des Oscillariées, sur l'état incomplet de nos connaissances géographiques sont encore vraies en grande partie et, méme en Europe, de vastes territoires sont restés jusqu’a présent inexplorés ').
Myxophyceee Stizenberger.
Hormogonez Thuret. Homocystec Bornet et Flahault. Lyngbyez Hansgirg (extense). Oscillatoria Vaucher.
1. 0. tenuis Agardh.
Alg. Dec. II, p. 25, 1813.
var. a@ natans Gomont, Monogr. des Oscill., in Ann. des Sc. nat, Vile Série, Bot., t. 16, p. 221, Pl. VII, fig. 2 et 3 — O. natans Kiitz., Alg. aq. dule. Dec., [V, n° 34.
Waterhole near Lem Ngob.
Aire géogr.: Greenland, Suéde, Danemark, Pays-Bas, Belgique, France,
Allemagne, Hongrie, Italie, Afrique boréale et équatoriale, Etats Unis, Antilles Amérique équatoriale, Sumatra, Nouvelle Zélande, Nouvelle Calédonie.
Trichodesmium Ehrenberg
2. T. Lildebrandtii Gomont.
Loco cit. p. 197, Pl. VI, fig. 1 — 7. Ehrenbergii, forma indica Hauck, Ueber einige von J. M. Hildebrandt im Rothen Meere und Indischen Ocean gesamimelten Algen, in Hedwigia, vol. XXVII, Heft 4, p. 93.
Abundant in maritime plankton throughout the area explored.
Aire géogr.: Geylan, Singapore, Cap St Andréas (Ile de Madagascar).
') Pour Vindication des aires géographiques j'ai seulement tenu compte des données qui présentaient un certain caractére d'authenticité. On sait en effet, qu’en absence d’échantillons originaux les déterminations ne doivent étre acceptées qu'avec beaucoup de réserve, surtout chez les anciens auteurs.
— 205 —
Phormidium Kiitzing. 3. P. inundatum Kiitzing. Spec. Alg., p. 251, 1849 — Gomont, loco cit. p.172, PI. 1V, fig. 3! et 32. Waterhole near Lem Ngob.
Aire géogr.: France occidentale, Belgique, Saxe, Mont Cameron (Afrique équatoriale), Etats Unis, Guyane, Nouvelle Zélande.
Lyngbya Agardh. 4. L. majuseula Harvey. In Hooker, Engl. Fl., V, part 1, p.370, 1833 — Gomont, loco cit. p- 131, Pl. Ill, fig.3 et 4.
Mangrove-swamp near Lem Dan on aérial roots of Rhizophora conjugata between tide-marks,
Aire géogr.: Norvége, Danemark, cétes de la Manche, cétes orientales et occidentales de l’Atlantique, Mer Méditerranée, Adriatique, Mer Rouge, Mer des Indes, Océan Pacifique.
Vaginarieze Gomont.
Hydrocoleum Kiitzing.
5. I. lynghyaceum Kiitzing.
Spec. Alg., p. 259, 1849 —- Gomont, Monogr. des Oscill., in Ann. des Sc. nat., Vile série, Bot., t. 15, p. 337, Pl. XII, fig. 8 a 10.
var. @ rupestre Kiitzing, loco cit.
Mangrove-swamp near Lem Ngob, forming black, shining patches on the muddy ground and on aérial roots of Avicennia officinalis.
Aire géogr. Mer du Nord, Mer Baltique, Manche, Mer Méditerranée sur les cétes de France, d’Algérie et de Syrie, Océan Atlantique sur les cétes de France, d’Espagne, des Etats Unis et aux Bermudes, Ile Maurice, Borneo,
Schizothrix Kiitzing (emend.). Subgen. Chromosiphon Gomont.
6. S. Lamyi Gomont.
In Bornet, Algues du département de la Haute-Vienne contenues dans lherbier Lamy de la Chapelle, in Bull. de la Soc. bot. de France, t. XXXVI, p. 250, 1891; Monogr. des Qscill., loco cit, p. 323, Pl. XI, fig. 1 a 3.
With Schizothrix thelephoroides on wet rocks in the jungle near Klong Munsé.
Aire géogr.: France centrale, Nouvelle Zélande.
— 206 —
7. §. thelephoroides Gomont. Monogr. des Oscill., loco cit. p. 319, Pl. X, fig. 1 a 4.
Abundant on rocks in the jungle near Klong Munsé. Aire géogr.: Geylan, Brésil, Porto Rico.
Anhomocystece Gomont.
Sur quelques Oscillariées nouvelles, in Bull. de la Soc. bot. de France, t. XLVI, p. 33, 1899.
Heterocystee Hansgirg, Bemerk. zur System. einig. Siisswasseralgen, p. 9, 1884 — Bornet et Flahault, Revision des Nostocacées hétérocystées, in Ann. des Sc. nat., Vile série, Bot., t. 3, p. 337.
Nostocee Kiitzing. Nodularia Agardh.
8. N. spumigena Mertens.
var. f, litorea, Bornet et Flahault in Ann. des Se. nat., Vile série, Bot., t. 7, p. 246.
Bien que l’échantillon soit stérile, on ne peut, & cause du diamétre du trichome (15), Vattribuer & une autre espéce que le N. spumigena. Il ne nous a d’ailleurs paru différer en rien des échantillons types de la forme litorea; cependant V’absence de spores nous empéche d’étre abso- lument affirmatif sur ce dernier point.
Koh Kong, on the sandy sea-shore between tide-marks.
Aire géogr.: Suéde, Mer Baltique et Mer du Nord, Pays Bas, Angleterre. Marais salans et d’eau douce de Ja France et de l’Allemagne.
Scytonemacez Rabenhorst.
Desmonema Berkeley et Thwaites.
9. D. Wrangelii Bornet et Flahault, Rev. des Nostoc. hétér., in Ann. des Sc. nat., VII® série, Bot., t.5, p. 127, 1887.
Thorea Wrangelit Agardh, Disp. Alg. Suec., p. 40, 1812.
Dans la plante adulte, les gaines renferment souvent plusieurs tricho- mes; il n’en est pas de méme lorsqu’elle est peu développée, comme c'est ici le cas. L’échantillon ne peut cependant étre confondu avec un Toly- pothrix, les ramaux étant agglutinés le long du filament principal, ce qui n’a jamais lieu dans ce dernier genre. De plus, dans le plante siamoise, les hétérocystes sont & parois minces et peu différenciés, ce qui est égale- ment un caractéere du genre Desmonema ou ils manquent quelquefois (conf. Bornet et Flahault, loco cit.).
Jungle near Klong Sarlakpet (alt. 700 ft.), on rocks in a waterfall.
Aire géogr.: Europe septentrionale et occidentale, Allemagne, Italie, Etats Unis, Bolivie.
— 207 —
Scytonema Agardh.
10. S. mirabile Bornet.
Les Nostocacées hétérocystées du Systema Algarum d’Agardh, in Bull. de la Soc. bot. de France, t. XXXVI, p. 155, 1889.
Conferva mirabilis Dillwyn, Brit. Conf., tab. 96, 1809.
Scytonema figuratum Bornet et Flahault, Revision des Nostocacées hétérocystées, loco cit., p. 101.
On dry rocks in the jungle near Klong Munsé.
Aire géogr.: Europe, Amérique du Nord, Indes orientales, Cochinchine, Ile Bourbon, Nouvelle Calédonie, Iles Sandwich.
11. §8. Hofmanni Agardh. Synops. Alg. Scand. p.117, 1817 — Bornet et Flahault, loco cit. p. 97.
Common in the jungle all over Koh Chang, epiphytic on ferns and other low plants and also on rocks.
Aire géogr.: Europe, Indes orientales, Cochinchine, Ile Maurice, Amérique du Nord, Antilles, Terre de Feu, Tahiti.
12. 8. ocellatum Lyngbye.
Hydrophyt. dan. p. 97, tab. 28, A, 1819. — Bornet et Flahault, loco cit. p. 95.
Lem Dan on the stem, of Cocoa-palms; jungle near Klong Munsé, on rocks.
Aire géogr.: Europe, Indes orientales, Ceylan, Cochinchine, Afrique, Madére, Amérique de Nord, Antilles, Bermudes, Guyane, Brésil, Iles Borneo, Sandwich et Marquises.
13. §. Sehmidtii Gomont, n.sp. (PI. V, fig. 1 a 4.)
Stratum extensum, fusco-nigrum, crustaceo-tomentosum, ad millimetrum crassum, superficie sulcatum. Fila eximie et subregu- lariter undulata, crispa, arcte intricata, 10—12 y, inferne usque ad 16 ~ crassa, primaria repentia stoloniformia, abundanter et repetite pseudoramosa, pseudoramis patentibus; vaginee luteo-fuscee, inferne crass et rugose, chlorozincico iodurato haud ceerulescentes. Tri- chomata eximie torulosa, eruginosa, 9--12 2 crassa; articuli seepius compressi, passim subquadrati, 2—6 » longi — Heterocyste qua- dratz vel compress, achromatice (v. s.).
Les gaines homogenes de cette plante la placent dans la section Euscytonema Bornet et Flahault. Elle nous parait voisine des S. javanieum et ocellatum. Sa croissance en gazons uniformes, sans fascicules, la sépare du 8. javanicum; ses filaments crépus, ses articles généralement plus courts que ceux du S. ocellatum et ses trichomes fortement toruleux la distinguent nettement de cette derniére espéce.
Open ground near Lein Dan, on lime-stones.
Botanisk Tidsskrift. 24. Bind. 14
3 O08 ==
14. §, javanicum Bornet. In Bornet et Thuret, Notes Algologiques p. 148, 1880 — Bornet et
Flahault, loco cit., p. 95. Lem Dan, on trees and rocks near the Sea; Klong Son, on trees in the jungle. Aire géogr.: Ceylan, Jamaique, Guyane, Brésil, Java, Iles Sandwich.
15. §, Guyanense Bornet et Flahault.
Loco cit. p.97, 1887.
Lem Dan on trees near the Sea; jungle near Klong Munsé, on rocks.
Aire géogr.: Ceylan; Amérique du Nord, Antilles, Brésil, Guyane, Véné- zuela, Honolulu.
16. §S, erispum Bornet.
Les Nostocacées hétérocystées du Systema Algarum de C. Agardh, in Bull. de la Soc. bot. de France, t. XXXVI, p. 156, 1889.
S. cincinnatum Thuret, Essai de class. des Nostochinées, in Ann. des Sc. nat., 6° sér., Bot. t.I, p. 380. — Bornet et Flahault, loco cit. p. 89.
With Stigonema minutum on rocks in the jungle near Klong Munsé.
Aire géogr.: Suéde, Danemark, France centrale et méridionale, Corse, Allemagne, Ile Maurice, Amérique du Nord, Jamaique, Brésil, Iles de POcéan Pacifique.
Sirosiphoniacez Rabenhorst.
Stigonema Agardh.
17. S. mamillosum Agardh. Syst. Alg. p. 42, 1824. — Bornet et Flahault, loco cit., p. 77.
Lem Dan, on stones in a stream. Aire géogr.: Norvége, Suéde, Angleterre, France, Etats Unis,
18. S. informe Ktitzing. Spec. Alg. p.319, 1849. — Bornet et Flahault, loco cit. p. 75.
Jungle near Klong Munsé, on wet rocks with Stigonema ocellatum and Schizothrix thelephoroides etc.
Aire géogr.: Angleterre, France, Suisse, Allemagne, Autriche, Etats Unis, Brésil, Guyane, Java.
19. S. turfaceum Cooke.
Brit. Freshwat. Algee p. 273, 1884. — Bornet et Flahault, loco cit. p. 74.
Jungle near Klong Munsé, on humid rocks in company with S. minutum.
Aire géogr.: France, Allemagne, Etats Unis.
— 209 —
20. S. minutum Hassall.
Hist. of the Brit. freshwat. Alg. I, p. 230, pl. 67, fig. II, 1V, 1845. — Bornet et Flahault, loco cit. p. 72.
Klong Munsé, on rocks in the jungle; Lem Dan, on stones in a stream.
Aire géogr.: Greenland, Péninsule Scandinave, Danemark, Angleterre, France septentrionale et centrale, Allemagne, Autriche, Etats-Unis, Brésil, Iles Sandwich.
21. S. ocellatum Thuret.
Essai de classif. des Nostochinées in Ann. des Sc. nat., VI° série Bot., t. I, p. 380. — Bornet et Flahault, loco cit. p. 69. Klong Son and Klong Munsé, on wet rocks in the jungle.
Aire géogr.: Greenland, Europe septentrionale, occidentale et centrale, Etats Unis, Antilles, Guyane, Japon, Ceylan, Iles Sandwich, Nouvelle Calédonie Hawai.
22. §. hormoides Bornet et Flahault. Loco cit. p. 68, 1887.
Jungle near Klong Son, epiphytic on the leaves of small herbs.
Aire géogr.: Danemark, France septentrionale et centrale, Allemagne, Suisse, Autriche, Italie, Etats-Unis.
Hapalosiphon Nageli. 93. UH. fontinalis Bornet. Les Nostocacées hétérocystées du Systema Algarum d’Agardh, in Bull. de la Soc. bot. de France, t. XXXVI, p. 155, 1889. H. pumilus Kirchner, Kryptogamenflora von Schlesien, Algen p. 231, 1878. — Bornet et Flahault, loco cit. p. 61.
Muddy rice-field near Lem Dan, epiphytic on Monochoria vaginata, and in
a waterhole among other alge. Aire géogr.: Greenland, Péninsule Scandinave, Danemark, France septen- trionale et centrale, Allemagne, Etats-Unis, Brésil, Iles Sandwich, Indes orientales.
Rivulariacez Kiitzing.
Brachytrichia Zanardini.
24, %. Queyi Bornet et Flahault.
Revision des Nostocacées hétérocystées, in Ann. des Sc. nat. VIIe¢ série, Bot., t. IV, p.373, 1886.
Nostoc Quoyi Agardh, Syst. Alg. p. 22, 1824.
Lem Dan, on stones in the sea-shore between tide-mark; Koh Kahdat, coral-reef in shallow water.
Aire géogr.: Océan Atlantique sur la cote des Etats-Unis ; Mer des Indes,
Océan Pacifique. 14*
— 210 —
25, B. maculans Gomont n.sp. (Planche V, fig. 5 a 7.)
Frondes plane, crustaceze, tenues, pagina inferiori rupibus arcte adheerentes, maculas atras, initio orbiculares, deinde confluentes ideoque ambitu irregulares, ad centimetrum et ultra latas formantes, e strato unico filorum composite. Trichomata torulosa, recta, pa- rallela, arcte congesta, muco tenaci agglutinata, inferne pseudo- ramosa, sepe medio affixa et utrinque erecta, 6—8y, basim versus tantummodo 4 » crassa; articuli irregulares, seepius subquadrati, inferne longiores; heterocyste subquadrate; hormogonize ad 70 y longze (v. s.).
Tandis que, chez les deux espéces de Brachytrichia connues jusqu’ici, les frondes sont globuleuses, le thalle de celle-ci est étalé et aplati, rap- pelant jusqu’a un certain point celui de l’'Isactis plana. Le mode de ramification, aussi bien que la place des hétérocystes, qui sont intercalaires et non basilaires, rend d’ailleurs impossible toute confusion avec ce der- nier genre.
Les filaments de la plante siamoise sont presque droits, trés serrés el paralléles; dans les B. Balani et Quoyi, ils m’ont paru plus laches et plus irréguligrement contournés. Enfin la fronde du B. maculans n'est jamais creuse, méme dans les parties les mieux développées, ni conformée de maniére 4 le devenir. Ces différences justifient l’établissement de la nouvelle espéce.
Lem Dan. on maritime rocks between tide-marks.
Mastichotrichee Kiitzing. Calothrix Agardh.
96. (C. erustacea Thuret.
In Bornet et Thuret, Notes algologiques fasc. 1, p. 13—16, tab. IV, 1878. — Bornet et Flahault, in Ann. des Sc. nat. VII¢ série, Bot.,. t. I, p. 359.
Lem Ngob, mangrove-swamp, on aérial roots of Avicennia officinalis he- tween tide-marks.
Aire géogr.: Skagerrack, Kattegat, Grande Bretagne, France, Espagne, dans le Golfe de Gascogne, Tanger, mer Méditerranée, Adriatique, Etats Unis, Antilles, Japon, Iles du Pacifique.
27. €. scopulorum(?) Agardh.
Syst. Alg. p. 70, 1824. Bornet et Flahault, loco cit. p. 353. La plante est trop peu développée pour étre déterminée avec certitude. Lem Dan, on stones in the sea-shore between tide-marks.
Aire géogr.: Océan arctique; Océan Atlantique jusqu’a Tanger et Madére et sur la cote d’Amérique; Méditerranée et Adriatique; Iles St Paul dans I'Océan Pacifique.
— 211 —
Calothrix spec. Peut-étre C. eruginea ou C. scopulorum. La plante est trop peu développée pour étre déterminée avec certitude.
Lem Ngoh and Lem Dan, mangrove-svamp, on stem and aérial roots of Avicennia officinalis between tide-marks.
Calothrix spec. Plante insuffisamment développée. Peut-étre le C. eruginea.
Lem Ngob, mangrove-swamp, on the leaves of young specimens of Avicennia officinalis between tide-marks.
Explication des figures de la planche V.
Fig. 1. — Seytonema Schmidtii n.sp. Touffe de filaments. (Grossissement 120 diamétres.)
Fig. 2. — Filament rampant de la méme plante portant des rameaux dresses. (Grossissement 288 diamétres.)
Fig. 3. — Extrémité d’un rameau. (Grossissement 550 diamétres.)
Fig. 4. — Deux hormogonies. (Grossissement 288 diamétres.)
Fig. 5. — Brachytrichia maculans n.sp. Taches formées sur une pierre par les frondes de la plante. (Grandeur naturelle.)
Fig. 6. — Coupe verticale & travers une fronde. (Grossissement 288 dia- métres.)
Fig. 7. — Début de la formation d'un rameau en forme de V. (Grossisse-
ment 550 diamétres.)
Nr.
”
— 42 —
Peridiniales by Johs. Schmidt.
The following list of marine Peridiniales is due to the exami- nation of a number of plankton samples collected by the Danish Expedition in the inner part of the Gulf of Siam. The samples which are 10 in number, were obtained from the surface of the Sea by means of fine silk-nets and were preserved in formaline (4 °/o)'). This is a list of the samples collected:
—
10.
2 3 4, 5. 6 7 8 9
28/19 1899. 1900. 1900. 1900. 1900. 1900. 1900. 1900. 1900. 1900.
9/1 1), 16/, 17/4 18/4 ath 28/1 B1/y 21/5
Strait between Lem Ngob and Koh Chang. Between Koh Kahdat and Koh Kut.
S. of Koh Chang.
W. of Koh Chang, N. of Koh Savan.
W. of Koh Chang, 8. of Koh Savan.
S. of Koh Chang.
North End of Koh Kut.
7 miles 8. of Koh Kut.
18 miles W. of Koh Chang?).
1-2 miles 8. of Koh Kram.
In the following list of species recorded
e¢ means predominant
oe
r
”
n
n
common rare very rare (only a few specimens seen).
1) The Diatoms contained in the Plankton-samples will be published later on. *) This sample seems to consist exclusively of Trichodesmium Hildebrandtii Gomont. ;
— 2138 —
Prorocentraceae.
Exuviella Cienk.
1. E. compressa (Bail.) Ostenfeld, Iagttagelser over Overfladevandets Temperatur, Saliholdighed og Plankton paa islandske og grenlandske Skibs- router, 1899, p.59; Dinopyxis compressa Stein, Der Organismus der In- fusionsthiere IIJ. Abtheil., Leipzig 1878—83, Pl. I, f.34—38.
6 (rr).
Area: Almost ubiquitous.
Prorocentrum Ehrenbg. 2. P. micans Ehrenbg. 1q@r) — 2(rr) — 3(rr) — 6¢r) — S@r). Area: Atlantic, Mediterranean, Red Sea, Indian Ocean.
Peridiniaceae.
Pyrophacus Stein.
3. P. horologium Stein l.c., Pl. XXIV, f. 1—13.
1(rr) — 2@r) ~ 7Q@r) — 107). Area: Atlantic, Mediterranean, Red Sea, Indian Ocean, Pacific.
Ceratium Schranck. 4. (. tripos (O. F. Miiller) Nitsch. var. baltiea Schiitt, Pflanzenleben d. Hochsee, p. 266, f. 4a.
I observed two slightly different forms both of which may be referred to | the above variety by Schtitt. The first form differs from Baltic specimens by the left posterior horn being somewhat bent forward. The second form observed is characterized by the posterior horns being longer and running more parallel. I name this form:
f. parallela Schm. n. f. (see fig. 1).
It closely approaches to the forms figured by Cleve in Report on the Phyto- Plankton collected on the expedition of H. M. S. ,Research*, 1896, Fifteenth Annual Report of the Fishery Board for Scotland, Part fll, Pl. 1, fig. 1, 1897.
1 (rr) — 2Q7r) — 3(@tr) — 4Q9r) — 6(tr) 8 (rr). Fig. 1. Ceratium tripos, var. baltica
Area: Atlantic. Schiitt, f. parallela. Ventral view.
— 214 —
var. brevis Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Plankton fra det Rode Hav og Aden- bugten, Vidensk. Meddel. Naturh. Foren. Kjabenhavn, 1901, p. 164, f. 13.
10 (rr).
Area: Red Sea, Indian Ocean.
var. dispar Pouchet, Contributions a l'histoire des Péridiniens marins, Journ. de V’anat. et de la physiol. 1883, p. 423, fig,D; non Pouchet in Voyage de ,La Manche‘ & I’ile Jan Mayen et au Spitzberg (Juillet-—Aott 1891), p.171, fig. 13B, Paris 1894 — C. curvicorne (Daday) Cleve.
A few specimens not differing from Pouchet’s figure were met with in two collections.
2ar) — 6(Qr).
Area: Mediterranean.
-var. gracilis Schréder, Phytoplankton des Golfes von Neapel, Mitth. a. d. Zool. Stat. zu Neapel, Bd. 14, 1900, Pl. 1, f. 17b,e; Ostenfeld & Schmidt lc. p. 164, f.14; non Gourret, Péridiniens du golfe de Marseille, Annal. du Musée d’hist. nat. de Marseille, zool., vol. I, n° 8, 1888, Pl.i, f. 1.
2@ar) — 3(rr) — 4(+) — 5Qr) — 6) — 10@r).
Area: Mediterranean, Red Sea, Indian Ocean.
5. €, dens Ostenfeld & Schmidt, l.c., p. 165, f. 16.
In the main species the left posterior horn is straight or somewhat curved (l.c. fig. 16). In one collection I found a variety of C. dens viz.
Fig. 2. Ceratium dens Ostenfeld & Schmidt, var. refleaa. Ventral view.
_ var. reflexa Schm. n. var. (Fig. 2), which is characterized by the direction of the left posterior horn.
— 915 —
_ In the Gulf of Siam this characteristic species often occurs in short chains (4 specimens together).
1 (mr) — 2(4) — 3(+4) — 44) — 50) — 74). and var. reflexa 4 (rr). Area: Red Sea, Indian Ocean.
6. €. curvicorne (Daday) Cleve, Notes on some Atlantic Plankton- Organisms, Kg]. Sv. Vet.-Ak. Handl., Bd. 34, No. 1, p. 14; C. tripos var. curvicorne Daday, Termezetrajzi fiizetek, 1887 —88, Pl. Ill, figg. 4, 8, 12, 14; figurae nostrae 3 et 4.
Fig. 3. Fig. 4. Ceratiwm curvicorne (Daday) Cleve. Ceratium curvicorne (Daday) Cleve Ventral view. Lateral view.
This species seems to be abundant in the Gulf of Siam. The spe- cimens observed agree well with Dadays figures; but sometimes the curvature .of the right posterior horns is less pronounced. As shown in fig. 4 the ventral face of the body is concave and the basilar parts of the posterior horns proceed in a nearly right angle to the transversal axis.
2(r) — 3(+) — &(+) - 5(rr) — 6(+) — 7(+) — 8x) — 10).
Area: Warmer Atlantic, Mediterranean, Red Sea, Indian Ocean.
— 216 —
7. contortum (Gourret) Cleve, Notes on some Atlantic Plankton- Organisms, Kgl. Sv. Vet.-Ak. Handl. Bd. 34, No.1, p.14, Pl. VII, f.12, 1900; C. gibberum var. contortum Gourret l.c. PI. Il, f.33; Schtitt, Pflanzen- leben d. Hochsee, p. 268, fig. 78 VILb.
Q(rr) — 4(r).
Area: Warmer Atlantic, Mediterranean, Red Sea, Indian Ocean, Pacific.
8. ¢. tenue Ostenfeld & Schmidt ].c. p. 166, fig. 18. 2 (rr). Area: Red Sea, Indian Ocean.
9. . macroceras Ehrenberg?; C. tripos @ macroceras Claparéde & Lachmann, Etudes sur les Infusoires et les Rhizopodes, vol.J, Pl. 19, f. 1, Mém. de l'Inst. Génévois, t. V—VI, 1858—59.
This species varies much in regard to length, direction and spinosity of the posterior horns. I saw forms agreing with Bergh’s figure (Orga- nismus d. Cilioflagellaten, Morphol. Jahrb. Bd. 7, 2, Taf. XIV, fig. 27), further a form with longer and more straight posterior horns (cfr. the quoted figure by Claparéde & Lachmann) and also the form figured by Ostenfeld & Schmidt l.c. fig. 19, where the posterior horns are short and ventrally bent. In the Gulf of Siam C. macroceras sometimes occurs in short chains (2 specimens together).
Q(r) — 3(r) — 4(rr) — 5 (rr) — 7(r) — 10(r).
Area: Atlantic, Mediterranean, Red Sea, Indian Ocean, Pacific.
10. ©. volans Cleve, Notes on some Atlantic Plankton-Organisms, Kongl. Sv. Vet.-Ak. Handl., Bd. 34, No.1, p.15, Pl. VII, Fig. 4, 1900; Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Plankton fra det Rode Hav og Adenbusten, Vidensk. Meddel. Naturh. Foren. Kjobenhavn, 1901, p. 168, f. 21.
2 (rr).
Area: Warm Atlantic, Red Sea, Indian Ocean.
11. C. flagelliferum Cleve, Notes on some Atlantic Plankton-Organisms, Kongl. Sv. Vet.-Ak. Handl., Bd. 34, No.1, p. 14, Pl. VI, Fig. 12, 1900. The horns are often much longer than figured by Cleve.
ler) 2(+) 844) 4@) 50) 6€@r) 7(r) 100). Area: Tropical Atlantic, Red Sea, Indian Ocean.
12. €. furea (Ehrbg.) Dujardin, Hist. nat. d. Zoophytes, Infusoires, Paris 1841. This species occurs in large quantity in our area.
1 (xr) — 2(+) — 3(+) — 40) — 50) — 6) — 7(4) — 80m) — 10. Area: Ubiquitous.
— a7 —
13. €. linmeatum (Ehbg.) Cleve, Plankton collected by the Swedish Expedition to Spitzbergen in 1898, Kgl. Sv. Vet.-Ak. Handl. Bd. 32, No. 3, 1899, p.36; Peridininm lineatum Ehrenbg.
Sparingly with the preceding species.
Area: Atlantic, Mediterranean, Red Sea, Indian Ocean, Bering Sea.
var. longiseta Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Plankton fra det Rede Hav og Adenbugten, Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. For. Kjobenhavn, 1901, p. 163, fig. 12.
This variety sometimes occurs in short chains (2 specimens together) ; then only the free specimen has a long superior horn.
Q (rr) — 3(rr) — 4(+) — 5(r) — 6(7).
Area: Red Sea, Indian Ocean.
var. robusta Cleve, Plankton from the Southern Atlantic and the Southern Indian Ocean, Ofv. af Kongl. Sv. Vet.-Ak. Férh. Nr. 8, p. 925, fig. 6, 1900.
4 (rr).
Area: Southern Indian Ocean.
14. ©. candelabrum Ehbg.; Stein, 1. c. Pl. XVI, f. 15, 16. 2(rr) — 4(rr) — 7 (rr). Area: Warm Atlantic, Mediterranean, Red Sea, Indian Ocean.
15. ©. fusus (Ehbg.) Dujardin 1]. c. 1 (zr) — 2(r) — 3(x) -- 6(r) — 7(x) — 1002). Area: Atlantic. Mediterranean, Red Sea, Indian Ocean, Pacific.
var. extensum Gourret, Annal. du Musée d’hist. nat. de Marseille, zool., vol. I, n° 8, p. 52, Pl. 4, f. 56.
9 (rr) — 3 (rr).
Area: Warm Atlantic, Mediterranean, Red Sea, Indian Ocean, Pacific.
Gonyaulax Diesing.
16. G. polygramma Stein, 1.c. PI.IV, f. 15.
2 (rr) — 4(+) — 5() — 6(4) -- 70).
Area: General in warm and temperate Seas.
17. G. spinifera (Clap. & Lachm.) Stein, 1.c. PL IV, f. 10—12. A (rr) — 3(r) — 6 (+).
Area: Atlantic, Mediterranean.
18. @. hyalina Ostf. & Schm., l.c. p. 172, f. 24.
4(r) — 5(r) — 6(2). Area: Indian Ocean.
= B18 =
Goniodoma Stein.
19. G. acuminatum Stein, Pl. VII, f. 1—16.
2(rr) — 3(Qrr) — 4(rr) — S(rr) — 6(r) — 7(r) — 1007). Area: Atlantic, Mediterranean, Red Sea, Indian Ocean, Pacific.
20. G. armatum (Schiitt); G. aceuminatum var. armata Schiitt, Die Peridinieen Pl. IX, fig. 32; G. fimbriatum Murray & Whitting, Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, 2"4 Ser., Botany, Vol. V, Part 9, 1899, p. 325, Pl. XXVII, fig. 1 a, b.
2(rr) — 4 (rr) — 10(rr).
Area: Atlantic, Red Sea, Indian Ocean, Pacific.
Diplopsalis Bergh.
21. D. lenticula Bergh, 1. c. Pl. XVI, fig. 60—62.
1(4+) — 2(rr) — 3(rr) — 10(4+). Area: Atlantic, Mediterranean. Red Sea, Indian Ocean, Pacific.
22, PD. saecularis Murray & Whitting 1. c. p. 325, Pl. XXVIII, fig. 5 a, b.
10 (rr).
Area: Atlantic from a little south of the Azores to the Isthmus of Panama. Red Sea, Indian Ocean.
Ostreopsis Schm. nov. gen.
Body flattened, oyster-shaped. Apex excentric, marked by a narrow, slit-shaped area. Longitudinal girdle small, not proceeding to apex, only to be seen on the inferior valve. 3 apical plates (one of which being reduced) and 1 antapical plate are present. Structure of plates porous.
Fig. 5. Ostreopsis siamensis Schmidt. Fig.6. Ostreupsis siamensis Schmidt. Arrangement of plates in the Another specimen. Arrangement of superior valve. plates in the inferior valve.
Fig. 7. Ostreopsis siamensis Schmidt. Sketch of a specimen in lateral view. Arrangement of plates not indicated.
In its shape this peculiar genus is nearest to Pyrophacus Stein of the genera hitherto known; the number of apical- and antapical plates reminds of Gonyaulax Diesing, but from both those genera it is easily distinguished by the above features.
23. 0. siamensis Schm. n. sp., figg. 5, 6, 7.
Body flat, oyster-shaped, somewhat convexo-concave, in a trans- versal section view triangular or roundish. Superior valve convexe, with 3 apical plates (one of which being very small) and 7 pre- median plates; inferior valve a little concave, with 1 antapical and 4 larger postmedian plates (and sometimes with small accessory plates). Longitudinal girdle short, only on the inferior valve. Structure coarsely porous, like that of Ceratium tripos. Length of sagittal axis about 90 p.
2(r) — 3(r) — 6(rr).
Peridinium Ehrenberg.
24. YP, divergens Ehrenberg.
This species, which appears in large quantity in the Gulf of Siam, varies exceedingly much in regard to size, shape and length of the po- sterior horns.
1(+) — 2) — 3(4+) — 407) — 5) — 6(+) — 7(+) — 10(4).
Area; Ubiquitous.
25. P. conicum (Gran) Ostenfeld & Schmidt |. c., p.174; P. divergens var. conica Gran, Hydrographic-Biologic Studies of the North-Atlantic Ocean and the Coast of Nordland, 1900, p.47; Fig. Bergh l.c., Pl. XV, f.43—44; Pouchet l.c., Contributions J, fig. 31—33; Schiitt 1. c. PL. XU, f. 4313, 14. :
1 (rr) —- 6(r) — 7 (rr) — 10(r).
Area: Atlantic, Mediterranean, Red Sea, Indian Ocean.
26. P. oceanicum Vanhdéffen, in Drygalski, Grénland-Expedition der Gesellsch. fiir Erdkunde zu Berlin, vol. II, 2 part, Pl. V, fig. 2.
Q(rr) — 6 (rr) — 7 (rr) — 10 (tr).
Area: Atlantic, Red Sea, Indian Ocean.
27. P. elegans Cleve, Notes on some Atlantic Plankton-Organisms, Kel. Sv. Vet.-Ak. Handl., Bd. 34, No. 1, p. 16, Pl. VI, fig. 15— 16,
3 (rr) — 6 (rr).
Area: Warm Atlantic, Red Sea, Indian Ocean.
— 220 —
28. P. Steinii Jorgensen, Protophyten u. Protozoén im Plankton aus der norweg. Westktiste, Bergens Museums Aarbog, 1899, No. VI, p. 38; P, Michaelis Stein 1. c., Pl. IX, f. 9-14 (non Ehrenberg).
Qar) — 3(rr) — 4(rr) — 6(r).
Area: Atlantic, Mediterranean, Red Sea, Indian Ocean.
29. P. tristylum Stein var. ovata Schréder |. c., p.18, Taf. 1, fig. 13.
Q(rr) — 8(rr) — 6 (rr).
Area: Mediterranean, Red Sea, Indian Ocean.
30. P. pellucidum (Bergh) Schiitt, Die Peridineen p. 157, Pl. XIV, f. 45.
1(rr) — 2(rr) — 6(2r).
Area: Atlantic, Mediterranean, Red Sea, Indian Ocean.
31. P. globulus Stein, }.c. Pl. IX, f.5—8.
d(rr) — 10 (rr).
Area: Atlantic, Red Sea, Indian Ocean.
32. P. pedunculatum Schiitt, Die Peridineen, Pl. XIV, f. 47.
1(rr) — 4Qr) — 6(rr) — 10 (ar).
Area: Atlantic, Red Sea, Indian Ocean.
Podolampas Stein. 33. P. bipes Stein 1.c., Pl. VII, fig. 6—8. 2(r) — 3(rr) — 4(rr) — 5(rr) — 6Q@r) — 7(tr). Area: Tropical and subtropical Seas.
Blepharocysta Ehrenberg. 34. B. splendor maris Ehrenberg; Stein, 1. c. Pl. Hl f. 17—19, Pl. VI, f. 3—5. 2(rr) — 38Qar) — 4Qr) — 5(+) — 6) — 10(r). Avea: Atlantic, Mediterranean. Red Sea, Indian Ocean, Pacific.
Phalacroma Stein.
35. P. doryphorum Stein, ].c. Pl. XIX, f. 1—4.
2 (rr).
Area: General in warm Seas.
36. P. vastum Schiitt, Die Peridineen, Pl. Ill, fig. 16.
6 (rr) — 7 (rr). ;
Area: Warm Atlantic.
37. P. Rudgei Murray & Whitting ].c, p.331, Pl. XXXI, fig. 6 a,b.
In one single sample I] found a small species of Phalacroma, which agrees with the quoted figure by Murray & Whitting.
2 (rr).
Area: Atlantic (87° 55’ N., 36° 42’ W.).
— 291 —
Dinophysis Ehrenberg. 38. D. homunculus Stein, I. c. Pl. XXI, f. 2, 5. Together with the type there occurs in the Gulf of Siam a form viz.
f. pedunculata Schm. n. f., which is characterized by the long and plainly set off posterior protuberance.
3(r) ~— 4(r) — 6(+) — 7 (zr).
Area: General in warmer Seas.
39. D. miles Cleve, Plankton from the Red Sea, Ofv. af Kongl. Sv. Vet.-Ak. Férh. 1900, No. 9, p. 1030, Fig. 1; D. aggregata Weber van Bosse, Annal. du Jardin Bot. de Buitenzorg, 2° sér., vol. Il, p. 140, Pl. XVII, f. 3—4; Heteroceras Schréteri Achille Forti, Ber. d. deutsch. Botan. Ges. 1901, p. 6, f. I—IL.
Fig. 8. Dinophysis
var. indica Ostf. & Schm. 1. c. p. 170. homunculus Stein, Q(rr) — 4&(rr). f. pedunculata, Area: Indian Ocean. Lateral view.
40. D. sphaerica Stein I. c. Pl. XX, f.3—4. d(rr) — 10 (zr). Area: Atlantic, Red Sea, Indian Ocean.
41. D. rotundata Clap. & Lachm., lc. p. 409, Pl. XX, f.16; Jor- gensen, l.c. p.3l. 5 (rr). Area: Atlantic. Amphisolenia Stein. 42. A. bidentata Schréder, 1. c. p.20, Pl. 1, f. 16a—c. Q(rr) — 3(rr) — 4 (rr) — 5 (rr) — 7 (rr). Area: Mediterranean, Red Sea, Indian Ocean. Ornithocercus Stein.
43. 0. magnificus Stein. ].c. Pl. XXIII, f.1; Schtitt, Centrifugal. Dickenwachsthum der Membran, Bot. Ztg. 1900, p. 18 (Sep.), f. 8—10.
9 (rr). Area: Warm Atlantic, Mediterranean, Red Sea, Indian Ocean.
Murracytae. Pyrocystis Murray.
44, P. Inula Schiitt.
2 (rr). Area: Atlantic, Mediterranean, Red Sea, Indian Ocean.
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PRELIMINARY REPORT ON THE BOTANICAL RESULTS OF THE DANISH EXPEDITION TO SIAM (1899— 1900).
Flora of Koh Chang.
Contributions to the knowledge of the vegetation in the Gulf of Siam. =
By
Johs. Schmidt.
Part V.
C. B. Clarke: Compositae, Umbelliferae.
Johs. Schmidt: Rhizophoraceae.
Ove Paulsen: Fagaceae.
F. K. Ravn: Loranthaceae.
Eug. Warming: Podostemaceae.
“C. H. Ostenfeld: Hydrocharitaceae, Lemnaceae, Pontederiaceae, Pota- mogetonaceae, Gentianaceae \ceioaiaeaiiaaas ‘Nymphaeaceae,
H. Harms: Leguminosae.
K. Schumann: Scitamineae.
A. Engler: Araceae.
F. Stephani: Hepaticae.
Reprinted from Botanisk Tidsskrift.. Vol. 24. January 1902.
Copenhagen. Printed by Bianco Luno. 1902.
Flora of Koh Chang.
Contributions to the knowledge of the vegetation in the Gulf of Siam.
By Johs. Schmidt.
Part V.
(C. B. Clarke: Compositae, Umbelliferae. — Johs. Schmidt: Rhizophoraceae. ~ Ove Paulsen: Fagaceae. — F. K. Ravn: Loranthaceae. — Eug. Warming: Podo-
stemaceae. — (. H. Ostenfeld: Hydrocharitaceae, Lemnaceae, Pontederiaceae, Potamogetonaceae, Gentianaceae (Limnanthemum), Nymphaeaceae. — H. Harms: Leguminosae. — K. Schumann: Scitamineae. — A. Engler: Araceae. —
F. Stephani: Hepaticae.)
Compositae (== Asteraceae, Lindley) by C. B. Clarke — Kew.
The Compositae sent me collected in Koh Chang by the Danish Expedition to Siam (1899—1900) are 19; and are all known from the Eastern part of British India, at elevations 0—400 metr. above the sea. The plant enumerated below as Blumea subracemosa is no real exception, as it might be almost, if not exactly, matched out of the innumerable forms of Blumew lacera in the Indian collections.
The low-level Compositae of Eastern British India consist of wide-spread tropical plants that accompany cultivation, of a few maritime plants, and of the universal Blwmea, — the Hieraciwn of Bengal.
Sphaeromorphaea Russelianu is a rare plant, known to me only as a weed in cultivated land.
Wedelia scandens, Roxb., is known to me only as a strictly maritime plant, in the Mangrove swamps and Soondreeboom. Its distribution in Bombay is (fide D* Cooke) similar. It appears to be very widely spread quite close to the sea in the tropics.
140 949
As all the plants in the collection have been lately treated by Sir Joseph D. Hooker in the Flora of British India v. 3 [18814], I have given a reference for each species to that book instead of copying out all the synonymy. To shew the local geographic distribution, I have added references to
Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. v.2 [1856] Vidal Pl. Vasc. Filip. Hemsley Known Pl. of China (in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 23 [1886—8}).
The principal genus is Blumea, 6 ,species* or forms (besides Laggera). In dealing with these, I have only attempted to match the exemples of the Danish Expedition, stating where the match appears to me exact; and, if not exact, in what particular it does not quite agree. I have not made any attempt to revise the genus critically or to improve on Sir J.D. Hooker’s sorting and characters. Such a revision would occupy months, nor do I feel sure that the results would be an improvement. Similarly, as regards Wedelia scandens [Roxb. sub Verbesina], I have not sorted afresh the numerous examples of it in Kew, from Malaya, North Australia, Polynesia, mixed under numerous other names but nearly all of it included under the name Wedelia biflora by Bentham.
The present 19 species may possibly include nearly all the indigenous Compositae of the Island of Koh Chang; but there is a considerable number of rice-field Compositae, any other of which might turn up in cultivation; or, if carried to Koh Chang, become plentiful there.
Vernonia Schreb. [Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. v. 2, p. 227.] 1. Y¥. cinerea Less. in Linnaea v. 4 [1829], p. 291 ; DC, Prod. v. 5, p. 24; Mig. FI. Ind. Bat. v.2, p.11; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 3, p. 233; Vidal Pi. Vase. Filip. p. 160; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 23 [L886 —8], p. 401. Conyza cinerea Linn, Sp. Pl. [ed. 2], p. 1208.
Exemplum n. 18 est forma typica C. cinereae, species communis, cui varietates numerosae junctae sunt.
Lem Dan, common in cultivated ground. Area: In calidis Orbis Veteris, communis.
943 141
2. Y. elliptica DC. in Wight Contrib. [1834], p. 5; DC. Prod. v. 5, p. 22.
V. elaeagnifolia DC. Prodr. v. 5 [1836], p. 22; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 3, p. 237.
Conyza elaeagnifolia Wallich ms. [List. n. 3041].
Wight Nr. 1377 (V. ellipticae origo) in herb. Wight sine habitat est
ex mea sententia V. elaeagnifoliae (a Griffith in Mergui lectae) exemplum alterum. Griffith Wightio plantas plurimas dederat.
Mouth of Klong Munsé, climbing on trees near the sea. Area: Malay Peninsula; Siam (Schomburgk n. 116).
Elephantopus Linn. [Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. v. 2, p. 237.]
3. E. seaber Linn. Sp. Pl. [ed. 2], p. 13813, syn. quibusdam excel.; DC. Prod. v. 5, p.86; Wight Ic. Pl. Ind. Or. t. 1086; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. vy. 2, p. 21; Hook. f. Fl. Ind. Or. v. 3, p. 242; Vidal Pl. Vasc. Filip. p. 160; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 23 [1886—8], p. 402.
Common everywhere, in cultivated ground. Area: In calidis utriusque Orbis, communis.
Adenostemma Forst. {Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. v. 2, p. 239].
4. A. viscosum, J. R. et G. Forst. Gen. Pl. [1776], p. 90, t. 45; DC. Prod. v. 5, p. 111; Mig. FI. Ind. Bat. v.2, p.23; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 3, p. 242 cum syn.; Vidal Pl. Vasc. Filip. p. 160; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 23 [1886—8], p. 403.
A. latifolium, D.Don Prod. Fl. Nepal p. 181; Wight Ic. Pl. Ind. Or. t. 1087.
A, angustifolium, Arnott in Nova Acta Nat. Cur. v. 18, pars. 1 [1836], p. 347.
Verbesina Lavenia, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 1271.
Var. a latifolia (sp.) D. Don; foliis ovatis.
Lem Dan, in rice-field.
Area: In calidis [et temperatis] utriusque Orbis.
Var. & angustifolia (sp.) Arnott; foliis lanceolatis, imo interdum lineari- lanceolatis.
Klong Munsé, Klong Son; on river-banks.
Area: India; quam in Zeylanea tam in Himalaya Occidentali. Hujus Var. forma foliis linearilanceolatis antea e Malaya non visa.
Ageratum Linn. {Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. v. 2, p. 241.] 5. A. conyzoides, Linn. p. Pl. eSd. 2, p. 1175; DC. Prod. v. 5, p. 108;
142 QAA
Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. v.2, p. 28; Hook. f. Brit. Ind. v. 3, p. 243; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 23 [1886—8], p. 403.
Common in cultivated ground near Lem Dan. Area: In omnibus regionibus calidis sparsa.
Erigeron Linn. [Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. v. 2, p. 279].
6. E. Canadensis Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 1210; DC. Prod. v. 5, p. 289, Oederi tab. excl.; Bentl. et Trim. Medic. Pl. t.149; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v.2, p. 254; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 23 [1886—8], p. 418.
Klong Sarlakpet, edge of the jungle. Area: In omni fere Orbe Terrarum sparsa; ex America Boreali forsan orta.
Blumea DC. [Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. v. 2, p. 289].
7. B. glomerata DC. in Wight Contrib. [1834], p.15, Prod. v. 5. p. 443; Hook. f. F). Brit. Ind. v. 3, p. 262; Vidal Pl. Vasc. Filip. p. 162; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 23 [1886—8], p. 420.
B. fasciculata DC. Prod. v. 5, p. 442.
Conyza glomerata Wallich ms. [List n. 3055]; Mig. FI. Ind. Bat. v. 2, p. 45.
C. fasciculata Wallich ms. [List n. 3094]; nec Wallich ms. [List n. 3017], nec Miquel.
Exempl. n. 80b cum Hookeri fil. exemplis (in Chittagong lectis), et Wallichii exemplis (in Malaya Peninsulari lectis) exacte quadrat.
Lem Dan. Area: India, Ghina, Malaya. Philippines.
8. B.lacera DC. in Wight Contrib. [1834], p. 14, Prod. v. 5, p. 436; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 3, p. 263; Vidal Pl. Vase. Filip. p. 162.
Conyza lacera herb. Roxb.; Wallich List n. 3082 scheda prima.
Exemplum n. 2! est Var. a C. B. Clarke [Comp. Ind. p. 76] ,foliis parum incisis subtus villosis, inflorescentia oblonga dense sericea; var. in Bengalia et Pegu vulgatissima.
Formae aut varietates, ,,foliis magis incisis minus sericeis, panicula laxiore magis cinerea‘, sunt —
Conyza lacera Roxb. Fl. Ind. v. 3, p. 428 et Ic. Ined. t. 429 in herb. Kew; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. v.2, p.42 partim; [forsan ? Burm. Fl. Ind. p. 180. t. 59, fig.3?] == Blumea laceru Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 23 [1886 —8], p. 421."
Lem Dan, in open country.
Area: India, China, Malaya, Philippines, Africa.
9. B. hymenophylla DC. Prod. v.5 [1836], p. 440. B. lacera Var. 7 hyinenophylla C. B. Clarke Gomp. Ind. p. 77.
245 143
B. membranacea Hook f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 3, p. 266 partim.
Conyza hymenophylla Wallich ms. [List n. 3038].
In Wallich n. 3038, phyllaria sunt fere (neque omnino) glabra. In Koh Chang exemplis phyllaria admodum pilosa videntur.
Lem Dan, in open country; Klong Sarlakpet. on rocks in the jungle.
Area: Pegu, Malaya, Philippines.
10. 8B. oxyodonta DC. in Wight Contrib. [1834], p. 15, Prod. v. 5, p. 444 partim; C.B. Clarke Comp. Ind. p. 85 partim.
B. virens herb. Wight partim; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 264 partim.
B. spinellosa C.B. Clarke Comp. Ind. p. 84 partim, non DG.
Conyza oxyodonta Wallich ms. [List n. 3015]; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. v. 2, p. 45 partim.
In Wallich List n. 3015 (Conyza oxyodonta Wallich) rami basi de- cumbentes, suberecti, longi videntur; fere = Koh Chang n. 161. DC. in Wight Contrib. p. 15, Wightii plantam Negapatensem descripsit; Wallichii planta Malayana auiem parum differt.
B. oxyodonta Hook. f. Fl. Ind. v. 2, p. 266 ,prostrata* est planta minor = Conyza tenera, Wallich List n. 3023 — B. oxyodonta Var. DC. Prod. v. 5, p. 444.
Lem Dan, in dry, open places.
Area: India Australis, Malay Peninsula.
11. B. subracemosa C. B. Clarke.
Conyza subracemosa Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. v. 2 [1856], p. 41.
Blumeae bifoliae DC. (in Wight Contrib. p. 14, Prod. v. 5, p. 434) forsan quasi Var. aestimanda; ob pedunculos breves diversa. A Blumea oxyodonta, praeter folia latiora longius petiolata, parum diversa.
Klong Sarlakpet, in humid places. Area: Java.
12. B. balsamifera DC. Prod. v.5 [1836], p. 447; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 3, p. 270; Vidal Pl. Vase. Filip. p. 161; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v.23 [1886—8], p. 420; Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1957.
Conyza balsamifera Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 1203; Mig. FI. Ind. Bat.
v.%, p.55 cum syn. C. appendiculata Blume Bijd. p. 895 non Lam.
In dry open country near Lem Dan. Area: India, Malaya, Cochin China, Ins. Philippine, Formosa, Hainan, vul- garis, in cultis derelictis pestis, 1—3 metr. alt.
Pluchea Cass.
13. P. indiea (L.) Lessing in Linnaea v.6 [1831], p. 150; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 111, p. 272; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 23 [1886—8], p. 422.
Lem Ngob, Klong Sarlakpet. in mangrove-swamps.
Area: Malaya, China.
144 246
Laggera Schultz-Bip. [Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. v. 2, p. 190.]
14. L. flava Benth. in Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. v. 2 [1873], p. 290; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v.3, p. 270.
Blumea flava DC. Prod. v. 5, p. 439. Conyza fasciculata Wallich ms. [List n. 3017 nec n. 3094]; Mig. FI. Ind. Bat. v. 2, p. 49.
Lem Dan, in grassy spots. Area: India Borealis, Peninsula Malayana, frequens.
Sphaeranthus Linn. [Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. v. 2, p. 294.]
15. §. Africanus Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 1314; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind.
v.3, p.275; Vidal Pl. Vasc. Filip. p. 162; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 23 [1886—-8], p. 423.
S. microcephalus Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 3, p. 2395; DC. Prop. v. 5, p. 369; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. v. 2, p. 36.
In rice-fields near Klong Munsé. Area: In calidioribus Africae, Asiae, Australiae.
Wedelia Jacq. [Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. v. 3, p. 370].
16. W. scandens C. B. Clarke Comp. Ind. [1876], p. 136, in Proc. Linn. Soc. [1894—5], p. 23.
W. biflora Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 3, p. 306 partim; Benth. Fi. Hongk. p. 183; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 23 [1886—8], p. 433.
WW. strigulosa K. Schum. in Engl. Jahrb. v.9 [1887—8], p. 223.
Verbesina strigulosa Gaud. in Freycinet Voy. [1826], p. 463?
V. scandens Roxb. Fl. Ind. v. 3, p. 441.
Frutex 2—4-metralis et ultra; sequitur descriptio Roxburghii abbre- viata :
»Perennial. Stem long, straggling or climbing, often as thick as the little finger. Leaves 2—4 in long, petioled, cordate, serrate, 3-nerved. Peduncles terminal, generally 3 fold, erect, the lateral ones 3-flowered, [while that] of the centre has only one. Flowers pretty large, bright yellow. *
Errore typographico, Roxburgh habuerat ,white, that* pro ,while that“. Ob hane causam cl. Hooker f. (in Fl. Brit. Ind.) speciem Verbe- sinam scandentem Roxb. (imo in indice) praeterviserat.
Verbesina biflora Linn. (Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 1272, ,statura Siegesbeckiae“) est = Rheede Hort. Mal. v.10, t. 40, annua, erecta, 2-pedalis [cf. Roxb. Fl. Ind. v. 3, p. 440). Wedelia biflora DC. in Wight Contrib. [1834] p. 18 est planta Linnaei et Rheedei (exemplis ed. scandentis fusis). Wedelia aristatu Less. in Linnaea v.6 [1831], p. 160 est fide Lessingii ,gracilis*
aS
247 145
sed verosimiliter est V. seandens e ramulis descripta. Wedelia scandens, viva, a caeteris Wedeliae speciebus insigniter differt.
Klong Prao, Koh Kahdat, on sandy sea-shores. Area: In maritimis Asiae Orientalis, Australiae trop., Polynesiae, sat com- munis.
Cosmos Cav. (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. v. 2, p. 387.] 17. €. sulphurens Cav. Ic. v. 1 [1791], p. 56, t. 79; Hook. f. FI. Brit. Ind. v. 2, p. 310.
Adenolepis calva Schultz-Bip. in Zoll. Verz. Ind. Archip. p. 123; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. v. 2, p. 79. Bidens calva C. B. Clarke Comp. Ind. p. 141.
Lem Dan, Lem Ngob common in dry open places. Area: Mexico, planta culta; in India, Malaya, non raro efferata.
Sphaeromorphaea DC.
Prod. v. 6 [1887], p. 140. [Centipeda, Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. v. 2, p. 430 partim.]
18. Sph. Russeliana DC. Prod. v. 6 [1837], p. 140; Deless. Jc. Select. v. 4, t. 49; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 3, p. 317.
Centipeda orbicularis C. B. Clarke Comp. Ind. p. 151; Kurz in Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal. v. 46, pars 2 [1877], p. 179, non Lour. Cotula Russelliana Wallich ms. List n. 3240.
Exempla in herb. Kew conservata, e Malaya, Tonkin, China, Philip- pines, sunt Centipeda orbicularis Lour.
Klong Son, Klong Sarlakpet. in wet places. Area: Madras ; (Circars) Russell; Bengal, Chota Nagpore, C. B. Clarke n.34806. Siam; fide Kurz l.c.
Emilia Cass.
(Benth. et Hook. f; Gen. Pl. v. 2, p. 583.]
19. D.sonchifolia DC. in Wight Contrib. Bot. Ind. p. 24, Prod. v. 6, p. 302; Mig. FI. Ind. Bat. v.2, p. 101; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 3, p. 336; Vidal Pl. Vase. Filip. p. 164; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 23 [1886—8], p- 449.
Cacalia sonchifolia Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 1169.
Exemplum Koh Chang est forma ,glabra* Wallich ms. List n. 3145.
Klong Son in a pool. Area: In calidioribus Orbis Veteris communis, Orbis Novi inquilina.
10
146 948
Umbelliferae by C.B. Clarke — Kew.
Hydrocotyle Linn.
1. H. Asiatiea Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 234, ed. 2, p. 338; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 2, p. 669 cum syn.
Centella Asiatica Urban in Mart. Fl. Brasil v.11, p.1, p. 287, t. 78, fig. 1.
Klong Son, in pools. Area: In tropical and warm regions both of the New and Old World.
Eryngium Linn.
2. EK. foetidum Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 232, ed. 2, p. 336; Urban in Mart. F]. Brasil. v.11, pars 1, p. 302, t. 79, fig.2; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v.34 [1898—19001, p. 475.
This plant has been received from Singapore where it was introduced, and from Yunnan. It has been cultivated as of medicinal value; and
Hemsley I. c. shews that it was introduced into the Dutch East Indies, and is satisfied that none of Asian collection is indigenous.
Koh Kong; in dry, sandy spots near the sea. Area: Trop. America. In South-East Asia, introduced.
Carum Linn. 3. ©. Roxburghianum Benth. in Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. v. 1 [1867], p.891; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 2, p.682 cum syn.
Lem Dan, in dry grassy spots, probably escaped from cultivation. Area: Throughout India extensively cultivated. Not known to me wild; it may be a cultivated form of one of the closely-allied wild species of Carum.
249 147
Rhizophoraceae by Johs. Schmidt.
The Rhizophoraceae of our area are 8 and except one species, Caralliau integervima, which grows in the inland jungle, confined to the sea-shores and estuaries of rivers, forming the bulk. of the mangroves or tidal-forests so characteristic to Eastern tropical coasts, Along the shores of the Gulf of Siam the mangrove is very luxuriant and nearly all the species generally recorded from the tropics of the Old World occur here. Of the Rhizophoraceae') only one or two species (Kandelia Rheedii W. and Arn. and Brigitiera parviflora W. and Arn., see below) are wanting in the Siamese mangrove. As to Kandelia Rheedii it is said by Schimper (in Engler und Prant] Nat. Pflanzenfam. III, 7, p. 52) to occur from India to Hongkong and it is also quoted from the Malay Archipelago?) ; so we might expect to find it in the Gulf of Siam, but although I looked for it with great attention I was not fortunate enough to find it. It is widely distributed along the shores of the Bay of Bengal and is common in some places e.g. near Calcutta (according to a private communication by Mr. C.B. Clarke); but East of the Malay Peninsula it seems to be a rare plant and neither Schimper’) nor Karsten‘), who lately studied the Indo-Malayan mangroves, have found it. In a letter to me Mr. H.N. Ridley from Singapore writes: ,Kandelia Rheedii seerns to be very rare in our region. I have never been able to find it but once, in one of the rivers in Johore*. This is the nearest locality, that I know.
I have examined the specimens of Kundelia Rheedii contained in the Kew and Copenhagen herbaria. Those specimens doubtful
1) As to the circumscription of species 1 follow Schimper in his excellent work, Die Indo-Malayische Strandflora, Jena 1891. *) Henslow in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. India II, p. 437. 3) Indo-Malayische Strandflora. 4) G. Karsten: Uber die Mangrove-Vegetation im Malayischen Archipel, Biblio- theca Botanica Heft 22, 1891. 10*
148 250
as to locality being excluded the geographic range of the species is
to be seen from the following data:
Indian Ocean: Quilon (Herb. Wight propr. 1042). Travenocore (Herb. Wight), Mangalore near Madras (Herb. Wight n. 992). Soondreeboon (Herb. of the late East India Company n. 2204, C. B. Clarke n. 2176 b (Koolna); Calcutta, cultivated in the Bota- nical Garden). Tenasserim and Andamans (Herb. Helfer); Mergui (Herb. of the late East India Company n. 2219). Singa- pore (according to Ridley).
Pacific Ocean: Borneo, Sarawak (Beccari), (Haviland n. 2097). Tonkin, Haiphong (Balansa n. 1135). Hongkong (Champion), Lantao Island (Herb. Hongkong Bot. Gard. n. 144). Formosa, Tamsuy (Oldham).
Rhizophora L.
1. R. mucronata Lam. Encycl. VI, p. 89, Ill. t.396; Hooker f. Fl. Brit. India II, p. 435; Theobald in Mason Burma its people and produc- tions, vol. I (1883), p. 480; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, 1, p. 583; G. Karsten in Bibliotheca Botanica Heft 22 (1891), t.1, IV, IX; Schimper Indo-Malayische Strandflora (1891) p. 92, t. V (fig. bona) et in Engler und Prantl Nat. Pflanzenfam. III, 7, p. 52; Wight Ill. I, p. 209 et Icon. t. 238; Kurz For. Fl. Burma I, p. 447; Brandis For. F]. p. 217; Koorders en Valeton Boom- soorten van Java, Bijdrage n. 4 (1896), p. 278. — RR. latifolia Miq. Suppl. F]. Ind. Bat. p. 324; &. macrorhiza Griff. in Transact. Med. Phys. Soc. Calcutta VII, 2; 2. candelaria W.et Arn. Prod. I, 310; R. mangle Roxb. Fl. Ind. U, p. 459; — Rheede Hort. Mal. VI, t. 34.
Var. « typiea Schimper Indo-Malay. Strandflora p. 92 (1891).
In estuaries and swamps, far less common than the next species, but in some places (Klong Wen, Lem Ngob) forming large dense mangrove forests. In Koh Chang this species is rather rare. A moderate sized tree, which sends dowa stout aérial roots. :
Area: Eastern tropical coasts (also in Africa).
2. RK. conjugata L.; D.C. Prodrom. Ill, p.33; Hooker f. Fl. Brit. India II, p. 436; Theobald in Mason, Burma its people and productions, vol. II, p. 480 (1883); Schimper Indo-Malay. Strandflora p. 92, t. 5 et in Engl. und Prantl Nat. Pflanzenfam. IL, 7, p.52; G. Karsten in Bibliotheca Botanica Heft 22 (1891), t. Ul, fig. 1 (fig. bona); Koorders en Valeton Boomsorten van Java, Bijdrage n. 4 (1896), p.282; R. cundelaria D.C.
251 149
Prodrom. III, p. 32; Trimen Flora of Ceylon I, 1894, p. 151; R. apienlata BI. Fl. Jav. I, 91 et Mus. Bot. 134; Wight Ill. 4 209; Kurz For. FI. Brit. Burm. J, p. 447.
Abundant everywhere over the explored area forming with R. mucronata, Bruguiera gymnorhiza and Avicennia officinalis the bulk of the mangroves or tidal-forests of the coasts. In Koh Chang it is the most common species of the mangroves and seems to be very indifferent to the quality (rocks, mud, sand) and salinity of the ground on which it grows. A moderate sized tree (smaller than R. mucronata) with flowers and fruit in December, January, February. March.
Area: All Eastern tropical coasts (not in Africa).
Ceriops Arn.
3. €. Candolleana Arn. in Annals of Nat. Hist. 1, p. 353; Bl. Mus. bot. 143; Wight Icon. t. 240; Bedd. Flor. Sylv. Anal. Gen. t. 13, fig. 5; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, p. 590; Brandis For. Fl. 218, I, 448; Hooker f. Fl. Brit. India Il, p. 438; Theobald in Mason: Burma, its people and produc- tions, vol. II (1883), p. 481; Schimper Indo-Malay. Strandflora p. 94, t.1V, V, et in Engl. und Prantl Nat. Pflanzenfam. Ill, 7, p.52; G. Karsten in Bibliotheca Botanica Heft 22 (1891) p. 10, t. III (fig. bona), IV, IX; Koor- ders en Valeton, Boomsorten van Java, Bijdrage n. 4 (1896), p. 284. — C. timoriensis D.C. Prodr. III; C. lucida Mig. Suppl. Fl. Ind. Bat. 324; Boerlage in Teysmannia VI, 165.
Schimper |. c. p. 36 and Pflanzengeographie (1898, p. 431) states the occurrence of negative geotropical aérial roots in Ceriops Candolleanu like those of Sonneratia acida and Avicennia officinalis. 1 have examined a great number of specimens of this species, which is very common in
the Gulf of Siam, but I was never able to find even a trace of such aérial roots.
Abundant. in the tidal-forests throughout the explored area (all round Koh Chang; Klung; Koh Chick; Lem Ngob; Koh Kong) with the mangroves on muddy and stony ground; a small or moderate-sized tree or a shrub, which bears flo- wers and fruit in December, January, February and March.
Area: Tropical shores of the Old World.
4. €. Roxbarghiana Arn. in Annals of Nat. History 1, p. 363; Mig. F}. Ind. Bat. J, 1, p.591; Kurz Fl. Br. Burma I, p. 448; Hooker f. Fl. Brit. India II, 436; Schimper Indo-Malay. Strandflora (1891), p. 94 et in Engl. und Prantl Nat. Pflanzenfam. III, 7, p.52; G. Karsten in Bibliotheca Botanica Heft 22 (1891), p. 10, t. Ill (fig. bona); Koorders en Valeton Boom- soorten van Java, Bijdrage n. 4 (1896), p. 287. — C. Zippelianu Bl. Mus. bot. 143; C. deeandra Theobald in Mason: Burma, its people and pro- ductions vol. Il (1883), p. 480; Rhizophora decandra Roxb. Hort. Beng. 36; Wall. Cat. 4875; Rh. glomerulata Herb. Zipp.
C. Candolleanu and Roxburghiana are closely allied. The most im-
150 952
portant distinguishing character is found in the petals, as it has already been sufficiently pointed opt by Arnott 1.c. p. 364: ,In the first species (C. Candolleana) the petals are only furnished towards the apex with about three stout bristles of equal thickness on each side giving to them a pal- mate appearance‘. But in C. Roxburghiana the petals are setoso-ciliate above towards their apex (fringed by numerous small bristles). Karsten states another good discriminating character in the position and directior of the sepals; I.c. p.10 he says: ,Die Kelchblatter der ersteren Art (C. Candolleana) bleiben ganz am Rande der Frucht inserirt und stehen ab, diejenigen der Ceriops Roxburghiuna riicken weit auf die Fruchtwand selbst hinauf und legen sich derselben an.‘ .
Lem Dan, tidal-forest on stony ground; a small shrub, which appears to be far less common than the preceding larger species. Flowering in January. Area: Tropical shores of the Old World.
Bruguiera Lam.
5. B. gymnorhiza Lam.
Mig. FI. Ind. Bat. I, p. 586; Kurz Fl. Burma I, 450: Brandis For. Fl. 219; Blume Mus. bot. 136; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. II, p. 437; G. Karsten in Bibliotheca Botanica Heft 22 (1891) t. II, X; Schimper Indo-Malayische Strandflora (1891) p. 95, t. TL, IV, V et in Engl. und Prantl Nat. Pflanzen- fam. II], 7 p. 54; Koorders en Valeton Boomsoorten van Java, Bijdrage n. 4 (1896) p. 292. — B, Rheedii Baill. Hist. Pl. 287; Wight Icon. t. 239; Mig. FI. Ind. Bat. 1.587; Benth. Flor aust. non Blume; B. rhedii Hemsley in Voyage of H. M. 8. Challenger, Botany, p. 237; B. Rumphii Bl. Mus. bot. 137 non Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. Il, 438; B. Wightit Bl. et B. Zippelii Bl. Mus. bot. 138, 139; 3B. gymnorhiza p. p. Theobald in Mason: Burma, its people and productions, vol. Il (1883), p. 481; Rhizophora gymnorhiza Roxb. Fl]. Ind. Il, 460; Loureiro FJ. Cochinchin. tom. I, p. 297; Griff. Ic. Pl. As. t. 645,
In foliage this species resembles Rhizophora conjugata and though easily distinguished when flowering sterile branches of the two species have often been confounded, However the leaves of Rhizophora are
dotted beneath with minute black spots, which are not to be found in Bruguiera.
Common everywhere throughout the explored area with the mangroves, especially in the interior of the tidal-forests on swampy muddy ground (more seldom on rocky and sandy ground). <A handsome, large tree, taller than any other in the mangrove!). Flowers and fruit found in December, January, February and March.
Area: East Africa, Tropical Asia, Australia and Pacific.
6. B.eriopetala W. et Arn. in Wight Ill. I, p. 210; Icon. t. 239B; Hook. f. Flor. Brit. India II, p. 438; Schimper Indo-Malay. Strandflora (1891),
1) Up to 28 metr. according to Koorders en Valeton 1]. c. p. 293.
253 151
p. 95, t. V et in Engl. und Prantl Nat. Pflanzenfam. Ill, 7, p.54, fig.27 H-L; G. Karsten in Bibliotheca Botanica Heft 22 (1891), t.V, VIII, IX, XI. Koorders en Valeton Boomsoorten van Java, Bijdrage n. 4 (1896), p. 295. — B, Rheedit Bl. in Herb. Lugd. Bat. non auct.; Mus. bot. 138; B. parietosa Griff. Not. IV, 670; Icon. t.641; B. Rumphit Hook. f. FI). Brit. Ind. non Blume; 8. gymnorhiza Benth. in FI. austral. non Lam.; B. cylindrica BI. Mus. bot. 137; B. oxyphylla Miq. Fl. Sumatr. 324; B. gymnorhiza p.p. Theobald in Mason: Burma, its people and productions, vol. If (1883), p. 481.
In the explored area this is less common than the preceding larger spe- cies!), I have found it only on muddy ground in the interior of the tidal-forest (Klong Prao, Lem Dan, Lem Ngob). A rather small tree or a shrub with flowers in January, February and March.
Area: Malaya, China. ,
7. B. caryophylloides Bl. Mus. bot. I, p. 141; Hook. f. FL Brit. India If, 438; Kurz For. Fl. Burma I, 450; Theobald in Mason: Burma, its people and productions, vol. I] (1883), p. 481; Schimper Indo-Malay. Strandflora (1891), p. 96, t. V et in Engl. und Prantl Nat. Pflanzenfam. III, 7, p. 54, fig. 27 M,N; G. Karsten in Bibliotheca Botanica Heft 22 (1891), t. II (fig. bona), V; Koorders en Valeton Boomsoorten van Java, Bijdrage n. 4 (1896), p. 298. — Kanilia caryophylloides Bl. Mus. bot. 141; Rhizophoru caryo- phylloides Jack. Mal..Misc. I, 39; Wight Ill. t. 210; Griff. Icon. t. 642. — Rheede Hort. Mal. VI, t.33; Rumph. Herb. Amboin. Il, t. 69 A, B.
Rather common within our area in the tidal-forests with B. gymnorhiza, on muddy ground (Klong Wen, Koh Ghick, Lem Ngob, Klong Sarlakpet). A small or moderate-sized tree or a shrub. Flowers and fruit met with in January and February.
Area: India from Malabar to Malacca, Ceylon, Malaya.
B. parviflora W. & Arn, Prodr. I, p. 311. Sterile branches of a Bruguiera, which may possibly belong to this species, have been collected in the mangrove at Lem Ngob; but the specimens cannot be determined with certainty.
Carallia Roxb. 8. €. integerrima D.C. Prodr. III, p.33; Hook. f. FI. Brit. India I, p. 439 ¢. synon.; Wight Illustr. t. 90, non Icon. t. 605; G. Karsten in Bibliotheca Botanica Heft 22 (1891), t. V, f. 36—41; Trimen, Flora of Ceylon II, 1894, p. 155; Koorders en Valeton Bijdrage n. 4 (1896), p. 301; C. lucida Kurz For. Flor. Brit. Burma I, 451, non Roxb. Cor. pl. t. 211.
The leaves of this widely spread species vary exceedingly. In all my
1) In Java, B. eriopetala appears to’ be more common than B. gymnorhiza according to Koorders en Valeton l.c. p, 296.
152 254.
Siamese specimens they are broadly obovate and very obtuse (as in Cinga- lese specimens) and always quite entire; but my material is not very large and Koorders en Valeton state |. c. p. 304 that they have found (in Java) specimens with entire (or nearly so) and dentate-serrulate leaves in the very same tree. It is not quite correct when Henslow (in Flora Brit. India p. 439) says that ,the petals are not embracing the filaments‘; I have examined good flower material and found that the filaments were always enclosed by the small petals; see also Koorders en Valeton |. c. p. 304 ,Petala ...., imeunte anthesi stamina invol- ventia *
A rather large tree with slender bare trunk and wide-spreading top, com- mon on riverbanks in the jungle near Klong Munsé. Flowering in February and March.
Area: Ceylon, India, Burma, Malay Peninsula, China, Malaya, Tropical Australia.
bo or or
153
Fagaceae by Ove Paulsen — Copenhagen.
Quercus L.
1. Q. (Cyclobalanopsis) semiserrata Roxb. Fl. Ind. Ml, 641; Hooker f. Fl. Brit. Ind. V, 604; Geo. King: Ind.-Mal. sp. Quercus a. Castanopsis p- 28, pl. 22 (Ann. roy. bot. Garden Calcutta lI, 1889).
A form with globose-ovoid velutine glands, 2 cm. long.
Klong Munsé; Klong Son, in the jungle.
Area: Assam, Silhet, Cachar, Khasia hills, Tenasserim, Sumatra, Banka.
2. Q. (Pasania) lanceefolia Roxb. Fl. Ind. Ill, 634; Hooker f. FI. Brit. Ind. V, 616; King l.c. p.79, pl. 74.
Klong Munsé; north-end of Koh Chang; Lem Dan, in the jungle. Area: Sikkim, Bhotan, Assam, Munipore, Chittagong, Upper Burma.
Castanopsis Spach.
3. C.armata (Roxb.) Spach Hist. Veg. Fau. XI, 185; Roxb. Fl. Ind. Ill, 640. Hooker f. F]. Brit. Ind. V, 622. King l.c. p. 101, pl. 93.
Having no example of this species for comparison I refer to the description and figure of King, with which the Koh-Chang-specimens agree:
Jungle near Klong Majum.
Area: Sikkim, Bhotan, Assam, Cachar, Burma, Khasia hills, Chittagong.
256
Loranthaceae by F. Kelpin Ravn — Copenhagen.
Elytranthe (BI.) Engl.
1. E. ampullacea (Roxb.) Engl.
Loranthus ampullaceus Roxb. et LD. globosus Roxb. in Hooker; Flora of British India V, p.220; L. subuwmbellatus Bl. in Flora Javae Fasc. 40 —41, tab. XVIII; L. sphwrocarpus Bl. ibd. tab. XVII; L. Cochinchinensis Willd. (?) in Loureiro: Flora Cochinchinensis tom. I, p. 241.
Klong Prao; riverbank. : Area: North-East India, Burma, Malacca, Penang, Singapore, Java; Gochin-
china (?). Loranthus (L.) Engl.
2. L. heteranthus Wall.
Hooker 1. c. p. 208.
Lem Dan, on Mangifera indica. Area: Burma, Malay Peninsula (Ridley), Java, Borneo.
3. L. pentapetalus Roxb. Hooker |. c. p. 206; Blume l.c. p. 39, tab. XIV et XXIII, fig. A. Helixanthera parasitica Loureiro(?) |. c. p. 176.
Lem Dan, on a tall tree near the village. Area: Nepal, Assam, Yunnan, Burma, Malacca, Penang, Singapore, Java,
Sumatra, Borneo; Cochinchina(?).
4. WL. ehrysanthus (G. Don) BI.
Blume |. c. p. 25, tab. V. Dendrophthoé chrysautha G. Don. in Miquel: Flora Indiae Batavae vol. I, pars I, p. 812.
The’ specimens differ from the type in the straight corolla-tube with well-marked longitudinal furrows.
Lem Dan, riverbank, on Ficus fistulosa, Area: Penang (according to specimens in the Botanical Museum of Copen-
hagen, collected by Mr. Rink), Sumatra, Java.
5. L. pentandrus L. Hooker 1. c. p. 216; Blume |. c. p.33, tab. X—XL
957 155
Some of the specimens collected differ from the type in the smaller, elliptic to lanceolate, acute to acuminate leaves.
Koh Kahdat, sea-shore on Hernandia peltata; Klong Munsé, riverbank; Lem Dan, mangrove on Brugwiera eriopetala W. et Arn. Area: Burma, Malacca, Penang, Singapore, Sumatra, Java, Borneo.
Viscum (L.) Engl. 6. V. orientale Willd.
Var. obtusatum (Wall.) Mig.
Miquel l.¢. p.805. V. obtusatum Wall. in De Candolle: Prodromus t.IV, p. 279.
Lem Dan on Ficus consociata Bl. var. Martoni King: Koh Kahdat, sea-shore. Area: Ceylon, India, Burma, Malacca, China, Malay [slands, New Guinea, North Australia. The var. obtusatum is only observed in Asia.
156 958
Podostemaceae by Eug. Warming — Copenhagen.
The Danish Expedition has been so fortunate as to find a new Podostemacea, the first known from Siam. As far as I can see it is a new species. In habit, size, the structure of stem, form of leaf and more particularly in the flower having only one stamen it much resembles the Podostemon metzgerioides published by Trimen in 1892 (Handbook of the Flora of Ceylon, part Ill, p. 419, pl. 76), which latter, however, differs widely from it in other respects and is now (1900) placed under a new genus Farmeria by Dr. John Willis (see Trimen’s Handbook part V, Additions p. 286). Strangely enough during the last few years there has been found a third monandrous Podostemacea in Asia (Java), viz. Cladopus Nymani Hj. Moller, and in some points the Siamese Podostemacea approaches close to this species also.
I have named the new Siamese species Polyplewrum Schmidtia- num in honour of the finder.
Regarding the reasons why I prefer recording Hooker and Bentham’s subgenus Polypleurum as a distinct genus and prefer placing the new Siamese species under it I beg to refer to my 6" paper on the order Podostemuceae in the »Kgl. Danske Videnska- bernes Selskabs Skrifter* 1901, where both Polypleurum Schimidtia- num and Cladopus Nymani are figured.
I give the following diagnosis of it: —
Polypleurum. P. Schmidtianum Warmg. n. sp.
Radices in rupibus repentes, iisdem arcte adpresse, late lineares, planee, irregulariter subdistiche ramose. Caules in facie superiore radicum prope margines nascentes brevissimi, foliis paucis (ad 5—6) instrneti. Folia disticha simplicia, linearia, obtusa. Flos in caulibus solitarius terminalis, primum inter folia duo ad basin in vagina ampliata occultus, dein emergens longe pedicellatus. Spathella
259 157
rupta ad basin pedicelli relicta. Stamen unicum, basi in utroque latere squamula perigoniali anguste lineari, filamento fere equilonga, munitum.
Radices ce. 2—4(—6) mm. late. Folia 5—8 mm. longa, 1/3—1/2 mm. lata. Pedicelli fructiferi 6—10 mm. long. Squamule perigo- niales c.1 mm. long. Stamina c.1,2 mm. longa. Styli duo, rarius 3, longiusculi, lineares acuti. Capsula matura non visa; immatura c. 1,5 mm. longa.
With regard to figures and a more exhaustive description I beg to refer to my 6% paper on the order Podostemacee in the ,Kgl. Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Skrifter* 1901.
On rocks in quickly flowing water. Only met with in two localities, both in Koh Chang, viz. Klong Majum alt. 700 ft. and Klong Sarlakpet alt. 600 ft. in small waterfalls in the jungle; it does not grow where the stream is less rapid. The specimens from Klong Majum were collected on February 23"4 and were ste- rile, whereas those from Klong Sarlakpet found on March 15th bore flowers and unripe fruit which extended above the surface of the running water.
158 260
Hydrocharitaceze, Lemnacez, Pontederia- ceze, Potamogetonacez, Gentianaceze (Lim- nanthemum), Nymphzeaceze
by C. H. Ostenfeld — Copenhagen.
Hydrocharitacee. Blyxa Thouars.
1. J. sp. (octandra (Roxb.) Planch. ?).
It is impossible to determine the collected specimens of Blyxa because they are sterile.
Rice-field near Lem Dan. Area (of B. octandra): Tropical Asia and Australia.
Halophila Thouars.
2. WH. ovalis (R. Br.) Hook. fil., Fl. Tasman. II, p. 45; B. Balfour, On the Genus Halophila, Transact. and Proc. of the R. Soc. Edinburgh vol. XIII, 1879, p. 290; Caulinia ovalis R. Br., Prodr. Fl. Nov. Hollandie p. 339, H, ovata Gaud., in Freycinet, Voy. Bot. p. 429, t. 40, f.1; Hook. f., FI. of British India V, p. 663.
The few present specimens which are sterile, belong to f. minor (Zoll.) Aschs., Linnea 1867, p. 174 (Lemnopsis minor Zollinger, Verzeichn. 1854, p. 75).
Between Koh Riat and Koh Mesan, in 3—5 fathoms water (coral-sand).
Area: Shores of the Indian, Malayan, Australian and Pacific Oceans (from the Canal of Suez to Luchnan Islands (Japan)).
3. HL decipiens Ostf., n. sp.
Leaves oblong-elliptic, their ventral surfaces hairless, but their dorsal surfaces and the margins covered with very fine, short, uni- cellular star hairs or teeth; the same hairs are found on the out- side of the scale- and spathe-leaves; from the midvein of the foliage leaves 6—9 lateral veins pass on each side outwards to the intra- marginal vein; the petioles 1/2—1 time as long as the lamine.
Plants moneecious, flowers unisexual, 1 male and 1 female flower enclosed in the spathe-leaves, corresponding in regard to structure etc. very closely with those of H. Baillonis (see: Theo.
261 159
Holm: Recherches anatomiques et morphologiques sur deux mono- cotylédones submergées (Halophila Baillonii Aschs. et Elodea densa Casp.); Bih. till k. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl. Bd.9, No. 13, 1885).
Halophila decipiens Ostf.; nat. size.
The Expedition has brought home a large material of this new Halo- phila, as well flowering as fruitbearing specimens preserved in alcohol. It resembles very much the Westindian H. Baillonis. 1 have examined for comparison a very large alcohol material of the latter (amongst other the same specimens as Mr. Theo. Holm has used for his above men- tioned carefull treatise), and I have found but a slight difference between this and the new species; the main difference consists in the absence of the short hairs on the ventral surfaces of the leaves in the new species, while H. Baillonis has short hairs on both sides. If the geographical distribution was not so quite different, I. should prefer to regard it as a variety of H. Baillonis, but it is not probable to suppose such a connection as. the sea-phanerogams generally have very natural and limited areas and H. Baillonis is confined to the shores of the Westindian Archipelago.
From H. ovalis which is common along the shores of the Indian Ocean, the new species is very different; the moneecious flowers, the small teeth in the margins and the short hairs on the surfaces of the leaves, the few lateral veins etc. remove it far from this.
Off Koh Kahdat, in 5 fathoms water (coral-sand).
Lemnacez.
Lemna L. 4. I, paucicostata Hegelm., Die Lemnaceen, 1868, p. 139; Hook. f,, Fl. of British India VI, p. 556. Only sterile specimens have been collected.
Koh Kong, in a poo). Avea: Tropical Africa, Asia, Australia and Polynesia; (tropical America®).
160
Oo or XS)
Pontederiacez. Monochoria Presl.
5. M. hastata (L.) Solms in De Candolle, Monographia Phanerog. IV, 1883, p. 523; M. hastefolia Pres], Reliq. Henk. Ul, p. 128; Hook. f., Fl. of British India VI, p. 362; Pontederia hastata L., Fl. Zeyl. p. 129.
Abundant in pools at the mouth of Klong Sarlakpet. Area: Ceylon, India, Malaya, China.
6. M. vaginalis Presl, Relig. Henk. I, p. 128.
var. plantaginea (Roxb.) Solms, l.c. p. 524; Hook. f., Fl. of British India VI, p. 363; Pontederia plantaginea Roxb., Fl. Ind. [I], p. 123.
Abundant in pools near Lem Dan; Klong Sarlakpet. Area of the variety: India, Java; of the main species: Tropical Africa, India, Malaya, China, Japan.
Potamogetonacee. Halodule Endl.
7. H. wninervis (Forsk.) Aschs. in Boissier, FJ. Orientalis V, 1882, p. 24; H. australis Miquel, Flora v. Neder]. Indié Il], p. 227; Zostera uninervis Forskal, Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. CXX and 157, 1775; ‘Cymodocea australis Hook. f., Fl. of British India XI, p. 570.
The collected specimens are sterile, the leaves very narrow, those from Koh Kong 1 mm., those from Koh Chang 0,5 mm. broad.
Ascherson!) and Sauvageau®”) mention a difference in the struc- ture of the leaf-end between the two existing species of Halodule, viz. that H. uninervis has a tooth in the middle of the leaf-end besides the two marginal teeth, while the West-indian H. Wrightii instead of the middle tooth has a kerf, but this difference does not really exist accor- ding to my researches. I have examined specimens of both species (H. Wrightii preserved in alcohol, from the Danish Westindian Islands), and found that the young leaves have three teeth (two marginal besides the middle-tooth), but the fullgrown ones have only the two marginal, the cells which have formed the middle tooth being destroyed and having fallen out, such as Sauvageau®*) has pointed out with respect to various other Potamogetonacee. — On the whole it is not possible to distinguish
the two species when sterile, except using their quite different geographical distribution as criterion.
1) Ascherson, P., lc. and: Die geographische Verbreitung der Seegriser in Neumayer, Anleit. zu wissensch. Beobacht. auf Reisen, Berlin, 1875, p. 364.
*) Sauvageau, C.: Sur la structure de la feuille des genres Halodule et Phyl- lospadix. Journ. de Botanique IV, 1890, p. 321.
5) Sauvageau, C.: Sur la structure des feuilles des plantes aquatiques. Ibid. p. 46.
263 161
Koh Kong and Koh Saket, cast ashore or floating in the surface of the water; Koh Chang near Lem Dan growing in shallow water on muddy ground. Area: Red Sea, Indian and Pacific Oceans.
Gentianacee.
Limnanthemum Gmel.
|. L. indieum (L.) Griseb., Genera et Species Gentianearum 1839; Hook. f., Fl. of British India IV, p. 131.
var. siamensis Ostf., nov. var.
Leaves smaller, 2—5 cm.long, broadly obovate, deeply cordate with obtuse lobes and a triangular sinus, rather thin; flowers few (2—3) in the umbel; pedicels 3—4 cm. long; bracts ovate, obtuse, about 5mm. long; lobes of the corolla 5, oblong, 10—15 mm. long, covered in the margins and above with numerous long cottony papillose hairs, white with a yellow base; capsule ?, seeds?.
According to the above description it will be easy to see that this little pretty Limnanthemum differs in some important points from the or dinary L. indicum; but having only few flowers and no fruit at my dis- posal I prefer to regard it as a variety of L. indicwm hoping that future investigations will settle this point.
Lem Ngob, in a small pond. Area: of the main species: from the Mascarene Islands throughout India, Malaya, Australia to Fiji Islands.
Nympheacee.
Nymphea L. 9. N. stellata Willd. Spec. Hl, 1799, p. 1152; Hook. f., Fl. of British India I, p. 114. The collected specimens belong to var. 1. punctata Caspary, Annales
Musei Botan. Lugdano-Batavi vol. II, 1865—66, p. 244, A, maculata Casp., ibid., a, coerulea Casp., ibid.
Abundant in pools near Lem Dan. Area: Egypt, Cordofan, Senegambia, Guinea, East Africa, Madagascar, In- dia, Malaya.
Nelumbo Adans. 10. N. nucifera Gaertn., De Fructibus 1788 I, p. 73; N. speciosum Willd., Spec. Il, 1799, p. 1258, Hook. f., FI. of British India I, p. 116; Nymphea Nelumbo Linné, Spec. Plant. 1753.
Cultivated everywhere throughout the area explored. Area: Persia, India, Malay Archipelago, Japan, China to Amur-river, Au- stralia.
11
Leguminosae by H. Harms — Berlin.
Mimosoideae.
Mimosa L. 1. M. pudica L. Spec. pl. 518.
Lem Dan in dry grassy spots. Area: In den tropischen und subtropischen Gebieten weit verbreitet. Neptunia Lour.
2, N. oleracea Lour. FI. cochinch. 654.
Lem Ngob, Lem Dan, in pools. Area: In den tropischen Gebieten weit verbreitet.
Adenanthera L.
3. A. pavonina L. Spec. pl. 384.
Koh Kahdat, in sandy sea-shore. Area: Trop. Asien, in den Tropen weit verbhreitet.
Parkia R. Br. 4. VP. sp.
Jungle near Lem Dan.
Caesalpinioideae.
Tamarindus L. 5. T. indica L. Spec. pl. 34.
Cultivated all over the area explored.
Area: In den Tropen weit verbreitete Kullurpflanze. Bauhinia L.
6. B. sp.
Woody climbing Bauhiniae are very common in the jungle of Koh Chang, but I was never fortunate enough to secure flowers of any.
265 - 163
Cassia L.
7. ©. alata L. Spec. pl. 378.
In dry plains near Klong Munsé. Area: In den Tropen weit verbreitet.
8. ¢. occidentalis L. Spec. pl. 377.
Klong Prao, in dry grassy spots. Area: In den Tropen weit verbreitet.
Pterolobium R. Br.
9. P. Schmidtianum Harms n. sp.
Ramulis angulatis, puberulis, ad foliorum basim aculeis geminis instructis; foliis circ. 10—13-jugis, petiolo communi aculeato, pu- berulo, pinnis circ. 20-—95-jugis, puberulis, foliolis linearibus, apice leviter emarginulatis vel obtusis, subtus glaucis; panicula terminali, ampla, axi et ramis breviter ferrugineo-velutinis vel puberulis; flo- ribus ignotis; pedicellis tn statu fructifero satis brevibus, tenuibus, puberulis vel parce puberulis; leguminis ala oblique oblonga.
Foliorum petiolus communis 20—%5 cm. longus, pinnae 4—6 cm. longae, foliola circ. 6 mm. longa, 1—11/2 mm. lata. Pedicelli 4-—6 mm. longi. Legumen 4—5 cm. longum.
Species foliolis parvis satis angustis subtus glaucis bene distinguenda.
A woody climber in the jungle near Klong Munsé with ripe fruit in February.
Caesalpinia L. 10. €. Bonducella Fleming in As. Res. XI (1810), 159.
A woody climber; Lem Ngob in the sandy sea-shore. Area: In den Tropen weit verbreitet.
Peltophorum Vog. 11. P. dasyrhachis Kurz ex Baker in Hook. f. FI. Brit. India II, 257.
Common in dry plains near Lem Dan; Koh Chang Noi. Area: Malayische Halbinsel.
Papilionatae.
Sophora L. 12. §, tomentosa L. Spec. pl. 373.
Kok Kahdat, very common on the sandy sea-shore. Area: In den Tropen weit verbreitet.
Sesbania Pers. 13. § grandiflora Pers. Synops. II, 316. Lem Dan, in humid spots. Area: Trop. Asien. i1*
164 266
Geissaspis \V. et Arn. 14. G. cristata W. et Arn. Prodr. 217. Lem Dan in humid spots.
Area: Trop. Asien. Desmodium Desv.
15. D. umbellatum D.C. Prodr. I, 325.
Koh Kahdat, Koh Saket, in sandy sea-shores. Area: Trop. Asien.
16. D. triquetrum D.C. Prodr. I, 326.
Lem Dan, in dry plains. Area: Trop. Asien.
17. D. sp.
On rocks in the jungle near Klong Munsé; a very minute species with ripe seeds in February.
18. D. polyearpum D.C. Prodr. Il, 334.
Lem Dan, in dry plains. Area: In den Tropen der alten Welt weit verbreitet. Derris Lour.
19. D. scandens Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. IV. Suppl. 103. Lem Dan, a climber on trees in the sandy sea-shore.
Area: Trop. Asien und Australien. Clitoria L. 20. €. ternatea L. Spec. pl. 753.
Lem Dan, in dry grassy spots; not climbing.
Area: In den Tropen weit verbreitet. Erythrina L.
21. E. indiea Lam. Encycl. I, 391.
A very common tree all over the area explored in sea-shores. Also com- monly planted near villages.
Area: Trop. Asien und Australien. Canavalia Adans. 22, (. ensiformis D.C. Prodr. II, 404.
Lem Dan, Koh Kahdat, a twiner in sandy sea-shores. Avea: In den Tropen weit verbreitet. sd
93. C. obtusifolia D.C. Prodr. Tl, 404.
267 165
Klong Prao, Mouth of Klong Wen, sandy sea-shores (a prostrate perennial herb)
Area: In den Tropen weit verbreitet. Cajanus D.C. 23. €. indicus Spreng. Syst. Il], 248.
A shrub or a small tree in dry plains near Klong Munsé and Klong Sar- lakpet. Area: In den Tropen weit verbreitete Kulturpflanze.
Phaseolus L. 94. Ph. adenanthus G. F. Mey. Prim. fi. esseq. 239.
Sandy sea-shore near Lem Dan, a twimer. Area: In den Tropen weit verbreitet.
166 268
Scitamineae ’) by K. Schumann — Berlin.
Zingiberaceae. Cureuma Linn.
1. €. aromatica Salisb. Parad. londin. t. 96.
Plains near Klong Sarlakpet.
Area: The plant is cultivated throughout India and the greater part of the Malayan Archipelago on account of the hot aromatic rhizome. In India it is very often found as a wild plant.
Alpinia Linn. 2. A. oxymitra K. Sch. n. sp.
Herba perennis, probabiliter elata caulibus erectis glabris. Folia sessilia elongato-linearia longe attenuato-acuminata et longissime caudata basi angustata utrinque glabra ad 40 cm. longa et 3 em. lata; ligula 3 mm. longa rotundata glabra. Racemus ad 16 cm. longus pendulus vel rectangulus, rhachis angulata subtomentosa. Flores breviter (vix 2 mm. longe) pedicellati solitarii; bracteae 18 mm. longae cucullatae longe apiculatae tomentellae. Ovarium ut calyx et corolla sericeum 2 mm. longum. Calyx 10mm. longus late tubulosus irregulariter trilobus, unilateraliter fissus. Corollae albae tubus 1,2 cm. longus, lobi oblongi obtusi 1,3 cm. metientes. Labellum 1,5 cm. longum obovatum subtrilobum; staminodia late- ralia late obovata 5 min. longa subtriloba. Fitamentum parce pi- losulum 8 mm. longum; anthera glabra 5 mm. longa, connectivi appendicula elliptica obtusa 2,5 mm. longa.
This very remarkable and peculiar species is recognised on the first look by its caplike very long pointed bracts and its large exterior stami- nods. I know no species with which is could be compared.
Jungle near Klong Munsé. Flowers yellowish white, with pink spots.
3. A. macroura K. Sch. n. sp.
Herba_ perennis one repente. Caules metrales graciles. Folia longe (ad 3,5 cm.) petiolata, petiolus minutissime puberulus,
1) Bananas (Musa sapientium L.) are commonly cultivated in the villages. Also wild bananas are said to occur in Koh Chang in the jungle. But I have never seen any of them.
969 167
lanceolata vel lineari-lanceolata attenuato-acuminata et longe cau- data basi acuta vel angustata apice utrinque et mediano subtus minute pilosula margine dense puberula; vagina et ligula 4 mm. longa rotundata minute puberula. Pannicula ad 11 cm. longa, rhachis validiuscula chryseo-tomentosa. Flores geminati brevissime pedicellati, pedunculo communi ad 8 mm. longo suffulti. Bracteae conchiformes ad 25cm. longae longe apiculatae apice villosae. Ova- rium sericeo-villosum. Calyx 2.cm. longus triente superiore in lobos acuminatissimos divisus unilateraliter fissus. Corollae tubus 1,5 cm. longus, lobi oblongi -obtusi 2,5 cm. metientes, dorsalis apice villosus. Labellum 4 cm. longum subtrilobum apice bilobatum; staminodia lateralia subulata 4 mm. longa. Filamentum 12 mm., anthera 13 mm. longa.
This species is near A. formosana K.Sch. but it differs by the api- culate bracts, the smaller stature and foliage.
Klong Son, Klog Sarlakpet, in dense jungle. Labellum yellow, with pink base.
Amomum Linn.
4. A. hirticalyx K. Sch. n. sp.
Herba perennis cum foliis ad 90 cm. alta. Folia breviter ad 10 mm. longe petiolata linearia vel lineari-oblanceolata attenuato- acuminata basi longe angustata utrinque glabra ad 25 cm. longa et 3,5 cm. lata; ligula vix 2 mm. longa obtusa ciliolata. Spica an- guste ellipsoidea cum floribus 7 cm. longa pleiantha, pedunculo sub- aequilongo squamis brevibus velato subtomentoso suffulta; bracteae exteriores oblongae apiculatae puberulae apice barbellatae florentes paulo majores. Bracteola biloba puberula vel subtomentosa 3,2 cm. longa. Ovarium sericeum. Calyx 4,5 cm. longus quadrante fissus trilobulatus puberulus. Corollae tubus 3,5 cm., lobi 2 cm. metientes. Labellum basi dilatatum apice integrum 3,5 cm. longum. Anthera subglabra 6 mm. longa; filamentum hoc aequans.
This species is related to A. linguiforme Roxb. but by the much smaller leaves, by the entire anterior part of the lip very distinct from it; n. 685 is probably the same plant but the flowers already faded are not fit for examination.
Jungle near Klong Son. Flowers red. The rhizome has an aromatic smell.
Elettariopsis Bak. 5. E, Sechmidtii K. Sch. n. sp.
Caules ad 80cm. alti e rhizomate longe lateque repente. Folia ad 1,5 cm. longe petiolata lanceolata vel lineari-oblanceolata attenuato- acuminata et caudata basi longe angustata supra ad medianum tan- tum minute puberula subtus tomentosa mollia ad 25 cm. longa et 4,5 cm. lata; ligula vix 2 mm. longa rotundata subvillosa. Spica e rhizomate quadriflora pedunculo 1 cm. vix attingente glabro suf- fulta; bracteae exteriores oblongae acutae minute puberulae ad 3 cm.
168 270
longae, florentes breviores ; bracteolae turbinatae oblique fissae i cm. longae. Ovarium sericeum. Calycis tubus 4,2cm. longus, lobi 1 cm. longi lanceolati. Corollae tubus 5,2 cm., lobi lanceolati 1,8 cm. longi. Anthera 3 mm. longa glabra connectivi appendicula triloba aequi- longa superata. Labellum 3 cm. longum apice obovatum crispatum emarginatum antice bicallosum.
This species can only be compared with FE. Kandariensis K. Sch. which I formerly put with the other species of the genus Elettariopsis in the genus Amomum, Sect. Mastigamomum (Amomum Kandariense K. Sch. in Engl. Jahrb. XXVII, 323). It is conspicuously different from the latter by the much smaller leaves and the longer tomentum on the underside of the leaves.
Jungle near Klong Sarlakpet. Flowers white, labellum with an yellow spot.
Cannaceae. Canna L. 6. ©. Warszewiczii Dietr. in Allgem. Gartenzeit. XIX (1851), 289.
Klong Sarlakpet, on vaste ground near the village.
Area: It has been introduced to Europe by the renowned Warszewicz from Central-America and is now very often cultivated in the warmer parts of the globe.
Note. Another plant of the same genus is not complete enough to be clearly defined.
Marantaceae.
Clinogyne Salisb. In Transact. Hort. Soc. 1, 276. 7. €. grandis (Mig.) Benth. in Benth. et Hook. fil, Gen. pl. III, 651. Maranta grandis Mig. FI). ind.-bat. Suppl. 616. Klong Son, in dense jungle. Area: It has a very large area from Java to New Guinea and still farther to the Polynesia Archipelago; I did not see it before from Siam or Indo-China.
I have not cited Baker in the Flora of British India because I think, that the plant from Malacca cited there is an other species.
Phrynium Willd. 8. P. capitatum Willd. Spec. pl.1, 17; Baker in Hook. fil. Fl. Brit. Ind. VII (1898), 258. Klong Sarlakpet, in dense jungle. Flowers white, fruit pink. Area: Largely distributed from the Eastern Himalaya to Southern China and the Philippines over the Malayan Peninsula to Sumatra and Java.
9. P. minus K. Schum. n. sp. Acaulis rhizomate repente tuberculoso vaginis flavicantibus 5 mm.
271 169
longis munitus. Vaginae basales aphyllae 3, folia bina ad 6 cm. longe petiolata, petioli pars summa 5 mm. longa callosa teres supra sub- tomentosa, lanceolata acuta vel subacuminata basi acuta utrinque glabra supra sicc. obscure subtus pallidius viridia ad 12 cm. longa et 3 cm. lata; vagina glabra haud ampla, ligula subnulla. Race- mus terminalis vix 5mm. longe pedunculatus; bracteae 3 lanceolatae acutae ad 2,5 cm. longae glabrae. Paria florum subsessilium soli- taria rudimento alterius inferiore prophyllo adossato donato comitata. Ovarium glabrum submuriculatum 1,5 mm. longum. Sepala lanceo- lata 3 mm. longa. Tubus corollae 1,7 cm. longus, lobi 7 mm. me- tientes. Capsula pallida 8 mm. longa monosperma subcylindrica. Semina pallide castanea 5 mm. longa transverse subsulcata arillo bilobo munita.
The habit of this very peculiar plant goes far from what is generally known in the genus. Nearly all the other species are pretty large plants, this however is a dwarfy herb very similar to the species of Haplochorema from the Zingiberaceae. Indeed one may be uncertain to what family it belongs if not the swollen petiolus leads on the right place. It is a true Phrynium in the common sense of the genus up to date with a three celled ovary and solitary ovules in each cell. Two of the latter however perfectly disappear when the fruit ripens. It is related to P. spicatuim Roxb. but | think it would he better to make a new genus consisting of 4 species of the same region.
Klong Munsé and Klong Sarlakpet, in dense jungle. Flowers pale yellowish.
170 972
Araceae by A. Engler — Berlin.
Pothos L.
1. P. seandens L. Spec. ed. I, 968. forma angustior Engl. Foliorum lamina quam petiolus paullo latiore et breviore.
Eadem forma in Malaccae provincia Perak e collectore cli. Kingii collecta in herbario regio Berolinensi adest. Forma juvencula.
Jungle near Klong Munsé, a climber on trees. Area of the type: India orientalis tropica.
Anadendron Scott. 2. A. angustifolium Engl. n. sp.
Caule tenui; foliis remotis; petiolo quam lamina circ. duplo breviore, ad geniculum longum usque anguste vaginato, lamina oblique et anguste lanceolata subfalcata, nervis lateralibus I. utrinque 4—5 adscendentibus; venis tenuibus reticulatis; pedunculis quam petioli longioribus tenuibus (spatha in speciminibus nostris deficiente) ; spadice stipite triplo breviore suffulto; cupula perigoniali brevi; baccis ovoideis monospermis.
Caulis internodia 2—3 cm. longa. Foliorum petiolus 4,5 —7 cm. longus, lamina 0,8—1,5 dm. longa, ima tertia parte 2,5—3,5 cm. lata, valde inaequilatera. Pedunculi usque 1 dm. longi. Spadix stipite 7mm. longo suffultus. Cupula perigonialis cire. 1 mm. alta. Sta- minum filamenta brevissima, antherae 1mm. longae. Baccae 6 mm. longae, 4 mm. crassae.
Species affinis Anxadendio montano (Blume) Schott differt foliis bre- vius petiolatis, angustioribus, a triente inferiore sursum versus angustatis.
Klong Munsé and Klong Prao in the jungle, a climber on trees.
3. A. montanum (Blume) Schott in Bonpl. V (1857), p. 45; Engl. in D.C. Suites au Prodr. Il, 97.
Jungle near Lem Dan, climbing on trees. Area: Malacca, Java, Sumatra, Borneo, Celebes.
273 171
Raphidophora Hassk.
4. R. peepla (Roxb.) Schott in Bonpl. V (1857), p. 45; Engl. in D.C. Suites au Prodr. II, 249.
Jungle near Lem Dan, a climber on trees. Area: India orientalis, Java.
Seindapsus Schott.
5. §. siamensis Engl. un. sp.
Scandens, ramosus, internodiis quam petioli duplo vel magis brevioribus; cataphyllis lineari-lanceolatis; foliorum inferiorum petiolo ad laminae basin usque, superiorum ad geniculum usque late alato, quam lamina 1'/2.—-3-plo breviore, lamina rigido mem- branacea, anguste lanceolata inaequilatera, basi subacuta, apice acuminata subfalcata, nervis lateralibus numerosis adscendentibus; pedunculo petiolum superante; spatha convoluta oblonga, acuminata ; spadice oblongo, acuto; pistillis obpyramidatis truncatis subhexagonis, stigmate in directione spadicis longitudinali lineari; baccis prisma- ticis; semine majusculo reniformi brunneo.
Ramulorum internodia 2—3 cm. longa. Cetaphylla 4—5 cm. longa, inferne fere 1 cm. lata. Foliorum petiolus 5—7 cm. longus, superiorum geniculum 2—--3mm. longum, lamina 1,3—1,7 dm. longa, 2—3 em. lata, nervis lateralibus inter se circ. 2 mm. distantibus. Pedunculus 7—8 cm. longus. Spatha cum accumine 5 mm. longo 3—3,5 cm. longa. Spadix florifer cire. 3 cm. longus, 1 cm. crassus, fructifer 4 cm. longus, 1,5 cm. crassus. Pistilla vertice fere 3 mm. diametientia. Baccae vertice 5 rnm. diametientes. Semen 5 mm. longum, 4 mm. latum, 2,5 mm. crassum.
A Scindapso hederaceo (Zoll.) Schott, cui haec species magis quam alteri accedit, differt foliis duplo angustioribus, longius petiolatis.
Jungle near Klong Munsé, a climber on trees.
Pseudodracontium N. FE. Brown.
6. P. Harmandii Engl. in Bot. Jahrb. XXV, p. 15. var. Sehmidtii Engl.
Folii segmentis anguste lanceolatis, sursum longius angustatis usque 12dm. longis, 4cm. latis; spatha usque 1,5 dm. longa.
Klong Majum, on rocks in the jungle. Area of type: Cambodia.
Hydrosme Schott. 7. HL. longituberosa Engl. n. sp.
Tubere cylindrico valde elongato, crasso; folii petiolo viridi immaculato, lamina trisecta, segmentis I, bipinnatisectis, segmentis IL et ID lanceolatis acuminatis, infimis quam reliqua multoties bre- vioribus; nervis lateralibus segmentorum a costa fere horizontaliter
172 274
=a
patentibus in nervum collectivum a margine distantem conjunctis ; pedunculo quam spatha 3—4-plo longiore; spatha oblonga, spadicem aequante vel superante, intus basi verrucosa et atropurpurea; spa- dice sessili; inflorescentia feminea quam mascula fertilis duplo bre- viore eique contigua, appendice inflorescentiae masculae contigua conoidea quam ea 1'/2-plo longiore; pistillis (floribus femineis) circ. 4-seriatis; ovario depresso incomplete 3—4-loculari; ovulis in loculis solitariis basi in angulo sessilibus breviter ovoideis; stilo brevi ad- scendente; stigmate 3--4-lobo lobis erectis; floribus masculis 3—4- andris; staminibus subtetragonis claviformibus, thecis rimula verticali aperientibus; appendice basi vestigia distincta florum sterilium eam componentium monstrante, baccis subglobosis 3—4-spermis; semini- bus ovoideis testa brunnea nitida instructis.
Tuber juvenculum napiforme, circ. 5 cm. longum, 2 cm. cras- sum, adultum elongatum 1 dm. et ultra longum, internodiis inter turiones 5—6 cm. longis, i,s—2cm. crassis. Folii petiolus circ. 3 dm. longus, segmenta I usque 1,5 dm. longa, ultima majora usque 1 dm. longa, 4 cm. lata, acumine 1 cm. longo instructa. Pedunculus cire. 3 dm. longus. Spatha usque 1 dm. longa, 4 cm. lata. Spadicis in- florescentia feminea 1,5 em. longa, mascula fertilis 2 cm. longa, 8mm. crassa, appendix 4cm. longa, inferne 1,2 cm. crassa. Ovaria 2mm. diametientia, stilo 1,—2 mm. longo instructa; stigmatis lobis fere 1 mm longis. Flores masculi stipite 1 mm. longa instructi: stamina 1,5 mm. longa et crassa. Baccae 5 mm. diametientes. Semina 4 mm. longa, 3 mm. crassa.
Species valde insignis et ab omnibus tubere longo diversa.
Koh Kahdat, on sandy ground near the Sea.
Homalomena Schott.
8. IL brevispatha Eng). n. sp.
Caudiculi internodiis brevissimis; foliorum petiolo laminae aequi- longo vel ea duplo longiore, lamina membranacea, oblonga basi obtusiuscula, acuminata, acuta, nervis lateralibus utrinque circ. 7 arcuatim adscendentibus; cataphyllis pedunculi dimidium inferius involucrantibus 2—3 gradatim longioribus; pedunculo petioli dimi- dium haud aequante; spatha ovata obtusa; spadice stipiti triplo breviori insidente et spatham superante crasse cylindrico, obtuso; inflorescentia feminea pauciflora; pistillis vix 10 ovario ovoideo, loculis 2-ovulatis stigmate lato peltato; staminodiis raris claviformi- bus; floribus masculis 2—3-andris, staminibus tetragonis compressis.
Caudiculi circ. 4—5 unm. crassi. Foliorum petiolus 1,5—2 dm. longus, lamina !—1,7 dm. longa, 4,5—7,5 cm. lata, acumine 2 cm. longo instructa. Pedunculus 7 cm. longus. Spatha 1,8 cm. longa. lem. lata. Spadix stipite 5mm. longo suffultus, fere 2 cm. longus, inflorescentia mascula 7— mm. crassa.
Species valde insignis pedunculo solitario et spatha brevi obtusa, in- super foliorum lamina oblonga basi obtusiuscula, petiolo longo.
Jungle near Klong Son, alt. 500 ft., terrestrial.
275 173
9. H. truncata (Schott) Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. VI, 535.
Jungle near Klong Munsé, on wet rocks near a waterfall; also a very com- mon terrestrial jungle-herb. Area: Malacea, Borneo.
Aglaonema Schott. 10. A. siamense Engl. n. sp.
Caudiculo alto superne dense foliato; foliorum petiolo laminae subaequilongo subterete, superne antice leviter canaliculato, ultra medium late vaginato, lamina crassiuscula, ovato-oblonga, basi ob- tusa vel leviter cordata, acuminata, costa semiterete et nervis late- ralibus I arcuatim adscendentibus subtus prominentibus, nervis lateralibus I supra insculptis; pedunculis 2—3 petioli circ. 1/3 aequan- tibus; spatha ovata; spadicis stipite inflorescentiae femineae sub- aequilongo, baccis ovoideis leviter compressis.
Caudiculus usque 4 dm. longus inferne 2 cm. crassus. Foliorum superiorum petiolus vagina 8—10cm. longa utrinque 3—5 mm. lata instructus, circ. 1,5 dm. longus, superne 4 mm. erassus, lamina 2— 2,5 dm. longa, 2,6 cm. lata. Spadix stipite 5—7 mm. longo suffultus, inflorescentia feminea 7 mm. longa et crassa, mascula deficiens. Baccae 8 mm. longae, 6 mm. crassae.
Haec species Aglaonemati marantifolio affinis est, at differt follis majoribus, latioribus, basi leviter cordatis.
Jungle near Lem Dan, terrestrial.
11. A. tenuipes Engl. n. sp.
Caudiculo tenui; foliis approximatis; petiolo tenui quam lamina breviore, vix ad tertiam partem usque vaginato, lamina membranacea, oblique lanceolata, inaequilatera, basi subacuta, apice leviter curvato acuminato acuto, nervis lateralibus I utrinqgue 4—5 leviter arcuatis adscendentibus; cataphyllis pedunculum brevem et spatham invol- ventibus; spatha oblonga acuminata, spadicis stipite quam inflores- centia feminea pauciflora longiore; ovariis breviter ovoideis, stigmate crasso discoideo coronatis; inflorescentia mascula cylindrica subobtusa.
Caudiculi internodia cire.5mm. longa. Foliorum petiolus circ. 1 dm. longus, ad 3—4 cm. longitudinis vaginatus, Jamina circ. 1,7 —1,8dm. longa, 5—6 cm. lata. Cataphylla 2—4 cm. longa. Pedun- culus 2,5 cm. longus. Spatha circ. 18 cm. longa, convoluta 8 mm. lata. Spadicis stipes 3 mm. longus, inflorescentia feminea 2 mm., mascula 7mm. longa, 3 mm. crassa.
Species habitu paullum ad Aglaonema simplex accedit sed differt petiolis tenuioribus et longioribus, brevius vaginatis, deinde inflorescentia parva.
Jungle near Lem Dan, terrestrial.
Alocasia Schott.
12. A. indica (Roxb.) Schott in Oest. Bot. Wochenbl]. 1854, p. 410; Engl. in D.C. Suites au Prodr. II, 501.
174 276
Jungle near Klong Munsé, Koh Kahdat. Area: India orientalis, Java.
13. A. fornicata (Roxb.) Schott in Oest. Bot. Wochenbl. 1854, p. 410; Engl. in D.C. Suites au Prodr. II, 505.
Lem Ngob. Area: India orientalis: Bengalia, Assam, Chittagong.
14. A. longiloba Mig. FI. Ind. batav. III, 207 et Bot. Zeit. 1856, p. 564; Engl. in D. C. Suites au Prodr. II, 506.
Jungle near Lem Dan, terrestrial. Area: Malacca, Java, Borneo.
Pistia L.
15 P. Stratiotes L. ')
Klong Wen, Menam, common. Area: Tropics of both hemispheres.
‘) Named by Johs. Schmidt.
277 175
Hepaticae by F. Stephani — Leipzig.
Metzgerioideae. Aneura Dum. 1. A. multifidioides (Schffn.) St. Spec. Hep. I, p. 215.
Jungle near Klong Munsé and Klong Sarlakpet, on wet rocks in riverbeds. Area: Java.
Hymenophytum Mitt. 2. H. malaccense St. Hedwig. 1875, p. 46.
Klong Munsé and Klong Son, on wet rocks in the jungle. Area: Singapore, Nova Caledonia.
Epigoniantheae.
Plagiochila Dum.
3. P. singwaris Schffu. Acad. Vindob. 1900, vol. 70, p. 187.
Jungle near Klong Majum, on stems. Area: Java.
Trigonantheae.
Mastigobryum Nees. 4. M. ceylanicum Mitt. Proc. Linn, Soc. V, p. 105.
Klong Munsé and Klong Majum, on dry rocks in the jungle. Area: Ceylon, Nepal, Sikkim, Java, Amboina, Japan, Viti, Samoa.
5. M. inaequitextum St. Hedwig. 1893, p. 208.
Klong Munsé, on rocks in the jungle. Area: Nova Guinea.
1) A considerable number of the collected specimens were sterile (species of Frullania, Jungermannia, Lejeunea, Notoscyphus, Pallavicinius, Drepano- lejeunea) and therefore it was impossible to name them to species.
176 978
6. M. oblongum Mitt. Proc. Linn. Soc. V, p. 106.
Klong Munsé and Klong Son, on rocks in the jungle. Area: Ceylon, Sikkim, Hongkong.
Jubuloideae.
Acrolejeunea Spruce.
7. A. aulacophora (Mont.) St. Hedwig. 1890, p. 133.
Koh Kahdat, epiphytic on trees near the Sea. Area: Borneo, Nicobarae, Andaman, India orientalis.
Archilejeunea Spruce.
x. A. caramuensis St. Hedwig. 1895, p. 59.
Lem Dan, epiphytic on trees. Area: Luzon.
Caudalejeunea Steph.
9. (. Stephanii Spruce, ms.
Jungle. near Klong Son, on leaves. Area: Nova Guinea, Andaman, Luzon, Tonkin.
Ceratolejeunea Spruce.
10. G. emarginatula Steph. n. sp.
Dioica, mediocris, brunnea, gracilis, dense depresso-caespitosa. Caulis ad 3 cm. longus, vage ramosus. Folia caulina imbricata, oblique a caule patentia, valde concava apiceque decurva, in plano: falcato-ovata vel falcato-elliptica, apice rotundata, brevissime mu- cronata, integerrima, dorso caulem parum superantia. Cellulae foliorum apicales 124, medio 20, basi 27><32 w, trigonis subnullis. Lobulus folii majusculus, folio 3-plo brevior, ovato-oblongus, apice oblique truncatus, angulo acuto; carina leniter arcuata, levi sinu in folii marginem excurrens. Amphigastria foliis aequimagna, im- bricata, reniformia, caule multoties latiora, exciso-inserta, margine infero late truncata, supero late rotundata apiceque breviter emar- ginatula, lobis obtusatis. Flores fem. steriles axillares. Folia floralia caulinis multo majora, ovata acuta, sub apice denticulata, lobulo magno acuto integerrimo, plus minus longe soluto, basi longe attenuato. Amph.florale maximum, totam inflorescentiam tegens, in pano subrotundum, ad medium fere acute incisum, lobis late triangulatis breviter cuspidatis. Reliqua desunt.
Amphigastriis bidentulis facile cognoscenda. Klong Majum, on dry rocks in the jungle.
Cololejeunea Spruce. Ll. €. Schmidtii St. no. sp.
279 177
Sterilis, minor, in foliis vivis arcte repens. Caulis multiramosus, ramis late divergentibus. Folia parva, contigua nusquam imbricata nisi in apice ramorum, oblique — interdum subrecte patula, plana, optime ovata, dorso ampliata caulemque superantia, ibidem conico- denticulata, ceterum margine integerrima, apice obtusa. Cellulae foliorum 9p, basales 18>27 », parietibus validis,.antice papillis glo- bosis asperae. Lobulus folii majusculus, folio suo triplo brevior, ambitu obovato-triangulatus i. e. ex angusta basi valde ampliatus, apice truncatus ibidemque spina mediana magna valida et stricta armatus; carina curvata, in folii marginem sine ullo sinu excurrens, papillis altis grosse obtuseque dentata. Stylo nullo.
Jungle near Klong Munsé and Nipple (alt. 2000 ft.), on leaves of herbs and small shrubs,
12, (. siamensis St. n. sp.
Sterilis, minor, subhyalina, in foliis vivis arcte repens. Caulis ad 10 mm. longus, validus, simplex vel pauciramosus, ramis late divergentibus. Folia imbricata, pro planta magna, subcircularia, plano et recte patula, dorso usque ad basin soluta, dein brevissime inserta, integerrima, cellulis digitiformibus limbata, limbo in apice folii latissimo versus basin folii sensim decrescente sub basi desi- nente, cellulis hyalinis papuloso-prominulis formato. Reliquae folii cellulae hexagonae, alte minuteque sexpapillatae, subapicales 8 p, medianae 8 x 12; basi adsunt ocella oleifera 4, aggregata (1836 »). Lobulus parvus, valde rudimentarius (semper ?) plicae- formis, angulo grosse spinoso; stylo nullo.
Jungle near Klong Munsé, on leaves.
Lopholejeunea Spruce.
13. L. sundaica Steph. Hedwig. 1896, p. 112.
Jungle near Lem Dan, on trees. Area: Java, Philippinae Insulae.
Mastigolejeunea Spruce. 14, M. humilis (G.) Steph. Hedwigia 1890, p. 139.
Jungle near Klong Munsé, on trees. Area: Common in the Sunda Islands.
Pycnolejeunea Spruce.
15. P. grandiocellata St. n. sp.
Sterilis, mediocris, pauca frustula in folio vivo repens. Caulis ad 15 mm. longus, simplex, validus. Folia conferta, recte patula, subplana, ambitu late ligulata, apice truncato-rotundata, dorso cauli incumbentia similiter truncata. Cellulae optime hexagonae, apice 154, medio 18p, basales 18x 36y, trigonis parvis. Ocella magna (27 x 45 ») 6—8 aggregata, medio folii inserta, lobulo tamen ap-
12
178 280
proximata. Lobulus a caule recte palulus, magnus, oblongus, apice angustatus, ore oblique truncato angulo dentiformi; carina stricta apice abrupte arcuata, sinu parvo profundo in folii marginem ex- currens, Amphig. contigua, transverse inserta, caule duplo latiora, medio infero optime obcuneata, medio supero abrupte angustata, utroque latere dein angulata, angulis obtusis vel in dentem solutis, apice ad medium biloba, sinu recto acuto, lobis acutis.
Jungle near Klong Munsé, on trees.
Thysanolejeunea Spruce. 16. T. spathulistipa (Ldbg.) Spruce Ed. Bot. Soc. 1884, p. 106.
Lem Dan, on trees near the Sea. Area: Common in all the islands of the Sunda Archipelago; Viti, Mada- gascar, Kamerun.
Leptolejeunea Spruce. 17. L. Balansae St. Hedwig. 1896, p. 105.
Jungle near Klong Munsé and Klong Son, on leaves. Area: Tonkin, Andaman.
CONTENT OF PRECEDING PARTS.
Part I. ~~ ry Jous. Scumpt: Introductory. F. KRANZLIN: Orchidaceae, Apostasiaceae. Part fi. ‘ M. Fosiiz: Corallinaceae.
Part Ill. — C, B. CLarKE: Cyperaceae. E. HackeL: Gramineae.
H. Curist: Pteridophyta (Selaginella auct. G. Hieronymus). | 'V. F. Broruerus: Bryales.
Part IV. ; W. West and G.S.West: Fresh Water -Chlorophyceae. Tu. REINBoLD: Marine Algae (Chlorophyceae, Phaeophyceae, Dictyo- tales, Rhodophyceaé). M. Gomont: Myxophyceae hormogoneae. Jous. Scumipt: Peridiniales.
PRELIMINARY REPORT ON THE BOTANICAL RESULTS. OF THE DANISH EXPEDITION TO SIAM (1899— 1900).
Flora of Koh Chang.
Contributions to the knowledge of the vegetation in the Gulf of Siam.
By
Johs. Schmidt.
Part VI.
K. Schumann: Rubiaceae.
C. B. Clarke: Lythraceae, Melastomaceae, Scophularlaceae, Acanthaceae, OQ. Warburg: Urticaceae.
EB. Rostrup and G. Massee: Fungi.
Reprinted from Botanisk Tidsskrift Vol. 24. Juiie 1902. .
Copenhagen. Printed by Bianco Luno. 1902,
Flora of Koh Chang.
Contributions to the knowledge of the vegetation in the Gulf of Siam.
By Johs. Schmidt.
Part VI.
(K. Schumann: Rubiaceae. — C.B. Clarke: Lythraceae, Melastomaceae, Scrophu- lariaceae, Acanthaceae. — 0. Warburg: Urticaceae. — E. Rostrup and G. Massee: Fungi.)
Rubiaceae
by K. Schumann — Berlin‘).
Dentella Forst.
1. D. repens Forst. Char. gen. 20, t. 18. Hook. fil. Fl. Brit. Ind. Ill, 42.
Lippaya telephioides Endl. Atakta t. 13.
Klong Sarlakpet, in open moist ground near the village (n. 731).
Area: This small dwarfy prostrate plant is a very common weed in moist places from India to Polynesia and Australia.
Oldenlandia Linn.
2. 0. (Euoldenlandia) diffusa Roxb. Hort. beng. 11; Hook. fil. Fl. Brit. Ind. III, 65. Klong Sarlakpet, in open moist ground near a village (n. 730).
Area: It is also very common in the East Indies and goes through the tropical Asia as far as to the Philippines and is also recorded from Japan.
3. 0. (Euoldenlandia) pinifolia Wall. in Don, Gen. Syst. III, 525; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. Ill, 60.
1) A smaller number of specimens have been named by Mr. CG. B. Clarke
of Kew. 19*
180 330
Klong Prao, on rocks in the jungle; Koh Kong on sandy ground near the Sea.
Area: It grows in Behar and Choto-Nagpore and on the Malayan Penin- sula; in the Greater Sunda-Island it has yet been found.
4, 0. (Dimetra) mollis Wall. in Don, Gen. Syst. Ill, 527; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. III, 59. Open, dry plains near Lem Dan (n. 30).
Till now it has not been found but in the Southern part of the Malayan Peninsula, on the island of Penang.
5. 0. (Zuhedyotis) costata (Roxb.) K. Schum.
Spermacoce costata Roxb. Hort. beng. 10. — H. vestita Wall. in Don, Gen. Syst. I, 526; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. III, 58. Riverbank in the jungle near Klong Munsé; a shrub (n. 412).
According to the rules of priority of specific names now accepted by the greater part of living botanists, excepted the English, it is not to be avoided to change the name. It is distributed from the subtropical Eastern Himalaya and the Khasia Mountains in the Malayan Peninsula, the Malayan Archipelago and the Philippines.
6. 0. (Euhedyotis) lineata Roxb. Hort. beng. 10; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. Wl, 59. Jungle near Klong Munsé; Klong Son in a pool (n.119, 654a).
Area: The geographic area is not so far extended as in the last species; from Eastern Bengal it has been found till now only as far as to Chittagong and Tenasserim.
Note. There is collected (sub n. 742) another plant which probably belongs to the same genus, but it is too imperfect for determination.
7. Argostemma Wall.
1 found in the collection a very dwarfy plant (n. 502) of the habit of this genus with a whorl of 4 unequal leaves on a 1,5 cm. high stem. The flowers are unfortunately very young, and it is therefore impossible to match it.
Ophiorrhiza Linn. 8. O.mungos L. Spec. pl. ed. I, 150. Klong Son, on moist ground in the jungle (n. 631 partim). Area: The plant is common in the eastern parts of tropical Asia and
goes from the Khasia Mountains to New Guinea.
9. 0. Marrisiana Heyne in Wall. and Arn. Prodr. 405; Hook. f. Fi. Brit. Ind. ll, 78.
Klong Majum, alt. 700 ft., on rocks in the un le (n. 606).
33l 181
Area: A very common and variable plant with numerous varieties which in a later time shall probably partly at least prove as well defined species. It grows in forests on mountains from the Concan to Ceylon and from the Khasia Mountains to Tenasserim; I found it also among the collections from German New Guinea.
10. 0. brachycarpa K. Sch. n. sp.
Caules adscendentes ad 25 cm. alti teretes apice subtomenti basi glabrati simplices vel parce ramosi ad 25 cm. longi. Folia ad 8 mm. longe petiolata lanceolata apice acuta vel hoc loco basique acuminata tenuiter herbacea utrinque glabra margine solo scabrido- pilosula ad 9,5--8 cm. longa, 0,8—1,8 cm. lata sicc. obscure viridia; stipulae e basi late triangulari breviter subulatae vix 2 mm. longae ferrugineo-subtomentosae. Cyma pedunculo gracili 1,2—3,5 cm. longo sustenta bis trichotoma; cincinni c. 1 cm. longi; bracteae vix conspicuae; flores ad 3 mm. longe pedicellati, pedicelli ut rhachis inflorescentiae et ovarium papillosi; sepala triangularia brevissima; corollae lobi duplo tubum superantes; stamina prope basin affixa prope tubum villosa; capsula transverse lineari-oblonga rubra 1— 1,5 mm. alta et 5 mm. lata.
It is distinguished from all other known species of the region by the very short capsula. :
Klong Son on moist ground in the jungle. Herb with white flowers (n. 631 partim).
Coptosapelta Korthals.
11. CG. flavescens Korth. in Ned. Kruidk. Arch. II, 113; Hook. f. FI. Brit. Ind. JI, 35 (partly determined by C.B. Clarke). Plains near Lem Dan, open jungle near Klong Munsé (n. 222).
Area: This very interesting species has been found on the Malayan Pen- insula from Tenasserim to Singapore as well as on the Greater Sunda Islands.
Nauclea Linn.
12. N. purpurea Roxb. Corom. pl. I, 41, t. 54; Hook. fil. Fl. Brit. Ind. II, 26. Riverbank in the jungle near Klong Son, a moderate sized tree (n. 680).
Area: This species has only been found till now on the Western Penin- sula; the specimens froin Siam are not in the least different from the type.
13. N. synkorynes Korthals (det. C. B. Clarke) in Temminck Verh. Naturl. Geschied. [Leiden 1839—1842] p. 158; Mig. FI. Ind. Bat. v. 2, p. 137; Haviland in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 33 [1897—-98] p. 60.
Klong Son.
Area: In Sumatra, Borneo, Celebes, Cochinchina.
Tarenna Giartn.
14, T.asiatiea O. Ktze. Rev. gen. 258.
Rondeletia asiatica Linn. Spec. pl. ed. 1, 172. Webera corymbosa Willd. Spec. pl. I, 1224; Hook. f. FI. Brit. Ind. Il, 102; Chomelia co- rymbosa (W.) K. Sch. Nat. Pflz. IV, 4, p. 75.
Koh Chang Noi, on rocks in the jungle (n. 698).
Area: This species seems to be a very common plant not only in the Western Peninsula of the East Indies but also in the Malayan Archipelago, It is known under many names. After the rules of priority approved in Germany the above accepted name must be preferred. The name of Chomelia Linn. must fall against Tarenna because Linné himself had annihilated it, because he had not recorded a species of the genus and it has never been employed after him. The genus Tarenna Gaertn. whose type is the above named plant must he put on the head.
Randia Linn. 15. R. (Gynopachys) oppesitiflora (Roxb.) K. Sch. Webera oppositifiora Roxb. Fl. Ind. I. 698. — R. densiflora Benth. F]. Hongk. 155; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. II], 112. — Webera densiflora Wall. in Roxb. Fl. Ind. ed. [, vol. II, 536.
Common on riverbanks in the jungle all over Koh Chang. A moderate sized tree (n. 397, 422, 594, 529, 591a, 737).
This species has also been mistaken several times and very often taken as a new species and therefore described under many names. The full syno- nymy compare in the Fl. Brit. India. The oldest name is Webera oppositiflora Roxb. and therefore the above accepted name is to be preferred. It is a com- mon plant from East India to North Australia and China.
16. R. (Zurandia) fasciculata (Roxb.) P. DC. Prodr. IV, 386; Hook. {. Fl. Brit. Ind. IH, 109. — Posogueria fasciculata Roxb. Fl. ind. I, 570.
Klung, in dry places (n. 372).
The spiny shrub in widely diffused from the tropical Himalaya to Te-
nasserim and not uncommon. The flowers are not collected so that I am not quite sure, that the plant is exactly named.
17. R. (Eurandia) armigera K. Sch. n. sp.
Rami graciles teretes flagellati apice subtomentosi mox glabrati, spinis curvatis vix 1 cm. longis armati. Folia ad 5 mm, longe petiolata, petiolus puberulus, lanceolata vel oblongo-lanceolatae bre- viter et obtuse acuminata et apiculata supra glabra nervis majori- bus puberula ad 5,5 cm. longa et 2 cm. lata; stipulae subulatae ad 4 mm. longae puberulae. Flores ramos abbreviatos terminantes geminati brevissime pedicellati. Ovarium turbinatum sericeo-villosum. Calyx 7 mm. longus ultra medium in lobos subulatos divisus villosus. Corollae tubus calycem superans, lobi oblique lanceolati unilatera- liter ciliolati.
333 183
This species is related to R. fasciculata but is conspicuously diffe- rent by the highly split and clothed calyx.
Klong Majum, on riverbank near the Sea. A spiny shrub (n. 616).
18. R. (Oxyceros) longiflora Lam. Dist. I], 26. Tliustr. genres I, 156, fig.3; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. Ill, 111.
Jungle near Klong Son. A spiny shrub with pale yellow, aromatic flowers (n. 652).
Area: Also this species has been described many times and has been put in the most -different genera (Posoqueria, Canthium, Webera, Tocoyena, Gardenia, Pseudixora, Stylocoryne). It grows from Assam and the Khasia Mountains to Burma and the Malayan Islands.
19. R.(Gardenioides) eucodon K. Sch. n. sp.
Rami modice validi tetragoni ad nodos dilatati glabri. Folia breviter (ad 8 mm. longe) petiolata oblonga vel oblongo-lanceolata breviter et obtuse acuminata utrinque glabra coriacea. Stipulae triangulares acutae 2 mm. longae intus secernentes. Cyma termi- nalis dein usurpatione rami ex axilla folii alterius spurie lateralis breviter (vix ultra 1 cm. longe) pedunculata pluriflora crispule pu- berula mox glabrata; bracteae ovatae acutae 2 mm. longae. Flores ad 1 cm. longe pedicellati erecti. Ovarium pisiforme appresse pu- berulum. Calyx 4mm. longus obiter quinquedentatus intus sériceus. Corollae coriaceae tubus basalis ad 8 mm. longus, superior. campa- nulatus 4,0.—4,5 cm. longus, lobi late triangulares obtusi 10 mm. metientes. Stamina linearia 1,5 cm. longa. Stilus bifidus 3,7—4,0 metiens.
This very distinct species comes near to R. exaltata Griff. but has quite glabrous foliage and a flower with a much shorter groundtube of the corolla.
North-end of Koh Chang in the jungle (n. 717).
A tall tree with bare stem and a dense crown quite covered by white flowers (in March). Corollae white, with violet dots on their inside.
Gardenia Linn. 20. G. tubifera Wall. in Roxb. FI. ind. ed. Carey et Wallich II, 562; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. Il, 117.
Jungle near Klong Munsé, a tree (n. 512). Area: From the Malayan Peninsula (in its southern part) to Sumatra, Java and Borneo.
Petunga P. DC.
91. P.racemosa (Roxb.) K. Sch. in Nat. Pfizf. IV, 4, 80, Fig. 29 A. Randia racemosa Roxb. Hort. heng. 15; Fl. ind. I, 525. — Hypo- bathrum racemosum J. Kurz, For. Fl. Brit. Burma II, 51. — Petunga
184 334
Roxburghii P.DC. Prodr. IV, 399. — P. variabilis Hassk. in Flora 1845, p. 232. Jungle near Kong Munsé, a small tree (n. 490).
Area: From East Bengal it is widely diffused in the Eastern Peninsula of the East Indies to Java and Borneo; it grows in swampy forests. The syno- nymy is very complicated cf. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1. ¢.
Scyphiphora Gaertn. 22. S.hydrophyllacea Gaertn. Fr. WI, 91, t. 196; Hook. f. FI. Brit. Ind. Ill, 125. — Epithinia malayana Jack in Mal. misc. I, 12. Lem Ngoh, Koh Kong, on muddy, sandy or rocky ground near the Sea (n, 598). Area: In mangrove swamps on the western coast of the Western Penin-
sula of the East Indies and Ceylon to the Malayan Archipelago, North Austra- lia, New Caledonia and the Philippines, sometimes very copiously.
Diplospora DC. (det. C. B. Clarke). 23. D. pubescens Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 3 [1882], p. 124.
Jungle near Klong Son; Koh Chang Noi; a shrub with greenish flowers. Area: Malay Peninsula.
24. D. Malaccensis Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 3 [1882], p. 124. Jungle near Lem Dan; a shrub. Area: Malacca.
The Examples, Schmidt n.412, match the Malacca plant very well; but they are in extremely young flower, so that the identification is insecure.
Mussaenda, Linn. 25. M. lanceolata K. Sch. n. sp.
Frutex alte scandens. Rami graciles teretes ferrugineo-subto- mentosj] tarde glabrati ad 55 cm. longi et vix 2,5 mm. diametro. Folia vix 2 mm. longe petiolata, lanceolata attenuato-acuminata et subrostrata basi acuta utrinque tomentosa sericeo-micantia subtus canescentia ad 12 cm. longa et 3 cm. lata vel jam angustiora; stipulae geminatae subulatae 5 mm. longae caducae. Flores apice ramorum capitato-condensati; capitulum vix 5 mm. longe peduncu- latum; bracteae subulatae. Ovarium tomentosum. Sepala subulata 4 mm. longa puberula. Corolla 3 cm. longa extus subtomentosa, lobi vix 5 mm. longi ovati breviter acuminati flavi.
From the described species it differs by the very narrow leaves and beautifully clothed flowers.
Jungle near Klong Munsé. A tall liane with white bracts and yellow flowers (n. 521).
Urophyllum Wall. 26. U. Schmidtii C. B. Clarke nz. sp.
335 185
Undique sparsim minute pilosula, foliis oblongo-ellipticis, 16 cm. longis, 55 mm. latis, basi acutis apice acuminatis subcaudatis, nervis utrinque c. 10, petiolo 6 mm. longo; stipulis 8—10 mm. longis, a basi ovata lineari-lanceolatis dense adpresse villosis; pedunculis axillaribus, 4—6 mm. longis, 3—8-floris; bracteis 4 mm. longis cum stipulis consimilibus, pedicellis 2—5 mm. longis; calyce 3—4 mm. longo, parce scabro-pilosulo, lobis 4—5 depresso-triangularibus; corolla fere glabra.
U. Blumeanum, Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v.3, p.99 (i.e. Axanthes Blu- meana, Wight in Cale. Journ. Nat. Hist. v. 7 [1847], p. 145) paullo differt ramulis minus ligneis, foliis minoribus, nervis minus numerosis.
Jungle near Klong Son, alt 1000 ft.; a shrub with white flowers (n. 664).
Plectronia Lam.
27. P.didyma (Roxb.) Kurz For. Fl. Brit. Burma Il, 35. —
Canthium didymwm Roxb. Fl. ind. I, 5385; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. Ill, 182. Vanguiera spirostylis et V.lucidula Mig. Fl. Ind. Cat. II, 250 et Suppl. 544, (Partly determined by C. B. Clarke).
Klong Prao, on rocks in the jungle; Klong Munsé; a shrub or a small ire.
Area: It is the most common species of the genus in East Asia. On the Western Peninsula it is found from the Concan southward, on the island of Ceylon it is very common; on the Malayan Peninsula it is widely distributed and is also found in the Malayan Archipelago and South China.
28. P. siamensis K. Sch. n. sp.
Rami graciles stricti teretes superne complanati novelli ipsi glabri. Folia ad 1 cm. longe petiolata oblonga breviter acumi- nata basi acuta utrinque glabra coriacea subtus in axillis nervorum maximorum domatiato-perforata ad 10 cm. longa et 5 cm. lata; stipulae 3 mm. longae ovato-triangulares caducae. Cymae axillares ad 3 cm. longae vix 5 mm. longe pedunculatae vulgo dichotomae, rami cinisimes ad 12 flores referentes, glabrae. Flores pentameri 3 mm. longe pedicellati. Ovarium turbinatum glabrum. Calyx breviter dentatus. Corolla 3 em. longa alte divisa infra lobos con- tracta. Drupa globosa 1,8 cm. diametro canunc.
The species is distinguished from all known to me by the poorly branched cymes.
Jungle near Lem Dan. A small tree (n. 622).
29, P. glabra Kurz Forest Fl. Burma v. 2, p. 35, in Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng. v. 46, pars 2 [1877], p.153 (det. C. B. Clarke).
Canthium glabrum Blume Bijdr. [1826], p. 967; DC. Prodr. v. 4, p. 474; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. v. 2, p. 254, in Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. v. 4, p. 251; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 3, p. 133.
186 336
The example Johs. Schmidt n. 463, having very young flowers, has been matched, not determined.
Klong Munsé, on rocks in the jungle; a tree (n. 463). Area: Burma, Malay Peninsula, Java.
30. P. Schmidtii C.B. Clarke n.sp. [sub Canthio].
Internodiis 6 cm. longis compressis; stipulis 9 mm. longis, 3—2 mm. latis, oblongis, glabris, vix acutis; petiolis 5 mm. longis; foliis 12 cm. longis, 4 cm. latis, oblongo-ellipticis, apice basique acumi- natis, glabris, nervis utrinque 10—11; cymis oppositis, 12 mm. in diam., compositis, paucifloris; calycis lobis 4, minutis, paulo pu- bescentibus; baccis 5—6 mm. in diam. (saltem saepe) 1—spermis.
Species multis aliis affinis, ob stipulas in parte superiore oblongas 2 mm. latas, nullo alio omnino similis. Haviland, n. 929 in Borneo lecta (sp. indescripta) ab inflorescentia copiose multiflora differt.
Koh Chang Noi in the jungle; a shrub with white fruit (n. 698)b).
Guettarda Linn.
31. G. speciosa Linn. Spec. pl. ed. I. 991; Hook. f. Fi. Brit. Ind. IH, 126. — Nyctanthes hirsuta Linn. Spec. pl. ed. 1, 6. — Jasminum hir- sutum Willd. Spec. pl. I, 36.
Koh Lom, on rocks near the Sea (n.715); Rayong, on sandy sea-shore.
Area: It is widely distributed from the East coast of Africa over the East Indies, the Malayan Archipelago to New Guinea and Polynesia. The most natives -are very fond of the very lovely smelling flowers,
Stylocoryne Wight et Arn.
32. §. Wallichii (Hook. f.) K. Sch. Nat. Pflzfam. IV, 4, 108. — Webera Wallichii Hook. f. in Fl. Brit. Ind. II, 105. Jungle near Lem Dan. A small tree (n. 800).
Area: Till now it has only been found in Malacca and the islands of Penang and Borneo.
Ixora Linn.
33. I. strieta Roxb. Hort. beng. 10; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. HI, 145. Klong Munsé and Klong Son, in the jungle (n. 601 hb, 621a, 801, 826).
Var. Blumeana Hook. fil., 1. c. Klong Majum, on riverbank in the jungle (n. 96).
Area: Probably this species is a native of the Moluccas and China; it is now cultivated in various parts of East Asia; S. Kurtz regards it as indigenous in Lower Birma and Tenasserim.
34. [.amoena Wall. Cat. n. 6121 D. F. F., in G. Don, Gen. Syst. Ill, 571; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. I, 146.
337 187
Open ground near Lem Dan, a shrub (n. 25), Area: It grows at Mergui, Tenasserim and on the island of Penang.
30. I. coceinea Linn. Spec. pl. ed.I, p. 110; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. HI, 145. Open ground near Lem Dan.
It is indigenous not only in the Concan on the Western Peninsula of the East Indies n.25a and very common in Ceylon, but lives also copiously in the district of Cittagong; it is very often cultivated.
36. I. dolichophylla K. Sch. n. sp.
Rami graciles novelli ipsi glabris. Folia ad 1 cm. longe peti- olata ampla lanceolata attenuato-acuminata basi angustata char- tacea utrinque glabra nervis majoribus c. 11 utraque mediani parte percursa ad 26 cm. longa et 6 cm. lata stipulae e basi lata subu- latae 7 mm. longae intus villosae. Pannicula corymbosa sessilis pari solitario ramorum aucta modice congesta 4 cm. diametro glabra; bracteae bracteolaeque filiformes, inflorescentiae rami ramu- lique et ovarium globosum papillosae. Calyx quadri-lobatus, lobuli ovati obtusi. Corolla vix 2 em. longa, lobi lineari-lanceolati 5 mm. longi. Stilus 6 mm. longus tubum corollae superans clavatus. Fructus didymus glaber 6 mm. longus.
This species is allied to J. fulgens from which it differs by the form of the foliage and the shorter corolla. -
Jungle near Klong Munsé, a shrub (n. 813).
37. I. nigricans Wight et Arn. (det. C. B. Clarke).
Prodr. [1834], p. 428; Wight Ic. t.318; Moritzi Verz. Zoll. Pfl. p. 65; Kurz For. Fl. v. 2, p. 23; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind., v. 3, p. 148.
I. laxiflora Hassk. in Flora v. 28 [1845], p. 227 syn. excl.
Pavetta nigricans Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat., v. 2, p. 272, Suppl. p. 222, in Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. v. 4, p. 196. ;
P. acutiflora Korth. in Ned. Kruidk. Arch. ser. 1, v. 2, pars 2 [1850], p. 262.
P, subulata Teysm. et Binn. in Natuurk. Tijdsch. Ned. Ind. v. 3 [1855] p. 403.
The Koh Ghang example agrees closely with the Java examples
which have the calyx-segments 2 mm. long, linear acute: peduncle 4 cm. long; petioles 10—15 mm. long.
Klong Son in the jungle; a shrub (a. 825). Area: Throughout India, Malaya.
Coffea Linn. 38. ©. fragrans Wall. Cat. n. 8450 in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Nl, 154.
188 338
Klong Majum, on riverbank near the Sea; a shrub with white flowers (n. 589, 619 a).
Area: It is known from the district of Silhet and Tenasserim.
39. €. (Lachnostoma) Schmidtii K. Sch. n. sp.
Rami florentes graciles teretes apice quadrangulares glaberrimi. Folia ad 5 mm. longe petiolata lanceolata vel oblongo - lanceolata breviter et obtuse acuminata basi acuta utrinque glabra subcoriacea nervis 3—4 tantum utraque mediani parte percursa ad 10 em. longa et 3 cm. lata; stipulae subulatae vix 3 mm. longae caducae. Flo- rum parvorum fasciculi brevissime pedunculati. Ovarium glabrum. Calyx obiter dentatus 0,5 mm. longus. Corollae tubus 2 mm. longus, lobi aequilongi oblongi, unilateraliter emarginati fauce albo-villosus. Antherae sessiles 2 mm. longae. Stili 2,5 mm. longi rami acuti longiusculi.
This species stands nearest to C. Jenkinsii Hook. fil. but it differs by still fewer and stronger nerves. The flowers are much smaller.
Klong Son, riverbank in the jungle. A shrub with pale yellow flowers (n. 690 a).
Psychotria Linn.
40. P.sarmentosa B). Bijdr. 904; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. III, 165.
Klong’ Munsé, Koh Chang Noi, climbing on trees in the jungle. Fruit white (n. 835, 697).
Area: It is distributed from Canara and Ceylon, where it adscends to 1300 m., to the Malayan Peninsula and Archipelago.
41, P.fulva Hamilt. in Wall. Cat. n. 8336 (B. excl.) in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. Il, 169.
Klong Munsé, Klong Son in the jungle; a shrub with pink fruit (n. 123, 625 a, $24).
Area: It grows in Assam and the Khasia Mts. to 1300 m. and goes to Pegu.
42, P.serpens Linn. Mant. II. 204.
Nipple, alt. 2000 ft., in open jungle. A shrub with white flowers (n. 667). Area: It is only known from China.
43. P.Jackii Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. Ul, 167.
Mouth of Klong Majum; jungle near Klong Son (alt. 1000 fi). A shrub with greenish flowers (n. 538, 664a).
Area: It is only known till now from the Malayan Peninsula. Chasalia Commers.
44. (, eurviflora (Wall.) Thwaites, Enum. 150, 421; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. III, 176. .
339 189
Klong Munsé, Klong Prao, Klong Sarlakpet in the jungle (n. 435, 718, 741 a).
Area: One of the most common species of the whole family; it is widely distributed in the Ghats southwards from Bombay and in Ceylon; from the Eastern Himalaya its area extends to Tenasserim, the Malayan Peninsula, Ar- chipelago to Borneo.
Hydnophytum Jack.
45. WH. formicarum Jack in Trans. Linn. Soc. XIV, 124.
Var. siamense Becc. Malesia II, 167, t. 48, fig. 12—17.
A very common epiphytic plant all over the area explored especially on trees near the sea (n. 200d, 576).
Area: The species is widely spread from the peninsula of Malacca to Java, Borneo, Celebes and is the only species of the genus which goes as far as to Cochinchina and Siam; the variety has already been found in the gulf of Siam by Pierre (n. 45) on the Island of Phu-Quoc.
Lasianthus Jack.
46. WL. eyanocarpus Jack in Trans. Linn. Soc. XIV, 125; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. III, 179.
Jungle near Klong Munsé. A shrub (n. 278).
If indeed Triosteum hirsutum Roxb. Fl, Ind. I, 588 is identical with this plant, the name is to be changed. It is an Eastern species which ranges from the Eastern Himalaya to Borneo.
47, LL, strigosus Wight in Calc. Journ. nat. hist. VI, 512; Hook. fil. Fl. Brit. Ind. Il, 189. Jungle near Klong Munsé. A shrub (n. 837).
Area: Generally the plant is supposed only to be a Ceylon one and a citizen of the Deccan Highlands; but surely it also grows in the Malayan Ar- chipelago: I have seen it in several specimens from New Guinea.
48, LL. lucidus Bl. Bijdr. 997; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. HI, 184. Jungle near Klong Son (alt. 1000 ft.). A shrub (n.667b ex. p.). Area: It is widely distributed from the Khasia Mountains to Java.
49. I. caloneuras K. Sch. n. sp.
Rami pro rata elongati graciles florentes 25 cm. longi et 3 mm. diametro appresse strigulosi. Folia ad 1 cm. longe petiolata ampla lanceolata breviter acuminata et cuspidata basi acuta nervis majo- ribus 6 tantum utraque mediani parte percursa pulchre transverse verrulosa supra glabra vix nitidula subtus in nervis strigulosa opaca ad 21 em. longa et 5,5 cm. lata; stipulae triangulares 4 mm. longae strigulosae caducae. Flores plures fasciculati subsessiles. Ovarium quadriloculare strigulosum ut calyx 2 mm. longus dentibus ovato- lanceolatis. Corolla extus strigulosa 4 mm. longa, lobis margine
190 340
tantum pilosulis. Stilus brevis quadrilobus. Drupa ellipsoidea 4 min. longa glabra.
This species is allied to L. lawrifolius Hook. f. but is conspicuously different by its smaller flowers, tetramerous ovary and leaves which are percursed by a smaller number of nerves.
Riverbank in the jungle near Klong Son. A shrub with white flowers (n. 683).
50. LL. oligoneurus K. Sch. n. sp.
Rami graciles teretes superne complanati novelli puberuli ad 20 cm. longi et basi 2 mm. diametro. Folia vix 5mm. longe petiolata, petiolo pilosulo, oblonga vel oblongo-lanceolata rarius subobovato- oblonga breviter acuminata basi acuta supra glabra subtus in nervis tantum minutissime pilosula transverse venulosa utrinque opaca sicc. cinereo-viridia nervis 3 tantum ad summum 4 utraque mediani parte percursa 12 cm. longa et 4,5 cm. lata; stipulae triangulares strigil- losae 3 mm. longae. Flores sessiles parvi pauci fasciculati. Drupa coerulea globosa 5 mm. longa trilocularis loculis 2 abortivis calyce 1 mm. longo dentibus ovato-lanceolatis coronata.
This species is very peculiar by the siaric indumentum the few nerves and the trilocular drupe.
Jungle near Klong Munsé. A shrub with blue, shining fruit (n. 390).
51. UL. Sehmidtii K. Sch. n. sp.
Rami graciles teretes superne complanati ferrugineo-subtomen- tosi. Folia ad 3 mm. longe petiolata oblonga acuminata basi acuta nitidula supra glabra, ciliolata subtus pubescentia mollia sicc. olivacea nervis 8 majoribus utraque mediani parte percursa ad 9,5 em. longa et 4 cm. lata. Flores pauci solitarii vel geminati axil- lares sessiles. Ovarium quadriloculare ferrugineo-villosum. Calyx 2,5 mm. longus, lobis lanceolatis puberulis. Drupa globosa sepalis conniventibus coronata 4 mm. diametro.
The olivaceous colour of the dried villous leaves is very significant. The foliage ist not very large.
Jungle near Klong Son. A shrub (n. 667b).
Damnacanthus Gaertn. 52. D. indicus Gaertn. Fruct. III, 18, t. 182; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. Ill, 158. Klong Munsé, on rocks in the jungle. A spiny shrub (n. 283),
Area: The common opinion was that this plant is a native of China; afterwards Griffith found it on the Mishmi Hills (Upper Assam). It is very often cultivated.
Morinda Linn.
53. MM. eitrifelia Linn. Spec. pl. ed. I, 176; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. Ill, p. 155.
341 191
Lem Dan, Koh Kahdat, on sandy sea-shores; Koh Lom, on rocks near the Sea (n. 167, 557 a).
Area: Wild and cultivated for its yellow colour widely through India; it is particularly fond of the sea shore and grows behind the mangroves.
Rennellia Korth. (det. C. B. Clarke).
54. R. speciosa Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 3, p. 158.
Morinda speciosa Kurz For. Fl. Burma v. 2, p. 62, in Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng. v. 46, pars 2 [1877], p. 152.
Species forsan ad Tribrachyam (si Tribrachya Korth. a Rennellia Korth. genus diversum sit habendum) olim itransferenda.
Jungle near Klong Munsé, alt. 900 ft. (n. 122).
Area: Tenasserim,’ Borneo.
Borreria G. F. W. Mey.
55. B&R. hispida (Linn.) K. Sch. Natiirl. Pfizf. IV, 4. Spermacoce hispida Linn. Spec. pl. ed. 1, 102; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. III, 200. Dry open ground near Lem Dan. A small creeping herb. (n. 484).
Area: A very common weed throughout whole East India, the Malayan Archipelago as far as to S. China, it grows also in Madagascar.
192 342
Lythraceae
by C.B. Clarke — Kew. Ammannia Linn.
1. A. peploides Spreng.
Syst. v. 1 [1825] p. 444; Kurz in Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng. v. 46 [1877], pars 2, p. 84; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind., v. 2, p. 566; Vidal Pl. Vasc. Filip. p. 138; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 23 [1886—8] p. 303.
A. repens Mart. in Acad. Muench. Phil. v. 6 [1820], p. 150; DC. Prodr., v. 3, p. 80.
Ameletia Indica DC. Prodr. v. 3, p. 76; Blume Mus. Bot. v. 2, p. 185, t. 47.
ad. elongata Blume Mus. Bot. v. 2, p. 135.
A. acutidens Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. v. 1, pars i, p. 617. Rotala Indica, Koehne in Engl. Jahrb. v. 1 [1881], p. 172. Plains near Lem Dan (n. 305).
Area: A weed in wet cultivations, from Persia to the Philippines.
Pemphis J.R. et G. Forst.
2. P. acidula J.R. et G. Forst.
Char. Gen. Pl. [1776], p.67, t.34; DC. Prodr. v. 3, p. 89; Blume Mus. Bot. v. 2, p. 128, t. 43; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat, v. 1, pars 1, p. 619; Kurz For. Fl. Burma v. 1, p. 518, in Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng. v. 46 [1877], pars 2, p. 86; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 2, p. 573; Vidal Pl. Vasc. Filip., p. 138; Koehne in Engl. Jahrb. v. 3 [1882], p. 133; Hemsl. in Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng. v. 23 [1886—8], p. 305.
Lythrum Pemphis Linn. f. Suppl., p. 249.
Maclellandia Griffithiana Wight Ic. Pl. Ind. Or., t. 1996.
Koh Kahdat, common on the sandy seashore (n. 323).
Area: Inhabits the Tropical seashore of the Old World.
Lagerstroemia Linn. 3. L. Flos-Reginae Retz. Obs. v. 5 [1789], p. 25; Kurz For. Fl. Burma, v. 1, p. 524, in Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng. v. 46 [1877], pars 2, pp. 87, 88; Hook. f. Fl.
343 193
Brit. Ind., v. 2, p. 577; Vidal P]. Vasc. Filip., p. 139; Hemsl]. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 23 [1886—8], p. 305.
L. Muenchhausia Lam. Encycl. v. 3 [1789] p. 375, Mlustr. t. 473, fig. 2.
LL, Reginae Roxb. Corom. Pl. v. 1, p. 46, t. 65; DC. Prodr. v. 3, p- 93; Blume Mus. Bot. v. 2, p. 126, t. 41 A; Mig. FI. Ind. Bat. v. 1, pars 1, p. 623.
LL. speciosa Pers., Syn. v. 2 [1807], p. 72; Koehne in Engl. Jahrb. v. 4 [1883], p. 28, non DC.
Meunchhausia speciosa Linn. Mant. Alt. [1771], p. 243. Adambea glabra, Lam. Encycl. v. 1, p. 39. Koh Chang.
Area: Also in East. and South India, in Malay Peninsula and Archipelago, _and in China.
4, LL. floribunda Jack in Malay Miscell. v. 1 [1820], p. 38; DC. Prodr. v. 3, p. 93; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. v. 1, pars 1, p. 623; Kurz For. Fl. Burma v. 1, p. 522, in Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng. v. 46, pars 2 [1877], pp- 87, 88; Hook. f. FI. Brit. Ind. v. 2, p. 577; Koehne in Engl. Jahrb. v. 4 [1883], p.34; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 23 [1886—8] p. 305.
North-end of Koh Chang on rocks near the sea (n. 628a).
Area: Also in Burma, Malay Peninsula and Islands, and China.
Sonneratia Linn. f.
_5. 8. alba Smith in Rees Encycl. v.33 [1819] [Yy 2]; DC. Prodr. v. 3, p. 231; Blume Mus. Bot. v. 1, p. 338; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. v. 1, p. 497; Kurz For. Fl. v.-1, p. 526, in Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng. v. 46, pars 2 [1877], p. 89; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 2, p. 580.
S. acida Benth. Fl. Austral. v. 3, p. 301 partim.
Very common all over the area explored with the mangroves (n. 44 ete.).
Area: Inhabits the Tropical seashore of the Old World.
13
194 344
Melastomaceae
by C.B. Clarke — Kew.
Melastoma Linn.
1. M. Malabathricum Linn. ed. 1, p. 390, ed. 2, p. 559; Wight Illustr. t. 95; Naud. in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 3, v. 13 [1850], p. 284; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. v. 1, pars 1, p. 507 (calycis descr. emend.); Kurz For. Fl. Burm. v. 1, p. 503, in Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng. v. 46 [1877], pars 9, p.55; Triana in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 1, v. 28 [1873], p.59; Hook. f. F). Brit. Ind. v. 3, p.523 cum. syn.; Cogn. in DC. Monogr. v. 7, p. 349.
Jungle near Klong Majum (n. 607 a). Area: In India very common; in Malaya, the Philippines, Australia, Po- lynesia, frequent (ex Cogniaux).
2. M. polyanthum Blume in Flora v. 15 [1831], p. 481, Mus. Bot. v. 1, p. 52, t. 6; Korth. Verh. Nat. Gesch. p. 225; Naud. in Ann. Se. Nat. ser. 3, v.13 [1850], p. 287; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. v.1, pars 1, p. 507; Triana in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 1, v. 28 [1873], p. 59; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 2, p. 523; Cogn. in DC. Monogr. v. 7, p. 354,
M. Malabathricum Jack in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 1, v. 5 [1825],
p. p. t. 1 figg. a—g; Blume Bijd., p. 1076; Benth. Fl. Austral. v. 3, p. 292 partim.
M. brachyodon Naud. in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 3, v.13 [1850], p. 292.
In dry open places near Lem Dan. very abundant (nn. 27, 160). Area: In South India, Malaya, the Philippines, Australia; frequent.
3. M. sanguineum D.Don in Mem. Soc. Wern. v. 4 [1822]. p. 289; Sims Bot. Mag. [1S21], t. 2241; Blume Mus. Bot. v. 1, p. 55; Naud. in Ann. Se. Nat. ser. 3, v. 13 [1850], p. 281; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. v. 1, pars 1, p. 504; Triana in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 1, v. 28 [1873], p. 60; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 2, p. 524.
M. decemfidum, Roxb. Hort. Beng. 1813—4 sine descript.; Jack in Trans. Linn. Soc. v. 14 [1822—5], p. 6; Blume Mus. Bot. v. 1, p. 55; Naud. in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 3, v. 13 [1850], p. 282; Kurz For. Fl. Burma v. 1, p. 503, in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. v. 46 [1877] pars 2, p. 75; Cogn. in DC. Monogr. v. 7, p. 345.
345 195
Nipple alt. 2000 ft., in the jungle (nn. 607a, 672a). Area: Frequent in the Malay Peninsula and islands, extending to South China and the Philippines.
4. M. villosum Loddige Bot. Cab. 1824, tab. 853; Bot. Mag. 1826, tab. 2630; Cogn. in DC. Monogr. v. 7, p. 356.
Pteroma villosum DC. Prodr. v. 3, p. 159.
Dissotis villosa Triana in Trans. Linn. Soc. v. 28 [1873] p. 57.
Osbeckia Saigonensis O. Kunze Rev. Gen. v. 1, p. 247.
Koh Chang.
Area: Also known from Siam and Cochinchina.
Pternandra Jack.
5. DP. coerulescens Jack in Malay Miscell. v. 2, n. 7 [1822], p.61; Triana in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 1, v.28 [1873], p. 153; Kurz For. Fl. Burma v. 1, p. 509, in Journ. Asiat. Soc. v. 46 [1877], pars 2, p. 79; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 2. p. 551; Cogn. in DC. Monogr. v. 7, p. 1103.
Ewyckia cyanea Blume Rumphia v. 1 [1835], p. 24, t 8, Mus. Bot. v. 1, p. 6, fig. 1; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. v. 1, pars 1, p. 568.
E.. Jackiana Walp. Rep. v. 5, p. 724.
Jungle near Klong Munsé.
Area: Malay Peninsula, Malaya to the Philippines.
Memecylon Linn.
6. M. floribundum Blume Mus. Bot. v. 1 [1849], p. 361; Triana in Trans. Linn. Soc. v. 28 [1873], p. 158; Cogn. in DC. Monogr. v. 7, p. 1162.
M. tinctorium Blume Bijdr., p. 1094.
M. laurifolium Naud. in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 3, v. 18 [1852], p. 277; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. v. 1, pars 1, p. 576.
Klong Prao, on rocks in the jungle (n. 706d). Area: Endemic in Java (so far as known to Cogniaux).
13*
196 346
Scrophulariaceae by C.B. Clarke — Kew.
Adenosma, R. Brown.
1. A. coeruleum R. Br. Prodr. [1810], p. 443; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 4, p. 263 cum syn.
Pterostigma villosum Benth. Scroph. Ind., p. 21; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. v. 2, p. 678.
P. strictum Griff. Notul. v. 4, p. 96, Ic. Pl. Asiat., t. 417, fig. 3.
Stemodia coerulea Benth. in DC. Prodr. v. 10, p. 381.
Herpestis lanuginosa Blume Bijd., p. 747.
Klong Sarlakpet, rice field (n. 727d).
Area: Extends from India throughout Malaya to Australia.
2. A. capitatum Hance in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 13 [1873], p. 114; Benth. in Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. v. 2 [1876], p. 949; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 4, p. 264; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 26 [1890] p. 184.
Stemodia capitata Benth. in Bot. Reg. t. 1470 in nota.
Pterostigma capitatum Benth. Scroph. Ind. p. 21, in DC. Prod. v. 10, p. 380, Fl. Hongk. p. 248.
Erinus bilabiatus Roxb. Fl. Ind. v. 8, p. 92.
Koh Chang, plains near Lem Dan (n. 158).
Area. Common in India and the Malay Peninsula; also in Banka, Borneo, Tonkin.
Scoparia Linn.
3. §. duleis Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 116, ed. 2, p. 168; Gaertn. Fruct. v. 1, p. 251, t. 53, fig. [10]; Beauv. Fl., d’Owar. v. 2, p. 86, t. 115; Benth. in DC. Prod. v. 10, p. 431; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. v. 2, p. 699; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 4, p. 289.
In dry open ground near Lem Dan (nn. 17, 157).
Area: A weed, in the tropics of both Hemispheres.
347 197
Limnophila R. Br.
4. I. diffusa Benth. in DC. Prodr. v. 10 [1846], p. 387; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 4, p. 266; non G. Don. In wet ground near Lem Dan (n. 146).
Area: A rice-field weed, in Eastern and Southern India, in the Malay Peninsula and Sumatra.
Vandellia Linn.
5. ¥. erustacea Benth. Scroph. Ind. [1835], p. 35, in DC. Prodr. v. 10, p. 413; Wight Ic, Pl. Ind. t. 863; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. v. 2, p. 690; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 4, p. 279 cum syn.; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 26 [1890], p. 189.
Capraria crustacea, Linn. Mant., p. 87.
Jungle near Klong Majum, on rocks. Area: A weed, in the Tropics of the Old World.
Bonnaya.
6. B. veronicifolia Spreng. Syst. v. 1 [1825], p. 41; Benth. in DC. Prodr. v. 10, p. 421; Wight Ic. Pl. Ind., t. 1411; Mig. FI. Ind. Bat. v.2, p. 696; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. p. 4, p. 285; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 26 [1890], p. 192.
Gratiola veronicifolia Retz Obs., fasc. 4, p. 8; Roxb. Corom. PI. v. 2, p. 130, t. 154; Blume Bijd., p. 745.
Plains near Lem Dan (n. 182).
Area: A small weed in South East Asia.
7. B.verbenifolia Spreng. Syst. v. 1 [1825], p. 42; Benth. in DC. Prodr. v. 10, p. 421; Wight Ic. Pl. Ind., t. 1412; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. v. 2, p. 697.
B. veronicifolia var. Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 4, p. 285; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 26 [1890], p. 199.
Gratiola racemosa Roxb. Fl. Ind. [ed. Carey et Wallich], v. 1, p. 139.
Rice-field at Lam Dan (n. 251).
Area: A small weed in South East Asia.
198 348
Acanthaceae by C.B. Clarke — Kew.
Ebermaiera Nees.
1. E. subcapitata C.B. Clarke n. sp.
Foliis 25 mm. longis, 11 mm. latis, utrinque angustatis, subtus pallidioribus secus venas minute pubescentibus, petiolis 4 mm. lon- gis; spicis terminalibus, subcapitatis 15—20 mm. in diam.; bracteis calycibusque ciliato-pilosis; bractea 9 mm. longa, lanceolata; calyce 5mm. longo, segmentis 4 linearibus 1 paullo latiore; corolla 8 mm. longa; antheris, polline, stylo, capsula, seminibus omnino generis.
On river banks in the jungle near Klong Munsé. Flower light mauve (nn, 122, 271). Area: Also in Borneo (Haviland nn. 3314, 3587).
Hygrophila Nees.
92. WL. quadrivalvis Nees. in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. v. 3 [1832], p. 80, in DG. Prodr. v. 11, p. 89; C.B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 3, p. 408; Mig. FI. Nederl. Ind. v. 2, p. 778.
H. obovata, Wight Ic. Pl. Ind. Or, t. 1489.
-H. salicifolia, T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 9, p. 456.
Ruellia quadrivalvis, Wallich List n. 2374 (plagula 1). — Rheede Hort. Malabar v. 2, t. 46.
Rice-field near Lem Dan (nn. 178, 241, 315).
Area: Throughout British India; Malaya; Tonquin. This species may be esteemed a Var. only of H. salicifolia, Nees; in which case its area will extend to Australia and Tropical America.
Strobilanthes Blume.
3. §, rufescens T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 9 [1867], p. 472; C. B. Clarke in Hook f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 3, p. 430 cum syn.; Lindau in Engler und Prant] Pflanzenfam. v. 4, Abtheil. 3b, p. 305 (sect. Buteraea). Ruellia rufescens, Roth Nov. Sp. Pl, p. 304.
Buteraea ulmifolia Nees in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. v.3, p.84 et in DC. Prodr. v. 11, p. 196.
349 199
Typischer Rippenpollen i.e, Strobilanthes, Lindau. Klong Son, in the jungle (n. 637a). Area: Also in Burma and Malaya.
4. §. parvibracteatus C. B. Clarke n. sp.-
Ramis apice rufo-hirsutis; foliis ovatis, vix acutis, parvis (usque ad 35mm. longis); spicis usque ad 3 cm. longis, 8 mm. latis (quam S. rufescentis gracilioribus); calyce 9 mm. longo, usque ad basin 9-partito; bractea 4—5 mm. longa ovata, rotundata; ceteroquin
ut S. rufescens.
Frutex rigidus, ramosus. Folia, quam S. rufescentis, crassiora hir- sutiora. Spicae approximatae. Calyx ei S. rufescentis simillimus. Co- rolla quam S. rufescentis minor — capsula cum seminibus omnino ut S. rufescentis. — An S. rufescentis forma?, a qua inprimis differt brac- teis quam calyces multo brevioribus.
Klong Majum (alt. 700 ft.), on rocks in the jungle (n. 609); flowers light blue with white veins.
Acanthus Linn.
5. A. ilicifolius Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 639, ed. 2, p. 892 partim; Blume Bijd., p. 806; Benth. Fl]. Austral. v. 4, p. 458; Kurz For. Fl. Burm. v. 2, p. 241; C.B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 3, p. 481, in Dyer Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 5, p. 108; Lindau in Engl. und Prantl Pflan- zenf. v. 4, Abtheil. 3B, p. 319.
A, Doloarius Blanco Fl. Filip., p. 487.
Dilivaria ilicifolia Nees in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. v. 3, p. 98, in DC.
Prodr. v. 11, p. 268. Delivaria ilicifolia Mig. Fl. Ind. Neder]. v. 2, p. 820.
— Rheede Hort. Malab. v. 2, p. 98, t. 48.
Lem Ngob, in mangrove-swamp (n. 48).
Area: Common on sea coasts from Africa to Australia and Oceania. Var. integrifolia T. Anderson in Thwaites Enum. Pl. Zeyl., p. 232.
Foliis fere vel omnino integris.
Lem Ngohb, mangrove-swamp (n. 821). Area: This Var. occurs with the type in India, Malaya, Oceania.
Eranthemum Linn. partim.
6. E. Zollingerianum Nees in DC. Prodr. v. 11 [1847], p. 455 (syn. E. dianthero, Blume excl.).
E. crenulatum Nees in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. v. 3, p. 107, in DC. Prodr. v. 11, p. 453 pro magna parte; non Lindley.
E. Malaccense C.B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 3, p. 498.
200 350
Koh Chang, common in the jungle, especially on rocks (nn. 121, 392, 449). Area: Extends from Malacca to the Philippines; Java, Zollinger n. 44; Koh Kong, Murton (n. 25).
7. E. album Nees in DC. Prodr. v. 11 [1847], p. 455; Mig. Fl. Ind. Nederl. v. 2, p. 837; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 3, p. 498.
Jungle near Lem Dan (n. 838).
Area: Known from Pegu, Andaman Isles, Nicobar Isles, Chittagong and Penang.
8. E.Pumilio C. B. Clarke n. sp.
Culmis ligneis, 2 dm. longis; foliis parvis (4 cm. longis 12—15 mm. latis), utrinque angustatis, nervis minute pilosis; spicis (vix racemis) 7 cm. longis, 4—7-floris, minute glanduloso-pubescentibus; bracteolis minutis; calyce 5 mm. longo; corollae tubo 26 mm. longo, lobis 11 mm. longis; capsula 17 mm. longa pilosa, in di- midia parte superiore 4-sperma.
Corolla and capsule as in other species of the genus. Stems very stout and rugged in proportion to their length. Leaves unusually small for the genus.
Jungle near Klong Munsé, on rocks (nn.59, 98); flowers pale rose.
Justicia Linn.
9. J. Gendarussa Linn. f. Suppl. 1781, p. 85; Blume Bijd. p. 785; Blanco F]. Filip., p. 14; Kurz For. Fl. Burm. v. 2, p. 247; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. F). Brit. Ind. v. 4, p. 532, in Dyer Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 5, p. 203; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 26, p. 244.
Gendarussa vulgaris Nees in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. v. 3, p. 104, in
DC. Prodr. v.11, p. 410; Wight Ic. Pl. Ind. Or. t. 468; Mig. Fl. Nederl. Ind. v. 2, p. 831.
— Rheede Hort. Malab. v. 9, t. 42. Common in wet places all round Koh Chang (n. 239, 637, 726a, 820).
Area: Also in Africa, India, China, Malaya; often cultivated. In Johs. Schmidt n. 637 the leaves are very broadly lanceolate, as in some examples from the Malay Peninsula.
Adhatoda Nees.
10. A. Yasica Nees in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. v. 3 [1832], p. 103, in DG. Prodr. v. 11, p. 387; Mig. Fl. Nederl. Ind. v. 2, p. 829; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 4, p. 540.
Justicia Adhatoda Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 15 ed. 2, p. 20; Blume Bijd. p. 785; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 26, p. 244.
— Rheede Hort. Malab. v. 9, t. 43.
301 201
Plains near Lem Dan (n. 414). Area: Common in India, Malaya; also in Siam, China.
Rungia Nees.
11. R. parviflora Nees in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. v. 3 [1832], p. 110, in DC. Prodr. v. 11, p. 469 syn. execl.; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 4, p. 550 cum syn.
The Koh Chang examples are very small, shrubby, as though growing on rocky ground; the leaves are very small, 10—14 mm. long at most, elliptic or ovate: the spikes and bracts are small, the calyx very villous.
Klong Prao, on rocks in the jungle (n. 706 b). Area: Common throughout India, Malaya.
Hypoestes R. Br.
12. H. ? Schmidtii C.B. Clarke n. sp.
Parva, ramulosa, parce pilosa, foliis ovato-ellipticis 20 mm. longis, 12 mm. latis (foliis lanceolatis 40 mm. longis 9 mm. latis in eodem ramulo interdum additis), petiolo 2—4 mm. longo piloso; spicis parvulis in cymulis depauperatis paucis (saepe 1—3—5) spar- sis; bracteis 2 linearibus, admodum inaequalibus (altera 8—10 mm. longa, altera. vix 5 mm. longa) 2— 3-flores includentibus; sepalis 5 mm. longis, linearibus, pilosis; bracteolis quam sepala vix majo- ribus; capsula 1 cm. longa, patentim pilosa, in parte superiore 4-sperma (omnino generis); seminibus nigris, a punctis elevatis minutis ornatis.
Flores desunt; genus parum incertum.
Jungle near Klong Majum in chinks of rocks. Flowers light rose (nn. 615 a, 900 a).
202 302
Urticaceae by O. Warburg — Berlin.
Ficus L. Sect. Urostigma. 1. FK. pilosa Reinw. in Blume Bijdr. 446. var. chrysocoma King f. (= F. chrysocoma Bl. Bijdr. 443). Koh Kahdat, sandy sea-shore (n. 579 b). Area: Tenasserim, Penang (?), Java, Borneo, North Australia.
2. F. bracteatn Wall. Cat. 4498, Jungle near Klong Munsé (n. 142, 594 a). Area: Penang, Perak, Singapore, Java.
3. F. altissima BI. Bijdr. 444 (F. laccifera Roxb.). Koh Lom, on rocks near the sea (n. 846).
Area: Ceylon, Deccan, trop. Himalaya, Assam, Burma, Malayan Peninsula, Andaman Islands, Malayan Archipelago.
4. RB. consociata Bl. Bijdr. 447. var. Murtoni King.
Lem Dan, Klong Majum, Koh Chang Noi, on sandy or rocky ground near the sea (n. 140, 537, 697 a).
Area: Malayan Peninsula, Sumatra, Java; the variety Murtoni only in the Malayan. Peninsula.
5. F.glabella Bl. Bijdr. 452. Klong Majum, on rocks in the jungle (n. 2001).
Area: East Himalaya, Khasia, Chittagong, Burma, Malayan Peninsula,. Malayan Archipelago, South China.
6. FE. retusa L. Mant. 129.
Koh Kahdat, sandy sea-shore (n.573), Klong Sarlakpet. Area: Himalaya, Khasia, Assam, Burma, Malayan Peninsula, Malayan.
Archipelago, South China, North Australia, New-Caledonia. 7. F.vasculosa Wall. Cat. 4482.
Open country near Klong Prao (n. 717 b). Area: Burma, Malayan Peninsula, Bangka, Java, South China.
353
203
Sect. Synoecia. 8. F.punetata Thunb. Fic. 9 var. faleata (Miq.) King.
Jungle near Klong Munsé, a climber on trees (n. 526 c), Area: Malayan Peninsula, Malayan Archipelago.
Sect. Covellia.
9. FE. hispida L. f. Suppl. 442. Open contry at Lem Dan (n. 219), Area: Ceylon, India, Burma, Malayan Peninsula, Andaman Islands, Malayan
Archipelago, South China, Australia.
10. FV. fistulosa Reinw. in Bl. Bijdr. 470. Open country near Lem Dan, riverbank in the jungle at Klong Son, a
cauliflorous tree (n. 252, 395, 427, 691, 796).
Area: Khasia, Burma, Malayan Peninsula, Malayan Archipelago.
Sect. Husyce. 11. KF. villosa Bl. Bijdr. 441.
Common in the jungle near Klong Munsé, a climber on trees (n. 124, 404), Area: Malayan Peninsula, Malayan Archipelago.
12. F.fulva Reinw. in BI. Bijdr. 578. Jungle near Lem Dan, on a riverbank (n. 623). Area: Burma, Malayan Peninsula, Andaman Islands, Malayan Archipelago.
13. F. pyriformis Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. 216. Var. ich-
nopoda (Miq.) King.
Klong Majum, on rocks in the jungle (n. 93, 617 a). Area: Assam, Khasia, Burma, Malayan Peninsula, South-China. 14. KH, chartacea Wall. Cat. 4580 var. toerulosa (Wall.) King.
Open country near Klong Prao (n. 717 c). Area: Burma, Malayan Peninsula.
Sect. Neomorphe.
15. E. variegata Bl. Bijdr. 459.
Riverbank in the jungle near Klong Son (n. 693). Area: Assam, Chittagong, Malayan Peninsula, Malayan Archipelago, South
China.
Artocarpus Forst.
16. A. integrifolia L. f. suppl. 412. Cultivated every where throughout the area explored. Area: Deccan Peninsula, cultivated in whole South Asia.
Conocephalus BI.
17. (€. suaveolens Bl. Bijdr. 483. Klong Son, on riverbank in the jungle, a tall liane.
Area: East Himmalaya, Khasia, Tenasserim, Malayan Peninsula, Malayan Archipelago, Cambodja.
Trema Lour.
18. TT. timorensis Bl. Mus. Bot. II, 60.
Dry open country near Lem Dan (n. 303).
Area: Tenasserim, Malayan Peninsula, Malayan Islands, South China, North Australia.
19. '. orientalis Bl. Mus. Bot. Il, 62 (incl. 7. amboinensis Bl.). Open country near Lem Dan (n. 243, 301, 477).
Area: Ceylon, India, Assam, Burma, Malayan Peninsula, Andaman Is- lands, Malayan Archipelago.
Fungi
by E. Rostrup — Copenhagen (Agaricineae by Geo. Massee — Kew).
Myxomycetes. Lycogala Mich. 1. L.Epidendron (L.) Buxb.
On trunks of dead trees. Area: Common almost everywhere.
Stemonitis Gled. 2. §.fusea Roth.
Area: Common everywhere.
Uredinaceae. Uredo Pers. 3. U. luirenae Rostr. n. sp.
Soris hypophyllis, fuscidulis, lanceolatis, usque 1.mm. longis; uredosporis variis, subspheeroideis, obovatis v. oblongo-polyedricis, subtiliter aculeatis, longit. 20—30 yw, crassit. 14—20 p.
In foliis Fuirenae glomeratae.
Tremellaceae. Hirneola Fr.
4. H. pellucida (Jungh.) Fr. Area: Java.
5. IH. auricularis Fr. On trunks. Area: Brazil.
Calocera Fr.
6. ¢. palmata (Schum.) Fr. On trunks. Area: Europe, America.
206 356
Thelephoraceae. Stereum Pers.
7. S. hirsutum Willd. On trunks. Area: Everywhere.
8. §S.ferrugineum (Bull.) Fr. On trunks. Area: Europe, the West-Indies, Brazil, Ceylon.
9. §S, ochroleueum Fr. On trunks of felled trees. Area: Europe, Florida, Cuba, Venezuela, Tasmania, Borneo.
10. S. versicolor (Swartz) Fr. On trunks. Area: Mexico, the West-Indies, Africa, Australia.
11. §. Ostrea Nees. On trunks. Area: Malacea, Java, Australia.
Hymenochaete Leév.
12. H.rheicolor (Mont.) Lév. On dead branches. Area: India.
Clavariaceae. Clavaria Vaill.
13. (.contorta Holmskj. On trunks. Area: Europe, America.
Physalacria. 14. Ph. changensis Rostr. n. sp.
Flavo-brunnea, caespitosa, capitulo globoso, vesiculoso-inflato, membranaceo, glabro, 3—4 mm. diametro, basi circulari perforato; stipite gracili, circiter 1 ctm. longo; sporis ellipsoideis, minutis; cy- stidiis clavatis, 32 y 1., 12 w cr.
On trunks.
357 207
Hydnaceae. Hydnum L.
15. UH. conehatum Fr. On trunks. Area: Oahu (Polynesia).
Polyporaceae’). Boletus Dillon.
16. B.lacunosus Rostr. n. sp.
Pileo e pulvinato expanso, glabro, laevi, alutaceo; tubulis libe- ris, mediis, dilute fuscis; stipite gracili, elongato, cylindrico v. sur- sum attenuato, profunde alato-lacunoso, annulato; sporis ferrugineis, fusiformibus, 13—15 » 1., 6—7 » cr. — Pileus 4—5 ctm.; stipes 10—12 ctm. long.
In a hollow tree.
17. B. costatus Rostr. n. sp.
Pileo dilute fusco, hemisphaerico — pulvinato, laevi, glabro, 2 etm. lato; stipite ventricoso, utrinque attenuato, sursum profunde costato-lacunoso, inferne obsolete reticulato, 4—5 ctm. ]., usque 9 ctm. crasso, basi curvato; tubulis curtis, liberis; poris minutis; sporis oblongis, ferrugineis, subtiliter striatis, 18—20 yz 1., 6—8 yp cr.
Suillus Micheli.
18. S.changensis Rostr. n. sp.
Pileo convexo—plano, rubro, laevi, glabro, 2—3 ctm. lato; stipite gracili, cylindrico, saepe campresso, basi incurvo, crassiore; tubulis adnatis; poris mediis, sulphureis; sporis hyalinis, oblongis, 91, 4p cr. Carne secta cyanescente,
19. S.velatus Rostr. n. sp.
Pileo convexo-plano, rufo-fusco, rimoso-granuloso, 4 ctm. lato, margine velo crasso, stellatim fisso ornato; tubulis liberis; poris amplis, angulatis; sporis hyalinis, ellipsoideis, apiculatis, saepe obli- quis; stipite cylindrico, gracili, laevi, 5—6 ctm. 1., 0,5—1 ctm. cr.
20. 8S. hygrophanus Rostr. n. sp.
Pileo albo, hygrophano, convexo-plano, initio piloso-squamoso, dein glabro, 2—3 ctm. lato; stipite gracili, flexuoso, sursum fibroso- squamoso, 5—6 ctm. 1., 2—3 ctm. cr., eartilagineo, albo, nitido; tubulis liberis; poris mediis, inaequalibus, sinuosis; sporis hyalinis, ellipsoideis, 9—10 yw 1., 5 w er.
1) As to the genus Favolus see the following paper by Massee (p. 367).
358
Polyporus Micheli.
21. P. hypopolins Kalchbr. On trunks. Area: Australia.
22, PP. fumosus (Pers.) Fr. Area: Everywhere.
923. P. adustus (Willd.) Fr. Area: Everywhere.
24, P. (Fomes) rugosus Nees. Area: Malacca, Ceylon, Guyana.
25. P. (Fomes) amboinensis (Lam.) Fr. Area: Amboina, Java, Singapore. 26. P. (Fomes) lucidus (Leys.) Fr.
Area: Everywhere except in the arctic regions.
27. P. (Komes) fastuosus Lév. Area: Malacca.
28. P. (Komes) aruensis Berk. Area: Insula oceanica Aru.
29. P. (omes) conchatus (Pers.) Fr. Area: Europe, America, 30. P. (Komes) australis Fr.
Area: Widely spread in all tropical regions.
31. P. (Komes) applanatus (Pers.) Wallr.
Area: Everywhere.
32. P. (Fomes) endophaeus Berk. Area: India (Khasia).
33. P. (Komes) igniarins (L.) Fr.
Area: Everywhere.
34. DP. (Fomes) scleromyces B. et C. Area: Cuba.
35. P. (Fomes) sanguinarius KI]. Area: Borneo, Mauritius.
36. P. (Polystictus) xanthopus Fr. Area: Common in tropical regions.
309 209
37. P. (Polystietus) atripes Rostr. n. sp.
Pileo coriaceo-papyraceo, flavo, glabro, radiatim striato, margine tenui, flexuoso-lobato, ciliato; poris minutissimis, decurrentibus; stipite centrali, longo, aterrimo, glabro. — Pileus 4—5 ctm. latus; stipes 4—5 ctm. longus, 4 mm. crassus.
38. P. (Polystictus) pusillus Rostr. n. sp.
Pileo papyraceo, umbilicato, obsolete zonato, laevi, glabro, ochraceo, margine crenato; poris mediis, subhexagonis, albidis; sti-
pite centrali, atrofusco, scabro. — Pileus 0,8 ctm. latus; stipes 1,5 ctm. longus, 1 mm. crassus. In ligno.
39. P. (Polystietus) luteus Blume et Nees.
Area: In all tropical regions.
40. P. (Polystictus) lenzitens Lév. Area: Sumatra.
41. P. (Polystictus) diseipes Berk.
Area: Ceylon.
42, P. (Polystictus) sanguineus (L.) Mey. Area: Common in all tropical regions.
43. P. (Polystictus) olivascens Rostr. n. sp.
Pileo suberoso-coriaceo, horizontali, reniformi, fusco-olivaceo, zonato, adpresse sericeo; stipite brevissimo, disciformi; contextu ferrugineo; poris minutis, ferrugineis. — Pileus 1—2 ctm. latus.
Ad truncos.
44, P. (Polystictus) minutissimus Rostr. n. sp.
Pileis gregariis, coriaceo-membranaceis, reniformibus, albidis, obscure zonatis, striatis, ca. 2 mm. latis; stipite albo, exacte laterali, curto (0,5—1 mm.); poris rotundis, albis.
Ad ramos corticatis.
45. BP. (Polystictus) albo-uteus Rostr. n. sp.
Pileo tenui, papyracei, reniformi, 1—2 ctm. lat., albo, nitido, concentrice striato; margine in stipitem brevem, lateralem, basi scutato-dilatatum attenuato; contextu albo; poris minutissimis, luteis.
In ramis.
46. P. (Polystictus) tigrinus Rostr. n. sp.
Pileo reniformi-orbiculari, ochraceo, distincte fusco-zonato, ra- diatim sericeo-striato; stipite laterali, aequali, verrucoso; poris me-
14
210 360
diis, decurrentibus, ochraceis. — Pileus ca. 3 ctm. latus, stipes 1 ctm. longus, 4 mm. crassus.
In ligno.
47. P. (Polystictus) leonotis Kalchbr. Area: Australia.
48. P. (Polystictus) funalis Fr. Area: India, Guinea, Brazil.
49. PD. (Polystictus) purpureo-albus Rostr. n. sp.
Pileis imbricatis, dimidiatis, postice effusis, coriaceis, tenuibus, rugosis, glabris, fusco-purpureis, margine late albo; hymenio pal- lido; poris mediis, angulatis; dissepimentibus tenuibus.
Ad truncos.
50. P. (Polystictus) changensis Rostr. n. sp.
Pileo tenui, plano, coriaceo, reniformi, glabro, dense concen- trice striato-sulcato, vernicoso-polito, dilute brunneo, postice atro- purpureo, contextu pallido; hymenio cinerascente; poris mediis, exacte uniformibus. — Pileus 4—5 ctm. longus.
In ramis exsiccatis et ad truncos.
51. P. (Polystictus) erenatoporus Rostr. n. sp.
Pileo coriaceo, molli, tenui, sessile, albo-villoso, 1—3 ctm. longo, 0,5 ctm. lato, contextu citrino; poris mediis, irregularibus, citrinis; dissepimentibus crenatis.
Ad truncos.
52. PP. (Polystictus) hirsutus Fr.
Area: Everywhere.
53. P. (Polystictus) pinsitus [r.
Area: Widely spread in tropical regions. 54. P. (Polystietus) chartaceus B. et C.
Area: America.
55. P. (Polystietus) spadiceus Jungh. Area: Java.
56. P. (Volystictus) Schmidtii Rostr. n. sp.
Pileis coriaceo-rigidis, tenuibus, imbricatis, conchatis, densissime concentrice striatis, tomentulosis, cinnamomeis, 1—2 ctm. latis; poris minutissimis, ferrugineis, contextu concolori.
Habitus fere Hymenochaetes rubiginosae.
361 211
57. P. (Poria) earnosus Rostr. n. sp.
Pileo carnoso, molli, tenaci, resupinato, marginato, contextu ferrugineo, margine obtuso, pallido; poris curtis, mediis, angulatis, inaequalibus, ferrugineis. — Pileus 3—4 ctm.
Ad truncos.
Lenzites Fr.
57 (bis). LL. eximia Berk. Ad truncos.
Laschia Fr.
58. . changensis Rostr. n. sp.
Orbicularis, glabra, carnoso-gelatinosa, supra brunnea, glabra. subtus carnea, sessilis, puncto dorsi excentrico affixa, hymenio reticulato-poroso.
Pileus 1—1,5 ctm. latus.
Marasmiaceae’). Schizophyllum Fr.
59. §S. commune Fr.
Area: In omnibus regionibus orbis.
Xerotus Fr.
60. X. changensis Rostr. n. sp.
Pileo coriaceo, rigido, tenui, sessili, dimidiato, opaco, atro, pulve- rulento, radiatim sulcato, 23 ctm. lato, margine initio integro, dein lobato, subtus rufo, plicis radiantibus, distantibus, integris.
Ad truncos.
Perisporiaceae. Asterina Lév.
61. A. Pandani Rostr. n. sp.
Maculis epiphyllis, atris, rugosis, usque 1 ctm. latis, margine fibrilloso; peritheciis membranaceis, lenticularibus; ascis ovatis, 46 » 1, 33 » cr.; sporis ellipsoideis, 15 » 1, 13 w er.
In foliis Pandani.
Micropeltis Mont. 62. M. Schmidtiana Rostr. n. sp.
1) As to the other Agaricineae see the following paper by Massee (p. 363). 14*
212 362
Peritheciis dimiato-scutatis, orbicularibus, convexulis, tabacinis, epiphyllis, ambitu plano, membranaceo; ascis fasciculatis, fusifor- mibus, 50-52 w 1., 10—12 » er., paraphysibus filiformibus obval- latis, octosporis; sporidiis anguste fusoideis, hyalinis, 5—7-septatis, 20—25 LU 1, 5 pe cr. :
In foliis Apostasiae Lobbii. Vizella Sacc.
63. Y. conferta (Cooke) Sacc. In foliis Denbrobii.
Area: Dinagepore Indiae.
Sphaeriaceae. Hypoxylon Bull. 64. HL rubiginosum (Pers.) Fr. On trunks. Area: Everywhere. Dothideaceae. Phyllachora Nitschke. 65. Ph. repens (Corda) Sacc.
In foliis vivis. Area: India, Natal, Cuba.
66. Ph. Andropogonis (Schw.) Karst. et Har. In foliis Andropogonis Sorghi. Area: America.
67. Ph. incareerata (Berk.) Sacc. In foliis Anonacearum. Area: Ceylon. Dothidella Speg. 68. D. Pterolobii Rostr. n. sp.
Stromatibus hypophyllis, oblongis, pulvinatis, fusco-nigris, 0,5 —1 mm. longis; ascis obsoletis; sporidiis hyalinis, oblongo-clavatis, 1—septatis, 11-12 » 1, 4—5 p ev.
In foliis Pterolobii Schmidtiani.
Excipulaceae. Dinemasporium Lév.
69. D. grawinum Lévy,
363 213
In foliis Imperatae arundinaceae. Area: Common in tropical regions,
Melanconiaceae. Pestalozzia de Notaris.
70. P. Andropogonis Rostr. n. sp.
Maculis amphigenis, irregularibus, pallidis, nigro-purpureo- cinetis; acervulis gregariis, lenticularibus, fuscis; conidiis fusoideis, 20—22 w\., 7-8 p» cr., 4-septatis, loculis 3 intermediis fuscis, terminalibus hyalinis, apice rostellis 2—3 patentissimis, 16—18 longis.
In foliis Andropogonis Sorghi.
Dematieae. Helminthosporium Link.
71. W, Fieuum Rostr. n. sp.
Maculis amphigenis, cinereis, distincte limitatis, fusco-margina- tis; hyphis caespitosis, longis, fuscis, nodulosis, septatis; conidiis _ cylindraceis, 3—septatis, rufo-fuscis, 18—20 yp 1., 5—6 yw er.
In foliis Fici retusae.
Agaricineae ')
by George Massee, F.L.S. Principal Assistant (Cryptogams), Herbarium, Royal Gardens — Kew.
The small collection of Agarics from Koh Chang, admirably preserved and accompanied by notes, thus rendering identification possible, has extended the geographical range of several species, in addition to furnishing several new forms, all belonging to existing genera. The most interesting novelty is Favolus albidus a species evidently allied to Favolus sprucei Berk., from Brazil.
Mycena. 72. M. cuspidata Massee n. sp.
Pileus e conico-campanulato subexpansus, umbone valde pro- minente praeditus; margine undulato, striatus, luteo-brunneus, cen- tro atro-umbrino, 2—3 cm. latus; lamellae confertae fere liberae, ventricosae, pallidae; sporae 4—2,5 » hyalinae; stipes fistulosus, aequalis, glaber, pallidus, 4—5 cm. longus.
1) As to Schizophyllum and Xerotus see the preceding paper by Rostrup (p. 361).
214 364
Allied to M. galericulata Fr., differing in the strongly umbonate or cuspidate pileus and the smaller spores.
Koh Chang Noi, on a dead tree.
73. M. laectea Karst., Hattsv. 1, 103; syn. Agaricus lacteus Pers., syn. Fung. 394.
Koh Kahdat on a dead tree.
Area: Europe, United States.
Marasmius Fr.
74. M. diseopus Massee (sp. nov.).
Pileus convexo-expansus demum disco depresso udo striatus, luridus, margine incurvus, 1—2 cm. latus; lamellae liberae, angu- stae, confertae, albidae; sporae hyalinae, 5> 3; stipes tenax, fuscus, incurvus, basi disco applanato albicante adnatus, 3—4 cm. longus.
Characterized by the coarsely striate pileus and thin, flattened disc at the base of the stem. Allied to M. stylobates Berk. and Curt.
Jungle near Klong Son (alt. 1000 ft.) on the ground.
75. M. epiphyllus Fr. Epicr. 386.
Koh Kahdat, Klong Son, on moist ground in the jungle. Area: Europe, Asiatic Siberia, United states.
76. M. synodicus Kunze in Fries’ Epicr. 381. Klong Son, on moist ground in the jungle.
Area: Surinam.
Pleurotus. 77. P. mitis Karst., Hattsv. lI, 80, syn. Agaricus mitis, Syn. Fung. 481. Koh Kahdat, Klong Son, Klong Majum, on dead trees. Area: Europe. 78. P. seabriusculus Berk. Journ. Linn. Soc. XIII, 157 (1878).
Lem Dan, on a dead stem of Areca. Area: Australia.
79. P. Guilfoylei Berk., Linn. Journ. XII, 158.
Somewhat larger than the typical form, but agreeing in all essential points. Open dry place near Lem Dan, on stump of a tree.
Area: New S. Wales, Queensland.
Lentinus Fr.
80. IL. praerigidus Berk. in Hook. Journ. Bot. VI, 132, pl. VII, f. 1 (1854).
Koh Chang. Area: India, Province of Behar, Bengal.
81. L. exilis Klotzsch in Berk. Exot. Fungi, no. 5, 397.
A very abundant and widely distributed species in the Old World tropics.
Koh Chang, on the stump of a tree. Area: Central Africa, Mauritius, India, Malaya, Ceylon, Australia, Cuba.
Panus.
82. P. luteolus Massee (sp. nov).
Sessilis, imbricatus; pileus fere membranaceus, lentus, subreni- formis, tomento flavo obductus, 3—5 cm. longus; lamellae angu- stissimae, confertissimae, pallidae, acie acutae; sporae hyalinae, Ox dy.
Remarkable for the very thin flesh of the pileus, and the exceedingly narrow and closely crowded gills. Allied to P. aureofuluus Cooke, from Perak, Malacca.
Jungle near Klong Prao, on dead trees.
83. P. spathulatus Massee (sp. nov.).
Caespitosus; pileus tenuis, lentus, pallidus, suborbicularis seu reniformis, margine arcte involuto, albidus, 3—5 cm. latus; lamellae confertissimae, angustissimae, acie integrae, albidae; sporae hyalinae, 4> 9,5; stipes exacte lateralis, elongatus, cylindraceus, fibroso- lignosus, pileus concolor, 4—6 cm. longus.
Distingished from all known species by the elongated stem, and very narrow, densely crowded gills.
Jungle near Klong Son, on the ground.
84. DP. troglodytes Fries Nov. Symb. Myc. 227.
An interesting discovery, extending the range of a species previously known only from one locality.
Jungle near Klong Munsé, on dead trees. Area: Ins. St. Thomas.
Claudopus Fr.
85. . sphaerosporus Pat. Jungle near Klong Son, on stumps of trees.
Flammula Fr.
86. F. sulphurea Massee (sp. nov.)
Caespitosus. Pileus convexo-expansus, glaber, margine pellu- cide striatus sicco levis, laete sulphureus, 1—2 em. latus; lamellae
216 366
4
distantes, decurrentes, concolores; sporae fulvidae. 6 4 yu; stipes e farcto cavus, glaber, sursum attenuatus, flavidus, basi fuscescens, 4—6 em. altus.
A pretty and distinct specics. characterised by the clear yellow co- lour of every part. Allied to F. tilopoda Kalchbr. and Mac-Owan, a
South African species. Jungle near Klong Son, on the ground.
87. FB, sapinea Karsten, Hattsv. I, 410.
Syn. Agaricus (Flammula) sapineus Fries, Syst. Myc. I, 239; Fries, Icon. tab. 118, f. 3.
A common and widely distributed species, occurring here under the typical form.
Jungle near Lem Dan, on a dead tree.
Area: Europe, India, N.S. Wales, Queensland, N. Zealand, Ceylon, United States, Cuba, Venezuela.
Psilocybe Fr.
88. P. spadicea Karst. Hattsv. J, 506.
Syn. Agaricus (Psilocybe) spadiceus Fr. Epicr. 295. Jungle near Klong Son, on the ground.
Area: Europe.
89. P. agraria Karst. Hattsv. II, 505.
Syn. Agaricus (Psilocybe) agraria Fr. Mon. I, 304; Fr. Icon., tab. 137, f. 1.
Jungle near Klong Son, on the ground.
Area: Western Europe.
Panaeolus.
90. P.albellus Massee (sp. nov.).
Pileus carnosulus, e convexo-campanulato expansus lividus dein albellus, glaber, 2—3 em. latus; lamellae confertae, postice attenuato- adnatae, fuliginosae; sporae ellipsoideae utrinque apiculatae, atro- fuscae, 20> 10 w; stipes e farcto cavus, sursum attenuatus, fibril- loso-pubescens, pallidus, 7—10 ecm. altus.
Most nearly allied to P. campanulatus L., differing in the adnate gills and larger spores.
On Buffalo dung.
91. P. campanulatus Berk., Outl. Fung. 175. Syn. Agaricus campanulatus Linn. Suec. 2, n. 1213.
Like many other coprophilous fungi, the present species has a wide distribution. Size very variable.
367 217
On Buffalo dung. Area: Europe, S. Africa, Ceylon, United States.
Bolbitius Fr.
92. Wk. umboenatus Massee, Eur. Fung. Flora, I, 200. Lem Dan, on the ground amongst fallen leaves.
Coprinus Pers. 93. €. domesticus Fr., Epicr. 251; Icon. tab. 170, f. 3. Syn. Agaricus domesticus Pers. Syn. Fung. Eur. 401. Koh Kahdat on the ground in the jungle. Area: Europe, United States.
Favolus‘). 94. F. albidus Massee (sp. nov.).
Pileus membranaceus, lentus, albidus, glaber, convexo expansus, 1—2 cm. latus; alveoli e rotundato-subhexagoni, radiatim dispositi, albido-straminei aetate pallidi; stipes centralis, subaequalis, conco- lor, 1,5—2,5 cm. longus.
A very distinct and beautiful species, most nearly allied to F. sprucei Berk., from Brazil.
Jungle near Klong Son, on the ground.
1) As to the other Polyporaceae see the preceding paper by Rostrup (p. 357).
CONTENT OF PRECEDING PARTS.
Part I.
Jous. ScumipT: Introductory. F. KrRANzLIN: Orchidaceae, Apostasiaceae.
Part II. M. Fosuie: Corallinaceae.
Part Ill. C. B. CLARKE: Cyperacone: E. HackeL: Gramineae. H. Curist: Pteridophyta (Selaginella auct. G. Hieronymus). V. F. BROTHERUS: Biyales.
Part IV, W. West and G.S. West: Fresh Water Chlorophyceae, TH. REINBOLD: Marine Algae (Chlorophyceae, Phaeophyceae, Dictyo- tales,” Rhodophyceae). M. Gomont: Myxophyceae hormogoneae. Jous. Scum: Peridiniales.
Part V.
C. B. CLarKE: Compositae, Umbelliferae.
Jous. Scummpt: Rhizophoraceae.
Ove PavLsen: Fagaceae.
'F. K. Ravn: Loranthaceae.
Eve. Warmine: Podostemaceae.
C. H. OstenFELD: Hydrocharitaceae, Lemnaceae, Pontederiaceae, Pota- mogetonaceae, Gentianaceae (Limnanthemum), Nymphaeaceae.
H. Harms: Leguminosae.
K. Scuumann: Scitamineae.
A.. ENGLER: Araceae. ,
F. SrepHani: Hepaticae.
PRELIMINARY REPORT ON THE BOTANICAL RESULTS. OF THE DANISH EXPEDITION TO SIAM (1899-1900).
Flora of Koh Chang.
Contributions to the knowledge of the vegetation in the Gulf. of Siam.
By.
Johs. Schmidt.
Part VII.
C. H. Ostenfeld: Marine Plankton Diatoms. E. 6strup: Fresh-Water Diatoms. « F. Heim; Dipterocarpacee.
Reprinted. from Botanisk Tidsskrift Vol. 25. August 1902.
Copenhagen. Printed by Bianco Luno.
1902.
Flora of Koh Chang.
Contributions to the knowledge of the vegetation in the Gulf of Siam.
By
Johs. Schmidt.
Part VII.
(C. H. Ostenfeld: Marine Plankton Diatoms. — E. Ostrup: Fresh-water Diatoms. — F. Heim: Dipterocarpaceae.)
Marine Plankton Diatoms by C. H. Ostenfeld — Copenhagen.
The following list of marine Plankton Diatoms is the result of an examination of the same 10 samples from which Johs. Schmidt?) has published the Peridiniales. All the samples were obtained from the surface of the Sea in the inner part of the Gulf of Siam and were preserved in formaline.
This is a list of the samples collected:
No. 1. 25/12 1896. Strait between Lem Ngob and Koh Chang. » 2 % 1900. Between Koh Kahdat and Koh Kut. » 3 #1 1900. S. of Koh Chang. » 4. 8/1 1900. W. of Koh Chang, N. of Koh Savan. » Dd. 1/1, 1900. W. of Koh Chang, 8. of Koh Savan. ,» 6. 18/, 1900. S. of Koh Chang. , 7. 2/1, 1900. North End of Koh Kut. , & 78/1 1900. 7 miles S. of Koh Kut. , 9 4/1 1900. 18 miles W. of Koh Chang. 10. 24/3 1900. 1—2 miles 8. of Koh Kram.
”
1) Johs. Schmidt: Peridiniales, in Flora of Koh Chang, Part IV, p. 129. Reprinted from Botanisk Tidsskrift. Vol. 24, Aug. 1901.
220 2
The sample No.1 is rather rich, but the main part consists of detritus and the few present diatoms are partly dead and broken; the samples No.2 to No.7 also contain but few Diatoms and Nos. 8 and 9 nearly none, while they are rich in Trichodesmium and Hleliotrichum; they are of a more oceanic character than the other samples. On the other hand the sample No. 10 (gathered in March) is very rich in Diatoms as well in quality as in quantity, and it looks to me as if the coast-water in the Gulf of Siam in the spring produces a rich plankton, just as in our more temperate waters.
With regard to Plankton type in Cleve’s sense, I must admit that most of the present samples ought to be classified among » Tropical Neritic Plankton‘), except Nos.8 and 9 which belong to ,Desmoplankton*, —
In the list the genera are arranged about as in F. Schiitt: Bacillariaceae in Engler & Prantl, Nattirliche Pflanzenfamilien, 1, 1b, 1896.
Behind the number of the sample I have indicated in brackets the frequency of the species by the ordinary plankton-symbols of frequency, Viz.:.
¢ means predominant
+ , vrather common
roy ~~ «rare
ry, very rare (only a few specimens seen). Bacillariaceae.
A. Centricae.
Coscinodisceae.
Hyalodiscus Ehbg. 1. HL sp.
A very delicate Hyalodiscus without any visible structure is not rare in the samples.
2(r) — 87) — 4(r) — 5(r) — 6 (rr) — Terr) — 10(rr).
‘) P. T, Cleve: The Seasonal Distribution of Atlantic Plankton Organisms. Gdteborg. 1900, p. 24. [In the list abbreviated to , Atl. Plankt. Organisms*“.}
Stephanopyxis Ehbg.
Q. §. Palmeriana (Grev.) Grun., Diat. Franz Joseph Land p. 38; A. Schmidt, Atlas d. Diat. Kunde, Pl. 130, f.1, Pl. 123, f. 41 (f. javanica Grun.); Leuduger-Fortmorel, Diatomées de la Malaisie, Ann. du Jard. bot. de Buitenzorg, XI, 1893, p. 45; Otto Miller, Ber. Deutsch. Botan. Gesellsch. 1901, Bd. 19, p.196, f.1. Creswellia Palmeriana Grev., Trans. Microsc. Soc. 1865, p.2, Pl. 1, f.9; Cleve, Diat. f. the Sea of Java, Bih. till K. Svenska Vet. Akad. Handl. Bd. 1, 11, 1873, p. 8.
10 (rr).
Area: Neritic species, found in the Malay Archipelago, South China Sea, Avafura Sea, Australia.
Sceletonema Grev.
3. §. costatum (Grev.) Cleve, Diat. of the Sea of Java, 1873, p.7: Leuduger-Fortmorel, ]. ¢. p. 47; Van Heurck, Synopsis Pl. 91, f. 4; de Wildeman, Prodrome de la flore algologique des Indes Néerlandaises, 1897, p. 180; Lemmermann, Planktonalgen, Ergebnisse einer Reise nach dem Pacific, Abh. Nat. Verein, Bremen, XVI, 2, 1899, p. 317 and 329; Cleve, Atl. Plankton Organisms, p. 351; A Treatise of Phytoplankton, Upsala, 1897, p. 25; Pl. f. the Indian Ocean and the Malay Archipelago, p. 23, K. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl. 35, No.5, 1901 [1909].
1(4) — 2(rr) — 6 (rr).
Area: Baltic, North Sea, Coasts of British Isles, Ireland, Shetland to Westmannaé (South of Iceland). Gulf of Bengal, Malay Archipelago, Pearl Har-
bour at Oahu (Sandwich Islands). Certainly a neritic species of the temperate and subtropical regions of all oceans.
Coscinodiscus Ehbg.
4. (. bengalensis Grun., Van Heurck, Synopsis, Pl. 132, f.9; Rattray, Coscinodiscus, Proc. Royal Soc. Edinburgh, vol. 16, 1888—89, p. 580; Cleve, Pl. f. the Ind. Ocean and the Malay Archip., p. 20.
I refer a small form with radially arranged rows of very fine markings to this species.
2(rr) — 3 (rr).
Area: Gulf of Bengal, Malay Archipelago.
5. ©. excentricus Ehbg., Abh. Berl. Akad. 1839, p. 146, Mikrogeo- logie tab. 18. f. 32, tab. 21, f. 6; Van Heurck, Synopsis, Pl. 130, f. 4, 7; Leuduger-Fortmorel, 1. c. p. 44; de Wildeman, 1. c. p.143; Cleve, Atl. Plankt. Organisms, p. 318; Pl. f. the S. Atlantic and the S. Indian Ocean, Ofv. af K. Sv. Vetensk. Férhandl. 1900, No. 8 [1901], p. 930; Pl. f. the Ind. Ocean and the Malay Archip., p. 20.
Lo iN) is) bs
2(rr) — 6 (rr). Area: Found in all the Oceans, mostly along the coasts.
6. (. Janischii A. Schmidt, Atl. d. Diat. Kunde, Pl. 64, f. 3, 4. Rattray, Coscinodiscus, p. 543 and v. arafurensis p. 544; Grunow, Denksch. d. Wiener Akad. d. Wissensch. 1884, p. 76; C. arafurensis var. nov. Castr., Challenger Report, Botany, Vol. II, 1886, p. 153, Pl. 2, f.4; C. craspedo- discus Castr. ibid. P].3, f.5; C. Janischii Cleve, Pl. f. the Indian Ocean and the Malay Archip. p. 20.
3 (rr) — 10 (rr).
Area: Gulf of Bengal, Malay Archipelago, Arafura Sea.
7. €. nobilis Grun., Journ. Roy. Microsc. Soc. 1879, p. 687, Pl. 1, f.1; Leuduger-Fortmorel, |. c. p.45; Rattray, Coscinodiscus, p.545; Cleve, Pl. f. the Ind. Ocean and the Malay Archip. p. 20 and p. 56; C. papuanus Castr., Challenger Report p. 154, PI. 3, f. 3.
The form observed resembles very much C. papuanus Castracane l.¢.; it is about 250—300y in diameter; and I am following Professor Cleve in regarding C. papuanus as a form of C. nobilis.
3 (+) — 10(rr).
Area: Great Britain. Gulf of Guinea, Malay Archipelago, Arafura Sea, South China Sea.
8. ¢. oculus ividis Ehbg., Abhandl. Berl. Akad. 1839, p. 147; C. centralis var. nov., Castr., Challenger, Pl. 2, fig. 3.
A form which agrees very well with the that figured by Castracane l.¢., was found sparingly in one of the samples.
3 (rr).
Area: Found in all Oceans.
9. G.radiatus. Ehbg., Abhandl, Berl. Akad. 1839, p.148, P13, f. Lac.
Forms, which I refer to this species, were found rather sparingly in most of the samples.
A(r) — 38(rr) — 4(rr) — 6 (rr) — 7(@r) — 10(rr)
Area: Found in all Oceans.
Palmeria Grev.
10. P. Hardmaniana Grev., Van Heurck, Treatise on the Diatomaceae 1896, p. 538, f. 286; Cleve, Pl. f. the Indian Ocean and the Malay Archip. p. 22 and p. 56.
The interesting form of which I have given some figures, belongs to. the genus Palmeria and 1 prefer identifying it with the only known species P. Hardmaniana, although the figure by Van Heurck is rather different. My specimens are very delicate, 500—650 w long and 250—
) 223
300 4 broad, the valves are semi-lunate with very fine radiating points, hyaline central space and coarser points within the margins, but the more robust striz which Van Heurck |. c. p.539 mentions, are only obscure in my form. The girdle is very unequal, narrow on the straight side and very broad on the curved side, so that the whole frustule resembles a piece of an orange.
Curious is a curved fissure on the valves; in most specimens which I have seen, this fissure was a place of refuge for a little protist, probably
. . Fig. 2. Palmeria Hardmaniana Grey. Fig. 1. Palmeria ae aha Mee STEN ; showing the Amphorella’s fixed to the scale. (29°) L
Hardmaniana Grey. Cells in different views (42).
an Amphorella borealis (Hensen) Dad., var. nov.; the small, more or less numerous, organisms were fixed to the inner nae of the fissure.
Chromatophores are numerous, small, dispersed on the inner side of the frustules; the nucleus is placed close to the one vaive.
Professor Cleve J. c. seems to take this Jarge diatom as an assym- metrical form of Coscinodiscus nobilis, but 1 am quite convinced that this is not the case; on the other hand I believe, that the genus Palmeria is close to Coscinodiseus, and that Schtitt in Engler & Prantl has made a mistake in placing his Lwodia (incl. Palmeria) among the Biddulphioideue, remote from the Discoideae. 1 should prefer placing it close to the genera Ethmodiscus and Coscinodiseus.
3(rr) — Tr) — Lot).
Area: Malay Archipelago, China.
Actinodisceae.
Asterolampra Ehbg.
11. A. rotula Grev. in Transact. Microsc. Soc. 1860, p. 111, Pl. 3, f.5; Lemmermann, |. ¢. p. 317 and 319, Pl. 2, f. 35; Ostenfeld & Schmidt, P]. f. the Red Sea etc., Vid. Medd. Nath. For. Kjobenhavn, 1901, p. 152; Schréder, Phytoplankton des Golfes von Neapel, Mitteil. a. d. Zool. Stat. zu
294 6
Neapel, Bd. XIV, 1900, p. 22; Cleve, Atl. Plankt. Organisms, p. 283; Pl. f. the Indian Ocean and the Malay Archip. p. 17; A. Grevillei var. adriatica Grun. in Van Heurck, Synopsis, Pl. 127, f. 12.
2 (rr) — 10 (rr).
Area: Tropical Western Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean, Gulf of Aden, Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean near the Sandwich Islands.
Asteromphalus Ehbg.
12. A. flabellatus (Bréb.) Grev., Quart. Journ. Microsc. Soc. 1859, p. 160, Pl. 7, f.4; Van Heurck, Synopsis, Pl. 127, f.5,6 (var. tergestina) ; Cleve, Pl. f. the Ind. Ocean and the Malay Archip., p. 17; Diat. f. the Sea of Java, 1873, p.5; Leuduger-Fortmorel, 1c. p. 43.
7 (rr).
Area: Mediterranean; Malay Archipelago, South China and Japan Seas; in Guano from Peru and California.
Solenieae. Corethron Castr.
13. €. eriophilum Castr., Challenger Report, p. 85, Pl. 21, f. 12, 14, 15; Cleve, Pl. f. the S. Atl. and the S. Ind. Ocean, p. 929; Pl. f. the Ind. Ocean and the Malay Archip., p.20; Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Pl. f. the Red Sea, etc., p. 156; C. Aystriz Hensen, V. Bericht der Kommiss. in Kiel 18838, Pl. 5, f. 49; Cleve, Fish. Board for Scotland, 1896, p. 298, f. 15; Atl. Plankt. Organisms, p. 315; Lemmermann, |. c. p. 318.
10 (rr).
“Area: Eastern part of Atlantic Ocean from Iceland southwards, Red Sea
and Gulf of Aden, Antarctic Ocean (S. Atlantic and S. Indian Ocean) 32° §.—45° S. and 6° W.—91° E,, Pacific Ocean at Vancouver Island.
14. . pennatum (Grun.) Ostf. ms.; Acéiniscus pennatus Grun. in Van Heurck, Synopsis, Pl. 82 bis, f. 11, 12; Corethron hispidum Castracane, Challenger Report, p.86, Pl. 21, f. 3,5; Lemmermann, l.c. p. 380, Pl. 3, f. 37, 43—46,; Cleve, Pl. f. the Ind. Ocean and the Malay Archip., p. 20; Pl. f. the S. Atl. and the S. Indian Ocean, p. 980; ?C. Murrayanum Castr. lc. p. 86, Pl. 21, f. 4.
I should think that the fragment figured in Van Heurck’s Synopsis as Actiniscus pennatus, is the same form as known as Corethron hispi- dum Castr. (incl. C. Murrayanum which only differs from the typical C. hispidum in the smooth valves), and consequently the name pennatus has the priority.
6 (rr).
Area: Antarctic Ocean (S. Atlantic and S. Indian Ocean), Pacific Ocean at Vancouver Island.
Lauderia Cleve.
15. I. annulata Cleve, Diat. f. the Sea of Java 1873, p.8, Pl. J, f.7; Peragallo, Monogr. du Genre Rhizosolenia (Le Diatomiste Vol. 1, 1892), p. 105, PI. 1, fig. 11; Castr., Challenger p. 89, Pl. VIII, f.7; Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Pl. from the Red Sea, etc. p. 158; Leuduger-Fortmorel, 1. c. p. 47; Gran, Nyt Magaz. Naturv. Kristiania, 1900, p. 109, PI. IX, f. 1-—4; Cleve, Pl. f. the Indian Ocean and the Malay Archip. p. 21; non Cleve, Phytoplankton PI. Il, fig. 18—15.
Lar) — 3(+) — 4(rr) — 6(rr) — 100).
_ Area: Red Sea, Gulf of Bengal, Malay Archipelago, Antarctic Ocean.
Detonula (Schitt) Gran.
16. D. delicatula (Perag.) Gran, Nyt Magaz. Naturv. 1900, p. 112; Lauderia delicatula Perag., Monogr. Rhiz. p. 105, Pl. i, f. 13; Cleve, Phytoplankton, p. 24, Pl. 2, f. 21; Schréder, Neapel p. 23, Pl. 1, f. 9a, b; Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Pl. f. the Red Sea, etc. p. 157.
A species of Detonula which IJ refer with some hesitation to D. delicatula, has been found in some of the samples.
1 (rr) — 6 (rr) — 10 (rr).
Area: Tropical Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean, Red Sea(?).
17. D. Moseleyana (Castr.) Gran, Nyt Magaz. Naturv. 1900, p. 113; Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Plankt. from the Red Sea, etc. p. 157; Lauderia? Moseleyana Castr., Challenger Report, p. 90, Pl. 24, f. 9; Monogr. Rhiz., p. 105, Pl. 1, f. 10.
2 (rr) — 38(rr).
Area: Red Sea, Arafura Sea.
Leptocylindrus Cleve.
18. L. danicus Cleve, Kanonbaaden ,Hauch‘s Togter, Kjobenhavn, p. 54 (1879); Bih. t. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl. XX, 3, No.2, p. 15, Pl. 2, f. 4,5; Schréder, Neapel, p.25; Cleve, Pl. f. the Red Sea, p. 1033; Pl. f. the Indian Ocean and the Malay Archip. p. 21; Atl. Plankt. Organisms p. 332.
6(rr) — 10 (rr).
Area: Eastern temperate Atlantic Ocean from Ferées and Norway south- wards to Spain, Mediterranean, Red Sea, Malay Archipelago.
Dactyliosolen Castr.
19. BD. antarcticus Castr., Challenger Report p. 75, Pl. 9, f. 7; Pera- gallo, Monogr. Rhiz. p. 104, Pl. 1, fig. 7; Cleve, Atl. Plankt. Organisms 15
296 8 p. 323; Pl. f. the S. Atlantic and the S. Indian Ocean p. 932; Pl. f. the Indian Ocean and the Malay Archip. p. 21.
Q(rr) — 6(r).
Area: Eastern and Northern Atlantic Ocean, Antarctic Ocean, South Indian Ocean at 42°—45° 5S. and 3° W. to 48° E.
20. D. mediterraneus Perag., Monogr. Rhiz. p.104, Pl. 1, f. 8, 9; Schréder, Neapel p. 24; Cleve, Pl. f. the S. Atl. and S. Ind. Ocean p. 932; Pl. f. the Red Sea, Ofv. af K. Sv. Vetensk. Akad. Férhandl. 1900, No. 9 [1901], p. 1033; Atl. Plankt. Organisms p. 324; Pl. f. the Indian Ocean and the Malay Archip. p. 21; Ostenfeld, Vid. Medd. Nath. For. Kjabenhavn, 1898, p. 428; Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Pl. f. the Red Sea, etc. p. 157.
Q(+) — 4&(rr) — S(rr) — 6(4+) — 7 (rr) — 10 (tr).
Area: Temperate North Atlantic Ocean, Tropical Atlantic at Puerto Ca-
bello, Southern Atlantic and Indian Ocean at 42°—44° S. and 3° W.—48° E., Mediterranean, Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Bengal, Malay Archipelago.
Lauderiopsis Ostf.
91, I. costata Ostf. in Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Pl. f. the Red Sea, etec., p- 158, f. 10.
This genus forms a connecting link between Lauderia, Dactyliosolen and Guinardia.
2(r) — 6(4). Area: Red Sea.
Guinardia Perag.
29. G, flaccida (Castr.) Perag., Monogr. Rhiz. p. 107, Pl. 1, f.83—5; de Wildeman, |. c. p. 122; Schréder, Neapel, p. 24; Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Pl. f. the Red Sea etc., p. 158; Cleve, Atlant. Plankt. Organisms p. 328; Pl. f. the Indian Ocean and the Malay Archip. p.21; Rhizosolenia? flac- cida Castr. Challenger p. 74, Pl. 29, f. 4.
3(r) — 6(rr) — 10(rr).
Area: Temperate Atlantic Ocean from Norway southwards to 16° N., Me- diterranean, Red Sea, Arafura Sea, Malay Archipelago.
Rhizosolenia (Ehbg.) Btw.
23. JR. alata Btw., Micr. Journ. 1858, p. 96, Pl. 5, f..7; Cleve, Diat. f. the Sea of Java, 1873, p. 11; Leuduger-Fortmorel, 1. c. p. 36; de Wil- deman, |. c. p. 123; Grunow, Novara Exp. p. 28; Peragallo, Monogr. Rhiz. p. 115, Pl. 5, f.11: Schréder, Neapel p. 26; Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Red Sea p. 159; Cleve, Phytoplankton p, 24; Atlant. Plankt. Organisms p. 337; Red Sea p. 1034; -Pl. f. the Atlant. and Indian Ocean p. 934; Pl. f. the Ind. Ocean and the Malay Archip. p. 22.
9 227
2(rr) — 10 (rr).
Area: Atlantic Ocean from N. of Iceland to 41° 3., Mediterranean, Red Sea, Indian Ocean to 33°S., Malay Archipelago, Pacific Ocean southwards to 8. of New Zealand.
R. alata Btw. var. gracillima (Cl.) Van Heurck, Synopsis, Pl. 79, f. 8, 10; Peragallo, Monogr. Rhiz. p. 115, Pl. 5, fig. 12; Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Pl. f. the Red Sea, etc. p. 160; Cleve, Pl. f. the Red Sea p. 1034; Atl. Plankt. Organisms, p. 342; Pl. f. the Indian Sea and the Malay Archipelago p. 23; ER. gracillima Cleve, New Diatoms, K. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl. Bd. 18, 5, 1881, p. 26, Pl. VI, f. 78; Phytoplankton p.24; Schréder, Neapel,
p. 26. 2(rr) — 4(rr) — 10 (x). Area: Most parts of the Atlantic Ocean, Medi- Fig, 3.
terranean, Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, Malay Archipelago. Phizosolenia alata Btw.
var. indica (Perag.) Ostf. Two cells with different directions of the calyptra.
R. alata Btw. var. indica (Perag.) Ostf. in Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Pl]. f. the Red Sea, etc. p. 160; RK. indica Peragallo, Monogr. Rhiz. p. 116, Pl. 5, f.16; FR. alata v. corpulenta Cleve, Phytoplankton p.24, Pl.2, ffl; Atl. Plankt. Organisms p.340; R. corpulenta Cleve, Pl. of the Ind. Ocean and Malay Archip. p. 22; R. quadrijuncta Peragallo, Monogr. Rhiz. p. 116, Pl. 5, f. 17.
Certainly the R. indica and R. quadrijuncta of Peragallo belong to the same species and this is further identical with the var. corpulenta of Cleve. I have given two sketchs of the calyptre, showing different directions of the upper part.
1 (rr) — 2(rr) — 3(rr) — 10(4).
Area: Tropical and Subtropical Atlantic, Red Sea. Gulf of Aden, Indian Ocean, Malay Archipelago, Yeddo Bay.
24. KR. amputata Ostf., n. sp. (sect. Squa- mosae Perag.).
Frustules large, 80—100 » broad; val- ves (calyptree) long-conic; squamee 5 in cir- cumference; spine transversely cut off, with an excavation at the apex and a cavity in
Fig. 4.
Rhizosolenia amputata Ostf. the lower part. Chromatophores numerous, ee z
a a whole cell (+), 0 part
of a cell (A), ¢ the apex Allied to R. arafurensis Castr. (Challenger showing the form of the
Report, p. 74, Pl. 30, f. 12; Peragallo, Monogr. spine (42°),
15*
small.
998 10
Rhiz. p. 11, Pl. 3, £6), from whieh it differs mainly in the form of the spine.
LO (1).
25. R. ealear avis Schultze in Miill. Arch. 1858, p. 339, Pl. 13, f. 5—10; Pevagallo, Monogr. Rhiz. p. 113, Pl. 4, f.9,10; Cleve, Diat. f. the Sea of Java, p. 11; AU. Plankt. Organismus, p. 339; Pl. f. the Ind. Ocean and the Malay Archip. p. 22; Schroder, Neapel, p. 26.
The type has been found in a few specimens, which are quite like the specimens from the North Sea, but commonly it is remplaced by the variely, var. cochlea, mentioned below.
L (vr) — 10 (rr).
Area: Along the Atlantic coasts of Europe, Africa and America; Mediter- ranean, Malay Archipelago.
R. calear avis Schultze, var. cochlea (Brun) Ostf. ms.; R. cochlea Brun, Diat. foss. et pelag. L891, p. 43, Pl.19, £9; Peragallo, Monogr. Rhiz. p. 113, Pl. 4, f. 11; Cleve, Pl. f. the Ind. Ocean and the Malay Archip. p. 22 and p.56, PI.8, f.12; Leuduger-Fortmorel, 1. ¢. p. 36; de Wildeman, Ics WelQs:
Cleve has figured a fragment of a frustule showing numerous, small chromatophores grouped in oblique or spirally twisted bands, but the rather numerous specimens which I have seen, had the small chromatophores in more or less distinct longitudinal bands. I consider it a variety of R. calcar avis, corresponding to the var. indica
of R. alata. ahs aS MET CRNC oh ae I TEE Se AO lee (Brun) Ostf. (22°). Area: Indian Ocean, Malay Archipelago.
Vig. 6. Rhizosolenia Clevei Ostf. (222).
bo iS) le)
11
26. KR. Clevei Ostf., n. sp. (sect. Squamosae Perag.).
Frustules large, 175—200 » broad; squamee 5 in circumference; spine as in R. styliformis; lines of the connection-surface with two thickened parts for the basal part of the spine; chromatophores numerous, small.
This interesting species is allied to R. Debyana Perag. It is the only species besides FR. styliformis Btw., which includes the peculiar Richelia intracellularis Schmidt (in Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Pl. f. the Red Sea, p. 146, f. 2).
Q(rr) — 5(rr) — 7 (+) — 10(rr).
27. KR. eylindrus Cleve, Phytoplankton p- 24, Pl. 2, f. 12; Atl.” Plankt. Organisms p. 341; Schréder, Neapel p. 26; Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Pl. f. the Red Sea, ete. p. 160.
I have figured two frustules of a form which I regard as &. cylindrus Cl., although the annulations are not quite like those figured by Cleve. The chromatophores are small.
10 (r).
Area: Tropical Atlantic Ocean, especially in its Western parts, Gulf of Naples, Gulf of Fig. 7. Rhizosolenia cy- Aden. : lindrus Cl, (42%),
afar
28. RR. formosa Perag., Diat. de Villefranche p. 91, Pl. 6, f. 43, Monogr. Rhiz. p. 110, Pl.2, f.2; Cleve, Pl. f. the Indian Ocean and the Malay Archip. p. 23; Schréder, Neapel p. 25.
3 (rr).
Area: Mediterranean, Malay Archipelago.
29, R. hyalina Ostf. in Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Pl. f. the Red Sea, p. 160, f. 11; RB. pellucida Cleve, Pl. f. the Indian Ocean and the Malay Archipelago p.23 and p. 56, Pl. 8, f. 4.
A(r) — 3(rr) — 10(+).
Area: Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, Malay Archipelago.
30. It. imbricata Btw., Microsc. Journ. 1858, Vol. VI, p. 95, Pl. 5, f.6; Cleve, Diat. f. the Sea of Java p. 11; Van Heurck, Synopsis Pl. 79, f.5,6; Peragallo, Monogr. Rhiz. p.113, Pl. 5, f. 2,3; Schréder, Neapel p. 26; Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Pl. f. the Red Sea etc. p.161; Cleve, Pl. f. the Indian Ocean and the Malay Archip. p. 23; &. striata Grev., Diat. South Pacif. IH, p. 334, Pl. 3, f. 4; Peragallo, l.c. p.114, Pl. 5, f. 1; Leuduger-Fortmorel 1. c. p. 36.
930 12
1(rr) — 2(r) — 3(+) — 4(rr) — 6(r) — 7(rr) — 10(+4+). Area: Tropical Atlantic, Mediterranean, Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, Malay Archipelago, South-Indian and Pacifie Oceans.
31. MR. robusta Norman, Pritch. Infus. 1861, p. 866, Pl. 8, f. 42; Leuduger-Fortmorel, 1. c. p. 36; Cleve, Diat. f. the Sea of Java, 1873, p. 11; Castracane, Challenger Rep., P]. 24, f.5; Peragallo, Monogr. Rhiz., p. 109, Pl. Il, f. 1, fa, Pl. Ill, f. 1, 2; Cleve, Phytoplankton, p.25; Atl. Plankt. Organisms, p. 345; Pl. f. the Red Sea p. 1034; Pl. f. the Indian Ocean and Malay Archip. p. 23; Schréder, Neapel p. 25; Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Pl. f. the Red Sea, etc. p. 161.
1 (rr) — 2(rr) — 3(rr) — 6 (rr) — S(rr) — 10 (rr).
Area: Tropical Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean, Red Sea, Indian Ocean, Malay Archipelago, Pacific Ocean.
32. R. setigera Btw., Microsc. Journ. 1858, p. 95, Pl. 5, f. 7; Van Heurck, Synops. Pl. 78, f.6—8; Peragallo, Monogr. Rhiz. Pl. 4, f. 15, 16, non f.12—14; Hensen, Fiinfter Ber. Komm. Deutsch. Meere in Kiel, 1887, Pl. V, f. 38a, b, ¢; Cleve, Fish. Board for Scotland 1896, p. 301, f. 12; Grunow, Novara Exp. p. 28; Cleve, Diat. f. the Sea of Java p.11; Atl. Plankt. Organisms p. 347; Pl. f. the Ind. Ocean and the Malay Archip. p- 23; Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Red Sea, p. 171; Lemmermann, ].c. p. 317; Leuduger-Fortmorel, 1. c. p. 36; de Wildeman |. c. p. 123; RB. japonica Castr., Challenger p. 72, Pl. 23, f. 7.
The specimens are rather thin and delicate, about 8—10,y broad.
1(r) — 2(rr) — 6 (rr) — 7 (rr) — 10(-+).
Area: Atlantic Coasts of Europe and North of S. America, Mediterranean,
Red Sea, Indian Ocean, Malay Archipelago, Japan Sea, Pacific Ocean. — Neritic species,
33. NR. Shrubsolii Cleve, New Diatoms, 1881, p. 26; Van Heurck, Synopsis, Pl. 79, f.11—13,; Peragallo, Monogr. Rhiz. p. 114, Pl.5, f.8,9; Cleve, Phytoplankton p.25; Atl. Plankt. Organisms p. 347; Pl. f. the Red Sea, p. 1034; Pl. f. the Ind. Ocean and Malay Archip. p. 23; Schréder, Neapel p. 26; Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Pl. f. the Red Sea, etc. p. 161; ?R. atlantica Peragallo, Monogr. Rhiz. p. 114, Pl. 5, f.4—5.
Arr) — 6 (rr) — 10 (rr).
Area: Atlantic Ocean in the Eastern part from the Frrées southwards,
Mediterranean, Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, Indian Ocean, Malay Achipelago, Yeddo Bay.
34, KR. Stolterfothii Perag., Diat. de Villefranche, p. 90, Pl. 6, f. 44; Monogr. Rhiz. p. 108, Pl. 1, f. 17, 18; Cleve, Phytoplankton p. 25; Atl. Plankt. Organisms p. 348; Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Pl. f. the Red Sea, etc.
13 231
p- 161; Cleve, Pl. f. the Ind. Ocean and the Malay Archip. p. 23; Schréder, Neapel p. 25; Lemmermann, l.c. p. 315. ‘
2(r) — 3(rr) — 6(r) — 7(rr) — 10 (+).
Area: Northern Atlantic Ocean, especially in the North Sea and the English
Channel, Mediterranean, Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, Malay Archipelago, China Sea, Yeddo Bay, Cook Strasse (S. of New Zealand). — Neritic species.
35. R. styliformis Btw., Micr. Journ. 1858, p. 96, Pl. 5, f. 5a,b, c,d; Van Heurck, Synopsis Pl. 78, f.1—5, Pl. 79, f. 1,2,4; Peragallo, Monogr. Rhiz. p.111, Pl. 4, f. 1—5; Grunow, Novara Exp. 1870, p.28; Cleve, Diat. f. the Sea of Java p- 11; Atl. Plankt. Organisms p. 349; Pl. f. the S. Atl. Ocean and the S. Ind. Ocean p. 935; Pl. f. the Red Sea p. 1034; Pl. f. the Ind. Ocean and the Malay Archip.; Leuduger-Fortmorel, |. c. p. 36; Lemmermann, |.c. p.315 and p. 317; Schréder, Neapel p. 26.
The type (about 25 ~ broad) is rather common in some samples,
but usually it is replaced by var. latissima, corresponding to the var. indica of R. alata, and var. cochlea of R. calear avis.
10 (++). Area: Most parts of the Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean, Red Sea, Indian Ocean, Malay Archipelago, Pacific Ocean, Antarctic Ocean.
R. styliformis Btw., var. latissima Btw., Microsc. Journ. Pl. 5, f. 5c; R. styliformis var. polydactyla (Castr.) Perag., Monogr. Rhiz. p. 111, Pl. 4, f.7; R. polydactyla Castr., Challenger Report p. 71, Pl. 24, f£.2; Rh. styliformis var. lata Lemmermann, |. c. p. 315 and 351.
c
Differs only from the main species in the size (about 60—70 yw broad).
1(rr) — 4(rr) — 10(-+).
Area: Antarctic Ovean, Malay Archipelago, French Pass at New Zealand.
36. R. Temperei Perag., Diat. Ville- franche p. 91, Pl. 5, f. 40, Monogr. Rhiz. p.110, P.2, f.3; Cleve, Pl. f. the Ind. Ocean and the Malay Archip. p. 22.
var. acuminata Perag., Monogr. Rhiz. p. 1, Pl. 3, f.4; Schréder, Neapel p.25, Pl. 1, f. 6 (f. inaequalis); Cleve, Atl. Plankt. Organisms . p. 336; Limmerm. |. c. p. 317; R. robusta Fig. 8. Rhizosolenia Temperei v. recta (nom. nud.) Ostenfeld, Vid. Medd. Peras. var. acuminata Pavag.
Nath. For, Kiébenh 1898. ». 497 aa whole cell (**). b part of ath. For. Kjobenhavn, > De ‘ a cell (72%). ¢ the apex, sho-
Only the var. aevminata Perag. has been wing the form of the spine found and I should think it to be a distinct (44°),
b a
4)
32 14
ho
species, but I have never seen the true R. Tenperei. I have figured a frustule and a part of it, showing the form of the spine.
3 (rr) — 10 (r).
Area: Of the main species: Mediterranean, Malay Archipelago; of the var. acuminata: Tropical Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean, Pacific Ocean at Sandwichs Islands.
Chaetocereae.
Bacteriastrum Shadcb.
37. B. hyalinum Lauder, Trans. Micr. Soc. 1864, p.8, PI. 3, f. 7a,b; Cleve, Atl. Plankt. Organisms p. 286; PI. f. the Ind. Ocean and the Malay Archip. p. 18 and p. 54; B. spirilluin ex parte and B. varians var. princeps Castr., Challenger pp.83,84, Pl.14, £2, Pl.29, f.1, 3.
This interesting species which Lauder has described and figured in 1863, has been forgotten for long time; Cleve has now pointed out that it is a distinct species and I am of the same opi- nion. I think it must be the same species which Castracane in his report on Challenger-Dia- Rat: Baer toms has figured and named B. varians var.
ee Se princeps and also his figure Pl. 29, f.1 of B.
hyalinum Laud. Part ofa spirillum belongs hereto. The fig. 9 illustrate chain with terminal cell; this species
beneath a terminal cell in ; i side view, showing the i bee ee ear
terminal awns (+2). Area: Malay Archipelago, South China Sea.
38. 8B. yarians Lauder, Trans. Micr. Soc. 1864, p.8, PI. 3, f. 1—6; Cleve, Diat. f. the Sea of Java 1873, p.8; Grunow, Novara Exp., 1870, p- 28; Leuduger-Fortmorel, |. c. p. 36; Cleve, Pl. f. the Ind. Ocean and the Malay Archip. p. 18; Schréder, Neapel p. 26; Van Heurck, Synopsis, Pl. 80, f.3—5; B.varians et var., B. brevispinum et var., B. spirillum ex parte, B. Weallichit, var. hispida Castr., Challenger p. 82—84, Pl. 15, f. 6, 8, Pl. 19, f. 2, PL 23, f£.1,3; Actiniseus varians Van Heurck, Synops. Pl. 82 bis, f. 10; B. symmetricum Leuduger-Fortmorel, 1. c. p.36, Pl. 7, f. t.
I regard all the species described by Gastracane and Leuduger- Fortmore] as belonging to the very variable B. varians.
1(+) — 2(r) — 3(rr) — 4(rr) — 507) — 6(4+) — 7 (rr) — 10 (c).
Area: Mediterranean, Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, Indian Sea, Malay Archipelago, South China Sea. A nearly allied form (var. borealis Ostenfeld, Nyt Magazin, Kristiania, 1901, p. 293, f.5) is common along the Coasts of Western Europe.
15 233
Chaetoceras Ehbg.
39. ¢. anglicum (Grun.) Ostf. ms.; C. (fwreellatus Bail. var.) angli- eus Grun. in Van Heurck, Syn., Pl. 82, f. 3; C. didymus v. longicruris Cleve, Phytoplankton p.21, Pl.I, f.11, non f.17; Schréder, Neapel p. 27; Cleve, Atl. Plankt. Organisms p. 301; Pl. f. the Red Sea, p. 1033; Pl. f. the Indian Ocean and the Malay Archip. p.19; C. longicrure Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Pl. f. the Red Sea p. 154.
There is no doubt that the figure in Van Heurck, Synopsis Pl. 82, f, 3 represents the species which has been named longicruris by Cleve, and consequently the older name anglicus must have the priority.
Q(rr) — 6(tr) — 7(rr) — 10(r).
Area: Subtropical Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean, Red Sea and Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Bengal, Malay Archipelago.
40. (. Aurivillii Cleve, Pl. f. the Ind. Ocean and the Malay Archip. p. 18 and p. 54, P.8, f. 10.
10 (rr).
Area: Tropical Atlantic Ocean (7° N. 53° W.), Malay Archipelago.
41. (@. breve Schiitt, Ber. d. Deutsch-Botan. Gesellsch., 1895, p. 38, f.4a,b; Gran, Nyt Magazin Naturv., Kristiania 1900, p. 121; Ostenfeld, ibidem 1901, p. 295, f.6; Cleve, Pl. f. the Indian Ocean and the Malay Archip. p. 18; C. didymus var. hiemalis Cleve, Phytoplankton p. 21, PL I, f. 18; C. hiemalis Cleve, K. Sv. Vet. Akad. Hand. 32, No. 8, 1900, p.25, f. 9; Atl. Plankt. Organisms p. 304.
Professor Gleve to whom I sent my figure (fig. 10) thinks that the form belongs to the C. breve Schtitt, and I can agree with him. It resembles striking smal] forms of C. Lorenzianum but is easily recognisable by the single chro- matophore and the smooth awns.
Q (rr) — 6 (rr) — 7(rr) — 10 (rr).
Area: Along the coasts of Europe from Westmannaé at Island
southwards to the English Channel; — pig. 10, Chaetoceras breve Schiitt (222), Malay Archipelago. u
42, ( calvum Cleve, Pl. f. the Ind. Ocean and the Malay Archip. p. 18 and p. 54, PI8, f. 11.
234 16
With some hesitation I refer a form which I have seen in some of the samples to the new described C. calvwm Cl. or to C. tortissimum Gran (Nyt Magaz. Naturv. Kristiania 1900, p. 122, Pl. 9, f. 25), those two spe- cies only differing in the number of chromatophores.
3 (rr) — 6(rr) — 10 (rr).
Area: [of U. caluum] Malay Archipelago, [of C. tortissimwm] coasts of the Northern part of Norway.
43. (. elavigera Ostf., n. sp.
Cells solitary or two together, 8—10 broad, mostly broader than long, awns of the one valve shorter and more clavate than those of the other valve; the thickened distal part of the awns with twisted striations and short spines. Valves elliptic. Chromatophore single, in front.
Fig. 11. Chaetoceras clavigera Ostf. (42°),
This very characteristic species seems most allied to C. simplex Ostf. from the Caspian Sea.
6 (+).
44. (. coaretatum Lauder, Trans. Micr. Soc. 1864, p. 79, P.8, f. 8; Cleve, Diat. f. the Sea of Java 1873, p.9. Pl. II, f. 10a,b,c; Leuduger- Fortmorel, 1. c. p. 37; Cleve, Pl. f. the Red Sea p.1032; Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Pl. f. the Red Sea, ete. p. 153; Cleve, Pl. f. the Indian Ocean and the Malay Archip. p. 18 and p.54; C. boreale, v. rudis Cleve, Phytoplankton p- 20, Pl. I, f£.5; C. rudis Cleve, Atl. Plankt. Organisms p. 308.
Chromatophores numerous, small. As Cleve (Pl. f. Ind. Ocean p. 54) has stated, thé chains are often set with vorticells.
Q(rr) — 38(rr) — 4(rr) — 6 (rr) — 7(rr) — S(rr) — 10(r).
Area: Tropical Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean, Red Sea, Indian Ocean,
Malay Archipelago, Hongkong.
45. €. compressum Lauder, Trans. Micr. Soc. 1864, p. 78, Pl. 8, f. 6; Cleve, Diat. f. the Sea of Java-1873, p. 8; Leuduger-Fortmorel, l.c. p. 37; de Wildeman, 1. c. p.133; Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Pl. f. the Red Sea, ete. p. 153; Cleve, Pl. f. the Indian Ocean and the Malay Archip. p. 18 and p.55; C. Kelleri Brun, Espéc. nouvell., Le Diatomiste Il, Pl. XVII, f. 91, 92.
17
b9 racy or
I regard the C. Kelleri Brun which was found in oysters from Japan as identical with the C. compressum Lauder, and I have given a figure of the coarse, tvisted awns of C. compressum in order to show this identity.
1(rr) — 2(r) — 3(rr) — 6(rr) — 10(c). Area: Red Sea, Malay Archipelago, Hongkong. — Neritic species.
Fig. 12. Chaetoceras compressum Laud. Cell with twisted coarse awns,
46. (. didymum Ehbg. (1845); in side view (722), Cleve, Bih. t. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl. Bd. 20, III, No. 2, 1894, p. 18, Pl. 1, f. 3, 4; Gran, Norske Nordhavs Expedition, Protophyta p. 16, Pl. 1, f.8—10 and PI. III, f.37, 38; Cleve, Atl. Plankt. Organisms p. 301; Schréder, Neapel p. 27; C. protuberans Castr., Challenger p. 76, Pl. 8, f.2, non Lauder.
10 (r).
Area: Along the Atlantic Coasts of Europe, Mediterranean, Japan Sea, Puget’s Sound.
47. (. distans Cleve, Diat. f. the Sea of Java 1873, p.9, PI. IL, f. 11 a,b; Leuduger-Fortmorel 1]. ¢. p.37; de Wil- deman, l.c. p.133; Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Pl. f. the Red Sea, etc. p. 154; Cleve, Pl. f. the Indian Ocean and the Malay Archip. 1902, p. 18 and p. 55; non Van Heurck, I.c. Pl. 82, f.4; nec Cleve, Planktonundersékningar, Bih. t. K. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl. B. 20, III, No. 2, 1894, p. 14, PIII, f. 2.
The chromatophore is solitary, the hoop rather narrow (se fig. 13).
1(+) — 2(rr) — 4(rr) — 5 (rr) — 6 (rr) — 7(rr) — 10(-+).
Area: Malay Archipelago, Red Sea.
Fig. 13. Chaetoceras distans Cl. Chain with chromatophores.
48, ¢. diversum Cleve, Diat. f. the Sea of Java 1873, p.9, Pl. Il, f. 12; Leuduger-Fortmorel, lc. p.37; Van Heurck, l.c. Pl. 81, f.4; de Wildeman, J. c. p. 133; Cleve, Atl. Plankt. Organisms, p. 302; Plankt. f. the Ind. Ocean and the Malay Archipelago p. 18; Plankt. f. the Red Sea p. 154; C. diversum v. tenuis Cleve, Phytoplankton p.21, Pl. I, £2; ¢ diversum v. mediterranea Schréder, Phytopl. d. Golfes v. Neapel, Mitteil.
236 i 18
d. Zool. Stat. zu Neapel Bd. 14, 1900, p. 27, Pl. I, fils; ?¢. rude Leu- duger-Fortmorel, ].c. p.37, Pl. VI, f. 1.
The chromatophore is solitary and in front.
Rather common: 1(c) — 2(c) — 3(r) — 4(rr) — 5(@r) — 6(+) — 7 (r) 10 (+).
Area: Tropical neritic form, noted from Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean, Red Sea, Indian Ocean, Malay Archipelago.
49, (, javanicum Cleve, Diat. f. the Sea of Java 18738, p. 10, Pl. 2, f. 13; Pl. f. the Indian Ocean and the Malay Archip. p.19 and p. 55; Leuduger-Fortmorel |]. c. p. 37.
Fig. 14. Chaetoceras javanicum Cl. Chain in front view, cell in side view (7°).
This species is, as Cleve has lately stated, nearly akin to C. Schiittit Cl., if not identical; I have found some spores belonging to this species and they are about as the spores of C. Schiittii, both valves being spini- ferous. It has one chromatophore in front; the terminal awns are diverging at an acute angle and thickened; the other awns are thin and turn off towards the ends of the chains; seen
Fig. 15, Chaetoceras javanicum Cl. ee: Chain with SidoRpDres in from the valves they have a characteristic.
front view (424). curvature as shown in the figure.
19 237
.1 (rv) — 6 (rr) — 10(+). Area: Malay Archipelago.
50. @. laeve Leud.-Fortm., lc. p.38, Pl. 6, f. 2.
Leuduger-Fortmorel has (in his treatise on the diatoms of \ the Malay Archipelago) described \ and figured two species of Chae- toceras, viz. C. rude and‘ C. laeve. The first of those is only a form of C. diversum Cleve, but the latter is a distinct species of which | here give a figure; it is related to C. diversum, but the thickened intercalary awns are smooth and | of a characteristic curvature, first } being nearly parallel and then H abruptly turning off at a right angle. Chromatophore a single plate in front. Breadth of the cells 9-16.
1 (+) — 6(rr) ~ 10(+).
Area: Sea of Java.
51. €. Lorenzianum Grun., Verhandl. d. k. k. zool.-botan. Ge- sellsch., Wien 1863, p. 157, Pl. 14, f. 13; Cleve, Diat. f. the Sea of Java, 1873, p.9; Leuduger-Fort- morel, 1. c. p.37; de Wildeman, lic. p. 184; Van Heurck, Synopsis Pl. 82, f.2; Cleve, Phytoplankton, . p.21, Pl. I, f.13—15; Schréder, Fig. 16. enenertas Wece Leud.-Fortm. lc. p.29; Cleve, Pl. f. the Red Cr).
Sea p. 1033; Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Pl. f. the Red Sea, etc. p. 154; Cleve, Pl. f. the Ind. Ocean and the Malay Archip. p.19; Atl. Plankt. Organisms p. 806; C. cellulosum Lauder, Trans. Micr. Soc. 1864, p. 78, Pl. 8, f. 12; C. distans, forma setis evidentius punctatis Van Heurck, Syn. P. 82, f. 4.
Rather common: 1(+) — 2(rr) — 3(rr) — 6 (rr) — 10(e).
Area: Atlantic from North Sea southwards, Mediterranean, Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, Indian Ocean, Malay Archipelago, Hongkong.
52. ©. paradoxum Cleve, Diat. f. the Sea of Java 1873, p.10, Pl. 3, f.16; Pl. f. the Ind. Ocean and the Malay Archip. p.19 and p.55; Leu- duger-Fortmorel ].¢. p. 37.
2(rr) — 10 (rr).
Area: Malay Archipelago.
938 20
53. ©. peruvianum Btw., Microsc. Journ. 1856, p. 107, PI. 7, f. 16 —18; Cleve, Fish. Board for Scotland, 1896, p. 299, f. 7; Leuduger-Fort- morel, l.c. p.37; Cleve, Pl. f. the Indian Ocean and the Malay Archip. p.19; Pl f. the S. Atlantic and the S. Indian Ocean, p. 929; Pl. f. the Red Sea p. 1033; Lemmermann |. c. p. 317.
This species is very variable; several new species have been described upon forms of it, but it seems incorrect to me to give them specific range. I should think they are to be arranged in three groups after their coarseness and size, viz.:
f. 1, volans (Schiitt). Rather slender, awns rather thin: C. volans Schiitt, Ber. d. Deutsch. Botan. Gesellsch. 1895, f.20, C. currens Cleve, Fish. Board for Scotland, p. 299, f. 8. Arctic and northern Atlantie form.
f. 2, typica. Intermediate between 1 and 3; C. peruvianum Btw. l.e.; Cleve, lc. p.299, f.7; Schréder, Neapel p. 29, Pl.1, f. 4 (f. gra- cilis). Tropical parts of the Oceans.
f. 3, robusta Cleve. Coarse and with coarse awns. C. peruvianum v. robustum Cleve, Diat. f. the Sea of Java, 1873, Pl. 2, f. 8; C. boreale? Lauder, Transact. Microsc. Soc. Vol. 12, 1863, Pl. 7, f.7; C. robustum Ost. in Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Pl]. f. the Red Sea, ete. p. 145; C. eurvatwm Castr., Challenger Report p. 78. Tropical and Antarctic parts of the Oceans.
f..2: 1(rr) — 2(rr) — 3 (rr) — 6 (2).
f. 3: 1 (rr) — 10(4).
Area: Arctic and Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean, Red Sea, Indian Ocean, Malay Archipelago, China Sea, Pacific Ocean, Antarctic Ocean.
54. . pseudocrinitum Ostf., Nyt Magaz. Naturv., Kristiania, 1901, p- 300, f.11; C. erinitum Gran, Norske Nordhays Expedition, Protophyta 1897, p. 22, Pl. 4, f.51, non Schiitt, 1895.
This little species which I have described’ from Danish waters and
which Gran has found on the Norwegian coasts, was also met with in the Gulf of Siam, but sparingly.
10 (rr). Area: Limfjord, Kattegat, Coast of Norway.
55. €. Ralfsii Cleve, Diat. f. the Sea of Java 1873, p.10, Pl. IU, f. 15; Leuduger-Fortmorel, 1. c, p.37; de Wildeman, 1. ¢. p. 134; Cleve, Pl. f. the Indian Ocean and the Malay Archipelago, p.19 and p.55; non Van Heurck, Syn., Pl. 82 bis, f. 3.
The chromatophore is solitary and in front.
(er) — 6 (rr).
Area: Malay Archipelago.
56. (. rostratum Laud., Trans. Microsc. Soc. 1864, p. 79, Pls.
f. 10; Cleve, Pl. f. the Ind. Ocean and the Malay Archip. p. 19; Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Pl. f. the Red Sea, etc., p. 155.
a4 939
This species belongs to the subgenus Phaeoceras Gran, which has numerous small chromatophores, also in the awns.
10 (r).
Area: Red Sea, Malay Archipelago, South China Sea.
57. (. Schmidtii Ostf. in Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Plankt. f. the Red Sea, etc. p. 155, f£.8; 2C. Weissflogii Cleve, Pl. f. the Indian Ocean and the Malay Archip. p. 15 and p.55, non Schiitt.
This species which I have described from the Red Sea, occurs also in the Gulf of Siam; and I suppose that it is“the same which Cleve l. c. has identified with C. Weissflogii with hesitation.
10 (r).
Area: Red Sea, Malay Archipelago (?).
58. (€. secundum Cleve, Diat. f. the Sea of Java 1873, p. 10, Pl. I, f,14a,b; Leuduger-Fortmorel, 1. c. p. 37; de Wildeman, |. c. p. 134; Van Heurck, Synops., Pl. 82, f.5; C. curvisetum Cleve, Pl. f. the Ind. Ocean and the Malay Archipelago 1902, p. 18 and p.55, non Cleve, in Kanonbaaden Hauchs Togter, Kj6- benhavn, 1889, p.55 with fig.
Professor Cleve supposes (in his last paper (1.c.1902, p.55)) that the Indian C. secundum is the same as C. curvisetum from the Temperate Atlantic, but I can not enter upon this opinion, as the spores of C. secundum figured by Cleve himself (1873, Pl. Il, f. 14a) are rather different from the spores of C. curvisetum (see Gran, Protophyta, Pl. II, f. 22).
Q (rr) — 3 (r) — 4(rr) — 5 (rr) — 6(rr) — 10(r).
Area: Malay Archipelago.
59. €. siamense Ostf. n. sp.
Chains straight, about 50 broad; valves circular; fora- mina lanceolate; hoop at least a third part of the cell; chro- matophores two, close to the valves; awns all alike, rather robust, undulated; the one about in the sagittal plane, the other diverging at a nearly Fig. 17. Chaetoceras siamense Ostt., right angle. Chain in front view, cell in side view (7°).
bo Lo
240
I have seen but few chains of this large species, which has some relations to C. constrictum Gran (the two chromatophores) and others to C. teres Cl. and C. Weissflogii Schiitt (the form of the valves and the
awns).
10 (rr).
Obs. The undulations of the awns are not well drawn in the figure.
60. ¢. tetrastichon Cleve, Phytoplankton p. 22, Pl. I, f. 7; Schréder, l.c. p. 30; Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Pl. f. the Red Sea, ete. p. 256; Cleve, Pl. f. the Indian Ocean and the Malay Archipelago p. 19.
2 (rr).
Area: Tropical Atlantic Ocean, Naples, Red Sea, Malay Archipelago.
61. (. Vanheurckii Gran, Norske Nordhavs Expedition, Protophyta, p. 18; C. Ralfsii Van Heurck Synopsis, Pl. 82 bis, f.3, non Cleve. I have found a form which I identify with the C. Vanheurckii,
described by Gran in his excellent paper on the Norwegian species of Chaetoceras. My figures of a part of a chain and of the spores agree
Fig. 19. Chaetoceras Van-
heurckit Gran. Chain with
Fig. 18. Chaetoceras Vanheurckit Gran. Chain endospores in front view in front view, cell in side view (425). (235).
rather well with the description by Gran; the chains are straight, fora- mina lanceolate to narrow-elliptic, hoop about a third part of the cell with constricted sutures ; chromatophore one; awns straight, seen from the valve diverging at a right angle; spores about in the middle of the cells, primary valve arcuate with numerous spines, secundary valve humped with longer spines on the humpe; further both valves possess along the margins a wreath of parallel, straight apiculi.
10 (1).
Area: Yeddo Bay.
Biddulphieae.
Schmidtiella Ostf. n. gen.
Frustules in chains. Valves broadly elliptic with undulate surface, most elevated at the sagittal plane, cohering one to another by two minute processes at the sagittal plane. Frustules in a front-view rectangular. No structure seen. Endochrome coc- cochromatic.
Allied to Graya Brun & Grove [see Van Heurck, A Treatise on the Diatomaceae p. 458, f. 187] and per- a b ¢ haps forming a connection between the Chaetocereae and the Biddul- Fig. 20. Schmidtiella pelagica Ost. phieae. a chain of two cells in front view, 6 in sagittal view, ¢ cell in side view (29°).
62. §S. pelagica Ostf. n. sp. Characters of the genus, frustules in front view 80, broad, in sagittal view 40 broad.
I have only found one chain of this interesting diatom which I name in honour of the Danish botanist Johs. Schmidt who made those rich collections in Siam which he is publishing in the ,Flora of Koh Chang“.
Eucampia Ehbg.
63. E. biconeava (Cl.) Ostf. ms.; Climacodium biconcavum Cleve, Phytoplankton p. 22, Pl. 2, f. 16,17; Atl. Plankt. Organisms p. 314; PI. f. the Red Sea, p. 1033; Pl. f. the Indian Ocean and the Malay Archip. p. 19; Eucampia hemiauloides Ostf. in Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Pl. f. the Red Sea p. 157, f. 9.
According to a letter from Mr. Cleve his Climacodium biconcavum is identical with my Hucampia hemiauloides, and consequently his species- name has the priority, but as shown in my paper it must be an Hucampia, with the same structure as the other species of this genus.
2(r) — Br) — 4(rr) — 5(rr) — 6 (rr) — 7(r) — 10 (rr).
Area: Tropical Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean, Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, Malay Archipelago.
64. E. cornuta (Cl.) Grun. in Van Heurck, Synopsis Pl. 95 bis, f. 5; Cleve, Pl. f. the Red Sea p. 1033, Pl. f. the Indian Ocean and the Malay Archip. p. 21; (?) Atl. Plankt. Organisms p. 326; Mélleria cornuta Cleve, Diat f. the Sea of Java 1873, p.7, Pl. 1, f. 6; Leuduger-Fortmorel, 1. c. p. 47.
6 (rr) — 10(r).
16
249 24
Area: Red Sea, Malay Archipelago; a very small form occurs in the sub- tropical N, Atlantic Ocean (Cleve). ‘
65. E, zodiacns Ehbg., Kreideth. p. 71, Pl. 4, f. 8; Leuduger-Fort- morel, l. c. p. 40; Cleve, Diat. f. the Sea of Java p. 7;° Atlant. Plankt. Organisms p. 326; Pl. f. the Ind. Ocean and the Malay Archip. p. 21.
10 (rr).
Area: Neritic species found along the coasts of West-Europe, Malay Archipelago, Yeddo Bay in Japan, Puget’s Sound.
Climacodium Grun.
66. €. Fraunfeldianum Grun., Novara Exp. 1870, 102, Pl.la, f. 24; Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Pl. f. the Red Sea, etc. p. 156; Cleve, Atlant. Plankton Organisms p. 314; C. Fraunfeldii Cleve, Pl. f. the Red Sea, p. 1033; Cleve, Pl. f. the Ind. Ocean and the Malay Archipelago p.19; C. Jacobi Cleve, Phytoplankton p. 22, Pl. 2, f. 18; Climacidium Fraunfeldii Van Heurck, Synopsis P]. 106, f. 5.
Q(rr) — 3(rr) — 7 (rr) — 10 (rr).
Area: Tropical Atlantic Ocean, Red Sea, Indian Ocean, Malay Archipelago, Pacific Ocean.
Streptotheca Cleve.
67. §. thamensis Cleve in Shrubsole, Journ. Quekett Microsc. Club, 1890, IV, n. s. p. 259, Pl. 13, f,4—6; Phytoplankton p. 25, PL2, f. 19; Atl. Plankt. Organisms p. 353; Van Heurck, Treatise on the Diatomaceae p. 463, f. 194; Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Pl. f. the Red Sea, etc. p. 161;
S. maxima Cleve, Pl. f. the Indian Ocean and the Malay Archip. p. 23 and p. 57, Pl. 8, f. 5.
I am unable to see any difference of specific value between the North Sea species and the S. maxima described by Cleve from the Malay Archipelago, but the details given by Cleve indicate the correctness of
Van Heurck in placing the genus in the neighbourhood of Climacodium and Hucampia.
2(r) — 3(-+-) — 4(rr) — 6 (rr).
Area: Along the coasts of West Europe, N. Atlantic Ocean (rare), Red Sea, Malay Archipelago.
Ditylium Bail.
68. D. Sol (Van Heurck) Leuduger-Fortmorel, 1. c. p.39; De Toni, Sylloge Algarum, Vol. II, p. 1018; Cleve, Atl. Plankt. Organisms p. 325; Pl. f. the Indian Ocean and the Malay Archip. p. 21; Triceratium Sol
Van Heurck, Synopsis Pl. 115, f.1 (1881); A. Schmidl, Atlas d. Diatom. Kunde Pl. 152, f. 4, 5, 7-9.
25 243
2(r) — 3(c) — Ser) — 6 (rr) — 7 (rr). Area: Atlantic Ocean at 10° N. 538° W., Gulf of Bengal, Malay Archipelago, China Sea.
Biddulphia Gray.
69. B. chinensis Grev., Trans. Microsc. Soc. 1866, p. 81, Pl. 9, f.16; Leuduger-Fortmorel, 1. c. p.39; Cleve, a ty Diat. f. the Sea of Java 1873, p.6; Ostenfeld & Schmidt, |--:----~. Pl. f. the Red Sea, etc. p. 152, f.6; A. Schmidt, Atlag der [~~ ie Diat. Kunde Pl. 122, f. 22—24.
I have given figures of this species and of the following showing the different direction of the processes and the spines.
3(+) — 5(rr) — L0 (rr).
Area: Red Sea, Malay Archipelago, South China Sea.
70. B. mobilensis Bail., Am. Journ. Sc. 1845, p. 336, Pl. 4, f.24; Van Heurck, Synopsis Pl. 101, f. 4, PI. 108, f. A; Cleve, Atlant. Plankt. Organisms, p.288; Schréder, Neapel p. 30; B. Baileyi Smith, Brit. Diat. Il, p. 50, Fig, 21. Pl. 45, f. 322, Pl. 62, f. 322; Leuduger-Fortmorel, 1. ¢. Biddulphia p. 38; Denticella mobiliensis Grun., de Wildeman, 1. c. ¢himensis Grev. p. 127. a
A(r) — 3(rr) — 4(rr) — S(rr) — 6 (rr).
Area: Along the Coasts of West-Europe and North-
America, Mediterranean, Indian Ocean, Malay Archipelago, Pacific Ocean. Neritic species.
Cerataulina Perag.
71. ©. Bergonii Perag., Monogr. du genre Rhizoso- lenia, Le Diatomiste vol. I, p. 103, Pl. 1, f.15, 16; Schro- der, Neapel p. 30 (var. elongata); Cleve, Bih. t. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl. Bd. 20, 3, 1894, No. 2, p. 11, Pl. 1, f. 6; Atl. Plankt. Organisms p. 288, Pl. f. the Red Sea, p. 1032; Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Pl, f. the Red Sea, etc. p. 152; Fig. 22. Zygoceros (2) pelagicum Cleve, Kanonbaaden ,Hauch*s Biddulphia Togter, Kjobenhavn (1889), p. 54. mobilensis Bail.
6 (rr) — 10 (rr). as
Area: Temperate N. Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean, Red Sea, Gulf of Aden.
72. . compacta Ostf. in Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Pl. f. the Red Sea, 1901, p.153, f.7; BRhizosolenia (Guinardia?) recta Cleve, Pl. f. the Indian Ocean and the Malay Archipelago 1902, p.23 and p.57, Pl. VIII, f. 7a,b.
16*
DAA, 26
There is no doubt that this species having two processes on each valve belongs to the genus Cerataulina, and Cleve has also indicated two in his figure 7a, so that I do not understand his reasons for taking it as a Rhizosolenia.
2 (rr) — 3(-+).
Area: Red Sea, Malay Archipelago.
Hemiaulus Ehbg.
73. 4H. chinensis Grev. Ann. Magaz. Nat. Hist. XVI, p.5,-Pl. 5, f. 9, 1865; H. Heibergii Cleve, Diat. f. the Sea of Java, 1873, p.6, Pl. 1, f.7; Leuduger-Fortmorel, 1. c. p. 41; Cleve, Pl. f. the Red Sea, p. 1033; Pl. f. the Indian Ocean and the Malay Archip. p.21; Atl. Plankton Organisms p- 329.
Professor Cleve informs me in a letter that his H. Heibergii is identical with H. chinensis of Greville.
6 (rr) — 10(+).
Area: Tropical Atlantic Ocean, Red Sea, Indian Ocean, Malay Archipelago, Arafura Sea, Japan and China Seas.
B. Pennatae.
Fragilarieae.
Thalassiothrix Cleve & Grun.
74. TT. Vrannfeldii Grun. in Cleve & Grunow, Arctische Diatomeen, K. Sv. Vet. Akad. 17, No. 2, 1880, p. 109; de Wildeman, 1. c. p. 104; Castracane, Challenger Report p.54—55, Pl. XIV, f.7,8 (inel. 7. curvata Castr., Pl. XXIV, f. 6); Schréder, Neapel p. 31; Cleve, Phytoplankton p. 25; Atl. Plankt. Organisms p. 356; Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Pl. f. the Red Sea, ete. p. 162; Van Heurck, Synopsis Pl. 37, f.11—15; Asterionélla Fraun- feldii Grunow, Verh. zool.-bot. Gesellsch. Wien 1 863, p. 140, Pl. 14, f. 18; Cleve, Diatoms of the Sea of Java 1873, p. 12.
I should think that all the specimens belong to the var. javanica Grun. in Van Heurck, 1. c. f. 13. ;
1(+) — 2@) — 3(rr) — 6) ~ 7%) — 10(4).
Area: Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean, Red Sea, Indian Ocean, Malay Ar- chipelago, Ghina Sea, Japan Sea, Pacific Ocean.
75. T. longissima Cleve & Grunow, 1. c. p. 108; Ostenfeld & Schmidt, Pl. f. the Red Sea, etc. p. 162 (f. gracilis Ostf.); Cleve, Phytoplankton p. 25; Atl. Plankt. Organisms p. 357; Pl. f. the S. Atlantic and the S. Indian Ocean p. 935; Pl. f. the Red Sea, p. 1035; Pl. f. the Indian Ocean
a7 945
and the Malay Archip. p. 24; Synedra Thalassiothrix Cleve, Bih. K. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl. 1, Nr. 13, p. 22, Pl. 4, £.24; Synedia sp., Chun, Aus den Tiefen des Weltmeeres, Jena 1900, p. 206, f. 2, 3.
Most of the present specimens are very delicate (f. gracilis Ostf.), but also the main species has been met with,
Q2(rr) — 4(rr) — 6(r} — 7 (rr) — 10(+).
Area: Arctic and Northern Atlantic Ocean (especially in the Irminger Sea), Antarctic Ocean from 20° W. to 91° E., Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, Indian Ocean
from c. 407 S. to 45°S., Malay Archipelago, Bering Sea. It is a bipolar species which often predominates in the samples from the Subarctic regions.
Naviculeae.
Navicula Bory.
76. N. membranacea Cleve, Phytoplankton 1897, p. 24, Pl. Il, f. 95-28; Pl. f. the Red Sea p. 1033; Atl Plankt. Organisms p. 333; Pl. f. the Indian Sea and the Malay Archipelago p.22; Lemmermann lL. c. p 315.
As supplement to the figures by Cleve (Phyto- plankton) I have given two figures of a frustule in valvular and in zonal view. No structure visible.
(rr) — B(rr) — 6 (rr) — 10 (rr).
Area: Subtropical Atlantic Ocean (rare), Red Sea, Malay Archipelago, Gook Strasse at New Zealand.
Fig. 23, Navicula membranacea Cl. Side view and front view (722).
Nitzschieae.
Nitzschia Hass.
77. N. seriata Cleve, Diat. of Vega, Vega-exped. vetensk. iakttagelser Pl. 38, f. 75; Atl. Plankt. Organisms p. 335; N. fraudulenta Cleve, Fish. Board f. Scotland 1896, p. 300, Pl. 1, f.11; Pl. f. the Indian Ocean and the Malay Archip. p. 22; Schréder, Neapel p. 32.
1 (rr) — 2(rr) — 6(rr) — 10 (rr).
Area: Arctic Ocean, Northern Atlantic Ocean southwards to Azores, Me- diterranean, Malay Archipelago.
4 — 8 — 1902.
946 28
Freshwater Diatoms
by E. Ostrup — Copenhagen. (With plate L)
The following list of freshwater Diatoms has resulted from the examination of 33 samples collected by the Danish expedition to Siam (1899-1900). Of these 33 samples two only contained no Diatoms; the localities of the remaining 31 samples are:
Koh Chang: Klong Son ........... 2 samples
ee Leh Dat ie ete ga ade 16 Fa
x Klong Munsé .... ... 5 .
5 Klong Majum......... 9 a
P Klong Prao..... cates, Cdl #
Klong Sarlakpet....... 1 - Naval station opposite Koh Kong... 1 » Kob. Sanit. y24-c0pc65 Gomes rene 1 . Lent N¢OD sess eseeaee seuss esas wee ga m
Placochromatice.
Caloneis Cl., Syn. I, p. 46. 1. (. faseiata Lgst.? tab. nostr., fig. 1.
L. 0,028 mm., B. 0,006 mm., striae in the middle at least 25 in 0,01 mm. denser towards the apices.
Strie radiate. The apical area dilated towards the middle and here forming a transapical fascia.
Solitary in a sample from Lem Dan.
With some doubt I have referred this small form to Cal. fase. Lest. because the strie are more radiate and because I am not sure, that J have seen the longitudinal lines.
Area: Cal. fase.: ubiquitous.
Neidium Pfitzer (1871), Cl. Syn. I, p. 67.
2. N. affine Ehr. var. genuina Cl. forma minor. A.S. Atl. tab. XLIX, fig. 23.
Lem Dan (7 samples).
Area: the main species: ubiquitous, f. minor: Spitzbergen, Europe, Au- stralia.
3. N. Hitehcockii Ehr. A.S. Atl. tab. XLIX, figs. 35-36.
Klong Son, Lem Dan (7 samples).
‘Usually with oblique strie, forming an angle of about 75° to the apical axis.
Area: North America, Europe, Bengal, Australia, New Zealand.
Frustulia Ag. (1824), Cl. Syn. I, p. 121. 4. VW. rhomboides Ehr. V.H. Syn. tab. XVII, figs. 1—2.
Found in many (20) of the samples. In some of them e. g. from Klong Munsé and Lem Dan not rare.
var. saxonica Rabh. V.H. 1. c. fig. 4. Mixed with the main species. Area: the main species and the var. satonica: America, Europe, Asia, Australia. Stauroneis Ebr. (1843); enfr. Cl. Syn. 1, p. 141 Navicule microstigmatice.
5. Stauroneis anceps Ehr. var. hyalina Br. & Perag. Heérib. Diat. Auv. tab. III, fig. 19.
Solitary in two samples from Lem Dan and Lem Ngob.
Area: Europe (fossil), Australia.
In a sample from Lem Dan I have found a Stauroneis, in its out- ward form like St. anc. Ehr. var. amphicephala Ktz. (V.H. Syn. tab. IV, fig. 5) but without any visible striation.
Cymbella Ag. (1830), Cl. Syn. I, p. 156.
6. . gracilis Rabh. cnfr. A.S. Atl. tab. X, fig. 39; tab. nost., fig. 3. Klong Prao, Klong Majum, Klong Munsé, Lem Dan.
I have figured this form because it differs somewhat from the type by its gibbous ventral margin.
Area: Cymb. grac.: Greenland, Europe, Tasmania, New Zealand; according to Cleve (l.c. p. 169) especially in alpine regions.
7. ©, japonica Reichelt. Kunze Rev. Ill, p. 391.
Klong Prao, Klong Majum, Klong Munsé, Klong Son, Lem Dan. (7 samples).
Area: Japan.
.
Gomphonema Ag. (1824), Cl. Syn.I, p. 178.
8. G parvulum Ktz. V.H. Syn. tab. XXV, fig. 7. Klong Sarlakpet.
var. micropus Ktz. V.H. I. c. figs. 4—5. Klong Majum, Lem Dan. Area: the main species ubiquitous, var. micropus: Europe, America.
Obs. In a sample from Lem Dan I found specimens of G. parvulum, which are nearest to var. subcapitata (V.H. 1. c. fig. 11), but propor- tionately broader. In V. H.'s figure the rate between length and breadth is 13:3; in the present form it is 14:5.
9. G. gracile Ehr. forma major V.H. Syn. tab. XXIV, fig. 12.
var. naviculoides (W.Sm.) Grun. V.H. l.c. figs. 13—14.
Klong Prao, Klong Munsé, Klong Son, Koh Samit, Lem Dan. (15 samples.) Area: Europe, America, Java, New Zealand.
10. G. entolejum Ost. sp.nov. tab. nost. fig. 4.
L. up to 0,065 mm., B. up to 0,01 mm. Strize 10 in 0,01 mm.
Strie short, marginal. Unilateral stigma present, but hardly visible. By its marginal striee and consequently large area this very characteristic species reminds of G. Brasiliense Grun. (V. H., Syn. tab. XXV, fig. 17) and G. Puiggarianum Grun. (V. H., lL. ¢. fig. 18) and perhaps it might be considered an intermediate form between those two species, provided they also possessed an unilateral stigma. But as this is discernible only with difficulty in G. entolejum, its presence in the two mentioned species is still conceivable.
Klong Prao, Klong Munsé, Klong Majum, Klong Sarlakpet. (5 samples).
In some of these samples not rare.
Anomoeoneis Pfitzer (1871) Cl. Syn. II, p. 5.
its 4 brachysira (Bréb.) Grun. V.H. Syn. tab. XII, figs. 8—9. Klong Prao, Klong Son, Klong Munsé, Lem Dan. (9 samples). Area: Greenland, Europe.
12. A. exilis (Ktz.) Gron. V.H. Syn. tab. XI, fig. 11. Lem Dan (4 samples). Area: Greenland, Europe.
Navicula Bory (1822). Orthostiche Cl. Syn. I, p. 107.
13. N. euspidata Ktz. var. lanceolata Grun. cnfr. O. Miill. El Kab tab. XII, fig. 18; tab. nostr., fig. 2.
31 249
L. 0,04 mm., B. 0,007 mm.
Valve narrow lanceolate, attenuated towards the apices. Central pores distant. Strize fine, at right angles to the apical axis. By slighter enlargement the striation, especially in the central part presents an irregular longitudinal undulation, nearly as in Ano- moeoneis.
This form probably must be referred to N. cusp.; it is nearest to var. lanceolata.
Solitary in two samples from Klong Prao and Lem Dan. Area: Nav. cusp. lanc.: El Kab.
14. N. Stodderi Green]. var. insignis Grun. Cl. Syn. 1, tab. Ill, fig. 13. Solitary in two samples from Lem Dan. Area: Bengal.
Mesoleje Cl. Syn. I, p. 127. 15. N. Pupula Ktz. V.H. Syn. tab. XIII, figs. 15—16.
Lem Dan (7 samples). Area: ubiquitous.
Bacillares Cl. Syn. I, p. 136. 16. N. Pseudobacillum Grun. V.H. Syn. tab. XII, fig. 9.
Solitary in a sample from Lem Dan. Area: Europe, Japan, Australia, New Zealand.
Lineolate Cl. Syn. II, p. 10. 17. N. eryptocephala Ktz. var. exilis Ktz. V.H. Syn. tab. VIII, fig. 2.
Lem Dan (3 samples). Area: Europe.
18. N. radiosa Ktz. var. tenella Bréb. V.H. Syn. tab. VII, figs. 21—22. Klong Majum, Klong Sarlakpet, Lem Dan. (5 samples). Area: Greenland, America, Europe, Japan, Tasmania, Australia.
19. N. eineta Ehr. var. siamensis Ost. var. nov. tab. nostr., fig. 5.
L. 0,036—0,05 mm., B. 0,006—0,007 mm., strive 20 in 0,01 mm., finely transversely lineated.
Valve narrow lanceolate, somewhat attenuated towards the apices. Strie in the middle radiate, alternately longer and shorter, towards the apices convergent. Central area narrow.
Klong Majum, Lem Dan.
1 have considered this form a variant of N. cincta Ehr., although it differs somewhat in its outline and in its closer strie. Possibly it is nearer to N. Bottnica Grun. (V.H. Syn. tab. VII, fig. 33).
bo
or
oO ww bo
Levistriate Cl. Syn. Il, p. 66.
20. N. Yarrensis Grun. A.S. Atl. tab. XLVI, fig. 2. tab. nostr. fig. 6. Lem Dan (5 samples).
Only in one of the samples a single specimen of this species agreeing with the figure by A.S. (1.c.) has been met with. Smaller forms agreeing tolerably well with those from V. Heurck’s types No. 542 (from Yarra-Yarra, fossil) only with their apices a little more attenuated and thus reminding of the variety ,simbirskiana* (Pant. II, tab. XII, fig 16) are much more common in the collection.
Area: Europe (Kiel), Hungary (fossil). America, Africa, Asia, Australia.
21. N. bicontracta Ost. sp. nov. tab. nostr. fig. 7.
L. 0,028 mm., B. in the middle 0,0085 mm., at the constriction 0,0055 mm. Strie 12—13 in 0,01 mm.
Valve biconstricted, with greatest breadth in the middle and with cuneate apices. Strie radiate in the middle with a single short stria inserted, towards the apices at right angle to and nearly reaching the apical axis. Central area narrow, apices slightly curved.
The systematical place of this small species is doubtful. Perhaps it is related to a ,fragliche Form* from New Yersey in A.S. Atl. tab. CCXIL, fig. 2, which seems to approach to Caloneis Egena A.S. (CI. Syi. I, p. 66). As I think I have seen a slight trace of a transversal lineation of the strie, I dare not refer it to ,Pinnularia*.
Lem Ngob. Only one specimen met with.
Pinnularia Ehr. (1843), Cl. Syn. Il, p.71. Capitate Cl. 1. c¢. p.75. 22. P. Braunii Grun. V.H. Syn. tab. VI, fig. 21. A.S. Atl tab. XLV, figs. 77 —78. Naval station, Lem Dan, Lem Ngob. (9 samples).
Rather variable, especially in size. The greatest length observed by me is 0,086 mm.
Area: Europe, America, Bengal, Australia.
23. P. interrupta W.Sm. A.S. Atl. tab. XLV, fig. 70.
Klong Munsé.
Area: Europe, America, Asia, Australia.
24, P. microstauron Ehr. V.H. Syn. tab. VI, fig. 9. A. S. Atl. tab. XLIV, fig. 35,
Lem Dan, Lem Ngob. Area: Spitzbergen, Greenland, Kamtschatka, Kurope, N. America, Australia.
33
bo Or ee
Divergentes Cl. |. c. p.77. 25. P. divergentissima Grun. V.H. Syn. tab. VI, fig. 32. Solitary in two samples from Lem Dan.
Area: Spitzbergen, Greenland, N. Europe, Canada, New Zealand. According to Cleve (l.c. p.77) an arctic and alpine species.
26. YP. divergens W. Sm. var. elliptiea Grun. Grun., Fz. Jos. Land tab. I, fig. 19.
Solitary in a sample from Lem Dan.
Area: Franz Joseph-Land, Greenland, Europe, America, Africa, Australia.
Tabellariee Cl. Il, p. 81.
27. VP. stauroptera Grun. Donk., Brit. Diat. tab. XII, fig. 3. Klong Prao, Klong Son, Koh Samit, Lem Dan. (6 samples).
var. interrupta Cl. V.H. Syn. tab. VI, figs. 6—7.
Lem Dan.
Area: the main species: Europe, America, Australia. var. interrupta: Franz Josef-Land, Europe, America, New Zealand, Hawaii.
28. P. stomatophora Grun. var. ornata A.C]. A.C). Lule Lappm. fig. 3.
Solitary in two samples from Lem Dan and Koh Samit.
The present form is somewhat larger than that figured by A. Cleve.
Area: Lule Lappmark.
Brevistriate Cl. 1. c. p. 85.
29. P. brevicostata Cl. A.S. Atl. tab. XLIM, figs. 26—27. Lem Dan, Koh Samit. Area: Europe, Bengal.
30. P. parva (Ehr.) Grun. A.S. Atl. tab. XLII, fig. 21. Lem Ngob. Area: Europe, America, Java, Australia, New Zealand.
Complexe Cl. 1. c. p. 91.
31. P. viridis Nitzsch. A.5. Atl. tab. XLII, fig. 14. Lem Dan (4 samples).
var. intermedia Cl. A.S. Atl. tab. XLII, fig. 9. Lem Dan.
Area: the main species ubiquitous. var. intermedia: Europe, Congo, Java, Australia.
252 34
32. Pinnularia sp. tab. nostr., fig. 8.
L. 0,049 mm., B. 0,01 mm. Striz 10 in 0,01 mm.
Valve rectilinear with rounded apices. Terminal fissures comma- shaped. Apical area narrow. Striz parallel, at right angles to the apical axis, absent in the middle, so that a transapical area arises.
As I have seen but one specimen of this small form, I dare not regard it as a distinct species. It seems to be nearest to Pinn. macilenta
(Ehr.) Cl.
Amphora Ehr. (1840). Cl. Syn. Il, p. 99. 33. A. acutiuseula Ktz. V.H. Syn. tab. I, fig. 18.
Solitary in a sample from Lem Dan. Area: Greenland, Spitzbergen, Europe, Madeira, New Zealand, Samoa.
Achnanthes Cl. Syn. II, p. 163.
Actinoneis Cl. 1. c. p. 185. 34, A. oblongella Ost. nov. sp. tab. nostr., fig. 9.
L. 0,057 mm., B. 0,006 min.
Epitheca: apical area narrow, 10 striz in 0,01 mm., finely transversely lineated. Hypotheca: striae very fine, slightly curved. Central area narrow.
Hypotheca of this small species highly reminds of Navicula Rotewana Grun. var, oblongella Grun. (V. H., Syn. tab. XIV, fig. 21). But as I have seen both valves in situ, I am quite sure it is an Achnaathes.
Klong Majum. In the same sample where Ach. oblongella occurs I found a small form, which I have figured in tab. nostr., fig. 10.
Valve oblong elliptical, L. 0,018 mm., B. 0,007 mm., strize 10 in 0,01 mm., somewhat shortened so that an apical area arises. In specimens mounted in styrax it was impossible to see any raphe, but in a dry specimen I could catch a glimpse of a such one with distant central pores. As to the structure of the valve all the spe- cimens examined were identical. Thus I dare not decide if the present form is an Achnanthes or a Navicula.
Microneis Cl. 1. c. HU, p. 187. 35. A. minutissima Ktz. V.H. Syn. tab. XXVIII, figs. 37—38. Klong Majum, Klong Munsé, Lem Dan. (4 samples). var. eryptocephala Grun. V.H. |. c. figs. 41—44. Klong Prao, Klong Munsé, Lem Dan.
Area: the main species: Greenland, Europa, Mongolia. var. eryptocephala according to Cleve (I. ¢. p. 188) Finland. I have found it in the Ferd Islands. and in Denmark.
35 253
36. A. microcephala Ktz. V.H. Syn. tab. XXVH, figs. 20—23., Klong Majum.
Area: Europe, Bandong.
37. A. linearis W.Sm. V.H. Syn. tab. XXVII, figs. 31 —32. Klong Majum, Klong Munsé, Lem Dan. (5 samples.)
— — — var. pusilla Grun. V.H. I.c. figs. 33 —34.
Klong Majum.
Area: the main species: Europe, var. pusilla: also in Greenland. 38. A. exilis Ktz. V.H. Syn. tab. XXVII, figs. (G19, Klong Majum (two samples).
Area: Europe, Abyssinia.
39. A. affinis Grun. V.H. Syn. tab. XXVII, figs. 39— 40.
Klong Majum, Klong Munsé. Area: Europe, America, Tasmania.
Achnanthidium Cl. |. c. p. 191. 40. A. rostrata Ost. n. sp. tab. nostr., fig. 11.
L. 0,012mm., B. 0,006 mm. Strie 10 in 001mm. The outline of both valve identical: elliptical with rostrate apices. Epitheca with an unilateral horseshoe-shaped mark, Hypotheca: central pores approximate, unilateral central area.
This small species is obviously nearest to A. lanceolata (Bréb.) Grun. var. dubia Grun. (V.H. Syn. tab. XXVII, figs. 12—13).
Klong Sarlakpet. 41. A. baceata Leud.-Fortm. Cl. Syn. II, tab. I, fig. 3. Leud.- Fortm. Ceylon tab. I, fig. 5.
In a slide from Klong Prao I found a specimen thus situated, that it was quite agreeing with the figure by L.-F. quoted above, which is referred with some doubt to A. baccata by P. T. Cleve (I. c. p. 195).
Klong Prao, Klong Majum, Klong Sarlakpet, only in samples labelled: ,in waterfall*. Area: Ceylon.
Epithemia Bréb. (1838). V.H. Traité p. 294. 4%, KK, Argus (Ebr.) Ktz. var.
Klong Prao, Klong Majum. Rare.
As the present form differs from the type by its pronounced curva- tion I have figured it in tab. nostr., fig. 12.
Area: the main species: Europe, Java.
43. KE. gibberula (Ehr.?) Ktz. var. producta Grun. V.H. Syn. tab. XXXIL, fig. 12.
254 36
Solitary in a sample from Lem Dan.
Area: the main species, Europe, America, Java. var. producta: according to de Toni (Syll. p. 786) ,,cwm specie hine et inde“
Eunotia Ehr. (1837). V.H. Traité p. 298. 44, E. major (W. Sm.) Rabh. var. octoundulata Grun. Grun. Banka, tab. 1, fig. 8.
Lem Dan (two samples). Area; Banca,
45, E. parallela Ehr. Grun. Banka tab. I, fig. 3a. Lem Dan. forma angustior V.H. Syn. tab. XXXIV, fig. 16.
Lem Dan. Area: Greenland, Europe, America, Banca.
46, , pectinalis (Ktz.) Rabh. var. stricta Rabh. V.H. Syn. tab. XXXII, fig. 18.
Lem Dan (3 samples).
var.? minor (Ktz.) Rabh. V.H. 1c. figs. 20—21. Klong Son, Lem Dan (5 samples).
forma curta. V.H. l.c. fig. 15.
Lem Dan. Area: Europe, America.
var. undulata (Ralfs) Rabh. in Grun. Banka, p. 4, tab. I, figs. 5a—e. Lem Dan (11 samples). I found forms agreeing with the figures by Grunow quoted above
and with W.Sm. Syn. tab. XXXII, fig. 281 a, but not with V.H. Syn. tab. XXXIII, fig. 17.
Area: England, Banca.
47. ¥. prerupta Ehr. var. bidens Grun. enfr. V.H. Syn. tab. XXXIV, fig. 20.
Lem Ngob.
Only one small specimen observed (L. 0,04 mm.), in its shape quite
agreeing with the quoted fig. by V. H., but I was not able to see any sculpture on its striz.
Area: Type arctic and alpine.
48. , robusta Ralfs var. bigibba Ost. var. nov. tab. nost., fig. 13.
L. 0,06 mm., strie along the ventral margin 10 in number in 0,01 mm., towards the apices closer, finely transversely inesved Terminal nodi somewhat removed from the apices.
37
{SS} or ou
Klong Majum, Klong Munsé. (3 samples).
With hesitation I regard this form as a variant of E. robusta. It is not identical with E. rob. Papilio, nor with EB. Diodon as far as I can judge.
49. E. Diodon Ehr. forma minor V.H. Syn. tab. XXXIII, fig. 5.
Lem Dan.
Area: the main species: Europe.
50. E. lunaris (Ehr.) Grun. var.? alpina (Negeli) Grun. V.H. Syn. tab. XXXV, fig. 5. Grun. Banka tab. I, fig. 9.
Klong Munsé, Klong Son, Koh Samit, Lem Dan: (6 samples.) Area: Europe, India, Java, Banca.
51. E. Camelus Ehr. genuina Grun. Grun. Banka tab. I, figs. 6a and b.
var. denticulata Grun. Grun. |. c.. fig. 6d.
Lem Dan (7 samples).
Area: Europe, America, Banca.
52. EE, costata Ost. nov. sp. tab. nostr., fig. 14,
L. up to 0,09 mm., B. up to 0,007 mm., costee 5 in 0,01 mnt. Valve arcuate with parallel dorsal- and ventral margin, terminal nodi on the ventral side, a little removed from the rounded apices. Coste prominent forming denticuli on the dorsal margin. The frustule rectangular with finely striated connecting zone.
Klong Prao, Klong Majum, Klong Munsé, Klong Son, Koh Samit, Lem Dan. (8 samples). Not common in any sample.
Desmogonium Ehr. (1848). Grun. Banka p. 5.
53. D. Rabenhorstianum Grun. Grun. Banka tab. J, fig. 1. Lem Dan (3 samples).
Area: China, Banca.
var erassa Ost. var. nov. tab. nostr., fig. 15.
L. 0 mm., B. 0,008 mm, Strize 14—16 in 0,01 mm. Denticuli 7—8 in 0,01 mm.
Naval Station, Lem Dan (3 samples). Shorter and broader than the type. Apices somewhat inflated.
Synedra Ehr. (1831). V.H. Traité p. 307. 54. §. Ulna (Nitzsch) Ehr. V. H. Syn. tab. XXXVIII, figs. 9, 12
and 14.
Klong Prao, Klong Majum, Klong Munsé, Klong Sarlakpet, Lem Dan. (7 samples).
256 38
In some of the samples not rare.
Varies somewhat (but with connecting forms), usually the apices are more capitate than figured by V.H. 1. ¢.
Area: Europe, America, Java.
In a, sample from Klong Prao there occurs a smaller, slightly curved form (L. 0,074 mm., B. 0,005 mm., strie 9 in 0,01 mm.) with unilateral central area which is nearest to var. amphirhynchus (V.H. l.c. fig. 5). 1 have figured it in tab. nostr., fig. 16.
Surirella Turpin (1827). V.H. Traité p. 368. 55. §. linearis W. Sar. var. constricta W. Sm.? cnfr. A. S. Atl. tab. XXIJJ, fig. 8. L. 0,09 mm., B. in the middle 0,014 mm., cost 2—3 in 0,01 mm. Klong Munsé, Lem Dan. Rare.
As the present form differs somewhat from the above fig. by A. 8. I have figured it in tab. nostr., fig. 17.
Area: the main species scattered, usually in alpine and subalpine regions: var. constricta: cum specie passim (de Toni Syll. p. 568).
56. S. angusta Kiz.? A.S. Atl. tab. XXIII, fig. 40. Klong Prao, Klong Majum.
This form agrees with the figure by A. S. which has been referred by him with some doubt to S. angusta.
Area: Europe.
57. §. siamensis Ost. nov.sp. tab. nostr., fig. 18.
L. 0,026 mm., B. 0,01 mm., coste 4 in 0,01 mm. Valve oval, costee alternant, reaching the apical axis, strize fine.
Solitary in a sample from Lem Dan.
This Surirella seems to me, in spite of its small size, to approach most closely to S. bifrons Ktz.
Hantzschia Grun. (1877). V.H. Traité p. 380. 58. H. amphioxys (Ehr.) Grun. V.H. Syn. tab. LVI, fig. 1.
Solitary in a sample from Lem Dan. Area: Ubiquitous.
Nitzschia Hassal (1845). V.H. Traité p. 382.
Tryblionella (W.Sm.) Grun. V.H. lc. p. 384.
59. N. Tryblionella Hantzsch. var. Lewidensis W. Sm. V. H. Syn. tab. LVII, fig. 16.
Lem Dan (3 samples). Area: Europe.
39 257
Scalares V.H. 1. ¢. p. 394. 60. N. sealaris W.Sm. cnfr. V.H. Syn. tab. LX, figs..14—15. Lem Dan (5 samples). In two of the samples not rare. Area: Europe, Australia.
The size of the present form agrees with Grunow’s var. minor (Cl. & Grun. aret. Diat p. 83) found in Delaware river and in lagoons at Samoa.
Obtuse V.H. l.c. p. 397.
61. N. obtusa W. Sm. var. nana Grun. V.H. Syn. tab. LXVII, fig. 3. Lem Dan (4 samples).
Area: the main species: Europe, America, Japan; var. nana only in Haverfordwest (England) enfr. V. H.’s types No. 399.
Lanceolate V.H. 1. ¢. p. 400.
62. N. Palea (Ktz.) W. Sm. forma major, V.H. Syn. tab. LXIX, fig. 22 e.
var. minuta Bleisch. V.H. l.c. fig. 23.
var. tenuirostris Grun. V.H. 1. c. fig. 31.
var. debilis (Ktz.) Grun. V.H. I. c¢. figs. 283—29.
Lem Dan (4 samples), Koh Samit.
Area: the main species: Greenland, Europe, Abyssinia, Japan.
63. N. intermedia Hantzsch. V.H. Syn. tab. LXIX, fig. 10. Koh Samit. Area: Europe.
Nitschiella Rabenh. 1864. V.H. Traité p. 404. 64. N. longissima (Bréb.) Ralfs. V.H. Syn. tab. LXX, fig. 8. Lem Dan, A fragment only. Area: Greenland, Europe.
Coccochromatice.
Fragilaria Lyngbye (1819). V.H. Traité p. 323. 65. K. siamensis Ost. sp. nov. tab. nostr., fig. 19. L. 0,05—0,08 mm., B. in the middle 0,003—0,0035 mm., strize 20 in 0,01 mm. Valve constricted in the middle and before the capitate
apices. Strie parallel, obscure, absent. in the apices. I am not able to see any pseudoraphe.
This characteristic form occurs in chains as Diatoma and Gramma- tophora. The endochrom is granulary. Klong Munsé, Klong Son, Lem Dan. (5 samples). 17
Denticula Ktz. (1844). V.H. Traité p. 351. 67. D. Van Heurekii Brun. Brun. esp. nouv. tab. XIII, fig. 8 and tab. XIV, fig. 10. Solitary in a sample from Lem Dan. Area: Java.
Cyclotella Ktz. (1833). V.H. Traité p. 445. 68. (€, Meneghiniana Ktz. A.S. Atl. tab. CCXXII, fig. 25. Solitary in a sample from Lem Dan. Area: Europe.
Coscinodiscus Ehr. (1838). V.H. Traité p. 595.
69. ¢. lacustris Grun. var. australiensis Grun. Grun. Fz. Joseph-L. tab. IV, fig. 31.
Lem Dan.
Area: China, Australia.
The material examined by me is not particularly rich neither in individuals nor in species and a few samples only make an exception from this. More important genera are: Frustulia, Gom- phonema, Eunotia, in some samples also Synedra.
In samples from inland waterfalls in Koh Chang I especially found small Achnanthes and Cymbella gracilis vay., then Synedre and Hunotice.
In samples from riverbeds or pools Anomoeoneis exilis is predominant.
The samples from ricefields at Lem Dan are distinguished by con- taining some forms usually belonging to brackish water viz. Navicula Yarrensis, Niteschia scalaris var. Nitzschia Tryblionella var. and Coscinodiscus lacustris australiensis. The two Niteschia however may also be met with in freshwater. Also two marine forms have been found in the same samples viz. Amphora acutiusculu and Niteschiella longissima. As the shallow ricefields at Lem Dan are situated close upon the seacoast it is fairly explicable that such forms belonging to brackish water (and even a few marine forms) occur in the freshwater collections, but on the other hand is the presence of Achnanthes baceata, which I have only seen in samples from waterfalls, more difficult to understand. This species is pre-
41 259
viously known only from Ceylon where Leuduger-Fortmore] has found it in a sample ,recueillie . ... sur l’ancre d’un navire mouillé, par huit brasses d’eau, & Colombo, sur les cétes de Ceylan*. Certainly there is nothing to prevent that, at Colombo it might have been carried out into the sea with freshwater; however the whole habit of this species does not at all agree with Achnantheae from freshwater, but much more with marine forms such as Ach. brevipes. Perhaps the examination of the marine Diatoms collected by the Danish Expedition will prove that it also occurs in the Gulf of Siam, but its presence in elevated inland waterfalls is nevertheless very strange.
As to the general’ character of the flora so far as we can judge from the present samples of freshwater Diatoms, we must say that it is less pronounced by the present than by the wanting forms. Most of the species observed occur scattered round the world, a few have previously been recorded only from more adja- cent localities e. g. Navicula Stodderi (Bengal), Stauroneis anceps hyalina (Australia), Cymbella japonica (Japan), Funotia major octo- undulata (Banca), Desmogonium Rabenhorstianum (Banca and China), Denticula Van Heurckii (Japan) but none of those species occurs in such a quantity that it might be said to characterize the collec- tion in its entirety. The following genera are however either very sparingly represented or they occur in not typical species: Cymbedla, Epithemia, Cyclotella, Surirella, Fragilaria, Denticula and wanting are: Pleurosigma, Rhoicosphenia, Cymatopleura, Tabellaria, Diatoma, Meridion, Melosira.
Dipterocarpaceae by F. Heim — Paris.
Pour ne pas rompre l’homogénéité d’allure de la publication, consacrée A la flore de Koh-Chang, nous nous sommes imposé de ne pas faire intervenir, dans la détermination des types de cette famille, les caractéres d’ordre anatomo-histologique. Nous donnerons, dans un travail ultérieur, la diagnose anatomo-histologique des especes nouvelles, et préciserons certains points de la structure des espéces déja connues, mais que nous avons pu étudier, d’une maniére particuliérement favorable, sur les échantillons en alcool, rapportés par M. Schmidt.
Dipterocarpus Gaerin. f. Sect. Sphaerales Dyer.
1. D. Schmidtii Heim sp. nov.
Rami novelli, petioli, ramulique floriferi, pilis brevibus, sericeis, applicatis, fusco-griseis obtecti; eisdem pilis paginae margina apice ciliata, nervus medius supra nervique secundarii subtus vestiti. Rami adulti, glabri, nigrescentes, sparsim cinerescentes, lenticellis parvis, longitudinaliter linearibus, vix conspicuis.
Stipulae mox caducae. Petioli longi (long. 20—25 mm.), supra non canaliculati. Folia, coriacea, in sicco fusco-pallida, obovata, basi cuneato — attenuata, apice obtusa, vel brevissime apiculata, nec nitida, margine leviter undulata (90—100 mm. long., 40—55 mm. lat.) nervo medio supra vix prominulo, nervis secundariis (12—14 utrinque) subtus prominulis, margine arcuatis, nervis ter- tiariis, transversalibus, tenuiter villosis, vix prominulis.
Racemi 5—6 floriferi. Flores magni, subsessiles; calycis tubus coriaceus, infundibuliformis (14 mm. long. — 11 mm. maxim. lat.), laciniis: 2 majoribus linearibus, tubum aequantibus (12 mm. long, -— 3 mm. lat.), 3 brevibus (3 mm. long.) reflexis; corollae tubus sub- cylindricus, apice subglobose dilatatus (10 mm. long. — 12 mm. max. lat.), lobis latis (32 mm. long. — 12 mm. lat.); antheris angustatis (5 mm. long. — 0,6 mm. lat.), connectivo subulato, antheram aequante.
48 261
Fructus immaturus, stellato-pilosus, turbinatus, alarum nervis vix prominulis. Fructus maturus, sphaericus (diam. 14—18 mm.), laevis, glaucus, apice pruinosus, calycis lobis 2 accrescentibus, coriaceis, glabris, parum inaequalibus, linearibus-oblongis, e basi brevissime angustatis, apice paulum attenuato-rotundatis (180—133 mm. long., larg. 20 mm.), nervis primariis 3, subtus prominulis, ditissime ra- mosis, calycis lobis 3 non accrescentibus, aequalibus, obtusis (10 mm. long., 6—7 mm. lat.).
A spec. affin.: Dipterocarpo turbinato Gaertn. f. differt foliis brevio- ribus, e basi. cuneiformibus, nervis secundariis, numerosioribus, pilosis nec scabris, fructu sphaerico nec ellipsoideo, nervisque alarum lateralibus vix conspicuis.
Jungle near Lem Dan, a very tall tree with bare stem (n° 518 a).
2. D. angustialatus Heim sp. nov.
Rami novelli compressi, puberulo-grisei. Rami adulti mox glabri, fusco-grisei, multis lenticellis punctulati. Stipulae gemmae acutae, angustae, fulvo-pilosae. Petioli longi, supra minute canali- culati, pilis fulvis, adpressis, obtecti (25—40 mm. long.).
Folia chartacea, in sicco fusca, obovato-oblonga, basi cuneato- attenuata, apice attenuata, breviter acuminata (130—160 mm. long. — 60—80 mm. larg.), margine leviter undulata nec nitida, in pagina superiore pilis adpressis fulvis fugacibus, praecipue in nervo medio et margine, ciliata, in pagina inferiore eisdem pilis nervus medius, nervi secundarii (utrinque 12—15) prominuli, margine arcuati dense, nervique tertiarii transversales, sparsim obtecti.
Racemi, glabrescentes, nigrescentes, 5-floriferi. Flores?
Fructus maturus sphaericus. apice paulum turbinatus, laevis, apice leviter pruinosus (diam. 20 mm.), calycis lobis majoribus accrescentibus 3, chartaceis, glabris, aequalibus, longis, linearibus, angustis, basi vix attenuatis, apice paulum attenuato-rotundatis (140 mm. long., 45 mm. larg.), nervis primariis 3, utrinque prominulis, ditissime ramosis, calycis lobis non accrescentibus 3, subaequalibus, obtusis (40—43 mm. long., 7—9 mm. larg.).
Spec. affin. Dipterocarpo vestito Wall., cujus fructus ignotus, differt praecipue fulvo-pubescentia nec stellato-canescentia.
Jungle near Klong Son, a tall tree (n° 686a). The native name of this tree is ,ton yang". Sect. Alati Dyer.
3. D. alatus Roxb. Hort. Beng. (1814) 42. Fl. Ind. Il, 614. Jungle near Klong Sarlakpet (n° 742). Area: Pegu, Tenasserim, Siam, Cambodia, Cochinchina.
4. D. parvifolius Heim. sp. nov.
Rami novelli compressi, fulvi, dense tomentosi. Rami adulti mox glabri, nigrescentes, rugosi, lenticellis non conspicuis. Stipulae
262 44,
mox caducae, gemmez breves, conicae, fulvo-villosae. Petioli_ sat breves (10—12 mm. long.), fulvo-villosi, supra minute canaliculati. Folia chartacea, in sicco ochracea nec nitida, ovata, basi plus minus attenuata, apice brevissime acuminata (45—75 mm. Jong., 32—40 mm. larg.), in margine minime undulata, in pagina superiore glabra, in pagina inferiori stellato-velutina; nervus medius supra vix pro- minulus, nervus medius nervique secundarii (utrinque 9—10), margine arcuati, infra paulum prominuli; nervi tertiarii sub-transversales. Racemi fulvo-sericeo dense tomentosi, 3—4 floriferi. Flores? Fructus maturus subsphaericus (diam. 10—13 mm.), tenuissime granulosus, pruinosus, ad angulos costis sub-aliformibus, angustis. (1—2 mm. lat.), calycis alis 2, chartaceis, glabris, subaequalibus, oblongis, e basi paullulum angustatis, apice rotundatis (60—70 mm.
long. — 18—20 mm. lat.), nervis primariis 4, utrinque prominulis, ditissime ramosis; calycis lobis non auctis 3, aequalibus (5 mm. long. — 6 mm. lat.) obtusis, 1 nonnunquam paulum accrescente
(30 mm. long: — 10mm. larg.).
Species Dipt. glanduloso Thw., ineano Roxb., praecipue artocarpi- folio Pierre, insularique Hance affinis; a glanduloso, ramulis 4—5 floriferis calycisque alis latioribus; ab inecano foliis basi attenuatis nec rotundatis vel subcordatis, ramulisque pauciflor.; ab insulari foliis fructusque alis multo brevioribus, calycis fructiferi tubo non piloso sat distincta.
Jungle near Lem Dan, a moderate sized tree (n° 620 a).
Anisoptera Korth.
5. A. Cochinchinensis Pierre. (in Lanessan — Pl. utiles colon. frane. (1886) 298. — Flor. forest. CGochinch. fase. 15 (1890), t. 235 A).
Area: Cochinchina.
Lem Dan, Klong Prao in the jungle (nos 225, 405, 713.4). The Siamese name of this tree is ,ton tabak“.
6. A. marginatoides Heim sp. nov.
Rami, racemi, flores? Folia coriacea, supra glabra, subtus tenuiter villosa, ovata, e basi rotundata, apice abrupte brevissimeque acuminata (140 mm. long. — 75 mm. lat.); costa supra concava, subtus proeminens, nervi secundarii (utrinque 20-24) subtus pro- minuli, margine arcuati, nervi tertiarii transversales. — Fructus (immaturus, sterilis) breviter pedicellatus, receptaculo sub-hemis- phaerico (diam. 6mm.), tenuiter punctulato-villoso; stamina persis- tentia, filamento brevi (0,3 mm. long.), antherarum loculis inaequalibus (in st. major. 1 mm., in minor. 0,7 mm. anther. long.) connectivo longe aristato (in st. major. 2mm., in st. min. 1,5 mm. long.); stylopodio breve, ovoideo (4mm. long. — 1,5 mm. lat.) stylo tridentato; calycis alis 2 papyraceis subglabris, linearibus, basi valde angustatis, apice ovato-rotundatis (70—75 mm. long. — 10 mm. max. lat.), nervis primariis utrinque prominulis, alis minoribus, non auctis, 3 brevibus, triangulare-acutissimis (8 mm. long. — 1,5 mm. lat.).
45 263
Species Anisopterae marginatae Korth. affinis; foliorum nervis secun-
dariis numerorioribus, pagina villosa, antheris brevioribus, aristé longiore differt.
Jungle at Klong Munsé, a tall tree (n° 508 C).
Shorea Roxb.
Sect. Hushorea Pierre. 7. §S. obtusa Wall. (List. (1828) n° 966). . Koh-changensis Heim var. nov.
eee pagina inferior non cinerea sed glabra, in axilla nervorum secundariorum pauciorum -glandulae nullae; fructus obsphaericus nec lanceolatus, basi alarum omnino tectus.
Klong Sarlakpet in the jungle near the sea, a very tall tree (No. 726 C). Area of type: Birmania, Cambodia.
8. .§. robusta Goertn. f. (Fruct. Ill (1805), 48, t. 186). Var. Schmidtii Heim. Var. nov.
Fructum solum vidi, valde majorem (27 mm. long.) quam in
typo, cotyledone placentar. multilobulato. Forsitan potius S. valgari Pierre. cujus fructus ignotus, referenda.
Jungle at Klong Son (n° 508 e). Area of type: Cochinchina.
Sect. Hopeoides Heim.
9. S. hypochra Hance (Journ. of Bot. XIV (1876), 242). Klong Munsé, Klong Son, in the jungle (Nos 279, 508 d, 818). Area: Cochinchina.
10. §. Henryana Pierre. (in Lanessan — Pl. utiles colon. franc. 1886, 302. — Flor. forest. Cochinch. fasc. 15 (1890), t. 229).
Var. rigida Heim var. nov.
Folia rigida, glabra. Sepala petalaque breviora. Stamina 20 nec 25, connectivo non ciliato.
Jungle near Lem Dan, a small tree. Area of type: Cochinchina.
Pentacme A. DC.
11. P. suavis A. DC. (Prodr. XVI, pars 2 (1864), 526).
Var. laevis Pierre (Flor. forest. Cochinch. fasc. 15 (1890), t. 225). Klong Prao, on rocks in the jungle (No. 706 a).
Area: Birmania, regnum Siamicum, Cochinchina.
264. 46
Var. obtusifolia Heim var. nov.
Flores? Rami novelli, foliaeque glabri; folia minora, basi apiceque obtusa vel ob-cordata, papyracea. Fructus immaturus, basi alarum longiorum omnino inclusus.
Klong Majum, alt. 700 ft., on rocks in the jungle; a small tree (No. 595).
Hopea Roxb. Sect. Huhopea. 12. H. Schmidtii Heim sp. nov.
Rami, racemi, flores? Folia (in specimine unica) papyracea, glabra, in sicco pallida, ovata, e basi attenuata, apice abrupte breviterque acuminata (100mm. long. — 50mm. lat.), costa supra tenuiter concava, subtus velutino-villosa, nervi secundarii (utrinque 19) tenuiter prominuli, arcuati, demum intramarginales, nervi tertiarii transversales, ditissime ramosi.
Fructus maturus, ovoideus (13—14 mm. long. — 8—9 mm. lat.), calycis basi inclusus, apice liber. Pericarpium crustaceum; calycis alae 2 magnae, glabrae, nitidae, aequales, lineares, arcuate, basi laeviter angustatae, apice rotundatae, nervis primariis (7-9) utrinque tenuiter prominulis, nervis tertiariis transversalibus tenuiter ramosis; calycis lobi non aucti 3, breves, subaequales, ovato-rotundati (60 mm. long. — 50 mm. lat.); embryo ovoideus, carnosus (20 mm. long. -— 21mm. lat.), cotyledonibus inaequalibus; cotyl. exteriore, emarginato, profunde bilobato, cotyl. placentar. duplo brevioris, lobis liberis.
Jungle near Klong Son (No. 508 a).
Sect. Dryobalanoides Miq. 13. HH. siamensis Heim nov. sp.
Rami, ramuli, folia, flores? Fructus (maturus) parvissimus, breviter pedicellatus (1 mm. long.), ovoideo-conicus (7 mm. long. — 5mm, lat.), acumine brevissimo (1 mm.), acuto, stylopodio vix con- spicuo, glaberrimus, calycis lobis basi inclusus, apice liber; alis % laeviter inaequalibus (36—38 mm. long. — 7—8 mm. lat.), attenuatis, apice rotundatis, glabris, nervis primariis vix conspicuis: 7; calycis labis non auctis, ovato-rotundatis, brevibus (5 mm. long. — 5 mm. lat.), cotyledonibus carnosis, cotyl. exteriore apice emarginato, con- vexo-concavo, cotyl. placentar. profunde bilobato, triangulare-pyra- midato, radicula fere inclusa.
Species H. Treubii Heim affinis; ab hae specie fructus exiguitate sat distincta.
Jungle near Klong Son (No. 408 c).
Sect. Hancea Heim. 14, I. avellanea Heim nov. sp.
Rami novelli compressi, cinereo-nigrescentes, glabri. Folia parva, glaberrima, in sicco avellanea, chartacea, margine revoluta, ovato-
47 265
lanceolata (45—55 mm. long. — 15—26 mm. lat.), acumine breve spatulato (4—6 mm. long.); petiolus brevis (4—5 mm. long.), supra minute canaliculatus; costa supra tenuiter concava, subtus valde proeminens; nervi secundarii numerosissimi, supra vix conspicui, subtus alteri prominuli, arcuati, demum intramarginales, alteri alternantes, paralleli, vix conspicui, nervi tertiarii transversales, non bene conspicui. Racemi tenuissimi, ut videtur multifloriferi. Flores? Fructus maturus (in specimine unicus) parvissimus (7 mm. long. — 5 mm. lat.), breviter pedicellatus (1,5 mm.), breviter ovoideo-acumi- natus (1 mm.), stylopodio nullo, basi calycis omnino inclusus, alis 2 aequalibus, glabris nec nitidis, basi valde attenuatis, apice attenuato- rotundatis (33 mm. long. — 6 mm. lat.), calycis lobis non auctis 3: { subaliforme (7 mm. long.), 2 brevibus, ovatis (6 mm. long. — 4mm. lat.). Pericarpium crustaceum. Embryo (immaturus) Hanceae, co- tyledonibus valde inaequalibus, radicula exserta.
Species H. grisew Brandis affinis; ab hac specie petioli laminaeque exiguitate sat distincta.
Klong Munsé, branches and fruit shot down from a very tall tree in the jungle (No. 420).
Tavle 1.
Botanisk Tidsskrift, Bd. 25.
AN ETT MMI KWKDDKRINS! ron)
———
6
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aver TTTTTTETTI TTT TET TTT Ty Cae LLCLUULULMLUITIL-LLELUT HILL EELS 9
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CONTENT OF PRECEDING PARTS.
Part 1.
Jous. ScHMIDT: Introductory. FP. KRANZLIN: Orchidaceae, Apostasiaceae. .
Part II. M. Fosiie: Corallinaceae.
Part Ill. C. B. GLARKE: Cyperaceae. E. Hacxet: Gramineae. j iH, Crist: Pteridophyta (Selaginella . auet, iG. Hieronymus). V. F. BROTHERUS: Bryales.
Part IV. : W. West and G. S. West: Fresh Water Chlorophyceae. TH. REINBOLD: Marine Algae (Chlorophyceae , a Dictyo- tales, Rhodophyceae). M.Gomonr: Myxophyceae ‘hormogoneae. Jous. ScHMIDT : Peridiniales.
Part V.
C. B. CLARKE: Composttae, Umbelliferae.
Jous. Scum: Rhizophoraceae.
OvE PAULSEN: Fagaceae.
F. K. Ravn: Loranthaceae.
Eve. WARMING: ‘Podostemaceae.
C: H. Ostenre.p: Hydrocharitaceae, Lemnaceae, Pontederiacéae, Pota- - mogetonaceae, Gentianaceae (Limnanthemum), Nymphaeaceae.°
H. Harms: Leguminosae.
_K. ‘ScHUMANN: Scitamineae.
A, Ene.er: Araceae.
F, Srepuan: Hepaticae.
Part VI. K. Scuumann: Rubiaceae. C. B. CLARKE: Lythraceae, Melastomaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Acanthaceae. O. Warpur@: Urticaceae. . E. RostRUP and G: Massre: Fungi
PRELIMINARY REPORT ON THE BOTANICAL RESULTS OF THE DANISH EXPEDITION | TO SIAM (1899— 1900).
Flora of Koh Chang.
Contributions to the knowledge of the vegetation in the Gulf of Siam.
By
Johs. Schmidt.
Part VIII. |
E. Gstrup: Marine Diatoms.
C. H. Ostenfeld: Gymnospermae, Pandanaceae, Smilaceae, Commely- naceae, Amaryllidaceae, Taccaceae, Dioscoreaceae.
V. A. Poulsen: Eriocaulaceae.
Johs. Schmidt: Combretaceae.
Carl Mez: Myrsinaceae.
H. Hallier: Convolvulaceae.
C. B. Clarke: Verbenaceae, Labiatae.
Reprinted from Botanisk Tidsskrift Vol. 26. Juni 1904.
Copenhagen. Printed by Bianco Luno. 1904.
Flora of Koh Chang.
Contributions to the knowledge of the vegetation in the Gulf of Siam. By Johs. Schmidt.
Part VIII. (E. Ostrup: Marine Diatoms. — (. H. Ostenfeld: Gymnospermae, Pandanaceae, Smilaceae, Commelynaceae, Amaryllidaceae, Taccaceae, Dioscoreaceae. — V. A.
Poulsen: Eriocaulaceae. — Johs. Schmidt: Combretaceae. — Carl Mez: Myrsina- ceae. — H. Hallier: Convolvulaceae. — C. B. Clarke: Verbenaceae, Labiatae.)
Marine Diatoms’).
by E. Ostrup — Copenhagen. With Plate 1 and 2.
The following list of marine Diatoms has resulted from the examination of 74 samples collected by the Danish expedition to Siam (1899— 1900).
The localities of these samples are:
Koh Kahdat in the text abbreviated to K Kt 42 samples. Lem Ngob a ae 7 » LN 9 i Koh Kam a ee . » KKm 3 ‘ Koh Mesan ae gd i » KMn 9 ‘ Between Koh Mesan
and Cap Liant , , i » KMn—CLt 4 H Between Koh Mesan
and Koh Chuen , , i » KMn—KCn 1 ‘
1) When in the following list the genera have been arranged as in F. Schiitt: Bacillariaceae (Engler & Prantl: Nat. Pflanzenfam. I, 1896, p.55 ff.), this has been made according to the wish of the editor of ,Flora of Koh Chang‘. As to the Marine Plankton Diatoms see the paper by C. H. Ostenfeld in »Flora of Koh Chang“, Part VII, reprinted from Bot. Tidsskr. Vol. 25, 1902.
268 116
Koh Chang in the text abbreviated to K Cg 1 sample. Between Koh Chang
and Koh Lom , , ‘i » KCg—KLm 1 . Koh Chuen fe A * » KCn 1 ‘i Koh Chick a ae 3 » KCk 1 * Koh Sakait a ae ; » KS 1 $i Koh Chang Noi, . , ‘i » KCoN 1 * Tung Kaben , , y * » IK 1 Without habitat
(sine loco) , 4» » . » sl 6 :
Total 74 samples.
Bacillariaceae. A. Centricae.
Coscinodisceae. Melosira Ag. Podosira Ehb. 1. M. Montagnei Ktz. V.H. Syn. tab. LXXXIV, figs. 11—12.
KCg, KKm, KKt, KMn—CLt, s. 1. (12 samples). Area: Atlantic coasts of Europe, Mediterranean, West India, Samarang.
Paralia Heib. 2. PD. suleata (Ehb.) Cl. var. coronata (Bhr.) Grun. V. H. Syn. t. XCI, fig. 17. KKm, KKt, KMn—CLt, LN (10 samples). Area: the main species ubiquitous. The var. coronata: Java, Tahiti.
Hyalodiscus hb.
3. WL stelliger Bail. V.H. Syn. tab. LXXXIV, fig. 1. K Km, KKt, KMn—CLt (3 samples).
Area: The coasts of Europe, Delaware, Sierra Leone, China, Bengal, Java, Tahiti.
Cyclotella Ktz.
4. €. striata W. Sm. var. Stylorum Bright. forma minuta V. H. Syn. tab. XCIIl, fig. 5.
117 269
K Kt, TK, s.1. (6 samples).
Area: Labuan, Bengal, Sierra Leone. forma minuta: Sierra Leone.
5. @. transsylvanica Pant. var. disseminato-punctata Pant. Pant. Ung. III, tab. XXXV, fig. 511. Tab. nostr. I, fig. 2.
Diam. 0,016 mm.
Valve circular. Marginal strie 7 in 0,01 mm. Inframarginal puncta so arranged that they form sectors separated by structure- less interstices on the elevated part of the valve; on the depressed part they are more irregularly dispersed.
LN (2 samples; only two specimens met with). Area: Képecz (fossil).
Coscinodiscus Ehb.
6. ¢. cocconeiformis A.S. var. tenuior A.S. A.S. Atl. tab. LVIIL, fig. 27.
Found only in a sample from KKm. Area: Leton Bank (A.8.).
7. ©. denarius A.S. A.S. Atl. tab. LVII, figs. 19—21. KKm, KCn, KMn—CLt (6 samples). Area: Campeachy Bank, Sansego, Madagascar, Antarctic Ocean.
8. @. excentricus Ehb. V.H. Syn. tab. GXXX, fig. 4. KKt (5 samples). Area: ubiquitous.
9. €. lineatus Ehb. V.H. Syn. tab. CXXXI, fig. 3.
Found only in a sample from LN. Area: ubiquitous.
10. €. minor Ehb. A.S. Atl. tab. LVI, figs. 39—40. KMn—CLt (1 sample). Area: ubiquitous.
11. ©. nitidus Greg. var. sparsa Ratt. A.S. Atl. tab. LVI, fig. 17. KKm, KKt, KMn—CLt, LN (5 samples).
Area: the main species: ubiquitous, var. sparsa: Campeachy Bank.
12. €. nodulifer Janisch. A.S. Atl. tab. LIX, figs. 21—23. KKm, KKt, KCn, KMn—CLt, LN (17 samples). Area: dispersed, especially in the southern Seas.
270 118
13. €. subeoncavus Grun. A.S. Atl. tab. LIX, figs. 12—13. KKm, KKt, TK, s.1. (4 samples). Area: Simbirsk (foss.), Java.
Actinodisceae.
Schuettia de Toni.
14, 8. annulata (Wall.) de Toni var. minor Grun. V.H. Syn. tab. CXXIV fig. 13.
Solitary in two samples from KKt and LN.
Area: Mer du Sud (Grunow in V.H. Syn. l.c.).
Actinoptychus Ehb.
15. A. vulgaris Schum. var. australis Grun. V.H. Syn. tab. CXXI, fig. 8.
Solitary in a sample from K Kt.
Area: Northern Australia.
— -- var. tropiea Brun. Le Diat. 1893, tab. XXIV, fig. 4.
Area: Indian Ocean.
16. A. moronensis (Grev.) Cl. var. guttata Ost. n. var. Tab. nostr. 1, fig. 1, cfr. Grev. Trans. Mier. XIV, N.S., tab. XI, fig. 14. Diameter 0,069 mm.
This form must surely be considered a variety of A. moron., of which it partakes the very peculiar radiating structure of the processi- ferous sectors. On the other hand the sectors without processes do not possess the deltoid depression mentioned and figured by Grevllle, but are spotted on a ground of decussate striae.
KKt (only one specimen met with).
Area: A. moron. Moravian Tegel, where it hecomes somewhat larger (up to 0,26 mm.) and sometimes is more flattened and slightly hexagonal (Cleve Mor. Tegel P. 172). Moron deposit (Greville Lc.)
Eupodisceae.
Actinocyclus Ehb.
17. A. australis Grun. V.H. Syn. tab..CVXV, fig. 7. Solitary in a sample from TK. Area: Pacific.
18. A. moniliformis Ralfs. Hantzsch Ost. Archip. tab. VI A, fig. 9. Solitary in a sample from K Kt.
119 971
Among the many figures of 4. monilif. quoted by Rattray (Actinoc. P. 182) only the above by Hantzsch corresponds exactly to the form met with by me.
Area: ubiquitous.
19. A. erassus V.H. Syn. tab. CXXIV, figs. 6 & 8. KKm. KKt, LN (4 samples). Area: England, Ireland, Belgium, Denmark.
NB. Rattray (Actinoc. p. 154) gives this species under .4. subcrassus Ratt., as he means that W. Smith’s A. /Eupodiscus)/ crassus (W. Sm. Syn. I, tab. IV, fig. 41) cannot be identical with the species figured by van Heurck ].c. and referred by him to A. (Eupodiscus) crassus W. Sm. In his Traité des Diat. p. 524—25 van Heurck however points out that the form figured by him agrees with original specimens of A. (Hupodiscus) crassus signed by W. Smith himself. A. (Hupodiscus) crassus W. 5m. is referred by Rattray (l.c. p. 173) to the widely distributed .Act. Ehren- bergit Ralfs.
20. A. subocellatus (Grun.) Ratt. A.S. Atl. tab. LVII, fig. 31. Solitary in a sample from K Kt.
Resembles with regard to the striation more Coscinodiscus curvatulus Grun. var latius striata Ratt. A. 8. 1. c. fig. 30, but the pseudonodule are very evident.
Area: Bolivian Guano, Cape of Good Hope, Kerguelen Island, Table Bay, dredgings off Vancouver Island and off Heard Island.
Probably it is the same form that Cleve (Ind. Ocean & Mal. Archip. p. 32) quotes from Java sub A. Coscinodiseus curvatulus Grun.
21. A. subtilis Ralfs forma subtilissima. Cfr. V.H. Syn. tab. CXXIV, fig. 7.
Surface convex, diam. c. 0,13 mm., rows towards the centrum 16 in 0,01 mm. ‘
K Kt (17 samples).
Area: the main species ubiquitous.
Dr. Henri Van Heurck, wo has been kind enough to compare the present form with typical 4. subt. from his rich collections, says that it differs: 1) par sa forme notablement plus bombé, 2) par sa grande minceur et sa fragilité, 3) par sa striation infinement plus fine. Ce serait done une forma subtilissima ou une espéce nouvelle trés proche du sub- tilissima que j’en ferais*; but Dr. Van Heurck adds ,n’ayant vu qu'une seule valve, je ne voudrais pas porter une jugement absolu, avant de faire cela il, faudrait voir et comparer un certain nombre de valves‘.
According to Rattray (Actin. p. 188) the size of the typical species is 0,0498 mm.—0.0757 mm.; the present form is nearly twice as large, but Dr. H. Van Heurck has sent me some photographical copies of an Actinoc. subt. from Sandwich Islands which had the same size; further Dr. Van Heurck tells me that he has specimens from the same place which are ,encore notablement plus grandes‘.
972 120
Auliscus Ehb. 29. 4. ewlatus Bail. var. latecostata A.S. Leud. Fortm. Ceyl. t. VII, fig. 66. KKt, KCn, KMn—CLt (4 samples). Area: Campeachy Bay. Bass Strait, Yokohama, Holothurians Java.
23. A. reticulatus Grev. A.S. Atl, tab. XXX, fig. 4.
Solitary in a sample from KKt.
Area: Peru, Holothurians California, Zanzibar, Amboina, Bass Strait.
Heliopelta sp. A fragment only which could not be determined, met with in one sample from KKm.
Chaetocereae.
Bacteriastrum Shad.
24, R. varians L. V.H. Syn. tab. LXXX, figs, 3—5, KKm, KM—CLt, KS, TK (5 samples). Occurs generally only as fragments.
Area: Mediterranean, Red Sea, Guli of Aden. Indian Sea, Malay Archi- pelago, South China Sea (C. H. Ostenfeld: Marine Plankton Diatoms in ,Flora of Koh Chang* Part VII, p. 232, reprinted from Bot. Tidsskr. Vol. 25, Aug. 1902).
Chaetoceras Ehb. 95. ¢. diversum Cl. Leud. Fortm. la Mal. tab. VI, fig. 1 (Ch. rude L.F.).
Solitary in a sample from K Km.
Area: Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean, Indian Ocean, Malay Archipelago (Ostenfeld 1. c. p, 235 (17)).
26. @. leve Leud. Fortm. L.F. la Mal. tab. VI, fig. 2: Solitary in a sample from K Kt. Area: Sea of Java (Ostenfeld 1. c. p. 237 (19)).
27, (. Lorenzianum Grun. Grun. Wien. Aka, 1863, tab. XIV, fig. 13. Occurs as fragments in two samples from K Kt.
Area: Atlantic from North Sea southwards, Mediterranean, Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, Malay Archipelago, Hongkong (Ostenfeld l.c. p. 237 (19)).
Biddulphieae.
Triceratium Ehb.
28, 1. bieorne Cl. A.S. Atl. tab. LXXVID, figs. 24—25. Kkm, KKt (4 samples). Area: St. Bartholomew, California, Madagascar, Java.
121 973
29. '. eireulare Grun. forma IV—appendiculata V.H. Syn. tab. CVIII, fig. 10.
K Kt (3 samples).
Area: Barbadoes.
30. 1. dubinm Bright. A.5. Atl. tab. LXXVIII, figs. 34—35. KCn, KKt, K Mn—CLt (22 samples).
Area: Campeachy Bay, Madagascar, Algoa Bay, Malay Archipelago, Sand- wich Islands.
31. T. orbiculatam Shad. Jan & Rabh. Hond. tab, Il, fig. 5. Only found in a sample without habitat. Area: Honduras, Port Natal, Malay Archipelago.
32. T. punctatum Bright. forma trigona minuta V.H. Syn. tab. CIX, fig. 10.
KKt (3 samples). Area: Seychelles.
33. T. scitulum Bright. A.S. Atl. tab. LXXXII, fig. 11. KKm, KMn—CLt (2 samples). Area: Gulf of Mexico, Campeachy Bay, Malay Archipelago.
— — forma qvadrata A.S. Atl. tab. LXXXIV, figs 5—6. KKm (2 samples). Area: CGampeachy Bay ; Singapore.
34. 7. Shadboltianum Grev. A.S. Atl. tab. LXXX, figs. 18—19.
Found only in a sample from K Kt.
Area: Samoa, Tahiti.
This species is (Ind. Oc. & Malay Archip. p. 32) referred by Cleve to Trie. orbiculatum Shadb.
35. J. (Amphitetras) parvulum Jan. & Rabh. Jan & Rabh. Hond. tab. I, fig. 4.
KKt (2 samples). Area: Honduras.
36. Triceratium sp. Tab. nostr. I, fig. 4.
Triangular with a single prominent central spine. Distance between the angles 0,047 mm., striee counted along the margin 14 in 0,01 mm. radiated and composed of puncta.
Solitary in a sample labelled: ,Off Tung Kaben‘. 18
274
12
we
I think this form is nearly allied to Triceratium (Odontella discigera
var.?) Californicum Grun. in V. H. Syn. tab, CVIIL, fig. 11 (from Dépét de Santa Monica).
Biddulphia Gray.
37. B. aurita Lyngbye. V.H. Syn. tab. CXCVIII, fig. 4.
KKt (2 samples).
Area: Atlantic coasts of America and Europe, Arctic Ocean, Madagascar, Java.
38. B. membranacea Cl. Leud. Fortm. Afr. occ. tab. VII, fig. 1 & 4.
KCn, KKt (3 samples). Area: Ile St. Thome (Lend. Fortm.), Honolulu, Ceylon, Malay Archi-
pelago.
Tab.
39. B. minutissima Grev. Grev. South. Pacif. tab. VI, fig. 14.
Solitary in a sample from KKt. Area: Zanzibar. In a dredging off the island of Arran (Greville).
40. 8. pulehella Gray. V.H. Syn. tab. CXCVIIE, figs. 1-—3. KKm, KKt, K Mn--CLt (17 samples). Area: probably ubiquitous.
41. B. reticulata Roper. V.H. Syn. tab. CI, figs. 1—2. A.S. Atl. LXXVII, fig. 22.
KKt, KMn—CLt (6 samples).
Area: Ceylon, Natal, Honduras, Madagascar, Malay Archipelago, Tahiti.
Samoa, Hawaii.
— — forma trigona. V.H. 1. c. fig. 3. Only found in a sample without habitat. Area: Madagascar, Java.
42. B. Tuomeyi (Bail.) Roper. V.H. Syn. tab. CXCVII, figs. 1—2. KKm, KKt, KMn—CLt (5 samples). Area: Campeachy Bay, Campeachy Bank, Mediterranean, Mazatlan, Val
paraiso, Nankoori, Madagascar, King Mill Island, Malay Archipelago.
Isthmia Ag.
43. I. nervosa Ktz. W.Sm. Syn. tab. XLVIL Solitary in a sample from K Kt. Area: Sct. Francisco, Honduras, Europe, Arctic Ocean, Madagascar,
Kerguelen.
=
bO
wo bo Q ur
Hemiaulus Ehb.
44. Hi. Heibergii Cl. Cl. Diat. Java. tab. 1, fig. 4. KKm, KKt (2 samples).
Area: Japan. China, Indian Ocean, Arafura, Malay Archipelago, Tropical Atlantic.
Terpsinoé Ehb. 45. TT. americana Ralfs. A.S. Atl. tab. CC, fig. 9.
Solitary in a sample from K Cg.
Area: Venice, Florida, Neuse River, Cape of Good Hope, Yokohama, Australia, Samoa.
Rutilaroideae.
Rutilaria Grev.
46. R. recens Cl. Cl. New. Diat. tab. IV, fig.57a &b. V.H. Syn. tab. CV, fig. 9. Tab. nostr. I, fig. 5.
KKm, KMn—CLt, KS (5 samples).
Area: Galepagos.
As it may be seen of my figure compared with those quoted above by Cleve and Van Heurck the present form is somewhat more elegant. Cleve (lc. p. 19) figures and mentions some ,strongly marked puncta‘, which are not very conspicuous in Van Heurck’s figure and that I have not seen in my specimens. Van Heurck thinks that the somewhat unsymmetrical sculpture shown in his figure ,ferait croire 4 une Euodiée“. Cleve whose figures do not show any unsymmetrical sculpture however points out that his Ruéilaria recens is ,very allied to the genus Cymato- sira Grun., of which the only known species C. Lorenziana Grun. has also marginal bristles‘. As my form do not possess ,strongly marked puncta‘, i. e. the character which should entitle its affinity to Rutilaria, and as it does not show an unsymmetrical sculpture, | am most inclined to think it allied to Cymatosira Grun.
B. Pennatae.
Tabellarieae.
Rhabdonema Kiz. 47, KR. adriaticum Ktz. V.H. Syn. tab. LIV, figs. 11—13.
Common in the samples (25) from K Kt.
Area: ubiquitous. 18*
276 124
Striatella Ag.
48. §. hyalina (Jan. & Rabenh.) Rabenh. Jan. & Rabenh. Hondur. tab. II, fig. 13.
KKt (1 sample). Area: Honduras.
49. §, delicatula (Ktz.) Grun. var. gibbosa Ostr. n. var. Tab. nostr. I, fig. 13.
L. 0,01 mm., b. 0,00¢ mm. Striae very fine. Valve gibbous in the middle.
Found only in two samples from KKt., but this very small hyaline form may easily be overlooked,
Area: the main species: probably widely distributed.
Climacosira Grun.
50. €. mirifiea (W.Sm.) Grun. Jan. & Rab. Hond. tab. II, fig. 19. KKt (6 samples).
Area: Brezil, West Indies, Red Sea, Mauritius, Madagascar, Malay Archi- pelago, Samoa, Tahiti, Hawaii.
Grammatophora Ehb.
51. G. marina (Lyngb.) Ktz. var. undulata Ehb. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. LXXXVII, fig. 24. KkKm, K Kt (6 samples).
Area: the coasts of Europe and America, Madagascar, Ceylon, East Indian Archipelago, Tahiti.
The present form corresponds exactly to the above figurs by Pera- gallo but is more closely striate (2Q0—22 str. in 0,01 mm.).
52. G. oceanica Ehb. var. macilenta W. Sm. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. LXXXVII, figs. 15—17.
KKm, KKt, KMn—CLt, LN (14 samples).
Area: the main species: Europe, Gape Horn, Borneo, Ceylon. var. macilenta: in aqvis marinis ad oras Europae passim (de Toni). Madagascar, Java, Samoa, Tahiti, Hawaii.
Denticula Ktz.
53. D. subtilis Grun. V.H. Syn. tab. XLIX, figs. 10—12. LN (1 sample). Area: England.
125 277
Meridioneae.
Opephora Petit.
54. 0. pacifica (Grun.) Petit. Grun. Wien. Akad. 1862. tab. V, fig. 19. Solitary in a sample from K Kt. Area: in mari pacifico boreali (Grun.), Labuan (Cleve), Samoa,Hawaii.
Trachysphenia Petit.
55. T. australis H. L. Sm. var.? Aucklandiea Grun. V. H. Syn. tab. XXXVII, fig. 1. ‘
Solitary in a sample from KKt.
Area: Royal Sound, Kerguelens Land, Borneo, Labuan, Port Jackson.
Licmophora Ag.
56. L. flabellata (Carm.) Ag. V.H. Syn. tab. XLVI, figs. 2—3. KKt, KMn—CLt (3 samples). Area: the coasts of Europe, Ceylon, Malay Archipelago, Hawaii.
In a sample from KMn—CLt I have found a Licmophora, in shape and striation agreeing with L. Aurivillii Cl. (Ind. Oc. & Mal. Archip. p. 58, fig. 2 but only 0,13 mm. long (L. Aurivillii is 0,8 mm. long).
57. L. gracilis (chb.) Grun. V. H. Syn. tab. XLVI, fig. 13. K Kt (2 samples). Area: Europe.
58. L. Jiirgensi Ag. var. intermedia Grun. V.H. Syn. tab. XLVI, fig. 9.
Found only in a sample without habitat.
Area: Europe, Guadeloupe.
59. L. Remulus Grun. V.H. Syn. tab. XLVI, fig. 4. Found only in a sample from LN. Area: Adriatic, Honduras, Mauritius.
Climacosphenia Ehb.
60. C€. elongata Bail. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. LXXXVI, figs. 3—4. Hantzsch Ost. Arch. tab. V, fig. 1 (C. indica).
KKt, LN (25 samples).
Area: widely distributed, as far as I know, along the coast of the Southern Seas.
De Toni (Syll. p. 739—741) gives four species of this genus, but Grunow certainly is right when he says (Novara Exp. p.5): ,Die Unter-
278 196
scheidung aller Climacosphenia-Arten ist tiberhaupt héchst prekiér*. In settling the above ,area“ I therefore paid for the localities of all the four species. The area of C. elongata Bail. is given by de Toni (1. c. p. 740) thus: ,in mari rubro frequens in primis ad Laurencias et in mari atlantico ad oras Americe borealis et Brasilie: ad algas ex insulis Canariensibus et ex insula Guadelupa‘.
Euphyllodium Shadbolt.
61. E. spathnlatum Shadbolt. Tab. nostr. I, figs. 3a—e.
L. up to 0,1 mm., max. breadth up to 0,05 mm. The ribs counted at the median line, above-+6, in the middle 4,4, below 3 in 0,01 mm. Between the ribs square alveoli 6 in 0,01 mm. The frustule cuneiform.
K Kt (22 samples), KCg—KLm (1 sample), s.1. (2 samples).
Area: Mediterranean, Adriatic, the coasts of England and America borealis, Ile San Thome, Madagascar, Funafuti, Malay Archipelago, Ceylon, Nankoori, Samoa, Hawaii.
I think that E. spathulatum is identical with Podocystis australica Witt (de Toni p. 602) and P. africana Leud. Fortm. (L.F. Afr. occid. p. 31, tab. VI, fig. 2). According to de Toni both P. africana and P. australica are small forms, their maximal length being 0,04 mm. The present form is larger, and thus it agrees well with the figure by Grunow in Wien. Akad. 1862, tab. X, fig. 18 which (measured on the figure) shows the dimensions L. c.0,1 mm., B. 0,05 mm. The form from Nankoori (Grun. Novara Exp. tab. 1 A, fig. 9) is still somewhat larger and by Leud. Fortm. (l.c. p. 31) the dimensions of £. spath. are given as L. 0,16 mm., B. 0,09mm. and of P. africana as L. 0,29 mm., B. 0,11 mm. However must be added, that the figures of Leud. Fortm. shows less dimensions.
Fragilarieae.
Plagiogramma Grev.
62. P, Atomus Grev. Grev. South Pacific. tab. XII, fig. 9. A.S. Atl. tab. CCXI, fig. 20.
KKt (2 samples).
Area: Woodlark Islands, Ceylon, Java.
63. P. decussatum Grev. A.S. Atl. tab. LXXVI, figs. 28--29. Found only in a sample from K Kt.
Area: Virginian Islands, St. Helena, Sharks Bay, Madagascar, Zanzibar, Labuan, Ceylon, Java.
64. P. Gregorianum Grev. A.S. Atl. tab. CCIX, fig. 35. K Kt; LN (6 samples). Area: Greenland, Europe, Honduras, Ceylon, Samoa.
127 279
65. P. labuense Cl. Cl. Vega Exp. tab. XXXVII, fig. 62.
Solitary in a sample from KKt. Area: Borneo.
66. P. polygibbum Cl. & Grove. Leud. Fortm. Ceylon tab. IX, fig. 90. Solitary in a sample from K Kt. Area: Macassar Street, Ceylon, Malay Archipelago.
67. P. pulchellum Grev. Grev. Mic. Journ. 1859, tab. X, figs. 4—6. KKt, KKm, KMn—C Li (4 samples).
Area: Nassau, New Providence, Jamaica, Californian Guano, Borneo, Ceylon.
68. P. Robertsianum Grev. Trans. Mic. Soc. XI, N.S., tab. I, fig. 1 —2.
L. 0,03 mm., b. 0,0072 mm. Strie more than 20 in 0,01 mm. very delicate. I am not able to see any longitudinal striation.
Solitary in a sample from KKt. Area: Port Stephen, New South Wales.
This Plagiogramma of which I have seen but a single specimen agrees in its whole habit well with the above quoted figure by Greville, but it is much more closely striate. As I have not been able to see any longitudinal striation, I dare not refer it to P. interruptum (Greg.) Ralfs var. adriatica Grun. (Cl. Vega Exp. tab. XXXVII, fig. 61), the species to which it comes nearest by its more delicate striation but from which it differs by its breadth.
Area for P. int. adriat.: Adriatic, Borneo.
69. P. pygmeum Grev. Grev. Micr. Journ. 1859, tab. X, fig. 11. K Kt (4 samples). Area: Nassau, New Providence, Cap of good Hope, Red Sea, Ceylon.
70. P. Seyechellarum Grun. Cl. Vega Exp. tab. XXXVII, fig. 59. KKm (1 sample). Area: Seychelles, Labuan, Borneo.
71. P. sumatrense Leud. Fortm. Leud. Fortm. Ja Mal. tab. II, fig. 12. Solitary in a sample from KK1. Area: Sumatra.
72. P. tenuistriatum Cl. Cl. Vega Exp. tab. XXXVII, fig. 63. Solitary in a sample from K Kt. Area: Borneo.
73. P. tesselatum Grev. Grev. Micr. Jour. 1859, tab. X, fig. 7. KKt, KMn--CLt (4 samples). Area: Borneo, between Aden and Bab el Mandeb, Californian Guano.
280 128
Raphoneis Ehb. 74. JR. amphiceros Ehb. Cl. Vega Exp. tab. XXVII, fig. 52a. V-.H. Syn. tab. XXXVI, fig. 20 (var. rhombica). KKm, KKt (6 samples).
Area: on the coasts of Europe, Rio Grande, ,in Virginia et Marylandia (Ehb. sec. de Toni), Borneo.
«
-- — var. eruciata CI. Jan. & Rabh. Hond. tab. I, fig. 5. V.H. Syn. tab. CXVI, fig. 16.
KKt, LN (11 samples).
Area: Honduras, Seychelles, Java, Samoa.
75. R. bilineata Cl. & Grun. Cl. Vega Exp. tab. XXXVII, fig. 55 b. KKt (9 samples). Area: Borneo, Ceylon, Java.
The specimens examined by me are often rather small and com- paratively broad (L. 0,015 mm., b. 0,008 mm.) and the apices less pro- tracted. It thus gets a certain resemblance to Gephyria sp. in Castracane (Chall. Exp. tab. XXV, fig. 19) and to Gephyria Castracanei Leud. Fortm. (la Mal. tab. II, fig. 8).
In a sample labelled ,Off Koh Kam‘ [ found a Raphoneis, of which I have (tab. I, fig. 6) given a figure. Probably it is R. bilineata Cl. & Grun. var. contracta Grun. (enfr. Cl. Vega Exp. p. 499).
76. R. marginulata Cl]. & Grun. Cl. Vega Exp. tab. XXXVII, fig. 57. KKt, LN (2 samples). Area: Seychelles, Borneo.
Dimerogramma Ralfs. 77. Dimerogramma fulvum Greg. Perag. Diat de Fr. tab. LXXX, figs. 17 —18. KKt (1 sample). Area: on the coasts of Europe, Mediterranean, Adriatic.
Glyphodesmis Grev. 78. G. siamensis Ostr. n. sp. Tab. nostr. I, fig. 9.
L. 0,059 mm., b. 0,013 mm. Coste 6,5 in 0,01 mm. alternating with double rows of puncta. Valve lanceolate, the pseudoraphe in the middle extended to a lancetlike area, on the apices a blank oval elevated spot.
Solitary in a sample from LN:
1 suppose this form to be a Glyphodesmis in spite of its double row of puncta; perhaps it is allied to Glyph. eximia Grev. (Micr. Jour. I], tab. IV, fig. 9).
129 981
G. siamensis forma minor. ‘Tab. aostr. I,. fig. 8. L. 0,023 mm., b. 0,01 mm. Coste 7 in 0,01 mm. Solitary in a sample from K Kt.
Synedra Ehb.
79. §. affinis Kitz. var. Cnfr. V.H. Syn. tab. XLI, fig. 15 B.
The present variant has the same shape as the figure by V. Heurck quoted above, but only 11—12 strie in 0,01 mm.
KKm, KKt, KCg (8 samples). Area: the main species probably ubiquitous.
80. §S. cuneata Grun. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. LXXVIII, figs. 1—2. KMn—ClLt, s.1. (2 samples). Area: Banyuls, Honduras, Ceylon, Java.
81. S. formosa Hantzsch. Hantzsch Ost. tab. V, fig. 3. KKt, KCg—KL, LN (11 samples). Area: Madagascar, East India Archipelago.
82. §. fulgens Grev. V.H. Syn. tab. XLII, figs. 1—2. KKt (2 samples). Area: Europe, Borneo.
— — var. gigantea Lob. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. LXXIX, fig. 6. Found only in a sample from K Kt. Area: Adriatic.
83. §. Hennedyana Greg. V.H. Syn. tab. XLII, fig. 3. KKt, KMn—CLt (6 samples). Area: the coast of Europe, Ceylon, Malay Archipelago, Hawaii.
84. §. levigata Grun. Grun. New Diat. Hond. tab. I, fig. 3. KKm, KKt, K Cg (14 samples).
— — var. hyalina Grun. Grun. 1. c. fig. 5.
Scattered among the main species.
Area: Honduras, Mauritius, Samoa, Ceylon.
NB. In a sample from KCg I have found a Synedra, probably a variety of S. laevigata, in its outline agreeing with Syn. affinis gracilis V.H. Syn. tab. XLI, fig. 15 B. L. 0,2 mm., b. 0,005 mm., in the middle a little broader. Apices slightly capitate. Striee very fine.
85. §. superba (Ktz.) Grun. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. LXXIX, fig. 7. Found only in a sample from LN. Area: Europe.
130
LS (o4) bo
86. S. undulata Bail. V.H. Syn. tab. XLII, fig. 2. Found only in a sample from K Kt. Area: the coasts of N. America, Europe, Red Sea, Ceylon, Hawaii.
Thalassiothrix Cl. & Gr. 87. Th. Frauenfeldi Grun. V.H. Syn. tab. XXXVII, figs. 11—!2.
Only found in a sample from TK.
Area: Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean, Red Sea, Indian Ocean, Malay Archi- pelago, China Sea, Pacific Ocean (Ostenfeld).
Asterionella Hass.
88, A. notata Grun. V.H. Syn. tab. LI, fig. 2. KKt, s.1. (8 samples). Area: Honduras, Barbadoes, Adriatic.
Achnanthoideae.
Achnanthes Bory.
89. A. angustata Grev. Cl. Vega Exp. tab. XXXV, fig. 2. KON, KKt, LN (6 samples).
Area: Californian guano, Ceylon, Samoa.
Occurs sometimes somewhat smaller.
yO. A. brevipes Ag. var. intermedia Kitz. — A. subsessilis Ktz. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. I, figs. 19—21.
Found only in a sample from LN. Area: in algis marinis passim (de Toni).
91. A. javaniea Grun. var. rhombica Grun. Tab. nostr. I, figs. 15 & 16. KKt, LN, s.1 (4 samples). Area: Java, China, Madagascar.
As certainly belonging to 4. jav. var. rhomb. I refer my fig. 15 in shape agreeing with the figure by Petit in Diat. prov. de Madagascar fig. 8. My fig. 16 (Epitheca) shows two longitudinal lines and a blank spot at each end of the valve on the same side of pseudoraphe. In Achn. Bengalensis Grun. such spots are characteristic according to Cl. Syn. Il, p. 196, but here ihe fact is that ,at each end of the valve is a small blank spot on both sides of the area‘. I have seen a similar valve in connection with a hypotheca showing a conspicuous bifid stauros in- the same slide from which my figure is drawn. I suppose that this valve, in spite of the longitudinal lines being remoted from the margin is .an epitheca of . javanica which then possess similar ,blank spots“, though
131 283
only one at each end of the valve and both situated on the same side of pseudoraphe.
Area of A. Bengal: Bengal.
92. A. mammalis Castr. Cl. Syn. II, tab. III, figs. 18—14. Tab. nostr. I, fig. 14.
LN 2 samples).
Area: Galapagos, Madagascar, Macassar Strait, Malay Archipelago.
I have figured a hypotheca of this species being somewhat irregular in its outline because this hypotheca makes it still more probable that Greville’s Stauroneis obesa Trans. Bot. Soc. V, VIII, tab. Ill, fig. 12 is identical with A. mam. Cast. (enfr. Cl. Syn. Il, p. 187).
93. A. longipes Ag. forma minor deeussata Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. I, figs. 7—9. KKt, KM—CLt (7 samples).
Area: the main species: the coasts of Europe, Canarian Islands, Java, Sct. Paul Islands. f. min. decuss.: Nice (Peragallo).
Cyclophora Castr. 94, (. siamensis Ostr. n. sp. Tab. nostr. I, fig. 12.
L. 0,075 mm., b. greatest 0,007 mm., at the constriction 0,0065 mm. Strize not seen. Epitheca linear with slightly capitate apices. Hy- potheca like epitheca but contracted in the middle. Terminal nodi very small, situated out in apices.
The present form reminds a good deal Cycl. n.sp in V.H.’s Traité des Diat. p. 237, fig. 35, especially in the fact that the terminal nodi are situated out in the apices; further it do not possess a perforation in the central part like Cyc. tenuis Cast. in Perag.’s Diat. de Fr. tab.I, figs. 27 —32, the species to which it is nearest in size.
Area: C. tenuis Cast.: Banyuls, Philippines. C. sp. in V. H. Traité: Labuan.
Coecconeis Ehb.
95. €. apiculata A.S. A.S. Atl. tab. CXCVIH, figs. 31—32.
K Kt, LN (2 samples).
According to the description of the figure by A. S. quoted above C. apic. A.S. is regarded by Grove as identical with C. robusta Leud.-
Fortm. Ceylon I, fig. 1, which figure however P. T. Cleve — with doubt — refers to Achnanthes Lorenziana Grun. (Cl. Syn. Ui, p. 186—187),
Area: C. apiculata: Gape of Good Hope. C. robusta: Ceylon.
96. C€. dirupta Greg. var. Fulgur Brun. Brun Esp. nouv. tab. XVIII, fig. 3.
Found only in a sample from KKm.
Area: Mogador, Cabenda, Magelhans Strait.
284 132
(. dirupta Greg. var. Sigma Pant. A.S. Atl. tab. CXCVI, fig. 11. Found only in a sample from K Mn. Area: Ceylon.
97. ¢€. gibbocalyx Brun. Brun Esp. nouv. tab. XVII, fig. 4a. Solitary in a sample from KKt. Only epitheca met with.
Area: West Indies, Zanzibar, Mauritius, Manilla, Indian Ocean, Galapagos, Madagascar.
98. (. heteroidea Hantzsch. Hantzsch Ost. Arch. tab. VI A, fig. 10. A.S. Atl. tab. CXCVI, figs. 31 —37.
KKt (16 samples).
Area: West Indies, Colon, Honduras, Seychelles, Madagascar, Mauritius, Nicobar Islands, Singapore, Java, Japan, China, Sandwich Islands, Samoa.
In two samples (KKt & KMn—CLt) I found a Cocconeis identical with a species from Hokkaido in A. S. Atl. tab. CXCV, fig. 19, which probably is to be regarded as nearly allied to C. heteroidea Hantzsch var. curvirotunda Temp. & Brun.
99. (. insignis Janisch. A.S. Atl. tab. CXCVII, fig. 3.
Solitary in a sample without habitat. Area: Gazelle Expedition.
100. @. pellucida Hantzsch. Hantzsch Ost. Arch. tab. VI, fig. 11. K Kt (1 sample).
Area: Behring Island, Madagascar, Nicobar Island, Singapore, Java, Suma- tra, Samoa, Tahiti, Hawaii, Pacific Ocean, New Zealand.
101. ( pinnata Greg. Perag. Diat. d. Fr. tab. Il, fig. 12. Found only in a sample from KM—CLt.
Area: Arctic Ocean, North Sea, Mediterranean, Adriatic, Madagascar, Sey- chelles, Island of Rhea.
102. €. pseudomarginata Greg. V.H. Syn. tab. XXIX, figs. 20—21 KKt, KM—CLt, LN, s.1. (7 samples). Area: Seems to be ubiquitous.
— — var. intermedia Grun. A.S. Atl. tab. CXCIV, fig. 1. Found only in a sample without habitat. Area: dispersed among the main species.
103. €. qvarnerensis Grun. A.5. Atl. tab. CXCIIL, figs. 20—21 Found only in a sample from KKt. Area: Arctic Ocean, North Sea, Mediterranean, Adriatic.
133 285
104. €. Seutellam Ehb. var. parva Grun. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. IV, fig. 3. KKt, LN, s.1. (15 samples),
Area: the main species: ubiquitous. var. parva: Baltic, East Cape, Adriatic (Cleve), North Sea, Belgium, North coast of France, Gulf of Gascony, Rousillon.
105. ©. (Orthoneis) aspera Perag. Perag. Diat. d. Fr. p. 29, tab. V, fig. 13. K Km, KKt (5 samples).
The striz along the raphe mentioned and figured by Peragallo l.c. are not so conspicuous in my specimens as in the figure by Peragallo quoted above; but otherwise, i. e. as to the strie and the character of raphe, they agree well with this figure.
Area: Villefranche (,trés rare“ Perag.), Madagascar, Samoa.
106. ¢€. (Orthon.) binotata Grun. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. V, fig. 2.
KKm, KKt, KMn—CLt, KCg—KKm, LN, s.1. (22 samples).
Area: the coasts of Europe, West Indies, Madeira, Red Sea, Nicobar Islands, Island of Rhea, Madagascar, Cape of good Hope, Malay Archipelago, Australia, Tahiti.
107. €. (Orthon.) Clevei Grun. V.H. Syn. tab. XXVIII, fig. 4.
Found only in a sample from K Kt. Area: Barbadoes, Seychelles, Mauritius. Madagascar, Indian Ocean, Samoa.
108. €.(Orthon.) fimbriata Btw. Perag. Diat. de Fr., tab. V, figs. 3—4.
KKm, KKt, KM—CLt, LN (15 samples).
Area: Honduras, Brezil, Mediterranean, Adriatic, Madagascar, Sumbava, Japan, China, Australia, Samoa, Tahiti, Hawaii.
109. €. (Orthon.) Horwathiana Grun. A. S. Atlas tab. CLXXXVIII, fig. 41.
K Kt (2 samples).
Area: Honduras, Villefranche, Red Sea, Madagascar, Java, Bali Sound, Samoa, Tahiti.
Naviculoideae. Navicula Bory.
Pinnularice. ‘110. N. (Pinnularia) bistriata Leud.-Fortm. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. XI, fig. 14. Solitary in a sample from KKt. Area: Mediterranean, Ceylon, Labuan.
286 134
111. N. balatonis Pant. Pant. Bac. d. Balatonsees tab. Ill. fig. 64. Tab. nostr. I, fig. 7. :
L. 0,043 mm., B. 0,004 mm. Strizee 10 in 0,01 mm.
Solitary in a sample from LN.
Area: Balaton See.
Differs by the somewhat more linear apical area and by a propor- tionally less breadth from the species figured by Pant.
112 N. (Pinn.) Fareimen Ostr. n.sp. Tab. nostr. I, fig. 10.
L. 0,039 mm., b. 0,009 mm. Strize 11 in 001mm. Valve linear with rounded apices. Strie in the middle slightly radiant toward the apices at a right angle to the apical axis. Apical area narrow in the middle widened into a little circular area. Terminal nodi situated on the apices. Raphe rectilinear.
KKt, LN (2 samples).
In spite of its more open striation I think this species must be re- ferred to the section parallelistriate of Cleve; then it is nearest to P. sublinearis Grun. or Pinn. leptosoma Grun., what the small terminal nodi also seem to suggest. In the sample from KKt occurs a shorter and comparatively broader form. L. 0,027mm., b. 0,01 mm.
113. N. (Pinn.) qvadratarea A.S. var. Séderlundi Cl. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. XI, fig. 10.
Solitary in-a sample from KM—CLt.
Area: Davis Strait, Banyuls, Balearic Islands, Tahiti.
114. N. retusa Bréb. var. subretusa V.H. Cnfr. A.S. Atl. tab. XLVI, fig. 75 & Perag. Dial. de Fr. tab. XIll, figs. 7—8.
KKt, LN, s. 1. (9 samples).
In its outline the form found by me agrees well with the figures quoted above; however as I have not been able to see any transversal striation of the ribs, I dared not refer it to Nav. cancellata Donk. With Peragallo’s Nav. retusa Bréb. (Perag. 1. c. fig. 11) characteristic by its broad apical area it has nothing to do. ,
Area: N. cancellata ubiquitous, the var. retusa seems to be a northern form; subretusa: Belgium.
115, N. (Caloneis) blanda A.S. A.S. N.S. D. tab. Il, fig.27. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. XIV, fig. 3.
KKm, KKt, s.1. (3 samples).
Area: North Sea, Black Sea, Manche Chaussy, Seychelles, Labuan, Billiton, Tahiti.
116. N. (Calon.) Powelli Lewis. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. XIV, fig. 6.
KKt (2 samples).
Area: Quincy Mass.. Long Island Sound, Baleares.
135 987
N. (Calon.) Powelli var. Vidovichi Grun. Grun. Wien. Akad. 1863, tab. XIII, fig. 4.
Solitary in a sample without habitat. Area: S. America, Adriatic, Sumatra.
— — var. Bartholomei Cl. A.S. Atl. tab. CLX, fig. 9. Found only in a sample from KKt. Area: West Indies, Porto Seguro, Bahia.
117. N. (Calon.) siamensis Ostr. n.sp. Tab. nostr. I. fig. 11.
L. 0,04mm., B. 0,016 mm. Strie 7,4 in 0,01 mmm.
Linear elliptic with cuneate apices. Apical area broad, not dilated in the middle. Striz divided in two nearly equal parts by a hyaline line parallel to the margin.
Only found in a sample from K Kt.
This species surely is near to the form from Campeachy Bay figured in A. 8. Atlas tab. CCXII, fig. 16 (from Campeachy Bay) which is referred by Cleve to Nav. (Calon.) sectilis A.S.
In tab. nostr. II, fig. 19 I have figured a fragment of a form, which certainly must also be referred to the form circle of Nav. (Calon.) Powelli. L. 0,09 mm, b. 0,024 mm, strie 7,4 in 0,01 mm. on the middle somewhat shortened and thus forming a central area in which two lunule are present.
Found in a sample from K Kt.
118. N. (Calon.) disticha A.S. Tab. nostr. Il, fig. 17. Cnfr. A. S. Atl. tab. CCXII, fig. 13.
L. 0,043 mm., b.0,01 mm. Strize 9—10 in 0,c1 mm. not punctate.
Solitary in a sample from KKt.
Area: Zanzibar (Grtindler in A. 5S. Atl.).
This form is near to N. (Cal.) blanda A.S., about which Cleve says (Syn. I, p. 62) that the strize are ,not distinctly punctate*. As A.S. how- ewer in the text of his Atlas tab. CCXII says about Nav. blanda, that he has always found his strie punctate and just for that purpose separated N. disticha from N. blanda, I thought it most correct to refer the present form to N. disticha A. S.
Radiose.
119. N. crucifera Grun. var.? capitata Ostr. Tab. nostr. II, fig..18.
L. 0,031 mm., b. 0,012mm. Striz 10 in 0,01 mm. finely trans- versely lineated.
Valve elliptical with almost parallel margins, rostrate-capitate. Strize in the middle slightly radiant, at the ends transversal, wanting in the apices. Apical area narrow, in the middle extended to a rhombical central area.
KKt (2 samples).
288 136
With great hesitation I refer this species to Nav. crueif. Grun., from wich it differs by its form and its closer striation. Perhaps it ought to be considered a separate species.
120. N. digito-radiata Greg. var., cnfr. V.H. Syn. tab. VII, fig. 6.
L. 0,026 mm., b. 0,01 mm. Striz 11 in 0,01 mm. finely trans- versely lineated.
K Kt (1 sample).
In outline and habit this form exactly agrees with V. H.’s figure quoted above of N. Reinhardti Grun., but as the striz are finely trans- versely lineate I think to refer it to N. dig. rad.
Area: N. digit.: Arctic Sea, Europe, Caspi Sea. N. Reinh.: Europe, Tri- nidad.
121. N. (Alloioneis) mediterranea Brun & Cl. var.? sealigera Perag. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. XI, fig. 20.
Solitary in a sample from TK.
Area: Neapel (Perag.).
This present form differs from Peragallo’s species in being a little more closely striated. 5 strie in 0,01 mm.
122. N. peregrina Ehb. var. Menisculus Schum. V.H. Syn. tab. VIII, figs. 23-24,
LN (1 sample).
Area: Europe, Baltic, Argentina.
123. N. Zostereti Grun. A.S. Atl. tab. XLVI, figs. 42—44, KKm, KKt, KMn, TK (14 samples), Samoa.
Area: Arctic Ocean, Brazil, Adriatic, Madagascar, Bab el Mandeb, Ceylon, Labuan, Java, China, Japan, Sandwich Islands, Samoa.
Didyme.
124, N. (Diploneis) Bombus Ehb. A.S. N.S. D. tab. I, fig. 1. KKt LN (3 samples). Area: probably ubiquitous.
In a sample from KKt I have found it but only 0,024 mm. long.
125. N. (Dipl.) chersonnensis Grun. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. XIX, fig. 9.
KCn, KKt, KMn—CLt, LN (12 samples). Area: very videly distributed (Cleve).
126. N. (Dipl) Crabro Ehb. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. XV. fig. 1. KCn, KKt (3 samples).
137 289
N. (Dipl.) Crabro var. multicostata Grun. A.S. Atl. tab. XI, figs. 15—16. Kkt (4 samples).
— — var. separabilis A.S. A.S. Atl. tab. XI, figs. 5—6. KKt, KCgN, K Mn—CLt (14 samples). Area: Nav. Crabro and its numerous variants probably are spread every-
where; however — cnfr. Cleve: Syn. I, p. 100-102 — they seem to prefer the warmer Seas.
127. N, (Dipl.) Entomon (Ehr.) A.S. A.S. Atl. tab. XIII, fig. 38. K Kt, s.]. (2 samples), Area: probably ubiquitous.
128. N. (Dipl.) Gemmatula Grun. var. Grunowi Cl. A.S. Atl. tab. XII, fig. 61 (N. lacrimans). K Kt, LN (2 samples).
Area: Campeachy Bay, Baleares, Re dSea, Mauritius, Tamatava, Sumatra, Yokohama, Samoa.
129. N. (Dipl.) interrupta Ktz. V.H. Syn. tab. IX, figs. 7—8. A.S. Atl. tab. XT, figs. 9 & 11.
LN, KKt (2 samples).
Area: ubiquitous.
130. \. (Dipl) vacillans A.S. forma a A.S. Atl. tab. VIII, fig. 61. KKt (1 sample).
Area: California, Gampeachy Bay, Cape Horn, Cape of good:Hope, Rodri- guez, Ceylon, Japan, Sandwich Islands.
— — var.? minuta Grun. V.H. Syn. tab. IX, fig. 9. K Km (1 sample). Area: Belgium.
131. N. (Dipl.) Weissflogi A.S. A.S. Atl. tab. XIL, figs. 26—39. KKm, KKt, KGgN, KMn—CLt.(11 samples). Area: seems to be widely distributed, especially in the warmer Seas.
132. N. (Dipl.) splendida Greg. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. XVIII, fig. 16. Found only in a sample from K Kt. Area: ubiquitous.
— — var. Puella A.S. A.S. Atl. tab. LXIX, fig. 15. Found only in a sample from K Kt. Area: California, Campeachy Bay, North Sea, Sorrento.
19
290 138
Elliptice. 133. N. (Diploneis) advena A. S. var. parca. A.S. Atl. tab. VII, figs. 20 —29.
Found only in a sample from K Kt. Area: Campeachy Bay, North Sea, Creswell, Samoa.
134. N. (Dipl) aestiva Donk. forma a. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. XX, fig. 12.
KKt (1 sample).
Area: Normandie, Colon, Singapore, Manilla.
— — — forma %. Perag. l.c. fig. 13. KKt (1 sample). Area: West coast of Sweden, Normandie, Sumatra.
135. N, (Dip) Cynthia A.S. A.S. Atl tab. VII. fig. 41. LN (1 sample). Area: coasts of Ireland, West Indies, Red Sea.
The present form is rather small (L. 0,036), but does not belong to. Cleve’s forma minuta (Cl. Syn. I, p. 82).
136. N. (Dipl.) fusea Greg. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. XX. fig. 6. Found only in a sample from kKt. Area: North Sea; Balearic Islands, Sumatra, Java.
137. N. (Dipl) literalis Donk. var. subtilis A.S. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. XX, fig. 11.
Found only in a sample from K Kt.
Area: Arctic Ocean, Arctic America, West Indies, Adriatic. Port Jackson, Java, Tahiti.
138. N. (Dipl) major Cl. V.H. Syn. Suppl. B, fig. 23.
K Kt (4 samples).
Area: Colon, Europe, Madagascar, Macassar, Sumatra, China, Japan, Australia.
139. N. (Dipl.) nitescens Greg. A.S. Atl. tab. VII, figs. 33 & 38 and tab. VIII, fig. 14.
KKm, KKt, LN (6 samples).
Area: Campeachy Bay, Colon, Europe. Seychelles, Madagascar, Java, Sumbava, Singapore, Australia, Sandwich Islands, Samoa, Tahiti.
140. N. (Dipl) notabilis Grev. forma gennina. A.S. Atl. tab. VII, figs, 46 --47.
— — — forma expleta. A. 5S. l.c. fig. 49.
139 291
K Kt, LN (7 samples).
Area: Brazil, West Indies, Europe, Red Sea, Madagascar, Cape of good Hope, Java, Borneo, Sandwich Islands, Samoa.
141. N. (Dipl) Papula A.S. A.S. Atl. tab. VII, fig. 45. KKt (2 samples). Area: Campeachy Bay. Samoa.
142. N. (Dipl) ocellata Ost. n.sp. Tab. nostr. II, fig. 20.
L. 0,037 mm., b. 0,0175 mm. Coste 7,5 in 0,01 mm. not alter- nating with puncta.
Valve elliptic with flattened apices. Lateral areas rather large, with a row of puncta, which are only conspicuous in the middle.
Solitary in a sample from LN.
As I have not been able to see alveoli between the coste I dared not determine this species as a variant of N. (Dipl.) notabilis, which it is always nearest in its whole habit.
143. N. (Dipl.) Smithi Bréb, A. S. Atl. tab. VII, fig. 17. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. XX, fig. 4. K Kt (2 samples).
Area: Arctic Sea, Campeachy Bay, Colon, Europe, Seychelles, Madagascar, Java, Tasmania, New Zealand, Samoa.
144, N. (Dipl) suborbicularis Greg. A.S. Atl. tab. VIII, fig. 2. KKt (4 samples). Area: probably ubiquitous.
In a sample from KKt I found a Nav. (Diploneis) agreeing with A.S. Atl. tab. VII, fig. 15 (from Campeachy Bay), about which Cleve (Syn. I, p. 96) says that it ,seems to belong to Diploneis borealis Grun.‘.
Lyrate.
145. N. abrupta Greg. V.H. Syn. tab. X, fig. 4. K Kt, (4 samples). Area: ubiquitous.
In one of the samples from KKt I found a form more particularly agreeing with Nav. spectabilis Greg., var. Rattrayi Pant., which is con- sidered by Peragallo (Diat. de Fr. p. 132, tab. 21, fig. 38) a variant of Nav. abrupta Greg.
146. N. clavata Greg. A.S. N.S.D. tab. I, fig. 33.
KKt, KCgN (8 samples),
Avea: ubiquitous.
— — var. indica Grev. Jan. Gaz. Exp. tab. XV, fig. 15. 19*
292 140
Found only in a sample without habitat. Area: Honduras, Manilla, Cebu, Macassar, Ceylon, Sumbava (Cleve).
147. N. forcipata Grev. var. nummularia Grev. A.S. Atl. tab. LXX, fig. 38. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. XXI, fig. 31.
LN (2 samples).
Area: Californian Guano, Florida, Adriatic, Bab el Mandeh, Madagascar, Cape of good Hope, Java.
— — var. suborbicularis Grun. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. XXI, fig. 32.
K Kt (2 samples),
Area: Spitzbergen, North Sea, Baleares, Seychelles, Java, Zulu Sea, Gala- pagos.
148. N. Lyra Ehb.
Among the numerous variants of this form I have found:
N. Lyra Ehb. forma typica. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. XXII, fig. 3. A.S. Atl. tab. II, fig. 25.
— — var. dilatata A.S. A.S. Atl loc. fig. 26.
— — var. ellipticea A.S. V.H. Syn. tab. X, fig. 2. A.S. tab. III, fig. 12.
— — var. intermedia Perag. Perag. Diat. de Fr., tab. XXIII, fig, 11.
— — var. producta Pant. Perag. |. c. tab. XXII, fig. 13.
— — var. subearinata Grun. A.S. 1c. tab. Il, fig. 5.
— — var. spec? A.S. Atl. tab. III, fig. 12 (from Java).
KKm, KKt, KCgN, LN (18 samples).
Area: Nav. Lyra: with varieties widely distributed, the var. subcarinata: Indian Sea, Samoa, Tahiti.
149. N. spectabilis Greg. var. emarginata Cl. Jan. Gaz. Exp. tab. XV, fig. 22.
KKt (1 sample).
Area: Campeachy Bay, Sierra Leone, Japan.
150. N. mediopartita Grove var. Tab. nostr. II, fig. 21. Cnfr. A. S. Atl. tab. CCIV, fig. 16.
L. 0,045 mm., b. 0.019mm. Strizee 22 in 0,01 mm.
Valve lanceolate with somewhat protracted apices. Two lines forming a lyrate figure and nearly parallel to the margin are present. Marginal part conspicuously striated; on the inner part between the lines and raphe the strie are closer and more difficult to see. Narrow transapical area.
K Kt (2 samples). Area: N. mediop.: Oamaru (Grunow).
141 293
According to Cleve (Description of plates) this form perhaps ought to be referred to Nav. fallax Cl. or to Mastogloia. 1 must add that the present form has no resemblance to the figure of Nav. fallax Cl. (Syn. I, tab. V, fig. 24) and that I have seen no loculi in it.
151. N. (Pseudoamphiprora) decora Grev. = Stauroneis decora Grev. Tab. nostr. II, fig. 22. Cnfr. Grev. Tran. Micr. Soc. Edin. VIII, tab. Il, fig. 11.
L. 0,067 mm., b. 0,012 mm. Strive at least 25 in 0,01 mm., conspicuous only at the margin outside the longitudinal lines.
KKt (2 samples).
Area: New Caledonia.
The present form is shorter and proportionally more slender than Greville’s. Cleve supposes that Stawron. decor. Grev. probably must be referred to Pseudoamphiprora, a subgenus in its systematic position between N. Lyrate and Caloneis (Cl. Syn. I, p. 70 & 72).
Hennedyee.
152. N. Hennedyi W. Sm. var. furcata Perag. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. XXIV, fig. 17. — — var. nebulosa Greg. Perag. l.c. tab. XXV, fig. 11. K Kt (3 samples). Area: the main species ubiquitous. var. furcata: Banyuls, Naple (Perag).
var. nebulosa: Cape Horn, Florida, Europe, Morocco, Madagascar, Ceylon, Galapagos.
Persiriate.
153. N. brasiliensis Grun. A.S. Atl. tab. VI, figs. 23—25. KKt, LN, TK (6 samples).
Area. Eastern Coast of America, Bab el Mandeb, Zanzibar, Madagascar, the Seas S. and E. of Asia, New Caledonia, Samoa, Sandwich Islands.
154. N. sublyrata Grun. Cl. Vega Exp. tab. XXXV, fig. 17. Solitary in a sample from K Kt. Area: North America, Labuan.
Johnsoniec.
155. N. Scopulorum Bréb. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. VIII, fig. 29. KKm, TK ( samples). Area: Arctic Oceans, Brazil, Europe, Sumatra, Borneo, Japan.
NB. Somewhat unsymmetrical as figured in the figure by Peragallo quoted above. In a few specimens | have seen a narrow stauros caused by the wanting of strize in the middle.
294, 142
Nav. Scopulorwn Bréb. in craticular state = Climaconeis Lorenzi Grun. (Wien. Akad. 1862, tab. VIII, fig. 7) I have met with in a sample from TK. It has hitherto been found in Honduras, Adriatic, Java, Queens- land and New Caledonia.
Seriantes.
156. N. bipunetata Grun.? Tab. nostr. Il, fig. 30. Cnfr. V.H. Syn. tab. XII, fig. 7.
L. 0,044 mm., b. 0,0072 mm. Strize very fine.
Valve linear with sligthly undulate margins, attenuated towards the rounded apices. Strie at a right angle to sagittal axis, apical area narrow, in the middle a stauros by want of strie. Central pores very evident.
Found only in a sample from LN.
Owing to the very conspicuous central pores and the slightly undulate outline I have referred this form to NV. bipunctata Grun., which it resembles in its whole habit; however I have not been able to recognize the longi- tudinal striation of the figure quoted above.
Area: no locality has been given.
Lineares.
157. N, (Caloneis) Liber W. Sm. var. linearis Grun. A. 5S. Atl. tab. L, figs. 38 & 40.
KKm, KKt, KMn—CLt, LN (8 samples).
Area: seems to be widely distributed.
— — var. bieuneata Grun. A.S. l.c., figs. 22—24. KKt 2 (samples). Area: Colon, Porto Seguro, North Sea, Seychelles, Sumatra, Samoa.
In a sample from LN I found a form agreeing with A.S. Atl. tab. L, fig. 36 (from Sorrento), which is referred by A.S. with doubt to Nav. maxima = Nav. (Calon.) Liber W. Sm. genuina Cleve.
158. N. (Caloneis?) egena A.S. A.S. Atl. tab. CCXIL, fig. 1. Solitary in a sample without habitat. Area: Gampeachy Bay.
Schizonema.
159. N. (Schizonema) Smithii Ag. V.H. Syn. tab. XV, fig. 33. Kkt, LN (2 samples). Area: Europe, Black Sea, Caspian Sea, East Cape, Tasmania.
143 995
Stauroneis Ehb.
160. N. (Stauroneis) africana Cl. Cl. New r. Diat. tab. III, fig. 15. Solitary in a sample from K Kt. Area: South Africa, Ceylon.
161. N. (Staur.) anceps Ehb. var. hyalina Br. & Perag. Heérib. Diat. dAuv. tab. III, fig. 19.
Solitary in a sample from K Kt. Area: Europe (fossil), Australia.
Libellus Cl.
162. \. (Libellus) hamulifera Grun. Cl. Syn. 1, tab. III, figs. 17 & 19. K Km, KKt (2 samples). Area: Barbadoes, Mediterranean, Adriatic, Black Sea, Ceylon, Java.
Dictyoneis Cl. 163. \. (Dictyoneis) marginata Lewis var, intermedia Cl. A.S. Atl. tab. CLX, figs. 34—35.
Found only in a sample from KMn—CLt. Area: Madagascar, Japan, Malay Archipelago.
Trachyneis Cl. 164. N. (Trachyneis) aspera Ehb.
Of the numerous variants of this form I have found: var. contermina A.S. A.S. Atl. tab. XLVIII, figs. 17—18.
Proportionately broad (L. 0,032 mm., B. 0,011 mm.), stauros not reaching the margin.
var. genuina Cl. V.H. Syn. tab. X, fig. 13.
var. pulchella W.Sm. A.58. lic. fig. 6.
var. vulgaris Cl]. A.S. lic. fig. 5.
Among the variants stated above the var. pulchella is most common.
KKm, K Kt, K Mn—CLt (15 samples). Area: var. contermina: Japan, Cape Horn. var. genuina: North Sea, Singapore, Amboina, Sydney, Samoa, Ta- hiti, Hawaii, Pacitic Ocean. var. pulchella: North Sea, Philippines, Samoa, Sandwich Islands, Malay Archipelago. var. vulgaris: Arctic America, North Sea, Madagascar, Cape of good Hope, New Zealand, Samoa, New Caledonia, Malay Archipelago, Galapagos.
296 144
165. N. (Trachyn.) velata A.S. A.S.. Atl. tab, XLVIII, fig. 36. KKm, KKt, KMn—CLt (7 samples). Area: Cape Horn, Cape of good Hope, Madagascar, Mauritius, Ceylon,
King Georges Sound, Sumatra, Java, China, Japan, Sandwich Islands, New Caledonia.
In a sample from KCgN I have found a Nav. (Trachyneis) exactly corresponding to the ,fragliche Form‘ from North Celebes figured by A.S. in Atl, tab. XLVI, fig. 31.
Cymatoneis Cl. 166. (©. suleata Grev. A.S. Atl. tab. CCXII, fig. 44.
Found only in a sample from K Kt. Area: Widely spread in warmer Seas.
Van Heurckia Bréb.
167. V. H. siamensis Ostr. n. sp. Tab. nostr. Il, fig. 26.
L. 0,074 mm... b. 0,009 mm.
Valve linear elliptical with rounded apices. Raphe strongly asymmetric, enclosed between two silicious ribs, terminating in a outwards reflexed point. Strie very fine, parallel. I am not able to see any longitudinal striation.
KKm, TK (2 samples).
This species surely is near to Van Heurckia vulgaris Thw. var. asymmetrica Cl. (Cl. Syn. I, p. 122, tab. V, fig. 29), but as it is char- acteristic by its shape, the very asymmetrical raphe and the exceedingly fine sculpture, I preferred to regard it as a separate species.
Area of V. H. vulg. var. asymmetrica Cl., which is recorded as ,brackish*: Sierra Leone, Gameroon, Tasmania, Newark, N. Yers. fossil (Champlain epoch).
168. N. subglabra Ostr. n. sp. Tab. nostr. Il, figs. 23 & 24.
L. 0,059 mm., b. 0,016 mm. (fig. 23). L. 0,056 mm., b. 0,013 mm. (fig. 24). Strize inconspicuous. Valve rhombic-lanceolate. Central pores distant, terminal nodi distant from the apices.
With Zeiss Apoch. no. 2 and oblique illumination I think 1 have seen a striation at a right angle to the apical axis; with moderate power the valve gets a chagreen-like appearance. In its central part the valve shows like a tendence to a cicatrice-like figure, which is very conspicuous in other specimens, as I have figured it in my fig. 24. The latter form is somewhat smaller but otherwise on the whole agreeing with the former, so that I have no doubt that they belong to the same species, perhaps as hypotheca and epitheca. Moreover they occur both in the same sample — from TK — and only in this.
I am uncertain as to the systematic position of this species.
145 297
Pleurosigma 169. P. australe Grun. Perag.“Diat de Fr. tab. XXXII, figs. 7—8.
Found only in a sample from K Km.
Area: Baleares, Between Aden and Bab el Mandeb, Sumatra, Java, Ceylon, Labuan.
170. P. diminutum Grun. Perag. Pleuros. tab. VI, fig. 31.
Found only in a sample from TK. Area: Baleares, Adriatic.
171. P. elongatum W.Sm. W.Sm. Syn. tab. XX, fig. 199. KKm, KKt (3 samples).
Area: Arctic Oceans, Atlantic coasts of America, Europe, Caspian Sea, Java, Sumatra, China, Tahiti.
172. P. formosum W.Sm. W.Sm. Syn. tab. XX, fig. 195. KKt, K Mn—CLt, LN (10 samples),
Area: Arctic Oceans, West Indies, Europe, Red Sea, Madagascar, Java, China, Ceylon, Labuan, Tahiti, Hawaii, Pacific Ocean, Galapagos.
173. P. Grovei Cl. Perag. Pleuros. tab. VIII, fig. 1. Solitary in a sample from TK. Area: Malay Archipelago.
I have. only found one moreover not complete specimen which dif- ferred form the typical form in being proportionately broader and in its more open striation. L. 0,43 mm., b. 0,051 mm., transversal striae 7,4 in 0,01 mm., longitudinal strie 11,1 in 0,01 mm.
174. P. navieulaceum Bréb. Cast. Chall. Exp. tab. XXIX, fig. 14 (P. japonicum Cast.).
KKm (2 samples).
Area: North Sea, Mediterranean, Ceylon, Labuan, Java.
175. P. Normanni Ralfs. V.H. Syn. tab. XVII, fig. 9. Found only in a sample from KKm,
Area: Arctic Oceans, Atlantic coasts of America, Europe, Madagascar, Red Sea, Java, Sumatra.
176. P. Nabecula W. Sm. var. intermedia W. Sm. Perag. Pleuros. tab. V, figs. 27-28.
K Kt, KCg—K Lm (8 samples).
Area: North Sea, Mediterranean, Port Jackson, Rio Grande.
— — — var. subrecta Cl. Perag. Pleuros. tab. V, fig. 30.
K Kt (3 samples). Area: Arctic Oceans, Baleares.
298
146
177. P. obscurum W.Sm. W.Sm. Syn. tab. XX, fig. 206.
Found only in a sample from LN. Area: England, Baleares, Ceylon, Java.
178. P. rigidum W.Sm. W.Sm. Syn. tab. XX, fig. 198. KKm, KKt, KMn—CLt (3 samples). Area: Magelhaens Strait, West Indies, Colon, Europe, Red Sea, Madagascar,
Borneo, Samoa, Tahiti.
179. P. scalproides Rabh. var. eximia Thw. V. H. Syn. tab. XXI,
fig. 2.
Solitary in a sample from LN. Area: Europe, the coasts of America, Demerara, Bengal.
180. P. speciosum W.Sm. W.Sm. Syn. tab. XX, fig. 197.
KKt (2 samples). Area: Barbadoes, Europe, Red Sea, China, Java, Sumatra, Labuan, Port
Jackson.
— — — var. mediterranea Grun. Perag. Pleuros. tab. ll, fig. 5. Found only in a sample from KKt. Area: Mediterranean, Seychelles, Java.
— — — var. pulehra Grun. Perag. Pleuros. tab. I, fig. 8. KKt (2 samples). Area: North Sea, Red Sea, Java, Sumatra.
Scoliopleura Grun.
181. §. siamensis Ostr. n.sp. Tab. nostr. Il, fig. 27.
L. 0,086 mm., b. 0,0075 mm. Valve linear with somewhat cuneate apices.* Strie very fine
at right angles to apical axis. In the middle a very slight stauros. Central pores approximated. Terminal nodi inconspicuous. Raphe towards the apices turned in contrary direction, no longitudinal lines visible.
Solitary in a sample from K Km.
Tropidoneis Cl.
182. 1. elegans W.Sm. Perag. Diat. d. Fr. tab. XLI, figs. 2—3. KKm (2 samples). Area: North Sea, Europe, Mediterranean, Adriatic. Between Aden and
Bab el Mandeb,
147 299
183. . lepidoptera Grun. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. XXXIX, figs. 8—9.
KKm, KKt, KCg—KLm (7 samples). Area: Colon, Barbadoes, Cape Horn, Europe, Madagascar, Macassar, King Georges Sound, Sumatra, Port Jackson, Ceylon, Samoa, Galapagos.
184. T. maxima Greg. var. subalata Cl. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. XL, fig. 6.
Found only in a sample from K Kt.
Area: Villefranche, Macassar Strait.
Amphiprora Ehb.
185. A. gigantea Grun. var. suleata O’M. Perag. Diat. de France. tab. XXXVIII, fig. 3.
Found only in a sample from K Km.
Area: Jamaica, Le Croisic, Banyuls, Baleares, Seychelles, Cape of good Hope, Sumatra.
Rhoicosigma Grun.
186. R. compactum Grev. Perag. Pleuros. tab. X, figs. 5 & 7—8.
KkKm, KKt, KMn—CLt (5 samples). Area: Honduras, West Indies, Europe, Red Sea, Port Jackson, Philippines Java, Sumatra, Samoa, Tahiti, Galapagos.
Mastogloia Thw.
187. M. affinis Cl. Cl. Le Diat. I, tab. XXIM, fig. 19. Found only in a sample from K Kt. Area: Galapagos.
188. M. affirmata Leud.Fortm. A.5S. Atl. tab. CLXXXVIII, fig. 19.
KKt (3 samples). Area: Rodriguez, Ceylon, Philippines, Java.
189. M. angulata Lewis. A.S. Ailas tab. CLXXXVI, figs. 9—11. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. V, fig. 16.
K Kt (3 samples).
Area: Honduras, Atlantic coasts of N. America, Mediterranean, Adriatic, Black Sea, Red Sea, Billiton, Australia.
190. M. apiculata W.Sm. A.S. Atl. tab. CLXXXV, fig. 43, 24 fig. & tab. CLXXXVII, fig. 40.
Found only in a sample from KKt. Area: Europe, China, Borneo.
300 148
191. M. bahamensis Cl. A.S. Atl. tab. CLXXXVII, fig. 20. KKm, KKt, KMn—CLt (6 samples). Area: Bahama.
192. M. baltica Grun. V.H. Syn. tab. IV, fig. 24.
K Km, KKt (8 samples). Area: Baltic, South Africa.
193. M. Brauni Grun. V.H. Syn. tab. IV, figs. 21—22. Found only in a sample from K Cg.
Area: Pensacola, Cape May, Spitsbergen, Europe, Black Sea, Caspian Sea, Red Sea.
194, M. chersonensis A.S. A.S. Atl. tab. CLXXXVI, figs. 31 —32. KKt (2 samples). Area: Adriatic.
195. M. Citrus Cl. A.S. Atl. tab. CLXXXVII, figs. 16—19. KKt, KCn, KCg—KLm (9 samples). Area: Vera Cruz, Jamaica, Adriatic, Labuan, Sandwich Islands.
196. M. erythrea Grun. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. VI, fig. 18. K Kt, KMn (2 samples).
Area: Honduras, Bahama, Mediterranean, Adria, Black Sea, Red Sea.
— — — var. interrupta Hantzsch. Hantzsch Ost. Arch. tab. VI A, fig. 5.
KKt, s.J. (2 samples).
Area: East Indies, Nicobar.
197. M. exigua Lewis. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. VI, fig. 29 (fig. dextra). KKt (2 samples). Area: Behrings Island, Europe, Atlantic Coast of America, Samoa.
198. M. inegvalis Cl. Cl. Syn. II, tab. II, fig. 15. KKt, LN (6 samples).
Area: Rodriguez, Java, Australia.
Abundant in a sample from LN.
199. M. Jelenecki Grun. var.? Tab. nostr. Il, fig. 25. Cnfr. A.S. Atl. tab. CLXXXVII, figs. 48—49 and Cl. Syn. Il, tab. Il, fig. 18 (var. marina),
L. 0,062 mm., b. 0,0175 mm. Strie c. 25 in-0,01 mm., loeuli 3—4 in 0,01 mm., those near apices larger than the other.
Found only in a sample from K Km.
149 301
_ Area: the main species: West Indies, Brazil, Mediterranean, Seychelles, Madagascar, Java, Sumbava, Manilla, China. var marina: Honduras, Manilla, Java, Philippines.
200. M. Kjellmani Cl. Cl. Vega Exp. tab. XXXV, fig. 6.
Found only in a sample from KKm. Area:- Labuan.
201. M. labuensis Cl. Cl. Vega Exp. tab. XXXV, fig. 5. KKt (14 samples).
Area: Philippines, Labuan, Billiton.
M. labuensis surely is very closely related to M. apiculata.
202. M. lemniscata Leud. Fortm. A. S. Atlas tab. GLXXXVI, figs. 14—15.
KKm, KKt, LN (5 samples).
Area: Colon, Ceylon, Sumbava, Manilla, Java, Macassar, Japan, Car- pentaria Bay. :
203. M. Mac Donaldi Grev. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. VI, flg. 14. KKm, KKt, KMn—CLt ( samples). Area: Mediterranean, Adriatic, Philippines, Java, Australia.
204. M. marginulata Grun. A.S. Atl. tab. CLXXXVI, fig. 30. KKt (2 samples). Area: Chile, Honduras, Adriatic, Java, Samoa, Tahiti, New Zealand.
205. M. pusilla Grun. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. VI, fig. 36. K Kt, s 1. (3 samples). Area: Adriatic, Caspian Sea.
206. M. qvinqvecostata Grun. A.S. Atl. tab. CLXXXVI, figs. 1—7 & tab. CLXXXVII, fig. 1.
KKm, KKt, KMn—CLt, KCg—KLm, TK (12 samples).
Area: Mediterranean, Adriatic, Cape of good Hope, Sumbava, Madagascar, Ceylon, Labuan, Nicobar, Java, Samoa, Tahiti.
— — var. elongata Leud.Fortm. A.S. Atl. tab. CLXXXVI, fig. 12.
Found only in a sample from KKt. Area: Madagascar, Ceylon.
207. M. qvadrinotata sp. nov. Tab. nostr. II, fig. 33.
L. 0,018 mm., b. 0,007 mm. Striz 18—20 in 0,01 mm.
Valve elliptical with very slightly cuneate apices. Striee parallel composed of punctae, apical area narrow. In the middle a stauros owing to the want of striez. In every quarter of the valve two
302 150
marginal loculi, which are difficult to see, as this small form is very hyaline. The specimens in which I could not see the four pair of loculi otherwise agree in shape and structure with those where the loculi are visible.
KKt, LN, TK, KCg—KSm (4 samples).
208. M. rhombica Cl. Cl. Vega Exp. tab. XXXV, fig. 9.
Found only in a sample from KCn. Area: Labuan.
209. M. Smithi Thw. var. amphicephala Grun. A.S. Atl. tab. CLXXXV, figs. 13—14 = M. capitata Grev. Cnfr. Cl. Syn. Il, p. 152.
KKm. Area: England, Baltic, Scotland, Morocco, Calcutta (M. capitata of Greville).
210. M. parvula Ostr. n. sp. Tab. nostr. II, fig. 35.
L. 0,021 mm., b. 0,009 mm. Striz 20 in 0,01 mm., loculi 5—6 in 0,01 mm. Valve elliptical with short rostrate apices. Apical area narrow but present. -
KKt (2 samples).
This small species reminds somewhat of M. Smithi Thw. var. conifera Brun. (Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. VI, fig. 41), but owing to the narrow central area it ought to be considered a separate species.
911. M. sp. Tab. nostr. Il, fig. 36. Cnfr. A.S. Atl. tab. CLXXXVII, fig. 41.
L. 0,061 mm., b. 0,02 mm. Strie 16—17 in 0,01 mm. towards the apices slightly curved, loculi 10—11 in 0,01 mm. Raphe slightly undulated, narrow transapical area.
KKt (1 sample).
The form figured by A.S. (from Baltschick) is referred to M. elegans Lewis in the description of plates, but the present form does not agree with any of the figures referred by Cl. Syn. Il, P.154 to Mast. elegans.
912. M. sp. Tab. nostr. JI, fig. 32.
L. 0,066 mm., b. 0,028 mm. Strize 8—9 in 0,01 mm., loculi 4 in 0,01 mm.?
Valve lanceolate with somewhat rostrate apices. Median line straight. Apical area very narrow. Strie composed of punctae forming decussate lines. Loculi difficult to see. In one specimen I have seen them near the apex, to which they reach.
KKt, s.1. (2 samples).
I think this species is nearest to M. asperula Grun. (Cl. Le Diat. I, tab. IX, fig. 12), but I have preferred not to state it as a separate species, as I have only seen specimens either without or with incomplete loculi- ferous rim.
Area of M. asp.: Baleares, Seychelles, Java, Cebu.
151 303
Gomphoneminae. Rhoicosphenia Grun.
213. R. tenuissima Ostr. n. sp. Tab. nostr. Il, fig. 28.
L. 0,02—0,03 mm., b.0,002 mm. Striz at least 25 in 0,01 mm.
Valve clavate. In the middle a structureless area seems to be present, which with lower enlargement resembles a stauros. In epitheca the strie are conspicuous, but in hypotheca I have not been able to see any striation.
KKt (1 sample).
This small species is exceedingly delicate and hyaline and therefore it is easily overlooked.
Cymbellinae. Amphora Ehb. 214. Amphora acuta Greg. Perag. Diat de Fr. tab. XLIX, fig. 26.
Found only in a sample from K Kt.
Area: Arctic Ocean, Europe. Mediterranean, Morocco, Cape Horn, Magel- han’s Strait, Ceylon, China.
— — var. areuata A.S. Perag. 1. ¢.,: fig. 28.
KKm, KKt, KMn—CLt (8 samples).
Area: Gulf of Mexico, Mediterranean, Seychelles, Macassar, Mazatlan, Samoa.
215. A. angusta (Greg.) Cl. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. L, fig. 37. K Kt (7 samples). Area: Arctic Ocean, Europe, America.
— — var. ventricosa Greg. Perag. l.c. fig. 39. K Kt (2 samples). Area: Arctic Ocean, Europe, Bab el Mandeb, Monterey.
216. A. bigibba Grun. A.S. Atl. tab. XXV, figs.66 and 74—76. KKt, KMn—CLt (6 samples).
Area: the coasts of America, Baleares, Adria, Cape of good Hope, Japan, Celebes, Ceylon, Java, Galapagos.
217. A. costata W.Sm. A.S. Atl. tab. XXV, fig. 30. . Found only in a sample from K Kt.
Area: New Haven, Pensacola, Colon, Porto Seguro, Campeachy Bay, North Sea, Mediterranean, Adriatic, Galapagos.
304 152
218, A. erassa Greg. A.S. tab. XXVIII, figs. 31—32. K Kt (4 samples).
Area: Arctic Oceans, Cape Horn, Mediterranean, Aden, Sumatra, Java, Ceylon, China.
219. A. egregia (Ehr.?) A.S. A.S, Atl. tab. XXVIII, fig. 18. Found only in a sample from KKt.
Area: Campeachy Bay, West Indies, Cape Horn, Mediterranean, Madagascar, Seychelles, Ceylon, Malay Archipelago, China, Samoa, Galapagos.
220. A. exigua Greg. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. L, figs. 30—31. KKt (5 samples). Area: Arctic America, West Indies, Europe, Sandwich Islands, Tahiti.
921. A. gigantea Grun. var. fusea Cl. Perag. Diat. d. Fr. tab. XLV, fig. 8. Found only in a sample from KKt.
Area: Gulf of Mexico, Bahia, Mediterranean, Red Sea, Ceylon, Malay Archipelago, Galapagos.
229. A. Greffei (Grun.) Cl. A.S. Atl. tab. XXV, fig. 40. K Kt (2 samples). Area: Mediterranean, Zanzibar, Malay Archipelago, China, Samoa, Galapagos.
993, A. Griindleri Grun. A.S. Atl. tab. XXVIII, fig. 26. K Kt, s.]. (2 samples).
Area: Campeachy Bay, Gulf of Mexico, Mediterranean, Ceylon, Malay Archipelago, Manilla, Galapagos.
994. A. levis Greg. var. levissima Greg. A.S. Atl. tab. XXVI, figs. 13—14.
KKt (5 samples).
Area: Kara, Finmark, Scotland, England, Mediterranean.
225. A. obtusiuscula Grun. A.S. Atl. tab. XXV, fig. 7. KKt (3 samples). Area: Samoa,
The present specimens exactly agree with the figure by A. S. quoted above. I am sure I have seen the fine lines and further I have been able to see the very fine transversal strie (at least 25 in 0,01 mm.), so that I am sure that this species really is an Amphora (compare Cl. Syn. II, p. 141).
226. A. obtusa Greg. A.S. Atl. tab. XL, figs. 5—7. KKt, KCn, KMn—CLt (14 samples),
Area: America, Europe, Red Sea, Madagascar, Malay Archipelago, the Eastern coasts of Asia.
153 305
927. A. Oculus A.S. var. Farcimen A.S. A. S. Atl. tab. XXVIL, fig. 56.
Found only in a sample from K Kt. Area: Campeachy Bay, Seychelles, Samoa, Galapagos.
298. A. ostrearea Bréb. typica. Temp. & Brun. Jap. tab. IX, fig. 16 == A. Petiti.
Found only in a sample from K Kt.
Area: Europe, Sumatra, Billiton, Labuan, Japan, China.
— — var. vitrea Cl. A.S. tab. XXVI, fig. 25. KKt (4 samples). Area: Arctic Oceans, West Indies, Labuan, Japan, New Caledonia.
In a sample from KKm I found a small Amphora measuring ], 0,028 mm., b. 0,003 mm., strie 15 in 0,01 mm. In its shape it exactly agrees with the species figured by A. S. Atl. tab. XXVI, fig. 16 which Cleve (Syn. II, p. 129) regards as identical with Amph. ostrearea Bréb. var. vitrea Cl.
229. A. proboscidea (Greg.?) Cl. Cl. Syn. Il, tab. IH, figs. 19—21.
Solitary in a sample from LN. Area: Portoseguro, Bahia, Java, Bali Sound.
The form found by me is more capitate than figured by Cleve and resembles in that respect A. Kitioni L. Fortm. L.. Fortm. Ceylon tab. I, fig. 7.
230. A. Proteus Greg. A.S. Atl. tab. XXVIL, fig. 3. KkKm, KKt, s.1. (6 samples). Area: probably ubiquitous.
231. A. rhombica Kitton. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. L, fig. 4.
Found only in a sample from K Kt. :
Area: Colon, Mediterranean, Island of Rhea, Sumbava, Sumatra, Macassar, China, Java. -
932. A. spectabilis Greg. A.S. Atl. tab. XL, figs. 18—19.
KKt (2 samples). 0
Area: Davis Strait, West Indies, North Sea, Mediterranean, Seychelles, Madagascar, Ceylon, Borneo, Macassar, Java, China, Samoa.
233. A. Terroris Ebr. A.S. Atl. tab. XXV, figs. 17—19, 33, 34—36. K Kt (8 samples). : Area: probably ubiquitous.
In two samples from KKt I found a form agreeing with A. monili- fera Greg.? in A.S. Atl Tab. XXV, fig. 32 (from Java). As to this form Cleve (Syn. Il, p. 122) says that it ,probably is a frustule af A, costata or Terroris in the state of division‘.
20
306 154
934, A. turgida Greg. A.S. Atl. tab. XXV, figs, 24—25.
KKm, KKt, LN, s.1. (9 samples). Area: Europe, Red Sea, Java, Madagascar, Macassar, Labuan, New Zealand.
Epithemia Bréb.
235. E. Musculus Ktz. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. LXXVII, fig. 6—10. KKm. KKt, KMn—CLt, LN, s.1. (10 samples).
— — var. gibberula Ktz. Perag. l.c. figs. 18 —22.
Mixed with the main species. Area: the main species: Europe (de Toni), Rio Grande, Java, Samoa. var. gibberula: America, Europe, Java.
Nitzschieae. Bacillaria Gmel.
236. B. paradoxa Gmel. V. H. Syn. tab. LXI, fig. 6 = Niteschia paradoxa Grun.
K Kt (2 samples). : Area: Cape Horn, Europe, Madagascar, Java.
Nitzschia Hassal.
Panduriformes Grun.
237. N. constricta (Greg.) Grun. var. bombiformis Grun. V.H. Syn. tab. LVIII, fig. 9.
L. 0,042 mm., b. 0,016 mm., at the constriction 0,012 mm. Strice 11 in 0,01 mm.
Solitary in a sample without habitat.
The present form probably is identical with Grunow’s ,kleine etwas weniger eingeschniirte Form bei Yokohama‘ (Cl. & Grun. Arc. Diat. p. 71).
238. N. panduriformis Greg. V. H. Syn. tab. LVII, fig. 1. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. LXX, fig. 5.
K Km, KKt, KCn, KMn—CLt, LN (12 samples).
— — var. minor Grun. V.H. 1. c. fig. 4.
Mixed with the main species.
Area: Cape Horn, Europe, East Indies, Malay Archipelago, Samoa, Tahiti, Hawaii.
N. panduriformis Greg. var. interrupta Ostr. n. var. Tab. nostr. II, fig. 29.
L. 0,038 mm., b. 0,018 mm., at the constriction 0,014 mm. Carinal puncta 11 in 001mm. Strie 22 in 0,01 mm.
155 307
The longitudinal plication is not of equal height through its whole length but lower near the apices and in the middle so that two lateral elevated spots arise giving this form a very characteristical appearance. The de- cussate striation is only conspicuous on the elevated parts.
KKt, KCgN, KMn—CLt (8 samples).
Apiculate Grun.
239, N. marginulata Grun. V.H. Syn. tab. LVIII, fig. 13.
KKm, KKt (2 samples). Area: Kara, Europe, Between Aden and Bab el Mandeb, Malay Archipelago, Borneo, Samoa.
— — var. didyma Grun. V. H. 1. c. fig. 14. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. LXX, fig. 16. KKt, KMn KMn—CLt (4 samples).
The specimens met with have a length of c.0,04mm. and are very finely striated; I therefore suppose, that they belong to Grunow’s forma minuta (Cl. & Grun. Arct. Diat. p. 73).
Area: var. didyma: widely distributed. forma minuta: Tonga Islands, Samoa, Antilles (Grunow l.c.).
Pseudo-Tryblionella Grun. 240. N. acuta Cl. Cl. West Ind. tab. Ill, fig. 20.
Found only in a sample without habitat. Area: Antilles, Tonga Islands, Samoa.
The present form is a little more rounded at the apices than shown in Cleve’s figure.
941. N. alata Leud. Fortm. Leud. Fortm. La Mal. tab. II, fig. 11. KKm (2 samples). Area: Java.
Bilobate Grun.
242. N. bilobata W. Sm. var. minor Grun. V.H. Syn. tab. LX, fig. 2. LN (4 sample). Area: Brazil, Europe, Society Islands.
243, N. Jelinecki Grun. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. LIX, fig. 19. KKt, s.1. (2 samples), Area: East India, Malay Archipelago.
In two samples (KKt & s.1.}.I found a Niteschia, exactly agreeing with N. formica Hantzsch (H. Ost. Archip. tab. VI A, fig. 8).. In CL. & Grun. Arc. Diat. p. 74 Grunow points out that the figure
20*
308 156
of N. formica Htz. shows a narrow smooth longitudinal line and that it perhaps is therefore not identical with N. Jelen. Grun., which has a longitudinal plication. The specimens examined by me have a sharp plication along which the striz pass, but with moderate magnifying power the striation along the plication is not always easy to see, it therefore is possible that this striation has escaped the attention of Hantzsch.
Area for N. formica: East Indian Archipelago.
Vivaces Grun.
Q44, N. fluminensis Grun. V.H. Syn. tab. LXII, figs. 3—4. KKm, KKt, KMn—CLt (4 samples).
Area: Campeachy Bay, Mediterranean, Adriatic, Ceylon, Borneo, Malay Archipelago.
Spathulate Grun.
245, N. distans Greg. V.H. Syn. tab. LXII, fig. 10. KCn s.]. (2 samples). Area: Europe, Bali Sound, Pacific Ocean.
— — var. tumescens Grun. V.H. l.c. fig. 17. KKm, KKt (3 samples). Area: Campeachy Bay, Mediterranean.
9246. N. angularis W.Sm. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. LXXIII, fig. 6. KKm, KKt, KMn—CLt (4 samples). Area: ubiquitous.
Sigmoidece Grun.
247. N. macilenta W.Sm. V.H. Syn. tab. LXIV, figs. 6—7. KKm, TK (2 samples). A'rea: Europe, Ceylon.
Sigmata Grun.
248. N. Sigma W.Sm. var. rigida (Ktz.) Grun. V.H. Syn. tab. LXVI, fig. 5.
KKm, KKt (3 samples),
Area: the main species ubiquitous. var. rigida: cum specie passim (de Toni).
In a sample from KKt I found a small form belonging to the form- circle of N. Sigma with L. 0,048 mm., b. 0,006 mm., carinal puncta 10 in 0,01 mm. Striz not visible. I consider it a dwarf-form of N. Sigma var. rigida, as it is too broad to be referred to var. rigidula.
157 309
Obtuscee Grun.
249, N. Vidovichi Grun, V.H. Syn. tab. LXVII, fig. 7. Found only in two samples without habitat. Area: Villefranche, Adria, Java.
Lanceolate Grun.
250. N. Palea (Ktz.) W. Sm. var. minuta Bleisch. V.H. Syn. tab. LXIX, fig. 23.
LN (1 sample). ‘
Area: the main species: Europe, Abyssinia, Japan, Central Asia.
Nitzschiella Rabenh.
951. N. longissima (Bréb.) Ralfs. Cnfr. V.H. Syn. tab. LXX, fig. 2 & Clev. Westind. tab. III, fig. 21 (N. longissima var.? curvirostris).
KKt (4 samples). -
In the specimens examined by me 41/2—5 carinal puncta are present in 0,01 mm., the central one of those being remote from the two nearest, a fact which however looks to be intimated in the figure by V. H. quoted above. The more spaced carinal puncta seem to give this form a position nearer to Gleve’s var. curvirostris. In my specimens the horns are turned in opposite directions, but like H. Peragallo (Diat. de France p- 293) I hardly think this character has any systematic value.
Area: N. longissima: West Indies, Europe, Madagascar, Labuan, Java, Samoa. var. curvirostris: St. Bartholomew, Java.
252. N. Lorenziana Grun. V.H. Syn. tab. LXX, fig. 12. L. 0,25 mm.
KKt, TK (2 samples).
Area: Adriatic.
— — var.? ineurva Grun. V.H. Lc. fig. 14. Found only in a sample from K Kt. Area: Adriatic.
— — var. fossilis Brun. Brun & Temp. Japan tab. I, fig. 10. KKt, s.J, (2 samples). Area: Calcaire de Yedo (Brun l.c. p. 46).
253. N. diversecostata Brun. Cl]. Diat. Il, tab. V, fig. 11. K Kt (2 samples). Area: ,Moris Creek sondage‘ (Brun lL. c., p. 78).
310 158
Hantzschia Grun.
254. M. marina (Donk.) Grun. var. leptocephala Ost. n. var. Tab. nostr. II, fig. 31.
_ L. 0,04 mm., b. 0,004 mm. Carinal puncta 5,5 in 0,01 mm. Strie 11 in 0,01 mm.
Solitary in a sample from LN (only one specimen met with). Area of the main species: Davis Strait, Europe.
Homoeocladia Ag.
255. H. sigmoidea W.Sm. Syn. tab. LV, fig. 349.
LN. Area: Europe, Morocco.
Surirelloideae. Surirella Turp.
256. S. Comis A.S. A.S. Atl. tab. IV, fig. 3.
Found only in a sample from KMn—CLt. Area: Campeachy Bay, Puerto Cabello, Java, Samoa.
257. §. eximia Grev. A.S. Atl. tab. IV, fig. 13.
KKt, LN (4 samples). Area: the coasts of France, Java.
258. S. fastuosa Ebr. A.S. Atl. tab. V, figs. 7 & 10.
KKt, KGn, KMn—CLt, TK (11 samples).
— — var. cuneata Witt. Perag. |. c. tab. LVIII, fig. 3.
Found only in a sample without habitat.
— — var. robusta AS. A.S. le. tab. CCVI, fig. 3.
Found only in a sample without habitat.
— — var. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. LIX, fig. 2 (from Banyuls).
Found only in a sample from KMn—CLt.
Area of the main species: Gulf of Mexico, Campeachy Bay, Europe, Yoko- hama, Java, Madagascar, Tahiti, Hawaii.
var. cuneata: Trégurie (Peragallo).
var. robusta: Sumbava (A.S. Atl).
259. S. Gemma Ehr. V.H. Syn. tab. LXXIV, figs. 1—3.
KMn—CLt, TK, s.1. (3 samples). Area: Rio Grande, Europe, Java.
260. S. Kittoniana Leud.Fortm. A.S. Atl. tab. CCV, fig. 17.
Found only in a sample from K Kt. Area: Samoa.
159 311
961. §. recedens A.S. A.S. Atl. tab. XIX, fig. 3. KKm, KKt KCn, KMn, s.1. (7 samples). Area: Brazil.
262. S. reniformis Grun. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. LXV, fig. 5. KKt, s.1. (3 samples)-
Area: Honduras, Languedoc, Banyuls, Madagascar, San Thome, Malay Archipelago, Samoa.
This form, taken by Peragallo (l.c. p. 255) as a separate species, is identical with Grunow’s Plagiodiscus nervatus. It is very near to Sur. Gemma and like V.Heurck (Traité p. 374) 1 am most inclined to regard it as an abnormous form of S. Gemma only differing in its outer appearance.
In a sample from TK I found a Surirella, identical with a ,fragliche Form‘ from the Gazelle-Expedition enfr. A.S. Atl. tab. LVI, fig.6 and Jan Gaz. Exp. tab. XXI, fig. 23.
Campylodiscus Ehb. Rhaphidee Deby.
263. €. biangulatus Grev. A.S. Atl. tab. CCVII, fig. 15 & tab. XVIII, fig. 4 (C. Lorenzianus Gr.)
KKt, KCn (2 samples). Area: Adriatic, Red Sea, Sumbava, Java, Manilla, Australia.
264. €. birostratus Deby? A.S. Atl. tab. XIV, fig. 23. Solitary in a sample without habitat. Area: Campeachy Bay.
Of this species I have only seen one specimen, somewhat smaller than the figure by A.S. and with somewhat more distant rays.
965. €. crebrecostatus Grev. = €. Heufleri Grun. A.S. Atl. tab. XIV, fig. 26.
Solitary in a sample without habitat.
Area: Porto Seguro, Red Sea, Madagascar, Malay Archipelago, Sansego, Samoa, Sandwich Islands, Philippines, Port Jackson.
266. @. Grevillei Leud. Fortm. Leud. Fortm. Ceyl. tab. V, figs.54—56.
KKm, KKt, KMn—CLt s.1. (12 samples).
Area: Madagascar, Ceylon, Sandwich Islands.
267. €. Ralfsii W.Sm. A.S. Atl. tab. XIV, fig. 2. KKm, KKt (2 samples). Area: Europe, India.
312 160
268. €. samoensis Grun. A.S. Atl. tab. XV, figs. 18—20.. K Kt, KMn—CLt (8 samples). Area: Bahia, Madagascar, Puerto Cabello, Samoa, Malay Archipelago, Tahiti.
In a sample from KMn—CLt I found a Campylodiscus agreeing with C. Castracani Jan. (Gaz. Exp. tab. XIX, fig. 15), which by Deby (Camp. p- 26) is identified with C. incertus A.S. = C. Samoensis Grun.
969. €. Browneanus Grev. var. Phalangium (A.S.) Deby. A.S. Atl. tab. LILI, fig. 17.
KKt, KMn—CLt (2 samples).
Area: Campeachy Bay.
270. €. Daemelianus Grun. A.S. Atl. tab. LIV, fig. 2.
Found only in a sample from KKm. Area: Madagascar, Malay Archipelago.
271. €. humilis Grev. Grev. Trans. Bot. Soc. VIII, tab. Il, fig. 1. K Kn, ».1. (2 samples). Area: Woodlark Island.
972. (. latus Shadb. A.S. Atl. tab. XVIII, fig. 26 (C. ambiguus Grev.). Found only in a sample without habitat. Area: the coasts of America, Europe, East India.
273. C. Wallichianus Grev. var. Normaniana Grun. A.S. Atl. tab. XIV, fig. 14 (C. Normanianus Grun.).
Area: West Indies, Zanzibar, Java.
Striate Deby.
274, (, Thureti Bréb. Perag. Diat. de Fr. tab. LVII, fig. 8. Kkt, TK, s.1. (4 samples). Area: Europe. Malay Archipelago.
In a sample from KKt I found a form (Tab. nostr. II, fig. 34) which, if it really is a Diatom — and not only a spore — must probably be referred to Xanthiopyxis Ehr. The propositions are: L. c. 0,06 mm, b. c. 0,08 mm., everywhere provided with close radiant spines. Only one specitnen met with. It reminds somewhat of Podosira (Xanthiopyzis ?) spinoradiata Brun. (Temp. & Brun Japon tab. IV, fig. 10), found in ,Cal- caire de Yedo et de Jackson’s Paddock (trés rare)‘.
161 313
The present material examined by me has proved to be rather rich both in individuals and in species but on the whole it is rather uniform. Only seldom a single species is predominant in the samples such as Cocconeis binotata, Grammatophora oceanica, Mastogloia ineequalis, Synedra affinis, but I have not been able to point out any difference dependent on variation of the depths which range from one to ten fathoms.
The genera which characterize the material in its entirety are Cocconeis and Mastogloia, which occur in numerous samples and also often in a great number.
The following species are especially predominant: Actinocyelus subtilis var., Biddulphia pulchella, Climacosphenia elongata, Cocconeis binotata, Cocconeis fimbriata, Euphyllodium spathulatum, Grammato- phora oceanica, Mastogloia quvinqvecostata, Nav. (Dipl.) Crabro and variants, Navicula Lyra, Nav. (Trachyneis) aspera and variants, Rhabdonema adriaticum, Rhaphoneis amphiceros and variants, Synedru levigata and Triceratium dubiwm. Freshwater forms occur quite singly especially in samples from Lem Ngob (from the mangrove). Plankton forms are rare and occur only as fragments. I have not met with Achnanthes}baccata (compare Flora of Koh Chang, part VI, p. (40—41) 258—259). Nearly all the species met with by me are recorded from the Tropics and more particularly from the Malay Archipelago, which previously has been well examined by eminent diatomologists ').
The marine Diatoms of Siam have a tropical character but do not occupy a peculiar position among the other East-Indian marine Diatoms such as it might also be anticipated.
1) I have first been acquainted with the treatise of C. Mereschkowsky: On Polynesian Diatoms, St. Pétersbourg 1902, when my manuscript was already in press; I have therefore only been able to make use of it in noting the geographical distribution of the species stated in my treatise.
314 162.
Cycadaceae, Taxaceae, Gnetaceae, Pandanaceae, Smilaceae, Commelinaceae, Amaryllidaceae, Taccaceae, Dioscoreaceae
by C. H. Ostenfeld -— Copenhagen.
Cycadaceae.
Cycas L.
1. ©. eireinalis L., Sp. pl. 1658; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India, V, p. 656; U. sphaerica Roxb., F]. India, Il, p. 747.
Male cone, female carpophylls with ripe seeds and a young plant were brought home, preserved in alcohol.
Koh Kahdat, sandy seashore, plentiful (No. 548).
Area (after Warburg, Monsunia I): India, Ceylon, Nicobar Islands, Burma, Sumatra, Java, South China.
Taxaceae.
Podocarpus L’Herit.
1. P. Wallichianus C. Presl., Botan. Bemerk., p. 110, 1844; R. Pilger, Taxaceae in Engler: Das Pflanzenreich, Heft 18, 1903, p.59; P. latifolia Wallich, Plantae As. rarior., 1830, p. 26, tab. 30 (non P. latifolia (Thunb.) R. Br.); Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India, V, p. 649.
A young plant about 50 cm. high has been collected. The leaves are 10—11 cm. long and 2—2,5 em. broad; R. Pilger 1. c. quotes 3—4 em. broad, but perhaps the leaves are broader in the grown-up plants.
There have also been collected sterile branches of a plant which I consider as a unusually broad-leaved P. Wallichianus. The leaves are broadly ovate, 11—13 em. long and 5—6 em. bread, long acuminate. The branches resemble closely branches of Agathis, but the buds and their scales are acute as in Podocarpus, sect. Nageia, while Agathis has. obtuse bud-scales and rounded buds.
Very common in the jungle near Lem Dan and Klong Munsé (No, 399), Area: East India, Burma,
163 : 315
Gnetaceae. Gnetum L.
1. G. negleetum Blume, Rumphia, IV, p. 6, pl. 175, fig. 2; Karsten in Ann. Jard. Buitenzorg, XI, p. 205; non Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India, V, p. 642; (?)G. macrostochyum Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India, V, p. 642.
Although the collected specimens are sterile, I think that my determi- nation shall be right.
Koh Kahdat, sandy seashore. Area (according to Warburg, Monsunia I): Arracan, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo, Java.
Pandanaceae. Pandanus L.
1. P. tectorius Soland., Prim. fl. ins. pacif. ined. 350; Parkinson, Journ. of a Voy. to the South Sea in H. M.S. The Endeavour, 1773; Warburg, Pandanaceae, in Engler, Das Pflanzenreich, Heft 3, 1900, p. 46; P. odoratissimus L. fil., Suppl., 1791, p. 424; Williams, Liste des plantes connues du Siam, Bull. Herb. Boiss., 2. sér., IV, 1904, p. 220; P. fasei- eulatus Lam. Eneyclop.; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India, VI, p. 485.
a, sinensis Warb., |. c. p. 48.
Very common throughout the area explored, on seashores (No. 101).
Area: Seychelles and Mascarenes Islands, India, Polynesia, South Asia to China, Australia. — Cultivated in the Tropics.
Note. In the collections from Koh Chang some sterile shoots of Pandanaceae occur, but | have not been able to determine them.
Smilaceae. Heterosmilax Kunth.
1. H. indica A.DC., Monogr. Phanerog., vol. 1, Smilaceae, p. 43; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India, VI, p. 314.
Dr. Schmidt has brought home a specimen of a plant which un- doubtfully must be taken as a Heterosmilax; unfortunately the specimen has no flowers nor fruits, but the leaves and the umbel-peduncles with their receptacles and bracteoles agree well with specimens of H. indica in the Copenhagen-Museum, collected by the late Dr. Voigt in ,India orientalis* (0: Serampore or Calcutta). The leaves of Dr. Schmidt’s plant are 9—17 cm. long, 4—8 cm. broad, ovate-oblong, acuminate-cuspidate from the rounded-obtuse or subcordate base; the sheathing part of the petiole is very short and narrow.
Koh Kahdat, jungle, a liane (No. 553). Area: Assam and the Khasia Hills.
316 164
Commelinaceae. Pollia Thumb.
1. . thyrsiflora (Blume) Hasskarl, Plantae Junghuhnianae, p. 150, 1853; Clarke, Commelinaceae in A. & C. De Candolle, Monogr. Phanerog., vol. Ill, p. 124; Hook. f., Fl. British India, VI, p. 367; Tradescantia th. Blume in Roemer & Schultes, Syst. Veg. VII, 2, 1830, p.1157; Lampro- carpus th. Blume, ibidem, p. 1726.
The specimen collected was beginning to flower and no fruit is devel- oped, but I think that the short and dense inflorescence and the large
and broad bracts and bracteoles are sufficient to distinguish it from the allied P. aclisia Hassk.
Klong Sarlakpet in the jungle (No. 847). Area: Java, Philippine Islands, South Andamans.
Amaryllidaceae. Curculigo Gartn.
1. ¢, latifolia Dryand. in Ait. Hort. Kew., Ed. 2, II, p. 253; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India, VI, p. 280; C. sumatrana Roxb:, FI. Ind., II, p. 146; Wight, Icones tab. 2042. ;
The specimens collected belong to the first mentioned form in Hooker f., 1. ¢.
Common in the jungle near Lem Dan (No, 511).
Area: Andaman Islands, Burma, Malay Peninsula, Malay Archipelago.
Crinum L.
2. ¢. asiaticum L., Sp. pl. 419; Baker, Handb. of Amaryllid. p. 75; Botan. Magazine, tab. 1073; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India, VI, p. 280. C. toai- canum Roxb., Wight, [cones tab. 2021—2.
Koh Kahdat, sandy seashore (No. 569).
Area: India, Ceylon.
Taccaceae. Tacea Forst.
1. 1. pinnatifida Forst., Plant. Esculent., No. 28; Char. Gen. p. 69, tab. 35; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India, VI, p. 287; Curtis, Botan. Magazine, tab. 7299, 7300, 1893; T. pinnatifolia Gartn., De Fruct., I, p. 43, tab. 14.
Only a scape with mature fruits was brought home, but the species
is recognisable by the ribbed seeds, the unilocular fruit, the long filiform bracts and the numerous involucral leaves.
165 317
Koh Kahdat, sandy seashore (No. 572 a).
Area: Madagascar and both coasts of tropical Africa (acc. to Bot. Maga- zine), The Concans, coasts of India, Ceylon, Malay Peninsula, Malay and Pacific Islands, North Australia. Commonly cultivated in the Tropics of the Eastern Hemisphere.
Note. The TY. viridis Hemsley (Hook. f., Icones P]., 2515—16, 1897) is nearly allied to the above species, and by the scarce material a distinction between these two species is hardly possible.
2. T. lancifolia Zoll. & Mor., in Moritzi, System. Verzeichniss der von H. Zollinger in den Jahren 1842-44 auf Java gesammelten Pflanzen, etc., Solothurn 1845-46, p. 91; T. integrifolia Schnitzlein, Iconographia,
vol. I, 1843—46, pl. 58, figs. 1, 7—15, non Ker.-Gawl.; J. laevis Wallich herb., non Roxb.
— — var. breviscapa nov. var.
Rhizoma subterranea erecta, brevis; petiola foliorum laevia, infra in vaginas dilatata, 10 (8—12) cm. longa; folia lanceolata vel elliptici-lanceolata, longe acuminata, 20 (15—30) cm. longa, 5 (3—7) cm. lata, levia, petiolo subduplo breviora; scapus floriferus petiolis duplo vel triplo brevior, 5—10 ecm. longus, levis; involucri folia 4, ovato-lanceolata, acuminata, sub- zequalia, exteriora 2—92,5 cm. longa, 0,7—0,8 cm. lata, 9—10-nervata; flores 3—5 in umbrella, petiolis brevibus (c. 1,0 cm. in statu fructifero) ; cirri longi numerosi; perianthium, stamina et stylus fere ut in 7. lanctfolia (Schnitzlein, 1. c.); fructus (submaturus) sicco-baccatus, 2 em. longus, perianthio persistenti coronatus, 6-alatus; semina numerosissima, oblique ovata, curvata, striata, 0,25—0,30 cm. longa, 0,15 em. lata.
Dr. Schmidt has brought home 4 dried specimens and some um- bels in alcohol of a Yacca which is allied to T. lancifolia Zoll. & Mor. in Java, but differs by the shorter stalked leaves, the very short scape ete.; the umbels preserved in alcohol and the three dried specimens have not full-developed flowers, only young buds; but there is one specimen with nearly ripe fruit. The form of the leaves and of the involucral leaves are about as in a javanese specimen of T. lancifolia, and consequently | think it better to consider the Siamese plant a variety, until we know the entire-leaved species of Tacca better. It seems to me, that they form a line from T. cristata Jack, T. integrifolia Ker. Gawl., T. laevis Roxb. to T. lancifolia Zoll. & Mor., the length of the scape and the differentation of the involucral leaves varying very much; therefore other characters are necessary for distinction.
The Indian plant figured by Schnitzlein (1. c.) from a specimen sent by Wallich belongs beyond doubt to T. lancifolia; 1 have also seen a specimen from Wallich’s herbarium which is like javanese T. lanei- folia, only being a little larger.
Jungle near Klong Son, end of February (No. 641). Area (of P. lancifolia): Java, India (Wallich).
318 166
Dioscoreaceae. Dioscorea L.
1. D. daemona Roxb., FI. India, If, p.805; Wight, Icones,- tab. 811; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India, VI, p. 289. Only the male racemes, the roots and old leaves were brought home,
but the roots were cultivated in the Botanical Gardens of Copenhagen and have given rise to new shoots and 3-foliate leaves.
On rocks in the jungle near Klong Munsé (No. 469), opposite Koh Sarlak on the E. coast (No. 721). Area: India, Burma, Malay Peninsula, Malay Islands, Tonkin.
167 319
Eriocaulaceae
by V. A. Poulsen — Copenhagen.
Eriocaulon L.
£. quinquangulare L. Ricefields near Lem Dan, plentiful (No. 250). Area: India, Ceylon.
320 168
Combretaceae
by Johs. Schmidt.
Terminalia L.
1. T. Katappa L.
Common throughout the area explored on sandy seashores, Often cul- tivated around villages (No. 792).
Area: Madagascar, Malay Archipelago, New Guinea, Pacific Islands; com- monly cultivated in tropical countries.
2. TB. sp. Klong Son; edge of the jungle; a tall tree (No. 657).
Calycopteris Lamk. 3. ¢€. floribunda Lamk.
Dry plains near Lem Dan and dry places in the jungle near Klong Munsé. A large scandent shrub. Flowering in January and February. Swarms of insects are often seen around flowering specimens (No. 141, 383, 408, 448),
Area: India, in tropical parts of the Western Peninsula, also found from Assam to Singapore.
Quisqualis L.
4. Q. indica L. Jungle near Klong Son; flowering in March (No. 684).
Area: Indo China, Malay Archipelago, Philippines, Western Tropical Africa, often cultivated in tropical countries.
Lumnitzera Willd.
5. L. coceinea W. & Arn.
Very common throughout the area explored with the Mangroves. Flowering in January, February, March; a small tree or a shrub with red flowers (No. 80).
Area: Malay Peninsula, Malay Archipelago, Northern Australia, Pacific Islands.
6. L. racemosa Willd.
A shrub with white flowers, far less common than the preceding species. like this on the shores with the Mangroves; Koh Kong and Lem Ngob (No. 356).
Area: Coasts of both Peninsule, Malay Archipelago, E. Africa, Madagascar, N. Australia.
169 321
Myrsinaceae by Carl Mez — Halle.
Ardisia Sw.
1. A. Helferiana Kurz.
Jungle near Lem Dan. A shrub with black fruit in February (No. 109, 797). Area: Tenasserim, Manipore.
2. A. crispa (Thbg.) A. DC.
Lem Dan, Klong Munsé, Klong Majum, in the jungle. A small tree with flowers (white or reddish) in January—February (No. 95, 594 c, 839).
Area: From the Sikkim-Himalaya to the Chinese Prov. Sze-Chuan, island of Yesso, Philippines, Sumatra, Borneo. — — var. angusta Clarke.
Jungle near Klong Munsé. A small tree with flowers (white or reddish) in February (No. 494 a).
Area: Malacca.
3. A. colorata Roxb.
Jungle near Klong Munsé. With black fruit in February (No. 843). Area: From East-Bengal to Singapore; Java; Nilghiri Hills.
4, A. vigida Kurz.
Jungle near Klong Munsé. A shrub or a small tree (No. 60, 403). Area: Tendsserim, Siam — a very rare species.
Maesa Forsk.
5. M. ramentacea Wall.
Lem Dan, Klong Prao, Klong Son, in dry plains. A small tree or a shrub with small white flowers in January—March (No. 205, 708, 829).
Area: From East-Bengal to the Chinese Prov. Yun-Nan, the Andamanes and Nicobares, Sumatra, Java and Borneo.
Aegiceras G&rtn.
6. Ae. corniculatum (L.) Blanco. *) Common with the Mangroves all over the explored area.
Area: From the Malabar Coast and Ceylon to the Chinese Prov. Kwang- Tung, the Philippines, the Malay Archipelago and tropical Australia.
') Determined by Johs. Schmidt.
322 170
Convolvulaceae by H. Hallier — Hamburg.
Merremia Dennst.
1. M. umbellata Hallier f. var. orientalis Hallier f. in Bull. soc. r. bot. Belg. XXXVI (1896), p. 270. Koh Lom, on rocks near the Sea (No. 718 g).
Area: Ostafrika (Massailand), Ostindien von Nepal bis Khasia und Burma, Ceylon, Tonkin, Hongkong, Kwangtung, Ostkiiste von Malacca, Manila, malaiischer Archipel von Sumatra bis Neuguinea, Australien (Rockingham Bay).
Ipomoea Linn.
2. I. (§ Leiocalyx) reptans Poir.; Hallier f. in Bull. soc. r. bot. Belg. XXXVI, 1 (1898), p. 97.
Naval station opposite Koh Kong in a pool, rice-field near Lem Dan (No. 327, 840).
Area: Sehr gemein in allen tropischen Gegenden der alten Welt, Austra- liens und Oceaniens; Siidafrika; Cuba.
3. L. (§ Leiocalyx) pes caprae Sweet var. emarginata Hillier f. in Bull. soc. r. bot. Belg. XXXII, | (1898), p.98 and in Jahrb. Hamb. wiss. Anstalten XII, 3. Beih. (1899), p. 48.
Common throughout the area explored in sandy (also in rocky) coasts (No. 45).
Area: Sehr gemein am sandigen Strande fast aller tropischen und sub- tropischen Gegenden.
4. I. (§ Leiocalyx) littoralis Boiss. (von Bl.); Hallier f. in Jahrb. Hamb. wiss. Anst. XIJ, 3. Beiheft (18) p. 47.
Rayong, sandy seashore.
Area: Sandiger Meeresstrand in Westindien, Florida, Texas, Mexico, Nica- ragua, Costarica, Columbien, Ecuador, Franzésisch Guiana, Brasilien, Azoren, von Senegal bis nach Angola, Mittelmeerktisten, Mauritius, Ostkiiste der Halb- insel Malacca, Formosa, Kwantung, Liu-kiu-Archipelag, trop. Australien.
5. I. (Eriospermum) glaberrima Boj. Koh Lom, on rocks near the Sea (No. 718d).
Area: Mexico, Venezuela, Westindien (St. Domingo, St. Lucia, Portorico, Guadeloupe etc.), Ostafrika und Insel Sansibar, Comoren, Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychellen, Vorder- und Hinterindien, Ceylon, Aldabra-Inseln, Andamanen, Phi- lippinen, Karolineninsel Yap, Marshallinseln (Jaluit), malaiischer Archipel bis zu den Salomonsinseln, Ostktiste von Australien, Oceanien bis nach Neucaledonien.
171 393
Verbenaceae
by ©. B. Clarke — Kew.
Lantana L.
1, L, Camara Linn., Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p.627, ed. 2, p. 874; Schauer in DC. Prodr. v. 11, p. 598; Mig. Fl. Nederl. Ind. v. 2, p. 904 in Obs.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 4, p. 562 in nota; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 26 (1890), p. 251. ZL. aculeata Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 627, ed. 2, p. 874. Klong Sarlakpet; a shrub (No. 738).
Area: Native of Tropical America; occurs as a weed in India, China, Malaya. ,
Stachytarpheta Vahl.
2. S. indiea Vahl, Enum. v. 1 [1805], p. 206; Schauer’ in DC. Prodr. v.11, p. 564 (Stachytarpha); Mig. Fl. Nederl. Ind. v. 2, p. 907 (Stachy- tarpha); Hook. f. FI]. Brit. Ind. v. 4, p. 564; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 26 [1890], p. 251.
S. Jamaicensis, Vahl Enum. v. 1 [1805], p. 206; Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 1860.
S. Bogoriensis, Moritzi, Verz. Zoll. Pfl. p. 52.
Verbena Indica, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 27.
Lem Ngob, edge of dry jungle (No. 33).
Area: Scattered in India, China, Malaya, but perhaps indigenous only in the warm parts of America.
Callicarpa Linn.
_ 3. ©. longifolia Lamk., Encycl. v. 1 [1783], p. 563, Illustr. t. 69; Schauer in DC. Prodr. v. 11, p. 645; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. v. 2, p. 887; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 4, p. 570; Hemsl. in. Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 26 [1890], p. 253.
Plains near Klong Prao, Klong Sarlakpet on rocks in the jungle; a shrub with lilac flowers and white fruits (No. 717, 861).
Area: India, China, Malaya, Trop. Australia.
4, (. cana Linn., Mant. [1771], p. 198; Blume Bijd. p. 817; Schatier
in DC. Prodr. v.11, p.643; Mig. Fl. Nederl. Ind. v.2, p. 885; Hook. f.
Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 4, p. 568; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 26 [1890], p. 252, 21*
324 172
C. Americana, Lour. Fl. Cochinch. p. 70, non Linn. C. Sumatrana, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. v, 2, p. 886.
Lem Ngob, edge of dry jungle; a shrub with lilac flowers and black fruits (No. 5). Area: India; extending thence to the Philippines and North Australia.
Tectona Linn.
5. 1. grandis, Linn. f. Suppl. [1781], p. 151; Schauer in DC. Prodr. v. 11, p.629; Moritzi Verz. Zoll. Pfl. p. 53; Mig. Fl. Neder]. Ind. v. 2, p. 901; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 4, p.570; Brandis Forest Fl. p. 354, t. 44. Occasionally cultivated.
Area: South India. From Northeast India and Burma extended throughout Malaya.
Premna Linn.
6. P. integrifolia Linn. Mant. [1771], p. 252, syn. Burm. excl.; Wight Ic. Pl. Ind. Or. t. 1469; Moritzi Verz. Zoll. Pfl. p. 52; Mig. FI. Neder]. Ind. v. 2, p. 894; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 4, p.574; Hemsl. in . Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 26 [1890], p. 255.
P. serratifolia, Linn. Mant. [1771], p. 253; Schauer in DC. Prodr. v. 11, p. 632.
Koh Lom, a shrub on rocks near the Sea (No. 716).
Area: India, China, Malaya, Tropical Africa.
7. P. obtusifolia R. Brown Prodr. [1810], p. 512; Schauer in DC. Prodr. v.11, p. 637.
Littoral forest near Lem Dan (No. 180), plains near Lem Dan (No. 621),
Area: Timor, Tenimber, Tropical Australia.
Vitex Linn.
8. Y¥. vestita Schauer in DC. Prodr. v.11 [1847], p.692; Mig. Fl. Neder]. Ind. v.2, p. 864; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 4, p. 587.
Wallich List n. 1750.
Wallich’s List of bare names was not printed; a few lithographed copies were made. The plants were (largely) sorted by hand and eye only, so that the number of mixed species in the type set (omitting the issued duplicates) is large and of mixed genera considerable; on these facts, botanists now hesitate to accept Wallich’s List as ,published species‘.
Jungle near Klong Munsé, river-side; yellow flowers and black fruits (No, 294, 434).
Area: Malaya (from Penang to Borneo).
173 325
9. Y. pubescens Vahl Symb. v.3 [1794], p. 85; Blume Bijd. p. 812; Moritzi Verz. Zoll. Pfl. p.53; Mig. Fl. Nederl. Ind. v.2, p. 861; Schauer in DC. Prodr. v.11, p. 685; Hook. f. Brit. Ind. v. 4, p. 585.
V. arborea, Roxb. Fl. Ind. v.3, p. 73; Wight Ic. Pl. Ind. Or. t. 1465.
Pistacia Vitex, Linn. FI. Zeyl. p. 195.
Lem Dan (No. 428).
Area: Throughout India and Malaya.
10. ¥. trifolia Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p.638, ed. 2, p.890; Schauer in DG. Prodr. v.11, p. 683; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 4, p. 583.
Area: Southeast Asia, to Japan and Trop. Australia.
var. @ unifoliata Schauer in DC. Prodr. v. 11, p. 683; Miq. Fl. Nederl. Ind. v.2, p. 859; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 26 [1890] p. 258.
Y. ovata Thunb. Fl. Jap. |p. 257; Hook. et Arn. Beechey Voy. pp. 206, 268, t. 47.
Rayong, Cape Liant on sandy seashores.
Area: From Mauritius to the Sandwich Isles.
Clerodendron Linn.
11. @. inerme Gaertn. Fruct. v.1 [1788], p. 271, t.57, fig. 1; Miq. Fl. Neder]. Ind. v. 2, p. 868; Schauer in DC. Prodr. v. 11, p. 660; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 4, p. 589; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 26 [1890], p. 261. Koh Kahdat, sandy seashore, a shrub with white flowers (No. 321, 552 d). Area: India, Malaya, Polynesia, near the sea.
12. ©. Siphonanthus, Aiton Hort. Kew ed. 2, v. 4 [1812], p. 65; Wight Illustr. Ind. Bot. t.173; Mig. Fl. Nederl. Ind. v.2, p. 883; Schauer in DC. Prodr. v.11, p.670; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 4, p.595; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v.26 [1890] p. 262.
Open grassy places near Lem Dan, a shrub (No. 16, 260).
Area: India, Malaya.
13. C. villosum Blume Bijd. [1825], p. 811.
Syn. Rheede excl.; Schauer in DC. Prodr. v.11, p. 667; Mig. Fl. Neder]. Ind. v.2, p. 877; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 4, p. 595.
C. velutinum, Moritzi, Verz. Zoll. Pfl. p. 53. — Wallich List n. 1797. Lem Ngob, Lem Dan in dry jungle, a shrub (No. 12, 217). Area: Malaya (Malacca to the Philippines).
14. (©. Schmidtii, C.B.Clarke sp. nova.
Rami teretes pubescentes. . Petioli 5 cm. longi, pilis simplicibus brevibus densius vestiti. Folii lamina 18 cm. longa, 5—6 cm. lata,
326 174
oblonga, breviter acuminata, basi auriculis rotundatis cordata; margines integri; nervi primarii 10 pares; facies superior vix rugo- sula, praeter nervum centralem glabrata; facies inferior in nervis breviter villosa. Pedunculus terminalis 5 cm. longus, florens arcte deflexus. Panicula 14 cm. longa, 5 em. lata, oblonga, composita, 80-flora. Calyx 6 mm. longus, glaber, rubescens, lobis lJanceolatis alte lobatus. Corollae tubus 1 cm. longus, linearis; lobi 5 mm. longi [albi]. Fructus 1 cm. in diam., glaber, niger. — Sp. eximia. Cl. nutanti proxima.
Klong Sarlakpet; Klong Munsé, a small tree or a shrub with black fruit (No. 740, 475).
15. . hastato-oblongum C.B. Clarke sp. nova.
Petioli 8 cm. longi. Folii lamina basi truncata hastata. Pani- cula subglobosa, 6—7 cm. in diam., 12—16 flora. Calycis lobi ovati acuti. Ceteroquin ut C. Schmidtdi, hujusque forsan var. um- brosa, foliis tenuioribus, pedunculo gracillimo.
Jungle near Klong Son, a shrub (No, 692 a).
Congea Roxb.
16. ©. velutina Wight Ic. Pl. Ind. Or. [1850], t. 1479, 3 vel 1566; Hook. f. F). Brit. Ind. v. 4, p. 603.
Common in the jungle near Lem Dan, especially along riverbanks, a liane (No. 433).
Area: Malay Peninsula.
Sphenodesma, Jacq.
17. §8. microstylis CG. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 4 [1885], p. 600.
Brachynema ferruginea, Griff. Notul. v. 4, p. 176.
Plains near Lem Dan, a shrub (No. 474, 862).
Area: Malay Peninsula, Siam.
18. 8. Jackiana Schauer in DC. Prodr. v.11 [1847], p. 622; Miq. Fl. Neder]. Ind. v.2, g. 909; Wight Ie. Pl. Ind. Or. t. 1477;
S. pentandra, Jack in Malay. ms. v. 1, p.19, in Hook. Brit. Mise. v.1, p. 285; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 4, p. 602 pro parte.
Congea Jackiana Wallich in Hook. Bot. Mise. v.1, p. 285 in Obs. — Wallichs List n. 1735.
Folia (imo inter inflorescentiam) usque ad 17 cm. longa, 9 em. lata, breviter acutata chartacea, micantia, fere glabrata. Calyx. glaber tubuloso-campanulatus, dentibus 10, nempe 5 lanceolatis subreflexis, 5 lato-triangularibus acutis erectis (ut recte cl. Schauer).
175 327
Koh Chick, in the jungle (No. 862).
Area: Malaya — Cultivated in Saharunpore, Hongkong &c.
Sph. Wallichiana Schauer in DC. Prodr. v.11, p. 629, i. e. S. pen- tandra, Wight Ic. Pl. Ind. Or. t. 1475, i. e. Roscoea pentandra, Roxb. Fl. Ind. v. 3, p. 54, a Sylhet plant, differs much in the size, shape and texture of the leaves, in the calyx-teeth 5 only, subtruncate; and appears speci- fically distinct enough from Sphenodesma Jackiana. But there are inter- mediate sub-species or varieties, of which Sph. acuminata Wight Ic. PI. Ind. Or. t. 1476 is one; and in the Flora of British India, the whole series was united in one broad species as had been previously done in the Kew Herbarium. At all events, the Koh Chang example is typical’ Sphenodesma Jackiana Schauer.
Avicennia Linn.
19. A. officinalis Linn. Sp. Pl. ed.1, p.110; Schauer in DC. Prodr. v.11, p. 700; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 4, p.604; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 26 [1890], p. 265.
A. tomentosa, R. Brown Prodr, p.518; Wall. Pl. As. Rar. v. 3, p. 44, t. 271.
Bontia germinans, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 891.
Very common with the Mangroves throughout the area explored (No. 38).
Area: E, Africa, Tropical and subtropical seashores of Asia, Australia, Polynesia. New Zealand.
328 176
Labiatae.
by C. B. Clarke — Kew.
Dysophylla Lour.
1. D. Auricularia Blume Bijdr. [1825], p. 826; Wight Ic. Pl. Ind. Or. t. 1445; Benth. in DC. Prodr. v.12, p. 156; Moritzi Verz. Pfl. Zoll. p. 55; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 4, p. 638; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 26 [1890], p. 276.
Pogostemon auricularia, Hassk. Cat. h. Bogor. p.131; Mig. Fl. Nederl. Ind. v. 2, p. 964.
Mentha Auricularia Linn. Mant. [1767], p. 81.
Klong Sarlakpet, Lem Dan in muddy ricefields (No. 261, 626, 864).
Area: Common throughout India; extending to China, Malaya and the Philippines.
Anisochilus Wall.
2. A. sp. (A. dysophylloidi Benth. proxima). Klong Prao, on rocks in the jungle (No. 706 c). Area:
Ocimum Linn.
3. 0. Basilicum Linn. Mant. [1767], p.85; Benth. in DC. Prodr. v. 12, p. 38; Moritzi Verz. Zoll. Pfl. p.55; Mig. Fl. Nederl. Ind. v. 2, p. 939; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 4, p. 609; Boiss. Fl. Orient v. 4, p.539; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 26 [1890] p. 266.
Lem Dan near the village, where it is occasionally cultivated (No. 281).
Area: From Cabul to China, Polynesia, Australia.
This is a sacred plant, cultivated at temples and monasteries. It
varies a good deal in habit; the Koh Chang plant is the glabrate form of Bentham.
Kebenhavn. — Bianco Lunos Bogtrykkeri.
Explanation of Plate I.
. 1, Actinoptychus moronensis (Grev.) Cl. var. nov. guttata Ost........
2. Cyclotella transsylvanica Pant. var. dessiminato-punctata Pant... . 3a. Euphyllodium spathulatum Shadbolt............-..00 eee e eee
b. _ = _ Structure >< 1500 ..........
& - = = BPrusttile:js:scsaseraacaney at A, Tracer ntiwm Spies nica oo84 gla 68849 ROR g GRE OEE A glen de daa ery 5, MUTI: PECENS GILG 5 ans Voce te othe eh See e Bes See eS 6. Rhaphoneis bilineata Cl. & Grun. var. contracta Grun.?.........- 7. Navicula balatonts Pant, «csi ccc cares ceased sans seem aes 8. Glyphodesmis siamensis Ost. forma minor .............0...0 065. 9. — _ Sd aaadiinh 4 Sine dee anes Meo SEES 10. Navicula (Pinnularia) Farcimen Ost.................. in 11. — (Caloneis) siamensis Ost. .........0..0 600000 c ees 12. Cyclophora siamensis Ost... 2.000.000.0060 c cece ees 13. Striatella delicatwla (Ktz.) Grun. var. gibbosa Ost..............-. 14, Achnanthes mammalis Cast
16. _ _— - = - — Epitheca..........
With exception of fig. 3b, the figures have been enlarged 660 times.
Pag. 270 268 278 278 278 973 275 280 286 281 280 286 987 283 276 283
Tavle 1.
Bolanisk Tidsskrift, Bd. 26.
es:
cescose so:
sw WONT UOT Ita voor
“maaan nga te oop Lid ~ = = aT) ee ; > aa Bt 28 SSS ane. aot ee
0
Pacht & Crone phototyp.
E, Ostrup del.
Explanation of Plate II.
Pag Fig. 17. Navieula (Caloneis) disticha A.S.....00. 000. eee 287 — 18. crucifera Grun.? var. capitata Ost......... 000.0000. 287 — 19. _ (Caloneis) Sp — gl Rk ete enemas cicanW his 287 — 20. -- (Diploneis) ocellata Ost..... 0.000.000 000 c cece 291 — 21. — mediopartita Grove Var. ........ 2. eee 292 — 22. _ (Pseudoamphiprora) decora Grev. ................00 005 293 —- 93-24, — subglabra Ost. 0.0. ccc eee ees 296 — 95. Mastogloia Jelenecki Grun. var.? 0.00... eee ee 300 — 26. Van Heurckia siamensis Ost. 2.000000... 000 ences 296 — 27. Scolioplewra siamensis Ost. .....00.0660 000 ee 298 — 98. Rhoicosphenia tenwissima Ost........0.00.00.0.0 00 cece ce cece eee 303 — 29, Nitzschia panduriformis Greg. var. interrupta Ost. .............. 306 — 80. Navicula bipunctata Grun.?... 0. ee 294, — 31. Hantzschia marina (Donk.) Grun. var. leptocephala Ost. ......... 310 — 82. Mastogloia sp. No. 212....0.. 000. cen eee 302 — 33. _ quadrinotata Ost... 00.0060 301 — 84, Xantiopywis sp.2? eee eee eee ee BAY — 35. Mastogloia parvula Ost... 0.06. 302 — 36. Mastogloia sp. No.241......00.0 00 eens 302
All figures have been enlarged 660 times.
Tavle 2.
Bolanisk Tidsskrifl, Bd. 26.
ai ayn)
See eo ae
: See 0 Se
phototyp.
Pacht & Crone
E. Ostrup del.
CONTENT. OF PRECEDING PARTS.
Part I. ;
Jous. ‘Scaimpr: Introductory.’ -. “B, KRANZLIN: ‘Orchidaceae, “Apostasiaceae
Part Il. | | M. Fosue: Corallinaceae. Part II.
Cc. B. CLARKE: Cyperaceae.
E. Hacke.: Gramineae.
HL Carist; Pteridophyta Gelaginells auct..G. Hieronymus). VLR. BROTHERUS: Bryales.
Part IV. W. West and G. 5. West: Frosh Water Chlorophyceae.
TH. REINBOLD : Marine Algae (Chlorophyceae , ; PEPEOP DIP EE, Dictyo-
tales, Rhodophycede). _ M. Gomonr: Myxophyea hormiogoneae. ' Jous. Seaeior: Peridiniales.
Part V.
c. B. CLARKE: Compositae, Umbelliferae.
Jous, ScHMIDT: Rhizophoraceae..
OVE PAULSEN: Fagaceae.
F. K.: Ravn: Loranthaceae:
- Eve. WARMING: Podostemaceae.
CL OsTENFELD: ‘Hydrocharitaceae, Lemmaceae, Pontederiaceae, Pota- mogetonaceae, ‘Gentianaceae (Limnanthemum), Nymphaeaceae.
_H. Harms? Leguminosae. ;
K. Scuumann: Scitamineae.
A. ENGLER: Araceae.
F. SrepHant: Hepaticae.
Part VI. K. ScHumann: Rubiaceae, C.B. CLARKE: Lythraceae, Melastomaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Acanthaceae. 0. Warsure: Urticaceae. . E. Rosrrup and 'G. Massee: Fungi,
Part VII.
“CG. A. OSTENFELD: Marine: Plankton Diatoms. &. Ostrup: Fresh: Water Diatoms. 'F. Hem: Dipterocarpaceae. ©
Flora of Koh Chang.
Contributions to the knowledge of the vegetation in the Gulf of Siam.
By Johs. Schmidt.
Part IX.
(U. Dammer: Palmae. — C. H. Ostenfeld: Lentibulariaceae. — Edw. A. Wainio: Lichenes).
Palmae by U. Dammer — Berlin.
The small collection of Siamese Palms brought home by the Danish Expedition consists of 20 samples and in addition to those 4 species are recorded by Dr. Schmidt.
The collection is of special interest being one of the first made in Siam. 11 genera and 12 speciés are represented. A few samples are unfortunately so incompletely developed that a doubtless identification is impossible, this being specially the case with the seedlings of Calamus. All the plants collected are typical inhabitants of the hot and damp regions (resp. tropical coastal regions).
The species of Calamus and Daemonorops have been deter- mined by the monographer of these genera O. Beccari who found a new species D. Schmidtianus amongst them.
Phoenix Linné.
1. P. paludosa Roxb. Hort. Beng. 75; FI. Ind. 789. Syn. P. sia- mensis Mig. Palm. Archip. Ind. 14.
The specimens collected by Dr. Schmidt differ from the typical Ph. paludosa Roxb. in having the segments of the leaves arranged in fas- cicles; besides this the male as well as the female inflorescences are much shorter than those of the type, resembling very much those of Ph. humilis Royle var. Roebeleniit (O’Brien); but the basilar embryo shows clearly that the specimens belong really to P. paludosa Roxb.
330 98
Swamps near Lem Ngob (no. 362) and at Klong Sarlakpet (no. 744 a) fl. & fruct. immat.
Area: East India: Aestuarial shores from Bengal to Burma and Andaman Isles, Siam, Cochin China.
Licuala Thunb. 2. L. spinosa Wurmb in Verh. Bat. Genootsch. II. 469. var. cochin- chinensis Becc. Malesia lI. 74.
Though I have not seen typical specimens of Beccari’s varieties | think 1 am right when referring the specimens collected by Dr. Schmidt to the typical form of Beccari’s var. cochinchinensis. The fruits (exsic- cated) are 6 mm. long, 5 mm. in diameter, the seeds 4 mm. long, 3,5 mm. in diameter.
Grassy plains near Lem Dan (no. 471).
Area: Java, Sumatra, Malacca; var. cochinchinensis Becc.: Cochinchina meridionalis, subvar. brevidens Becc.: Saigon et ins. Phu Quoc. in sinu siamensi.
Borassus Linné. 3. B. flabellifer L. Sp. Pl. 118774). Rayong, Lower Menam, cultivated. Area: Malaya.
Zalacca Reinw. 4. 1, Wallichiana Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. [Il 200, 325 tab. 118, 119, 136.
Plains near Lem Dan (no. 442). The petioles etc. of this palm are used by the natives of Koh Chang as a material for building.
Area: Burma, Malacca, Penang, Singapore, Siam, Banca.
Calamus Linné. 5. €. palustris Griff. in Calcutta Journ. of Nat. Hist. V, p. 62; Palms of Brit. India p. 71 tab. 199.
Edge of the jungle, near Klong Munsé. (Sine num., 10—2—1900, folia).
Area: Tenasserim, Perak, Andaman Isles.
Daemonorops Blume. 6. D. (sect. Cymbospatha) Schmidtianus Becc. sp. nov.
Caudex, ut videtur, non alte scandens, mediocris vel gracilis. Folia superiora cirrifera, segmentis lineari-lanceolatis, majoribus 30 cm. longis, 15 mm. latis, basi a medio attenuatis et apice sen-
1) Determined by Johs. Schrnidt.
99 331
sim acuminatis, supra in costulis tribus setis brevibus nigris con- spersis, marginibus patule et crebre ciliatis. Spadices erecti sub- sessiles, late fusiformes, modice rostrati, spatha exteriori cymbi- formi spiculis valde elongatis tenuibus criniformibus obtecta et in rostrum quam corpus subdimidio brevius. producta; secunda et tertia spatha in dorso plus minusve spinulosa; spathis secundariis squamaeformibus acuminatis. Involucrophorum breve et spathella sua subaequilongum. Involucrum in involucrophoro omnino immer- sum,’ floris neutri areola depressa leviter tumescenti. Fructus sphaericus, 10—20 mm. diam., squamarum orthostichis 18. Semen globulare, lateraliter paullo compressum, in facie rapheali non ventricosum. — Species D. melanochaeti proxima.
Plains and jungle near Lem Dan (no. 206, 515, 624b). Flowers & fruits found in January and February.
In addition to 5 and 6 the collection of Dr. Johs. Schmidt contains a leaf of a Calamus or Daemonorops (no. 286, river-bank in the jungle near Klong Munsé) and further some seedlings belonging to one of the said two genera (no. 399. jungle near Klong Munsé), but their incomplete development render a determination impossible.
Caryota Linné.
7. (. furfuracea Bl. in Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. II]. 195, Rumphia II. 141.
The present specimens are identical with those collected by Blume in Java and which are now in the Herb. Lugd. Bat. No. 900, 171 —399. I cannot unite this species with C. mitis Lour., which has pinnules of another shape.
Common in the jungle; Koh Kahdat (no. 578 a), Klong Munsé (no. 207, 494).
Area: Java.
Pinanga Blume. 8. P. malayana Scheffer in Natuurk. Tijdsch. Ned. Ind. XXXII. 175. Klong Son (no. 635, 698 a) and Klong Munsé (no. 852), river-banks in the jungle. , Area: Malacca, Penang, Perak. Areca, Linné.
9. A. Catechu Linné Sp. Pl. 11894). Common everywhere throughout the area explored, cultivated. Area: Cultivated in the hot damp regions of Asia and Malay Islands.
10. A. triandra Roxb. Hort. Beng. 68; Fl. Ind. Ill. 617. Plains and jungle near Lem Dan (no. 120, 384, 441). According
1) Determined by Johs. Schmidt.
332 100
to the natives the Siamese name of this palm is “ton mak ling” i. e. »monkey betel-palm‘.
Area: Chittagong, Martaban, Tenasserim, Andamans, Malay Peninsula.
Cocos Linné.
11. €. nucifera L. Spec. Pl. 11887).
Throughout the area explored, especially on sandy sea shores; corn- monly cultivated.
Area: All tropical shores.
Nipa Wurmb. 12. N. fruticans Wurmb in Verh. Bat. Genootsch. I. 3491).
Found everywhere throughout the area explored in swamps inside the mangroves.
Area: Shores of the Malay Archipelago and Australia.
1) Determined by Johs. Schmidt.
104 333
Lentibulariaceae’) by C. H. Ostenfeld — Copenhagen.
Utricularia L. Sect. Phyllaria S. Kurz.
1. U. striatula Sm. in Rees, Cyclop. V, 37 (1819); Cooke, Fi. Presid. Bombay II. 2. 320; U. orbiculata Wallich, Catalogue (1828) 1500; De Candolle, Prodromus VIII, 18; Oliver in Journ. Linn. Soc., III, 187; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India IV, 334; Goebel, Ann. Jard. bot. Buitenzorg IX, 53, figs. 28, 29, 34; U. glochidiata Wight, Icones Plant. Ind. orient., IV, tab. 1581, figs. 2, 3, 12, 13.
On wet perpendicular rocks, waterfall at Klong Munsé in the jungle (Jan. 18th, 19th 1900, No. 851).
Area: India, Malaya, S. China.
Sect. Oligocista DC. 2. VU. siamensis Ostenfeld, in Fedde, Repertorium II (1906), 68.
Fig. 1. Utricularia siamensis Ostf., a, b, c, Bladders seen from beneath, from above and from the side (c. *1); d, seed (c. ®!1). (Seibert OC. I, Ob. II).
Herba terrestris parva, 2—5 cm. alta, glabra; folia per anthesin rarissima, lineari-spathulata, uninervia, parva, integra; utriculae minutae, parce foliis frequentius rhizoidis adfixae; os utriculae appendicibus flabellatis instructus; scapus erectus, strictus, filiformis, 1—4-florus, squamis parvis integris praecipue ad basin instructus;
1) MS. finished in September 1905.
102
(su) oo Ee
pedicelli c. 2 mm. longi, erecti; lobi calycini ovati, obtusi, inferior superiorem superans; corolla violacea, labium inferius corollae valde reflexum, 3-lobum, labium superius aequans vel parvo superans;
rc
calear strictum, conicum, 5 mm. longum, calycem triplo labiumque superius duplo longius; capsula fere globosa; semina ovoidea, testa reticulata, cellulae testae paucae (15—25), subhexagonales.
This new small species is mostly related to U. affinis Wight (incl. U. brachypoda Wight), but differs: lower lip of corolla 3-lobed (not scarcely emarginate), spur straight (not slightly curved), cells of the seed- testa very few in number, and especially the peculiar scape of the bladder- appendices, of which the figures (Fig. |) should give some idea.
Klong Prao, river-bed in the jungle. Flowers mauve (No. 704, March 8th 1900).
3. U. bifida L. spec. pl. 26; De Candolle, Prodromus VIII, 21; Oliver, 1. c. 182; Hooker f., 1. ce. 332; Goebel, Pflanzenbiol. Schilde- rungen II, 150, fig. 49, Ann. Jard. bot. Buitenzorg IX, 66, figs. 71, 77, 78; U. humilis Wight, |. c. tab. 1572.
Lem Dan in rice-swamps. Flowers yellow (No. 443, February 8th 1900).
Area: India, E. Asia from Japan to Borneo, Jawa and the Philippines.
4. WU. bosminifera Ostenfeld, in Fedde Repertorium II (1906), p. 68.
\ =
a b
Fig. 2. Utricularia bosminifera Ostf., a, Seed (c. li) (Seibert Oc. I, Ob. ID), b, bladder (?°/1).
Herba terrestris vel amphibia, 10—15 cm. alta; folia» per an- thesin persistentia, oblonga vel lineata-spathulata, 3(—5)-nervia, integra, interdum dichotoma, usque ad 3 cm. longa, 2—5 mm. lata; utriculae, Bosminis simillimae, parce foliis adfixae, permultae in rhizoidis stolonibusque, globosae, c. 1 mm. in diametro, tenta- culis 2 longis instructae; scapus erectus, laxus interdum ramosus, squamis parvis perpaucis instructus, 2—3(1—4)-florus; pedicelli 1—2,5 em. longi, laxi; lobi calycini inaequales, ovato-cordati, su- perior acutus, in flore 3,5 mm., in fractu 5—6 mm. longus, inferior obtusus vel truncatus, in flore 2,5 mm., in fructu 4 mm. longus; corolla flava, labium superius obovatum, erectum vel reflexum,
108 335
c. 5 mm. longum, inferius obcordatum emarginatum, c. 10 mm. latum, c. 8 mm. longum; palatum valde elevatum (galeiforme), laeve; calcar elegans, angustum, 6—7 mm. longum, leviter cur- vatum; capsula ovoida; semina subglobosa vel globoso-ovoidea, scrobiculata, c. 0,30 mm. longa, cellulae testae leviter denseque striatae.
Related to U. bifida and U. Wallichiana Wight; it has about the same shape of the seed-testa and of the bladders as U. bifida (see Fig. 2), also the prominence of the innerside of the bladder-stalks mentioned by Goebel (Ann. Jard. Buitenzorg, IX, 73, fig. 54) occurs in our species, the leaves, stolons and rhizoids are very like those of U. bifida, but the leaves are much more numerous and large, further 3- (rarely 5-) nerved (not uninerved). It is also easily distinguable by the long flower-stalks, the large underlip of the corolla and the narrow spur.
H. N. Ridley (Journ. of Botany, vol. 33, 1895, p. 11) describes an U. involvens from the Malay Peninsula (Kedah), which comes near to our species. It differs in the narrower leaves, the much higher stem (“‘circiter pedalis”), the shape and largeness of the calyx lobes and the straight spur, but the descriplion is very incomplete, e. g. the bladders and the fruit are not mentioned.
Very common in river-beds in the jungle all over Koh Chang. Some specimens were submerse, other terrestrial. Flowers yellow. Collected (with flowers) at Klong Munsé (Jan. 5th & 18th (No. 61), Klong Son (Feb. 28th, No. 679b), and Klong’ Prao (March 8th, No. 704 a).
336 104
Lichenes by Edw. A. Wainio, Helsingfors.
I. Discolichenes.
A. Cyclocarpeae. Trib. 1. Parmelieae.
1. Ramalina Ach.
1. R. farinacea (L.) Ach.
Ster. Medulla thalli KHO non reagens. Conf. cum *2. subcompla- nata Nyl., Mon. Ramal. (1870), p. 36, et &. Sandwicensi Zahlbr., Neue Flecht., p. 6 (Annal. Mycol. Vol. I, no. 4, 1903).
Ad Rhizophoram conjugatam prope Lem Ngob (no. XV, XXXII, XXXIV).
Area: Cosmopolita est, at regioni antarcticae deficiens et in regione arc- tica rara.
2, Parmelia (Ach.) De Not.
2. P. (sect. Amphigymnia) perlata Krempelh., Fl. 1869, p. 222; Wain., Etud. Lich. Brés, I (1890), p. 28, et Il, p. 256; Hue, Caus. Parm., p. 17 (Journ. de Bot. 1898), Lich. Extra-Eur. I (1901), p. 194.
Thallus margine parce sorediosus, ciliis destitutus, KHO superne et intus lutescens, KHO (Ca C1,0,) intus rubescens, CaCl,O, solo non reagens. Ster. Ad Rhizophoram prope Lem Ngob (no. XXXVI).
Area: In partibus calidioribus orbis terrarum provenit.
Specimen Swarizianum ex Ind. occ. in herb. Ach. apotheciis instruc- tum est (conf. Wain., Etud. Lich. Brés. Il, p. 256), Apothecia ejus cupuliformia, breviter stipitata, imperforata, usque ad 6 mm. lata, disco rufo; sporae long. 0,0830—0,022, crass. 0,016—0,010 mm., membrana crassiuscula; thallus ciliis destitutus, intus KHO primum lutescens, demum fulvescens (oxidatione aut alia mutatione chemica postea subrubescens), CaCl,O, non reagens, KHO (CaCl,0,) intense rubescens (conf. Th. Fr., Lich. Scand., p. 112).
Descriptiones sporarum, in scriptis Nylanderi datae, secund. herb. Nyl. in museo fennico asservatum spectant ad plantas ad alias species pertinentes. Nomine P. perlatae in herb. Nyl. (no. 35500) etiam adest nova species, quae nominetur P. Bangi Wain. Thallus ejus statura P. perlatae similis, superne albido-glaucescens, laciniis irregulariter lobatis, marginibus adscendentibus, basin loborum versus passim parce isidioideo- laceratis, granulis sorediorum et isidiis brevibus irregularibus marginem
105 337
versus parce aut sat parce inspersus, ceterum laevigatus, medulla alba, ambitum versus subtus late nudus, ceterum rhizinis tenuibus brevibus crebris instructus, margine passim parcissime ciliato aut fere eciliato, subtus fusco-niger, ambitum versus castaneuz, ad marginem anguste castaneo- pallescens, KHO superne et intus intense lutescens, CaCl,O, non reagens, KHO (CaCl,0,) intus passim levissime obsolete aurantiacus aut passim solum lutescens. Apothecia usque ad 5 mm. lata, cupuliformia, sub- sessilia, imperforata, disco rufo aut testaceo. Excipulum granulis sore- diorum et isidiis parcius inspersum, ceterum laevigatum. Sporae ,ellip- soideo-oblongae, long. 0,026—0,036, crass. 0,011—0,016 mm., membrana crassiuscula*. Pycnoconidia ,subbifusiformia, long. 0,005 mm.“ (obser- vante Nyl.). In rupe prope Le Paz in Bolivia anno 1891 legit M. Bang (no. 13). Postea etiam ad ,v. ciliatam DC.“ hoc specimen in herb. Nyl. ductum est.
3. P. latissima Fée, Ess. Crypt. Ecore. Suppl. (1837), p. 119, tab. XXXVIII, fig. 1; Hue, Lich. Extra-Eur. I (1901), p. 204. P. glaber- rima Krempelh., Fl. 1869, p. 223.
Var. eristifera (Tayl.) Hue, 1. c. p. 205. P. cristifera Tayl. in Hook. Journ. of Bot. 1847, p. 165 (Mill. Arg., Lich. Beitr., Fl. 1888, no. 1250).
Thallus margine sorediosus, intus KHO lutescens et demum rube- scens, CaC],O, non reagens, ciliis destitutus, subtus passim rhizinis in- structus, ad ambitum late nudus. Ster.
In trunco Rhizophorae ad flumen Klong Prao in insula Koh Chang (no. XX).
Secundum specimen no. 35399 in herb. Nyl. var. cristifera apothe- clis instructa est cupuliformibus, breviter pedicellatis, imperforatis, disco testaceo-rufo, sporis ,long. 0,026—0,032 mm., crassit. 0,015—0,018 mm.“, pyenoconidiis ,sublageniformibus, long. 0,005—0,007 mm., crass. 0,001 mm.“ (secund. annot. Nylanderi in specimine a Jardin lecto e loco incerto).
Area: In zona aequinoctiali distributa.
4, P. Claudelii (Harm.) Wain. P. perforata v. Claudelii Harm., Cat. Lich. Lorr. (1894), p. 196; Hue, Caus. Parm. (1898), p. 16.
Thallus margine passim sorediosus, isidiis destitutus, ciliis marginali- bus vulgo brevibus (circ. 0,3—2 mm. longis) parce instructus, superne albidus aut glaucescenti-albidus, intus albus, subtus fuscescens aut am- bitum versus castaneus testaceusve, cortice continuo, haud maculato, subtus rhizinis passim crebris instructus, ad ambitum plus minusve late aut in eodem specimine quoque solum anguste denudatus, medulla alba, KHO superne lutescens, intus primo lutescens, dein rubescens, Ca(Cl,O, non reagens. Apothecia ignota. Autonoma est species, in P. perforatam Ach. haud transiens. Ad species inter Amphigymnias et Hypotrachynas intermedias pertinet.
Ad corticem Arecae catechu prope Stationem navalem Lem Dan in insula Koh Chang (no. X, XL, fig. 1).
Area: Tantum in Europa et Asia hucusque observata. 22
338 106
In P. urceolata v. nuda Mill. Arg., Lich. Beitr. (FJ. 1880), no. 183, secund. specim. orig. ad Petropolin in Brasilia lectum thallus margine sorediosus, superne rimulosus, subtus ambitum versus late nudus, centrum versus rhizinis brevibus crebris instructus, KHO superne flavescens, intus primo lutescens, dein rubescens. — In P. urceolata v. subcetrata Mill, Arg., Lich. Beitr. (Fl. 1883), no. 569, secund. specim. orig. ad Twofold Bay ab Hartmann lectum thallus subtus usque ad ambitum rhizinis in- structus, KHO superne lutescens, intus primo lutescens, dein rubescens, superne rimulosus, lacinulis sorediosis. Ad P. cetratam Ach. pertinet, at thallo subtus partim albido, partim nigricante a f. sorediifera Wain., Etud. Lich. Bres: I (1890), p. 40, differt. In P. urceolata v. cladonivide Mill. Arg., Lich. Beitr., no. 183, secund. specim. orig. no. 35 ad Petro- polin a Deventer lectum thallus sorediis isidisque destitutus, passim mar- gine ciliato, ceterum subtus late nudus albidusque aut partim interdum nigricans, lobis bene lacinulatis et partim etiam rotundatis, KHO superne flavescens, intus non reagens, GaCl,0, neque solo, nec KHO addito, intus reagens, Apothecia ciliis destituta. Observante cel. Zahlbr., Stud. Bras. Flecht. (Sitzungsber. K. Ak. Wiss. Wien 1902), p. 423, thallus KHO intus primo lutescens, dein rubescens, Non annotavi, anne alia species specimini originali immixta sit, at secundum Mil. Arg. crescit cum var. nuda, cujus reactio talis est, qualis a cel. Zahlbr. describitur. Ceterum reactio false observatur, nisi penna, quacum solutio reagens ad thallum applicatur, exacte perpurgata est.
5. P. adspersa Wain., Lich. Nov. Rar. 1V (Hedwigia 1907), p. 168.
Thallus superne albidus vel glaucescenti-albidus, subtus niger et am- bitum versus castaneus vel testaceo-pallescens, laciniis circ, 15—3 mm. latis, irregulariter lobatis, lobis apice rotundatis, integris aut rarius rotun- dato-crenatis, aut minutissime isidioideo-denticulatis, apicibus marginibusque laciniarum plus minusve recurvo-adscendentibus aut adpressis, eciliatus, esorediatus, praesertim medium versus isidiosus, isidiis tenuissimis brevis- simisque, medulla alba, subtus rhizinis brevibus passim instructus, ambi- tum versus late nudus, KHO superne et intus lutescens, CaCl,0, non reagens, at his reagentiis unitis intus rubescens. Habitu similis est P, coralloideae (Mey. & Flot.) Wain. (P. tinetorum Despr.), at reactionibus ab ea differens et tantum sterilis lecta.
Ad corticem Rhizophorae prope Lem Ngob (no. XV et XXXIV).
6. P. platyphyllina Wain., 1. c.
Thallus superne albidus aut albido-glaucescens, intus albus, subtus niger aut ambitu interdum castaneus, laciniis circ. 20—5 mm. latis, ad- pressis, irregulariter lobatis, lobis rotundatis, basi vulgo angustatis, ad- pressis, esorediatus, isidiis destitutus, eciliatus, cortice continuo, subtus rhizinis brevibus passim instructus, ad ambitum late nudus, KHO superne et intus lutescens, addito CaCl,O, intus rubescens, CaCl,O, solo non reagens. Apothecia circ. 7—3 mm. lata, applanato-cupuliformia aut pr. p. applanata, imperforata, peltata, sessilia, disco rufo aut testaceo-rufescente, margine subintegro aut interdum leviter crenulato, vulgo leviter incurvo, eciliato, excipulo extus laevigato. Sporae 8:nae, distichae, ellipsoideae
107 339
aut rarius oblongae, long. 0,014—0,020, crass. 0,007—0,010 mm., apicibus rotundatis, membrana mediocri aut sat tenui. Hymenium jodo passim caerulescens, dein decoloratum, ascis persistenter caerulescentibus. Pycno- conidia fusiformi-acicularia, alterum apicem versus crassiora, apicibus acutis, long.. 0,007—-0,005, crass. 0,0007 mm. MHabitu fere sicut. P. mu- tata Wain., Etud. Lich. Brés. I, p. 39, Lich. Bras. Exs., no. 539, at reactione ab ea differens et thallo subtus late nudo; revera ad Amphi- gymnias pertinet, at, apicibus et marginibus thalli haud aut parum di- stincte adscendentibus instructa, ad Hypotrachynas tangit.
Ad corticem arboris in limite silvae prope Stationem navalem in insula Koh Chang (no. XXX).
7. P. (sect. Hypotrachyna *Sublinearis) addenda Wain., 1. c. p. 169.
Thallus superne albidus aut glaucescenti-albidus, subtus nigricans et ambitum versus pallidus, adpressus, dichotome laciniatus, laciniis 2—0,3 mm. latis, planis, lacinulatis, laciniis lacinulisque conniventibus axillisque ro- tundatis aut axillis Jacinularum apicalium rotundato-patentibus, apicibus vulgo subtruncatis, esorediatus, lamina crebre isidiosa, isidiis’ tenuissimis, teretibus, concoloribus, ceterum laevigatus, subtus rhizinis brevibus (circ. 0,2 mm, longis), nigris, crebris fere usque ad apicem laciniarum instructus, KHO superne lutescens, intus non reagens, CaCl,Q, non reagens. Habitu similis P. coronatae Fée var. isidiosae Mill. Arg. (Wain., Etud. Lich. Brés. I, p. 60), at isidiis unicoloribus, teretibus, tenuioribus, supra lami- nam thalli sparsis ab ea differens et tantum sterilis - visa. P. deformis Wain. (P. tropica v. deformis Wain., Lich. Antill., 1896, p. 3) item huic, nec P. tiliaceae affinis, isidiis parcissimis increbrisque.et habitu paululum ad P. sublaevigatam vergente a P. addenda distinguitur.
Ad corticem Arecae catechu prope Stationem navalem Lem Dan in insula Koh Chang (no. X et XXII).
8. P. (sect. Xanthoparmelia) ecoronata Nyl., Lich. Andam. (1874), p. 5. P. relicina *P. ecoronata Nyl. in Hue, Lich. Exot. (1892), p. 79, no. 681. P. relicina var. ecoronata Mill. Arg., Lich. Beitr. XXXV (FI. 1891), no. 1652.
Thallus superne flavescens, subtus pallidus, intus albus, adpressus, erebre iteratim dichotome laciniatus, laciniis circ. 1,5—0,5 mm. latis, planis, laciniis lacinulisque conniventibus axillisque rotundatis aut axillis lacinularum apicalium rotundato-patentibus, apicibus vulgo subtruncatis, esorediatus, isidiis destitutus, subtus rhizinis mediocribus brevibusve (circ. 0,5 mm. longis aut paullo longioribus), fuscescentibus, crebris, fere usque ad apicem laciniarum instructus aut ad apices initiis papillaeformibus rhizinarum obductus, KHO superne parum reagens aut leviter lutescens, intus leviter diluteque lutescens, GaC],0, non reagens, at KHO (CaCl,0,) intus rubescens. Apothecia parva, circ. 1,5—1 mm. lata, peltata, sessilia, disco rufo, plano aut concaviusculo, margine leviter crenato (in no. Il etiam conceptaculis nigris coronato). Excipulum subtus flavescens, laevi- gatum, rhizinis destitutum. Hymenium circ. 0,070—0,065 mm. crassum. Asci clavati. Sporae 8: nae, distichae, ellipsoideae (aut subgloboso-ellip- soideae), long. 0,006—-0,007 mm., crass. 0,004 mm. In specimine originali
Q2*
340 108
in herb, Nyl. reactio omnino similis observatur, et thallus superne flavescens, subtus pallidus, rhizinis concoloribus aut obscuratis, sporae ,long. 0,006 —0,007, crass. 0,00{1—0,005 mm.*, pycnoconidia ,cylindrica, recta, long. 0,007 —0,010, crass. 0,0005—0,0006 mm.* (ex Nyl. in sched.). A P. reli- cina Fr. (Wain., Etud. Lich. Brés. I, p. 65) variis notis differt et auto- noma est species.
Ad corticem arborum in silva prope cataractam in Koh Chang (no. II et XVI).
Area: In insulis Sinus Bengalensis provenit.
Trib. 2. Lecanoreae. 1. Lecanora (Ach.) Wain.
9. L. subfusca (L.) Ach.
Var. chlarona Ach., Syn. Lich. (1814), p. 158; Norrl. et Nyl., Herb. Lich. Fenn., no. 133b; Wain., Adj. Lich. Lapp. I (1881), p. 157.
Thallus verruculoso-inaequalis, sat tenuis, glaucescenti-albidus, KHO lutescens, CaCl,O, non reagens. Apothecia mediocria aut sat parva, circ. 0,8—0,6 mm. lata, disco testaceo aut testaceo-pallido, opaco, nudo, margine tenui, subintegro aut leviter verruculoso-crenulato, discum vulgo aequante.
Ad corticem arborum frondosarum prope Lem Ngob (no. IX, XXXII),
ad corticem Arecae catechu prope Stationem navalem in insula Koh Chang (no. XVII).
Area: Fere cosmopolitica et praesertim in zonis temperatis distributa.
10. L. subgranulata Nyl. apud Cromb., Lich. Ins. Rodrigu. (Journ. of Bot., 1877), p. 439; Hue, Lich. Exot. (1892), p. 145. DL. subfusca var. subgranulata Nyl., Lich. Nov.-Gran. Addit. (1867), p. 542 (secund. specim. orig. no. 27301 in herb. Nyl.), Syn. Lich. Nov. Cal. (1868), p. 26; Stizenb., De Lec. subf. (Bot. Zeit. 1868), p. 9.
Ad corticem Arecae catechu prope Stationem navalem Lem Dan in insula Koh Chang (no. X).
Area: In zonis calidioribus provenit.
11. L. einereocarnea (Eschw.) Wain., Etud. Lich. Brés. I (1891), p. 80. L. chlaroterodes Nyl., Fl. 1876, p. 508, pr. p. (huc pertinet Wr. L. Cub., ser. II, no. 64, no. 27322 in herb. Nyl., ad quem descriptio a Nyl. data spectat, at no. 49 et 67a ad variationes male evolutas L. sub- fuscae pertinent). L.achroa Nyl. in Cromb., Lich. Ins. Rodrigu. (1877), p. 439 (secund. specim. orig. in herb. Nyl.).
Ad corticem Ehizophorae et aliorum arborum frondosarum prope
Lem Ngob (no. XIV, XXXII), ad corticem Arecae catechu prope Stationem navalem Lem Dan in insula Koh Chang (no. X, XVII, XXI).
Area: In zonis calidioribus obvia.
109 341
12. *L. monodorae Wain. (Lich. Welw., 1901, p. 403).
Ad corticem Arecae catechu prope Stationem navalem Lem Dan in insula Koh Chang (no. X).
Ad hance subspeciem forsan pertinet LZ. achroella Nyl. in Cromb. Lich. Rodrigu. (1877), p. 439, at specimen orig. malum in herb. Nyl. vix certe determinari potest. Pycnoconidiis ,arcuatis, long. 0,015—0,018, crass. 0,0005 mm.‘ descripta est.
Area: In zonis calidis Asiae et Africae obvenit.
Trib. 3. Pertusarieae. 1. Pertusaria DC.
13. P. (Lecanorastrum) Bengalensis Wain., Lich. Nov. Rar. IV (Hed- wigia 1907), p. 169.
Thallus sat tenuis, continuus aut demum rimosus, leviter verruculoso- inaequalis, glaucescens, nitidiusculus, neque KHO, nec CaCl,O, reagens (neque superne, nec intus), KHO (CaCl,0,) intus (zona gonidialis et pars superior medullae) intense violascens, superne minus distincte viola- scens, medulla jodo caerulescens. Pseudostromata 0,7—0,5 (—1) mmi. lata, elevata, subcylindrica aut vulgo demum basi plus minusve constricta, crebra, apice demum albo, parce soredioso, apothecium unum continentia aut rarius 2—4 confluentia. Discus neque KHO, nec CaCl,0, reagens, KHO (CaCl,0,) intense violascens. Sporae haud evolutae. Paraphyses ramoso-connexae. Gonidia cystococcacea. Affinis est P. subvaginatae Nyl., Fl. 1864, p. 619, 1866, p. 290 (Wain., Etud. Lich. Brés. I, p. 107), at reactione thalli ab ea differens. In specimine orig. P. subvaginatae in herb. Nyl. (no. 23508, coll. Lindig. no. 2658) medulla jodo -passim parce caerulescens.
Ad corticem arboris prope Klong Sarlakpet in Koh Chang (no. I).
14. P. (Porophora) sphaerulifera Wain., 1. c.
Thallus sat tenuis, continuus, leviter inaequalis aut sat laevigatus, glaucescens, nitidus, CaCl,0, neque superne, nec intus reagens, KHO haud distincte reagens (aut intus demum dilutissime roseus), medulla jodo non reagente, esorediatus, isidiis destitutus. Pseudostromata globosa, diam. 0,5—0,7 mm., basi constricta, albida, opaca, GaCl,0, non reagentia, KHO intus violascentia, extus dilute violascentia, nucleo haud evoluto. P. thelocarpoidem Nyl., Prodr. F]. Nov.-Gran. Addit., p. 546, in memoriam revocans.
Ad rupem in silva prope cataractam in Koh Chang (no. XIII.
15. P. pustulata (Ach.) Nyl., Enum. Gén. Lich. (1857), p. 116, Prodr. Lich. Gall. (1857), p. 194, Lich. Scand. (1861), p. 181, Lich. Jap. (1890), p. 51, Lich. Paris (1896), p. 72; Th. Fr., Lich. Scand. (1871), p. 313; Flag., Fl. Lich. Fr.-Comté (1886), p. 322; Oliv., Rev. Bot. (1890), p. 18; Harm., Cat. Lich. Lorr. (1894), p. 324; Darb., Deutsch. Pert. (Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 1897), p. 604 (Mull. Arg., Lich. Beitr.,
342 110
1884, no. 724, saltem pr. p. hue non pertinet). -Porina pustulata Ach., Lich. Univ. (1810), p. 309, Syn. Lich. (1814), p. 110.
Thallus laeviter verruculoso-inaequalis sublaevigatusque aut inter pseudostromata rugoso-inaequalis, nitidulus, glaucescenti-albidus aut stra- mineo-glaucescens, KHO superne leviter lutescens, intus distincte lutescens, CaCl,O, non reagens, KHO (CaCl,0,) intus rubescens, extus haud reagens (in no. XXI) aut rubescens (in no. XL). Pseudostromata 0,5—0,8 (raro —1,5) mm. lata, depresso-subglobosa, basi vulgo demum_ plus minusve constricta aut abrupta, apice applanato aut demum parum im- presso, disco nigro, punctiformi aut raro demum irregulariter dilatato, discum aequante aut raro impresso, apothecia solitaria aut 2—3 (—6) continentia, intus alba, KHO extus leviter. lutescentia, intus lutescentia et demum rubescentia (in no. XL) vel aurantiaca (in no. XXI), CaCl,O, non reagentia. Paraphyses increbre ramoso-connexae. ‘ Asci subcylindrici. Sporae binae, oblongae, long. 0,064—0,106, crass. 0,024—0,055 mm. In sporis bene evolutis membrana bene incrassata; in KHO visis strati di- stincti, laevigati et stratum exterius interiore cire. duplo crassius. Sporae et asci jodo persistenter caerulescunt.
In Porina pustulata Ach. secund. specimen orig., no. 86, a Dufour lectum, in herb. Ach, pseudostromata KHO intus intense lutescentia, dein distincte aurantiaco-rubescentia; in no. 59, item in Gallia lecto, in herb. Ach. pseudostromata intus intense Jutescentia, demum intense aurantiaco- fulvescentia, non autem rubentia. In specimine autentico Pert. melaleucae Dub., Bot. Gall. If (1830), p. 673 (no, 23414 in herb. Nyl.) pseudostro- mata KHO intus demum intense fulvescentia, nec rubescentia.
Ad corticem Arecae catechu prope Stationem navalem in insula Koh Chang (n. XXJ, XL, fig. 10).
Area: In zonis temperatis et calidis crescit.
16. P. subnegans Wain., Lich. Nov. Rar. IV (Hedwigia 1907), p. 170.
Thallus glaucescenti-albidus, tenuis, verruculoso-inaequalis, neque extus, nec intus KHO, CaCl,0,, KHO (CaCl,0,) reagens. Pseudostro- mata 0,5—1 mm. lata, hemisphaerica, basi abrupta, haud constricta, vertice vulgo convexo, thallo concoloria aut partim stramineo-glaucescentia, KHO extus leviter flavescentia aut non reagentia, intus non reagentia, CaCl,O, non reagentia, KHO (CaCl,O,) non reagentia, apothecia 12 (—4) continentia, discis punctiformibus, nigricantibus aut. obscuratis, KHO non reagentibus, pseudostroma aequantibus aut demum vulgo in verrucula ostiolari leviter prominente ceracea vel ceraceo-nigricante sitis. Sporae binae, oblongae aut ellipsoideae, long. 0,070—0,090, crass. 0,028—0,040:mm., membrana incrassata, stratis laevigatis, crassitudine sat aequalibus aut strato exteriore duplo crassiore.
In specimine orig. P. subpustulatae Nyl., Lich. Guin. (1889), p. 52, Lich. Jap. (1890), p. 51, thallus est laevigatus et pseudostromata KHO intus lutescentia. In P. Wélmsii Stizenb., Lich. Afr., p. 140, secund. specim. orig., no. 25453, in herb. Nyl. thallus verruculoso-rugulosus, discus cinereo-nigricans, pseudostromata KHO intus lutescentia: In P. diffidente Nyl., Lich. Jap., p. 52, et in P. denotanda Nyl., 1. ¢. p. 58, pseudostromata KHO intus lutescentia, et in P. exulbescente Nyl., Fl; 1881,
111 343.
p. 450, pseudostromata KHO intus leviter lutescentia (ex spec. orig. no. 23456 in herb. Nyl.). Hae omnes plantae nostrae habitu subsimiles sunt, at reactionibus ab ea differunt.
Ad corticem Arecae catechu prope Stationem navalem Lem Dan in insula Koh Chang (no. X).
Trib. 4. Theloschisteae. i. Theloschistes (Norm.) Th. Fr.
17. Th. flavicans (Sw.) Mill. Arg., Lich. Beitr. (FI. 1885), no. 932.
F. glabra Wain., Etud. Lich. Brés. I (1890), p. 114.
Ad corticem Rhizophorae conjugatae prope Lem Ngob (no. XXXII, XXXIV). Ster.
Area: In America, Oceania, Asia tropica, Africa et in Europa occidentali Th, flavicans provenit.
2. Placodium (DC.) Tul.
18. PI. (subg. Blastenia) testaceorufum Wain., Lich. Nov. Rar. IV. (Hedwigia 1907), p. 170.
Thallus crustaceus, effusus, tenuis, verrucoso vel verruculoso-areolatus inaequalisve, areolis 0,3—0,1 mm. latis, majoribus parum elevatis, minoribus verruculaeformibus, contiguis aut thallus sat continuus aut areolis passim parce dispersis, glaucescenti-albidus aut stramineo-glaucescens, sat opacus, neque KHO, nec CaCl,0,, nec KHO (CaCl,0,) reagens, hypothallo nigricante limitatus. Apothecia sat crebra, 0,5—0,3 mm. lata, demum convexa aut rarius persistenter planiuscula, adpressa, disco rufo aut rarius rufo-pallescente, raro fusco, opaco, margine proprio, disco .vulgo pallidiore aut subconcolore, tenui, subintegro, persistente aut demum excluso. Hypo- thecium albidum. Epithecium in lamina tenui rufescenti-pallidum, KHO non reagens. Sporae 8:nae, orculaeformes aut ellipsoideae oblongaeve, apicibus rotundatis, distichae, decolores, placodiomorphae, septo bene incrassato, poro instructo, long. 0,015—-0,012, crass. 0,006—0,007 mm.
Gonidia ad Cystococcum humicolam pertinentia, diam. circ. 0,010—0,008 mm., simplicia, membrana sat tenui. Apothecia strato gonidioso imposita. Perithecium ex cellulis minutis rotundatis aut ellipsoideis sat leptoderma- ticis formatum, in lamina tenui pallidum aut albidum. Paraphyses tenues, apice clavatae aut parum incrassatae. Hymenium circ. 0,080—0,120 mm. crassum, jodo intense persistenter caerulescens. Affine Pl. diplacio (Ach.) Wain., Lich. Antill. (Journ. of Bot. 1896), p. 7 (68). Ad subg. Bila- steniam etiam pertinent Lecidea endochromoides Nyl., Lich. Nov. Zel. (1888), p. 89, L. iodomma Nyl., |. c., et LD. coaddita Nyl., Lich. Jap., :p. 66.
Ad corticem Rhizophorae prope Lem Ngob (no. XIV).
Trib. 5. Buellieae. 1. Physcia (Schreb.) Wain. Sect. 1. Euphyseia Th. Fr. 19. Ph. erispa (Pers.) Nyl., Syn. Lich. (1858 —60), p. 143 (pr. p.). Var. mollescens (Nyl.) Wain., Etud. Lich. Brés. (1891), p. 144. Ph. mollescens Nyl. in Jard., Ess. Hist. Nat. Mendana (1857), p. 301.
344 112
Thallus KHO superne et intus lutescens, primum tantum margine sorediosus, in partibus vetustis demum simul etiam centro sorediosus, subtus albidus, rhizinis albidis. Ster.
Ad corticem arboris prope Lem Ngob (no. IX, XXXII).
Area: Var. mollescens in insulis tropicis Americae, Africae et Asiae lecta est.
Sect. 2. Hypomelaena (Trev.) Wain.
Dimelaena sect. Ul. Hypomelaena Trev., Sul Gen. Dimel. (Atti Soc. Ital. Se. Nat. Xi, 1868), p. 20. Pyaxine *Dirinaria Tuck., Syn. North Am. (1882), p. 78.
20. Ph. picta (Sw.) Nyl., Syn. Lich. (1858—60), p. 430 (pr. p.); Wain., Etud. Lich. Brés. I (1890), p. 150.
Ad corticem arborum prope Lem Ngob (IX, XXXII). Ad corticem Arecae catechu prope Stationem navalem in insula Koh Chang (XVII, XXI, XL, fig. 2,15). In rupe eruptione formata in insula Koh Lom in viciniis insulae Koh Chang (no. XXXI). Fert.
Area: In zonis tropicis et in partibus calidioribus zonarum temperatarum crescit.
2. Pyxine Fr.
21. P. Schmidtii Wain., Lich. Nov. Rar. IV (Hedwigia 1907), p. 170.
Thallus albus aut albidus, laevigatus, esvrediatus, isidiis destitutus, intus albus, KHO superne et intus lutescens, irregulariter laciniatus, laciniis circ. 1—0,4 mm. latis, irregulariter multifidis, contiguis et inter se sub- continuis, applanatis aut sumino apice saepe concaviusculis. Apothecia 1—0,5 mm. lata, lecideina, extus tota nigra, disco nigro, nudo. Sporae 1-septatae.
Thallus opacus, pruina destitutus, adpressus, subtus nigricans, rhizinis nigricantibus, KHO intus reactionem luteam solam praebens, at oxidatione aut alia mutatione chemica postea fusco-rubescens. Apothecia omnino gonidiis destituta. Excipulum strato corticali fusco-fuligineo, tenui, KHO prope hymenium rubescente, ceterum non reagente, strato medullari stramineo, KHO non reagente. Hypothecium fuscescens, KHO non reagens. Hymenium circ. 0,070 mm. crassum, jodo persistenter caerulescens. Epi- thecium aeruginoso-fuligineum, KHO pulchre violascens. Paraphyses gra- ciles, simplices, apicibus incrassatis, arcte cohaerentes. Sporae 8: nae, distichae, fuscescentes, ellipsoideae, haud constrictae, apicibus obtusis aut rotundatis, in apicibus membrana crassiore, long. 0,016—0,014, crass. 0,007 —0,006 mm.
Ad truncos arborum in silva prope Stationem navalem in insula Koh Chang (no. XXV).
22. . retirugella Nyl., Lich. Exot. (1859), p. 240, Enum. Lich. Antill. (1869), p. 10, Syn. Lich. Hl (1888), p. 3; Wain., Etud. Lich. Brés. I (1890), p. 155; Malme, Gatt. Pyx. (Bih. K. Sv. Vet.-Ak. Handl. 93 Ill, 1897), p. 33.
118 345
Var. laevior Wain.
Thallus leviter foveolatus neque reticulato-rugosus, aut parcis- sime et parum distincte reticulato-rugosus, margine demum sat parce granulato-sorediosus, KHO superne flavescens, zona gonidiali KHO lutescente et demum rubescente. Medulla alba; pars inferior medullae KHO non reagens.
In specimine orig. P. retirugellae Nyl. e Nukahiva a Jardin lecto in herb, Nyl., sicut etiam in speciminibus e Taiti et Nova Caledonia a Ny). postea citatis, thallus bene reticulato-rugosus, margine parce granulato- sorediosus. Ad var. sorediigeram Miill. Arg., Anal. Lich. Austral. (1896), p. 91, secundum descriptionem a Mill. datam pertinent. Wain. Lich, Bras. Exs., no. 1178 et 1263, sorediis destituti, ad var. denudatam Wain. pertinent.
Ad corticem arborum prope Lem Ngob (no. IX, XXXII). Ster.
Area: Haec species in zonis tropicis obvenit.
23. P. Asiatiea Wain., Lich. Nov. Rar. [V (Hedwigia 1907), p. 171.
Thallus glaucescens aut albido-glaucescens, levissime reticulato-rugo- sus, isidiis destitutus, soraliis rotundatis, circ. 0,6—0,3 mm. latis, albidis vel cinereo-glaucescentibus supra laminam thalli in partibus vetustioribus inspersus, intus albus, KHO superne et intus lutescens, iteratim dichotome vel irregulariter laciniatus, laciniis circ. 1—0,4 mm. Jatis, irregulariter multifidis, contiguis, applanatis aut summo apice saepe concavo.
Thallus nitidiusculus, pruina destitutus, adpressus, subtus nigricans, rhizinis nigricantibus. Rugae striis albidis indicatae. Sorediis Physciam pictam in memoriam revocans, at ceterum variationibus laevioribus Pyz. retirugellae similis. Ster.
Ad corticem Arecae catechu prope Stationem navalem in insula Koh Chang (no. X, XXI).
3. Buellia De Not.
24. Wt. pleiophoroides (Nyl.) Wain. Lecidea pleiophoroides Nyl., Lich. Jap. (1890), p. 81.
Var. meiospermoides Wain.
Thallus crustaceus, uniformis, sat tenuis aut crassitudine me- diocris (circ. 0,2 mm. crassus), albidus, KHO lutescens, CaCl,O, non reagens, KHO (CaCl,O,) non reagens, verruculoso-inaequalis, rimulosus, hypothallo nigricante limitatus. Apothecia mediocria, 1,5—0,7 mm. lata, adpressa, disco plano, nigro, nudo aut pr. p. tenuissime et parum distincte cinereo-pruinoso, margine sat tenui, nigro, nudo, discum vulgo leviter superante. Hypothecium fuscum. Hymenium circ. 0,080 mm. crassum, haud oleosum, jodo intense persistenter caerulescens. Epithecium fuscum, Sporae 8:nae— 16:nae, ellipsoideae aut oblongae, fuscae, membrana aequaliter parum incrassata, 1-septatae, septo tenui, haud constrictae, long. 0,010 —0,015, crass. 0,005—0,007 mm.
346 114
Apothecia saepe ambitu flexuoso irregulariaque, haud raro demum e vetustis apotheciis prolifera et tune aggregata. Paraphyses sat laxe cohaerentes, 0,001—0,0015 mm. crassae, apice leviter incrassatae. Sporae apicibus obtusis aut rotundatis. Habitu Lecanactidibus similis. Buellia pleiophoroides (Nyl.) sporis partim majoribus, long. vulgo 0,023—0,015, rarius 0,011 mm., crassit. 0,007—0,005 mm., medio vulgo leviter con- strictis, membrana aequaliter parum incrassata, septo tenui, hymenio 0,080 mm. crasso, bene oleoso, paraphysibus laxius cohaerentibus, crassioribus, crassit. vix 0,002 mm., thallo tenui, parum inaequali a var. meiospermoide differt, at secund. specimen orig. (no. 10435 in herb. Nyl.) habitu apo- theciorum insigni modo plantae nostrae similis, quare hae sine dubio ad eandem speciem pertinent.
Ad corticem Arecae catechu prope Stationem navalem in insula Koh Chang (no. X).
Area: B. pletophoroides etiam in Japonia lecta est.
25. B. blastenioides Wain., Lich. Nov. Rar. IV (Hedwigia 1907), p. 171.
Thallus crustaceus, uniformis, tenuis, sordide cinerascens aut cinereo- glaucescens, neque KHO, nec CaCl,0,, nec KHO (CaCl,O,) reagens, leviter verruculoso-inaequalis aut sat laevigatus, subcontinuus aut crebre rimulosus, hypothallo nigricante limitatus. Apothecia parva, latit.0,3—0,4 mm., adpressa, disco plano aut rarius demum convexiusculo, nigro, nudo, mar- gine tenui, persistente aut demum excluso, nigro, nudo. Hypothecium fuscum. Hymenium circ. 0,070—0,080 mm. crassum, haud -oleosum, jodo persistenter caerulescens. Epithecium fusco-fuligineum. Sporae 8 : nae, oblongae aut parcius ellipsoideae, fuscae, 1-septatae, placodiomorphae, septo plus minusve incrassato, haud constrictae, long. 0,011—0,016, crass. 0,0045—0,006 mm.
Apothecia margine integro. Paraphyses arcte cohaerentes, graciles, apice capitato-incrassatae, capite fuscofuligineo, KHO non reagente. Exci- pulum fuscofuligineum, KHO non reagens. Sporae distichae, apicibus obtusis aut rotundatis, membrana ad septa leviter incrassata, ceterum parum incrassata, septa ipsa vulgo magis incrassata, poro distincto in- structa. Hypothecium KHO non reagens.
Ad corticem Arecae catechu prope Stationem navalem in insula Koh Chang (no. X).
26. B. subdives Wain., 1. c.
Thallus crustaceus, uniformis, tenuis aut sat tenuis, albidus, KHO lutescens, CaCl,0, non reagens, verruculoso-inaequalis, verruculis crebris contiguisve, subcontinuus aut rimulosus, hypothallo indistincto. Apothecia parva, latit. 0,4—0,3 mm., adpressa, disco plano planiusculove, nigro, nudo, opaco, margine tenui, persistente, nigro, nudo. Hypothecium fusco- fuligineum. Hymenium circ, 0,060—0,110 mm. crassum, oleosum, jodo persistenter caerulescens. Epithecium fusco-fuligineum. Sporae 16 : nae, (— 12:nae), oblongae, fuscae, 1-septatae, septo tenui, membrana aequa- liter modice incrassata, haud constrictae, long. 0,010—0,017, crass. 0,004 —006 mm.
Apothecia margine integro. Excipulum fusco-fuligineum, KHO non reagens. Paraphyses sat arcte (in KHO sat laxe) cohaerentes, graciles,
115 347
apice clavato-vel capitato-incrassatae, capite fusco, KHO non reagente. Sporae distichae, apicibus obtusis aut rotundatis, septa poro haud instructa. Reactione thalli a B. polyspora (Willey) Wain., Etud. Lich. Brés. I, p. 171, differt et affinis est B. disciformi, at B. polyspora affinis est B. myrio- carpae et thallus ejus KHO non reagens. B. subnexa (Nyl., Lich. Jap., p. 77) habitu ei subsimilis est et item septo membranaque sporarum modice aequaliterque incrassatis instructa est (secund. specim. orig. no. 10651 in herb. Nyl.).
Ad corticem Arecae catechu. prope Stationem navalem in insula Koh Chang (no. XXI, XL, f. 4).
27. 5. stramineoatra Wain., Lich. Nov. Rar. IV (Hedwigia 1907), p. 172.
_ Thallus crustaceus, uniformis, sat tenuis, stramineus aut stramineo- glaucescens, KHO intensius flavescens, GaCl,O, rubescens, verrucuioso- maequalis aut e verruculis contiguis subdispersisve constans, hypothallo nigricante limitatus aut inter areolas thalli visibili. Apothecia parva. 0,3—0,25 mm. lata, adpressa, disco plano aut rarius convexiusculo, nigro, nudo, opaco, margine tenui, integro, nigro, persistente aut demum ex- cluso. Hypothecium fuscum. Hymenium circ. 0,060 mm. crassum, haud oleosum, jodo persistenter caerulescens. Epithecium fuscum. Sporae 16: nae, ellipsoideae vel oblongae, fuscae, membrana aequaliter modice incrassata, 1-septatae, septo tenui, haud constrictae, long. 0,014—0,007, crass. 0,005—0,006 mm.
Apothecia KHO non reagentia. Excipulum fusco-fuligineum. Para- physes graciles, arcte cohaerentes, apice capitato- vel clavato-incrassatae. Asci circ. 0,016 mm. crassi, apice membrana leviter incrassata. Sporae distichae, apicibys rotundatis, poro haud instructae in septo.
Ad corticem Arecae catechu prope Stationem navalem in insula Koh Chang (no. X, XXI).
Trib. 6. Collemeae. 1. Leptogidium Nyl.
28. L. Mooreii (Hepp) Nyl., Lich. Jap. (1890), p. 14, Lich. Pyr. Or. Obs. Nov. (1891), p. 72; Hue, Lich. Exot. (1892), p. 309, Lich. Extr.-Eur. (1901), p. 2. Leptogium Hepp in Journ. of Bot. (1865), p. 287; Leight., Lich. Great Brit., ed. 2 (1872), p. 27 (ed. 3, 1879, p. 13). Ephebe byssoides Carring. in Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinb. VII (1862), p. 411, tab. 10 f. 2 (teste Cromb., Lich. Brit. I, 1894, p. 36).
Thallus fruticulosus, altit. circ. 1—1,5 mm., teres aut subteres, iteratim dichotome aut parce trichotome ramosus, ramis (praesertim superioribus) crebris, circ. 0,100 mm. crassus, ramulis superioribus circ. 0,030 —0,040 (— 0,050) mm. crassis, papillis apicalibus circ. 0,020—-0,025 mm. crassis, caesio-cinerascens, partibus crassioribus cinereo-pallescentibus, ex hyphis irregulariter Jongitudinalibus, sat leptodermaticis, conglutinatis, formatus, cellulis elongatis, homoeomericus, at demum in partibus crassioribus me- dulla gonidiis destituta angusta irregularique instructus, etiam in superficie thalli hyphis consimilibus, longitudinalibus, conglutinatis, serie subsimplice
348 116
gonidia obducentibus, stratum corticale nullum distinctum formantibus. Gonidia coccocarpoidea (scytonemea), cellulis subglobosis aut compressis ellipsoideisve glaucescentibus in filamenta gyrosa brevia aut sat brevia concatenatis (heterocystis intercalaribus parce visis), vagina gelatinosa tenui induta, diam. circ. 0,012—0,010 mm.
Ab hac specie Leptogidium dendriscum Nyl. (Syn. Lich., p. 135, Lich. Jap., p. 14, Lich. Pyr. Or. Obs. Nov., p. 72, Wain., Etud. Lich. Brés. I, p. 220) ramulis crassioribus et colore et textura thalli differt. In specim. orig. L. dendvisci in mus. Paris. gonidia crassit. 0,006—0,005 mm.
Supra Graphidem fissurinoideam in rupe ad cataractam prope Klong Prao (no. XXIX) et supra muscos et alias plantas vetustas ad cataractam prope Lem Dan (no. XXIV) in insula Koh Chang. Ster.
Area: In Europa et Asia raro obvia.
2. Leptogium (Ach.) Gray.
29. I. caesium (Ach.) Wain., Etud. Lich. Brés. 1 (1890), p. 225. L. tremelloides var. caesium Hue, Lich. Extr.-Eur. I (1891), p. 12. LZ. tremelloides f. isidiosa Miill. Arg., Lich. Beitr. (1882), no. 374.
Thallus demum isidiosus. Ster. Ad truncum arboris in capite septentrionali insulae Koh Kong (no. XI).
Area: In zonis temperatis calidioribusque crescit.
3. Physma Mass.
30. Ph. plicatum (Pers.) Hue, Physm. (Bull. Soc. Linn. Norm. 5 sér. IX, 1905), p. 18. Collema plicatum Pers., Lich. in Gaudich. Bot. apud Freycinet Voy. Uran. Physc. (1826), p. 203. Physma pulvinatum Hue, Lich. Extra-Eur. (1898—1901), p. 9, no. 20, Lich. Jav. (Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenzory, 2 sér. II, 1901), p. 171.
Thallus humidus crassus aut sat crassus, irregulariter laciniatus, laciniis circ. 5—1 mm. latis, demum plus minusve confertis et passim confluentibus, margine subcrenulatis, verrucis 1,5—0,3 mm. latis, irregu- laribus et saepe demum tuberculato-inaequalibus, passim demum etiam crebre confertis et thallum omnino obtegentibus, phyllocladia Stereocauli denudati in memoriam revocantibus obsitus, rugis parum elevatis, acutis, ramosis flexuosisque, albidis praesertim ambitum versus et supra verrucas instructus, ceterum livido-virescens aut olivaceus, subtus vulgo concolor, rhizinis destitutus. Sporae 8:nae, simplices, decolores, exosporio in- crassato gelatinoso instructae, long. 0,014—0,016, crass. 0,006—0,008 mm.
Thallus superne et inferne strato corticali vero destitutus, at in superficie passim hyphis crebre reticulatim ramoso-connexis, paullo vel duplo crassioribus, leptodermaticis, cellulis partim brevibus, partim elongatis. Gonidia nostocacea, sat abundanter mucosa. Apothecia circ. 4—2 mm. lata, strato corticali destituta, margine thallode radiatim rugu- loso et verrucoso, thallo consimili, elevato et discum superante, margine proprio tenui passim distincto, ceterum amphithecio (margine thallode) obducto. Parathecium minute parenchymaticum, luminibus cellularum
117 349
rotundatis, membranis modice incrassatis. Perithecium basale membranis bene incrassatis, luminibus cellularum elongatis. Hymenium jodo persi- stenter caerulescens. Epithecium pallidum. Etiam in herb. Nyl. (no. 42369) adest specimen hujus speciei, in insulis Nicobar a Didrichsen lectum, nomine C. byrsini. In Ph. byrsino Mass. thallus superne et inferne ob- ductus strato ex hyphis formato crebre contextis, partim conglutinatis. crassioribus, quam in strato medullari, cellulis brevibus, rhizinis instructus ex hyphis aggregatis constantibus.
Ad truncos arborum in silva littorali in insula Koh Kahdat (no. XXH, V).
Area: In insulis tropicis Asiae crescit.
4. Lecidopyrenopsis Wain. 31. L. corticola Wain., Lich. Nov. Rar. IV (Hedwigia 1907), p. 172.
Thallus crustaceus, circ. 1—0,5 mm. crassus, effusus, areolatus, areolis circ. 2,5—1 mm. latis, difformibus, angulosis, contiguis, planis, opacis, fusco-fuligineis, e granulis subfruticulosis connatis constantibus. Apothecia biatorina, 0,25—0,15 mm. lata, disco plano, fusco, opaco, mar- gine tenui, pallido aut pallido-fuscescente, integro. Hymenium cire. 0,060 mm. crassum, jodo persistenter caerulescens. Epithecium fere decoloratum. Asci clavati. Sporae 8: nae, distichae, decolores, simplices, ellipsoideae aut oblongae, long. 0,013—0,008, crass. 0,005—-0,004 mm.
Genus Lecidopyrenopsis Wain. apotheciis lecideinis (biatorinis) a Pyrenopside differt. Thallus sub microscopio rubescens, KHO violascens. Gonidia gloeocapsoidea, similia iis Pyrenopsidis. — Perithecium in hac specie parenchymaticum, ex cellulis 0,008—0,004 mm. latis, sat lepto- dermaticis formatum. Paraphyses graciles (0,001 mm. crassae), partim apice paulum incrassatae, arcte cohaerentes, hydrate kalico separatae, partim simplices, saepe increbre ramosae, parcissime ramoso-connexae, maxima parte haud connexae. Asci clavati, membrana tenui. Habitu haec species *Lecideam humosam (Ehrh.) in memoriam revocat.
Ad truncos Palmarum (Cocos nucifera) prope Stationem navalem in Koh Chang (no. XXVIII).
Trib. 7. Lecideae. 1. Lecidea (Ach.) Wain.
32.1. (Catillaria) testaceolivens Wain., Lich. Nov. Kar. IV (Hedwigia 1907), p. 173.
Thallus crustaceus, tenuis, e granulis minutissimis dispersis aut par- cius contiguis albis albidisve constans, KHO non reagens, hypothallo in- distincto. Gonidia cystococcacea. Apothecia adpressa, 0,5—0,3 mm. lata, disco convexo aut convexiusculo, livido- aut cinereo-testaceo, nudo, mar- gine tenui, pallidiore, mox excluso. Hypothecium pallido-rufescens. Hy- menium totum electrino-pallidum, jodo caerulescens, dein sordide vinose rubens. Sporae 8: nae, decolores, bacillari-oblongae, rectae, apicibus ro- tundatis aut obtusis, 1-septatae aut pro parte simplices, long. 0,015—0,011, crass. 0,002 mm.
Apothecia interdum prolificationibus ex apotheciis vetustis enata,
350 118
colore sicut in speciminibus a Zw. lectis L. prasinae f. prasinizae Ny). Gonidia ad Cystococcum humicolam Naeg. pertinentia, simplicia, diam. 0,010—0,008 mm., membrana modice incrassata, haud gelatinosa. Para- physes simplices aut furcato-ramosae, haud connexae, membrana gelati- noso-incrassata. Asci clavati. Haec species potius DL. globulosae Floerk., quam Bacidiis, est affinis.
Ad truncos arborum in silva prope cataractam in insula Koh Chang (no. XXII).
33. L. (Catillaria) unicolor Wain., 1. c.
Thallus crustaceus, tenuis, subcontinuus, leviter verruculoso-inaequalis aut sat laevigatus, partim crebre rimulosus, albido-glaucescens, KHO lute- scens, CaCl,O, non reagens, KHO (CaCl,O,) lutescens, hypothallo in- distincto. Gonidia cystococcoidea. Apothecia adpressa, 0,5—0,7 mm. lata, disco plano, nigro aut fusco, nudo, margine nigro, crassitudine mediocri, demum saepe excluso. Excipulum basale albidum, KHO lutescens. Hy- pothecium albidum aut pallidum. Hymenium circ. 0,070 mm. crassum, jodo persistenter caerulescens. Epithecium dilute sordide violascens aut partim decoloratum, KHO non reagens. Sporae 8:nae, decolores, ellip- soideae aut ellipsoideo-oblongae, apicibus rotundatis, distichae, 1-septatae, halone nullo indutae, long. 0,014 —0,011, crass. 0,007—0,005 mm.
Apothecia gonidiis destituta. Excipulum in margine ex hyphis ra- diantibus pachydermaticis formatum, superne aut extus cyanescens, inferne aut intus violaceam, KHO dilute sordideque olivaceum aut vix reagens, basi albidum et KHO lutescens. Hypothecium guttulas oleosas abundanter continens. Asci clavati, membrana apice modice incrassata. Paraphyses arcte cohaerentes, simplices, sat tenues, apice clavato-incrassatae. Gonidia diam. cire. 0,008 mm. — A L. tricolore (With.) Nyl. sporis crassioribus et apotheciis unicoloribus differt, at ei affinis. A L. atropurpurea (Schaer.) Th. Fr. thallo et reactione jodetica hymenii ceterisque notis differt. Habitu vix differt a Buellia disciformi.
Ad corticem Arecae catechu prope Stationem navalem in insula Koh Chang (no. X).
Trib. 8. Gyalecteae.
1. Gyalecta (Ach.) Wain.
34. G. lutea (Dicks.) Tuck., Lich. Hawai. (1867), p. 227, Syn. North Am. (1872), p. 218; Wain., Lich. Brés. II (1890), p. 71. Bia- torinopsis lutea Mill. Arg., Lich. Beitr. (Fl. 1881), no. 254, Graph. Féean. (1887), p. 5.
Apothecia 0,3—0,4 mm. lata, disco pallido aut raro lutescenti-pallido, plano aut raro convexiusculo, margine tenui, integro aut verruculoso, albido aut raro pallido, discum haud superante. Perithecium in parte ex- teriore cellulis mediocribus. Hymenium circ. 0,040 mm. crassum, jodo dilute caerulescens, dein vinose rubens. Paraphyses apice leviter incrassatae. Sporae 8: nae, distichae, fusiformi-oblongae aut oblongae, apicibus obtusis aut rotundatis, 1-septatae, decolores, long. 0,007—0,008, crass. 0,002— 0,003 mm.
119 351
Ad corticem arborum prope Rangoon in Burma britannica (leg. Johs. Schmidt).
Area: In zonis calidioribus et temperatis provenit.
Trib. 9. Thelotremeae.
1. Thelotrema (Ach.) Eschw.
35. Th. (Leptotrema) arecae Wain., Lich. Nov. Rar. IV (Hedwigia 1907), p. 174.
Thallus sat tenuis aut crassitudine fere mediocris, continuus, leviter inaequalis, cinerascenti- vel cinereoglaucescenti-albicans, sat opacus aut nitidiusculus, KHO haud distincte reagens (olivaceus). Excipulum verrucam depresso-subglobosam, circ. 1 (0,7—1,2) mm. latam, basi constrictam formans, thallo concolor, vertice impresso, ostiolo 0,2—0,4 mm. lato, rotundato, margine ostiolari integro, tenui, thallo subconcolore aut demum anguste nigricante. Apothecia crebra aut increbra, disco livido-nigricante. Perithecium dimidiatum, fuligineum, columella centrali fuliginea, apice circ. 0,140 mm., basi 0,080 mm. crassa. Sporae singulae, demum sat leviter obscuratae, oblongae, murales, cellulis numerosissimis, membrana parietali crassitie mediocri, jodo violaceo-caerulescentes, long. 0,120—0,180, crass. 0,026—0,040 mm.
Perithecium basi deficiens. Hypothecium albidum aut sordidum. Hymenium circ. 0,220 mm. crassum, jodo haud reagens. LEpithecium de- coloratum, at passim granulis nigricantibus inspersum. Hypothallus in- distinctus. — Habitu simile est Thelotremati (Ocellulariae) cinchonarum (Fée) Wain.
Ad corticem <Arecae catechu in insula Koh Chang (no. XX)J).
36. Th. (Leptotrema) calathiforme Wain., 1. c.
Thallus tenuis aut sat tenuis, continuus, sat laevigatus, glaucescens vel glauco-virescens, nitidus, KHO non reagens. Excipulum verrucam cire. 1—0,5 (—0,3) mm. latam, circ. 0,3—0,5 mm. (aut minus) elevatam, basin versus sensim dilatatam aut sat abruptam formans, ostiolo demum sat lato (circ. 0,8—0,3 mm.), rotundato, margine ostiolari denticulato- crenato aut subintegro, sat tenui, simplice aut rarius duplice, albo. Apo- thecia sat crebra aut increbra, disco caesio-livido, pruinoso. Perithecium pallidum, integrum, KHO fulvo-fuscescens (margine et basi), columella centrali nulla. Sporae 8:nae, distichae, ellipsoideae vel fusiformi-ellip- soideae, apicibus obtusis aut rotundatis, leviter obscuratae, murales, cellulis haud valde numerosis, septis transversalibus circ. 5—7, jodo violaceo- caerulescentes, long. 0,022—0,024, crass. 0,009—0,011 mm.
Hypothecium albidum vel pallidum. Hymenium circ. 0,100 mm. crassum, jodo non reagens. Epithecium decoloratum aut pallidum, parce granulosum. Paraphyses simplices, tenues, apice vix incrassatae. — Th. (Brassiam) subcalvescens Nyl., Lich. Andam., p. 9, in memoriam revo- cans, at sporis obscuratis et margine apotheciorum magis elevato ab eo differens. Th. (Brassia) leucomelanum Nyl. thallo opaco et sporis de- coloribus a planta nostra differt.
352 420
Ad truncos arborum in silva prope cataractam in insula Koh Chang (no. XXIil).
37. Th. (Brassia) Asiaticum Wain., J. c. p. 175.
Thallus tenuis aut sat tenuis, continuus, crebre aut sparse verrucu- losus, ceterum sat laevigatus, glaucescens aut stramineo-glaucescens aut olivaceo-glaucescenti-variegatus, nitidus, KHO parum reagens (olivaceus). Excipulum verrucam circ. 0,7—0,3 mm. latam, depresso-hemisphaericam aut parum elevatam, basin versus sensim dilatatam formans, ostiolo circ. 0,1—0,4 mm. lato, rotundato, margine ostiolari tenui, integro, thallo sub- concolore aut magis albido. Apothecia sat crebra aut partim sparsa, disco livido-nigricante. Perithecium fuligineum, subintegrum, latere mediocre aut sat tenue, basi tenue, columella centrali fuliginea, crassitudine medi- ocri. Sporae 8: nae, distichae, ellipsoideae vel ellipsoideo-oblongae, apici- bus rotundatis, decolores, septis transversalibus 5—4, demum murales, cellulis paucis, jodo violaceo-caerulescentes, long. 0,014—0,017, crass. 0,006—0,007 mm.
Thallus linea hypothallina fusconigricante angusta limitatus. Hyme- nium circ. 0,090 mm. crassum, jodo non reagens. Epithecium decolo- ratum. Paraphyses simplices. Sporae halone nullo indutae, primum loculis lenticularibus instructae. — Huic habitu subsimilia sunt: Th. sub- conforme Nyl. in Cromb., Lich. East As. (Journ. of Bot. 1882), p. 53, apotheciis incoloribus et sporis paullo majoribus secund. descriptionem recedens (nu. 22587 in herb. Nyl.), et Th. concretum Fée (Th. myrio- carpoides Nyl., Lich. Nov.-Gran., p. 326), sporis majoribus et perithecio fulvo differens.
Ad corticem arboris in silva prope cataractam in insula Koh Chang (no. 40).
38. Th. (Ocellularia) Siamense Wain., 1. c.
Thallus tenuis aut sat tenuis, continuus, verruculis crebre instructus, sordide glaucescenti-albicans, opacus, KHO bene rubescens. Excipulum verrucam circ. 1—1,5 (—2) mm. latam, circ. 0.6 mm. altam, hemi- sphaericam, basin versus sensim dilatatam aut sat abruptam, plus minusve verruculoso-inaequalem formans, ostiolo circ. 0,1—-0,15 mm. lato, rotun- dato, margine ostiolari tenui, integro, thallo subconcolore aut magis albido. Apothecia sparsa, disco nigricante (circum columellam apice demum albidam, in ostiolo demum visibilem). Perithecium dimidiatum, latere fuligineum tenueque, basi deficiens, columella centrali fuliginea, crassa. Sporae binae aut paucae in ascis, decolores, fusiformes, pluriseptatae, jodo violaceo-caerulescentes, long. 0,030—0,110, crass. 0,012—0,014 mm.
Hymenium circ. 0,270 mm. crassum, jodo non reagens. Epithecium partim decoloratum, partim granulis obscuratis inspersum. Hypothecium decoloratum. Sporae 2:nae-——3:nae visae, septis 11—17, loculis lenti- cularibus, membrana sat tenui, halone nullo indutae. Paraphyses sim- plices. Columella fuliginea, apice strato albido obducta, basi sensim dila- tata, cire. 0,800 mm. lata, apice circ. 0,280 mm. crassa. — Th. dolicho- tatum Nyl., Sert. Lich. Lab. (1891), p. 19, huic valde affine videtur et habitu subsimile, at ascis monosporis ab eo differt et, secundum iconem
124 353
in sched. speciminis Nylanderiani, columella destitutum. Etiam in Nyl. Lich. Ceyl. (1900), p. 17, commemoratur, at specimina Ceylonensia haud omnino identica cum speciminibus Singaporensibus. In comparabili Th. porinoide Mont. (Nyl., Lich. Andam., p. 8, Lich. Ceyl., p. 17) perithecium est albidum.
Ad corticem arboris in silva prope flumen Klong Sarlakpet in insula Koh Chang (no. XXVI).
39. Th. (Ocellularia) microascidium Wain., 1. c. p. 176.
Thallus tenuis aut sat tenuis, continuus, leviter verruculoso-inaequalis, glaucescenti- vel stramineo-glaucescenti-albidus, leviter nitidus, KHO parum reagens (olivaceus). Excipulum verrucam cire. 0,5—0,4 mm. latam, de- presso-hemisphaericam, basin versus abruptam aut partim leviter constrictam, saepe plus minusve verrucoso-inaequalem, vertice applanato instructam formans, ostiolo circ. 0,1—0,3 mm. lato, rotundato, margine ostiolari tenui, integro, thallo concolore, haud aut interdum demum paululum ele- vato, interdum demum (praesertim in apotheciis morbosis) duplice et perithecium nigricantem ostendente. Apothecia sat crebra, disco livido- nigricante aut morboso plus minusve pruinoso. Amphithecium intus dilute roseum aut flavescens, KHO rubescens. Perithecium dimidiatum, latere fuligineum, basi deficiens, columella centrali fuliginea. Sporae 8: nae, distichae, oblongae aut fusiformi-oblongae, apicibus obtusis aut rotundatis, 3—5-septatae, decolores, jodo violaceo-caerulescentes, long. 0,017—-0,018, crass. 0,007 mm.
Thallus linea hypothallina fusconigricante limitatus. Hypothecium albidum, tenue. Hymenium circ. 0,080 mm. crassum, jodo non reagens. Epithecium decoloratum. Paraphyses simplices, apice parum incrassatae. Sporae halone nullo indutae, loculis lenticularibus. — Affine est Th. granulatulo Nyl. (Fl. 1876, p. 561), quod jam thallo magis verruculoso- inaequali ab eo differt. Habitu in memoriam revocans Th. (Leptotrema) Bahianum Ach. var. obturascens Nyl. (Lich. Nov.-Gran., 1863, p. 453, ed. 2 p. 332), in quo amphithecium intus item KHO rubescens, at thallus KHO dilute rubescens deindeque fuscescens.
Ad corticem arboris in capite septentrionali insulae Koh Kong (no. XI).
2. Gyrostomum Fr.
40. G, scyphuliferum (Ach.) Fr., Syst. Orb. Veg. (1825), p. 268; Wain., Etud. Lich. Brés. Il, p. 86.
Ad corticem Arecae catechu prope Stationem navalem Lem Dan in
insula Koh Chang (no. XVII, XXI).
Area: In regionibus calidioribus distributum.
Trib. 10. Lecanactideae.
1. Lecanactis (Eschw.) Wain.
41. I. deminuens (Nyl.) Wain. Lecidea premnea f. deminuens Nyl., Fl. 1867, p. 373 (conf. infra), Syn. Lich. Nov. Cal. (1868), p.54; Norrl., 93
354 192
Bidr. Syd. Tav. Fl. (1870), p. 191. Béiatora premnea Sommerf., Cent. Pl. Crypt. Norv. (1826), no. 238 (no. 19094 in herb. Nyl.).
Thallus tenuis aut sat tenuis, subcontinuus aut rimulosus, sat laevi- gatus, glaucescenti-cinereus, esorediatus, hypothallo nigricante partim limitatus. Apothecia solitaria, elevata, orbicularia, diam. 0,8—0,5 mm., adpressa, basi constricta, lecideina, margine crassitudine mediocri, leviter aut parum discum superante, subintegro aut paululum radiatim fisso, tereti- rotundato, nigro, nudo. Perithecium fuligineum, integrum. Discus apertus, planiusculus aut demum etiam convexiusculus, tenuiter flavescenti- vel aeruginoso-pruinosus aut denudatus. Sporae 8: nae, distichae, decolores, fusiformes, apicibus obtusis, 3-septatae, long. 0,015—0,016, crass. 0,005 mm.
Hymenium circ. 0,080—0,090 mm. crassum. Perithecium, hypothe- cium et epithecium fusco-fuligineum. Asci clavati, long. circ. 0,060, crass. 0,010 mm., membrana haud incrassata. Sporae halone nullo indutae. — Commixta cum Lecanactide premnea (Ach.) Wain. (Lecidea premnea Nyl., Lich. Scand., p. 241, Lich. Jap., p. 76, Lich. Paris, p. 94; Leight., Lich. Great Brit., 3 ed., p. 364), quae sporis 5- et 4-septatis majoribusque ab ea differt. Nomine ,Lecideae premneae* in herb. Ach. adest speci- men in Anglia ab Afzelio lectum, apotheciis nudis, margine radiatim diffracto instructis, ad Lecanactidem premneam pertinens, et alia specimina ad varias species pertinentia. ,Var. taxicola* Ach. (Lich. Univ., p. 670) apotheciis flavescenti-pruinosis et sporis 5-septatis instructa est (secund. herb. Ach.). Var. deminuens Nyl., Syn. Lich. Nov. Cal. (1868), p. 54, secund. specim. orig. in herb. Nyl. apotheciis nudis et sporis ,3-septatis, long. 0,016—0,018, crass. 0,0086—0,0045 mm.‘ instructa est, in Fl. 1867, p. 373, et in Norrl., 1. ¢., secund. specimen no. 10790 in herb. Ny). apothecia habet partim nuda, at nonnulla tenuiter flavido-pruinosa, ,sporas 3-septatas’. B. premnea Sommerf., |. c. no. 238, secundum specimen no. 19094 in herb. Nyl. apotheciis nudis, ,sporis long. 0,015—0,020, crass. 0,003—0,004 mm., 1—3-septatis* instructa est. Lecanactis chloro- conia Tuck., Obs. Lich. (Proceed. Am. Ac. of Arts and Scienc. 1864, vol. VI), p. 285 (L. premnea v. chloroconia Tuck., Gen. Lich., 1872, p- 194, Syn. North Am. II, 1888, p. 115; Lecidea chloroconia Nyl. & Cromb., On Collect. Lich. East As., 1882, p. 56, Nyl., Sert. Lich. Lab., 1891, p. 22), secundum specimen Nylanderianum in Malacca lectum apo- theciis bene flavido-pruinosis a L. deminuente (Nyl.) leviter differt.
Ad corticem <Arecae catechu prope Stationem navalem in insula Koh Chang (no. XVII).
Area: In Europa, Asia et Oceania observata, at distributione defecte cognita.
B. Hysterieae. Trib. 1. Graphideae. 1. Graphis (Adans.) Nyl.
Subg. I. Phaeographina (Miill.) Wain.
42. Gr. (sect. Epiloma) subrigida Nyl. in Cromb., On Collect. Lich. East As. (Journ. of Bot. 1882), p. 58; Hue, Lich. Exot. (1892), p. 236, 320. Lecanactis Nyl., Sert. Lich. Lab. (1891), p. 24.
1323 305
Thallus tenuis, epiphloeodes, leviter verruculoso-inaequalis, griseo- olivaceus aut minore parte sordide albicans, nitidiusculus, KHO parum reagens. Apothecia sat approximata, elevata, simplicia aut rarius parce ramosa, vulgo elongata, curvata aut recta, long. 6—1,5 (raro —0,5) mm., lat. 0,5—0,4 mm., basi constricta vel abrupta. Perithecium fuligineum, dimidiatum, basi deficiens, labiis conniventibus, clausis, latere vel parte inferiore amphithecio thallino obductis, superne denudatis, sulca una lon- gitudinali rimae approximata obsolete semel striatulis aut pro parte sat laevigatis. Discus rimaeformis, inconspicuus. Sporae solitariae, fusce- scentes, murales, long. circ. 0,070, crass. 0,024 mm.
Thallus linea hypothallina nigricante partim limitatus. Sporae ellip- soideo-oblongae, apicibus rotundatis, cellulis numerosissimis, halone nullo indutae, in speciminibus Nylanderianis ,long. 0,115—0,145, crass. 0,026— 0,030 mm.‘
Ad corticem Arecae catechu in insula Koh Chang (no. X).
Area: In regione tropica Asiae obvia.
43. Gr. (sect. Epiloma) heterocarpoides Nyl. in Cromb., On Collect. Lich. East As. (Journ. of Bot. 1882), p.57; Hue, Lich. Exot. (1892), p. 240.
Thallus tenuis aut sat tenuis, epiphloeodes, glaucescens vel pallido- glaucescens, sat laevigatus aut leviter verruculoso-inaequalis, nitidiusculus, KHO primum dilute rubescens, dein bene rubescens. Apothecia vulgo bene approximata, leviter elevata, semiimmersa, majore parte simplicia, at partim parce vel etiam bene ramosa, vulgo elongata, partim recta, partim curvata, long. circ. 183—1 (—0,5) mm., latit. 0,4—0,3 mm. Perithecium basi albidum, labiis majore parte superiore fuligineis, conniventibus, primum clausis, demum anguste hiantibus, amphithecio thallino latere obductis, superne denudatis nigrisque, haud striatis. Discus rimaeformis inconspi- cuusque aut demum angustus, canaliculato-concavus, nigricans, nudus. Sporae solitariae, obscuratae, murales, long. circ. 0,144—0,120, crass. 0,0830—0,028 mm.
Thallus hypothallo vix ullo distincto instructus. Amphithecium thalli- num demum hasi abrupta. Hymenium circ. 0,180 mm. crassum, modice oleosum, superne fuscescens vel pallidum. Sporae oblongae, apicibus ro- tundatis, cellulis numerosissinis, jodo intense violascentes, halone anguste indutae. Jodo hymenium dilute violascens, perithecium intense violascens, amphithecium thallinum et thallus distincte violascentes. — Gr. hetero- carpa Nyl., Lich. Nov.-Gran. (1863), p..465 (Nyl. & Cromb., On Collect. Lich. East As., 1882, p. 49, 57), Lich. Guin. (1889), p. 29, Lich. Jap. (1890), p. 114, Sert. Lich. Lab. (1891), p. 12, habitu sat similis, thallo KHO haud reagente describitur. Sic res se habet in speciminibus orig. in herb. Nyl. e Marianis et e Rangoon, at thallus KHO revera rubescens in speciminibus orig. e. Cayenne, e Malacca et e Labuan. Gr. inter- nigricans Nyl., Prodr. Lich. Nov.-Gran. Addit. (1867), p. 566, habitu sat similis, sporis 8:nis a Gr. heterocarpoide distinguitur. Gr. rudescens Nyl., Lich. Guin. (1889), p. 29, ei item habitu similis, sporis decoloribus, jodo caerulescentibus et perithecio fuligineo magis evoluto ab ea differt {secund. specim. orig.).
Ad corticem Arecae catechu prope Lem Dan (no. XVII, XXI, XL, fig. 8, 14).
Area: In regionibus tropicis Oceanie# et Asiae lecta est. 23*
356 194.
44. Gy. (sect. Lencogramma) chlorocarpoides Nyl., Fl. 1866, p. 133, Prodr. Fl. Nov.-Gran. Addit. (1867), p. 566, Enum. Lich. Husnot Antill. (1869), p. 21, Lich. Jap. (1890), p. 113, Sert. Lich. Lab. (1891), p. 11; Hue, Lich. Exot. (1892), p. 243, 321.
Thallus tenuis, epiphloeodes, pallido-glaueescens aut glaucescenti- albidus, sat laevigatus aut rarius leviter verruculoso-inaequalis, nitidiusculus aut rarius opacus, KHO leviter rubescens. Apothecia sat approximata, elevata, simplicia aut parce vel sat parce ramosa, vulgo elongata, saepe curvata flexuosave, long. 9—2 (—1) mm., lat. 0,6—0,4 mm. Perithe- cium albidum vel pallidum vel intus lutescens, integrum, basi tenue, labiis conniventibus, clausis, parte inferiore amphithecio thallino anguste obductis, ceterum denudatis, longitrorsum bene striatis, vulgo albido- pallidis vel subalbidis. Discus rimaeformis, inconspicuus. Sporae soli- tariae aut binae, pallido-fuscescentes, murales, long. 0,060—0,132, crass. 0,018—0,029 mm.
Thallus hypothallo vix ullo distincto aut albido. Perithecium laterale crassum, KHO fulvescens. Hymenium circ. 0,140 mm. crassum, oleosum, jodo haud reagens. Epithecium olivaceo-pallidum. Sporae oblongae, apicibus rotundatis, jodo violaceo-fuscescentes vel caeruleo-violascentes. — Affinis est Gr. chrysenterae Mont. (Wain., Etud. Lich. Brés. Il, p. 99), quae sporis typice 8:nis ab ea differt. Gr. chrysenterodes Nyl., Lich. Ceyl. (1900), p. 22 (Gr. chlorocarpa var. excellens Nyl., Enum. Lich. Husnot Antill., 1869, p. 21), sporis 2:nis—8:nis et thallo KHO non reagente a Gr. chlorocarpoide distinguitur, et secundum specimen no. 6895 in herb. Nyl. apotheciis haud striatis instructa est, at habitu ei subsimilis. ,Gr. excellens* Nyl., Lich. Jap. (1890), p. 112, Sert. Lich. Lab. (1891), p. 11, etiam apotheciis supra non striatulis descripta est. Gr. chlorocarpoides Nyl., Fl. 1866, p. 133, secundum descriptionem facie Gr. frumentariae et hymenio passim jodo dilute vinose rubente dignota [in specim. orig. no, 6898 ex Java in herb. Nyl. apothecia striata, thallus KHO fusco-rubescens, sporae ex annotatione Nylanderi ,2 (—3) : nae, incolores (demum fuscescentes raro visae), long. 0,055—0,110, crags. 0,020—0,035 mm.‘“], et ex Nyl. ipso, 1. ¢. et in Hue, Lich. Exot. (1892), p. 321, forsan specie non distinguenda a Gr. excellente, at habitu omnino identica cum planta nostra.
Ad corticem Arecae catechu et aliarum Palmarum (no. X, XVII, XL, fig. 13) ad Stationem navalem Lem Dan in insula Koh Chang.
Area: In insulis Asiae tropicae obvia.
45. Gr. (sect. Eleutheroloma) Sehmidtii Wain., Lich. Nov. Rar. IV (Hedwigia 1907), p. 176.
Thallus sat crassus (crassitudine circ. 0,4—0,3 mm.), sat laevigatus, continuus, substrato adnatus, sat opacus, cinereo-aut olivaceo-glaucescens, KHO superne vix distincte reagens, intus dilute rubescens, :intus jodo bene caerulescens. Apothecia vulgo sparsa, vulgo elongata, long. circ. 5—1 (—0,5) mm., fureata aut dendroideo-ramosa aut pro parte sim- plicia, vulgo curvata flexuosave, thallo immersa aut demum parum emer- gentia. Perithecium dimidiatum, basi pallidum, latere superne fusco-fuli-
195 357
gineum, inferne fusco-pallidum, apertum. Discus apertus, concavus, latit. circ. 0,25—0,15 mm., leviter aut parum immersus, fusco- vel livido-nigri- cans, subnudus, margine proprio cinereo-nigricante vel nigricante, tenui, discum leviter superante, extus strato thallino tenui plus minusve distincte obducto, thallum leviter superante aut fere aequante cinctus. Sporae 8:mnae, fuscescentes, septis transversalibus 3—5, demum submurales, long. 0,015—0,018, crass. 0,006—0,007 mm.
Perithecium superne modice incrassatum, etiam in basi maculis pallido-fuscescentibus indicatum. Hymenium circ. 0,090—0,120 mm. cras- sum, guttulas oleosas haud continens, jodo haud reagens. Epithecium subfuscum. Paraphyses simplices. Sporae subdistichae aut monostichae, oblongae, apicibus obtusis aut altero apice rotundato, diu 3-septatae locu- lisque lenticularibus, demum nonnullis loculis divisis et tunc murales septisque transversalibus 3—5, jodo parum reagentes. Habitu Gr. diver- sulam Nyl., Fl. 1886, p. 103, Lich. Jap., p. 113, in memoriam revo- cans (haec autem perithecio pallido a planta nostra differt). Gr. sub- diversa Nyl., Fl. 1886, p. 103, secund. Wright, Graph. Cub., no. 48, in herb. meo, thallo endophloeode et perithecio pallido a Gr. Schmidtii distinguitur. Etiam sporis differunt.
Ad rupem in silva prope Stationem navalem Lem Dan in insula Koh Chang (no. VI).
46. *Gr. (sect. Hleutheroloma) persimilis Wain. (n. subsp.).
Thallus crassus aut sat crassus (crassitudine circ. 1—0,5 mm.), sat laevigatus, continuus, substrato adnatus, sat opacus aut niti- diusculus, sordide albido-glaucescens, KHO superne et intus dilute rubescens, intus jodo bene caerulescens. Apothecia sparsa aut passim approximata, vulgo elongata, long. circ. 3—0,8 mm., furcata aut simplicia, vulgo flexuosa curvatave, thallo immersa. Perithe- cium fusco-fuligineum, integrum, tenue, apertum. Discus apertus, concavus, latit. circ. 0,2:—0,1 mm., bene immersus, nigricans, nudus, thallo labia perithecii omnino aut fere omnino obtegente marginata, margine vulgo thallum haud superante, passim circumscisso. Sporae 8:nae, fuscae, septis transversalibus 3—5, demum submurales, long. 0,014—0,017, crass. 0,007—0,009 mm.
Perithecium totum tenue, fusco-fuligineum, integrum. Hymenium circ. 0,090—0,100 mm. crassum, guttulas oleosas haud continens, jodo haud reagens. Epithecium dilute fuscescens. Sporae monostichae, ellip- soideae, apicibus rotundatis aut obtusis, diu 3-—5-septatae loculisque lenti- cularibus, demum nonnullis loculis in duas cellulas divisis et tunc mu- rales, juniores jodo leviter violaceo-fuscescentes. — In Gr. Schmidtii transire videtur et forsan ejus variatio.
Ad saxa et rupes in cataracta in insula Koh Chang (no. XII).
Subg. I. @raphina (Mill. Arg.) Wain.
47. Gr. (sect. Hololoma) Ruiziana (Fée) Mass., Mem. Lich. (1853), p. 111; Wain., Etud. Lich. Brés. Il (1890), p. 106.
Var. gracilior Mull. Arg., Lich. Beitr. (Fl. 1882), no. 468. Thallus tenuis, sat laevigatus aut passim leviter verruculoso-inaequalis,
358 196.
albidus aut glaucescens vel sordide albicans, sat opacus, KHO primum flavescens, dein rubescens. Apothecia vulgo sat approximata, vulgo ob- longa, long. 1,2—0,5, lat. 0,3—0,2 mm., simplicia, recta aut raro leviter curvata, elevata, basi abrupta aut leviter constricta. Perithecium fuligi- neum, integrum, elevatum, denudatum aut saepius basi anguste vel plus minusve late amphithecio thallino tenui obductum, labiis conniventibus, clausis aut demum anguste hiantibus, laevigatis. Discus rimaeformis, in- conspicuus. Sporae 8: nae, decolores, murales, long. 0,034—0,044, crass. 0,010 —0,014 mm.
Hymenium circ. 0,180—0,190 mm. crassum. Epithecium pallidum. Sporae fusiformes aut altero apice rotundato, altero apice sat acuto, halone fere nullo indutae, septis transversalibus 8—11, polystichae, jodo violaceo- caerulescentes. — Reactione thalli et apotheciis minoribus a Gr. Ruiziana differt et autonoma sit species (specimen orig. Miillerianum autem non vidi).
Ad corticem Rhizophorae prope Lem Ngob (no. XIV).
Area: Gr. Ruiziana praesertim in regionibus tropicis crescit.
48. Gr. (sect. Hemiloma) subintricata Krempelh., F1. 1876, p. 420. Gr. intricata Eschw. in Mart. Fl. Bras. I (1833), p. 79; Nyl., Lich. Nov.-Gran. Prodr. (1863), p. 472 et 495, ed. 2 (1863), p. 85, Addit. (1867), p. 567, Syn. Lich. Nov. Cal. (1868), p. 72. Graphina intricata Mill. Arg., Rev. Lich. Eschw. (Fl. 1888), p. 510. Haud Gr. intricata Fée, Ess. Crypt. Exot. (1824), p. 42, Miuill. Arg., Graph. Féean. (1887), p. 30 (Hue, Lich. Exot., 1892, p. 234). Haud Gr. subintricata Knight, Contr. Lich. New Wales (1882), p. 40 (Miill. Arg., Sert. Austral., 1895, p. 320), quae nominetur Gr. extricata Wain.
Thallus tenuis aut sat tenuis, sat laevigatus, albidus vel glaucescenti- albidus, sat opacus, KHO parum reagens. Apothecia vulgo sat approxi- mata, elongata, long. 7—1, lat. 0,25—0,15 mm., ramosa aut pr. p. sim- plicia, vulgo flexuosa curvatave. Perithecium fuligineum, demum dimidiatum, emergens aut demum elevatum et basi vel fere totum amphithecio thallino tenui obductum vel superne anguste denudatum vel totum pruinosum, labiis conniventibus, anguste hiantibus vel clausis, demum saepe sulco uno striatis, vulgo laevigatis, Discus rimaeformis, caesio-pruinosus, con- spicuus angustissimusque aut tantum linea caesio-pruinosa indicatus. Sporae 8:nae, decolores, murales, septis transversalibus 3—2, cellulis paucis, long. 0,011—0,012, crass. 0,006 mm., jodo parum reagentes.
Thallus linea hypothallina nigricante limitatus, KHO olivaceus [in Wrighti Graph. Cub., no. 9, passim demum dilute subrubescens]. Peri- thecium primum integrum et basi tenue, demum dimidiatum. Hymenium circ. 0,080 mm. crassum. Epithecium decoloratum. Paraphyses sim- plices. Sporae distichae, ellipsoideae, apicibus rotundatis, halone vix uilo indutae, jodo parum distincte violascentes. — Gr. intricata Eschw. se- cundum annotationes Nylanderi in specimine orig. in herb. Nyl. sporis long. 0,014—0,022, crass. 0,007—0,009 mm., I—, septis transversalibus 3—5, cellulis paucissimis, instructa est et habitu identica plantae nostrae.
127 359
Ad corticem arboris in capite septentrionali insulae Koh Kong (no. XI).
Area: In regionibus tropicis Americae, Oceaniae et Asiae crescit.
49. Gr. (sect. Hemiloma) simplex Wain., Lich. Nov. Rar. IV (Hed- wigia 1907), p. 177.
Thallus tenuis, sat laevigatus vel leviter verruculoso-inaequalis, albi- dus vel glaucescenti-albidus, sat opacus aut nitidiusculus, KHO primum leviter flavescens, dein rubescens. Apothecia sat approximata aut sparsa, vulgo elongata, long. 4—1, lat. 0,3—0,25 mm., simplicia, recta aut raro curvata, elevata, basi abrupta aut vulgo leviter constricta. Perithecium fuligineum, demum dimidiatum, elevatum, basi sat anguste amphithecio thallino tenui obductum, ceterum denudatum, labiis conniventibus, clausis, laevigatis. Discus rimaeformis, inconspicuus. Sporae 2: nae aut singulae, decolores, murales, long. 0,0838—0,050, crass. 0,018—0,014 mm.
Hymenium cire. 0,140 mm. crassum. Epithecium fuscescens. Peri- thecium primum integrum, basi tenue fuligineumque, demum distincte dimidiatum basique deficiens et hypothecium tune albidum, inferne tenuiter pallidum. Sporae oblongae, altero apice rotundato, altero obtuso, halone fere nullo obductae, septis transversalibus 9—12, cellulis sat numerosis, jodo violaceo-caerulescentes. — Gr. Ruizianae var. graciliori habitu sub- similis, at apotheciis longioribus, sporis haud 8: nis et perithecio demum dimidiato ab ea differens. Gr. adtenuans Nyl. in Cromb., On Collect. Lich. East As. (Journ. of Bot. 1882), p. 57, Nyl., Lich. Jap. (1890), p. 114, Sert. Lich. Lab. (1890), p. 12, apotheciis magis immersis et sporis 8: nis majoribusque a planta nostra differt.
Ad corticem Arecae catechu prope Stationem navalem Lem Dan in insula Koh Chang (no. X).
50. Gr. (sect. Hemiloma) consimilis Wain., 1. c.
Thallus tenuis, sat laevigatus, albidus aut albido-glaucescens, sat opacus, KHO non reagens aut leviter diluteque rubescens. Apothecia vulgo sat approximata, vulgo oblonga, long. 2—0,6, lat. 0,3—0,25 mm., sim- plicia, recta aut raro leviter curvata, elevata, basi abrupta aut leviter con- stricta. Perithecium fuligineum, dimidiatum aut primum integrum et demum dimidiatum, elevatum, basi anguste amphithecio thallino tenui ob- ductum, ceterum denudatum, labiis conniventibus, clausis, laevigatis. Discus rimaeformis, inconspicuus. Sporae 8: nae, decolores, murales, long. 0,028—0,040, crass. 0,010—0,011 mm.
Hymenium circ. 0,130 mm. ecrassum. Epithecium olivaceo-pallidum vel sordide pallidum vel fuscescens. Hypothecium pallidum. Sporae ob- longae aut fusiformi-oblongae, apicibus rotundatis aut altero apice obtuso, halone fere nullo indutae, septis transversalibus 8—10, jodo violaceo- caerulescentes. —~ Perithecio dimidiato et reactione thalli a Gr. Ruiziana var. graciliore Miill. Arg. differt, at habitu ei consimilis. Forsan ad eandem speciem pertinent.
Ad corticem Arecae catechu prope Stationem navalem Lem Dan in insula Koh Chang (no. XVII).
360 128
51. Gr. (sect. Thalloloma) concolor Nyl., Enum. Gén. Lich. (1857), p. 129, Lich. Ceyl. (1900), p. 22 (hb. Nyl., no. 6814). Ustalia Jung- huhnii Mont. et V. d. Bosch, Lich. Jav. (1856), p. 51 (no. 6813 et 6854 in herb. Nyl.); Mont., Syllog. Pl. Crypt. (1856), p. 352. Graphina Boschiana Mill. Arg., Lich. Beitr. (Fl. 1882), no. 470 (Lich. Exot. IIl, Hedwigia 1895, no. 138). Haud Gr. Junghuhnii Mont. et V. d. Bosch, Lich. Jav. (1856), p. 45; Mont. Syllog. (1856), p. 347 (secund. Mill. Arg., Lich. Beitr., no. 473).
Thallus tenuis aut sat tenuis, sat laevigatus, continuus aut rimulosus, albidus, opacus, KHO circa apothecia leviter flavescens, ceterum haud reagens. Apothecia vulgo plus minusve aggregata, vulgo elongata, partim ellipsoidea, long. circ. 7—0,5, latit. 0,5 —0,2 mm., radiato-vel dendroideo- ramosa vel varie ramosa aut subsimplicia, recta aut leviter flexuosa, thallo immersa. Perithecium tenue, albidum, labiis apertis. Discus apertus, planus, latit. 0,5—-0,2 mm., lividus vel caesio-cinerascens, pruinosus, mar- gine thallode saepe demum leviter elevato aut thallum haud superante, fissura circumscisso, albido cinctus. Sporae solitariae, decolores, murales, long. circ. 0,090—0,094, crass. 0,040—0,044 mm.
Thallus linea hypothallina angusta nigricante limitatus. Discus thallo leviter immersus aut vulgo thallum aequans. Hymenium circ. 0,120 mm. crassum, haud oleosum, jodo leviter caerulescens. Epithecium olivaceum aut fuscescens. Sporae ellipsoideae aut oblongae, apicibus rotundatis, cellulis numerosissimis, jodo caerulev-violascentes, halone fere nullo indutae.
Ad corticem Arecae catechu prope Stationem navalem Lem Dan in insula Koh Chang (no. X, XVII, XXJ, XL, fig. 12).
Area: In insulis tropicis Asiae lecta.
52. Gr. (sect. Thalloloma) fissurinoidea (Nyl.) Wain. Gr. reniformis var. fisswrinoidea Nyl., Enum. Gén. Lich. (1857), p. 129, Lich. Exot. (Ann. Sc. Nat., 4 sér., Bot. XI, 1859), p. 228 (no. 6940 in herb. Nyl.).
Thallus crassus aut sat crassus (circ. 1—0,2 mm.), sat laevigatus, albidus aut partim glaucescens, opacus, KHO neque superne, nec intus reagens aut dilutissime rubescens, jodo superne et intus intense caerule- scens, fragilis, inferne strato hypothallino tenui nigro crebre contexto totus obductus, demum substrato saltem passim laxe adhaerens. Apo- thecia saepe aggregata aut approximata, vulgo elongata, pro parte ellip- soidea, long. cire. 6B—0,5 mm., lat. vulgo 0,5—0,25 mm. [aut demum etiam latiora in Wright, Graph. Cub. no. 26], parce ramosa aut bene dendroideo-ramosa aut simplicia, plus minusve flexuosa aut recta, thallo immersa et demum plus minusve emergentia. Perithecium albidum. Discus apertus, planus aut primum concavus, latit. vulgo 0,s—0,1 mm., caesio-pallidus, pruinosus, margine thallode vulgo demum leviter elevato [aut rarius demum bene elevato: in Wright, Graph. Cub. no. 26], discum superante aut aequante, tenui [aut raro demum crasso: in Wright, Graph. Cub. no. 26], albo aut thallo concolore cinctus. Sporae solitariae, de- colores, murales, long. circ. 0,076—0,140, crass. 0,040—0,080 mm.
Apothecia KHO rubescentia, basi sensim dilatata aut abrupta; labia hiantia, amphithecio thallino tenui obducta. Hymenium circ. 0,200 mm.
129 361
crassum, haud oleosum, jodo superne dilute caerulescens. Paraphyses simplices ‘aut apice parce ramosae, ad latera hymenii parce ramoso-con- nexae. Kpithecium albidum. Sporae ellipsoideae, apicibus rotundatis, cellulis numerosissimis, jodo caeruleo-violascentes, halone nullo indutae. — Gr. reniformis Fée, Ess. Crypt. Ecorc. (1824), p. 46, secund. specim. orig. in herb. Nyl. (no. 6932) thallo adnato, KHO ferrugineo-rubescente, hypothallo indistincto instructa est (conf. Mill. Arg., Graph. Féean. p. 43), Wright, Graph. Cub. no. 23 et 26 (in herb. meo) et coll. Lindig no. 2894 (hb. Nyl. no. 6934, sub Gr. reniformi Ny]. in Lich. Nov.-Granat., 1863, p. 471) ad Gr. fissurinoideam. pertinent. Gr. hologlauca Nyl., Fl. 1866, p. 133, ex Java (hb. Nyl. no. 7636), thallo crasso et hypothallo indi- stincto ab ea differt, at in specimine a Glaziou in Brasilia collecto (hb. Nyl. no. 7842, a Nyl. ad eam ducto) thallus sicut in Gr. fissurinoidea (KHO non reagens). Diorygma tinctoria Eschw. in Mart. Fl. Bras. (1833), p. 67, secund. specim. orig. in herb. Nyl. (no. 6944) thallo passim laxe adhaerente, KHO rubescente, strato hypothallino nigro subtus obducto, apotheciis thallo immersis, immarginatis a Gr. reniformi et Gr. fissurinoidea differt (ex Miill. Arg., Fl. 1888, p. 508, est Gr. macrospora Krempelh., Fl. 1876, p. 380) et autonoma est species Graphidis.
In rupe ad cataractam fluminis Klong Prao in insula Koh Chang (no. XXIX).
Area: In regionibus tropicis Americae et Asiae lecta est.
Subg. Ill. Phaeographis (Mill. Arg.) Wain.
53. Gr. (sect. Platygramma) diversa Nyl., Lich. Exot. (1859), p. 227 pr. p. (conf. Miill. Arg., Lich. Beitr., 1882, p. 455), Exp. Lich. Nov. Cal. (1862), p. 50, Syn. Lich. Nov. Cal. (1868), p. 74; Krempelh., Beitr. Lich. Stids. (Journ. Mus. Godeffr. IV, 1873), p. 106; Nyl., Lich. Ins. Andam. (1874), p. 16, Lich. Ins. Guin. (1889), p. 30, Lich. Jap. (1890), p. 113; Hue, Lich. Exot. (1892), p. 239, 320. Phaeographis diversa Miill. Arg., Lich. Beitr. (FI. 1882), no. 455, Rev. Lich. Eschw. II (Fl. 1888), p. 522 (8). Lecanactis diversa Nyl., Sert. Lich. Lab. (1891), p. 11. Soleno- grapha confluens Mass., Esam. Comp. Gen. Lich. (1860), p. 26; Krempelh., Flecht. Amb. (Verh. K.-K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 1871), p. 866, tab. VII (haud Arthonia confluens Fée, Ess. Crypt. Ecorc., 1824, p. 55; conf. Mill. Arg., Graph. Féean., p. 45).
Thallus tenuis, laevigatus, albidus vel pallescenti-glaucescens, sat Opacus aut nitidiusculus, KHO dilute fusco-rubescens aut olivaceus. Apo- thecia sparsa [aut aggregata in Wright, Graph. Cub. no. 100d), elongata aut pro parte ellipsoidea aut subrotunda, long. circ. 5—0,5, lat. circ. 0,5 —0,8 mm. {—0,8 mm.: Wright, 1. c.], simplicia aut parce ramosa, vulgo plus minusve flexuosa curvatave, thallo immersa et demum plus minusve emergentia elevataque, basi sensim dilatata abruptaque [aut demum constricta: Wright, 1. c.]. Perithecium fuligineum, integrum, basi incrassatum, Jabiis tenuibus, late apertis, extus strato thallino totis obductis, discum vulgo leviter superantibus. Discus apertus, concavus aut demum planus, latit. circ. 0,4—0,2 mm. [—0,8 mm.: Wright, 1. e.],
362 130
livido- aut fusco-nigricans, tenuiter caesio-pruinosus aut nudus. Sporae fuscae, vulgo 7-septatae, long. 0,024—0,080, crass. 0,007—0,008 mm.
Thallus linea nigricante angusta hypothallina limitatus. Hymenium circ. 0,120 mm. crassum, distincte oleosum, jodo vix reagens. Epithecium fusco-fuligineum. Paraphyses simplices. Sporae oblongae, apicibus ob- tusis aut rotundatis, halone nullo indutae, septis 6—8, loculis lenticulari- bus, plures in eodem asco.
Ad corticem Arecae catechu prope Stationem navalem in insula Koh Chang (no. XVII).
Area: In regioribus tropicis Americae, Oceaniae, Asiae, Africae crescit.
54. Gr. (sect. Platygramma) Nylanderi Wain. Gr. subinusta Nyl., Fl. 1886, p. 103 (no. 7983), 326, Lich. Jap. (1890), p. 114; Hue, Lich. Exot. (1892), p. 240, 321. Lecanactis subinusta Nyl., Sert. Lich. Lab. (1891), p. 11. Haud Gr. subinusta Leight., Lich. Ceyl. (1870), p. 177 (Mill. Arg., Lich. Beitr., Fl. 1882, no. 458).
Thallus sat tenuis aut crassitudine mediocris, sat laevigatus aut leviter inaequalis, albidus, opacus, KHO primum lutescens, dein rubescens, jodo caerulescens, Apothecia bene approximata, elongata aut oblonga aut ellipsoidea aut stellata radiisque 3—7 aut furcata vel dichotome ramosa aut pro parte simplicia, recta aut curvata, thallo immersa. Perithecium fusco-fuligineum, dimidiatum, basi deficiens, laterale, tenue, late apertum. Discus apertus, vulgo planus, latit. 0,35—0,2 mm., nigricans aut fusco- nigricans, nudus, margine proprio nigro tenuissimo saepe cinctus. Sporae 8:nae, distichae, fuscae, septis 5—3, long. 0,014—0,024, crass. 0,005— 0,009 mm. ;
Thallus passim linea hypothallina nigricante angusta limitatus aut hypothallus nullus distinctus, KHO passim bene reagens, passim haud reagens (in eodem thallo reactio variabilis). Hymenium circ. 0,100—0,090 mm. crassum, guttulas oleosas continens, jodo leviter caerulescens aut non reagens. Epithecium fuscescens. Hypothecium albidum vel pallidum. Sporae oblongae aut ovoideo-oblongae, apicibus rotundatis aut altero apice angustiore obtusoque, halone nullo indutae, jodo violascentes vel caeruleo- fuscescentes, loculis lenticularibus. Thallo albido, bene evoluto (haud hypophloeode), apotheciis immersis et perithecio basi deficiente a Gr. sex- loculari Wain., Catal. Welw. Afr. Pl. II, P. If (1901), p. 439, differt.
Ad corticem arboris prope Lem Ngob (no. XXXII, IX).
Area: In regionibus tropicis Americae, Australiae, Asiae crescit.
55. Gr. (sect. Platygramma) sericea (Eschw.) Wain., Catal. Welw. Afr. Pl. Il, P. Wf (1901), p. 439. Leiogramma sericeum Eschw. in Mart. Fl. Bras. (1833), p. 99. Glyphis sericea Nyl., Prodr. Nov.-Granat. Addit. (1867), p. 341. Phaeographis sericea Miill. Arg., Fl. 1888, p. 523.
Thallus tenuis, albidus aut partim stramineo-glaucescens, KHO haud distincte reagens, sat laevigatus, leviter nitidus aut sat opacus. Pseudo- stromata haud distincta. Apothecia aggregata confluentiaque et vulgo radiato-ramosa radiisque vulgo numerosis, circ. 0,15—0,1 mm. latis, flexuosis, acervulos 3—0,8 mm. latos formantia, partim cireumscissa,
131 363
thallo immersa, Perithecium fuligineum, integrum, labiis patentibus. Di- scus apertus, concavus aut planus, tenuissime pruinosus lividusque aut nudus fuscescensque, margine proprio concolore, tenuissimo saepe cinctus. Sporae 8: nae, fuscescentes, septis 3, long. 13—17, crass. 0,005—0,006 mm. (loculis lenticularibus).
Ad corticem Arecae catechu prope Stationem navalem Lem Dan in insula Koh Chang (no. X, XL, fig. 7).
Area: In regionibus tropicis Americae, Africae et Asiae distributa.
56. Gr. (sect. Platygramma) subtigrina Wain., Lich. Nov. Rar. IV (Hedwigia 1907), p. 177.
Thallus tenuis, sat laevigatus, epiphloeodes, albidus, sat opacus aut leviter nitidus, KHO primum lutescens, dein rubescens. Pseudostromata haud distincta. Apothecia aggregata confluentiaque et vulgo radiato-ra- mosa, radiisque vulgo numerosis, circ. 0,2—0,15 mm. latis, flexuosis, acervulos 5—2 mm. latos formantia, partim circumscissa, thallo immersa. Perithecium tenuissimum, fuligineum, aut latere fuscescens basique _palli- dum, labiis patentibus. Discus apertus, concavus aut planus, tenuiter pruinosus lividusque, immarginatus aut margine thallino tenui circumscisso partim cinctus. Sporae 8: nae, fuscescentes, septis 3, long. 0,010—0,015, crass. 0,005—0,006 mm.
Thallus jodo passim leviter violascens, haud bene reagens, hypo- thallus indistinctus. Hymenium circ. 0,080 mm. crassum, haud oleosum. Epithecium fuscescens. Paraphyses simplices. Asci cylindrico-clavati, membrana tenui, apice leviter incrassata. Sporae distichae, ellipsoideae, apicibus rotundatis aut obtusis, loculis lenticularibus. — Graphis tricosula (Nyl.) Wain. (Glyphis Nyl. apud Cromb., Lich. Ins. Rodrigu., Journ. of Bot. 1877, p. 444) secund. specim. orig. (no. 7130 in herb. Nyl.) thallo albido, tenuissimo, KHO lutescente deindeque fulvescente (nec rubescente) et ramis paucis apotheciorum a planta nostra differt. Gr. tricosa Ach. (Wain., Etud. Lich. Brés. I, p. 116) praesertim thallo glaucescente, tantum ad apothecia KHO reagente ab ea recedit.
Ad corticem Arecae catechu prope Stationem navalem Lem Dan in insula Koh Chang (no. XXI).
57. Gr. (sect. Platygramma) labyrinthica (Ach.) Wain., Catal. Welw. Afr. Pl. II, P. Il (1901), p. 439. Glyphis Ach., Syn. Lich. (1814), p. 107; Nyl., Enum. Gén. Lich. (1857), p. 134; Hue, Lich. Exot. (1892) p. 271 et 322. Sarcographa Mill. Arg., Graph. Féean. (1887), p. 62, Lich. Beitr. (FI. 1887), no. 1100 et 1102.
Thallus tenuis, laevigatus, epiphloeodes, leviter nitidus, glaucescens vel stramineo-glaucescens, KHO leviter rubescens. Pseudostromata di- stincta, elevata, applanata, lateribus sensim dilatatis, extus alba, opaca, KHO primum lutescentia, dein leviter rubescentia. Apothecia in pseudo- stromatibus crebre aggregata confluentiaque et seriata, humida rotundata aut parcius etiam oblonga, sicca angulosa difformiaque et saepe fissuris separata circumscissaque, long. circ. 0,1—0,3, latit. circ. 0,1 mm. Peri- thecia fusco-fuliginea, integra, basi crassiora, partim confluentia. Discus
364 132
apertus, concavus, tenuiter pruinosus aut denudatus, margine tenui, cinereo aut albo, saepe circumscisso cinctus. Sporae 8: nae, fuscescentes, 5-sep- tatae, long. 0,018—0,023, crass. 0,005—0,006 mm.
Pseudostromata difformia, long. 16—1,5 mm., interdum etiam con- fluentia, intus alba. Perithecia labiis patentibus, in statu sicco discum, sed haud superficiem pseudostromatis, superantibus. Hymenium circ. 0,100 mm. crassum, oleosum. Epithecium fuscescens. Sporae subdistichae, oblongae, apicibus obtusis aut rotundatis.
Ad corticem <Arecae catechu prope Stationem navalem Lem Dan (no. XXI, X) et ad corticem arborum frondosarum prope cataractam flu- minis Klong Majum (no. XXVII) in insula Koh Chang.
Area: In regionibus tropicis Americae, Africae, Asiae et Oceaniae distributa.
Subg. IV. Scolaecospora Wain.
58. Gr. (sect. Solenographa) subdisserpens Nyl., Lich. Ins. And. (Bull. Soc. Linn. Norm. 2 sér., t. VII, 1874), p. 16.
Thallus sat tenuis aut tenuis, sat laevigatus, albidus aut sordide albi- cans vel cinereo-albicans, sat opacus, KHO dilute flavescens et demum sat dilute, sed distincte rubescens. Apothecia dendritice ramosa et radiatim aggregata, valde elongata, long. 13—4 mm., flexuosa, thallo immersa aut demum leviter emergentia. Perithecium fusco-fuligineum, integrum, labiis laevigatis, conniventibus, basi immersis, superne denudatis nigrisque, circ. 0,25—0,1 mm. latum, apicibus sensim attenuatis. Discus rimaeformis, inconspicuus. Sporae 8:nae, decolores, septis circ. 16—18, long. cire. 0,046— 0,053, crass. 0,007—0,010 mm., jodo violascentes, halone tenui aut fere nullo indutae, loculis lenticularibus. Epithecium fuscescens.
Ad corticem rami sicci arboris in silva prope cataractam in insula Koh Chang (no. XVI). —- Hoc specimen ad f. irregularem Wain., apo- theciis irregulariter intricatis dignotam, pertinet.
F. arbusculaeformis Wain.
Apothecia acervulos crebre dendroideo-radiatos, sparsos for- mantia, parum distincte subcinerascenti-pruinosa. Sporae septis circ. 17—20, long. circ. 0,060—0,068, crass. 0,010—0,012 mm., jodo violascentes. Thallus KHO demum bene rubescens.
Ad corticem Arecae catechu in insula Koh Chang (no. X).
Habitu subsimilis est Gr. assimilis Ny]. formae ,apotheciis radiato- ramosis* Nyl., Lich. Nov.-Gran. Prodr. (1863), p. 465.
In specimine orig. Gr. subdisserpentis Nyl. (no. 7156 in herb. Nyl.) thallus albidus, opacus, KHO dilute, sed distincte rubescens, apothecia dendritico-ramosa, ramis longis, labiis immersis thallumque haud superanti- bus, laevigatis, nigris, nudis, sporae ,septis 11—13, long. 0,045—0,060, crass. 0,008—0,009 mm.‘ (Nyl. in sched.). In Gr. disserpente Ny)l., Fl. 1864, p- 618, Lich. Ins. Andam., p. 16 (Miill. Arg., Graph. Féean., p. 40), se- cundum no. 7415 in herb. Nyl. apothecia dendritico-radiata, labiis haud striatis, sporae murales, ,long. circ. 0,045, crass. circ. 0,015 mm.“ Gr. disserpens Wain., itud. Lich. Brés. II, p. 123, nominetur Gs. proserpens Wain.
Area: Gr. subdisserpens in regione tropica Asiae lecta est.
133 365
59. Gr. (sect. Solenographa) sauroidea Leight., Lich. Amaz. et And. (Transact. Linn. Soc. Lond. XXV, 1866), p. 452 (secund. specim. orig. no. 7137 in herb. Nyl.).
Thallus sat tenuis, sat laevigatus, albidus, sat opacus, KHO haud reagens. Apothecia sat approximata, simplicia aut furcata vel parce ra- mosa, vulgo elongata, long. circ. 4—1 mm., curvata flexuosave, semi- immersa. Perithecium fusco-fuligineum, integrum, labiis laevigatis, conni- ventibus, basi strato thallino obductis, superne denudatis nigrisque, circ. 0,2—-0,15 mm. latum, apicibus sat obtusis. Discus rimaeformis, incon- spicuus. Sporae 8: nae, decolores, septis cire. 10-—11, long. circ. 0,032 —0,048, crass. 0,007—-0,008 mm., jodo violascentes.
Epithecium decoloratum. Sporae polystichae, fusiformes. — Gr. intricata Fée, Ess. Crypt. Eeorc. (1824), p. 42 (Nyl., Lich. Ins. Andam., p. 16, Mii. Arg., Graph. Féean. p. 30), secund. specim. orig. Féeanum no. 7142 in herb. Nyl. apotheciis immersis, parum emergentibus instructa est et identica cum Gr. assimili Ny]. (Wain., Etud. Lich. Brés. II, p. 120). Gr. anfractuosa Eschw. apud Mart., Fl. Bras. (1883), p. 86, ex opinione Nylanderi (Prodr. Nov.-Granat. Addit., 1867, p. 329, 562) ad Gr. sauroideam pertinet et teste Mill. Arg., Fl. 1888, p. 512, _, hirellis emersis, nudis, dorso non thallino-vestitis* ei congruens, at secundum specimen forsan non orig. in herb. Nyl. apotheciis immersis instructa est, quare hoc nomen adhue dubium.
Ad corticem Arecae catechu prope Stationem navalem in Koh Chang (no. X, XL, fig. 3).
Area: In regionibus tropicis Americae, Oceaniae et Asiae lecta est.
60. Gr. (sect. Eugraphis) tenella Ach., Syn. Lich. (1814), p. 81; Nyl., Lich. Nov.-Gran. ed. 2 (1863), p. 358, Lich. Nov.-Gran. Addit. (1867), p. 329, Syn. Lich. Gal. (1868), p. 70, Fl. 1886, p. 174; Mill. Arg., Lich. Beitr. (FI. 1882), no. 449, Graph. Féean. (1887), p. 32; Wain., Etud. Lich. Brés. II (1890), p. 121.
Var. epiphaea Wain.
Epithecium fuscescens. Apothecia labiis nigris, nudis, eprui- nosis. — Perithecium primum integrum basique tenui, demum dimi- diatum basique apotheciorum deficiens. Paraphyses simplices. Sporae septis 9-14, loculis lenticularibus, long. 0,036—0,060, crass. 0,007—0,010 mm.
Ad corticem <Arecae catechu prope Stationem navalem in Koh Chang (no. XXI).
Var. leptocarpoides Wain.
Epithecium fuscescens. Apothecia labiis pruinosis. — Peri- thecium fuligineum, dimidiatum basique deficiens, thallo immersum et thallum subaequans aut parte superiore leviter emergens aut parte inferiore amphithecio thallino anguste obductum, superne pruinosum, laevigatum. Apothecia long. vulgo 4—2 (7—1) mm., circ. 0,160 mm. lata. Sporae decolores, septis 7—5, loculis lenti-
366 134
cularibus, jodo violascentes, long. circ. 0,020-—0,025, crass. 0,007— 0,009 mm. In var. epiphaeam apotheciis epruinosis instructam transit. Gr. Pavoniana Fée (Mill. Arg., Graph. Féean., p. 33) secund. specim. orig. in herb. Nyl. (no. 7182) apotheciis magis elevalis a var. leptocarpoide differt et apotheciis basi thallo obductis, peri- thecio dimidiato, labiis pruinosis, laevigatis, sporis long. circ. 0,014 —0,015, crass. 0,006 mm., 3-septatis, jodo violascentibus* instructa est.
Ad corticem Arecae catechu prope Stationem navalem in insula Koh Chang (no. X).
Area: In regionibus tropicis Gr. tenella frequenter obvenit.
61. Gr. (sect. Eugraphis) lineola Ach., Lich. Univ. (1810), p. 264, Syn. Lich. (1814), p. 74, 80; Mull. Arg., Graph. Féean. (1887), p. 32. Gr. seripta *Gr. comma Nyl., Syn. Lich. Nov. Cal. (1868), p. 70 (Prodr. Nov.-Gran. ed. 2 in Ann. Se. Nat. IV sér. Bot. t. XIX, 1863, p. 112). Gr. comma Mass., Mem. Lich. (1853), p. 109; Hue, Lich. Exot. (1892), p. 233.
Thallus tenuis, laevigatus, albidus, sat opacus aut leviter nitidus, KHO non reagens. Apothecia approximata, simplicia aut raro furcata, elongata aut oblonga, long. circ. 0,3—1,5 (—2) mm., recta aut curvata flexuosave, vulgo immersa et thallum fere aequantia aut demum semi- immersa. Perithecium fusco-fuligineum, dimidiatum basique apothecii de- ficiens, latit. cire. 0,1—0,13 mm., labiis conniventibus, laevigatis, eprui- nosis. Discus rimaeformis, inconspicuus. Epithecium fuscescens. Sporae 8:nae, decolores, septis cire. 5—7, long. cire. 0,022, crass. circ. 0,006— 0,007 mm., jodo violascentes.
Hypothecium superne decoloratum, inferne sat dilute fuscescens. Sporae oblongae, altero apice rotundato aut ambobus apicibus obtusis, haJone nullo indutae, loculis lenticularibus. — Apotheciis tenuioribus et brevioribus a Gr. tenella Ach. differt. In specimine orig. Gr. lineolae ex India Occid. in herb. Ach. apothecia long. 0,5—1,2 mm., angustissima, simplicia aut raro furcata, curvata aut subrecta, immersa et thallum fere aequantia, peritheciis nigris, epruinosis, labiis demum hiantibus. In speci- mine Opegraphae commatis Ach. (Syn. Lich., p. 74) ex Guinea in herb. Ach. apothecia elevata, recta (conf. Miill. Arg., Graph. Féean., p. 32).
Ad corticem Arecae catechu prope Stationem navalem in insula Koh
Chang (no. X).
Area: In regionibus tropicis Americae, Oceaniae, Asiae, Africae crescit.
62. Gr. (sect. Eugraphis) striatula (Ach.) Nyl., Lich. Nov.-Gran. (1863), p. 467 (excl. syn.); Krempelh., Lich. Beccar. Born. (1875), p. 36, Fl. 1876, p. 418; Mill. Arg., Lich. Beitr. (Fl. 1880) no. 139, (Fl. 1882) no. 453, (Fl. 1884) no. 818, Graph. Féean. (1887), p. 34; Hue, Addend. (1888), p. 246, Lich. Exot. (1892), p. 238, 320; Wain., Etud. Lich. Brés. II (1890), p. 129.
Gr, elegans (Sm.) Ach. (Leight., Lich. Great Brit., 3. ed., 1879,
135 367
p. 427) ab hae specie differt peritheciis latioribus, diutius thallo immersis magis grosse striatis, striis paucioribus.
Ad corticem Arecae catechu prope Stationem navalem in insula Koh Chang (no. XXI).
Area: In regionibus tropicis Americae, Oceaniae, Asiae, Africae et in zona temperata Europae (in Lusitania) crescit.
63. Gr. (sect. Eugraphis) ochrocheila Wain., Lich. Nov. Rar. IV (Hedwigia 1907), p. 178.
Thallus tenuis, sat laevigatus, pallidus aut olivaceo-pallidus, sat ni- tidus, KHO dilute fusco-rubescens. Apothecia sparsa, simplicia- aut raro fureata, elongata, long. cire. 15—2 mm., latit. vulgo 1,1—0,9 (raro —O,5) mm., recta aut curvata flexuosave, elevata, basi bene constricta. Peri- thecium fusco-fuligineum, dimidiatum, labiis conniventibus, laevigatis, crassis, superne e strato crasso, albido-pallescvente, KHO sat dilute fusco- rubescente formatis. Discus rimaeformis, inconspicuus. Sporae 8: nae, decolores, 3-septatae, long. 0,014— 0,016, crass. 0,006—0,006 mm.
Hypothecium album, inferne jodo caerulescens. Hymenium circ. 0,129 mm. crassum. Epithecium fuscescens. Sporae irregulariter monostichae, ob- longae, altero apice rotundato, altero obtuso, halone nullo indutae, loculis lenticularibus, jodo haud reagentes aut vinose rubentes. — Valde affinis est Graphidi Afzelii Ach., Syn. Lich. (1814), p. 85, Nyl., Prodr. Nov.- Gran. Addit. (1867), p. 568, Syn. Lich. Nov. Cal. (1868), p. 75, Sert. Lich. Lab. (1891), p. 23, Mill. Arg., Graph. Féean. (1887), p. 37, Fl. 1888, p. 511, Wain., Etud. Lich. Brés. II (1890), p. 124, Catal. Welw. Afr. Pl. Tl, P. Il (1901), p. 441 (Dyplolabia Afezelii Mass., Neag. Lich. 1854, p. 6), at ab ea distmguenda. In Gr. Afzelii apothecia alba, nec pallida, breviora et vulgo angustiora, KHO non reagentia, sporae majores et thallus KHO non reagens aut tantum dilutissime et vix distinete viola- scens, et stratum album labia fuliginea apotheciorum in parte superiore intus et vulgo etiam extus obducens.
Ad truncos arborum prope Cataractam magnam in insula Koh Chang maculas pedales formans (n. III).
64. Gr. (sect. Fissurina) glaucecinerea Wain., Lich. Nov. Rar. IV (Hedwigia 1907), p. 178.
Thallus sat crassus aut crassitudine mediocris, substrato partim laxe affixus et in pustulas rugasque elevatus, glauco-cinereus, opacus, KHO non reagens. Apothecia sparsa, simplicia aut raro furcata, vulgo elongata, long. circ. 10—0,5 mm., vulgo flexuosa curvatave. Perithecium tenue pallidumque, at in parte superiore parathecii crassius et pallido-fuscescens, labiis apertis hiantibusve, amphithecio thallino rugam circ. 0,4—0,7 mm. latam, plus minusve elevatam, basi sensim dilatatam aut rarius abruptam constrictamve formante obductis. Discus concavus, impressus, latit. cire. 0,15 mm., rufus, epruinosus. Sporae decolores, septis 15—17, long. 0,080—0,048, crass. 0,006—0,008 mm., jodo violascentes.
Thallus subtus pallidus. Hymenium circ. 0,120 mm. crassum. Epi- thecium sordide fuscescens (dilute aut intense). Paraphyses simplices. Sporae oblongae, apicibus obtusis aut rotundatis, halone nullo indutae,
368 136
8:nae, ut videtur. — Habitu omnino similis est Gr. Balbisinae Nyl., Sert. Lich. Lab. (1891), p. 42 (Hue, Lich. Exot. 1892, p. 243, 321, Mull. Arg., Lich. Exot. IV in Hedwigia 1895, p. 144), at sporis minori- bus ab ea differens. Gr. Balbisina in Mexicana lecta est (no. 7725 in herb. Nyl.) et sporis long. 0,060—0,100, crass. 0,011 mm. describitur. Ad Fissurinam Gr. glaucocinerea rectius pertinet, ut apothecia bene evoluta ostendunt, at in apotheciis plurimis, quae male evoluta sunt, Jabia clausa.
Ad corticem vetustum pali lignei in capite septentrionali insulae Koh Kong (no. VIII).
65. Gr. (sect. Vissurina) pyrrhocheila Wain., Lich. Nov. Rar. IV (Hedwigia 1907), p. 179.
Thallus sat tenuis, leviter verruculoso- vel ruguloso-inaequalis, albi- dus, opacus, KHO primum lutescens, dein rubescens. Apothecia sat approximata, simplicia aut raro furcata, vulgo elongata, long. circ. 4—2 (—0,8) mm., latit. circ. 0,5 (0,6—0,4) mm., flexuosa curvatave aut pr. p. recta. Perithecium sat tenue, dimidiatum basique apothecii deficiens, fuli- gineum, KHO purpureo-fuligineum, labiis apertis hiantibusve, latere amphi- thecio thallino, crassitudine mediocri, basi abrupto aut leviter constricto et saepe fissura circumscisso obductis, superne anguste denudatis, tenuiter pruinosis, laevigatis. Discus concavus aut planiusculus, impressus, latit. cire. 0,25—0,16 mm., livido- vel subcaesio-pruinosus. Sporae decolores, septis 10—13, long. 0,040—0,046, crass. 0,008—0,012 mm., jodo viola- scentes.
Thallus linea hypothallina nigricante angustissima passim limitatus. Apothecia modice elevata, apicibus attenuatis aut raro obtusis. Hypothe- cium fulvescens, KHO purpureo-rubescens. Epithecium fuscescens, KHO non reagens. Paraphyses simplices. Hymenium circ. 0,140 mm. crassum, guttulas oleosas abundanter continens. Sporae numero in ascis variantes, Q:nae, 4:nae et verisimiliter etiam 8:nae (6 sporas in eodem asco observavi), saepe halone 0,002 mm. crasso indutae.
Ad corticem arboris prope Stationem navalem Lem Ngob (no. IX).
66. Gr. (sect. Glyphis) cieatricosa (Ach.) Wain., Etud. Lich. Brés. II (1890), p. 127. Gilyphis cicatricosa Ach., Syn. Lich. (1814), p. 107. Gl. favulosa Ach., 1. ¢.
Var. confluens (Zenk.) Wain., |. ¢.
Ad corticem <Arecae catechu prope Stationem navalem Lem Dan in insula Koh Chang (no. X, XVII, XXI), prope Stationem navalem Lem Ngob (no. IX).
Area: Gr. cicatricosa in regionibus tropicis Americae, Oceaniae, Asiae, Africae, et in zona temperata Asiae (in China) et Europae (in Lusitania) crescit.
2. Opegrapha (Humb.) Wain.
67. 0. subvulgata Nyl., FI. 1869, p. 71; Hue, Lich. Exot. (1899), p. 253; Wain., Catal. Welw. Afr. Pl. I], P. Il (1901), p. 442. O. vulgata
187 369
Nyl., Syn. Lich. Nov. Cal. (1868), p. 56, teste auctore ipso (no. 6782 in herb. Nyl.).
Thallus tenuis, albidus aut cinereo-glaucescens, linea nigricante hypo- thallina angusta limitatus. Apothecia long. circ. 0,5—0,3 mm., latit. 0,12 —0,lmm., simplicia aut pro parte furcata, nigra, nuda, opaca, sat appro- ximata aut sparsa, leviter elevata. Perithecium fuligineum, integrum, labiis conniventibus. Sporae 8: nae, decolores, aciculares aut fusiformi- aciculares, apicibus attenuatis acutisque, septis circ. 7--8, long. 0,026— 0,040, crass. 0,003—0,006 mm.
Hymenium jodo leviter vinose rubens. Asci obovoideo-clavati, long. 0,050, crass. 0,020 mm. Ex annotationibus Nylanderi in herb. suo sporae long. 0,025— 0,036, crass. 0,0085—-0,0045 mm., 7-septatae, fusiformi-acicu- lares et pycnoconidia recta, cylindrica, long. 0,004 mm.
Ad corticem Rhizophorae prope Stationem navalem Lem Ngob (no. XIV).
Area: In regionibus tropicis Americae, Oceaniae et Asiae obvenit.
68. 0. robusta Wain. (n. sp.).
Thallus tenuis aut tenuissimus, sat laevigatus, albidus, opacus, linea hypothallina nigricante circ. 1-mm. lata limitatus. Apothecia vulgo sparsa, elevata, partim elongata, long. 7—0,8 mm., latit. 0,5— 0,35 mm., simplicia aut interdum approximata, ut ramosa videntur, recta aut leviter curvata, basi constricta, atra, leviter nitida. Peri- thecium integrum, fuligineum, labiis arecte conniventibus, laevigatis. Discus rimaeformis, inconspicuus. Hymenium jodo vinose rubens. Epithecium decoloratum. Paraphyses ramoso-connexae. Asci clavati. Sporae incognitae.
Planta adhuc defecte cognita, sporis haud visis. Herbario Nyl. deest.
Ad corticem arboris in silva prope flumen Klong Sarlakpet (no. XXVI).
3. Chiodecton (Ach.) Wain.
69. Ch. (subg. Enterographa) pallidellum (Nyl.) Wain. Platygrapha pallidella Nyl., Fl. 1867, p. 5 (no. 4622 in herb. Nyl.); Krempelh., Reis. Novar. Flecht. (1870), p. 108.
Var. olivaceo-straminea Wain.
Thallus stramineus. Apothecia disco olivaceo. — Thallus tenuis, sat laevigatus, continuus aut dispersus, crebre contextus, opacus, CaCl,O, non reagens, hypothallo indistincto. Apo- thecia thallo immersa, dernum leviter elevata, approximata, vulgo elongata, long. cire. 1,5—0,3 mm., simplicia aut furcata, flexuosa aut curvata. Discus olivaceus, epruinosus, latit. vix 0,1mm., thallo marginatus. Hypothecium albidum. Sporae 8: nae, decolores, fusi- formi-aciculares, apicibus attenuatis acutisque aut rarius obtusis, septis 7—9 aut pluribus, loculis cylindricis (lumine cellularum cubico), halone nullo indutae, long. 0,028—0,034, crass. 0,003—0,0045 mm.
24
370 138
Pseudostromata nulla distincta. Perithecium indistinctum. Hymenium circ. 0,060 mm. crassum. Epithecium lutescenti-pallidum. Asci obo- voideo-clavati, long. circ. 0,046—0,050 mm., crass. 0,016 mm., mem- brana haud aut parum incrassata. Thallus gonidiis chroolepoideis, ut videtur.
Ad corticem Arecae catechu prope Stationem navalem in insula Koh Chang (no. X).
Var. perpallida Wain. Platygrapha pallidella Nyl., Fl. 1867, p. 5.
Thallus continuus, stramineo-albidus. Apothecia conferta, disco pallido aut raro pallide olivaceo-fuscescente.
Var. olivaceo-alba Wain.
Thallus dispersus aut subdispersus, albidus. Apothecia disco olivaceo-fuscescente aut pallide olivaceo-fuscescente aut fusco. — » thallus KHO non reagens et sporae long. 0,025—0,030, crass. 0,003 mm.* secundum annotationem Nylanderi in herb. suo. Ad Simono- saki in Japonia legit E. Almquist (,,Stigmatidium pallidellum* Ny].).
Huic speciei habitu subsimilia sunt: Ch. anguinellum (Nyl.) Wain. (Stigmatidium Nyl., Prodr. Nov.-Gran. ed. 2, 1863, p. 96, Lich. Jap., 1890, p. 84) et Ch. praepallens (Stigmatidium Nyl., Lich. Jap., 1890, p- 84, Lich. Geyl., 1900, p. 19) et Ch. elegantulum (Stigmatidium Nyl., Fl. 1886, p. 104), quorum posterius autem sporis ovoideis, 3-septatis ab ea differt.
Area: Ch, pallidelium in regionibus tropicis Oceaniae et Asiae crescit.
70. Ch. (subg. Stigmatidiopsis) subsphaerale Ny]. in Nyl. et Cromb., On Collect. Lich. East As. (in Journ. of Bot., 1882), p. 59.
Thallus crassitudine mediocris, creberrime contextus, opacus, super- ficie granulosa aut partim verruculosa, hypothallo nullo distincto. Pseudo- stromata elevata, rotundata aut rarius ellipsoidea aut confluentia, convexa, basi constricta, albida, intus fusco-nigricantia. Hypothecium fusco-nigri- cans. Disci rotundati aut difformes, nigri, epruinosi. Sporae decolores, aciculares, 3-septatae, long. circ. 0,020—0,026, crass. circ. 0,0025 mm.
Pseudostromata in parte exteriore gonidia continentia et crebre con- texta, hymenia vulgo numerosissima aut raro solitaria continentia. Hypo- thecium KHO non reagens. Hymenium parte superiore olivaceo-fusce- scens aut fuscescens aut totum smaragdulum, jodo caerulescens deindeque vinose rubens. Sporae 8:nae, aciculares, apicibus attenuatis. — Speci- men hic descriptum ob thallum granulosum ad Ch. subsphaerale pertinens, sporis longioribus magis cum Ch. sphaerali Ach. congruens. In specimine orig. Ch. subsphaeralis sporae long. 0,016—0,017, crass. 0,085 mm., 3—5-septatae, at sine dubio in hac specie magis variabiles sunt. Ch. sphaerali item habitu simile est Ch. subordinatum Nyl., Fl. 1864, p. 618, Prodr. Nov.-Granat. Addit. (1867), p. 352 (574), secund. specim. no. 4525 in herb. Nyl. Haec omnia verisimiliter transeunt.
Ad corticem vetustum trunci arboris in insula Koh Chang (no. XXXIX).
Area: In regione tropica Asiae obvenit.
139 371
4, Arthonia (Ach.) Wain.
71. A. (subg. Arthothelium) Ruana Mass., Ric. Aut. Lich. Crost. (1852), p. 49; Willey, Syn. Arth. (1890), p.52. A. Ruana Anzi, Lich. Exs. It. Sup. (1865), no. 383 (no. 5660 in herb. Nyl.). Dermatina Ruana Almqu., Mon. Arth. Scand. (1880), p. 8.
Thallus tenuis, laevigatus, albidus, continuus, epiphloeodes. Apo- thecia rotundata aut difformia confluentiave, aggregata aut approximata, long. 0,2—1 mm., latit. 0,2—0,5 mm., disco plano aut depresso-convexo, thallum aequante aut leviter superante, primum fragmentis thallinis sparsis obducta, dein nuda nigraque. Hypothecium albidum vel pallidum. Hy- menium jodo intense persistenter caerulescens, ascis dilute violascentibus. Epithecium fusco-fuligineum. Asci obovoidei, parte superiore pachyderma- tici, long. circ. 0,060 mm., crass. circ. 0,030 mm. Sporae 8: nae, deco- lores, ellipsoideae aut oblongae aut ovoideae, murales, seriebus cellularum transversalibus 10—9, jodo leviter vinose rubentes, halone nullo indutae, apicibus rotundatis aut altero apice rotundato-obtuso, long. 0,020—0,023, crass. 0,009—0,010 mm.
Ad corticem Rhizophorae prope Stationem navalem Lem Ngob (no. XIV).
Ab hac A. anastomosans (Ach.) Nyl., Lich. Scand., p. 259 (Willey, Syn. Arth., p. 53), secund. no. 5640 in herb. Nyl. thallo hypophloeode et ,gelatina hymeniali jodo vinose rubente‘ distinguitur. Etiam in speci- mine Anziano A. Ruanae (Anzi, |. c. no. 383) hymenium jodo caerule- scens. A. abnormis (Ach.) Nyl., Syn. Lich. Nov. Cal., p. 64, Willey, Syn. Arth., p. 53 (Mill. Arg., Graph. Féean., p. 60), habitu huice con- gruens, observante Nyl. reactione jodetica ab ea differt (no. 5746 in hb. Nyl.).
Var. phaeospora Wain.
Sporae demum fuscescentes, long. 0,020—0,024, crass. 0,008— 0,012 mm., murales, jodo leviter vinose rubentes. Hymenium jodo caerulescens. Hypothecium albidum vel pallidum.
Ad corticem Arecae prope Stationem navalem in insula Koh Chang (no. X).
Area: A. Ruana in Europa et Asia crescit.
72. A. (subg. Euarthonia) complanata Fée, Ess. Crypt. Ecore. (1824), p. 54; Wain., Etud. Lich. Bres. Il (1890), p. 154; Willey, Syn. Arth. (1890), p. 40.
Thallus albidus, opacus, continuus. Apothecia anguloso-rotundata aut difformia, long. 1,2—0,3 mm., latit. 0,7—-0,3 mm., crass. cire. 0,080 mm., disco nigro, epruinoso, opaco, plano. Hypothecium pallidum. Hymenium et hypothecium jodo persistenter caerulescentia. Epithecium fuscescens aut olivaceo-fuscescens. Asci subglobosi aut pyriformi-subglobosi, long. 0,035, crass. 0,030 mm. Sporae 8:nae, decolores, 5-septatae, cellula apicis crassioris cellulis medianis triplo longiore, etiam cellula apicis tenuioris medianis longiore, long. 0,028—0,025, crass. 0,007—0,008 mm.
24*
372 140
Ad corticem Arecae prope Stationem navalem in insula Koh Chang (no. XL, fig. 6).
Area: In regione tropica et in vicinis partibus zonae temperatae in America et in Asia crescit.
73. A. (subg. Euarthonia) stenographella Nyl., Lich. Nov.-Granat. (1863), p. 496 (82), ed. 3 (1863), p. 99 (Syn. Lich. Nov. Cal., 1868, p. 61), Lich. Jap. (1890), p. 85 (in Lich. Ceyl., 1900, p. 19, descriptio haud congruens: ,gelatina hymenialis coerulescens, dein mox vinose rubens*).
Thallus tenuis, epiphloeodes, albidus, sat opacus, laevigatus, con- tinuus, linea hypothallina nigricante limitatus. Apothecia approximata, thallo immersa, simplicia aut ramosa, vulgo elongata, long. circ. 1 —0,3 mm., latit. 0,2—0,1 mm., saepe flexuosa, apicibus obtusis aut acutis. Discus planus, fuscus aut fusco-nigricans, nudus. Hypothecium albidum aut pallidum. Hymenium jodo persistenter caerulescens, ascis dilute viola- scentibus. Epithecium rufescens. Sporae 8:nae, decolores, ovoideo- oblongae, 3-septatae, cellula apicis crassioris reliquis duplo longjore, long. circ. 0,015 mm., crass. 0,006 mm.
Hymenium circ. 0,060—0,070 mm. crassum. Asci obovoidei, parte superiore membrana sat bene incrassata, long. circ. 0,038—0,080, crass. circ. 0,020—0,016 mm. Sporae jodo violascentes. In specimine orig. A. stenographellae in herb. Nyl. apothecia magis ramosa (, dendritico-ramosa‘) sunt. A. varia (Ach.) Nyl., Lich. Nov.-Granat. (1863), p. 496, Syn. Lich. Nov. Cal. (1868), p. 60 (Mill. Arg., Graph. Féean., 1887, p. 54, Willey, Syn. Arth., 1890, p. 14), thallo minus evoluto ab ea distinguitur. In A. variella Nyl., Fl. 1886, p. 104, secund. annotationes Nylanderi in herb. suo (no. 5371) ,sporae long. 0,012—0,014 mm., crassit. 0,005—0,006 mm., 3-sep- tatae, ovoideo-oblongae, cellula apicali reliquis duplo longiore, et gelatina hymenialis jodo caerulescens deindeque vinose rubens* (a Willey in Syn. Arth., 1890, p. 14, inexacte descripta est).
Ad corlicem arboris prope Stationem navalem Lem Ngob (n. IX).
Area: In America et Asia lecta est.
74, *A. obscurata Wain. (no. subsp.).,
Thallus tenuis, epiphloeodes, albidus, sat opacus, laevigatus, continuus, linea hypothallina nigricante limitatus. Apothecia appro- ximata, thallo immersa, ramosa aut rarius simplicia, elongata aut anguloso-rotundata aut subradiata difformiave, long. cire. 1,6—0,2 mm., latit. 0s—0,1 mm., saepe flexuosa, apicibus obtusis aut acutis. Discus planus, fuscus aut fusco-nigricans, nudus. Hypothecium al- bidum aut pallidum. Hymenium jodo persistenter caerulescens, ascis demum vinose rubentibus. Epithecium rufescens. Sporae 8:nae, primum decolores, demum fuscescentes, ovoideo-oblongae, 3-septatae, cellula apicis crassioris reliquis duplo longiore, long. 0,016—0,017, crass. 0,006—0,006 mm.
141 373
Gonidia chroolepoidea. Hypothecium jodo persistenter caerulescens. Hymenium circ. 0,050 mm. crassum. Epithecium KHO olivaceum. Asci obovoidei, parte superiore membrana bene incrassata, long. circ. 0,034, crass. circ. 0,016 mm. — Sporis demum obscuratis ab A. stenographella differt.
Ad corticem Rhizophorae prope Stationem navalem Lem Ngob (no. XIV).
75. A. (subg. Euarthonia) rhizophorae Wain. (n. sp.).
Thallus tenuis, epiphloeodes, albidus, sat opacus, laevigatus, continuus, linea hypothallina nigricante limitatus. Apothecia appro- ximata, thallo immersa, ramosa aut rarius simplicia, elongata aut subradiata aut difformia, long. 1,2—0,3 mm., latit. 0,4—0,1 mm., saepe flexuosa, apicibus obtusis aut acutis. Discus planus, nigri- cans aut fusco-nigricans, nudus. Hypothecium albidum aut poalli- dum. Hymenium jodo persistenter caerulescens, ascis demum le- viter violascentibus. Epithecium fuscum. Sporae 8: nae, decolores, ovoideo-oblongae, septis 3-4, cellula apicis crassioris reliquis duplo longiore, long. 0,016—0,020, crass. 0,005—0,006 mm.
Hypothecium jodo intense persistenter caerulescens. Hymenium circ. 0,060 mm. crassum, jodo intense persistenter caerulescens, ascis leviter caerulescentibus, dein leviter violascentibus. Asci obovoidei, long. circ. 0,040, crass. 0,020 mm., parte superiore membrana incrassata. Sporae vulgo 3-septatae, parcius 4-septatae, halone nullo indutae, jodo vinose rubentes. — A. radiata (Pers.) Th. Fr. thallo hypophloeode et cellulis aequalibus sporarum differt ab hac specie, quae magis affinis est A. variae (Ach.) Nyl., sporis partim 4-septatis et thallo magis evoluto ab ea recedens.
Ad corticem Rhizuphorae prope Stationem navalen Lem Ngob (no. XIV).
76. A. (subg. Euarthonia) perpallens Nyl., Lich. Nov.-Granat., ed. 2 (1863), p. 100 (no. 5368 in herb. Nyl.), FJ. 1867, p.7, Lich. Jap. (1890), p. 85; Willey, Syn. Arth. (1890), p. 4.
Thallus tenuis, epiphloeodes, albidus, opacus, sat laevigatus, hypo- thallo nullo distincto. Apothecia sparsa, rotundata, diam. 0,7—0,3 mm., aut rarius difformia, plana aut depresso-convexa, immersa aut emergentia. Discus pallidus, nudus. Hypothecium albidum. Hymenium jodo vinose rubens. Epithecium pallidum, granulosum. Sporae 8:nae, decolores, ovoideo-oblongae, 3-septatae, cellulis aequalibus, long. 0,014—0,017, crass. 0,0045—0,005 mm.
Hymenium circ. 0,060 mm. crassum, jodo haud caerulescens. Asci obovoidei, long. circ. 0,034, crass. circ. 0,016 mm., parte superiore mem- brana incrassata. Sporae ovoideo-oblongae, apicibus rotundatis.
Ad corticem arboris prope Stationem navalem Lem Ngob (no. IX). Ad corticem Rhizophorae eodem loco (no. XIV).
Area: In orientalibus et meridionalibus partibus Asiae provenit.
374 142
77. A. (subg. Euarthonia) ochrodes Nyl., Fl. 1886, p. 104 (no. 5597 in herb. Nyl.); Willey, Syn. Arth. (1890), p. 10.
Thallus tenuissimus, epiphloeodes, albidus aut albido-cinerascens aut pallescens, opacus, sat laevigatus, hypothallo nullo distincto. Apothecia approximata et parce etiam aggregata, anguloso-rotundata aut ellipsoidea, long. 0,5—0,1 mm., latit. 0,2—0,1 mm., disco plano aut planiusculo, ferrugineo-fuscescente, nudo aut plus minusve ochraceo-pruinoso, margine tenui, ochraceo-pruinoso. Hypothecium electrino-lutescens. Hymenium jodo caerulescens, dein vinose rubens. Epithecium electrino-lutescens, granulosum, KHO violascens aut rubescens. Sporae 8:nae, primum electrino-lutescentes, demum fuscescentes, ovoideo-oblongae, 3-septatae, cellula apicis crassioris reliquis duplo vel triplo longiore, long. 0,015—0,018, crass. 0,005—0,008 mm.
Gonidia chroolepoidea, diam. circ. 0,006 mm. Perithecium (et margo) tenue, sub microscopio electrino-lutescens, KHO violascens rubescensve. Hymenium circ. 0,060 mm. crassum, dilute electrinum. Asci obovoideo- clavati, parte superiore membrana bene inerassata, long. circ. 0,034, crass. circ. 0,014 mm. Sporae apicibus rotundatis. — Huic speciei proxime affinis est A. elegans (Ach.) Almqu., Mon. Arth. Scand. (1880), p. 19, Willey, Syn. Arth. (1890), p. 9 (4. ochracea Duf., Rev. Opegr., 1818, p- 8), quae praesertim reactione jodetica hymenii ab ea differt.
Ad corticem <Arecae prope Stationem navalem in insula Koh Chang (no. X). Ad corticem arboris prope Stationem navalem Lem Ngob (no. XXXII).
Area: In partibus tropicis Americae et Asiae lecta.
Il. Pyrenolichenes.
1. Bottaria (Mass.) Wain.
78. B. (subg. Anthracothecium) libricola (Fée) Wain., Lich. Antill. (1896), p. 31. Pyrenula Fée, Ess. Crypt. Ecorc. Suppl. (1837), p. 82; Mull. Arg., Rev. Lich. Mey. (Jahrb. K. Bot. Gart. Berl. I, 1883), p. 318. Verrucaria Nyl., Syn. Lich. Nov. Cal. (1868), p. 87, Lich. Lab. (1891), p. 16; Hue, Lich. Exot. (1892), p. 288. Anthracothecium libricolum Mall. Arg., Pyr. Cub. (Engl. Bot. Jahrb. VI, 1885), p. 415, Pyr. Féean. (Mém. Soc. Phys. et Hist. Nat. Genéve XXX, 1888), p. 36.
Thallus macula pallida aut glauco-pallescente indicatus. Perithecium fuligineum, integrum, globosum, latit. 0,5—0,3 mm., immersum, apice elevato, nigricante aut cinereo-nigricante. Sporae 8: nae, distichae, oliva- ceo-fuscescentes, murales, seriebus transversalibus cellularum 10—6, me- dianis 4 cellulas continentibus, long. 0,025—0,044, crass. 0,011—0,014 mm. ‘Paraphyses parce ramoso-connexae aut simplices.
Ad truncum arboris in silva littorali in insula Koh Kahdat (no. XXXV) et prope Stationem navalem Lem Negob (no. IX).
Area: In regionibus tropicis Americae, Africae, Asiae, Oceaniae provenit.
143 375
79. B. (subg. Anthracothecium) parameroides Wain., Lich. Nov. Rar. IV (Hedwigia 1907), p. 179.
Thallus endophloeodes, pallidus aut glauco-pallescens, leviter nitidus. Apothecia primum thallo substratoque immersa, dein emergentia et verrucas 0,4—0,25 mm. latas, hemisphaericas, subnudas nigrasque aut tenuissime thallodice velatas, vertice convexas formantia. Perithecium globosum, fuli- gineum, integrum, sat tenue. Sporae 8: nae, distichae, ellipsoideae aut oblongae, apicibus vulgo rotundatis, olivaceo-fuscescentes, primum 4—5- septatae loculisque lenticularibus, demum submurales, seriebus cellularum transversalibus 6—5, seriebus medianis 2 cellulas continentibus, long. 0,018—0,021, crass. 0,008—0,010 mm.
Nucleus guttulas oleosas haud continens. Paraphyses simplices aut parce ramoso-connexae. — Habitu similis est B. libricolae (Fée) Wain. et B. paramerae (Verrucaria Nyl. in Cromb., Lich. Chall. Exp., p. 227, Nyl., Lich. Ceyl., p. 24), quae sporis majoribus ab ea differunt.
Ad corticem arboris prope Stationem navalem Lem Ngob (no. XXXII).
80. B. (subg. Anthracothecium) rosea Wain., Lich. Nov. Rar. IV (Hedwigia 1907), p. 179.
Thallus tenuis, roseus, h.e. albidus et pruina tenui rubra inspersus, opacus, linea hypothallina nigricante limitatus. Apothecia approximata, verrucas 0,2 mm. latas, conoideo-hemisphaericas, majore minoreve parte strato tenuissimo thallino rubro obductas, parte superiore demum plus minusve denudatas nigricantesque, vertice conoideas convexasve formantia. Perithecium hemisphaericum, fuligineum, integrum, basi haud dilatatum. Sporae 8: nae, monostichae, ellipsoideae aut subgloboso-ellipsoideae, nigri- cantes, submurales, septis transversalibus 2, cellulis paucis, long. 0,007— 0,008, crass. 0,004—0,005 mm.
Paraphyses tenues, simplices. Asci cylindrici, membrana tenui. Nucleus albidus, guttulas oleosas non continens. — JB. ochrotropa (Ny).) Wain., Etud. Lich. Brés. Il (1890), p. 197, apotheciis et sporis majoribus ab hae specie differt. B. albescens (Nyl.) Wain. *B. subochracea (Nyl.) Wain. (Cromb., Lich. Chall. Exp., 1878, p. 227) ei item valde affinis est, at sporis et materia rubra minus evoluta differens. B. coccinea (Mill. Arg.) Wain. (Mill. Arg., Lich. Exot. II, 1893, p. 136) perithecio subgloboso et sporis majoribus et B. palmarum (Krempelh.) Wain. (Krempelh., Beitr. Lich. Stids., 1873, p. 109) sporis majoribus ab ea distinguuntur.
Ad corticem arboris in capite septentrionali insulae Koh Kong (no. XI).
81. B. (subg. Anthracothecium) denudata (Nyl.) Wain. Verrucaria denudata Nyl., Enum. Gén. Lich. (1857), p- 189 (herb. Nyl.: no. 1086 e Nova Caled., no. 1088 e Ceyl.), Lich. fles Mend. (Mém. Soc. Sc. Nat. Cherb. V, 1857) p. 302, Exp. Syn. Pyrenoc. (Mém. Soc. Ac. Maine-et-Loire IV, 1858), p. 49, FI. 1867 p.196, Syn. Lich. Nov. Cal. (1868) p. 90 (excl. var.), Lich. Andam. (1874), p. 21, Lich. Jap. (1890), p. 115, Sert. Lich. Lab. (1891), p. 15, Lich. Ceyl. (1900), p. 25; Nyl. et Cromb., On Collect. Lich.
376 144
East As. (Journ. of Bot. 1882), p.60; Hue, Lich. Exot. (1892), p. 292 (excl. var.). Anthracothecium denudatum Mill. Arg., Lich. Afr. Occ. (Lin- naea 1880), p. 45, Rev. Lich. Eschw. (Fl. 1884), p.9, Lich. Beitr. (Fl. 1884) no. 818.
Thallus tenuis, albidus, laevigatus, leviter nitidus, KHO non reagens, linea hypothallina nigricante angusta limitatus. Apothecia sat approximata, verrucas 0,4—0,3 mm. latas, hemisphaericas, nigras, nudas, vertice con- vexas formantia. Perithecium hemisphaericum, integrum, basi haud dila- tatum. Nucleus depresso-subglobosus, basi rotundata. Sporae 8: nae, monostichae aut subdistichae, ellipsoideae aut parcius subglobosae, nigri- cantes, murales, septis transversalibus 3, cellulis paucis, long. 0,012—0,018 (—0,010), crass. 0,007—0,011 mm.
Ad corticem Arecae catechu prope Stationem navalem in insula Koh Chang (no. X, XXI). Ad corticem arboris prope Stationem navalem Lem Ngob (no. XXXII). — Verr. denudata Nyl. tantum pro. parte huc pertinet.
Area: In regionibus tropicis Oceaniae, Asiae, Africae, Americae.
82. B. (subg. Anthracothecium) confinis (Nyl.) Wain. Verrucaria confinis Nyl., Addit. Fl. Chil. (Ann. Se. Nat. 4 sér. Bot. III, 1855), p. 174 (secund. specim. orig. no. 1097 in herb. Nyl.), Exp. Syn. Pyrenoe. (1858), p. 49, Exp. Lich, Nov. Gal. (Ann. Sc. Nat. 4 sér. Bot. XV, 1861), p. 52, Fl. 1867 p.196, Syn. Lich. Nov. Cal. (1868), p. 90 (no. 1095 e Lifu, Depl., in herb. Nyl.); Hue, Lich. Exot. (1892), p. 299. Anthracothecium confine Mill. Arg., Lich. Afr. Occ. (1880), p. 45.
Thallus tenuis, albidus, KHO non reagens, sat laevigatus, sat opacus aut leviter nitidus, linea hypothallina nigricante angusta limitatus. Apo- thecia sat approximata aut sparsa, verrucas 0,4—0,3 mm. latas, hernisphae- ricas, cinerascentes vel cinereo-nigricantes, strato tenuissimo thallino obductas, interdum partim denudatas, vertice convexas formantia. Peri- thecium depresso-subglobosum vel fere potius hemisphaericum, lateribus subrotundis, basi haud dilatatum. Nucleus depresso-subglobosus, basi rotundata. Sporae 8:nae, monostichae, ellipsoideae aut parcius subglo- bosae, nigricantes, murales, septis transversalibus 3, cellulis paucis, long. 0,011—0,017, crass. 0,007 —0,012 mm.
Paraphyses simplices. Asci cylindrici, membrana tenui. — Tantum apotheciis inconstanter thallodice obductis a B. denudata differt et in eam transire videtur.
Ad corticem Arecae catechu prope Stationem navalem in insula Koh Chang (no. X). Ad corticem arboris prope Stationem navalem Lem Ngob (no. IX).
Area: In regionibus tropicis Americae, Oceaniae et Asiae obvia,
2. Pyrenula (Fée) Wain.
83. P. (subg. Melanotheca) subaggregata Mill. Arg., Pyrenoc. Cub. (Engl. Bot. Jahrb. VI, 1885), p. 410, Lich. Beitr. (Fl. 1887) no. 1212.
145 377
Thallus tenuis, olivaceo-pallescens aut olivaceus, sat laevigatus, leviter nitidus, hypothallo nullo distincto aut partim linea hypothallina nigricante limitatus. Apothecia pro parte simplicia approximataque, pro parte 2—3 (—4) confluentia, verrucas depresso-hemisphaericas, (simplices) 0,4—0,6 mm. latas, primum tenuissime thallodice subhyalino-velatas, demum denu- datas, impure nigricantes formantia, ostiolo vulgo levissime umbilicato- impresso, tenuiter pallide marginato, saepe obliquo. Perithecium hemi- sphaericum, integrum, fuligineum. Asci cylindrici. Sporae 8: nae, mono- stichae, oblongae aut ellipsoideo-oblongae, apicibus obtusis, fuscescentes, 3-septatae, loculis lenticularibus, sat aequalibus, long. 0,015—0,016, crass. 0,007 mm., halone nullo indutae.
Perithecium basi tenue, extrorsum haud anguloso-productum aut rarius anguste productum (observante Miill. Arg., Pyrenoc. Cub. p. 410, extrorsum anguloso-productum). Haec nota inconstans, sicut saepe res se habet in Pyrenulis. Nucleus guttulas oleosas haud continens. Paraphyses simplices. — Haec species bene demonstrat transitum Melanothecae in Eupyrenulam,
Ad corticem vestutum arboris in silva littorali in insula Koh Kahdat
(no. XXXV).
Area: In regionibus tropicis Americae et Asiae lecta est.
84, P. (subg. Eupyrenula sect. Pyramidalis) feracissima Wain. (n. sp.).
Apotheciis pro parte 2(—7) confluentibus, pro parte simplicibus cre- breque approximatis et loculis inaequalibus sporarum a P. Kunthit Fée, Ess. Crypt. Ecore. Suppl. (1837) p. 80 (Wain., Etud. Lich. Brés. II p. 201), et P. mamillana (Ach.) Trev. differt.
Thallus hypophloeodes aut endophloeodes, albidus, laevigatus, leviter nitidus, hypothallo nullo distincto aut partim linea plus minusve obscurata limitatus. Apothecia verrucas 0,6—0,9 mm. latas, hemisphaericas, nigras, nudas, vertice convexas formantia. Perithecium hemisphaericum, integrum, fuligineum, basi concava, latere anguloso, haud producto. Nucleus guttulas oleosas continens, latere rotundato-anguloso. Paraphyses simplices. Asci cylindrici. Sporae 8: nae, monostichae, fuscescentes, ellipsoideae, apicibus rotundatis aut rarius obtusis, 3-septatae, loculis apicalibus reliquis multo minoribus, long. 0,016—0,021, crass. 0,009—0,018 mm. — Ad plantas inter Melanothecas et Eupyrenulas intermedias pertinet.
Ad corticem ramorum siccorum arboris in silva ad flumen Klong Prao in insula Koh Chang (no. XIX).
In specimine, ut videtur, item ad hanc speciem pertinente, ad corticem emortuum arboris in silva littorali in insula Koh Kahdat lecto (no. XXXV), apothecia 0,6—0,7 mm. lata, columella centrali brevi instructa, sporae long. 0,018—0,014, crass. 0,008—0,011 mm., loculis apicalibus reliquis multo minoribus.
85. P. (subg. Eupyrenula sect. Pyramidalis) approximata Wain. (n. sp.).
Thallus hypophloeodes, macula pallida indicatus, leviter nitidus, laevigatus, linea hypothallina obscurata nigricanteve limilatus. Apo- thecia majore parte crebre approximata, vulgo simplicia, parce confluentia, basi parum aut leviter substrato immersa, verrucas 0,4—0,3 mm. latas, hemisphaericas, nigras, nudas, vertice convexas
378 146
formantia. Perithecium hemisphaericum, basi convexa, latere obtuso aut rotundato, integrum, fuligineum. Nucleus subgloboso-hemi- sphaericus, basi convexa et latere obtuso aut rotundato. Para- physes simplices. Asci cylindrici. Sporae 8:nae, monostichae, ellipsoideae, apicibus rotundatis, 3-septatae, long. 0,010—0,014, crass. 0,007—0,008 mm., loculi apicales medianis multo minoribus.
Nucleus guttulas oleosas continens. Perithecium neque distincte hemisphaericum, nee distincte subglobosum. — Ad species inter Pyrami- dales et Subglobosas intermedias pertinet. V. approximans Krempelh., Fl. 1876 p.525, secundum specimen orig. (no. 1371 in herb. Nyl.) habitu huic speciei similis est et a Nyl. ad ,V. aspisteam Ach.* ducta est. Sporis citriformibus, paullo majoribus descripta est. Sporis adhuc majori- bus et perithecio globoso a Miill. Arg. in Rev. Lich. Eschw. (Fl. 1884) p. 6 descripta, cum P. vitrea (Eschw.) ab eo conjuncta est. V. approai- ‘mans Krempelh., Lich. Bras. Warm. (Vid. Medd. Naturh. For. Kjobenh. 1873) p. 396 (32), ut species autonoma a Mill. Arg. in Lich. Beitr. (Fl. 1885) no. 895 commemoratur. P. approximata a P. aspistea Ach. peri- theciis haud immersis distinguitur. Una cum P. glabriuscula (Nyl.) Wain. crescit et ab ea apotheciis minoribus, crebre approximatis recedit.
Ad corticem arboris prope cataractam meridiem versus a Statione navali in insula Koh Chang sitam (no. IV).
86. P. (subg. Eupyrenula sect. Pyramidalis) submarginata Wain. (n. sp.).
Thallus hypophloeodes, macula albida vel pallida indicatus, leviter nitidus aut opacus, linea hypothallina nigricante partim limi- tatus. Apothecia sparsa aut approximata, verrucas 1,5—0,6 (—2) mm. latas, conoideo-hemisphaericas, nigras, nudas, vertice minutissime umbonatas aut conoideo-convexas formantia. Perithecium conoideo- hemisphaericum, integrum, fuligineum, latere anguste anguloso-pro- ducto. Nucleus latere rotundato aut rotundato-obtuso. Paraphyses simplices. Asci cylindrici. Sporae 8 : nae, monostichae, fuscescentes, ellipsoideae aut oblongae, apicibus obtusis aut rotundatis, 3-septatae, loculis sat aequalibus, long. 0,012—0,018, crass. 0,005—0,008 mm.
Nucleus albidus, guttulas oleosas haud continens aut in no. XXIII bene oleosus. Asci membrana tenui. Sporae loculis vulgo anguloso- lenticularibus, halone nullo indutae. — Apotheciis majoribus differt a P. mamillana (Ach.) Trev., quae secund. specim. orig. in herb, Ach. apothe- ciis 0,6 mm. latis instructa est.
Ad truncos arborum prope cataractam meridiem versus a Statione navali in insula Koh Chang (no. IV, XXIiI). Ad truncum arboris in capite septentrionali in insula Koh Kong (no. XI).
87. P. (subg. Eupyrenula sect. Pyramidalis) glabriuscula (Nyl.) Wain. Verrucaria Nyl., Fl. 1886, p. 177, Bol. Soc. Brot. IV (1886), p. 18, Lich. Guin. (1889), p. 35.
Thallus hypophloeodes, macula albido-pallescente indicatus, partim linea hypothallina nigricante limitatus. Apothecia vulgo sparsa, verrucas 0,4—0,6 mm. latas, hemisphaericas aut conoideo-hemisphaericas, nigras, nudas, vertice convexas aut conoideo-convexas, leviter nitidas formantia.
147 379
Perithecium hemisphaericum aut conoideo-hemisphaericum, integrum, fuli- gineum, latere anguloso, haud producto. Nucleus latere obtuso angulosove. Paraphyses simplices. Asci-cylindrici. Sporae 8:nae, monostichae, fu- scescentes, ellipsoideae, apicibus rotundatis, 3-septatae, loculis apicalibus mediano multo minoribus, long. 0,014—0,017, crass. 0,008—0,010 mm.
Nucleus albidus, oleosus. — Specimen orig. no. 1261 in herb. Nyl. habitu omnino simile est plantae nostrae. P. laevigata Pers., Ann. Wett. II (1810), p.11, Arn., Lich. Frank. Jur. (FJ. 1884), p. 269, Lich. Mtinch. (1891) p.118 (Verrucaria glabrata Ach., Syn. Lich., 1814, p. 91, Nyl., Exp. Syn. Pyrenoc., 1858, p. 47, Garov., Tent. Lich. Longob. III, 1866, tab. VII fig. 3, Leight., Lich. Great Brit. 3. ed., 1879, p.479, Hue, Lich. Exot., 1892, p. 291, Harmand, Cat. Lich. Lorrain., 1894, p. 477; Pyrenula glabraia Mass., Ric. Aut. Lich., 1852, p. 163, Hepp, Flecht. Eur. no. 227, Mill. Arg., Lich. Beitr., 1885, no. 898), perithecio basi tenuiore, thallo albo, magis evoluto et sporis paullo majoribus ab ea differt.
Ad corticem arboris prope cataractam meridiem versus a Statione navali in insula Koh Chang sitam (no. IV).
Area: In partibus tropicis Africae et Asiae obvia.
88. P. (subg. Eupyrenula sect. Subglobosa) aspistea Ach., Syn. Lich. (1814), p.123 (emend.); Mill. Arg., Lich. Beitr. (Fl. 1885), no. 894. Ver- rucaria Ach., Meth. Lich. (1803), p.121 (secund. specim. orig. in herb. Ach. et no. 1353 in herb. Nyl.); Nyl., Syn. Lich. Nov. Cal. (1868), p. 88, Lich. Nov. Zel. (1888), p.131. Pyrenula Bonplandiae Fée, Ess. Crypt. Ecore. (1824), p. 74; Mill. Arg., Pyr. Féean. (1888), p. 31.
Thallus macula pallida indicatus. Apothecia substrato immersa, apice parvulo (circ. 0,2 mm. lato in hoc specimine) emergente, verruculam hemisphaericam, nigricantem aut cinereo-nigricantem, tenuissime thallodice obvelatam aut subnudam formante. Perithecium subglobosum aut depresso-subglobosum, integrum, fuligineum (circ. 0,280—0,350 mm. latum in hoc specimine), latere rotundato, haud producto. Nucleus depresso- subglobosus aut subglobosus. Sporae 8: nae, monostichae, fuscescentes, ellipsoideae, apicibus rotundatis, 3-septatae, loculis sat aequalibus aut mediis paullo majoribus, long. 0,016—0,019, crass. 0,008—0,009 mm.
Nucleus haud oleosus. Paraphyses simplices. Sporae loculis lenti- cularibus. — In specimine orig. V. aspisteae Ach. e Guinea in herb. Ach. (cujus fragmentum sub no. 1353 in herb. Nyl.) verrucae externae apothe- ciorum 0,2 mm. latae et sporae ex annotatione Nylanderi long. 0,016—0,017, crass. 0,006 —0,007 mm.
Ad corticem arboris prope Stationem navalem Lem Ngob (n. IX).
Area: In regionibus tropicis Americae, Oceaniae, Asiae, Africae provenit.
3. Pseudopyrenula (Mull. Arg.) Wain. 89. Ps. (subg. Trypethelium) ochroleuca (Eschw.) Wain., Etud. Lich. Brés. II (1890), p. 209. Var. subdissocians Ny]. Trypethelium ochroleucum var. subdissocians Nyl., Fl. 1864, p. 618; Hue, Lich. Exot. (1892), p. 300.
380 148
Apothecia crebre approximata, at maxima parte simplicia, parcé seriatim 2 vel plura connata. Pseudostromata nulla distincta.
Ad corticem arboris vigentis in capite septentrionali insulae Koh Kong (no. XI).
Area: Ps. ochroleuca in regionibus tropicis Americae, Oceaniae, Asiae, Africae crescit.
90. Ps. (subg. Heterothelium sect. Homalothecium) endoxanthoides Wain., Lich. Nov. Rar. IV (Hedwigia 1907), p. 180.
Thallus endophloeodes, albidus, laevigatus, leviter nitidus, linea hypo- thallina nigricante limitatus. Apothecia sat approximata, simplicia, ele- vata, verrucas circ. 0,3 (—0,25) mm. latas, hemisphaericas aut rarius conoideo-hemisphaericas, atras, nudas, parum nitidas formantia, vertice convexo aut minutissime subconoideo-umbonato. Perithecium depresso- subglobosum aut elevato-hemisphaericum, fuligineum, integrum, latere ab- rupto, haud attenuato-producto, basi tenui, fuliginea, applanata aut de- presso-convexa. Nucleus depresso-subglobosus aut elevato-subhemisphaericus, latere rotundato aut obtuso, materiam luteam, KHO non reagentem con- tinens. Paraphyses ramoso-connexae. Asci subcylindrici. Sporae 8 : nae, distichae, decolores, 3-septatae, loculis lenticularibus aut demum sphae- roideis, long. 0,018—0,022, crass. 0,006—0,008 mm.
Materia lutea in nucleo inclusa KHO haud violascens, at tantum diluta. Sporae oblongae, altero apice rotundato, altero apice vulgo paulu- lum attenuato obtusoque, halone nullo indutae. — Ps. endoxanthae Wain., Lich, Antill. (Journ. of Bot. 1896), p. 32 (292), et Ps. subgre- gariae Mill. Arg., Pyrenoc. Cub. (1885), p. 408, Wain., Etud. Lich. Brés. II (1890), p. 213, subsimilis, at sporis minoribus et reactione nuclei cete- risque notis ab iis differens.
Ad corticem emortuum in silva prope cataractam in insula Koh Chang (no. XVI).
91. Ps, (subg. Heterothelium sect. 3. Hemithecium) diluta (Fée) Mull. Arg., Lich. Beitr. (Fl. 1883), no. 602, Pyrenoc. Cub. (1885), p. 408, Pyrenoc. Féean. (1888), p. 28. Verrucaria Fée, Ess. Crypt. Ecorc. Suppl. (1837), p. 85; Nyl, Syn. Lich. Nov. Cal. (1868), p. 91; Hue, Lich. Exot. (1892), p. 294.
Var. degenerans Wain.
Thallus evanescens, albidus. Apothecia sat approximata, sim- plicia, elevata, verrucas circ, 0,35—0,25 mm. latas, hemisphaericas aut conoideo-hemisphaericas, atras, nudas, opacas aut parum niti- das formantia, vertice convexo aut conoideo-convexo. Perithecium hemisphaericum aut conoideo-hemisphaericum, fuligineum, dimidia- tum, basi deficiens aut tenue, latere abrupto, haud attenuato-pro- ducto. Nucleus hemisphaericus, latere rotundato, basi vulgo plana, albidus. Paraphyses ramoso-connexae. Asci subcylindrici aut medio leviter incrassati, membrana tenui. Sporae 8:nae, distichae, deco-
149 381
lores, 3-septatae, loculis lenticularibus, long. circ. 0,020, crass. circ. 0,006 mm.
Ab hac Ps. Bengoana Wain., Catal. Welw. Afr. Pl. Il, Part II (1901), p. 457, apotheciis minoribus differt, et Ps. illota (Nyl.) Wain. (Verrucaria illota Nyl., Fl. 1876, p. 364, ,V. diluta* in Nyl., Lich. Antill., 1869, p. 24) secund. specim. orig. no. 418 in herb. Nyl. apotheciis majoribus, 0,5—0,7 mm. latis et perithecio subgloboso vel leviter depresso, integro, basi tenuiore distinguitur.
Secundum annotationem Nylanderi in herb. suo pycnoconidia in Ps. diluta (Wright, Pyr. Cub., no. 1383, no. 1031 in herb. Nyl.) cylindrica, long. 0,004, crass. 0,0005 mm. In specimine no. 1029 (e Nova Granata) pycnoconidia long. 0,0045 mm. observante Nyl.
Area: Ps. diluta in regionibus tropicis Americae, Oceaniae et Asiae crescit.
4. Thelenella (Nyl.) Wain.
92. Th. (subg. Euthelenella sect. Microglaena) interrupta Wain., Lich. Nov. Rar. IV (Hedwigia 1907), p. 180.
Thallus crassitudine mediocris, stramineo-glaucescens, sat laevigatus aut verrucoso-inaequalis, leviter aut parum nitidus. Apothecia sparsa, simplicia, verrucas formantia 1,5—0,7 mm. latas, mammaeformes, basi vulgo ab- ruptas, haud constrictas, latere strato thallino thallo concolore obductas, vertice albido-pallescente, decorticato, opaco inaequalique, ostiolo nigricaute, 0,2 mm. lato, rarius paululum elevato. Perithecium subglobosum, fuligineum, sat tenue. Nucleus albidus, gonidia hymenialia non continens, jodo non rea- gens. Paraphyses parce evolutae, ramoso-connexae. Sporae 8:nae, di- stichae, decolores, murales, cellulis numerosissimis, oblongae, apicibus rotundatis aut obtusis, jodo non reagentes.
Thallus epiphloeodes et partim endophloeodes, maculis difformibus, tenuioribus, albido-pallescentibus, hypothallinis, pycnoconidangia fusconigra, hemisphaerica, minutissima, imperfecte evoluta, continentibus interruptus, gonidiis chroolepoideis, concatenatis, circ. 0,008 mm. crassis. Nucleus guttulas oleosas continens. Asci subclavati, membrana sat tenui, long. 0,300, crass. 0,065 mm. Sporae halone nullo indutae, jodo fulvescentes, juveniles pluriseptatae loculisque anguloso-lenticularibus, long. 0,130—0,140 mm., crass. 0,030—0,036 mm. Thallus KHO leviter fulvescens. Apothecia vertice decorticato pallescenteque, KHO intense fulvescente. — Affinis Th. fuluae Wain., Cat. Welw. Afr. Pl. Il, Part Il (1901), p. 451, et habitu ei subsimilis, at praesertim colore thalli et verrucarum ab ea differens.
Ad corticem Arecae catechu prope Stationem navalem in insula Koh Chang (no. XVII).
5. Microthelia (Koerb.) Wain. 93. M. Asiatica Wain., 1. c.
Thallus tenuissimus, hypophloeodes, evanescens, macula subalbida indicatus. Apothecia sparsa, simplicia, verrucas 0,4—0,5 (—0,3) mm. latas, depresso- aut conoideo-hemisphaericas, nigras, nudas, vertice con-
389 150
vexas aut conoideo-convexas formantia. Perithecium fuligineum, dimidiatum. Paraphyses ramoso-connexae. Asci subcylindrici. Sporae 8 : nae, distichae aut subdistichae, demum obscuratae aut pro parte decolores, ovoideae, 1-septatae, septo fere in medio sporae aut cellula crassiore etiam paullo longiore, halone nullo indutae, long. 0,014—0,015, crass. 0,005—0,006 mm.
Apothecia opaca. Perithecium lateribus acutis, at non attenuato-pro- ductis, basi deficiens, at columella centrali fuscescente instructum. Nucleus albidus, lateribus acutis, guttulas oleosas haud continens. Paraphyses tenues. Asci long. circ. 0,070, crass. 0,010 mm., apice membrana in- crassata. Sporae medio leviter constrictae, altero apice rotundato, altero obtuso. Thallus in hoc specimine evanescens, forsan gonidiis chroolepoi- deis instructus, at talia non satis distincte observavi.
Ad corticem arboris prope cataractam meridiem versus a Statione navali Lem Dan in insula Koh Chang sitam (no. IV).
Didymella Sacc. Genus ad fungos pertinens.
D. cinchonae (Ach.) Wain., Etud. Lich. Brés. If (1890), p. 233, Lich. Antill. (Journ. of Bot. 1896), p. 86, Cat. Welw. Afr. Pl. I, Part Il (1901), p. 462. Verrucaria Ach., Syn. Lich. (1814), p. 90; Nyl., Lich. Nov.-Gran. ed. 2 (1863), p. 122; Hue, Lich. Exot. (1892), p. 296. Ar- thopyrenia Mill. Arg., Lich. Beitr. (FI. 1883), no. 615, Pyrenoc. Cub. (1885), p. 404, Pyrenoc. Féean. (1888), p. 26. Verrucaria prostans Mont., Cent. Pl. (Ann. Sc. Nat., 2 sér., Bot. XIX, 1843), p. 53, no. 81, Syll. Cr. (1856), p. 365; Nyl., Exp. Syn. Pyrenoc. (1858), p. 57.
Thallus hypophloeodes, macula pallida aut partim subalbida indi- catus, linea nigricante hypothallina limitatus, gonidiis carens. Apothecia sparsa, rarissime parce confluentia, maculas rotundatas, nigras, 1—0,5 mm. latas, medio in verrucam hemisphaericam aut conoideam elevatas, for- mantia. Perithecium fuligineum, dimidiatum, latere attenuato-producto aut acutato. Nucleus depresso-hemisphaericus, albidus. Paraphyses ra- moso-connexae. Asci subcylindrici. Sporae 8:nae, distichae aut sub- distichae, decolores, ovoideo-oblongae aut oblongae, apicibus obtusis aut rotundatis, 1-septatae, septo fere in medio, long. 0,014—0,027, crass. 0,006—0,008 mm.
Apothecia nigra, strato tenuissimo substrati, tantum sub microscopio viso, obducta. Perithecium fuligineum, basi deficiens patensque, at in centro columella rudimentaria verrucaeformi instructum. Paraphyses sat numerosae. Asci long. circ. 0,090 mm., crass. circ. 0,012—0,014 mm. Sporae membrana modice incrassata, halone tenui interdum indutae, medio haud aut parum constrictae.
Ad corticem Carapae obovatae in insula Koh Saket (no. XXXVIII).
Area: In regionibus tropicis Americae, Oceaniae, Asiae et Africae crescit.
151 383
Lichenes imperfecti. 1. Dictyonema Ag. 94. D. sericeum (Sw.) Hariot, Bull. Soc. Myc. de France VII (1891), p. 41 (Bot. Centralbl. 1892, Beibl., p. 19).
Supra Parmeliam latissimam Fée in trunco Rhizophorae ad flumen Klong Prao in insula Koh Chang in statu juvenili parce fortuito lectum. Ad var. laxam (Mill. Arg.) Hariot, 1. ¢. (Dictyonema laxum Mill. Arg., Exp. Gazell., 1883, p.57; Laudatea caespitosa Johow, Hymenolich., 1884, p. 386), forsan pertinet.
Area: D. sericeum in regionibus tropicis Americae, Oceaniae, Asiae et Africae crescit.
2. Lepraria Ach.
95. L. xanthina Wain., Catal. Welw. Afr. Pl. II, Part II (1901), p. 463.
Una cum Arthonia ochrode Nyl. ad corticem Arecae catechu prope Stationem navalem in insula Koh Chang (n. X).
Area: In regionibus tropicis Americae, Africae et Asiae lecta est.
25—12—1908.
10
16
12
14
Stem of Areca catechu Linné covered by Lichens. Abt.*/4 nat. size. Reprod. of a photo by Johs. Schmidt, taken at Lem Dan, Koh Chang, Febr. 1900. 1, Parmelia Claudelii (Harm.) Wain. — 2. Physcia picta (Sw.) Nyl. -- 3. Graphis sauroidea Leight. — 4 Buellia subdives Wain, — 5, Graphis consimilis Wain. male evoluta, sine sporis. — 6, Arthonia complanata le, — 7. Graphis sericea (Eschw.) Wain. — 8, Graphis heterocarpoides Nyl. — 9. Graphis concolor Nyl. — 10. Pertusaria pustulata (Ach.) Nyl. — 11. Physcia (nimis juvenilis), forsan Ph. piecta (Sw.) Nyl. — 12. Graphis concolor Nyl. — 13, Graphis chlorocar- poides Nyl, ~ 14 Graphis heterocarpoides Nyl. — 15. Physcia picta (Sw.) Nyl. — 16, Graphis (male evoluta).
CONTENT OF PRECEDING PARTS.
Part I. Jous. Scumipt: Introductory. F. Kranziin: Orchidaceae, Apostasia-
ceae. Part II.
M. Fosuie: Corallinaceae. Part II.
C. B. Cuanke: Cyperaceae.
E. Hacker: Gramineae.
H. Cunist: Pteridophyta (Selaginella auct. G. Hieronymus).
V. F. Brornerus: Bryales.
Part IV. W. West and G.S.West: Fresh Water Chlorophyceae. TH. REINBOLD: Marine Algae (Chloro- phyceae, Phaeophyceae, Dictyo-
tales, Rhodophyceae). M. Gomonr:
Myxophyceae hormogo-
‘ies’ Peridiniales.
i“ Part V.
C. B. Cranke: Compositae, ferae. °
Jous. Scumipr: Rhizophoraceae.
Ove PavuLsen: Fagaceae.
F. K. Ravn: Loranthaceae.
Eva. Warmine: Podostemacéae.
C.H. Ostenretp: Hydrocharitaceae, Lemnaceae, Pontederiaceae, Pota-
Umbelli-
mogetonaceae, Gentianaceae (Lim- nanthemum), Nymphaeaceae.
H. Harms: Leguminosae.
K. Scoumann: Scitamineae.
A. ENGLER: Araceae.
F. StepHanr: Hepaticae.
Part VI. K. Scuumann: Rubiaceae. C. B. Clarke: Lythraceae, Melastoma-
ceae, Scrophulariaceae, Acantha- ceae. O.Wansunc: Urticaceae.
E. Rostrup and G. Massee: Fungi.
Part VII. C. H. OSTENFELD: Marine Plankton Diatoms. E. Osraup: Fresh-Water Diatoms. F. Hem: Dipterocarpaceae.
Part VHI
E. Osrrup: Marine Diatoms.
C._H. OstenreLp: Gymnospermae, Pan- danaceae, Smilaceae, Commelyna- ceae, Amaryllidaceae, Taccaceae, Dioscoreaceae.
V.A. Poutsen: Eriocaulaceae.
Jous. ScuHmipt: Combretaceae.
CarL MEz: Myrsinaceae.
H. Haturer: Convolvulaceae.
C. B. Crarke: Verbenaceae, Labiatae.
Flora of Koh Chang.
Contributions to the knowledge of the vegetation in
the Gulf of Siam. By
Johs. Schmidt.
Copenhagen + 1900—1916.
Part I reprinted from »Botanisk Tidsskrift«, vol. 24, November 1900.
- I — — — 24, January 1901. - Tl — - — — 24, April 1901. IV — — — 24, August 1901. Vv — — — 24, January 1902. VI — — = 24, June 1902. VII — — — - 25, August 1902. VITI — — — 26, June 1904, IX — — — 29, January 1909. x — _ — 32, April 1916.
Printed by Bianco Luno, Copenhagen.
Flora of Koh Chang.
Contributions to the knowledge of the vegetation in the Gulf of Siam.
By Johs. Schmidt.
Part X. (Conclusion.) (Arranged by Carl Christensen)
(C. B. Clarke: Ochnaceae. — E. Gilg: Loganiaceae. — F. Pax: Euphorbiaceae. — L. Radlkofer: Sapindaceae. — R. Schlechter: Asclepiadaceae. — C. H. Osten- feld: Various families. — 0. Warburg: Various families. — W. G. Craib: Va- rious families. —- Various families determined by different botanists. — Carl Christensen: Filices. — Additamenta to the earlier parts. — Johs. Schmidt: Concluding remarks. — Index to genera and new species).
Having received from the botanists who determined the rest of his Siamese collections, the mere names only of the determined specimens, together with descriptions of the new species, Dr. Jous. Scummpt asked me to arrange this last part. of the ‘Flora of Koh Chang” in order to bring it into accordance with the scheme followed in the earlier parts. Ihave quoted J. Hooker: Flora of British India throughout, receding from that standard work in nomenclature and delimitation of species only in such cases where the botanist who had determined the species has had a different view.
Since the first parts of “Flora of Koh Chang” were issued (1900—4) not a few important contributions to the Siamese flora have been published; a list of these is to be found in Cram: Contributions to the Flora of Siarn, Aberdeen University Studies no. 57, 1912,
25 :
386 310
which paper is a reprint (with additions) of papers published by the author in Kew Bulletin 1911 pp. 7—60 and 385—474, while the second part, containing the Monocotyledones, is published in Kew Bull. 1912, pp. 397435. In these papers the majority of the species found by Dr. Scumipr are listed with references to newer works relating to the flora of Siam and Indo-China, and I have, therefore, found it unnecessary to repeat these references, but have confined myself to quote Craib: Contr. Fl. Siam.
Carl Christensen.
311 387
Ochnaceae. Determined by C. B. Clarke, Kew.
Ochna Linné.
1. 0. Wallichii Planch. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. V. 650; Bennett in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. I. 524; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 34.
Koh Chang, on rocks near the sea (no. 627b); Koh Saket in the littoral zone (no. 335); Koh Chang Noi (no. 698g).
Area: Burma and Siam.
2. ©. sp. perhaps 0. parviflora Griff. Notul. IV. 464, Klong Majum on rocks in the jungle.
Gomphia Schreb.
3. G. angustifolia Vahl, Symb.II.49; Bennett in Hook. FI. Br. Ind. 1.595. Klong Majum (no. 600 and 603); Nipple (no. 667 a).
Area: South India, Ceylon, Singapore, Philippines. 4. @. Hookeri Planch. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. VI. 3; Bennett in
Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. I. 525. Klong Son, in the jungle (no. 665); Klong Majum, river-bank (no. 614).
Area: Penang, Malacca.
25*
388 312
Loganiaceae. Determined by E. Gilg — Berlin.
Fagraea Thunbg.
1. F. auriculata Jack. Clarke in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. IV. 83. Rocky shore at the north end of Koh Kong (no. 354).
Area: Burma to Singapore, Malaya.
2. BF. obovata Wall. Clarke in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. IV. 83. Klong Majum, on rocks in jungle (no. 607 d).
Area: India, Malay Peninsula and Archipelago.
Strychnos L.
3. 8. Schmidtii Gilg, nov. spec. — Frutex scandens cirrhosus, cirrhis superne valde incrassatis atque involutis, caule ramisque glaberrimis obsolete tetragonis, fuscis. Folia 4—5 mm., longe petiolata, ovata vel ovali-ovata usque ovalia, apice manifeste vel longiuscule latiuscule acutissime acuminata, basi subrotundata vel rarius latissime subcuneata, subchartacea vel chartacea, glaberrima, utrinque nitidula, laevia, supra nigrescentia, subtus fuscescentia, 5—7 cm. longa, 2,5—3,5 em. lata, nervis 3 vel si mavis 5, sed jugo infimo fere marginali tenuissimo vix conspicuo, jugo superiore valido, sed ‘costa manifeste tenuiore, a basi abeunte et fere usque ad apicem margini stricte subparallelo, costa nervisque supra parce, subtus alte prominentibus, venis paucis laxissime reticulatis supra inconspicuis, subtus parce prominentibus. Flores parvi in cymas axillares pluries dichotomas multifioras densifloras subcapitatas vel pseudoumbelliformes usque ad 1,5 cm. longas dispositi, pedunculo 6—7 mm. longo, pedicellis fere nullis, bracteis bracteolisque ovatis vel ovato-oblongis, acutis, sessilibus usque ad ! mm. longis, glabris vel hinc inde parcissime brevissime pilosis; sepalis 5 subliberis ovatis vel late ovatis, c. 1 mm. longis, fere idem latis, apice acutiusculis, margine ciliolatis; corollae c. 3 mm. altae, tubus cylindraceus, c. 2 mm. longus, fere idem crassus, lobis 5 ovatis acutis c. 1 mm. longis, fere idem latis, superne valde incrassatis, basi intus corona pilorum elongata densa ornatis; antherae parvae in parte superiore tubi insertae, sessiles; ovarium globosum, stylo brevi crasse filiformi.
Rocks in jungle at Klong Prao (no. 703).
Ich kenne keine Art von Strychnos, die mit dieser sehr charakteri- stische Art als verwandt zu bezeichnen wire.
4, §. myrioneura Gilg, nov. sp. — Frutex scandens cirrhosus, cirrhis superne valde incrassatis atque involutis, caule ramisque obsolete tetragonis glaberrimis, fusco-flavescentibus. Folia 3—4 mm. longe petiolata, oblonga vel saepius ovato-oblonga vel obovato-oblonga, apice breviter late acumi- nata, apice ipso rotundata, basin versus sensim late vel latissime cuneata vel saepius subrotundata, chartacea vel subcoriacea, glaberrima, utrinque
313 389
nitidula, laevia, fuscescentia, 5—8 cm. longa, 3—4 cm. lata, nervis 3 vel si mavis 5, sed jugo infimo fere marginali tenuissimo, jugo superiore va- lido, sed costa manifeste tenuiore, 2--3 mm. supra laminae basin abeunte et fere usque ad apicem margini stricte subparallelo (superne margini sen- sim approximato), costa nervisque supra parce, subtus alte prominentibus, venis numerosissimis angustissime reticulatis utrinque subaequaliter alte prominentibus. Flores .... Fructus globosi, 1,6—2,7 cm. diam., nigre- scentes, laeves, pericarpio tenui crustaceo, seminibus paucis (3—4) planis (c. { mm. altis), 1,2—1,4 cm. diam., griseis.
Lem Dan (no. 411).
Diese neue Art ist mit Strychnos laurina Wall. verwandt.
390 314
Euphorbiaceae. Determined by F. Pax, Breslau.
Galeria Zoll. & Moritz.
1. @. affinis (R. Br.) Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. L. UW. 430; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. V. 379. Jungle at Klong Son (no. 644).
Area: Malacca, Singapore, Siam, Malaya.
Chaetocarpus Thwait.
2. ¢. castanocarpus Thwait.; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. V. 460; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 184. ,
Jungle near Klong Munsé (no. 440) and near Lem Dan (no. 594 and 834). :
Area: Assam, Burma, Indo-China, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon.
Macaranga Thouars.
3. M. denticulata (BI.) Mull. Arg.; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. V. 446; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 194. Plains at Lem Dan (no. 423 a).
Area: Himalaya, Indo-China, Malaya.
4. M. sp. an M. minutiflora Mull. Arg.; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. V. 450? Plains at Lem Dan (no. 473).
Area of M. minutiflora: Burma.
Cleistanthus Hook. f.
5. ©. sp.? Edge of jungle on river-bank (no. 795).
315 391
Sapindaceae. Determined by L. Radlkofer, Munich.
Cardiospermum Linné.
1. €. Halicacabum L. sp. ed. I. 366; Hiern in Hook. FI. Br. Ind. I. 670; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 44. — var. microspermum. Klong Sarlakpet (no. 739 a).
Area: Most tropical and subtropical regions.
Erioglossum Blume.
E. rubiginosum Bl.; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 46. E. edule Bl.; Hiern in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. I. 672.
Lem Ngob (no. 6); Koh Chang: Klong Munsé (no. 104), Klong Majum (no. 789).
Area: India, Indo-China to N. Australia.
Guioa Cav.
3. (. pleurepteris (Bl.) Radlk. Sitzber. math.-phys. Classe Akad. Miinchen 1879: 611; Cupania pleuropteris Bl.; Hiern in Hook. FI. Br. Ind. I. 677.
Rocks on sea-shore (no. 627).
— forma apiculata (Hiern); Cupania pleuropteris var. 8. apiculata Hiern in Hook. FI. Br. Ind. I. 677.
Klong Munsé, river-bank (no. 244).
Area: Malayan Peninsula, Borneo, Sumatra.
Mischocarpus Blume.
4, M. sundaicus Bl. Bijdr. 238; Cupania Lessertiana Camb.; Hiern in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. I. 678. Klong Prao, river-bank (no. 711).
Area: Burma to Malay Archipelago.
Litchi Sonn.
5. L. chinensis Sonn. Voy. Ind. Ill 255; Nepheliwm Lit-chi Camb.; Hiern in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. L 687. Plains near Lem Dan, cultivated (no. 117).
Area: S. Ghina, widely cultivated in India.
392 316
Nephelium Linné.
6. N. hypoleucum Kurz, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 1871, II. 50; N. Lon- gana. Hiern in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. I. 680. Lem Dan (no. 507).
Area:
Harpullia Roxb.
: 7. H. eupanioides Roxb. Hort. Beng. 86; Hiern in Hook. FI. Br. Ind. I. 692; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 46. Koh Kahdat, in the jungle (no. 571).
Area: Indo-China.
317 393
Asclepiadaceae. Determined by R. Schlechter, Berlin.
Dischidia R. Br.
i. D. benghalensis Coleb.; Hook. F]. Br. Ind. IV. 50. Koh Saket, epiphytic in the littoral zone (no. 332).
Area: Himalayas southwards to Malacca, Java, Borneo.
Finlaysonia Wall.
2. F. obovata Wall.; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. IV. 7. Klung, in the interior of the mangrove (no. 370).
Area: From the Sunderbunds to Malacca.
Gymnanthera R. Br.
3. G. paludosa (Bl.) K. Schum. Engl. u. Prantl, Nat-Pflanzenfam. IV. 2. 213; Dicerolepsis paludosa Bl. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. I. 146. Sea-shore at Klong Son (no. 660).
Area: Java.
Toxocarpus Wight et Arn. 4. . siamensis Schltr. in Fedde: Repert. 3: 307, 1907.
Volubilis, alte scandens; ramis flexuosis elongatis, juvenilibus pilis brevibus rubiginosis reversis strigillosis, demum glabratis, teretibus, distanter foliatis; foliis patulis, anguste oblongo-ellipticis acuminatis, subtus reticu- lato-nervosis, textura subcoriaceis, juvenilibus subtus rubiginoso-puberulis, demum glabratis, superne glabratis, 10—13 cm. longis, medio fere 4—5,5 em. latis; inflorescentiis extraaxillaribus laxe cymosis, foliis fere aequi- longis, ramulis saepius divaricatis; pedicellis filiformibus 0,5—0,7 cm. lon- gis, tenuiter rubiginoso-strigillosis; calycis segmentis ovatis obtusis, ciliatis, basi tenuiter rubiginoso-strigillosis, 0,2 em. longis; corolla alte 5-fida 0,5—0,6 cm. longa, lobis tubo duplo longioribus e basi lanceolata lineari- elongatis obtusis, intus fauce puberulis; coronae foliolis carnosulis lance- olatis obtusiusculis, antheris paulo brevioribus: stigmatis capite fusiformi- cylindrico obtuso antheras duplo excedente glabro, corollae tubum haud excedente.
Klong Sarlakpet (no. 725).
Infolge ihrer schlanken Infloreszenzen muss diese Art neben 7’. gracilis Dene. von den Philippinen untergebraclit werden. Sie ist infolge der klei- neren Bliiten und langeren Infloreszenzen unschwer zu erkennen.
394 318
Tylophora R. Br.
5. T. asthmatica (Willd.) Wight et Arn.; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. IV. 45; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 133. Koh Kahdat, littoral zone (no. 570).
Area: India, Burma, Malay Archipelago. 6. 1. Sehmidtii Schltr. in Fedde: Repert. sp. nov. 3: 315, 1907.
Gracillima, flexuosa, alte scandens; ramis filiformibus, teretibus gla- bris, laxe foliatis; foliis patentibus patulisve, oblongo-lanceolatis acumi- natis, nervo medio marginibusque tenuissime ciliatis, caeterum glabris, 9—3 em. longis, medio fere 0,8—1 cm. latis, petiolo semitereti minute puberulo, c. 0,5 em. longo; cymis gracillimis perlaxis, ramosis, folia multo excedentibus, ramis divaricatis; floribus illis T. tenuis Bl. fere aequimag- nis, ut videtur violaceis; pedicellis filiformibus, c. 2 cm. longis, glabris; calycis segmentis lanceolatis acutis, 0,1 cm. longis, pilis sparsis ornatis ; corollae rotatae alte 5-fidae lobis oblongis obtusis, 0,2 cm. longis, medio vix 0,1 cm. latis; coronae foliolis abbreviatis, gynostegio duplo brevioribus, carnosulis, triangulis obtusis; antheris subquadratis, appendice hyalino ro- tundato obtusissimo, in stigmatis caput impresso; polliniis minutissimis oblongis utrinque obtusis, translatoribus brevibus, retinaculo rotundato- oblongo polliniis bene majore; stigmatis capite depresso.
Klong Sarlakpet, scandent at river-bank (no. 727).
Eine sehr zierliche Art, welche an Yylophora tenuis Bl. erinnert. Sie ist gekennzeichnet durch die breiten einander sich fest beriihrenden, kurzen Coronaschuppen und die im Verhaltnis zu den Pollinien auffallend groszen Klemmkérper.
Hoya R. Br.
7. H. parasitica (Roxb.) Wall.; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. IV. 57; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 134. Lem Dan, mangrove, on Bruguiera (no. 138).
Area: India, Burma, Malay Peninsula.
8. H. sp.
A specimen (no. 168) was collected in the littoral jungle N. of Lem Dan, growing epiphytically on Heptapleurum venulosum (W. et A.) Seem.; another on rocks at Klong Majum (no. 607 b).
319 395
Various families. Determined by C. H. Ostenfeld, Copenhagen.
Liliaceae.
Peliosanthes Andr.
1. P. violacea Wall.; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. VI. 266. On rocks at Klong Majum (no. 607). :
Area: Eastern Himalaya, Burma.
Dracaena L.
2.2? PD. Helferiana Wall.; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. VI. 330. Lem Dan (no. 202).
Area: Burma.
Cordyline Commers.
3. ¢. terminalis Kunth, var. ferrea (L.) Bak.; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. VI. 331. Lem Dan (no. 317).
Area: India to Malacca and eastwards to Polynesia.
Gloriosa L.
4, @. superba L.; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. VI. 358. Lem Negob, in the jungle (no. 52). Area: India to Ceylon and Malacca, Indo-China, tropical Africa.
Araliaceae.
Heptapleurum. Gaerin.
I. venulosum (W. et A.) Seem.; Clarke in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. If. 729. Jungle in the littoral zone, Lem Dan (no. 77 and 165), Koh Saket (no. 343), Koh Kahdat (no. 814).
Area: Subtropical and tropical Asia to tropical Australia.
Basellaceae.
Basella L.
B. alba L.; B. rubra L.; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. V. 20. Klong Sarlakpet (no. 739 bis).
Area: Tropical Asia and Africa.
396 320
Amarantaceae.
Achyranthes L.
A. aspera L. Lem Ngob (no. 39); a weed.
Area: Tropics.
Piperaceae. Piper L.
1. P. nigrum L.; Hook. FI. Br. Ind. V. 90. Cultivated at Lem Dan (no. 216).
Area: A native of India, widely cultivated in the tropics.
2. P. sp. Without locality (no. 868).
Peperomia L.
3. P. pellucida (L.) Kunth. Lem Dan (no. 483).
Area: Tropical America and Africa. No doubt introduced in Siam,
Casuarinaceae.
Casuarina Forst.
€. equisetifolia Forst.; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. V. 598. Sandy sea-shore at Klong Prao (no. 892) and Koh Kahdat (no. 322).
Area: India, Malaya, Australia, Polynesia.
321 397
Various families. Determined by O. Warburg, Berlin.
Capparidaceae.
Pedicellaria Schrank.
1. P. (Gynandropsis) pentaphylla (D. C.) Schrank; Gynandropsis pentaphylla D.C. Prodr. I. 238; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. I. 171; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam IL.
Klong Sarlakpet (no. 869).
Area: Common in Tropics.
Crataeva Linné.
2. (C.Roxburghii R. Br.; C. religiosa var. 2. Roxburghti Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. [. 172. Jungle near Lem Dan (no. 593).
Area: India.
Capparis Linné. 8. €. micracantha D.C.; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. I. 179; Craib, Contr. Fl.
Siam 12. Koh Saket (no. 339).
Area: Burma, Cambodia, Malaya, Philippines.
4. (. sepiaria L.; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. I. 177; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 12. Koh Lam, sandy sea-shore (no. 871).
Area: India, Malaya. Philippines,
Aizoaceae.
Sesuvium Linné.
1. §. portulacastrum L.; Clarke in Hook. FI. Br. Ind. Il. 659. Sandy sea-shore at Klung opposite Koh Chick (no. 380).
Area: Tropical and subtropical sea-shores.
Mollugo Linné.
2. M. stricta L.; Clarke in Hook. FI. Br. Ind. II. 663. Edge of jungle near Lem Dan (no. 285).
Area: Japan, China, India to Malacca, Fiji.
398 322
Portulacaceae. Portulaca L.
P. oleracea L.; Dyer in Hook. FI]. Br. Ind. I. 246; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 15. Lem Dan (no. 22 and 817).
Area: All warm countries.
Malvaceae. Sida Linné. 1. S. acuta Burm.; Craib, Contr. Fl). Siam 20; S. carpinifolia L.; Masters in Hook. FI. Br. Ind. J. 323. Lem Ngob, edge of jungle (no. 32). Area: S.E. Asia.
2. §. rhombifolia L.; Masters in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. I. 323. Plains near Lem Dan (no. 203).
Area: Tropics of both hemispheres.
Abutilon Gaertn.
3. A. indicus Don, Gen. Syst. I. 504; Masters in Hook. FI. Br. Ind. I. 326; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 21.
Plains near Lem Dan (no. 304). Lem Ngob, edge of jungle (no. 49). Area: Tropics, -
Urena Linné.
4, U. lobata L.; Masters in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. I. 329. Plains near Lem Dan (no. 156).
Area: Tropics.
Hibiscus Medik.
5. HL. surattensis L.; Masters in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. I. 334; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 23.
Mainland opposite Koh Kong, on sandy soil (no. 358). Area: Tropics of Asia, Australia and Africa.
6. H. rosa sinensis L.; Masters in Hook. FI. Br. Ind. I. 344; Craib,
Contr. Fl. Siam 22. Rather commonly cultivated, Lem Dan (no. 310).
Area: Tropics, often cultivated.
7. H. tiliaceus L.; Masters in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. I. 343. Lem Dan, at sea-shore (no. 114), ‘ton baa” of the Siamese.
Area: Tropics of both hemispheres.
393 399
Abelmoschus Moench.
8. A. moschatus Moench; Wight, Ic. t. 399; Hibiscus Abelmoschus L. ; Masters in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. 1. 342; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 22. Lem Ngob, edge of jungle (no. 31).
Area: India, Cultivated in most tropical countries.
Thespesia Corr.
9. T. populnea Corr. Ann. Mus. IX. 290; Masters in Hook. FI. Br. Ind. J. 345; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 93.
Koh Chang, littoral jungle near Lem Dan (no. 181); Koh Kahdat, sandy sea-shore (no. 552 f).
Area: Tropical Africa, Asia and Polynesia.
Gossypium. Linné. 10. G. barbadense L.; Masters in Hook. FI. Br. Ind. I. 347. Plains near Lem Dan (no. 112).
Area: Cultivated in tropics and subtropics.
Bombaceae.
Ceiba Medic.
C. pentandra (L.) Gaertn.; Eriodendron anfractuosum DC.; Masters in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. I. 350.
Lem Dan (no. 113 and 886), generally cultivated, ‘‘ton noon” of the Siamese.
Area: Trop. America, Asia and Africa (?).
Sterculiaceae.
Helicteres Linné.
1. Il. spieata Colebr.; Masters in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. I. 366. Klong Majum (no. 91).
Area: From Sikkim to Penang, Malaya.
Pentapetes Linné.
2. P. phoenicea L.; Masters in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. I. 371. In the mangrove near Lem Dan (no. 739b).
Area: India.
Oxalidaceae.
Averrhoa L.
A. carambola L.; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. I. 439. Plains at Lem Dan (no. 407).
Area: India, a garden-plant. Native country unknown.
400 324
Rutaceae. Glycosmis Correa. ,
1. G. cochinchinensis (Lour.) Pierre, F]. Indo-Chine I. 653; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 32. G. pentaphylla Correa; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. 1. 499.
In the jungle, Klong Majum (no. 601), Klong Munsé (no. 468); Koh Kahdat (no. 872).
Area: India, Malaya, Australia. 2. G. sapindoides Lind].; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. I. 501.
Klung (mainland opposite Koh Chik) (no. 377); Koh Kahdat, sandy sea-shore (no. 547).
Area: Penang, Java.
Clausena Burm.
3. (. exeavata Burm. FI. Ind. 87; Hook. FI. Br. Ind. I. 504; Craib. Contr. Fl. Siam 33. Jungle near Lem Dan (no. 694).
Area: From E. Himalaya and Yunnan to Malaya and Philippines.
Citrus Linn.
4. €. medica L.; Hook. FI. Br. Ind. J. 514. Lem Dan (no. 508).
Area: India.
5. €. hystrix DC. Prodr. I. 539; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. I. 515. Islet N. of Koh Kahdat (no. 582 a).
Area: Khasia Mts.
Aegle Correa (det. C. H. OsTENFELD).
6. A. marmelos (L.) Correa; Hook. FI]. Br. Ind. I. 516; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 33. : Without locality.
Area: India, Assam, Java.
Rhamnaceae.
Zizyphus Juss.
1. Z. oenoplia (L.) Mill.; Lawson in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. I. 634; Craib, Contr. FI. Siam 40. Lem Ngob, edge of jungle (no. 10); plains at Lem Dan (no.
Area: Tropical Asia and Australia.
An indeterminable species of Zizyphus was growing in the jungle at Lem Dan (no. 533), a very tall tree.
Colubrina Rich.
2. @ asiatiea (Lam.) Brongn.; Lawson in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. I. 642; Craib, Contr. F]. Siam 40.
325 AO1
Koh Kahdat in the littoral jungle (no. 805) and on sandy sea-shore (no. 549 and 560a).
Area: Tropical Asia, Australia and Africa.
Onagraceae.
Jussiaea L.
J. suffruticosa L.; Clarke in Hook. FI. Br. Ind. II. 587; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 91. Rice-field north of Lem Dan (no. 238).
Area: Tropics.
Caricaceae. Carica Linn.
C. papaya L.; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 93. Lem Dan, cultivated (no. 265).
Area: Cultivated throughout India.
Goodeniaceae.
Scaevola L.
S. Koenigii Vahl; Clarke in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. Ill. 421. Rocky sea-shore at Koh Kong (no. 352); Cape Liant (no. 832).
Area: Tropical E, Asia, Australia, Polynesia.
Plumbaginaceae.
Plumbago L.
P. zeylanica L.; Clarke in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. IJ. 480; Craib, Contr. F]. Siam 122. Plains at Lem Dan (no. 415).
Area: Tropics. Pedaliaceae. Sesamum L.
S. indicum DC.; Clarke in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. IV. 387; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 151. Klong Sarlakpet (no. 734), a weed.
Area: Tropics, often cultivated.
Flagellariaceae. Flagellaria L.
F. indica L.; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. VIL 391. Klong Prao, river-bank (no. 713).
Area: Tropical Asia and Africa. 26
402 326
Various families. Determined by W. G. Craib, Kew.
Anonaceae. Artabotrys R. Brown.
1. A. Harmandii Finet et Gagnepain, Bull. Soc. France LILI, Mém. IV. 102 (1906), var. folits parum majoribus. Klong Son, in the jungle (no. 638).
Area: Cambodia.
Polyalthia Blume.
2. P. suberosa (Roxb.) Benth. et Hook. f., Fl. Br. Ind. I. 65. Klung, dry jungle (no. 371).
Area: India, Ceylon, Burma, Java.
3. P. sp. (vel forsan Disepalium sp.) Klong Majum, tall tree in the jungle (no. 602).
Anaxagorea, St. Hilaire.
4, A. lusonensis A. Gray, Hook. FI. Br. Ind. I. 68. Koh Kahdat (no. 552).
Area: Ceylon, Andamans, Burma, Malacca, Philippines.
Melodorum Dunal.
5. M. latifolinm (Bl.) Dunal; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. I. 79. Plains at Lem Dan (no. 218).
Area: Malacca, Malaya, Philippines.
Sageraea Dalz.
6. S. elliptica Hook. f. et Th., Fl. nd. I. 93; Bocagea elliptica Hook. FI. Br. Ind. I. 92. Jungle at Lem Dan (no. 459 and 532b).
Area: Burma to Malacca.
7. Uvaria sp. Jungle at Klong Munsé (no. 587).
Menispermaceae. Tiliacora Colebr.
{. 1. triandra (Roxb.) Diels; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 9; Limacia triandra Miers, Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. I. 100.
397 403
Plains near Lem Dan (no. 500); jungle at Klong Munsé (no. 472); plains at Klong Son (no. 656 a).
Area: Indo-China-Malay Peninsula.
Cocculus DC.
2. (€. sarmentosus Diels in Engl. Pflanzenreich, Menisperm. 233; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 10.
Sandy sea-shore at Lem Ngob (no. 364) and Koh Kahdat (no. 555).
Area: E, Asia, Mascarene Isl.
3. Tinospora sp.; conf. V. A. Poulsen in Vid. Medd. Naturh. For. 1902, 235 (det. V. A. Poulsen).
Lem Dan, liana in the jungle.
4. FB. sp. Koh Kahdat, jungle (no. 564).
Violaceae.
Alsodeia sp. forsan sp. nov., sed floribus deficientibus. A smaller tree growing at Klong Majum (no. 6194).
Guttiferae.
Garcinia Linné. 1. G Hanburyi Hook. f., Journ. Linn. Soc. XIV. 485. Jungle at Lem Dan (no. 438), “ton rong” of the Siamese. Area: Malaya. 2. G. Loureiri Pierre, F], For. Cochinchine t. 66. Jungle at Lem Dan (no. 624). Area: Cochinchina.
3. G. merguensis Wight; Anders. in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. I. 267; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 16.
Klong Majum, on rocks at river-bank (no. 613).
Area: Burma, Malacea, Cambodia.
4, @. nigro-lineata Planch.; Anders. in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. I. 263. Jungle at Klong Majum (no. 599) and Klong Son (no. 647a).
Area: Malacca.
Calophyllum Linné. 5. ¢€ inophyllum L.; Anders. in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. I. 273; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 16. Koh Kahdat, sandy shore (no. 546).
Area: China, India, Indo-China, Malaya. eh fs 6
404 328
6. €. saigonense Pierre, Fl. For. Cochinchine t. 105. Jungle, alt. 1200 ft. (no. 668).
Area: Cochinchina.
7. C. sp. Jungle at Klong Munsé (no. 528) and Klong Majum (no. 603 a).
Ternstroemiaceae.
Ternstroemia Linné.
1. T. Wallichiana (Griff.); 7. penangiana Choisy; Dyer in Hook. FI). Br. Ind. I. 281. Jungle at Lem Dan (no. 523), and at Klong Majum (no. 615).
Area: Burma to Malacca, Java.
Adinandra Jack.
2. A. integerrima (Wall.) T. Anders. et Dyer in Hook. FI. Br. Ind. I. 982; Craib, Contr. F)]. Siam 17. Klong Majum, river-bank in jungle (no. 617).
Area: Yunnan, Cambodia, Malay Peninsula.
Eurya Thunbg.
3. E. japonica Thbg. var. nitida Korth.; Dyer in Hook. FI. Br. Ind. L. 17; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 17.
Plains at Lem Dan (no. 292); jungle at Klong Majum (no. 601a and 616b), at Klung Munsé (no. 836).
Area: India, Indo-China, Malay Archipelago.
Schima Reinw.
4, §. Noronhae Reinw. et BI. Bijdr. 130. Jungle near Klong Munsé (no. 66); Klong Sarlakpet (870).
Area: Malaya. Meliaceae.
Chisocheton Blume.
1. €. divergens Bl. var. robusta Valeton; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 36. Jungle at Lem Dan (no. 478).
Area of the species: Java; the variety was introduced to Buitenzorg Gardens from Siam.
Aglaia Lour.
2. A. odorata Lour.; Hiern in Hook. FI. Br. Ind. I. 554; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 86. .
Koh Kahdat, sandy sea-shore (no. 559) and jungle (no. 810). No. 875 from the same island is perhaps the same.
Area: China to Malaya, often cultivated.
329 405
Walsura Roxb.
3. W. robusta Roxb., Hiern in Hook. FI. Br. Ind. I. 565; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 36.
Lem Dan (no. 833). Area: Indo-China.
Xylocarpus Koenig (det. Jons. Scumpr).
4. X. granatum Koenig; Johs. Schmidt, Bot. Tidsskr. XXVI; 68; Carapa moluccensis Roemer; Hiern in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. I. 567. Mangrove of Lem Ngob (no. 36). Common in the mangroves.
Area: Mangroves of tropical Africa, Asia and Australia.
5. X. obovatus (Bl.) A. Juss. Mém. Mus. Paris XIX. 244; Harms in
Engler u. Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. IIl*. 278 f. 157; Johs. Schmidt, Bot. Tidsskr. XXVI, 68.
With the mangroves; seems to be less common than the preceding. Area: As the preceding.
Olacaceae. Ximenia Linné. 1. X. americana Willd., Masters in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. I. 574. Koh Kahdat, littoral jungle (no. 575).
Area: Tropical America, Africa and Asia.
Olax Linné.
2. 0. scandens Roxb.; Masters in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. I. 575; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 37. Forma nervis paulo conspicioribus. Koh Saket, littoral zone (no. 342),
Area: China, India, Burma, Java.
3. Opilia? sp. ; Klong Prao, river-bank (no. 711).
4. Gonocaryum sp. Klong Son, river-bank (no. 686).
Ampelidaceae (Vitaceae).
Cissus Linné.
1. ©. discolor Bl. Bijdr. 181; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 42; Vitis dis- color Dalz.; Lawson in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. |. 647. Jungle at Klong Son (no. 647).
Area: India, Assam to Malaya.
406 330
Ampelocissus Planchon.
Q. A, arachnoidea (Hassk.) Planchon in DC. Mon. V. 375. Koh Chang Noi, sandy sea-shore (no. 698).
Area: Java.
3. A. polythyrsa (Mig.) Gagnep. in Lecomte, Fl. gén. de I’Indo-Chine I. 990? Jungle at Klong Munsé (no. 396).
Area: Indo-China, Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo.
Leea Linné.
4. I, sambueina Willd.; Lawson in Hook. FI. Br. Ind. I. 667. Edge of jungle at Lem Dan (no. 388); river-bank at Klong Son (no. 636).
Area: Tropical Asia from China to Australia.
5. Tetrastigma sp. Liana in jungle near Lem Dan (no. 409); Koh Kahdat (no. 579f).
Anacardiaceae. Mangifera Linné.
1. M. siamensis, Warbg. mss., sp. nov., M. veba, Pierre facie similis sed foliis acumine graciliore instructis distinguenda.
Ramuli primo puberuli, mox glabri, angulati, cortice stramineo vel fusco-stramineo pauci-lenticellato obtecti. Folia lanceolata ad oblonga, apice acute acuminata, basi cuneata, 11—19 cm. longa, 2,9—5,1 cm. lata, co- riacea, glabra, nervis lateralibus utrinque 16—22 supra conspicuis subtus prominentibus, nervulis supra conspicuis subtus uti reticulatione prominulis, margine recurva, petiolo ad 2,7 cm. longo suffulta. Paniculae sessiles, ad 14 em. longae, rhachi ramulisque fuscis parcius puberulis; bracteae 1,5 mm. longae, acutae. Sepala 2 mm. longa, 1,5 mm. lata, dorso parce breviter pubescentia. Petala quinque, oblonga vel oblongo-lanceolata, 2,75 mm. longa, 1,5 mm. lata, jugis tribus basi confluentibus apice haud excurrenti- bus. Stamen solitarium, filamento vix’! mm. longo, anthera vix 0,75 mm. longa. Discus conspicuus, 5-lobatus, minute arcteque tnberculatus. Ovarium 0,75 mm. altum, glabrum, stylo 1,5 mm. longo. (Craib descripsit.)
Koh Chang, Klung, Schmidt, 374! Fruits edible; perhaps cultivated.
This proposed new species is very close indeed as regards habit to M. reba but unfortunately the writer has found no description of that species. From M. indica, to some of the forms of which it is rather similar, it differs in the solitary stamen and the entire absence of stami- nodes. .
Buchanania Roxb.
2. B. florida Schauer, Nova Acta XIX, Suppl. I. 481. Jungle at Lem Dan (no. 526 and 623 a).
Area: Malaya.
331 407
Odina Roxb.
3. 0. Wodier Roxb., Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. Il. 29; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 48. Plains at Lem Dan (no. 297); N. end of Koh Chang on rocks (no. 628).
Area: India, Burma, Malaya.
Myrtaceae. Melaleuca Linné.
1. M. leucadendron L.; Duthie in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. Il. 465. Klong Son, near the sea (no, 658). “ton samit” of the Siamese.
Area: Burma-Malay Islands, Australia.
Psidium Linné.
2. P. guayava L.; Duthie in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. Il. 468; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 84.
Lem Dan, cultivated (no. 386 and 623 e), Area: Naturalised throughout India and Indo-China.
Eugenia Linné.
3. E. cymosa Lam.; Duthie in Hook. FI. Br. Ind. IL. 482; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 84. Jungle at Lem Dan (no. 419); Nipple, alt. 2000 ft. (no. 669).
Area: Assam, Burma, Malaya.
4, HE. grandis Wight, Ill. I]. 17; Duthie in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. I. 475. Jungle at Klong Munsé (no. 418).
Area: From Himalaya to Malaya.
5. E. grata Wight; Duthie in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. Il. 486; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 84,
Littoral at Lem Dan (no. 263); Klong Sarlakpet, inner edge of man- grove (no. 726e).
Area: From Assam (China?) to Malaya.
6. E. javanica Lam.; Duthie in Hook. FI. Br. Ind. II. 474.
Klung (no. 373).
Area: Malacca, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Malaya.
7. E. lineata (B).) Duthie in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. II. 487. Myrtaus lineatus Bl.
Jungle at Klong Munsé (no. 293 and 591a); Klong Son, river-bank in jungle (no, 822).
Area: Malacca, Penang, Malaya.
8. E. oblata Roxb.; Duthie in Hook. FI. Br. Ind, Il. 492: Craib, Contr.
Fl. Siam 85. ; River-bank near Lem Dan (no. 255); plains at Lem Dan (no. 410).
Area: Assam to Malay Peninsula.
408 332
9. BE, operculata Roxb.; Duthie in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. Il. 498. Jungle at Klong Munsé, river-bank (no. 588).
Area: S. China, India, Indo-China and Malaya.
10. E. polyantha Wight; Duthie in Hook. FI. Br. Ind. If. 496. Klong Son, river-bank in jungle (no. 691 e).
Area: Burma, Java.
11. E. siamensis Craib, Kew Bull. 1912: 153, Contr. FI. Siam 85. Jungle at Klong Munsé (no. 391, 445, 593); Klong Majum, near outlet (no. 614).
Area: Siam,
12. E. sp. near E. xanthocarpa Thw. Koh Chang Noi (no. 698 d).
Barringtonia Forst.
13. B. serrata Mig. F]. Ind. Bat. I. 488. Plains at Lem Dan (no. 187).
Area: Java.
14. B. sp. conf. B. angusta Kurz. S.'W. of Sarlak (no. 726 b).
15. B. Schmidtii, Warbg. mss., ramulis junioribus rhachique spicarum longarum ferrugineo- vel brunneo-ferrugineo-tomentosis distinguenda.
Ramuli primo densius ferrugineo- vel brunneo-ferrugineo-tomentelli, mox puberuli, dein omnino glabri. Folia oblanceolata vel obovato-oblan- ceolata, apice acute acuminata, basi in petiolum attenuata, 8—17 cm. longa, 2,8—6 cm. lata, chartacea, glabra, subtus pallidiora, nervis lateralibus utringue 12—14 supra conspicuis subtus prominentibus, nervulis supra conspicuis subtus prominulis, serrulata, petiolo ad 7 mm. longo suffulta. Spicae ad 42 cm. longae, pedunculo communi vix 2 em. longo ut rhachi ramulisque juvenilibus tomentoso suffultae; bracteae mox reflexae, circiter 4mm. longae, dorso ut rhachis tomentosae. Receptaculum 2 mm. altum, apice vix 3 mm. diametro, indumento ut in rhachi tectum. Calycis segmenta 2 mm. longa, 2,75 mm. lata, imbricata, pilis brevibus crassius- culis ciliata, intra glabra. Petala circiter 4 mm. longa et 4,5 mm. lata, ciliolata. Filamenta inferne connata. (Craib descripsit).
Koh Chang, plains at Lem Dan, Schmidt, 186 (Type!), 110; 689a (specimina sterilia, foliis usque ad 24 cm. longis et 10,3 cm. latis); 29 (verosim. varietas tantum B. Schmidtii, foliis floribusque paulo majoribus).
Cordiaceae. Cordia L.
C. subcordata Lam.; Clarke in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. IV. 140; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 128. Sandy sea-shore on Koh Kahdat (no. 543).
Area: Tropical Asia, Australia and E. Africa.
333 409
Ebenaceae. Maba, J. R. et G. Forst. 1. M. buxifolia Pers.; Clarke in Hook. FI. Br. Ind. Hl. 551; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 125. Outlet of Koh Majum (no. 536).
Area: S. E. Asia, Australia, Tropical Africa.
Diospyros Linné.
2. D. Schmidtii, Craib, sp. n., calyce fructescente parvo quadrato distinguenda.
Ramuli primo adpresse ferrugineo-pubescentes, mox glabri, cortice fusco vel brunneo obtecti. Folia lanceolata vel angustius oblonga, apice obtuse acuminata, basi cuneata vel late cuneata, ad 13,5 cm. longa et 4,4 em. lata, coriacea vel tenuiter coriacea, pagina inferiore pilis brunneis inconspicuis adpressis hic illic sed costa densius instructa, superiore glabra, nervis lateralibus utrinque circiter 10 intra marginem anastomosantibus supra subconspicuis vel fere obscuris subtus plerumque prominulis sed interdum subobscuris, costa supra immersa, petiolo ad 1,3 cm. longo supra canaliculato suffulta. Fi. d‘: Calyx 3,5 mm. longus, extra parce adpresse ferrugineo-pubescens, lobis deltoideis acutiusculis vix 2 mm. longis. Corolla extra ima basi excepta breviter adpresse ferrugineo-pubescens ; tubus 11 mm. longus; lobi 4, late lanceolati, acuti, 7 mm. longi, 4 mm. lati. Stamina 12, glabra, antheris acuminatis. Fructus 2,3 cm. altus, 2,8 cm. diametro, 8-locularis, calyce plano quadrato 9 mm. lato adpresse ferrugineo-pubescente.
Jungle near Lem Dan (no. 522, 3; 532a, 9); Klong Majum (no. 874, 3; 607 c, dH).
3. D. sp. forsan nova. River-bank in jungle near Lem Dan (no. 592).
Sapotaceae.
Sideroxylon L.
1. 8. ferrugineum Hook. et Arn.; Clarke in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. III. 537. Jungle at Klong Majum (no. 619 c) and Klong Prao (no. 718);. littoral jungle on Koh Kahdat (no. 574); islet off Koh Kahdat (no. 584).
Area: Tropical Asia, Seychelles.
Gesneraceae. Boea sp. On rocks in the jungle (no. 676); also at Klong Majum.
Pandanaceae. Pandanus L.
P. similis Craib, Kew Bull. 1912: 417. Very common in the ground in the jungle (no. 287).
Area: Siam.
410 334
Various families.
Determined by different botanists.
Dilleniaceae. Dillenia Linné (det. O. Warburg).
1. D. aurea Sm. Hook. FI. Br. Ind. I. 37. Jungle at Lem Dan (no. 417); Klong Son (no. 648) “ton mesan” of the Siamese.
Area: India, Indo-China, Java, Borneo.
Tetracera Linné (det. Craib).
2. T. sarmentosa (L.) Willd.; Delima sarmentosa L.; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. 1. 31. S.W. of Sarlak (no. 724).
Area: Assam to Singapore, Eastern Archipelago (?).
Bixaceae. Bixa L. (det. Warburg).
1. B. orellana L.; Hook. FI. Br. Ind. I. 190; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 13. Cultivated at Lem Dan (no. 873).
Area: Generally cultivated in the tropics.
Scolopia Schreber (det. Craib).
2. §. chinensis Clos, Ann. sc: nat. ser. 4. VIL. 249; S. crenata part. Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. [. 191. Plains of Lem Dan (no. 488).
Area: China, India.
Hypericaceae.
Cratoxylon Blume.
1. @ polyanthum Korth.; Dyer in Hook. FI. Br. Ind. I. 257; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 15. Klong Sarlakpet (no. 735). (det. Warburg).
Area: China, Indo-China, Malaya, Philippines.
2. €. formosum Benth. et Hook. f.; Dyer in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. I. 258. Koh Chang Noi (no. 696). (det. C. B. Clarke).
Area: Malacca, Borneo, Philippines.
335 AL1
Tiliaceae.
Grewia Linné (det. S.R. Drummond, Kew).
1. G. microcos L. Syst. (ed. 12) vol. I. 602 (1767)!; Masters in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. I. 392; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 28. S.W. of Sarlak (no. 723).
Area: China, Indo-China, Malaya.
Triumfetta Linné.
2. T. rhomboidea Jacquin; Masters in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. I. 395. Plains at Lem Dan (no. 242). (det. C. B. Glarke).
Area: China, India, Malaya, Tropical Africa,
3. T. semitriloba L.; Masters in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. lL. 396. Rayong, sandy sea-shore (no. 885). (det. Warburg).
Area: Tropics.
Simarubaceae. Eurycoma Jack (det. Craib).
1. KE. longifelia Jack. Bennett in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. [. 521; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 34. Jungle at Lem Dan (no. 509); N. End, on rocks at the sea (no. 628b).
Area: Burma, Malaya, Philippines.
Brucea Mill. (det. O. Warburg).
2. B. sumatrana Roxb.; Bennett in Hook. FI). Br. Ind. I. 521; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 34. Plains at Lem Dan (no. 28, 164 and 185).
Area: S. China, India, Burma, Malaya.
Irvingia Hook. f. (det. Craib).
3. [. Olivieri Pierre, Fl. for. Cochinchine t. 263 B. Jungle at Klong Munsé (no. 614 a and- 842).
Area: Annam.
Hippocrateaceae.
Salacia L.
i. 8. prinoides (Willd.) D.C.; Lawson in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. I. 626; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 40. Littoral N. of Lem Dan (no. 174). (det. Th. Loesener).
Area: India, Burma, Malaya.
2. §. sp. (det. Craib). A shrub in the jungle near Lem Dan (no..144 and 466).
412 336
Connaraceae.
Connarus Linné.
1. ©. semidecandrus Jack; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. If. 52, vel sp. affinis (det. E. Gilg). Edge of jungle at Klong Munsé (no, 487).
Area (C. semidecandrus): Burma, Penang. 2. €. quocensis Pierre, Fl. Cochinch. t. 877 A. Plains at Klong Son (no. 828) (det. Craib).
Area: Cochinchina.
Rosaceae. Rubus L. (det. R. A. Rolfe, Kew).
R. angulosus Focke, Bibl. Bot. LXXII (1909). 90. Plains at Klong Munsé (no. 233 and 450).
Area: Malay Peninsula and Islands.
Cucurbitaceae.
Trichosanthes Linné (det. Craib).
1. T. cucumerina L., Clarke in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. Il 609; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 93. Jungle at Klong Prao (no. 718 b).
Area: India, Malaya, N. Australia.
Benincasa Savi (det. Warburg).
2. B. hispida (Thunbg.) Cogn. in D.C. Monogr. Phaner. Ill. 513. B. cerifera Savi, Fl. Br. Ind. Il. 616. Jungle near Lem Dan (no. 436).
Area: Tropical Asia and Africa; cultivated.
Oleaceae.
Jasminum L.
1. J. sambae (L.) Ait.; Clarke in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. I. 591. Mainland opposite Koh Kong; cultivated (no. 330) (det. Warburg).
Area: Cultivated in the tropics of both hemispheres.
2. J. syringaefolium Wall.; Clarke in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. Ill. 595.
var. (det. Craib). Lem Ngob (no. 50).
Area: Assam, Burma.
337 413
Apocynaceae.
Rauwolfia Linné (det. Craib).
1. R. sumatrana Jack; var. vel sp. valde affinis. Koh Kahdat (no. 572 b).
Area of BR. swmatrana: Sumatra.
Cerbera Linné.
2. €. Odollam Gaertn.; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. III. 638; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 130.
In the jungles of the littoral zone, Lem Dan (no. 85) and N. end of Koh Chang (no. 629 a) (det. Stapf); on rocks at the sea (no. 353) (det. Craib).
Area: S.E. Asia, Australia.
Alstonia R. Br. (det. O. Warburg).
3. A. seholaris (L.) R. Br.; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. Ill. 642. Plains at Lem Dan (no. 290).
Area: Tropical Asia, Australia, Africa.
Ervatamia Stapf (det. O. Stapf).
4. KE. graciliflora (Wall.) Stapf; Tabernaemontana graciliflora Wall.; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. HI. 647. (Determination doubtful). Jungle at Klong Son (no. 675 b).
5. E. malaccensis (Hook. f.) Stapf; Tabernaemontana malaccensis.
Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. Ill. 649, vel species affinis. Plains at Klong Prao (no. 717 e); jungle at Klong Munsé (no. 811 a);
Koh Kahdat, jungle (no. 579 a).
Area: Malacca.
Parsonsia R. Br. (det. O. Stapf).
6. P. spiralis Wall.; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. III. 650. River-bank at Klong Prao (no. 713).
Area: Tropical Asia.
Aganosma Don (det. Craib). 7. A. marginata Don; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. Ill. 663. Craib, Contr.
Fl. Siam 131. forma aff. A. macrocarpae Wall. Cat. Klung (no. 375); Plains at Lem Dan (no. 719 b).
Area: S.E, Asia.
Strophanthus D.C. (det. O. Stapf).
8. §. Wallichii D. C.; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. III. 655. Jungle at Klong Son (no. 639).
Area: Assam, Burma.
414 338
Solanaceae.
Solanum L. (det. U. Dammer).
1. §. torvuam Sw.; Clarke in FI). Br. Ind. IV. 234; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 143. Plains at Lem Dan (no. 111 and 389).
Area: Widely spread in tropical and subtropical countries.
2. \S. trilobatum L.; Clarke in FI. Br. Ind. IV. 236, var. tomentosum. Koh Chick, on rocks at sea-shore (no. 268).
Area: S, India, Malay Peninsula.
Physalis L. (det. O. Warburg).
3. P. minima L.; Clarke in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. IV. 238. A weed in banana-plantations near Lem Dan (no. 519).
Area: Tropics.
Capsicum L. (det. O. Warburg).
4. @ annuum L. Outlet of Klong near Lem Dan (no. 274); also cultivated.
Area: Tropics.
Datura L. (det. O. Warburg).
5. D. alba Nees; D. fastwosa var. alba Clarke in Hook. FI. Br. Ind. IV. 243. Sandy sea-shore at Klong Prao (no. 700).
Area: Tropics.
Nyctaginiaceae. Pisonia L.
1. P. aculeata L.; Hook. F). Br. Ind. IV. 711 (det. Warburg). Koh Kahdat, sandy sea-shore (no. 558 and 804).
Area: Tropics.
2. P. exeelsa Bl.; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. IV. 711 (det. Craib). Koh Kahdat (no. 551).
Area: Malaya, Andaman Islands.
Myristicaceae. Knema Lour,
1. K. conferta (King) Warbg. Nova Acta LXVIII. 578; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 176.
var. (det. Craib). River-bank at Klong Son (no. 690).
Area (K. conferta): Malaya, Tonkin.
339 Ald
2. K. glauca (Bl.) Warbg. Nova Acta LXVIII. 594 (det. Ostenfeld). Islet near Koh Kahdat (no. 581).
Area: Malay Peninsula, Java, Sumatra, Andamans and Nicobars.
3. K. missionis (Wall.) Warbg. Nova Acta LXVIII. 602 (det. Osten- feld).
Jungle near Lem Dan (no. 516 and 831); jungle at Klong Sarlakpet (no. 880).
Area: Malay Peninsula, Borneo.
4. ? Horsfieldia glabra (Bl.) Warb. Specimen mancum, flores desunt (det. Ostenfeld).
Plains near Lem Dan (no. 300).
Lauraceae. Cinnamomum L. (det. C. H. Ostenfeld).
1. @. iners Reinw.; Hook. FI. Br. Ind. V. 130; Craib, Contr. FI. Siam 176.
Jungle near Lem Dan (no. 489). Area: Burma, Malaya.
Hernandia (det. Craib).
2. H. ovigera L. Without locality (no. 882).
Area: West-Indies.
Cassytha L. (det. O. Warburg).
3. 6. filiformis L.; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. V. 188; Craib, Contr. FI. Siam 177. Mainland opposite of-Koh Chick (no. 378).
Area: Tropical Africa, Asia, Australia.
Litsea Lam. (det. Craib).
4, I. sp. an L. polyantha? Juss. Fl. Br. Ind. V. 162; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 176. Jungle near Lem Dan (no. 518).
Area of L. polyantha: N. India, Honkong, Assam, Burma, Malay Peninsula.
Another(?) species of Litsea was found in Koh Kahdat (no. 579 e); the material is unfortunately insufficient for a sure determination.
416 340
Filices. Revised by Carl Christensen — Copenhagen.
While preparing Part X of the Flora of Koh Chang I found, on sorting the material, that several of the ferns collected by Dr. Johs. Schmidt, and determined by Dr. H. Christ in 1900 and published in Part III of the Flora (Bot. Tidsskr. 24: 102—113), were apparently incorrectly named. I therefore undertook a thorough revision of the determinations, and the result was somewhat sur- prising. On my informing Dr. Schmidt of this he asked me to prepare a revised list of the ferns of Koh Chang. In the following list, all the ferns collected are enumerated, with the numbers of the speci- mens added (these being unfortunately omitted in the first parts of the Flora of Koh Chang). I have throughout referred to Christ’s list, where informations of localities, area of the species, etc. can be found. I use of course the nomenclature of my Index Filicum; as will be seen, it differs greatly from that followed by. Christ 15 years ago.
1. Trichomanes sublimbatum K. Mill.; C. Chr. Ind. 650; Microgonium sublimbatum v. d. B. Hym. Jav. 6 t.2; Trichomanes muscoides Christ, Bot. Tidsskr. 24. 104.
Klong Son (no. 769).
Area: Malaya, Assam. An Asiatic representative of the American T. hymenoides Hedw. (T. muscoides Sv.). :
2. T. javanicum BI.; Christ 1. c. 103.
Not the true 7. javanicum, but a variety or subspecies closely allied to T. rhomboideum J.Sm.; Cephalomanes rhomboideum v. d. B. Hym. Jav. 33 t. 24.
Klong Munsé (no. 133, 774, 778).
3. T. bipunctatum Poir., C. Chr. Ind. 636; ZT. filicula Bory, non Christ 1. ce. T. pysxidiferum Christ, 1. c. (non L.).
A form with narrow, lanceolate fronds; spurious vein rather close to the margin, continuous, rather obscure. Resembles in habit not a little T. humile Forst., but it is evidently a form of the variable 7. bipunctatum; very different from T. pyaxidiferum L.
Klong Sarlakpet, on rocks in the jungle (no. 803).
Area: Tropical Africa, Australia, Polynesia and Asia, northwards to Japan and Corea.
341 417
4. T. bilabiatum Nees et BI.; C. Chr. Ind. 636. 7. Filicula Christ, l.c.
Differs from T. bipunctatum by its short-stalked, broad, deltoid fronds and by the presence of short spurious veins in the cell-tissue within the marginal spurious vein. The form collected is small, with few spurious veins.
Klong Son, epiphytic on trees (no. 768).
Area: Malaya, Melanesia.
5. T. siamense Christ, 1. c.
Klong Munsé (no. 401).
Christ incorrectly makes this a subspecies of J. rigidum Sw.; it resembles that species by its tufted fronds, rigid texture and brown colour, but otherwise it is very different, e. g. its rachis being distinctly winged throughout. Christ's description is somewhat inadequate. The lobes are not finely denticulate, but entire, the sori not free, but fully immersed to the mouth in an anterior tertiary lobe, leaving only a narrow margin of the lobe free as a wing to the sorus. The erect, short, branched rhizome is clothed at the growing apex with numerous dark-brown, cylindrical, articulated hairs.
The affinity of this species is probably with 7. hispidulum Mett. from Malacca and Borneo.
To this species probably belong some small tufts of a little young fern found in the jungle on rocks near Klong Munsé (sine num.). It was determined by Christ as 7. nanum v. d. B., Ghrist, lc. = 7. Kurzii Bedd., GC. Chr. Ind. 643, ‘but this, belonging to the subgenus Hemiphlebium, has nothing to do with our plant. Unfortunately, the small plants are all sterile, but in many characters: the tufted fronds, the hairs, the colour and texture, etc., they resemble very much 7. siamense, of which I therefore consider them to be young plants.
(TZ. rigidum Sw.; Christ, 1. c. Specimens not found in the collection, the species must be excluded.)
6. Cibotium barometz (L.) J. Sm.; Christ, 1. c. 111, — (no. 619 e).
7. Alsophila glabra (BI.) Hook.; C. Chr. Ind. 43. Klong Munsé, river bed in the jungle (no. 594 d); a single sterile pinna only collected.
Area: Tropical Asia.
&. Alsophila kohchangensis n. sp.
A. podophylla Christ, 1. c. 111 (non Hook).
A, ex affinitate A.:‘glabrae (Bl.) Hook. vel subspecies hujus speciei caudice epigaeo breve vel subnullo. Stipite atropurpureo nitido, vix 10 cm. longo, 5—7 mm. crasso, superne late canaliculato, ad_ basin squamis luteo-brunneis parvis lanceolato-acuminatis non dense obtecto, sursum squamis sensim paucioribus et minoribus, anguste linearibus in- structo, pilis destituto, non muricato. Lamina ambitu late lanceolata vel elliptico-lanceolata, e medio utrinque attenuata, in siccitate brunnea (rachi atropurpurea), costis pinnarum supra ferrugineo-crispato-hirtulis exceptis omnino glabra, bipinnatifida vel subbipinnata. Pinnis supremis late adnatis, sursum decurrentibus confluentibusque, subintegris versus apicem abrupte
27
418 342
et breviter acuminatum serratis, sequentibus (versus basin Jaminae) sessili- bus, basi truncatis, alternis, oblongis, acuminatis, 6—10 cm. longis, 11/2— 2 cm. latis, lobatis vel ad medium pinnatifidis; lobis 5—6 mm. latis, apice rotundatis, dentatis, dentibus brevibus obtusis circiter 6—-8 pro lobo; pinnis medialibus maximis (maxima in specimine 20 cm. longa, medio 10 cm. lata), late lanceolatis, breviter petiolatis, utrinque e medio attenuatis, parte inferiore pinnatis (pinnulis liberis 2—3 jugis), parte mediali ad costam pinnatifidis, versus apicem abrupte attenuatis, lobatis; apice lobato (== tertia parte pinnae) pinnis superioribus lobatis simili; pinnulis liberis infimis 1—2 em. longis, obtusis, leviter serratis, sequentibus sensim majoribus; segmentis medialibus maximis, 5 cm. longis, 1,2 cm. latis, basiscopicis saepe quam acroscopicis longioribus, late adnatis vel decurrentibus vel confluentibus, pinnis supremis serratis similibus, marginibus infra subintegris versus apicem abrupte acuminatum serratis; pinnis inferioribus sensim reductis pinnatifidis vel lobatis vel serrulatis, petiolatis (petiolo 3—4 mm. longo), basi cordatis, infimis 2—3 cm. longis, 6—8 em. distantibus. Venis tertiariis distinctis, in pinnis lobatis indivisis, ca. 5-jugis, ad dentes in- trantibus, basali posteriore saepe e costa pinnae excurrente, anteriore e costula curvatim ad sinum inter lobos excurrente; venis tertiariis in pinnis pinnatifidis furcatis vel bifurcatis, soriferis. Soris parvis, medialibus; recepta- culo globoso, parvo.
Klong Munsé, river bed in the jungle (no. 720).
It is possible that this fern may be a very small form of A. glabra; the upper part of the leaf resembles very much the outer part of a pinna of that species, still I believe that it is specifically distinct. I am con- vinced that it is not identical with the South Chinese A. podophylla Hook., as Christ suggested. This is said to have black basal scales and a muricate stem. The rows of sori in A. kohchangensis are not shaped like an inverted V as in A. glabra, and its much reduced lower pinne and pinnulae are a character not mentioned in the descriptions of A. glabra and A. podophylla to which I have access. 4. dubia Bedd. is an allied species, but according to description and figure rather different. Cyathea Bonii Christ, referred by Christ himself to A. podophylla, is according to the description very near to our species, but Christ describes the pinne: e basi dilatata late lanceolatis.
9. Dryopteris sagenioides (Mett.) O. Ktze.; CG. Chr. Ind. 290; Aspi- dium sagenioides Christ, 1. c. 108, —- (no. 228).
10. D. setigera (Bl.) O. Ktze.; C. Chr. Ind. 292; Aspidiwm setigerum Christ, 1. c. 108 (no. 775).
This species, common from Japan through tropical Asia and Poly- nesia, has been collected fairly frequently in later years in South Brazil and adjacent countries. Probably it has been introduced there and escaped from gardens.
11. D. latipinna (Hook.) O. Ktze.; C. Chr. Ind. Suppl. 108. — Aspidium pennigerum Christ, 1. c. 109 (non BI. nec Bedd.). Klong Sarlakpet, — (no. 745 b).
343 419
The form collected is larger than the Chinese type (pinne 6 cm. long by 2 cm. broad), but in technical and minute characters not very different. From the following species it differs by its short but broad, little inciséd pinne, the lamina with a long pinnatifid apex, and the very short pubescence of both surfaces. Nephrodium pennigerum Bedd., now called D. indica v. A. v. R., to a variety of which: malayense Bedd. Christ referred our specimens, differs by having 5—8 pairs of anastomos- ing veins.
Another specimen collected at Klong Son (no. 771) I provisionally also refer to D. latipinna. It looks very different, in general habit much more like D. parasitica, from which it differs by its less cut pinne; in this character as in others (pubescence and the long pinnatifid apex of the lamina) it agrees with no. 745 b, but its pinne are narrower (1 cm. by 6 cm. long), more acuminate, and the under-surface is dotted with large red glands. It is not unlikely an undescribed species.
Area: China, Java(?).
12. D. parasitica (L.) O. Ktze.; C. Chr. Ind. 282 ex parte; Aspidium parasiticum Christ, 1. c. 109. (no. 771 bis).
The form collected certainly belongs to the collective species D. parasitica. It is a very hairy, didymosorous form that with approximate certainty can be identified with Nephrodium tectum (Wall.) Bedd. Handb. Suppl. 79, although the rhizome is short-creeping. Beddome refers to N. tectum his N. didymosorum Parish, Ferns br. Ind. t. 200 from Burma, which 1 have shown is apparently exactly the same form as the true D. parasitica from China (Arkiv for Bot. 9 no. 11: 26—28). I am not nearly so convinced that the Koh Chang form, like A. tectum Wall. from Singapore and Perak, is typical D. parasitica.
13. D. extensa (Bl.) O. Ktze.; C. Chr. Ind. 264; Aspidium extensum Christ, 1. c. 109, — (no. 627).
14. D. (Meniscium) triphylla (Sw.) GC. Chr. Ind. 298; Meniscium triphyllum Christ, 1. ¢. 109, — (no. 650, 777 part.).
15. Aspidium variolosum Wall.; Christ, 1. c. 108,—(no. 626 a, 772).
16. Polybotrya appendiculata (Willd.) J. Sm.; C. Chr. Ind. 503. var. marginata (BI). —- P. marginata Bl. Fl. Javae t.3.; P. appendi- culata Christ, 1. c. 109 cum var. Helferiana (Ktze.) Christ, 1. c.
Differs from the varieties recognized by Beddome by its naked rachis, which (in the sterile leaves) is margined on both sides by a green wing about 1 mm. broad. Some of the sterile leaves have a prolongated, root- ing apex.
Area (of variety): Java (Malaya ?).
17. Leptochilus heteroclitus (Pr.) C. Chr. Ind. 385. Klong Sarlakpet (no. 777 part; mixed with Dryopteris triphylla).
Area: Tropical and subtropical Asia; Melanesia. Q7*
420 344
18. L. sealpturatus (Fée) C. Chr. Ind. 387 (excl. syn. omnibus, Heteronevron scalpturatum Fée exceptum), var. undulatus var. nov. Gymnopteris costata var. undulata Christ, 1. ¢. 109, — (no. 891).
The nomenclature of certain species of Leptochilus § Heteronevron (Fée) is confused. In Ind. Fil. 387 I have identified Acrostichum costatum Wall. Gymnopteris costata Bedd. with Heteronevron scalpturatum Fée, Acrost. 95 t. 56, because Fée himself, although with doubt, referred A. costatum Wall. to his described and well illustrated species. A com- parison of Fée’s illustration (Acrost. t. 56) with specimens of A. costatum Wall. from Assam, leg. G. Mann, shows at once that we have here two widely different forms. The form illustrated by Fée is, according to authentical specimens examined by me, collected near Manila by Gaudichaud; it is in venation not materially different from <Acr. contaminans Wall. = Leptochilus virens C. Chr. Ind. 388, but it has broader and shorter sterile pinne with red veins, and much broader fertile pinnae. Acrost. virens Hook. et Grev. Ic. t. 221 has similar pinne, but the venation is very different, about as in A. costatum Wall.; A. crispatulum Wall., Clarke, Ferns of N. India t. 84 B, D, has often red veins, but its pinne are much narrower. I am inclined to believe that the following three species may be maintained.
Leptochilus costatus (Wall.) C. Chr. comb. nov.; Acrostichum costatum Wall.; Gymnopteris costata Bedd. etc. (see Ind. Fil. under L. scalpturatus), with var. Meniscium deltigerum Wall. —? Notho- chlaena undulata Wall.
North India.
L. virens C. Chr. Ind. 388. A. contaminans Wall.; Gym- nopteris contaminans Bedd.; A, crispatulum Clarke, Ferns N. Ind.
580 (an Wall.?; includes both A. contaminans Wall. and A. crispatulum Wall.).
South India, Ceylon, Birma. var. erispatula (Wall.) Clarke 1. c.; Bedd. Handb. Suppl. 105. Khasia Hills.
The specific name of this species I have not changed, although it is an open question, what A. virens Hook. et Grev. may be; probably it is a form allied to ZL. costatus. The proper name. of the species ‘is perhaps contaminans; still some other forms now referred to the present species have been described and illustrated before contaminans.
L. sealpturatus (Fée) C. Chr. Ind. 17, 387 part.; Heteronevron scalpturatum Fée, Acrost. 95 t. 94.
Philippines, Malaya, Siam.
In all three species a form oceurs, which is marked by its fertile pinne being sporangiferous along the margins only, leaving a broad disk in the centre of the pinne free of sporangia. The first of these forms was named Nothochlaena undulata by Wallich, and
345 421
came probably from Burma; it is by Beddome referred as a variety to L. costatus; it is, however, possible, that it should rightly be referred to L. sealpturatus. It was figured by Beddome, F. Br. Ind. t. 115.
A similar form of what I name ZL. virens is called var. pseud- undulata Clarke, Ferns N. Ind. 581.
The third form is that which Dr. Schmidt has collected in Siam and which beyond doubt is the same species as I here name L. scalpturatus. In all characters, the marginal soriferation excepted, it closely agrees with specimens from Manila, leg. Gaudichaud.
19. Nephrolepis exaltata (L.) Schott, C. Chr. Ind. 454. N. acutifolia Christ, 1. c. 110, — (no. 627 a).
Although sterile the specimen may with approximate certainty be referred to N. exaltata; certainly it is not N. acutifolia. Christ has also (1. c. 109) N. exultata in his list; no specimens so named by him are to be found in the collection.
20. Humata repens (L. fil.) Diels; C. Chr. Ind. 754; Davallia repens Christ, 1]. c. 111. Klong Majum (no. 102); Nipple (no. 679 a).
21. Davallia denticulata (Burm.) Mett.; C. Chr. Ind. 209; D. elegans Sw.; Christ, 1. c. 110, — (no. 766).
22. D. solida (Forst.) Sw.; Christ, 1. c. 110, -— (no. 783).
23. Odontosoria chinensis (L.) J. Sm.; C. Chr. Ind. 464; Stenoloma tenuifolia Christ, 1. c. 110, — (no. 649).
24. Tapeinidium pinnatum (Cav.) C. Chr. Ind. 631; Miécrolepia pinnata Christ, |. ec. 111, — (no. 272, 764, 780).
25. Schizoloma Griffithianum (Hook.) Fée; Lindsaya Griffithiana Hook. sp. 1. 219 t. 68B. Diplazium Bantamense (sic!) Christ, 1. c., 108, — (no. 782).
Commonly referred to S. ensifolium (Sw.) as a variety; still it seems essentially different from the typical form of that species and may as well as many others be dealt with as a distinct species.
Area: Burma.
S. ensifolium (Sw.) J. Sm. is in Christ’s list (under Lindsaya, 1. c. 110); no specimens so named are, however, in the collection.
26. §. heterophyllum (Dry.) J. Sm.; C. Chr. Ind. 618; Lindsaya heterophylla Dry.; Christ, 1. c. 110, — (no. 666).
27. lindsaya cultrata Sw.; Christ, 1. c. 110, — (no. 779).
28. L. orbiculata (Lam.) Mett.; Christ, 1. ¢. 110, — (no. 283). Small but fertile plants, with pinnate leaves not more than 4—5cm. long.
499 346
29. Diplacium silvaticum (Bory) Sw.; Christ, |. c. 108,—(no. 781).
30. Asplenium Schmidtii n. sp.
Aspl. vuleanicum Christ, 1. c. 108 (non B1.).
Rhizomate? Stipite subquadrangulari, superne tricanaliculato, fusco- stramineo vel viridi-stramineo ad basin nigricante, glabro, versus basin squamis lanceolatis, opaco-brunneis sparse obtecto, 35 cm. longo, 3 mm. crasso. Lamina ambitu ovata vel ovato-oblongo, 50 cm. longa, 25—30 em. infra medium lata, pinnata cum impari, in siccitate brunneo-viridi, firmo- herbacea vel submembranacea, glaberrima. Pinnis 14-jugis, alternis, 3 cm. distantibus, lineari-oblongis, e medio versus apicem acuminatum serratum sensim attenuatis, marginibus obscure repandulo serrulatis, infe- rioribus petiolulatis (petiolo 2—3 mm. longo), superioribus sessilibus (rachi non alata), basi inaequalibus — superiore truncata rachi parallela, inferiore rotundato-truncata vel rotundato-cuneata —-, maximis 15cm. longis, 2.cm. latis, terminali conformi sed profundius serrulata. Venis sub angulo 55° excurrenti- bus, 4mm. distantibus, ad basin furcatis; ramo anteriore semper indiviso, sorifero, posteriore furcato vel bifurcato, omnibus marginem attingentibus. Soris utrinque ad 30, partem tertiam rami anterioris occupantibus, costam plerumque attingentibus. Indusio angusto (vix | mm. lato), integro, pallide brunneo.
Koh Chang, jungle near Lem Dan. Johs. Schmidt no. 776.
Closely allied to the Malayan A. persicifolium J. Sm., and perhaps not specifically different from that species; it differs by its nearly entire and longer pinne, its short sori and its very regular venation. The lateral veins are nearly always in groups of four: from a very short secondary vein or, more often, from the costa of the pinne itself, spring out two veins, of which the upper is always simple and soriferous, while the lower is forked 2—5 mm. above the costa; the lower fork of these is simple, while the anterior one is forked again once or twice.
Christ has referred the specimen to A. vulcanicum BI., which differs from our new species by its coriaceous texture, pale colour, and equally cuneate base of the pinne.
31. A. pellucidum Lam.; Christ 1. c. 108, — (no. 78). 32. A. laserpitiifolium Lam.; Christ, 1. c. 107, — (no. 566).
33. A. Grevillei Wall.; Christ, i. c. 108. Not found in the collection. Probably A. nidus L.
34. Blechnum orientale L.; Christ, |. c. 107, — (no. 65, 480). 35. Brainea insignis (Hook.) J. Sm.; Christ, 1. c. 107, —(no. 663a).
36. Stenochlaena palustris (Burm.) Bedd.; Christ, 1. c. 107, —(no. 162, 718, 773).
37. §. aculeata (BI.) Ktze.; C. Chr. Ind. 624. Lomariopsis sorbifolia Christ, 1. ¢. 107, — (no. 402).
347 493
Although the specimen is sterile it doubtless belongs to this species, that is distinguished by a spiny rhizome and the pinne articulated to the rachis. The specimen differs from the typical form by having the pinne irregularly toothed. Some authors consider S. aculeata an anormal form of 8. sorbifolia sp. coll., others of S. palustris.
Area: Tropical Asia.
38. Onychium siliculosum (Desv.) C. Chr. Ind. 469; O. auwratum KIf.; Christ, 1. ¢. 106 (no. 68).
39. Adiantum flabellulatum L.; C. Chr. Ind. 26; A. Bonii ex parte Christ, 1. c. 106. Nipple, 2000 ft., on rocks in open jungle (no. 678).
Area: Tropical Asia and northwards to Japan.
40. Adiantum fragiliforme n. sp.
A, Bonii ex parte Christ, 1. c. 106 (non Journ. de Bot. 8: 150).
Although I have not seen the original A. Bondi from Tonkin I am convinced, after a close comparison of the Koh Chang plant with Christ’s original description, that our plant can not be A. Bondi. It belongs to a group of which several species have been described in recent years, but as it differs from all these in some points I propose it as new.
Rhizomate breve, erecto, dense radicante. Stipitibus atro-castaneis, nitidis, strictis, ad 10 cm. longis. Lamina ambitu late ovata, 10—13 cm. longa et lata, tripinnata, glaberrima, rigida, infra paulo glaucescente. Pinnis primariis utrinque 3—4, 4—8 cm. distantibus, infimis maximis, longe petiolatis (petiolo 3—4 em. longo), 6—8 cm. longis. Pinnis secundariis in pinna infima 2-jugis, in pinna sequente unijugis; pinnis superioribus atque terminali simpliciter pinnata. Segmentis breve petiolulatis (petiolo 11/2 mm. longis), ad petiolum distincte articulatis et facile decedentibus, 5—8 mm. longis et latis, basi aequaliter cuneatis vel saepe utrinque rotun- datis, margine exteriore integro vel obsolete dentato indivisis vel plus minusve profunde bi- (raro tri-) lobatis, segmento terminali vix majore. Soris in segmento uno vel binis, rarissime ternis; margine segmenti sorifero paulo emarginato. Indusio atro-brunneo, subquadrangulari vel saepe semicirculari, 1—11+/2 mm. lato.
Koh Chang, Klong Son, 1000 ft., on rocks in the jungle (no. 677).
This species seems to differ from all species of Adiantum from tropical Asia by its distinctly articulated segments, which in the dried specimens are very apt to fall off as in the West Indian A. fragile Sw., a species with different sori. In general habit, branching and shape of segment our new species is very similar to A. Wattii Bak., which species Beddome (Suppl. 18) has referred to A. capillus veneris as a variety. If he is right in this our species is not A. Wattii. A. Bonti is described as having the stipe scarcely glossy, segments not articulated to the petiole, the terminal larger than the lateral ones, sori reniform and 3—5 to a segment. By these characters and in others A. Bonii is certainly widely different from A. fragiliforme.
494. 348
41. Pteris longifolia L.; Christ, 1. c. 106 (no. 549 e).
Hieronymus has recently (Hedwigia 54: 290—294, 1914) separated out from the true P. longifolia L., which is American, the Old Worlds forms of P. longifolia as a distinct species P. vittata L., to which the Koh Chang specimens consequently belong.
42. P. biaurita L. P. quadriaurita var. biaurita Christ et var. Grevilleana Christ, |. c. 106 (non P. Grevilleana Wall.), — (no. 19 and 254).
43. P. quadriaurita Retz.; Christ, lc. 106 (excl. var.).
Hieronymus has recently (Hedwigia 55: 325—375. 1915) elaborately dealt with the Asiatic forms of the cosmopolitic collective species P. qua- driavrita. He gives very long.and detailed descriptions of no fewer than 20 Asiatic species, the majority of them founded on a single or a couple of specimens. I have tried to determine the two forms collected in Koh Chang after the descriptions of Hieronymus. As could be expected, the specimens do not agree in all details with so detailed descriptions, and I cannot, therefore, with certainty determine the two forms.
The first of these is possibly P. Blumeana Ag.; Hieron., 1. ¢. 360, with which it agrees in its obtuse, subemarginate segments. It is a form with a whitish band along the midrib of the pinne, a peculiarity found in several of the species (no. 785).
The second form is probably identical with
44. P. aspericaulis Wall.; Hieron. |. c. 348. P. asperula Christ, l.¢. 107 (non J. Sm.),— (mo. 632). Known from N. India only.
45. P. tripartia Sw.; Christ, 1. c. 107, — (no. 578). 46. Vittaria elongata Sw.; Christ, ]. c. 104, — (no. 76 and 729).
47. Antrophyum reticulatum (Forst.) Kif.; Christ, l.c. 104, — (no. 745).
48. Drymoglossum heterophyllum (L.) C. Chr. Ind. 246; D. pilosel- loides (L.) Pr.; Christ, 1. c. 105, — (no. 128, 179, 416, 660 a).
49. Taenitis blechnoides Sw.; Christ, 1. c. 104, — (no. 400).'
50. Polypodium punctatum L.; Christ, 1.’c, 105, — (no. 234, 358, 745c). 51. P. nigrescens Bl.; Christ, 1. c. 105, —- (no. 765).
52. P. sinuosum Wall.; Christ, 1. ¢. 105, — (no. 97).
53. Cyelophorus adnascens (Sw.) Desv.; C. Chr. Ind. 197; Niphobolus adnascens KIf.; Christ, 1. c. 105, — (no. 806).
54, @. acrostichoides (Forst.) Pr.; C. Chr. Ind. 197; Niphobolus acrostichoides Rich.; Christ, 1. c. 105, — (no. 476).
349 AI5
55. Drynaria sparsisora (Desv.) Moore; C. Chr. Ind. 249; D. Linnaet (Bory) Bedd.; Christ, 1. c. 106, -— (no. 227, 726).
Differs from D. quercifolia mainly by the scales of the rhizome being peltately fixed.
56. Acrostichum aureum L. var. Schmidtii Christ; Chrysodium aureum var. Schmidtii Christ, 1. c. 104, — (no. 718 h).
57. Platyeerium coronarium (Koénig) Desv.; C. Chr. Ind. 664; P. biforme Sw.; Schmidt, Bot. Tidsskr. 24: 105. (Specimens not seen.)
58. Ceratopteris thalictroides (L.) Brongn.; Christ, 1.c. 113, — (no. 226).
59. Gleichenia linearis (Burm.) Clarke; Christ, 1. c. 111,—(no. 770).
var. subpectinata (Christ); G. subpectinate Christ, |. c. (no. 619 f).
Christ’s new species can hardly be other than a local form of
the variable G. linearis. The reduction of the lower segments of the
pinne, believed by Christ to be a characteristic feature of G. subpectinata,
is not rarely seen in G. linearis and is, moreover, not found in all pinne of the type-specimens.
60. @. laevigata (Willd.) Hook.; Christ, 1. c. 111, — (no. 770 bis). Area: Malaya. Specifically different from the Mascarene G. flagellaris Spr.
61. Schizaea digitata (L.) Sw.; Christ, lc. 112, — (no. 679).
62. §. dichotoma (L.) Sm.; Christ, 1. c. 112, — (no. 710).
63. Lygodium circinnatum (Burm.) Sw.; Christ, l.c. 112, — (no. 269). 64. UL. scandens (L.) Sw.; DL. microphyllum Christ, l.c. 112, —(no. 153).
65. L. salicifolium Pr.; C.‘Chr. Ind. 413. ZL. flexwosum Christ, 1. c. 112 (non Sw.), — (no. 11 [Lem Ngob], 830 [Koh Chang Noi]).
Area: India, Malaya.
66. Angiopteris evecta (Forst.) Hoffm. sp. coll.; Christ, ]. c. 112, — (no. 767).
The form collected is abundantly different from the true A. evecta from Tahiti. It belongs to the section Pseudangiopteris Pr. to which de Vriese referred about 30 ‘species’, most of them from India. I have tried to determine the Siamese form after de Vriese’s monograph; it does not agree exactly with any of the forms described by de Vriese, but it comes very near to A. repandula de Vriese, Mon. 30 t. 3,f. 4, t. 4,f. 4, differing from that form by the presence of very short recurrent veinlets and fewer sporangia in the sori. The pinne are remarkably long-stalked (petiole 10 cm. 1. by a blade about 30 cm. 1.); pinnules 5—7 jugate
4296 350
below the terminal one, 12—-15 cm. long by 31/2 cm. broad at the middle, pale yellowish-green beneath, the margins dentate throughout, the abruptly acuminate apex serrulate, unequally cuneate at base, the upper (inner) side nearly parallel to rachis, the lower cuneate; some minute scales on the flattened midrib beneath. Veins simple ‘or more often once or twice furcate; short recurrent veins present. Sori well within the margin with 13—16 sporangia. By its long-stalked pimnee with few but proportionally very broad pinne of a yellowish-green culour it seems to deserve a name of its own; I propose to name it A. siamensis n. sp.
301 427
Additamenta.
Supplement to some families dealt with in earlier parts of the “Flora of Koh Chang”.
Leguminosae. Conf. Bot. Tidsskr. 24: 264—267 (Fl. of Koh Chang, part V). Parkia R. Br. (det. Craib).
4, P. streptocarpa Hance, Journ. of Bot. XIV. 259. Jungle near Lem Dan (no. 470).
Area: Siam.
Cassia L.
8. . occidentalis L. (see part V) (det. Craib). Plains at Lem Dan (no. 452).
Saraca L. (det. H. Harms).
25. S. minor Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. I. 84; S. indica part. Baker in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. Il. 271. River-bank at Klong Prao no. 705).
Area: Java.
_Derris Lour. (det. Craib).
26. D. uliginosa (D.C.) Benth.; Fl. Br. Ind. ll. 241. Rayong (no. 878).
Area: From China through tropical Asia, Australia, Polynesia and East Africa.
Combretaceae, det. C. H. Ostenfeld. Conf. Bot. Tidsskr. 26: 168 (FI. of Koh Chang, part VIII).
Terminalia Linné. 7. TT. citrina Roxb.; Clarke in Hook, FI. Br. Ind. Il. 446. Klong Son (no. 657).
Area: N. India, Assam, Burma, Malacca.
Combretum Linné.
8. €. extensum Roxb.; Clarke in Hook. FI. Br. Ind. Hl. 458; Craib,
Contr. Fl. Siam 83. Rocks at sea-shore (no. 629).
Area: India, Indo-China, Malaya, Philippines.
’
428 352
Melastomaceae. Conf. Bot. Tidsskr. 24: 344—345 (Fl. of Koh Chang, part VI).
Memecylon L. (det. Craib).
7. M. costatum Mig. Clarke in Hook. Fi. Br. Ind. II. 558. Jungle at Klong Munsé, river-bank (no. 532).
Area: Malacca, Java, Sumatra, Borneo.
8. M. sp. near M. coeruleum Jack; Clarke in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. Il. 559. A small tree growing at Klong Majum, alt. ca. 700 ft. (no. 613 a); Koh Saket, inside littoral zone (no. 341).
Area of M. coeruleum: Malay Peninsula, Philippines.
An indeterminable species of Memecylon was collected at Klong Majum (no. 598).
Convolvulaceae. Conf. Bot. Tidsskr. 26: 170 (Fl. of Koh Chang, part VIII).
Erycibe Roxb.
E. Schmidtii Craib, sp. n., ramulis lenticellatis, inflorescentia ter- minali brevi racemiformi cognoscenda.
Ramuli graciles, cortice primo fuscescente mox brunnescente lenti- cellato obtecti. Folia saepius oblongo-elliptica angusteve elliptica, apice obtuse acuminata, basi cuneata, 6—8,5 cm. longa, 2—3,5 cm. lata, sub- coriacea, pagina utraque glabra, nervis lateralibus utrinque circiter 8 pagina utraque subconspicuis et inferiore vix subprominulis, nervis transversis sparsis sub oculo armato tantum visis, integra, petiolo ad 1,3 cm. longo supra canaliculato puberulo fusco suffulta. Inflorescentia terminalis, racemi- formis, 3 em. longa, pedunculo communi circiter 1 em. longo simul ac rhachi sparse ferrugineo-puberulo suffulta; pedicelli fusci, 5 mm. longi. Sepala 2,75 mm. longa, ciliolata. Corolla generis, tubo circiter 3 mm. longo, lobis quam tubo saltem duplo longioribus. Fructus haud maturus, ellipsoideus, apiculatus, circiter 10 mm. longus et 7 mm. diametro, ater, glaber. :
River-bank at Klong Son, a shrub, perhaps a liana (no. 686 b).
Rubiaceae. Conf. Bot. Tidsskr. 24: 8329—341 (Fl. of Koh Chang, part VD. Psychotria sp. verisimiliter P. angulata Korth.; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind.
Wl. 172. Jungle at Klong Munsé (no. 394) det. Craib).
Area of P. angulata: Burma to Malacca, Java, Borneo.
An indeterminable specimen of Diplospora was collected in the jungle
at Klong Munsé (no. 590), and another of Coffea at Koh Kahdat (no. 554), a shrub with white fruits.
303 499
Gentianaceae. Conf. Bot. Tidsskr. 24: 263 (FI. of Koh Chang, part V).
Canscora Lam. (det. C. B. Clarke).
€. ?diffusa (Vahl) R. Br.; Clarke in Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. IV. 107; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 138.
On rocks in jungle (no. 284). Area: Tropical Asia, Australia, Africa.
Loranthaceae. Conf. Bot. Tidsskr. 24: 256—257 (Fl. of Koh Chang, part V).
7. Loranthus sp. near L. ampuliaceus. Koh Sahket, at the sea (no. 332 a).
Urticaceae, det. Craib. (Incl. Moraceae et Ulmaceae.) Conf. Bot. Tidsskr. 24: 352—354 (FI. of Koh Chang, part VI). 1. Artocarpus lakoocha Roxb.; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. V. 543, Koh Kahdat (no. 556).
Area: From Himalaya through Burma to Malacca.
Streblus Loureiro (Moraceae).
2. §. asper Lour.; Fl. Br. Ind. V. 489; Craib, Contr. Fl. Siam 196. Plains at Lem Dan (no. 431).
Area: E. Asia.
Trema Loureiro (Ulmaceae).
3. T. amboinensis Bl.; F). Br. Ind. V. 484; Craib, Contr. F]. Siam 195. T. velutina Planch. in Ann. sc. nat. ser. 3. X. 327.
Near Lem Dan, river-bank (no. 243), dry river-bed (no. 447), plains (no. 301).
Area: Sikkim, Assam to Malaya. 4. T. virgata Bl., Mus. Bot. II. 60. 7. timorensis Hook. f., Fl. Br.
Ind. V. 483, an Dene.? Plains N. of Lem Dan (no. 303).
Area: China, Indo-China, Malaya.
Fagaceae. Conf. Bot. Tidsskr. 24: 255 (FI. of Koh Chang, part V).
4, Quercus? Reinwardtii Korth.; Miquel, Fl. Ind. Bat. 1,1, p. 859; Wenzig, Die Eichen Ost- und Stidasiens; Jahrb. Bot. Garten Berlin IV
430 304
1886, p. 234; Geo King: The Indomalayan Sp. of Quereus and Castanopsis, Ann. roy. bot. Garden Calcutta Il. 1889 p. 63, tab. 57 A.
The material is not sufficient for a sure identification, ripe fruits being absent. The late Mr. Otto v. Seemen, of Berlin, to whom I had sent the material, remarked that in Q. Reinwardtii the young fruits are more narrowed towards the base than in No. 586. Besides, the leaves should be grey beneath, but they are glabrous, brownish and dim. According to Mr. v. Seemen, the young fruits and the leaves of No. 586 show some features calling to mind Q. costata B]., whose catkins are however much longer than those of No. 586. (O. Paulsen.)
A tall tree in the jungle on river-bank (no. 586).
Araceae. Conf. Bot. Tidsskr. 24: 272—276 (Fl. of Koh Chang, part V).
Colocasia L. (det. Craib).
16. €. antiqnorum Schott; Hook FI. Br. Ind. VI. 523. Koh Kahdat in the jungle (no. 808).
Area: Cultivated in all hot countries.
Orchidaceae. Conf. Bot. Tidsskr. 24: 6—13 (Fl. of Koh Chang, part I).
Aerides Lour. (det. Craib).
31. A. sp. probably A. faleatum Lindl., Hook. FI. Br. Ind. VI. 46. Koh Kahdat, epiphytic in the littoral jungle (no. 577).
Area of A. faleatum: Burma.
Podochilus Bl.
32. P. seiuroides Rchb. f. in Bonplandia V. 41. (det. Warburg). Klong Majum, epiphytic on Boeaw sp. (no. 823). Area: Java.
Adactylus Rolfe.
33. A. nudus (R. Br.) Rolfe, Orch. Rev. IV. 329; Apostasia nuda R. Br.; Hook. Fl. Br. Ind. VI. 175.? (material inadequate). Nipple (no. 881).
Area: From Assam to Malacca, Sumatra, Java.
Microstylis Nutt.
34. M. congesta Reichb. f., Hook, Fl. Br. Ind. V. 689.? Islet n. of Koh Chang (no. 698 e).
Area: Tropical Asia and Australia,
355 431
Concluding remarks.
The “Flora of Koh Chang”, publication of which was commenced in the year 1900 (with Part I), is now, with the present issue of Part X, brought to a close.
The first eight parts appeared in the course of a few years (1900—1904), after which, however, five years elapsed hefore the issue of Part [X, and a further period of years before the present concluding part was ready for print. This delay, due to circum- stances beyond my control, I very much regret.
Of the botanical collections brought home, all, save for a single group, have now been worked up. The exception is that of the perforating algz, the investigation of which, entrusted to the care of M. Maurice Gomont of Paris, was brought to a standstill upon his decease.
The following botanists have taken part in the work of dealing with the collections:
O. Beccari, Firenze. O. Nordstedt, Lund. F. Brotherus, Helsingfors. C. H. Ostenfeld, Copenhagen. H. Christ, Bale. Ove Paulsen, Copenhagen. Carl Christensen, Copenhagen. fF. Pax, Breslau.
+C. B. Clarke, Kew. V. A. Poulsen, Copenhagen. W.G. Craib, Kew. L. Radlkofer, Munich. U. Dammer, Berlin. F. Kélpin Ravn, Copenhagen. A. Engler, Berlin. Th. Reinbold, Itzehoe.
+M. Foslie, Trondhjem. +E. Rostrup, Copenhagen. E. Gilg, Berlin. R. Schlechter, Berlin.
+M. Gomont, Paris. +K. Schumann, Berlin. BE. Hackel, St. Pélten. O. Stapf, Kew. H. Hallier, Leiden. F. Stephani, Leipzig. H. Harms, Berlin. Edw. A. Wainio, Helsingfors. F. Heim, Paris. O. Warburg, Berlin. F. Kranzlin, Berlin. Eug. Warming, Copenhagen. G. Massee, Kew. G. S. West, Birmingham. Carl Mez, Halle. + W. West, Bradford.
E. Ostrup, Copenhagen.
432 356
It is now my pleasant duty to express my hearty thanks to each of the gentlemen above mentioned, for their obliging readiness in undertaking the work, as well as for the care with which they have carried it out.
The ten parts of which the ‘Flora of Koh Chang” consists, includes in all 1513 plants determined as to species, of which 194 were new to science. These species may be systematically divided as follows:
Phanerogams 521 of which 57 new; pteridophyta 72, of which 6 new; mosses (Bryales and Hepatice) 61, of which 23 new; algee 669, of which 38 new; lichens 95, of which 39 new, and fungi 95, of which 31 new. j
In addition, a number of species are noted under the different genera as not identified with certainty.
The material having been distributed among numerous special- ists, the work upon the different sections naturally could not progress at a uniform rate, in consequence of which it was impossible to let the various groups appear in systematic order, and again, I have not always succeeded in placing all the species belonging to one family in the same part of the publication. To the present Part X is therefore appended an index, drawn up by Carl Christensen, M. Sc., which will, it is hoped, in some degree obviate the difficulties thus arising.
Especial thanks are due to my friend Dr. C. H. Ostenfeld, Inspector of the University Botanical Museum at Copenhagen, for the valuable assistance which he has afforded me in the placing and treatment of the material.
Finally, I beg to thank the Danish Botanical Society for accord- ing space to the “Flora of Koh Chang” in their Journal, and also the Carlsberg Fund, who have, besides granting me financial support towards my stay in Siam 15 years ago, and during the subsequent treatment of the material, also borne the printing expenses.
Carlsberg Laboratory, Copenhagen, December 14, 1915. Johs. Schmidt.
357
Index
to Families, Genera and New Species.
433
(The figures in the first column refer to volume and page of ‘“Botanisk Tidsskrift’’; those in the second to the part of the “Flora of Koh Chang” and the page of the separate reprints).
Acanthophora Acanthus............. Acetabularia Achnanthes (aq. dulcis) (marin.)...
A. oblongella Ost. ...
A. rostrata Ost. ..... Achyranthes Acrolejeunea.......... Acrostichum Actinocyclus Actinoptychus Adactylus Adenanthera.......... Adenosma Adenostemma Adhatoda Adiantum
Adinandra............ ACPO seca ansraas wes ells Aganosma Agaricinae Ageratum Aglaia Aglaonema
A, siamense Engl. ...
A, tenuipes Engl..... Agrostophyllum
» 823
822
. 348
200 349 192
34
. 180
34
. 820 . 278 . 349 . 118
. B64 . 264
346 248 350 106
. B47 . 328 . 169 » 324
354 337
. 361
243
. 328 ~ 295
9
X. VI. IV. VI. IV.
399 398 198 116 199 108
. 252 . 282 . 252
. 396 . 176 . 425 . 270
. 480 . 162 . 196 . 141 . 200 . 51 . 423, . 404 . 821 . 400
430 413
Aizoaceae Alocasia.............. Alpinia A, macroura K. Sch. . A. oxymitra K. Sch. Alsodeia Alsophila
Amaryllidaceae ,... Ampelidaceae Ampelocissus Ammania Amomum
A, hirticalyx K. Sch. . Amphiprora Amphiroa Amphisolenia Amphora (aq. dulcis)... (marin.) ..... Anacardiaceae...... Anadendron
A, angustifolium Engl. Anaxagorea Andropogon Aneura Angiopteris
A.* siamensis C. Chr. Anisochilus........... Anisoptera
A. marginatoides Heim Anoectochilus
32. 26. 25.
24.
. 821 » 275 268
434 Anomoeoneis ......... 25. 30) VII. Anonaceae.......... 32. 326 Xx. Antrophyum.......... 24,104, Il. Aphanochaete ........ — 158] IV. Apocynaceae ....... 32. 338 Xx. Apostasia ............ 24. 13 I. Apostasiaceae...... —_- — — Araceae............. — 272 V. reel daddies ang 32. 354 X. .Araliaceae.......... — 819; — Archaeolithothamnion.. 24. 16| — A. Schmidtit Foslie.. — — IL. Archilejeunea......... 24. 278 Vv. Ardisia.............0. 26. 169 | VIII. ATCC ‘csesedce se wie dactoe dee 29. 99) IX. Argostemma.......... 24. 330; VI. Artabotrys ........... 32. 326 Xx. Arthonia ............. 29. 1389| IX. A.* obseurata Wain... — 140] — A. rhizophorae Wain.. — 141| — Arthrocormus......... 24. 116; II. Arthrodesmus......... — 180; IV. A, alatus West...... —_- — — Artocarpus ........... — 853) VIL = jaageesGue es 32. 353 Xx. ATENEO jon otis weiss y 24. 100; III. Asclepiadaceae..... 32. 317 Xx. Asperococcus ......... 24,194] IV. Aspidium ............ — 108] IIl Asplenium............ 24. 107} III. A, Schmidtit C. Chr. 32. 346 X. Asterina ...........4. 24. 361) VI A, Pandani Rostr. .. — — — Asterolampra......... 25. 5| VII Asteromphalus........ — 6; — Auliscus ¢ 6.05 sie vac aes 26. 120 | VIII. Averrhoa............. 32. 323 X. Avicennia ............ 26. 175; VIII. Avrainvillea .......... 24.190) IV. Bacillaria............ 26. 154 | VIIL Bacillariaceae(Plankt.)25. 2] VII _— (aq. dulcis). — 28} — -- (marinae) .. 26. 116) VIII Bacteriastrum ........ -25. 14) VII == ‘Risiaean 26. 120| VIII Bambusa............. 24.101; IIL Barringtonia.......... 32. 332 Xx. B. Schmidtiti Warb... — — —_ Basel occt a4 uineasoa as 32. 819 X.
’ Bonnaya
Basellaceae Batrachospermum Bauhinia............. Benincasa
Biddulphia
Blepharocysta Blumea
Bolbophyllum B. tridentatum Kral. . BOGUS: secs vse engoe ven aly B. costatus Rostr. ... B. lacunosus Rostr... Bombaceae
Boodlea..............
B. siamensis Reinb. . Borassus ............. Borreria.............. Botryococcus Bottaria
Brachytrichia.........
B. maculans Gom.... Brainea .............. Bruce@icsscsxaeusege 34 Bruguiera Bryaceae ........... BPYUM seer eaares geet Buchanania .......... Bulla. s ose asks wre aieioss
B. blastenioides Wain.
B. stramineoatra Wain.
B, subdives Wain. ...
Caesalpinia Cajanus.............. Calanthe ............. Callicarpa Calocera ............. Caloglossa............ Caloneis..............
se ewes
359
Calothrix............. 24, 210' IV. 127] Chara................ 24. Calycopteris .......... 26. 168; VIII. 168] Characeae .......... — Calymperes........... 24.118} III. 64] Chasalia.............. — C. acuminatum Broth. — — — -—|] Cheirostylis........... aaa C. brachycaulon Broth. — 120} — 66] Chiodecton ........... 29. C. gracilescens Broth. — 120; — 66] Chisocheton .......... 32. C.robustvusculumBroth.— 118| — 64] Chlorophyceae (aq. d.) 24. C. Schmadiw Broth... — 119; — 65 — (marinae) — C. subintegrum Broth, — — — -—|Chrysodium .......... — C. subtenerum Broth, — — | — —1Cibotium............. — Campylodiscus........ 26. 159| VIII. 311] Cinnamomum......... 32. Canavalia ............ 24, 266 V. 164] Cissus... 0.0... cca en = Canina cchd vexeee sess — 270; — 168] Citrus................ — Cannaceae.......... —_- — —— —JClaudopus ........... 24, Canscora ............. 32, 353 X. 429] Clausena ............. 32. Capparidaceae...... — 821; — 397] Clavaria.............. 24. Capparis ............. —- — — —J]Clavariaceae ....... — Capsicum ............ — 838) — 414] Cleistanthus .......... 32. Carallia .............. 24. 253 V. 151] Clerodendron ......... 26. Cardiospermum ....... 32. 315 X. 391] C. hastato-oblongum Cl. — CaleR cc cods aces ee ts es 24. 94] IIL 38] Climacodium......... 25. Carica ............... 32. 325 X. 401] Climacosira........... 26. Caricaceae.......... - — — —J]Climacosphenia ....... — CaLU sh. gsed eanaraibees 24, 248 V. 146] Clinogyne ............ 24. Caryotas.cesisaeeases 29. 99) IX. 381] Clitoria .............. — CaSSia iS. wax aaa 24, 265 V. 163] Closterium ........... — SO, Vudaces Bibel Sas 32. 351 X. 427] Cocconeis ............ 26. Cassytha ............- — 889| -— 415] Cocculus ............. 32. Castanopsis........... 24, 255 V. 153] Cocos..............6. 29. Casuarina ...........- 32. 320 X. 396] Coelachne ............ 24. Casuarinaceae...... SS — —J]Coelastrum........... — Catenella............. 24.196; IV. 112] Coffea ............... — Caudalejeunea ........ — 278 V.176) CC. Schmidt K. Sch... — Caulerpa ............. = 187) TV. 108 | Coix ses wcae cess n ess — COD a < souetas tb 4 olevanece a. 32. 323 X. 899] Colocasia............. 32. Centotheca ........... 24.101) III. 45] Cololejeunea.......... 24. Ceramium............ — 200; IV.116] ©. Schmidtii Steph... — Cerataulina........... 25. 25) VII. 243] C. stamensis Steph... — Ceratium............. 24. 213) IV. 130] Colpomenia........... — Ceratolejeunea ........ — 278 V. 176] Colubrina ............ 32. C.emarginatula Steph. — — — -—J]|Combretaceae...... 26. Ceratopteris .......... — 113) TD 58 = = Lada 32. Cerbera .............. 32. 337 X. 413] Combretum........... — COTLOPS: «atic ea pheusle dace 24, 251 V. 149} Commelinaceae..... 26. Chaetocarpus ......... 32. 314; X.390| Compositae......... 24. Chaetoceras .......... 25. 15, VII. 233] Connaraceae ....... 32. at eee naience 26. 120, VIII. 272] Connarus............. —
C. elavigera Ostf..... 25. 16| VII. 234] Conocephalus......... 24, C. siamense Ostf..... — 21} — 239} Convolvulaceae ....... 26. Champia ............. 24.199} IV. 115 —— 32.
436
Coprinus .........0065 24, Coptosapelta.......... —_— Corallina ............. = Corallinaceae....... _ COL: scsi eee nai atiyes 32 Cordiaceae ......... — Cordyline ............ _ Corethron ............ 25. Coscinodiscus (Plankt.} . — — (aq. dulce.) — ee (marin.).. 26. Cosmarium ........... 24. C. aequatum West... —
C.pseudorthopunctatum West .......... —— C. Schmidtit West... — COSMOS: sce 2 serene ss — Crataeva ...........4. 32. Cratoxylon ........... — CHMUM sey eee se 26. Cryptonemia.......... 24, Cucurbitaceae...... 32 Curculigo............. 26. Curcuma ............. 24. Cyatheaceae........ — Cycadaceae......... 26. COVCAS : shiny cecenee ess 6 — Cyclophora........... — C. siamensis Ost..... _ Cyclophorus .......... 32. Cyclotella (aq. dulcis) .. 25. — (marin.)..... 26. Cylindrocystis ........ 24. C. subpyramidata West — Cymbella............. 25. Cymbidium........... 24, Cynodon ............. _ Cyperaceae......... _ Cyperus.............. = Cypripedium.......... =
C. Schmidtianum Kral. Cystoseira
Dactyliosolen ........ 25. Damaenorops......... 29.
D.Schmidtianus Damm.— Damnacanthus........ 24, Datta oonacuws aeea se 32, Davallia ............. 24,
Dematieae Dendrobium
D. Schmidtianum Kral. Dentella Denticula (aq. dulcis) .. (marin.).... Dermatolithon Derris
Desmogonium Desmonema
Dictyonema Dictyosphaeria Dictyosphaerium Dictyota Didymella Didymoplexis Dillenia
Dimerogramma Dimorphococcus Dinemasporium Dinophysis Dioscorea
Diospyros
D. Schmidtii: Craib. .. Diplazium Diplopsalis Diplospora Dipterocarpaceae .. Dipterocarpus
D. angustialatus Heim
D. parvifolius Heim .
D. Schmidtii Heim .. Dischidia............. Distichophyllum
D. Schmidtii Broth. . Ditylium............. Dothidella............
D. Pierolobit Rostr... Dothidiaceae....... Dracaena............. Drymoglossum Drynaria
361
Dryopteris Dysophylla
Ebenaceae Ebermaiera...........
E. subcapitata Clarke. Ectocarpus Eleocharis............ Elephantopus Elettariopsis..........
E. Schmidtit: K. Sch. .
Emilia Enteromorpha ........ Epithemia (aq. dulcis)
(marin.)....
Eragrostis Eranthemum ......... E. Pumilio Clarke...
E. Nummularia Kral. E. semiconnata Kral... Erigeron .............
Erioglossum Ervatamia Eryeibe oi.0 cs esee cess
E. Schmidtii Craib. .. Eryngium Erythrina Euastrum Eucampia ........... Eugenia.............. ‘Eulophia Eunotia
Euphorbiaceae Euphyllodium Bury! ovicy gee taweeas Eurycoma............ Excipulaceae....... Exuviella
Fagraea..........2006 Favolus F. albidus Massee ...
26.
= < <._, Bel AaMe Ss
aSl yt
ane 5 | SApasaaa
= Ar ial llelealle
lSl yx
BIGUS: is wi Fcakas aa usin Fimbristylis Finlaysonia........... Fissidens.............
F. papillulosus Broth.
F. siamensis Broth. . Fissidentaceae Flagellaria............ Flagellariaceae Flammula............
F. sulphurea Massee . Florideae Fragilaria ............
F. siamensis Ost. ... Frustulia Fuirena
Galearia Garcinia
Gardenia Garckea.............- Geissaspis Gelidium
Gesneraceae Gleichenia............
G. subpectinata Christ. Gleicheniaceae Gloeocystis Gloriosa Glycosmis Glyphodesmis
G. siamensis Ost..... Gnetaceae Gnetum Gomphia............. Gomphonema
G. entolejum Ost..... Gonatozygon Goniaulax Goniodoma........... Gonocaryum Goodeniaceae....... Gossypium Gracilaria Gramineae.......... Grammatophora Graphis
26. 124 29. 122
Vil
TV101.112
. 257
247
. 34
438
G. consimilis Wain. . . G. glaucocinerea Wain. G. ochrochella Wain. . ‘G* persimilis Wain. . G. pyrrhochella Wain. G. Schmidtti Wain. .. G. simplex Wain..... G. subtegrina Wain...
Gyalecta Gymnanthera Gymnopteris.......... Gyrostomum..........
Halimeda Haliseris Halodule............. Halophila ............
H. decipiens Ostf. ... Hantzschia (aq. dulcis) . (marin.).... Hapalosiphon Harpullia Helicteres Helminthosporium ....
H. Ficuum Rostr. ... Hemiaulus (aq. dulcis) . (marin.).... Hepaticae Heptapleurum Hernandia............ Hetaeria
Hibiscus Hippocrateaceae ... Hirneola
H. brevispatha Engl. . Homoecladia ......... Hookeriaceae TOP aires asnadevingiangere’s
H. avellanea Heim. ..
H. Schmidtit Heim ..
A. siamensis Heim .. Horsfieldia Hoya
Hyalotheca Hydnaceae Hydnophytum Hydnum Hydrocharitaceae .. Hydroclathrus Hydrocoleum Hydrocotyle Hydrosme H. longituberosa Engl. Hygrophila........... Hymenochaete........ Hymenophyllaceae. Hymenophytum Hyophila.?........... FY PNG s.ccsceisiane see's Hypoestes H.? Schmidtit Clarke. Hypolytrum.......... Hypoxylon
Ichnanthus Imperata............. Ineffigiata............ Ipomoea Iyingiass ss axnees ees Isachne .............. I. Schmidtit Hack. . . Ischaemum ; Isopterygium Isthmia
J. dolichophylla K. Sch.
Jasminum. .......... Jussiaea...........085 Justicia
Knema
Labiatae Lagerstroemia ........ LaPeer a «cco ce aea wes Lantana
363
Laschia .............. L. changensis Rostr. . Lasianthus ........... L. ealoneurus K. Sch. L, oligoneurus K. Sch. L. Schmidtii K. Sch. . Lauderia ............. Lauderiopsis Lauraceae Laurencia ............ Lecanactis............ Lecanora............- Lecidea L. testaceolweus Wain. L. unicolor Wain. ... Lecidopyrenopsis L. corticola Wain. ...
Lemnaceae ......... Lentibulariaceae... Lentinus ............. Lenzites).. ccon sess «3 Lepraria
Leptaspis Leptochilus Leptocylindrus Leptogidium.......... Leptogium Leptolejeunea......... Lepturus
Leucobryaceae Leucobryum Leucoloma ........... L. stamensis Broth... -Leucophanes.......... Leveillea .. Lichenes Licmophora Licuala
Limnophila........... Lindsaya
Liparis Hibehiss cd cicacadetak
Lithophyllum......... Lithothamnium .......
L. funafutiense Foslie
L. siamense Foslie... Litse’: dic aviacecas yess Loganiaceae Lomariopsis .......... Lophatherum......... Lopholejeunea Loranthaceae.......
Loranthus
WAWIST AL 6 aa acassearg. a3. anite ec Lumnitzera...........
Lycogala.............
Lycopodiaceae ..... Lycopodium.......... Lygodium............ Lyngbya ...........0. Maba
Maesa Malvaceae Mangifera
M. siamensis Warb. . Marantaceae........ Marasmiaceae Marasmius
M. discopus Massee.. Marattiaceae Mariscus Mastigobryum Mastigolejeunea....... Mastogloia
M. parvula Ost......
M. quadrinotata Ost. . Melaleuca Melanconiaceae.... Melastoma ........... Melastomaceae Meliaceae Melobesia Melodorum Melosira.............. Memecylon
*
440 Memecylon ........... Meniscium............ -Menispermaceae.... Merremia............. Microlepia Micropeltis AL. Schmidtiana Rostr. Microspora Microstylis Microthelia
Mimosa Mischocarpus Mniaceae Mollugo
Mycena, MM. cuspidata Massee . Myristicaceae
Nauclea Navicula (aq. dulcis) .. (marin.) ..... NV. bicontracta Ost. .. N. Farcimen Ost. ... NV. ocellata Ost. ..... NV. siamensis Ost. ... N. subglabra Ost. ... Neckera.............. NV. nigrescens Broth. . Neckeraceae Neidium Nelumbo............. Nephelium ........... Nephrolepsis
Nitzschia (aq. dulcis) ..
24, 25.27,30 26. 25. 26.
25. 24. 32. 24. 32. 24. 29. 24. 25.27,38 (marin.)..... 26. 154
. 338 . 169 . 331 . B55
202
331
133
32 134 139 135 144
. 121
29 263 316 109 345 264 100 105
VIII. X. VI. IV.
VI
. 181
I1.245,248
VIII. VIL. VII.
Ix. ITI.
285 250 286 291 287 296
. 67
. 247 . 161 . 892 54
. 421 . 162 332 50
11.245,256
VUI
. 306
Nodularia Nyctaginiaceae Nymphaea Nymphaeaceae
Ocha soc ssielern 8 syiecans Ocimum
Oedogonium.......... O. maximum West ..
Onagraceae Onychium Oocystis ............. Opegrapha
O. robusta Wain Opephora ............ Ophiocytium Ophiorrhiza ..........
O.brachycarpa K. Sch. Opi aires ces hoge te ae es Oplismenus........... Orchidaceae
Ostreopsis Johs. Schm.. O. siamensis Schm. .. Oxalidaceae
Palmae .............
PANS sic nee assed hate P. luteolus Massee ... P. spathulatus Massee
Pandanaceae
Pandanus
365
Pandanus ............ 32. 333 X. 409] Piperaceae ......... 32. 320 X. Panicum ............. 24. 97| IIL 41] Pisonia.............. — 338) —
P. Schmidtii Hack... — 99) — 43] Pistia................ 24. 276 V. Paralia............... 26. 116] VIII. 268] Placodium............ 29. 111, IX. Parkeriaceae....... 24.113; III. 58 P. testaceorufum Wain. — — _ Parkia, os neces saga se — 264 V. 162] Plagiochila ........... 24. 277 V.
==) We etiatedaed ts 32. 351 X, 427] Plagiogramma ........ 26. 126) VIII. Parmelia ............. 29. 104) IX. 336] Platycerium .......... 24.105! III.
P. addenda Wain. ... — 107} — 339] Plectronia............ — 3385: VI.
P. adspersa Wain ... — 106] — 338| P. Schmidtit Clarke.. — 336; —
P. platyphyllina Wain. — — — —| P. siamensis K. Sch.. — 335) — Parsonsia ............ 32. 337 X. 418] Pleurosigma .......... 26. 145 | VIII. Paspalum ............ 24. 96| III. 40] Pleurotaenium........ 24. 167; IV. Pedaliaceae ........ 32. 325 X. 401] Pleurotus ............ — 864| VI Pediastrum........... 24.181; IV. 97] Pluchea.............. — 245 Vv Pedicellaria........... 32. 321 X. 397] Plumbaginaceae.... 32. 325 x Pelekium............. 24.115; III. 71] Plumbago............ _- — — Peliosanthes .......... 32. 319 X. 8395] Podocarpus........... 26. 162, VIII. Peltophorum ......... 24, 265 V. 163] Podochilus ........... 24. 11) L Pemphis ............. — 342| VI. 192 SS) cba ateodd Baas 32. 354: X. Penium .............. — 163) IV. 79] Podolampas .......... 24. 220' IV. Pentacme ............ 25. 45| VII. 263| Podostemaceae..... — 258; — Pentapetes ........... 32. 323 X. 399] Pogonatherum ........ 24. 95! II. Peperomia............ 32. 320 X. 396] Pollia.............00. 26. 164) VIII. Peridiniales ........ 24. 212; IV. 129] Polyalthia............ 32. 326 X. Peridinium ........... — 219| — 136] Polybotrya........... 24. 109) IIL. Perisporiaceae ..... — 361} VI. 211 Se gahalnetaawes $2. 343, =X. Pertusaria............ 29. 109} IX. 341) Polypleurum.......... 24, 258 Vv.
P. sphaerulifera Wain. — — — —| P.SchmidtianumWam.— — —
P. subnegans Wain... — 110; — 342] Polypodiaceae...... — 101; ITIL Pestalozzia ........... 24. 363| VI. 213] Polypodium .......... — 10, —
P. Andropogoms Rost. — — — —|Polyporaceae....... — 857; VI Petunga.............. — 3833| -— 183] Polyporus............ — 858) — Peyssonnellia ......... — 201! IV.117] P. albo-luteus Rostr.. — 359) — Phaeophyceae...... — 192} — 108] P. atripes Rostr..... — —j) — Phalacroma .......... — 220! — 137] P. carnosus Rostr.... — 361) — Phaseolus ............ — 267 V. 165] P. changensis Rostr.. — 360) — Phoenix.............. 29. 97| IX. 329] P. erenatoporus Rostr. — — _— Phormidium.......... 24. 205| IV. 122] P.minutissimus Rostr. — 359) — Phrynium ............ — 270 V.168| P. olwascens Rostr... — —| —
P. minus K. Sch..... = = — —] P-.purpureo-albus Rost.— 360, — Phyllachora .......... — 862; VI. 212] P. pusillus Rostr.... — 359; — Physalacria........... — 856; — 206] P. Schmidtit Rostr... — 3860); —
P. changensis Rostr.. — — — —]| P. tigrinus Rostr. ... — 359) — Physalis..........05-- 32. 338 X. 414] Polysiphonia.......... — 200; IV. Physcia ..........0065 29.111) IX. 343] Polytrichaceae..... — 121) IIL Physma.........-++- — 116; — 348} Pontederiaceae..... — 262 V. Pinanga..........0++- 29. 99| IX. 331] Portulaca ............ 32. 322) X Pinnularia...........- 25. 82) VII. 250] Portulacaceae...... —_- — ee Piper’ sssiguieccssewaroes 32. 320' X. 396] Potamogetonaceae . 24. 262 Vv.
442
Pseudopyrenula....... P. eudoxanthoides....
Psilocybe...........4. Psychotria
PLCLIS i cidg ened wae oes
P. Schmidtianum Hrs. Pycnolejeunea
P. grandiocellata Steph.—
PYCreus's-s's ews wanna ee Pyrenula............- P. approximata Wain. P. feracissima Wain.. P. submarginata Wain. Pyrocystis............ Pyxine P. Asiatica Wain. ... P. Schmidtii, Wain. . .
Quercus
Racelopus Ramalina Randia ............4.
R. armagera K. Sch. .
R. eucodon K. Sch. .. Raphidophora Raphoneis
R. obesa West ...... R. siamensis West... Remirea
R. Schmidtit Reinb. .
Rhamnaceae Rhaphidium.......... Rhaphidostegium .....
R. parvulum Broth...
R. subconnivens Broth. Rhizogonium Rhizophora........... Rhizophoraceae.... Rhizosolenia..........
R. amputata Ost. ...
R. Clevei Ost. ...... Rhodophyceae...... Rhoicosigma.......... Rhoicosphenia
R. tenuissima Ost.... Rhynchospora Rosaceae
Rungia Rutaceae ........... Rutilaria.............
Saccolabium
&. peperomoides Kral. . Sageraea Salacla.::ceoversccees Sapindaceae........ Sapotaceae Saraca
Sargassum............ Scaevola
Scenedesmus.......... Schima
Schizophyllum ........ Schizothrix........... Schmidtiella Ostf......
S. pelagica Osti...... Schuettia............. Scindapsis............
S. stamensis Engl.... Scitamineae Scleria
367
Scoliopleura ..........
S. siamensis Ost..... Scolopia.............. Scoparia Scrophulariaceae... Scyphiphora Scytonema ...........
S. Schmidtii Gomont. Selaginella............
S. siamensis Hieron. . Selaginellaceae Selenastrum .......... Sematophyllaceae.. Sematophyllum .......
S. subrevolutum Broth.
Sideroxylon Simarubaceae Siphonocladus Smilaceae
Sophora Sphacelaria Sphaeranthus Sphaeriaceae....... Sphaeromorphaea Sphenodesma Spinifex Spirogyra
S. Schmidtii West ... Spyridia Staphytarpheta Staurastrum Stauroneis
Stenoloma Stephanopyxis Sterculiaceae Stereodontaceae.... Stereosandra..........
S. pendula Kral. .... Stereum..............
Vil.
x. VI.
IV.
298 410 196 184 124
58
Stigonema Streblus Streptotheca Striatella Strobilanthes S. parvibracteatus Cl. . Strophanthus Struvia Strychnos S. myrioneura Gilg .. 8. Schmidiu Gilg.... Stylocoryne Suillus 8. changensis Rostr. . 8. hygrophanus Rostr. 8. velatus Rostr. .... Surirella (aq. dulcis) ... (marin.)...... 8. siamensis Ost..... Synedra (aq. dulcis) ... (marin.)...... Syrrhopodon.......... S. subconfertus Broth. Syrrhopodontaceae.
Tacca
Ternstroemia Ternstroemiaceae .. Terpsinoé Tetracera Tetrastigma Thalassiothrix Thelenella
T. interrupta Wain... Thelephoraceae .... Thelotrema...........
T. arecae Wain. .....
T. Asiaticum Wain. .
24. 208
. 853 24 » 124 . 348
ao | Iv.
IV. bX . VIL _VIIL. VI.
4A3
125 429 242 276 198
AAA
T. calathiforme Wain... T.microascidium Wain. T. Siamense Wain. .. Thespesia Thysanolaena......... Thysanolejeunea Tiliaceae Tiliacora Tinospora Tolypiocladia Tortulaceae Toxocarpus........... T. stamensis Schi. ... Trachysphenia Trema
Tremellaceae Trentepohlia.......... Triceratium Trichodesmium Trichomanes..........
T. Siamense Christ... Trichosanthes......... Trichosteleum
T. leptocarpoidesBroth.
T. trachycystis Broth. Triumfetta ........... Tropidoneis........... Turbinaria ........... Tylophora............
T. Schmidtit Schl. ...
Udotea
. 248
355
Uredo U. Futrenae Rostr. .. Urena Urophyllum U. Schmidtii K. Sch. Urticaceae..........
Utricularia
U. bosminifera Ostf. . -
U. siamensis Ostf....
Walonia Vandellia............. Van Heurckia
V. siamensis Ost. ... Verbenaceae
Walsura
Ximenia
Zalacca Zingiberaceae...... Zizyphus Zonaria
CONTENT OF PRECEDING PARTS.
Part L Jous. Scumipr: Introductory. F..Krainzirn: Orchidaceae, Apostasia-
ceae, Part II.
M. Fosure: Corallinaceae. Part I.
GC. B. Cuarnxe: Cyperaceae.
E. Hacker: Gramineae.
H. Cunisr: Pteridophyta (Selaginella auct. G. Hieronymus).
V. F. Baoraerus:- Bryales.
Part IV. W. West and G. 8. West: Fresh Water Chiorophyceae. Tu. ReinsoLp: Marine Algae (Chloro- phyceae, Phaeophyceae, Dictyo- tales, Rhodophyceae).
M. Gomontr: Myxophyceae hormogo- neae. Jous. Scumipt: Peridiniales. Part V. Cc. B. Clarke: Compositae, Umbelli-
ferae. Jous. Scumipr: Rhizophoraceae. Ove PAULSEN: Fagaceae.
F. K. Ravn: Loranthaceae. Eue. Warnminc: Podostemaceae. C. H. Osrenrere: Hydrocharitaceae,
Lemnaceae, Pontederiaceae, Pota- mogetonaceae, Gentianaceae (Lim- nanthemum), Nymphaeaceac.
H. Harms: Leguminosae. K. Scuumann: Scitamineae. A. ENGLER: Araceae.
F. STEPHANI: Hepaticae.
Part VI.
. ScoumMaANN: Rubiaceae.
. B. CLrarke: Lythraceae, Melastoma- ceae, Scrophulariaceae, Acantha- ceae,
O. Warsure: Urticaceae.
E. Rostrur and G. Massee: Fungi.
OR
Part VII. C. H. OsTENFELD: Marine Plankton Diatoms. E. Osrnup: Fresh-Water Diatoms. F. Heim: Dipterocarpaceae.
Part VIII. E. Osraup: Marine Diatoms. C. H. OSTENFELD: Gymnospermae, Pan- danaceae, Smilaceae, Commelyna-
ceae, Amaryllidaceae, Taccaceae, Dioscoreaceae. V. A. Pou_sen: Eriocaulaceae.
Jous. SchmMipt: Combretaceae.
Cart Mez: Myrsinaceae.
H. Hatyrer: Convolvulaceae.
C. B. Clarke: Verbenaceae, Labiatae.
Part IX. Palmae. Lentibulariaceae. Lichenes.
U. DAMMER: C. H. OSTENFELD: Epw. A. WaINIO:
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