Cornell Alniversity Library BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME FROM THE SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND THE GIFT OF Henry W. Saaqe 1891 AT Oe eo ee LG A 9963 Cornell University Library 115.N86 1898 4 Q 1 v.2 R iL 3 1924 012 281 071 © ainowe : Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924012281071 REPORT OF THE SECOND NORWEGIAN ARCTIC EXPEDITION IN THE “FRAM” 1898—1902 VOL. IL. AT THE EXPENSE OF THE FRIDTJOF NANSEN FUND FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE PUBLISHED BY _ VIDENSKABS-SELSKABET I KRISTIANIA KRISTIANIA IN COMMISSION BY T. 0. BROGGER PRINTED BY A. W. BROGGER 1907 REPORT | OF THE PEI ER) SECOND NORWEGIAN ARCTIC EXPEDITION IN THE “FRAM” 1898—1902 VOL. II. AT THE EXPENSE OF THE FRIDTJOF NANSEN FUND FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE PUBLISHED BY VIDENSKABS-SELSKABET I KRISTIANIA 000 KRISTIANIA IN COMMISSION BY T. 0. BROGGER PRINTED BY A. W. BROGGER 1907 XD CONTENTS OF VOL. IL. Gunn. Isacusen: Astronomical and Geodetical Observa- tions. With 2 plates and 3 maps. (Printed February, 1907) AKsEL S. Steen: Terrestrial Magnetism. (Printed January, MONG 258 Cri . chsiende gx tera me Serie ae Temas ee aaa cae Ernst Kirti: Die Triasfossilien vom Heureka Sund. Mit 3 heliographischen Tafeln. (Gedruckt Juni 1907) . . O. Norpcaarp: Bryozoa from the 2nd “Fram” Ex- pedition 18981902. With 4 plates. (Printed December, W906) ee we we Be ee a we A a we a EK. Rostrup: Fungi. Collected by H. G. Simmons on the 2nd Norwegian Polar Expedition 1898—1902. (Printed Octoher, 1906). 2 4 a ee wR aw a wee ek Fryar Wau eren: Collembola from the 2nd “Fram” Expedition 1898—1902. (Gedruckt Februar 1907) N. Bryun: Bryophyta in intinere polari Norvagorum secundo collecta. Planche I, II. (Trykt i Juni 1907) . . Hsatmar Brocu: Hydroiden und Medusen. Mit 2 Tafeln. (Gedruckt Martz TOOD): ~ oie ‘o-sue. hy hpi lal eer te ee at Ao chee James A. Griec: Echinodermata. With 3 plates. (Printed August, 1907) . 2. 6 6 ee ee ee : 1-141 1— 82 1— 44 1— 44 1— 10 1i— 6 1—260 1— 12 1— 28 REPORT OF THE SECOND NORWEGIAN ARCTIC EXPEDITION IN THE “FRAM” 1898—1902. No. 5. GUNN. ISACHSEN: ASTRONOMICAL AND GEODETICAL OBSERVATIONS AT THE EXPENSE OF THE FRIDTJOF NANSEN FUND FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE PUBLISHED BY VIDENSKABS-SELSKABET I KRISTIANIA WITH 2 PLATES AND 3 MAPS ee KRISTIANIA PRINTED BY A. W. BROGGER 1907 =D CONTENTS. Page Introductions 6:6 8 25% op By SG lS ee ae ao at om ee 1 Description of the Astronomical and Surveying Instruments. ......... 2 Account of the Surveying . 2. 1. 1. 5 Geographical Position of the Winter Harbours... 1... 6... 1 ee eee 8 Error of Chronometer Kutter on Greenwich Mean Time... .....-.-.-. 12 ObseEvations: se Goce See la ae eG RO A ew ge 12 Results se way a OVE Sek ede, dela GA. & ah A BO RS ap, DD Observations on Sledge-Journeys (Expeditions) ..... GATS Se Bsa aoa 24 First winter harbour 1898—1899 . 2. 6. 1 2 wee ee ee 24 Second — — 1899221900 55 acs ee ahaa Gla Soe ee UP 32 Third — _ 1900: 4190): gdh aa Geo ee an Oe 5t Fourth — =— 1901-1909? 5 i eee ee a Be ee wm ee 92 Triangulation of Gaase Fjord . 2... ee ee ee 126 Notes on the Maps . 2. 1. ee ee 135 Brratay. © ech Goib> pl ey Gee ee a a Ae A SR REA GS ee 144 Plates I & II. Maps [—III. Introduction. The astronomical observations and determinations of geographical position contained in the following pages, were made by Baumann, Fos- HEIM, [SaACHSEN, ScHEI and Sverprur; while A. ALEXANDER, JoH. DauL and Graarup have assisted in the working-out of the observations. As the work had to be hastened on, on account of SveRpRup’s book “Nyt Land” (“New Land”), so that the charting had to be parti- ally based upon the preliminary drawings, certain discrepancies have arisen between the final calculations and the first maps. Where there have been several determinations of the same point, careful discrimination has been exercised; and a number of observations, made under unfortunate circumstances, have been omitted, when obser- vations of the same points have been made later in the course of the expedition under more favorable conditions. The geographical results of the expedition are arranged as follows: I. Description of the Instruments. II. Account of the Surveying. III. Geographical Position of the Winter Harbours; and Error of Chronometer Kutter (Kt.) on Greenwich Mean Time. IV. Observations on Sledge-Journeys. V. Triangulation of Gaase Fjord. In conclusion I would tender my thanks to the above-named assi- stants, as also to Prof. H. Geetmuypen, Christiania, for his ready help before starting on the Expedition. Special thanks are also due to Prof. H. Moun, Director of the Meteorological Institute, Christiania, for his kind advice and revision of the material. - Christiania; 5th April, 1906. Gunn. Isachsen. 2 GUNN. ISACHSEN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM I. Description of the Astronomical and Surveying Instruments. ‘Lie Expedition took with it the following instruments for astro- nomical and surveying observations: 1. A large altazimuth by Onsen & Co. of Christiania. This instru- ment was also used on the Fram Expedition of 1893—96. It was damaged by an accident before the Expedition reached its first winter quarters, and could not be repaired with the means at our disposal. 2. Two smaller altazimuths, marked No. 1 and No. 2, also by OLsen & Co. The telescope, the axis of which is broken by a reflecting prism, has an aperture of 25 mm., a focal length of 20 cm., and a magnifying power of 15 diameters. Both the circles have a diameter of 12 cm., are divided into 20’, and are each read by 2 verniers that give 30”. The verniers of the vertical circle can be made level by means of a spirit-level: and there is a second spirit-level on the alidade of the hon- zontal circle. The angular value of one division of the levels is 15”. There is no screw with pinion for the adjustment of the focus of the telescope for different distances; the adjustment is made by hand, and the eye-piece fixed with ordinary screws. This arrangement, inconvenient as it is when the instrument is to be used for triangulation, had the effect of keeping the optical axis accurately adjusted, even on the sledge- journeys; and the treatment that an instrument of this description is liable to receive on such journeys is anything but gentle. In the course of the four years, both the objective and the eye-piece end had almost worn through the wooden sides of the instrument-case. There is no special stand for this instrument, but it can be fixed to the top of the case by means of a hook, the case itself being then placed upon the snow, while the observer is in a lying position. On most of the journeys, however, a plane-table was taken, and the instru- ment simply placed upon it. 3. An ordinary ship’s sextant by Hecxetmann, Hamburg, reading 10”. 4. Two small pocket-sextants. 1898— 1902. No.4.] ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 3 5. A compass. The card (THomson’s) was one taken out of an ordinary mariners’ compass, and placed in a box made on board. 6. A Necretti & Zampra telescope, with an aperture of 7.4 cm. and a magnifying power of 65 diameters. This was used for the ob- servations of the solar eclipse of the 28th May, 1900. 7. Three odometers were made during the voyage, the first during the winter 1898—99. I made a trial of this in the spring of 1899, and found it very useful on an expedition across Ellesmere Land in the summer of that year. As it proved an excellent contrivance in surveying, two more were made later on. An odometer is a wheel, to the axis of which is attached a regis- tering-apparatus, which records the number of revolutions performed by the wheel. When the circumference of the wheel is known, the distance traversed may be calculated. The relative proportions of the radius of the wheel and the gearing of the registering-apparatus were so arranged that the distance traversed could be read off directly from the latter. (See Pl. I and II.) The registering-apparatus consisted of three endless screws, which geared into three corresponding cog-wheels. Screw No. 1, which was firmly attached to the axle of the wheel, imparted motion to screw No. 2 in 22 revolutions. Screw No. 2 in its turn transmitted motion to screw No. 3 in 36 revolutions. Thus from axle No. 1 to axle No. 3, the number of revolutions was 792. The circumference of the wheel measured 2.341 metres, and therefore in one revolution of axle No. 3, the wheel covered a distance of 2.341 metres < 792 = 1854 metres = 1 nautical mile. Axle No. 3 was furnished with an index, moving on a dial that was divided into tenths of a nautical mile. Hundredths of a mile could be judged. In order to count the whole number of miles, screw No. 4 trans- mitted motion to axle No. 4 in 30 revolutions. The index of axle No. 4 thus registered up to 30 nautical miles. The principle itself is well known and of general application on bicycles and carriages. The difficulty in our case was to obtain a practical connection between sledge and wheel, and to make it sufficiently strong and light. In order that it might be used under varied conditions, the wheel, when connected with the sledge, had to be capable of being moved up, and down, and to the sides, in relation to the sledge; and all the time it must remain upright. 4 GUNN. ISACHSEN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM It was not until 1901 that we found a connection that fulfilled all requirements. It was a kind of “universal coupling”, that was strong and kept in good order on all subsequent expeditions. The weight of the odometer and accessories was 3.9 kilogrammes. Two of our odometers are now with Captain Amunpsen on the “Gjoa”, in polar regions. The Expedition was furnished with 3 box-chronometers, Kutter No. 24 (Kt), Mewes (M), and Fropsuam No. 3555 (Fr). These were placed in a cupboard in Captain Baumann’s cabin at a height of about 1.2 metre above the deck. In the saloon outside, a thermograph had its place at a height of about 1.6 metre above the deck. The thermo- graph was compared daily with the thermometer that hung close be- side it. The pocket-chronometers used on the sledge-journeys — we had six of them — were carried in a watch-pocket below the belt. They were kept in a leather pouch with a lock, which in its turn lay in a loose pocket of cat-skin that had the hair inside. When on _ board, they were kept in the cupboard beside the above-mentioned ship’s chronometers. The chronometer Kutter, which proved to be the most uniform in rate, formed the basis upon which all the calculations were made. The error of the chronometer Kutter on Greenwich mean time is given below in Part III. The results are not smoothed, as the probable degree of accuracy is scarcely large enough to give any value to a smoothing of the few data. A comparison with the rate of the other chronometers has given us no reason to doubt the correctness of the difference in longitude between the winter haven of 1899 and that of 1900. Observations made on a sledge-expedition to Beechey Island (deter- mined by several British expeditions), verify the longitude of the last two of the Expedition’s winter havens. 1898—1902. No.4.] ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 5 II. Account of the Surveying. Hayes Fjord, Beitstad Fjord and Jékel Fjord were surveyed during the autumn of 1898. A base-line of 1100 metres was measured at the station “Fort Juliane”. In the spring of 1899, a base-line of 1500 metres was measured at the head of Flagler Fjord; and from this line the work was continued eastwards with points and offsets, thereby establishing a connection with the points laid down the previous autumn. Mainly for purposes of verification, further base-lines were measured at the head of Alexandra Fjord and on Cocked Hat Island. The azimuth of the network of triangles was determined by azimuth observations (the line from Kjothaugen to Cape Camperdown). The initial point of the surveying was the geographical position of the winter haven. Its latitude was determined by several meridian observations of the sun, and its longitude by several series of Junar. distances. For the mutual verification of instruments and measurements, deter- minations of latitude and longitude were made in several localities by means of solar observations and pocket chronometers. For the actual surveying, a plane-table and a kippregel were used; and at the more important points, angles were measured with the theodolite. The starting-points for the mapping-operations of the years 1899 to 1902 were the positions of the various winter havens. The latitude of the winter haven in Havne Fjord, Jones’ Sound, and also that of the other two winter havens, is the mean of several meridian observations of the sun. The longitude of the winter haven in Havne Fjord was determined by observation of the solar eclipse in May, 1900; that of the winter haven in Gaase Fjord, 1900—01, was found by observations there in June, 1900, in relation to that of Havne Fjord, with the aid of one of 6 GUNN. ISACHSEN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM our best pocket-chronometers. The longitude of the fourth winter haven, 1901—02, in Gaase Fjord, was determined in relation to that of the third, by triangulation in the summer of 1902. In the autumn of 1899, I was engaged in surveying in Jones’ Sound — the region east of Havne Fjord — in very much the same manner as in our first winter quarters. My plan in my first work in 1900 was to use, instead of a plane- table, the altazimuth for angles, and the odometer for distances; but there were many hindrances to this method. The employment of the altazimuth for terrestrial purposes presupposes clear weather, of which there was exceedingly little at that time of year. On such expeditions too, the time that can be spared for waiting is limited. We therefore greatly felt the want of a large compass on this expedition; but we had only one, and that was being used by Sverprup. The tract mapped by him north of Cape Farewell was thus determined by compass, and by the distances traversed by odometer. It was also very unfortunate for us that the odometer’s coupling with the sledge broke three times over the rough pack-ice, the last time irreparably. Surveying operations in 1901 and 1902 were carried on with plane- table, kippregel, and odometer, the last-named having now attained almost “perfection”. The points were further verified by astronomical observations with an altazimuth or a pocket sextant. This was necessary, as the recorded traversed distances between two points are of course somewhat greater than they are in reality, on account of the impossibility of going in a perfectly straight line. The western part of Jones’ Sound, Hell Gate (Helvedsporten), and a few other tracts, were surveyed without using the odometer, principally on boat-expeditions. The island of St. Helena, off Cotm Arcuer Peninsula, was an important point as far as the first of the above districts was concerned. Its position was found from the triangulation of Gaase Fjord, mentioned above and below, in 1902, from azimuths observed from points in Gaase Fjord, that are intersected by the mean of several observations of latitude made on St. Helena. Thus, with the assistance of St. Helena, points on the north side of Jones’ Sound were connected with points on its south side. In order to verify these points, several determinations of longitude were also made by sun and chronometer, and several points were marked by Sumner’s lines. 1898—1902. No.4] ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. fi Gaase Fjord and adjoining districts were triangulated during the summer of 1902, starting from a repeatedly measured base-line of 1500 metres, on the ice of the fjord. In this triangulalion, azimuths were taken northwards to Bear Cape Land (Bjornekaplandet), and southwards — as already mentioned — to St. Helena and other points. This connects the most northerly and westerly points of our region with those farthest south and east, all being based upon the geographical position of the winter haven. This was the main purpose of the triangulation, during which trigonometrical measurements of altitude were also made. The mode of travelling in arctic regions makes altimetry difficult. Most of our altitudes have been obtained by reducing readings of pocket aneroid baromelers. The error of these instruments, however, under- went great changes, owing to the rough treatment to which the driving with dogs in arctic regions subjects, them. . In addition to barometers, we had with us, as a rule, other instru- ments for hypsometric measurements; but, as already indicated, no small proportion of our altitudes were measured trigonometrically. During the winter months, our observations were worked out, and maps were constructed and drawn (principally on Mercator’s projection). Great assistance in calculating was afforded by Borecen’s tables on Mercator’s function (see Prof. C. Borgen, “Ueber die Auflésung nautisch- astronomischer Aufgaben”; Hamburg, 1898). ‘These were moreover easily carried on expeditions, as they numbered only ten pages. All our measurements were made in low temperatures, from a few degrees of heat down to about 50° C below zero. There were therefore difficulties connected with the work, and not infrequently as a conse- quence of this, a whole series of observations had to be rejected, or the observations repeated. Some of us, too, might have something to tell of the difficulty of carrying on this kind of work with eyes that are strained with a bright sun and reflected light. 3 GUNN. ISACHSEN. [2ND ARC, EXP. FRAM IIT. The Geographical Position of the Winter Harbours, and the Errors of Chronometer Kutter on Greenwich Mean Time. The latitude and longitude of the various winter harbours is the point of departure for the surveying of the arctic regions visited by the Expedition. These observations are taken by Baumann, First Winter Harbour in Rice Strait, 1898—99. The Latitude is found, from 3 meridian altitudes of the sun, to be 78° 45/7 N. The Longitude is found, by a set of 7 lunar distances, to be Z 59" 465 or 74° 56.45. W. of Greenwich. Observations for Latitude by Sextant. Day. Qh. I. E. b. t. Latitude. 1899. April 25 . |@ 48°38'10") — 3/50" 761.3 mm. | — 17.°2 C.| 78° 45' 55" = — 6. (Osea) =4 0 | moe — | 208 ,) . — a0 — May 4 . |©@54 1020} —4 0 77442 — |— 163 ,) , 4 42 2h = double altitudes read. I. E.=Index-Error. b= Barometer. mm. . = Temp. of air C. 1898— 1902. No.4.] ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 9 Observations for Longitude. 1899. July 3. Lunar distances from the Sun. J. E. = — 3/40”. Watch No. 5. Kutter. Distance. Longitude. h m 8 h m s h m 8 5 97 16.0 Q9 5 57.5 48° 10' 20 4 59 43.8 47 44.0 26 95.7 48 0 40 5 0 38.6 50 11. 0 98 52.5 47 59 50 5 0 10.1 52 96.5 31-8. 0 » 59% 4 58 54.7 6 16 11.0 54 52.5 » 48 2 5 0 25 17 43.0 56 24. 5 » 4750 4 59 34.2 20 49. 0 59 30.5 47 46 30 4 59 15. Mean error of one observation = + 39. 4. Second Winter Harbour in Havnefjord, 1899—1900. The Latitude is found, from 4 meridian altitudes of the sun, to be 76° 29.4 N. The Longitude is found from the observation of the solar eclipse on the 28th May, 1900, to be 5' 36” 15° or 84° 4 W. of Greenwich. Observations for Latitude by Sextant. Day. © 2h. LE. b. t. Latitude. 1899. Sept. 20 . | 28°39 0” | — 3! 30" 758.7 = 838 76° 29! 97" 1900. April 25 . | 538 1 50 — 3 30 762.9 — 95 aw 22 — —|— @ .1/8 37 0 | +0 10 765.0 | a _ — 97 . | 54 15 30 +0 10 770.0 — 20.8 »n 9 24 Observations for Longitude. 1900. May 27 (28) Eclipse of the Sun. First Contact. Last Contact. h m s bh m 8 Watch No. 5 20 34 «0 21 438 50 Corr. to Kutter + 5 31 51.5 +5 31 515 Kutter—L. M.T. — 5 31 30 — 5 31 30 L. M. T. 20 84 21.5 21 44 «11.5 Longitude 84° 6° 47" 88°59" 49" 10 GUNN. ISACHSEN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM The observer thinks it probable that the first contact observed is about 15 seconds too late. This would make the longitude 84° 10‘ 28”. The adopted longitude is 84° 4’ West of Greenwich. Third Winter Harbour in Gaasefjord, 1900 —1901. The Latitude is found, from three meridian altitudes of the sun, to be 76° 48/9 N. The Longitude is found, by transport of chronometer on a voyage in the spring of 1900 from the second to the third winter harbour, to be 5" 54" 38° or 88° 39.5 West of Greenwich. Observations for Latitude by Sextant. Day. ® Qh. I. E. t. Latitude. 1901. April 25 58° 13’ 35" + 30" 766.5 — 23.9 76° 48' 56.8 — May 381 70 43 10 + 45 770.6 — 11.7 » » 46.9 — June 22 73 49 10 + 40 755.1 | + 16 » » 526 Observations for Longitude. Havnefjord, 1900. June 5. June 21. June 10. bom 8 h m 8 Watch Sverdrup—Kutter . —09 3885]/—0 9 185 Kutter—L. M. T. . — 531 40 — 538 59 bh mies Sverdrup—L. M. T. . ( - 541 185 | —541 17.5] —5 41 188 1898— 1902. No.4.] ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 11 Third Winter Harbour. Head of Gaasefjord. Sextant. I. E.=0. b = 760. t=0° 1900. June 10. Watch Sverdrup. Qh. “L. M. I Sv.-L. M. T ho s h m 8 h ms 1 52 #7 @: 56° 55! 80" 19 54 21.3 5 59 32.7 55 41 57 17 50 1 53 34 © 58 7 40 19 54 36.9 31.1 54. 42 1h 0 1 57 19 » 57 27 10 19 59 182 : 31.8 60 28 48 0 1 58 ~) 58 85 40 19 59 1.5 34.0 59 6.5 42 10 h ms bh m os h " rs Mean 1 56 21.9 19 56 49.5 — 5 59 3824 Havnefjord . — 5 41 188 Gaasefjord—Havnefjord . 0 18 13.6 Havnefjord Longitude . 5 386 15 Gaasefjord Longitude . 5 54 28.6 The observation-station on shore at the head of Gaasefjord is situated 9.°4 East of the position of the Fram in the third winter har- bour. The Longitude of the Fram consequently becomes 5° 54™ 28.°6 + 9.°4 or 5" 54™ 38° West of Greenwich. Fourth Winter Harbour in Gaasefjord 1901—02. The Latitude and Longitude were determined by the triangulation of Gaasefjord. Latitude 76° 39 49” N. Longitude 5' 54" 33° or 88° 38’ W. of Greenwich. [2D ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. 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EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 14 of of oz tz 9S ‘yz @) o a 2S or 1$ 9S yz ©) oz g «(Of 10S SF o9S yz @ ‘QUILT URI, YImuseing, UO Jayny JojouTrOUoIY) jo 1011 oz oF og it L ook LE o1 of L £5 1 g'09! q o1 6F re) ‘AT oot +£ L off 18 $+ M-WT s w sw ‘S con WORM ‘ue ‘Fz aun{ ‘oo6r oS tr Sb ob iz 6£ + , bs — } Sb fb g'6SL q SE cb 170 ‘a gi gt zie S+ MM sw q sw “SON WOVE AA ‘wd gz Avy ‘0061 6b gt of ZI o ud Ig — 1 o'Sz GI bogl q ol ¥1 0 AT of1 6 L Ero if $+ M-M s wu Y s uw q “S tON QOHEM ‘me ‘Lz fey ‘0061 ‘) tury jo ainjeroduay } — “wu yojomloIeg 4 of Lt of 6S zh ‘qz © o Sf ib i Ol A th yz © ‘long xXepay 3A] oo «Et oft 10 + olv tr ovzz of + o1 6 F o1 LE F sw SON DIEM ool £1 SiS ir L oot +1 oSz o1 L sum y “SON HOWE fz tr of zr S o£ SF f ab s w y “SON YOR. — ‘youeM snug wy + M7 A 94} JO uOHeUIMIIJEq FY} JOJ SUOT}EAIISGO Ps te OL = bSok 19 Grs 18 $+ s mw ‘md ‘gz Avy E91 — 6°SoL ol + oss 1€ GS + s wm y ‘we ‘gt AeA 15 ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 1898—1902, No. 4.] of 6€ S*gS gt or gI o St Lt SoS LE + SE ) of Ez $$ ‘yz © zgSh q ‘yz © of 62 S:zS 6€ ot + ‘ATT ar or L pol FS oof Sor of b Sr rE $+ M-T o1 6z +S s wm su q yz @) qe “SON TIEM ‘wd “gz Amnf ‘0061 o 7S SS o € of Wz ie of + tr Le € o LE tS oF gb tr gh o 61 o €z $$ ‘yz © yz) of 11 €t cS bt 61 o tt nos FE ozb €€ 6S gi oF 1€ 9S s mw "YZ © ‘qz © of of SS tz 9S ae gs #S gi yz ® €s LS oz FE 6£ zS$ gI o1 Sz gS yz © Sz of o$ oF Sz th gt fr } oS o1 LS gst qa yew gz gt joer ‘AT oz 6+ oz z¥ gI cr we $+ MT no OF LS sw qq sm “SON OIE ‘me “gz Atn{ ‘ooo! ‘yz @ ‘9 ‘ary Jo amjpeadmay } — ‘ww Jajawoiwg q — “Joy xXapuy sq iy — gS zb LS 1b = Sb ob b tS LE gi gf F ££ 6€ tS zf b 61 of € 62 + $ 1 S-zol q Er if 10 ‘A GS lev Sze re $+ M-3 s uw q - s wu q S ‘ON YEN. ‘ud ‘kz aunf{ ‘oo61 ob 1S 6 oS L o & of gt L orgt tt o6 ff Ll su y “SON yore ‘we bz aunf ‘oo061 ‘yoeM SNUIUT JayNy 2s My-3 ‘QUIL], URI YIIMUeIH UO J9}INY JaJaWOUOIYD JO JO1IG 9Y} JO UOeUIUIII}Eq ay} J0J sUOTJeAIASqO GUNN. ISACHSEN. 16 [2ND ARC. EXP, FRAM SS of oS it 08 ,LE 9% “yz ) of 62 oz gf gz yz ©) oz 61 0% ,zt Sz "yz oz Lt Oo IF gz qe oz gt jO8 OF St YZ ‘IWIY URIP! YOMUeI) UO Ja}INY JoyoMOTOIY) jo Sof — } Sof Eb tzol q ob zP woe oe ‘AI ogh iF 61 SSh oS o+ MT Ss wu Y s wu q “S CON GOE MM ‘we *z [udy ‘1061 LE L gf S z gh gs WS + ‘aT 61 ¢b z SSho 4+ MT 8 Tm | sw “SON WORM ‘ad ‘1€ youepy “1063 S67 1S oS1 oS 61 giof — 1 SLL q Sof 2S nit + ‘ATT ofS gh 61 gyro L+ MM s uw q sw ‘SON YOURE M, ‘ue ‘IE yorepy “1061 Gai b Sof g 0% sw “SON YORRM ‘me “6 jsndny ‘oo6! ‘9 ‘ny jo amjesadway } — ‘Ww seyawoleg q oS fF oz oS oF ‘yz © o St of SS SF ‘yz © GS zr oS Li Lt “YZ © or F 07 ,1Z OP ye © ‘ONY Xapuy syT — Gob S 0% GSh Z oz o6E 1 Of FE 6S LE gS 61 Ivo 07% oz LS 61 sw q “SON TOTEM oz Lb Ser gt + o gb gs th + S'zS zh Sq zr Geb fb oo 1b t sw ‘SON DIEM “yoye A, snurw Jayny 7 MOOT I'l LLSL i a oLlS of $+ sw ‘ue °6 ysnsny ‘urd *gz Aqnf 1OIIG FY} JO UOIUIWII}Iq 94} JOJ SUOTIEAIOSIO ‘0061 17 ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 1898—1902. No.5.] oz Lz ol If b FF Oo gt oS 14 105 ,08 449 "yz © oS of oS 1F o gf ot F£ o1 If mek4 Lz oL9 reac oz 6S gS of & oF 9g 6% "yz © ” FE 6£ yor + ‘A 6 gt 61 sé gs $+ MT ov 9 gh zz oe Pree of £€ 66 bi zz ‘uasuueyof yey ‘we ‘zz A[n{ “1061 | 08 05 988 of 12:02 sw 6 of qz © SON EM gi 6z of gz g } on we snl 6 zS Lz brSL a eager cE +S G1 Lz id - : W' eur 6f £5 oe ee fe oe 1,08 ,£5 68 eae e ‘dnipsaas yey ‘ud ‘zz aunf ‘1061 ; Peas yz ©) S ‘oN WoIeEM LS gz gk tz or €£$ 1g 1 L tz a i of Lr gh o oz Lz €% bSSL q ob 1b tr 6S iF 7% veh + “aT yok Of ,6F €S gS 61 1S 1% 1% Sle gS S+ Mw KM s wu q sw Y sw “ye Ce) CON Ye ‘dnipsaas oye Ay ‘me ‘zz aunf ‘1061 “¥- $6 — } ‘ gz 9% €Lol q oz 9f SS ze 6F Sz 08 + aT o£ oF Sr Zé gi Sz & Goz 9S S+ M-M of ,Lb 9% SoS of z s w y sw - s uw Y “S con WEN ‘wd ‘of Avy ‘1061 ‘yz © "S ‘ON WEA “7 ary jo ameoduay 7 — ‘Ww JoJaWOseg q — “JOIY-xapuy Sy] — “eM smu yoyNy * MM ‘ue “Of Ae ote — g Sol Wak + zo t$ $ + s wu ‘md “Sz pudy g'zz — aLol St + Gig t$ $4 sw y ‘ue. Sz judy soz — S'ogl WS + bh oS go + * = Ue ‘wd ‘z judy ‘ou, ues YIIMUIIAT) Go Ja}}NyY dJaJaMouoIYyy) jo AOI FY} Jo Uo! eUulm419j90q 94} 10s SUOI}BAIISGC [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 18 of 6£ S¢ ob ¢ ob gk z Sb SS 1 oS If Lyo € oOo oS gS os gs LS o o1 gs 9S o Gi 9 9S yO ,O% Gtk gs tS z : 8s w yz SON YEA Oo oz LS 1S o SI +S o$ Oo O1 € of o $ SS gb yO ,O ozb Zz gh oz sw ‘qz @ ‘SON TIP oS g! ob St €1 Sb ob oz bb SE 1z €F Of o IP Lz tbh oz 6s uw yz ‘S$ ON TIEM ‘9 ‘iny jo oinjerodwuay } rez — Lzgl SE + eo €6 $+ su ‘wd tiz judy su ‘me iz judy ghz — EEL woe es 6S $+ s wu q ‘we iz judy —— ‘tt ‘dr Jayowoleg q ‘zo6! ? q ‘aT Mx ‘zoor ‘IOI Y-XIPuy or 0 oot aT 1b Li ¢ $6 gz 6 tz sw S ‘on qolem ‘S cON yore 6F 0 9 gi 6S 1S LS sou q gS oF of Sb Le €b Ze tb gS oF 61 Ss wu “Qoye Ay SNUIWE JOIN ‘uasuuryof Yyo}e Ay, “MM 661 — V7Llh Wak + ge ro G+ s wu ‘ud ‘Lz yore £°0f — o'ggl yt + ge tS S + sw ‘me Le youre gt zogl or + gE g S+ Ss w ‘ud *zz Apnf Le S6SL ‘omy ~UReoR YIIMuso1n UO Jany JoJoWoUuOIyY Jo JOIIG BY} Jo UOIJVUIWIIIJIG BY} IOJ SUOIJEAIISGC ~ 19 1898—1902. No.5.] ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. $1 OY 4 Gz of SE ob Sb ote ol Sr oz Sz of S€ job ,zS oz Sz of SE ob Sb 108 65 ‘yt © Sob SE oS oz Sb G1 SE Sb oor bb ovgr ¥& ob oFr €F Sof ff ZQ— } Se oti zh ofS ze i'bol q of oe iv og 2 jet ‘al Sz o'gz oF orzz 1€ S ofz SSS+ M-M 0% 6S o'FE 6€ oz sw s uw q s Ww ozS L ob GSS ze 06 L SE SL zc O77 9 of S61 1f o'gt S QO = } Sz SEE of Soh PF o'bol q oz o'gh 6z o'9 + Wit + ‘aT St of 62 Sli €g + oz $$ $+ M-3 jO1 42S o'61 gz 61 sw s wm su q OLE 9S St s6 § Geb SS ob o'gz F olb ¢S SE oSbh £ o'gh €S g'9 — } of S65 z CLS 2S o'bol q Sz obi z obs 1S nie + ‘AT oz Sze 1 o'gS oS z Sgr SS $+ M-o SI tb o6F o gi s wm s wm s wu q “SON WOW ‘ud ‘hz Ae *z061 ‘yz @ SON OEM ‘) any Jo amyedway } — ‘ww Jajawomg q — “JONNY xXepuy sq 'y — “yore, snur sJayNy 2 M-y 16— } g Fgh q Wk + ‘al Sgr S$ S+ M-3 sw Y 1‘o1 — } gh q WS + ec | o$1 S$ $4 wy-y 8s uw “aur : } SEoL qd nak + “at Sir SSS 4+ M3 sw q ‘ure “hz Aepy *zo6r ‘QUT, URW YIIMUa—aIN UO JazjNy JaJEWIOUOIYD JO J011q 24) JO VOHeUIUIII}I9G OY} Joy SUOTeAIASGO [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 20 SF (09 ‘4z © Sv oF SE of Sz ot $1.09 o'6E 6S or oLr SS OEP QS S$ olb +S o'gh LS o og So +S o1S 9S 9S 6S oz £S oz o$$ SS oe AL, oS +S ‘yz @ 'S ‘ON IDEM or +S o'SS 2S 6°S } S o% g or 2S Logl q ol oz L of 1 ws t+ ‘aT $1 ork g o8 oe z og’ S$ S$+ M-¥ oz o'gk S 7 sw Y i “SON YOIEM ‘wd ‘oz Ajn{ ‘zo61 poate vs Bs se yz © ‘SON WOE S28 Czb 1 Sz o'7z Oo 61 OSE o 12 ot ol 6S orb 6S $1 OLS g& Szb gS o1 orgr gf obb LS ii ogz LS gi olb 9S oz ane: a a ‘yz © “SON OEM ‘O ‘ny jo amyeredway } — ‘ww iyworeg q — ‘JONG xepul sq] — ‘youeAA snum WAY IM" ‘we ‘oz Apaf 69 6'gqL re a wh Sh S+ s uw ‘wd 62 ounf 99 S694 ie mi + zor Sb GS + s wu | ‘we ‘6 aunf ‘OUT UeOW] YOIMUIIID UO J9}jNy Ja}aWOUOIYD Jo JO1Iq a4} JO VOIeUIWII}9q 9Y} 105 SUOTZEAIISqO 21 1898—1902. No.5.] ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. ant = . o of Sof b1 bli q o Sb S98 1 wet "al o oF Sgb z1 Ol ff OF S‘gz 61 0% o SE ° SbS i paar: 0 ,0f,¢S Sor if 12 ‘yz © “SON UDIE AY cee ‘9 Avy ‘2061 ‘qz © o of Sbz 1S o S$ S6r 9 o S$ €£$ ; S'of oS oo #5 S19 ome) SOE 6F o $$ Sur § 50° 45) a PS SES ghz 0 ,0S 4£S Sfz F 12 su Y sw y yz @) "SON OREM ‘yz © “SON FEM “S$ Ae “co6r , 7 TS SER Gz SSS « UOON ‘oz Aep ‘z061 olb €6 $9 + = M-T ‘ue 6 Ee judy ‘zo61 sum q qT yuryxag «SON GqoeM ‘NNVWAVG :12A198qQ ‘yeysdey jo yynos apm ‘neu So aoeg — ‘“M ,PS 16 “Buoy ‘NH ,Eb PL yeT ‘puelsy Aysoog ‘9 ‘ary Jo ammjeroduiay } — ‘ww sayawoIRg q — “JOUY xXepuy sy] — “qoeay snurw ayny : M-y 138 ueof YoIIMuUsva1X) UO J9zNY JaJaWMOUOIYY jo ADIT VY} jo UOljRUIMIIII9G 94} JO; suol}eAlIasqcC “2061 99 GUNN. ISACHSEN, [QND ARC. EXP, FRAM Results. Greenwich Mean Time (Gr. M. T.) = Local Mean Time (L. M. T.) + Longitude. Gr, M. T. L. M. T. Gr. M. T. Kutter Gr.-K,. Mean hm 3s hm s hms m s m s 1899. May 5 20 54 47.0 | 1 54 33.0) 1 48 395] +5 53.5 4 45 30.8 9 45 22.8 9 39 14.2 6 38.8 +6 WI 6 20 45 22.0 1 45 18.0 139 6.7 6 11.3 6 11.3 29 20 23 8.6 I 22 54.6 1 16 28.0 6 26.6 20 27 32.3 E27 18.3 I 20 33.5 6 44.8 6 56 26.9 | fr 56 12.9 | II 49 54.7 6 18.2 6 59 53-1 | 11 59 39.0 | II 53 27.3 6 11.8 6 25.4 July 5 20 9 54.5 | 1 9 405} 1 2 55.0 6 45-5 20 15 32.6 1 15 18.6 1 8 35.0 6 43.6 20 10 33.8 I Jo 19.8 I 3 31.0 6 48.8 20 18 34.8 1 18 20.8 1 11 28.0 6 52.8 6 47.7 1899. October 1 8 24 14.9 | 14 © 29.9 | 13 53 50.0 6 39.9 2 7 32 39.5] 13 8 54.5] 13 2 4.3 6 50.2 8 729 1§.0] 13 5 30.0] 12 §8 35.0 6 55.0 1900. March 9 7 35 48.3 | 13 12 3.3] 13 5 59.3 6 4.0 April 27 4 12 23.3} 9 48 38.3 | 9 43 13.7 5 24.6 28 19 §8 22.7 I 34 37.7 I 29 24.0 5 137 4 I 52.0 9 38 7.0 9 32 45.0 5 12.0 5 12.9 30 19 54 10,1 I 30 25.1 I 25 12.7 5 12.4 5 12.4 ‘May = 25 1g 10 24.0] 0 46 39.0] © 41 29.3 5 9.7 19 IT 30.3 | 0 47 45.3 | © 42 55.7 4 49.6 5 34 04] If 10 15.4] Ir 5§ 32.8 4 42.6 5 37 14.8} 11 13 29.8] 11 8 47.8 4 42.0 5 43 50.3] 11 20 5.3 | 11 15 19.3 4 46.0 5 43 55.9 | 11 20 10.9] 11 15 28.8 4 42.1 4 48.7 20 19 12 52.0 0 49 7.0 o 44 18.0 4 49.0 19 12 59.5] 0 49 14.5 | © 44 26.3 4 48.2 4 37 33.2 | 10 13 48.2 | 10 55-5, 4 53-7 4 39 20.0 | 10 15 35.0} IO JO §5.5 4 39-5 4 42 59.9 | 10 19 14.9 } 10 14 29.0 4.45.9 4 42 49.0] 1019 4.0 | 10 14 16.0 4 48.0 4 47-4 27 19 13 19.1 | © 49 34.1 | 0 44 49.8 4 44.3 19 13 56.7 © 50 11.7 © 45 20.8 4 50.9 4 47.6 28 4 41 53.7] 10 8.7 | 10 13 24.7 4 44.0 442 0.9] 10 18 15.9 | 10 13 30. 2 6 June 24 19 36 18.6 I 12 33.6 1 8 oe : ae vas 19 36 14.5 I 12 29.5 1 8 18.5 4 11.0 19 43 14.2 I 19 209.2 1 15 18.0 4 11.2 19 43 30.3 119 45.3 T 15 315 4 13.8 19 50 16.6 1 26 31.6 I 22 18.0 4 13.6 19 50 25.2 I 26 40.2 I 22 27.5 4 12.7 4 28 58.9 | Io 5 13.9 | 10 0 586.5 417.4 429 66] 10 § 21.6] 10 1 13.5 4 81 4 35 47.3 | 10 12 2.3 | 10 7 46.0 4 16.3 4 36 35.9 | 10 12 50.9 | 10 8 37.5 4 13.4 4 41 56.5 | 10 a 11.5 | 10 13 56.5 4 15.0 ; 4 41 59.0 | 1018 14.0} 10 14 0.0 14.0 13.0 July 28 18 43 54.3 © 20 9.3 fo) to 24.5 : ee nee 18 44 2.2 © 20 17.2 © 16 26.5 3 50.7 18 53 46.1 0 30 II © 26 17.5 3 43.6 18 54 19.4 © 30 34.4 © 26 42.5 3 51.9 19 0 48.9] © 37 3.9] © 33 15.5 3 48.4 19 O 42.8 oO 36 57.8 © 33 9.0 3 48.8 4 36 34.4 | 10 12 49.4 | 10 9 3.0 3 46.4 4 36 57.5 | 10 13 12.5] 10 9 30.5 3 42.0 4 40 54.4 | 1017 9.4 | 10 13 23.3 3 46.1 4 40 57.7 | 10 17 12.7 | 10 13 31.0 3 41.7 4 44 57-9 | 10 21 12.9 | 10 17 30.5 3 42.4 445 9.2 | 10 21 24.2 | 10 17 44.3 3 39.9 3 46.3 August 9 "9 57 22.2 | 1 33 37.21 4 29 57.5 3 39.7 1898-1902. No.5.] ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 23 Results. Greenwich Mean Time (Gr. M. T.) = Local Mean Time (L. M. T.) + Longitude. Gr. M. T. L. M. T Gr. M. T. Kutter Gr.-K. Mean : hm s hms hm s m 8 m s 1900, August 9 19 57 24.5 1 33 39.5 130 2.5 + 3 37.0 20 1 31.8 1 37 46.8 134 7.3 3 39.5 20 1 38.7 | 1 37 53-7 | 1 34 20.0 3 33-7 20 5 11.0 I 4t 26.0 1 37 47-5 3 38. 20 5 10.8 I 41 25.8 1 37 48.5 3 37.3 + 3 37.6 1901. March 31 20 58 IG.1 2 52 57.1 2 51 27.8 I 29.3 20 58 37.1 2 53 15.1 2 51 38.3 1 36. 3 14 18.0 9 8 56.0 9 17 19.0 I 37.0 3 14 25.6 9 9 3.6 9 7 32.0 I 31.6 I 33.7 April 2 20 40 22.9] 2.35, 0.9 2.33 29,3 I 33.6 : 3 29 31.7 9 24 9.7 9 22 39.5 1 30.2 T 31.9 25 20 2 5.2 1 56 43.2 155 5.5 1 377 3.55 57-9 | 9 50 35.0) 9 48 57.8 1 37.2 1 37-5 May 30 20 26 0.6 2 20 38.6 2 18 39.0 I 59.6 3 29 23.8 924 1.8 Q 22 17.5 I 44.3 I 52.0 June 22 21 29 41.2 3 24 19.2 3 22 25.7 1 53.5 2 33 34.5 8 28 12.5 8 26 28.3 1 44.2 - 1 48.9 July 22 18 58 33.4 © 53 11.4 oO 5! Qt 2) 2.3 5.12 23.2 | If 7 124, 1l § 1.7 T 59.5 2 0.9 1902. March 27 20 42 17.1 2 36 50.1 2 30 §2.5 5 57.6 20 49 49.6 2 44 22.6 2 38 27.0 5 55.6 3 23 47.4 9 18 20.4 9 12 19.0 6 1.4 3 31 22.2 | 9 25 55.2 | 9 19 47.3 6° 7.9 5 58.1 April 21 20 50 26.0 2 44 59.0 2 38 12.4 6 36.6 20 56 9.4 2 50 42.4 2 43 51.2 6 51.2 3 3 20.6 8 57 53.6 8 50 51.8 7 18. 3 9 4.1 9 3 37.1 8 56 38.8 6 58.3 6 52.0 May 24 18 Ir 55.2 o 6 28.2 | 23 58 111 8 17.1 19 39 37.3 I 34 10.3 I 25 50.1 8 20.2 20 51 21.3 2 45 54.3 2 37 37.6 8 16.7 3 3 18.8 8 57 51.8 8 49 7.8 8 44.0 414 44.1 | 10 917.1 | 10 © 57.1 8 20.0 5 42 21.7 | 11 36 54.7] 11 28 57.9 7 56.8 8 19.1 June 29 18 59 14.4 © 53 47-4 0 44 6.2 9 41.2 § 6 32.4 | 11 I 5.4 | I0 51 39.0 9 26.4 9 33.8 July 20 21 7 2.9 3 I 35.9 2 51 24.0 10 11.9 3 4 63 8 58 39.3 8 48 32.7 10 6.6 10 9.3 The observations on Beechy Island give m s 1902, May 5 Gr.-K. +7 22 24 GUNN. ISACHSEN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Observations on expeditions. IV. During the stay in the first winter harbour 1898—99. Correction to Correction to Observer Instrument Watch Chronometer Kutter Chronometer Kutter on starting on return , hm s hm s Sverdrup Pocket sextant] Sverdrup | 1899, April17 +3 55 36 | 1899, May 8 +3 55 33.5 with horizon- glass Isachsen Altazimuth No. 6 1899, May 23 +359 28.5 1899, July 5 +3 58 55.5 No, 1 Schei Altazimuth No. 2 25 ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 1898—1902. No.5.] “umopisduerg adea Ser — ET 21 96% = St gtr @ oof ‘suoy ‘ddns 6,1 €L og — dway [1'99l 2,1 ‘req ‘:pseoq uo] yey uasqoes] 6 Ae ‘Tq se[8epq ur uakqourysy Shot ‘ql 18 0967 $11 © 10F gL “Buc, ‘ddng z',$ 64 B'o8t — ‘dway [z‘lol o€1 seg :pse0oq uo] yey uasyoes] Lz judy 6S oF oI 1$ 1é G1 + AI tro 6b £1 gz = IM 1UQEE “yz © ats aM ‘unde ‘Ayeoo] ates | OL Ez $— ¥ o- Lb .og [4,$1 — ‘dmay ESL 6.6 ‘seg :pie0q 10] “suo07] dnipiaas of Judy su y ‘piofyy Aeg pue ac 36 Po ‘Ly Ja[8epq uasajaq snwysy ‘ + AT O18 “Yr © ,2¥ (0g ‘suoy ‘ddns gS (64 [goz1 — ‘dway g'SSL €€1 ‘seg :pseoq uo] yey dnipiaas of judy of bz 9S oz £€ bs b+ ca 6 Zz S‘gf 2S Ls = SPE of 0S ,1f “yz © SSE gb g s w q en ‘pioly 128ey Jo pray ; YB Me 6 6h ‘wet cddng | ror t1 $— y S28 og [S'9g1 — ‘dway €oLlL 6,6 ‘seg :pieoq uc] *Bu0'T dnipsaas rz judy s a 66g1 suoljearasqo suor]eAlas : JOAqas FY Ayyeoo'] 3 Asay ! 40 Ga tag AJasqO eq [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 26 Gz os gz bof = S'gz bz1 S'6f 9 6S gf SE SS SE Stz LEE z gz OF 1€ tof SIE bet SS gS i Gr of - of SS Soz GEz 6b 2S o Og gf tot SE bz oS 6+ ge gf SSz S$ gz SEz g Sb gz Ls ob tof = =S'oF bz 6S 6£ bS fz 42,55 fT 9F% @ Shr bE 1M : : raped “AyyLooy awes Lite gl ook + ‘dway [6294 b°o$1 “1eg epimod Gi] ‘yey uasyoes] L, aunf of Lb Gib bof zh ber gz bz SE zh F258 279% ©) b oti tM a 8s uw “AyeOOT aures ghz og ont + ‘duay [€°f9L 091 “I¥gq :preoq uO] yey uasqors] £ aunf : gr of €z zg Gzz zbz Sok z 6 oz £°S 6z Loz 6z Li gf 6S Le of Sh zg tho zbe Sela SS 61 gS 6 loz Sg Lit Sz 2S bs zt Gz £9 z Ehz or 6+ gi 6s of g6z - S'6F. gi Sb SP Le of gz fo gz Ebz ££ ob G1 o9 Lz got = S*Sz git gs LE Seb fo Sb fhe Sz bE o1 96z 6 gil g zt Sh 6S z +o z bbe S6S 6z ehy _ 2 hgh 9¥ Sl © ee. “M ie -spniaysuig Yapueaaig yy | OLb Lz S— 7 oF LS 51g | ‘aay ‘MaQ Of + ‘dway [PF SgL 1.0% eq :pie0q uC] “Bu0'_T uasyoes| L sunf Paw 66g1 Ayypesoy }[NS2XJ suonealasqQ oe IJAIISGO aeqg 27 ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 1898~1902. No. 5.] SG Sie Sh zgz € zo ZZ Bz “910813 Se Sh 195 £6 198 48% © o oe ‘M . wSupiyy ay} uo ‘puey asawisal]y €°,Sz cl Sg — ‘dway [€'ofL $°,£1 ‘seq :pivoq uc] ‘yey uasyoesy | $3—hi aunf EE ES zh tot eb bz o1 LS th 6'z SLi SS Li S€z gi SS gh wz 6£ tot ob tz1 SE oS LE bb Gzz SS zt St ‘Sb OLY zh 6% LE big LE ver 'g ott 61 gS 19% 998 19%,9£% @) GShoho'mM : = $ wy oe “Ayeoo] awes £82 gL o$ + ‘dwar [S*f94 Boll ‘Weg ipseoqg ug] eq uasyorsy g aunf Se a GSb fof Sob bz Sb LE i a ad (Sea 8S ;E1 9% © gl zz1 mM a J 2 = sw “Ayyeooy aus S,€z gh o$ + ‘duay [SfoL g'j11 “reg :pivoq uo] ‘yey uasyoesy g aunf gz gh SL 262 Q ZI Ez of ES rz Szb Lo zb Lez zi Lz v& oP _. gt 26% Qt ZII Ger be “gS gi gz Lo Lz Lee 1S 1% gf oF Séb coz ‘eb zi Zz QI: Lib of L lo g Lz gt St GS oF b £62 € €11 1€ 11 fq Vt LY 99 gt gtz Sth g ‘ rb €€ bz f6e7 (Sze E11 gs + “woneys Sh Sz gre99ge.gte@ ee Lin “wd yse] Woy say ‘yneu z | goof Lz S$— y L,2S 51g Sz + ‘duay. [o'fol S$ S1 seg :preoq ug] “‘Bu0T uasyoes] L aunf Reed : : 66g1 AyyeooT ynsay suoleaiasqg SUONEATSSGS | aarasqO ajeq jo yoalqo [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. of Sh €S So 1S Sbz So 1€ fe oF o +6z 6S E11 Q gz og oo II 99 Sor gbz gS fz o GL ob £6z ob €11 6 12 Ly of of 99 gz obz L£ gi . . P . uataels jeteT o SL 6% £62 — ,6z,€11 © nia # ee M ante not ,It gf yep ddns | gS 6$— Lt — ‘duay, [gb g',$1 ‘zegq tpseoq uo] ‘Su0] uasqoes] of ounf s wy o1 of ob LL gb LSz LY Sz “p . . eae Gb 2b 171 QZ ,Z1 col @) eae M WSOP ayy uo ‘puey sawsallq ZF ogh S€— ‘duay [br rol gibi ‘req :preoqg uc] ‘yey uasyoesy | of —6z ounf GS o% gt +S g vf o 62 o1 of ,£7 ,90E 27,971 © 6z Lr iM ‘raroes = su q aq} uo ‘puey aiowsal[y 1°,61 ogh oor — ‘duray [ogg o,91 ‘reg :preoq uc] yey uasyors] Sz aun{ og oo zS $$ oS fz bE o og 181 SOE 1,$z1 @ bo 1M “roses a, wu ay} uo ‘pure orowsal[q 6°,97 gl S$ € — ‘dway [SrrL obi reg :preoq uo] ‘yey uasyqoes] gi ounf or of br Sof bi Szr S-Lz of SE o-+ GLb bs LP bez @ Sof St 1M Bele) 6s) ‘To. 7 s uw ayy uo ‘puey aiowsally g',fz ,gh $6 — ‘dway [obrL zf1 “eg :pseoqg uo] ye] uasyoesy S1 aunf 66g1 Ayyeo0T ynsay suonealasqo prwens JIAIBSGO aeq 29 1898—1902. No.5.) ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. *Jsvoo jsaM ‘JopuRAMIg ye duivod jo qynos sapiw z 27 £9 C,Ebe% pus You sjpaou ojouseyy nOF ,2 g1g “Su0T oa a SS cb ‘ad whl £2 98h eT “M+ IN 1% ,bz1 PS o91 S961 DM G6 oS t yoem uorjeue A uasyors] g oun ‘puey aawisal[y ae jo jseoo jsam ‘uajeppsol 7 ‘wee 928 ‘suoT ,,bz fz gh yey] "M +'N 68 (E21 ‘| St ‘§ sduueaq ssedmog QT) Sve c& & yom uonELe A, uasyors] g aunf 8s uw 1S gtz 19 gS “peay{ elO}oIA 0% ,OZL $07 00F @) oz ‘suo ‘ddns 9° St ,6L [rot — ‘dway 1692 € 41 ‘reg :preoq ug] yeyY rays 1z Ae Szo €bz Gz £9 *pue[sy JoMyooT uewON SL°,L1 911 ,0£ ,962 @ of ,ol ‘Buoy ‘ddns L',9t ,64 [soft — ‘dway 6'g94 9°,$1 seg :preoq uc] yey 1ay9S S sew SE of SES z6z €S zi bb zS ob 7e o lg o Ltz tr 6r Sb wz zr £62 Ir €11 9z 9b gz ib £b 99 zh gbz S°6z Eb Sb Sr z& €6c «GE E11 ZI 6& fe Ee ZZ 99 €z gtz ob 9f ay Se Si b6z Si bir gi tz gi os ff 499 /9f 9?z @ LS 619'M ‘uasneyjoly ~ a cs s uw Y ‘ud OF gl ‘yey ‘ddng | wih 65 b— y €:,$ ,bh [z,9 + ‘dwoy g'o9f o',f1 ‘ieg :pseog uo] “Bu07 uasyors] S Aqnf eee 66g1 AyyeooJ ynsay suorjealasqgQ sro eames TIAGO ayeq : jo palqo [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 30 9 olz uoztopy tz zS1 ‘fy cxapy qynour ‘fy usajsam julog Ql gi oz1 «QI0I,, fy cxapy gi Sr SL snuluisay ayoeg jo Yow usajsea ‘aed 7b oF Ez1 (yo ‘w OOF ‘o9) puel usajsea ysouIajNO uonoaliqg uasyors] S Avy ‘q $6 ‘N s1aqao] ‘qa Sg ‘N (Aepsaysa& z ‘sqo) yutod ysowsajyno, ‘ua[epp1ofy Jo apis yng "M (O71 CN Aepsaysa& yurodpurys ssuueag uasyoesy L sin ‘A 08 'N Prefpuny ‘q ch CN - « ~_ 13}00 ‘G¢ O11 ‘N uoNoalip urew spol ysarva yy A 39 'N purjst jear3 yurod yynos *‘puey asowsa]|q ‘qa SL CN yuiod you 1ajnO jo yseod ysom ‘narepproly ‘A oll ON jurod yynos 1310 ssureag uastovs] 9 Ainf z& Loz FE Lit pues] WH peyxv09 LE zgz gf zg umopsadury “9 U1 8zz 91,8? ployzay Ny “Dg au aseg ZZ QQI-. Sez gre bb 2S S1€ LE 1€ Lor bb 6b SoS gg oS gbf gz oF o bt Oo 9ggI S'6z EF b Sor S StE z1 6€ ‘purjs] wrg ‘uadneqyoly oz bre 61 bor ob of n§t SS obL ‘Bu0T ‘O + 'N £',6S ,Fgz gz 1gt Lz itt oz tz ‘ad or gh yey ammyredap jo 1ulog S-,£1 OF 1,091 CE LS 61 g yovey qiaumizy uasyors] S Ataf er at 66¢1 _ AyyeooT ynsay suorjealasqo, SUONBATESIO | Jaar38q0 ayeq jo palqo ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. bl 1898— 1902. No.5.] tz 06 «bz oLz oF 692 oF 68 Sb z6r gb zr UOZIIOFT bz 69z bz 68 z 16 o sLz peng ueurgong ut S1aqa9q 6b Loz oS Lg oS 6S€ Lb 6L1 ZI 76 ot zlz ob 641 Sb OSE uasneqyolsy Sli rLz Sr 16 1S gg oS: gkz St gg Sb goz Sb ghz Sb gg Ploysay Ny "OQ ‘useD aourjsip SE 69z EE 6g SSz LE1 SEz Lit qyiuaz pue “purys] JH paxypog 42,06 ,Lz,olz'g ‘A jz lif joc, L€1'9'H umopsaduey ‘9 | vor darIg uasyors] zz Avy St Ls o1 Liz Ser Liz 11 LE (wey jo ‘s ureyanow ysiq) uaddoyezy Sb +6 Eb tlz SSb blz gt +6 Ly XOTY ,. Ole, Se Lz S€ Loz ‘umopsaduey ‘Dd S9£ Loz ,SE,Lz purysy yep pexo09 uolqoalIg uasyoesy 6 Ae 66g! suolealasqo Ayyeo0'T ynsay suorearlasqO 16 490/40 Jaarasqo ayeqg 32 GUNN. ISACHSEN, [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM During the stay in the second winter harbour 1899—1900. Correction to Correction to Observer Instrument Watch Chronometer Kutter _ Chronometer Kutter on starting on return ' 1909) hm s 1900. hm s Sverdrup _| Altazimuth Sverdrup March 16 —4 44 47.5 | June 4 —O 9 36.51 No. 2. Schei Pocket sextant No. 4 March 16 —1 56 42.5 | June 3 —1I 39 42,02 Schei Altazimuth No. 4 July 2 +5 35 0 July 6 +65 35 18.0 No. 2 Isachsen Altazimuth No. 6 March 16 +5 56 56.0 | June 21 —5 49 27.0 No. 1 ; Baumann Ship’s sextant No. 5 May 4 +5 29 54.5 | May 20 +5 31 49.0 with mercury horizon Baumann Ship’s sextant! Sverdrup June 5 —0o 9g 38.5 | June 21 —o 9g 18.5 with mercury horizon. 1 The watch has stopped on the voyage. For an approximate computation of the error of the watch on the voyage, the following data have been used: On board the correction of the watch to Chron. Kutter has been: hm s March 6 —4q 45 16.0 March 16 — 4 44 47.5 June 21 —o g 185 July 1 —o 8 47.5 on the voyage June 5 —o g 38.5 June 21 —o 9 185 The stopping occurred at the beginning of the voyage and therefore the correction on the 4th June has been the starting-point, and the rate computed from this moment. ? The watch has stopped on the voyage. For an approximate computation of the error of the watch on the voyage, the following data have been used: On board the correction of the watch to Chron. Kutter has been: hm s March 6 —r 58 29.0 March 16 —1 56 42.5 June 21 +5 33 34.0 July To +5 34 31.5 on the voyage June 5 +5 32 305 June 21 +5 33 34.0 The stopping occurred at the beginning of the voyage and therefore the correction on the 3¢ June has been the starting-point, and the rate computed from this moment. 33 ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 1898—1902. No.5.] ‘aovjd awes e+ A Shr ogh ‘qz o) /6£ .16 “Sao “ddngs 1,08 9b [S91 — ‘dway 9°6SL z,91 ‘seg ‘tpieoq 00] eT rays 6 pudy Sz tz 9S e+ AT tz ook £5 S0S,9z yz @ Li 6b o YEN ¢ uw a ‘ud ‘yay 'N Jo pua yWoN | Sz S$ g9— y FY1z,16 [o€1 — ‘dway oSSL fg1 seg :pseoq uo] ‘Suo] yas gi judy ; 7 s am q SE Lg SE Lz gt br GEE cir €E coz Sb ob Gfz zir +z 76z S‘S1 SE 1S 689 8 oSt@ © 6b Of z YEM ‘\saaploN adeg — sw q we 9',27 08 ‘yet “ddng | ggz 61 9— Y 2,25 ,b6 [z.9- ‘dway ogSL ofr ‘eg :pseoq u0] “Su0J dnipiaas L key sum S6z the of t9 ‘aysBue] 19q GLb Sit 18h, $62 © 906 “uot ‘ddng L+,55 0g [9°92 — ‘dway g'6SL ogi ‘seg :pseoq ug] yey dnipsaas S Aely *|SQAPION StS to gS ttz adey jo qWON satu 1°S ST SIT S*,bz S62 © ,oo1 “suo, “ddng L' Lz ,0g [L:g11 — ‘duiay o'994 #€1 ‘ieg = pseoq U9] yey dnspiaag z Avqy *Uaa[SIIA() Sg fit 5°6 $62 ‘yseoo JsaM S,pueyT aaUIsal]q] 16.99 6.9r% © 996 ‘Bao ‘ddng 9°08 64 [411 — “dway o'f94 zogr ‘seg :pseoq v9] eT duupraag | gz udy oo61 suoneasasqo nsa suol}eAlas ; Aqyeo07_ yNsay 10 70 eta 12A138qO ayeg [Qnp ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 34 of SES o wt ‘AT LS ib LS 6S Sb __ ob gs A1geb “yz © bie Ue qe, tg ‘soerd aus eae =< Bok g16 [9.2 — ‘dway $'6SL o'f1 ‘reg :preoq ug] “Bu0'T ys S Ae *puelsy e+ COT ££ ,95 "yz © Kea yore mM weyers jo pula yon EF LL [So€ — ‘dwoy €LSL g°l ‘seg :preoq uo] yeqT Tay9S S$ sew e+ ‘AT +S 14 = 8S. SG: iB oth yz @ oF eS 11 em Soe s UW UT a d ‘aoetd ames | 16h 9 9— y £',zh 016 {1°59 — ‘dway gogl 1',F1 ‘eg :preoq uo] ‘Buoy 1ayos b Ae s Ww : e+ UT Sub __ «It of ‘purysy weye9 28,95 “Yr © ue) Oe. jo yred wia}saa-q WON 6°62 LL [p24 — ‘duay tr94 zor ‘leg :preoq uo] yeyY Iayos b Ae ‘(€ yurog) puerst 2 — A 'T Lb £5 "yz @ pale Wem. ulaqyou jo apis yynos Qi,ZZ hk (9'.€1 — ‘dway Logl L491 ‘eg :preog ug ye Tayo Le yud ° ° a | s lpay ‘aovjd awes e+ TT $51 528 ‘yz © )1Z 416 ‘suo, ‘ddng £76 bb [4,11 — ‘dway oSgl z,g1 ‘reg :pseoq uc] ‘yey rays gz judy 6b €E gS zS e+ AT ze gf 6F ‘(¢pueysy meqei5) ee eS beege ec ‘une Z yuIog ‘puryst useyjnos ol’ g9— Y 81,06 [S°.$1 — ‘dwap gtigl 0:61 ‘ueg :pieoq uo] “suo 1ayag gz judy BOL A 0061 AyypeooT }Nsay suonealasqo, SHONPAISAO | yaarasqQ ayeqg Jo yoalqo 35 1898—1902. No.5.] ASTRON. AND GEODET, OBSERVATIONS. Sob S11 SoS S6z $b ov Fz s of9 © €1 6S ge 1S b qe sw ‘ud ‘goed ames | zg gE S— y g'1f ,bg [od + ‘dway €bSL o'jz1 ‘reg :preoqg uc] “Buoy raqIsS & Aint su q Sg gzI o1 goe ‘auathsjo ysvq ‘uapsofyauaeyy SLL bez 4g tS ® oVg ‘Suoy ‘ddng ost 9 [onh + ‘dway 6°€SL g’g1r ‘zegq :pieog uQ] WY rayag b Apnf “Sioqaulolg S— HT 19% .OL "yz (0) jO£ .88 ‘Buoy ‘ddng 01,27 9b [6,0 — ‘dmay zoo L',61 ‘reg :preoq uo] eT ys of Aeyy ‘japury pam —— -deyaurglg jo apis jseayJION wm — OT SE obQ “Gz © 06 “Baoy ‘ddng o7,£8 4LL [€,6 — ‘dmay fol 1:61 ‘eg :preoq uo] yey YS ze ke ‘yapunsaurolg = LZ 6S “yz © .06 ‘Suoy ‘ddng blz gl [l-,6 — ‘dway 1'gSL $°,$1 req :pieoq ug] wT pyos €1 Avy ‘uaSuraly) Jo axjuad h— "AT $2595 uz © 906 ‘Buoy ‘ddns 1,L1 og fo,z1 — ‘dway o'oLL ov f1 ‘ieg :pseoq uo] ‘yey rayos 11 Ae ‘aavjd aureg f= 2 98 gS ‘yz © ,06 ‘suoy ‘ddns 9',L gt [9.9 — ‘duay zoyl L€1 seg :preoq uo] eT Taqos or Ae ol +S oz fn: i | £ 6€ _ 61 61 SSF ‘yz @ SE Li z yep s wm qY ‘we ‘uappoywadsyy | 7lS LS S— 7 £62 ,6g [gor — ‘dway L-goL S'.z1 ‘eg :pieoq uo] *su0'T pyas or Ae SEH 0061 AyypeooT qnsay suonealasqg SHONEATISAO J2AI98qQ areq jo yoalqo [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 36 o'9 OF =6Stor ogz 6 col of 1f fe 6s tr 6L Sr 6Sz SE 6b Sq of t£ ogz €€ oo1 bz €b gi 61 g iF gh ap zr 6L Ir 6Sz zh gt oS Shr 6S ,ogz ,LS,001 @ of SES yoEy s wu q ‘u ‘d ‘aoejd ameg | S'S br g— y tb 18 ,£6 zo$e — ‘duay [€'zoL bzz ‘req :preoq uo] " ‘Suoy uasyorsy €1 Judy sum gz 69 S$ 69 S 6tz So og ,L9,062 98,011 © S10 yeM = ae ‘uadrassepalpsue 9° Lz og Sobz — ‘dway [S194 0°61 ‘3eg :preoq uc] yey uasyoes] €1 judy 62% of Eb glz €b g6 gz iz 6 6 +z gt Gz of b 1g S$ 19% gz tr g L 6S zI QE o”9 S1 6Lz tr 66 SgS or og git ,2£ ,08 jE,097 @ EES SF Yoemy — su q ‘uw ‘d ‘gorjd ames | I'gh Og— ¥ O21 ,06 on€€ — ‘dway [LoLL 291 ‘eg :paeoq ug] “Bu0T uasyorsy 9 Judy s wy gh Ss gt 1h Sr 1Sz : ob 6S = ,tbhoggz fF sor © O1 Oo qayeEM ‘ysaapAs adeg To YY mF jo ysea-yynog ‘uamapuelg 97,8 og o$f — ‘duay [oLol 6,1 ‘eg :pseoq ug] WeyY uasyors] g judy oo61 Ayyeo0T yNsay suo}}eAlasqg enone esd JaalasqQ arg jo yoalqo 37 1898—1902. No.5.] ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. L L S1 ££ o o og ,of 662 ,of,611 @ oF 18 Ir om — s uw ‘soxjd aug £195 98h oir — ‘dway [f-¥94 Log1 ‘ueg :preoq uo] VT uasyors] zr ew So GL LS Lez ~—s#S Lor bz SE zh or gs iL LS 1Sz Iz tt o oO8 Er ggz ZI QOr — 62 og oo Le ail ge 1S2 zh Sz °o 06 Of ggz of gol Sb zz A o9 fe = ,Szo1h 7,197 ©) Lz oz S qoem getty icine s uw ; ‘dueysnysopy 4s! ae ue — 1 OF kg 07,01 — ‘dway [o69L oz1 ‘req :pseog U0] au0T MesHoesl oe f1 of gt S6z gh Sir 21 ,t9 f1ohhe © oe ‘OND YE M jaaaaT ade £0 64 og — ‘duay [z'gol Bohl ‘reg ‘:preoq uo] yey uasqors] 62 judy og oo € 6L Sz 6Sz Sb LE oz of 8 192 g or z €€ o O88 tr gl Sb ySz gh 6z Se gis 1£_ 192 of 101 € Sz SE 6s Si gL gi gSz ZZ OF zo 06 gs 192 gS 101 6 91 : SE SS gb LL gb LSz Sz or PEEL See og wi j1EQzgz OF pzor ©) bo b g qoEM -Zuny punwy jo apis qWON 1 oh ~~ sma aed SE 484 yet ‘ddng | r'f& gz go— y £9 ,L6 o'nbz — ‘dway [S€9L o £1 “reg :pivoqg uC] “suo uasyoes] oz judy aoe 0061 Ayyeoo0'T ynsay suorealasqQ peared JaAlasqO areq [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 38 og oo L Lot L Le og oo 1b Iv g zr 1+ 1b oz SE oS o$ £€ Ez PS 2S VS ,2&% © Neca qe “‘Broqaurelg $",07 98h Sj2+ ‘duay [z9SL ofr ‘reg :pizoq 00] VT uasqoes] vr aunf o 08 LE €ok LE Lei S€ zo or of gz 9S — S'9z fz Sz ob Oo Og ob fof ob £71 oS zy 7 GE Sb ,gz,9$ SSz,9& © SS PvE ir yoEM — 8s uw ‘aed ames $48 93h og — ‘duay [tog r'o91 ‘1eg :preoq uc] VT uasyors] gz Ae og 0 vE Lo be Lez fz 0 9g °o og 61 z26z gl cr gz LS og. oo of Lo gh Lez +S $$ o og L 76% 9 ZII Li €S ogo L 39 L gtz b oS o Og S,16z . ,ghotir © oz Lb S qoyem heat — 8s Ww Ww ‘eB ‘punos eyaiaq jo qinow | gér 78 S— y oS 68g oz1 — ‘dway [g'og o',01 ‘reg :pieoq uQ] ‘SuoT uasqors] gz AeW sw Lv oof gk oz gS Sz 9 9 Zt OF Le Gr 49 6S 19 .Cf% @ gz Sz 11 YOIEM tT «2 = ss Ww ‘prof s.Avgq Jo apis YON L',0 OL og — ‘duey [109d fz ‘3eg :pieoq 10] WeyY uasyors] gi Aly oo6 rt Ayyeo0T Ns suoreArasqgQ Sear cy J3AIasqoO a1eg 39 1898—1902. No.5.] ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. ‘aoaeq qWon ‘uaqqen tz 662 19€ 09 bz 611 L£ 0h © 5,28 ,00 ‘Suoy ‘ddns 6°,6 ,oL logh — “dmiay g'bSL flr “req :psvoq uo] ‘yeT uasyoesy It ysnsny fl oo L 76z 9 ZI g& ob te Eb Sp Lo gt Ltz oS LE og. oo gz 76z Lz Zit SE ve 0 og Sz Lg 9% Lbz © gS 1€ S yore — su ‘ul ‘d ‘aoefd aus | oSz gE S— y £98 ,tg Sz + ‘duay [6°€SL obi “reg :preog uo] ‘3007 uasqoes] gr aunf s wy og oo zbzS = Stok zEz gt Lb o og Sz lo& Sy bzlz1 © or th ir qouem — su q ‘dexpAs z LT ool ob + ‘dway [1'zSL g°91 ‘eg :preoqg ud] yey uasyorsy gi ounf giz of €z Lot €e Lz bb gt ,orzS job ztz © SE 11 oem i, a — mY ‘ropues js 0°61 ,9L of + ‘dway [ESL 6 br ‘reg ‘:pieoqg uc] yeyY uasqoes] Li aun{ 0061 Ayye00 [| }NSaY suolealasqg Pa Ne JaalasqQ ayeq [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. of gI $6 oS o1 62 Sg oF oz LE Sow LY o LY g& os SF oz O Sz bb yOl— ‘FT = 07 01 ,6€ "yz © S1€ zh S yore ie su q ‘uw ‘d ‘govjd owes oe — 1 2,68 [b.$ — ‘dway g'lol ‘reg :preoq 10] “suo uuewuneg o1 Ae °° g 79 © gk t€ ot 19 @ gf 18 0 6 zg © bS 62 or S$ 19 @ Eb gz OI OI zg © St Lz oz S 19 ® gh tz o 6 79 id) S62 ZI of b 19 ) Sh o1 | oLw © Sg § Sz 6S 09 © Sor 1 oz & 79 © So 0 oO pOl— “AT 01 ,OS,09 “yz (6) FE LS 11 yoepyy 8s uw ‘pug spuey 67,08 ,o4 [9.9 — ‘dway SLol ‘eg :preoq ug] yeqY uuewneg o1 Ae 0061 Aqyeo07 WNsaAT suOoT}eAIBSqO ae aia ba I2AII8qO ayeq Jo palqo At 1898—1902. No.5.) ASTRON, AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. o €€ 19 © GL SE o LE of €¢ of gf zg © GL 1€ o SE G61 of Oo gf 19 © IZ 9z o oF Ste Lz o oF zg (C) S61 gz ob of _ Sg1 tz oS gf 19 © Sof zz o mv Sz Iz o Ib zg 6) S61 oz oz LE 7 Sor 61 of LE 19 ) S6z Li Oo 7 S‘oz QI oz oF zg © SL St of of - Sie €1 oO of 19 O) SE 6 of 6£ FE g of LE zg So) S6r ¢ Oo ze = SEE o oF 6z 19 © zk gS o €z €s LS ob 1£ zg © Seo $¢ oF Lz 19 © SSz bs o +z z © Siz Lb oF g1 19 (0) SrS Sb o$ 61 zg © SS € Wt + TT 0 11519 “yz © S6b 6£ 11 yoeAA 6 my ‘gorjd auies g',08 94 [o.z1 — ‘dway +'ggl ‘ieg :pseoq uo] yey uuewneg 11 Avy ‘ oo61 Ayypeooy }Nsay suonealasqg SUOTEATESAS: J3aAIIsqoQ aed jo palqo [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 42 o 6 gb oO) Sth €€ of Lz eo 1f of 1€ Lb © Sgt of of gt o 62 o 2S oF © LS gz oS + GES. Sz o1 £1 gt © $6 bz o SI - SL €% o1 Sz Lb (o) Sor 17 of tf SSE oz of oF gt © Seb gi or €S Lb = o Li oS b gt © Stir Gt oF Li LE €1 OI gz 64 © SLS 11 o SE aa $6 o1 oS 6b gt 6) Sct L o Li Shr € of Sz oS © SSiz O'AT 07 SE,6% ‘yz 6) SiS 6S € yew s ow Lo1— of" LiLgol of" ‘ud ‘soerd owes | zr gS S— y off ,6g Leas ‘ud tye'duay glol-a-d ye ieg *preoquo *2u0T uuewneg 11 Seq su 0061 Ayyeoo0'_T ynsayy suonjealasqgQ eee JaalasqgQ ayeqd ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 43 1898— 1902. No.5.] o 6S Seb L : or 6F 6S ©) Sor g of SE a SSE b oz of 9S Oo} gh € of gz SoS ob oz 6S © Sor of 6 = gE o z of z gS (6) oz 6S oS o 6S SE QS or 1S gS (0) 1 LS ob of LS © SEz SS ob gt gS © Sr 2S nit — “AT 0b ,8S,98 ‘yz © SEE 6b 1 YON Q'oz + 8 et ‘wu ‘e ‘Bioqaurelg | tor 72 S— y¥ 1',b 38 fot + cue St Lyjedway o'zgl reg :preog eal “Bu0'T uueuneg g aun 6 wy oz t LS © SE oF of +5 _ oS bh . o gh SS © GSLlz fb oF gt Sob zh o zb 9S © Sf€r ib of z£ 7 S-gS 6 of gz SS Oo) Sor 6€ Oo gz S*gb LE ob oz 9S © S1S of oS 11 — Soz SE oz L SS © Sze té ob + 9S © S'Sz €€ of +S SS © Sot 1€ $12 — "AT 0% ERE Ye © Sr gz 6 yore herve s wy we ‘puq spurt yy | S01 gS S— ¥ 9°,zf 6g [obi — dway 'f9L seg :pie0q uo] ‘suoT uueuneg zr ART sw 0061 Ayyesoy yNsayy . suojealasqQ SHONEATESAO JIAI9SqO ayeq Jo 399f40 [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 44 o 1 §$ © Sgt FE oS + or ££ oz 11 +S © o1 7 O% 0% : gr if ; of Lz SS © Sr of oS 1€ = $6 62 6S iF FS 6) gt Lz oS oS SS £b gz o + 9S © Sth bz °o 8 _ th fz oz Sr SS (6) fb zz O'AT ySh 97,98 Ye @ Sgr iz o1 yoem — sw ‘ud ‘aovjd awes | t'g1 SS S— y 9'6b gg [oz + ‘duay o'ogl ‘1eg :pivoq uo] ‘su0T uuewneg 6 aunf 8 uw Of 7 Sz 9 Oo &% aes “proly O'T'] ,0% £t,zl yz © 0 0 9 yeM -SOI[CAP] pue prolyaseey Ba ML usaMjaq snuy}s] waynes S*,0£ .94 (oz + ‘duay o'og! ‘eg :pivog 9] yey] uurumneg 6 aunf oo61 Aypeo0-T ynsay suonealasqgQ SMONPATISTO | y3arasqo aieg jo palqo 45 ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. ‘uol}eIapIsuod JO }NO Way SI Z ‘ON ‘sqO 1898—1902. No.5.| of 18 1h © 6 ¢ o $$ ose o $$ zh ©) 91 9 o 7 7 Sqz § 9 ob iL LS 6S of $$ SOE gS of $$ zh © 1b LS ob zS Z- oF oS of cS iL ) € +S oS +S ro 1S or +S zl © gf gb ‘AT «05 ,gh 1h ‘yz © gz fb S youre s wu ‘aozjd aues $*,08 94 [o7,2 + ‘duay oooh reg :pieoq uc] eT uuewneg or oun{ o gh Ls oO) gz 0 Zz or zb Sq 6S oF SE gS @) ¢ 9S o1 Lz _ zr LS oS Li LS o) rb SS o G1 zb +S ob L gS © t£ €S of SS — L zs op Le gS = @® S98 oS o1 bb SS 6b of SE LS © 9f gt i | pb 18198 "qe © Sit oh 1 qoem s wy Sunes ‘profjeseey jo peayy | o'6z +S S— y ELE ogg [,o ‘dway o'ogl seg :preog uo] “SuoT uuewneg o1 aunf 0061 Ayyes0T I[NSOY suonjeaasqo ees ere — [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 46 o €€ €L © Lz o1 Of Of oz 6 o LE vL © Qt 8 o +€ lok oz t€ £L 6) z& 9 ob LE tz S$ Oo gt bl © 9S € oS +E = o €£ of SE EL 6) Iz 1 ob gt glo 9 oS gf bh © z 6S oS Sf = LE LS of SE EL oO) Fr 9S oS LE ob SS of LE bh © G1 +S of SE a? gr zs o S€ €L (o) 6£ oS or LE Li 6+ o LE tl © ZI Qt of £€ a or Lb o €€ EL (o) oS Sb of SE LE tb SS bE FL © Lz f+ oz 1€ _ gz zh of of EL © ze iF o ¢f gz oF oz z& PL © 6S gf OTT 1,08 gz el yz @ Le LE S yqouem ‘Ssoqauiolg I',1Z 99 [9,0 + ‘duay S*zSh “ueq Spica uo] yeyY uuewneg Lr ounf 0061 AypeooT ynsay suonealasqo SUONBATESAO | ganrasqo ayeg jo walqo 47 ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 1898 —1902. No.5.| ‘uanaauiolg ne ,1 06 ‘Su0T Sb oof ysaaphs adea ‘ud noe 68h “TET "A OL CN FE (ght or,b61 © es qnwizy uasyoes] 9 Judy ‘quays Joyseg ‘Uaprofjouaeyy G+,€ LEz ,S L$ urejunow pajurod aqy jo doy or ‘ye @ ai0jog pee VE gts ‘BuoT "| Ol 'N ZI Q10€ Seb git €1 6S ‘ud nl SF 94 ‘WT :(Qquiog) o1a7 $,L5,9&1 © ge 31S qyawizy rays & Aqnf ‘uada[ssepalsuey oe Ez ,LE (£6 ‘Bu0T ‘ud hE LZ 96 WT “M O1'N ,At 681 ‘qa o$o'N O £So L yey | Pad ‘Use uasyors] €1 judy ‘JSaApIoN adey sou q p21 ,zS oF “Bu0T ‘We. HSE 2708 JT ‘M OV N Lt thi ‘m ,O'°N © ob z ‘paq ‘useyy | daipsaag L key s ww : oz gz gS 1S) SzE 7 . of Fz Qz 1% ob o1 LS © ZZ O@ of g 9S _ LE 61 ob 6S SS © Siz gi oS S$ zz Li o1 6b 9S @® Li gt of 6€ _ - oz SI oz of SS © S +1 of tz 6€ z1 or St 9S © oz II yO 4f 98S “Ye (0) SSS 6 ‘deypAs Se ‘ue (uasyoesy) ,,F1 L194 yeT | Ost gt S— y Sve bg [60+ ‘dway t'gSL ‘eg :pieoq ug] “Buo'] uurwneg oz aunf Monde 0061 Ayyyvo07 11Ns9y suoneazasqo a are | aera are jo yalqo [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 48 | Sb oof ysaapAs odeg “uasaausolg jor b6r uripuam ayy ur ( | uonoanqg uasyurs] 9g judy uorepye [eooT YSnosy} woreraq “M88 "N “q on proly qt OL "M SZ ON ‘S 0} puey Jo syurod ysam pur yynos of “uagssurpia “gq tz‘S Aepsaysa& wayey sSuneaq yoy wor yurod of sSanvag dnipiaas S Aer S1 bli (WeIy,, eau puryst Jo “My punos gs zi deypds jo “gy [jays daays yA YOY ‘deypds )S1S8E dexysgpurg apy “ae L nSl QE oFg ‘suoT] S$ 162 gt Lt ‘ane pet Li gk ‘wey “GY OLN ,bz ($Sz oz,o11 |& gt th rr qojem tnwizy uastovs] gr ounf 5 w oS 98 "S$ 0} JUIOd jsowsajNO Ges — -— yseieau TNs V o 1S eq usaysea yurod Jeivau Ww ‘purl jo suoneo -Ipul yurey ATWO OMY JseT ay} UaaMOg SE sb $ of yynow fy yurod usayseqy oS zgz ‘N 0} psofy Jo apts usajsea ‘uR], oz 6fz snwyyst 13]nO Se tiz - usa}]saM JSOUIIUUT jor zhi ysayyiey yurod usajsaa\ jsOWIa}NO ‘puns eyeing Jo YNoyy o 6 SE zo nS ,F 98g ‘su0T SE 692 Sz ob uooN 2 Boge IT “| 01 (N ,¥S 26 35,98 © S t€ 11 yoy Tawizy uasyoes] gz Ary So 0061 ene, suolearasqo yyeooT yNsay suonealasqO JaalasqoQ areq Jo yelqo 49 ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 1898—1902. No.5.| (gvoaeq ‘N puraq) "M SUNI Ud} Pur] sIyy Se 72S puvyst 10 puey Jo pua yseq Sz obi ¢purysy Si oz quiod ys. Lb Sti = = - seq +S gb (gpurjst) purl 0} =- sam o SSI uoaesg ‘N ‘URL qynos “sioqauiolg OT ght ~ qurod ysam ‘uel worpalg uasyors] S1 aunf OI oz! — puz et 28 «PIA, 4s! Oo 09 prof 0} Jayur ‘yurod ysap~y. OI 6z "S$ 0} now piofy - - Of zzz WMON 0} puey ysea OL 7%zz uag jo apis jsam ‘ury O% giz . UIPposnysoy,, “pioly Jo apis “q /08 oIgI I ‘on Aeg uola1Iqg uastpoesy gz Avy ob o pur sea 0} ‘ue ‘rgpurs "My 12 89 ueipyam aq} ur Q) | uonsanq vasqoesy Lr aunf{ oF o1 = 1S9,\\ th zz yurod yseq ‘sroqauiolg TLS g9z uvipiow ayy ut (— uolnoaig uasyoesy br ounf Sr ib purl usajsaa ‘uey, 19 6 ) : { IIg svjar Le £84 nae ‘piofy s.Avg Jo apis YON bz ,90f uvipliaw ay} ut Q uonoaig uasyors] gt Av 0061 AVeo0'T JOS SUOT}BAIOSGO yaaa de JIAIISGO aeq jo yoafqo [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 50 co ifr ¢uajnuspiolyspeeg or oF g ‘OND aoaaq ‘nN (‘qs) ‘uel of oSE piofy jo sue yjoq pue eynsutuag oz of€ = FS « — purest yews ‘yurod ysaystpy \ zS 61£ 9 « puryst jo pua “My Sb tof eb « purest [jews jo jurod ysaysipy SS ggz ff (2) pueyst Jo pua “y Ly oSz FS « - pus ‘4 “uored *D of 1€z 9 « (a) pueyst jo pus “q S,/ZE ,06 “Buoy — Giz Si « - - = (01 QL yey 197,602 )9% “OID uoaag ‘N uo ades uolpaIIG uasyqoes] II ysnsny oz Ltt és Sz gtt ¢ purysy SE SEE au0p pay — Sz Zé psofy usajsas Jo purl ‘ue ob tgz ua]ep10}S “wei Ivan pols Oo gtz purist Jo Jaulood “YS ‘uey Ur PuR[st asiey Jo pua ‘s ,08 ,iOr deyps uondaliq uasyoes] 61 ounf O ggz Jgpues jeay ‘uey ob zLz = ya, uo odeg te Ez Jopues YON usazsa\y Sz gor piofjspeeg jarur yseq gz +6 uajnuspiolyspeeg o1 £6 — ieuuy “ropues (219911) Wiaqynos }sa yy 1S 916 deywsoys | uonsaig uasyors] Li ounf 0061 Aypeoo'T ynsoy suonealasqg sae ae 19A198q0 ayeg jo palqo 1898—1902. No.5.) ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 54 During the stay in the third winter harbour 1900—1901. Correction to Correction to Observer Instrument Watch Chronometer Kutter Chronometer Kutter at starting on return gO hm 3s 19?! hms Sverdrup Altazimuth Sverdrup April 8 —5 58 4o.0 | June 18 +5 58 38.0 No, 2 og Pocket sextant with glass horizon Isachsen Altazimuth No. 6 April’ 8 +5 54 25.5 | June 7 —5 53 26.5 No. 1 Isachsen Altazimuth ,; No, 6 and!) July 31 —5 45 17.7 | Aug. 7 —5 38 57.0 No. 1 Sverdrup July 18 +5 56 37.5 | Aug 7 +5 55 8.5 Fosheim Altazimuth No, 4 April 8 +5 53 10.0 | June 13 —5 53 46.5 No. 2 1 During the journey the following comparisons were made between the watches: No. 6 Sverdrup hms hm s July 20 p.m. 10 45 0 Il 4 57.5 July 30 am. 7 240 7 46 48.5 The observations were made with watch No. 6, but the results corrected according to the rate of Sverdrup’s watch. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 61 61 gk zh £1 Scr SE ob g €Sz So €L I gf 11 ZI SS FE prot oz oz FE zE ss amie $',9z,Lor Lz Lgz th 62 + ° ‘uapsolysioyy JO pray] 19%o zotge © 3 oa AN ‘wd LE gl ‘yey ‘ddns gir ob S$ — y ofSg |e 12 —- wd Sih ye “dway, [rol P91 ‘seg :pseoq uo] “suoT dnipsaas gz judy s w q gS zz so zh SE gz /GoL0r folge Qa ze Fn ae ‘aovjd auies GiS th S$ — y 6,zb,Sg oz7z — ‘wd g ye ‘dway ofl veg ‘su0'T duipsaas gz judy s w 1z Sbz Sze $9 QZoPII j0£ ,F6z © ‘piloly plorL JO pray rozz — ‘md 9 19098 “suo, ddng 7,0 gL $€z — ‘we Sig je ‘dway otgl eg eT dnipsaag gz judy “Burdwies jo aae]d yo say g ‘pioly plory SSz Shz gz SQ Jo YNow jo yynos say 9 /ObhIT GS St F6z @ jO£,$g “suo ‘ddns 9, QF LL gore — ‘dway [ibLl L:oL1 reg :psvoq uo] ‘yey dnipiaas zz judy gh z6z S Lb zit ‘piofy wopus, ul ig 27,49 jbz,Lrz © jodaq Jo 'N sajiw $zynoqy o4gz — ‘wed tb S1,€g ‘Buoy ‘ddng 3 6FLL zof§ — ‘we 6 ye 'dway [S494 gtohi ‘reg : preog uo] yey dnipsaas gt judy 1061 Ayyeo0'J yNsaxy suOTeAIISGO SoHE | ya3arasqO ayeqg jo pelqo 53 ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 1898—1902. No.5.] S +S $6 $ LS Sr 9 9S 61 S-zr SS iO “a "T NZ Of ‘yz © Lz oS bm s uw O'>ohr — ‘ud § ‘wu cd ‘sovfd ames | gio 6h S$ — yy zSi1glg o7°691 — ‘ure LZ ye cdway obo ‘ieg *BU0'T dnipiaag TI ARI sw q “Ma'T suas|a] = “IPISPV JO ALNN saqt ho OE Stops © gf jnoqe jassaqynessiews O>ohr — ‘wd S 9£,4g ‘Sao, ‘ddng b-,6z,0g o.91 — ‘we Lye ‘dwoy o'tfol 1eg ‘yey dnipsaag zr Ae Lz got Bz ggz 6£ gz gz S'9z S$ 7 Gzz $e Gazz ih br 61 LS gor LS ggz zh St & 601 b 6gz gi £1 WSS Soh OD 9 6 b'M ‘pury usajsam ‘punos ay} uy sw ‘ud j08,6L yet ‘ddng | wbS cb S$ —y 9° fb,$g] ogi — ‘wd of b ye ‘dmay [g'fol z*.g1 seg :pseoq uo] suoT dnipiaas 1 AR s w ‘uapsofjsi0y -UL 30% vas ay} UO UOTS z +9 € bbz -uadsap jo aoxjd ay jo O91] 0,907 () MNN satu g'of ynoqy o'ogt — ‘wd of'h = £ hay ,06 ‘Buoy ‘ddus $ 07,62 O>n1z — ‘we of Lye duay [o fg g'.g1 ‘ieg :psvoq ug] yeq dnupiaag 1061 Ayrpeo0'T ynsay suonearasqgQ puON EAI ISAO J3AIISqO areq Jo yolqo [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. fay € © gt Gr oz Gis 9 1 -yodap LS 1 _ 6 0 5 jsI WO YS saw gt A+ HT 1€ zh yz © sy ee “M ‘ud Bie nGh pel Heng 4 age Be iS — 1 915oF8 L6 — ‘dway 9'z9l ‘1vg ‘Bu0T dnips9ag oz Avy “udTaPPAT jo |] say oz jnoge Oo "HT 14,05 "yz © yodaq ys1 ‘Zz ‘on “duieg LL —‘w d$& PS,hg ‘suo, ‘ddng 0 ,6£,6L Lt — ‘we 6 ye ‘duay o'ogl ‘3eg yey dnipsaas 61 Avy of 1 ¢&F SE zi ub ob 11 IF : LY Sh 6£ oO "AT LSLE “yz 6) SE gE Sy s wm ‘ur ‘d ‘zovjd aues ey ee — 1 ¢'6b,98 gor — ‘dway L69L eg “3u0T dnipiaas Li AvN HT orgs © ‘UdTII]IATQ gor — ‘ud $ ‘6,Lg ‘suor ‘ddng z',0b,6L 6 br — cme Lye dmay bell vieg yeyY dnipsaas Li Avy tad Ger I Li gro L£ ZI S61 68 9 tr ss LS 6S LE 9S ‘apnynry }xau Jo FN oO "FT SS Eb “yz OO Sle sso'm safitu Stir ‘$z ‘on “dura acres! ee Eygh6L ‘yey “ddng ay iy = y %',9b,98 6 hr — ‘dway Pll cieg “Zu0T dnipsaas Li Avy 1061 Ayyeo0'_T yNsay suonearlasqQ SOHEAIOSTO | raar98qO ayeg jo yalqo 59 1898—1902. No.5.] ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. & + A‘ AIL Wz © ‘Japunsousolg jo apts yseq bof — curd o'0SL ‘ud 9 ,Of,88 ‘Suc, ‘ddng 908g $$ —‘m'e Lye ‘dway LzSh ‘ue L ye eg yey dnipiaas b oun{ “‘piofy aierys JO pray wos sapiw 907 o ‘HT LE,99 ‘Wz © ,Of,88 “suo, ‘ddns g Fr gh Eo€ — ue g ye ‘dway r6bl ‘we g ye ‘ieg yey] dnipiaas € aun{ zs S‘or ob gb 9S gf S'6E gh SE € LE ‘aunf pif ‘yye ‘au wor ; 36e ; sates ie of ; satim gir ‘LE ‘on ‘dueg r+ ‘al Azib qe © 2 oe M ‘we £,zbhgl “yet ‘ddng re - : — 1 1Sb,88 €o€ — ‘we g je ‘dway robl ‘we g yw eg “Suo'y dnipiaag € aunf Li SE SS Sz se €$ 1€ SEbv zS ; SE 9s ule 6E $6 1S aeyeiests yee aS) Saltet 6 eee EC a a6 Sy I‘g ‘uaesojg jo yurlod Ms Ss uw ‘uw d €,L5,g4 ‘yet ‘ddng vis e = 1 +£1.98 Sobr — ‘wee g ye ‘duay ofgl ‘we g ye ‘ieg ‘Su07] dnipsaas Sz Avy ‘uael0}S ‘yurod _ MN jo you satu: zz Oo “ET Io€9 “Te /££,98 “Suo] ‘ddng $,£,6L Sor — wee gw dwar oll seg yey dnapiaas Sz Av 1061 Ayyeo0T Wnsoy suoltasasqQ SHOTIRATSSHO | sewanage ag Jo yalqo [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHS 06 ‘aoejd aus oO "AT E89 ‘Wz © /51,6§ “suo, ‘ddng S Frog gz — ‘wid g ye duay f9SL ‘wd g ye ‘seg eT dnipsaas £ aunf gz Gre gi £z Ly oz € Li Cur S$ or g zs gs Fr a Siz €1 L 1S Sgr zS gh 6z 1S ab z& oS ‘SN atu 1 srieak ysvy = bees $ lays pue aoeyd stq} ne 4 UsaMj}Oq BOUL}SIG] ‘OPIS ae ¢: 6b ° Ce) bo: jsam jurod ayy Jo N ayia cae Te, BIOF “UZ © 9 2 Ps M een te 1 ynoqe ‘uappoysedsyy | S'gh oS S — y 121,68 Boz — ‘wd g yw dway €'9S4 ‘wd g ye ‘eg ‘Buoy duipiaas Z aun{ su ‘fy J9yos}[D Ur vappo f+ TT 721.99 Wz @ -yuadAE Jo N sap $9 ve — cmd § ggrlL-wid 91,608 ‘ddns P91 gl zoo -- cure Sh ‘dway g’oSh ‘wee Sil ye ‘reg ‘yey dnipiaas g ounf 1061 Aye00'T }Nsayy suonealasqo sugneszesdo Jaarasqo aed jo yalqo 57 1898-1902. No.5.| ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. Sr Lb Le 6z 1b oz So Lt gz 16z of 1 SLI g gf GS ze zE zy & be gS 98,89 of ghz © Ex Lh atm s Ww ‘aaejd awes 97,01 ogl o 28 — ‘duay [1'6SL 1° .€1 ‘reg :preoq uo] yey uasyaes] tr judy Ly gt 6 192 6 101 Sez ze oS oF S'zé gL FE gSz 6z gz Gz gg of Qf SSb Sz Sz g9 Eb 192 €F 101 gz Fz ob 2s 1B oh rh 9852 (0) 6S 61 SM Too s wy nad ‘ysaaphs adep rot 8 2 — 71 UL 2 oz€ — ‘dway [1°6SL o€1 eg :preoq uc] ‘Su0T uasyorsy €1 judy I SE zb or Seb iv gl Sz1 ob of Ez gt A+ ‘ay ge Sb Gz LE Sor IZ 1Z Sz £E oz S-9z 1z 61 £€ S6z gr SLE ze Li oF Ls + “FT SEbolb yz © fr ot SM ‘(purl ssayaous 8 Ww ‘u ‘d ssoroe padsasqo) aoejd ames | g'gh 1S S— y L1b 9g Sot — ‘ud g ye ‘dway f'9SL ‘wd g je eg ‘su0T dnipsaas 4 aun{ BE, 1061 suoljeasasqo Ayyevo'7J ynsay suoljealasqo, secjostas JaAlasqo ayeqg [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 38 Sz o'9 Ls LS S€ o1 Sz o'9 9S z9 SS zbhz zh €S 9 Sz b & Sob oS aaa ob Sb I (462 =o olin 5 ae M -214q jo yynos yurod ayy bE gl Soli — ‘dway [gq94 0,81 weg :preoq ug] yey] uasyors] z AR oS ze 6r 96z gh oii SLz tS or of Fr 1 lz 18 ob oS S159 91 (ftz i) gs Sho iM su y b br og ogi — ‘duay [p99 z,91 “ueg :preoqg uc] yeyY uasyorsy of judy oz 09 € g6z € git S6z Sb oz O'9 gs £9 gs fbz cS oF of of 2 otg pl obbz iC} 0 Of 0 “M s wu q : ‘usysroyy adeg 1V 6',2 og (6°61 — ‘dway fol 6 br ‘reg :pieoq uC] ‘yey uasyoes] Le judy og O'% gi Sgz Li Sor gS 1 9 ob oS gt ob tz 6S oF of gz bl of Sz +S oS Sz og SSE Sof ze $s Sz o”9 Gb Sgz Eh Sor g 2 ‘capes Sa GL 18 oth 1B ovsz WY a oe M ita -ueg }e $$$ LL yep ‘ddng | bgt 1b 9 — 4 9',hz,001 Soc — ‘duay [oSol bS1 reg :pieoq uo] ‘suoT uasyors] Sz judy s Ww Lo tz SS 1S gh Lb Pee cake Lo vz SoS tg SoS tre €1 ¢b Pen bere a 6S FE 8 9862 gg Str DLE LE oH punwy uo uanajauielg jo ee) HR neerore MSM Set 1°6 aor ay, uO SeS,L4 Szz — ‘dway [zl £591 weg ‘pivoq uo] yey uasyors] tz Judy 1061 Ayyeoo7T ynsayy suonealasqg SUONPAIESTO | yarasqO aieq jo yalqo 59 ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 1898— 1902. No. 5.] of of $2 1S g +S of oS €S 6S zS 6&z 1 6+ oS SE ol 8 gt ob oS SE g oof OI Oz! 1 oF GE Sb 65,65 18,68 GD o£ of o “m s wy ‘EpNsUve SJeyostyy UO 6',21 64 ofr — ‘dway [zl o £1 ‘3eg :pivoqg uc] yey uasyors] gt Avy € € St ob Sh Zz 19 z ibe Gozo 1 ob Sb z Zz 6r 9S ov Sr 1 66z z 611 gr €S ob Sb zt I gz 1S ob Sb 1£ 919 Egirz © 17 66 oO "MW s wy ‘uasyorsy aded jo yseq L',£z ,6L o41 — ‘duazy [€¥9l og “req :pieoq u yey uasyors zr Ae ° ° q q 4O yous] So ob SEo I ob E+ zb Loz ib Li S*LE €S * 5 O) ‘ -puey s,uasqpes] oS of £2,729 7 ehe ae eo M uai3nqaiéq jo ‘NyuIod ayy, £715 gl gogt — ‘dway [ALoL gr ‘1eg :pieoq uo] yey uasyors] S Kew ob oS bz Lgz bz Lor S'S fr ob oF of of gz 11 ob oF ze zh Iz zz o$ g Sv oS S'gh Sot °o 9 oo OF SS Lez SS Lor SANS. -E S1 o'9 0 oth i ootse D GSS 1 ot Rese Ut vs s Ww w ‘d ‘uaisnqaifq | OF gS g— Y 9' IE For €,oz — ‘dua [S°SoL 6,91 “seg :psvog ug] “duoy uasyoesy z AR oa 1061 Ayypeoo'T ynsay suoljealasqQ, ers JIAIISGO arg [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 60 of oS Sp Seb or gf of of th 10of =o FH IZ of FF ob oF Sgr S61 S zt So Se WZgS $07 gEE © LS zzo'py s uy ‘ppung« Sjassey uy 0,2 ogh Soz1— ‘dway [SzoL L-g1 ‘reg ‘pivoq uo] yey uasyoes] oz ARTY GE Gb tr St gh Sb SE Gb Si 10 Ql IZ LS gf ob oF SSh,gS S*,9h ,g&z 0} o tow s wy ‘oney odes Jo ys 6",9F gh of — ‘dway [LLSL g°,$1 seg :prevoq ug] eq uasyors] 61 Avy Gb Sé 9 $5 LS Lb Gr 15.68 S68 @ zz bho s uw ‘oueyy adeo yy z,£5 gh og — ‘duay [6194 621 “3eg :pzeoq uO] ‘yey uasyoesy’ gt Aeyy ot ob o1 062 6 ol! gz 61 Sr GE Ly gb oF Li Sb oF of 69 6z 6bz 19 11 og Of SHE SE £1 Ol o9 OF it c6z 1p orl S48 oz S99 — ,£1,69 f1,6Fe © eh S om ‘epnsulag $Jajjo}Siyy T 2 s wy ‘wa ‘d 1,€ 64 "yel ‘ddng | €0z SF 9 — y 1',07 QI01 S91 — ‘dway [roll L:€1 ‘reg :pseog uo] “Buoy uasyqoesy Li AeW eas 1061 Ayrypeso'T ynsoy suoljeAlasqQ aed JaaIasqQ eq 61 ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 1898—1902. No.5.] of oS Er gS ZI gfe Fr gt oz O° 2S €S gi ti aoeiel SHES ¥/01 gh oz 09 85 £08 ,PS,€21 © $6 9 o s wy S11 — ‘dmay [1994 gti ieg :pseoq ug] ‘yey uasyaes] of Aw Ee SEE zz £9 1z €Fz CLe 1 Gb EE LE gt S'gS gt SS Gz Lz 96z = gz git 6b SE or oF tb Str gz £f ov tr €¢ £9 zS Etz S of oS of ;% .90% =f Orr © € LolLow s uw ‘ul ‘eB ysaaphs adeg os a — 7 07g& ,16 oz1 — ‘dway [Sol zhi ‘req :pseoq uo] “Bu0T uasyors] of Avy oz o'9 6z 062 gz Ol! Gab fz of G1 6z S67 SE 1z Sq G1 gi 69 gi bbz 61 gI of €'S S‘oS oS So OI of €S S*gS 062 LS or lz €1 "Vel ‘ ; z ‘ Butpasaid jo ysva sayru L yee sa BF ote “. oe ie ‘wd Sk gl ‘yet ‘ddng ae — 4 £95 ,96 Gobi — ‘dway [roll 1°$1 ‘aeg :pivoq uo] “Bu0'] uasyoes] fz Avy ob oF Si tr Ly ie ob oF QI Zot Si zz 1b tz Sz o9 6r S Lb FE 1z ob SF oS "gt € S1 ob SF $09 49 &:,6b .Lfz g9F S OTM T “I s wa “Haag advo jo yseqy 0 gk og fbi — dway [2694 9°91 ‘eg i pivoq ug] eq uasyorsy tz Ae : 0061 Aytpea07] HOSIY SUO]}}LATISGQ aver ete? JIAIISGO ayeq jo yalqo [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 62 Of of 6z 19 gz itz 6b zS or GE gz gz gz oS or GE gi g6z = oz giI zé Lb ob oF 9S 19 9S itz +S fb ob oF L zg 9g ztbz Sr oF “puq S,pury jo nN sap z ob oF Or L6z gh dir iC) Lz Le Lom are jnoge ‘19a Jo apis yynog | O01 gS S— 7 S+zE .6g Uh ab ag , ‘ ‘ ace : uasyoes] €1 Ajo : : a UY 108 4 Ooh + ‘duway [oogl 6 £1 reg :pieog 19] suoT gE zr Si GE1 zo b ge zy br +S zi bEz bE o oO o'o O'g PS Sof FS Ser © gz LS rr Mm . : s wu q puedspion ye youaq Apueg 648 .oL Sov — ‘duay [SLSL L:j91 ‘reg *pieoq uo] yeqYT USStPeS] 2 ane ob oF gs Lo LS Lbz gi $s ge ae ZI ZI SLE €S ge zh “Li t6z sgt zis of 1S Sh €€ tp ob 6 of “purlsy ah 678 $€ Lo gf Lhz zz gh weysuryong jo yurod yynos gh ze OF ,76z = Oh oz 0) Stor SF S yy ‘ud . . zs ‘ 7 a wt | 96h “yey *ddng A — 1 6,18 ,06 069 — ‘dway [o'fSL 2,91 ‘ueg :pieog uo] “Bu0'] uasyorsy > aun ie S25 6z g6z = S*gz Sri gi €b ob oF gz Lz 9S ob Gh SE oz bo 61 Phz S°St g& SE gb oS S6z 1G Sir $$ S¢ o1 of o 96z I Qt SOS zé Sb SE ASf9 Sere © of of bm ea ‘— Sa s wy ‘aoefd owes | ors g 9— xy $:,£1 26 oo1— ‘duay [PLol Sot ‘reg :pseoq uo] “3u0T wastes] of Ae su 1061 AyyeooT WMNsayyz suoneAlasqgQ SAOHPATESIO | 3ar98q0 ayeq jo palqo 63 ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 1898— 1902. No. 5.] of oF 9 fz ¢ gs gt of o'9 O'1 v € gS zt o'9 (OF S$ Sz b Sof L of 6% oF gs o Sz or Lz 6z oF LS $$ LS v&z LS tz f€ SE jz Sof jf1,$c1 © shr6ro “mM s uy ‘soefd ames 1,2€ ,ol oS + ‘dua [694 0 €1 reg : preoq ug] ‘yey uasqoes] S1 Ajnf gz bth 1S 19 1S bz LE 6b Ee SE S$ 96z S$ gir 6$ of Se Ges, 1S L6z zS Lit SE cb ob zt €z tz tb 6£ oz gh of zg 1€ tbe ob LE E1 gS 1€ of £ of 1 gS bz Loz be Lit S$ of ob ££ 125.429 WS oztz QO Of of L +m Ss w “uw ‘Ye ‘uasneysaruueg adep 20H ers — 1 6:6F 68 F.9 + ‘duay [6-984 S21 avg :pavoq uo] ‘Su0T vastovs] St Ajnf ul $1 6S S£z tz g 9S G1 6S Sz 1g S-Fz 19% £z 6b of bh tb ad 9 LY of bt 9b .glz 8,96 © €S zz is MM s wy ; HSUPA, “suasseyyaeds« uoneys 1,98 ,9L $2 + ‘duay [oogl 9-21 eg :pieoq ug] ‘yeqT uasqaes] br Ajnf SE rE gi oz -1£0 0 ae 2 1z Sof 1z Sz S$ gb ge ve gb +S Sb bez gh br ge ae 0 99S tz @ 6 S$ 11M s wy ‘aovjd ates L1S sof 19+ ‘duay [orogl & br eg :pse0g 00] yeqT uasyors] €1 Aqnf 0061 Ayypeo0T WNsayy suonvasasqg SHOT EAMES O JDAIISGO ayeq Jo walqo [2nD ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 64 gz Lb gS ¥S SS tz te 6S GE get S‘or or zz oS GE gf zi Sof zi St 9S oS oz G'S SS hs SES Cree (0) oF Lt ir mM s wt *pioly soreay jo "My adeg $22 oo ob + dway [8LSL f,91 ‘Ieg :pseoq uo] yeyX] uastors] Li Ajnf Sz bh zb 19 1¥ 1bz gS 9f ve 7s ct 6z 6£ SE ee 7S LE g6z = SOF giT 1 £€ ze ze tz bz 6S 1€ Ly ae gil 19 61 itz b of we S'S ,L3 ,g6z sgt OD oz Le FM 8s ww ‘uw ‘d ‘govid aus ne a = y © 07,68 bz + ‘dway [oLSL 6$1 seg :pseoq ug] “Suo07y uasyors] gi Aqnf fz oS gi Sof gi Sz #z 9S €€ zy Lr Ly GE wh Ly +S oF fz gf oS Lez bb oz 1z br Lb or SE t1 Sof Sx Sz oS gt gf Le 19S bS VS bez 0} 6 Il 'A ye s wy ‘adeg wopua,. . tz oh gioz + ‘dway [LSSL 1,21 ‘reg :prvoq uo] WeyY uastyors] gr Ayn 1061 AypeooT }Nsay suorealasqg, SUONBAIOSIO | yaas9sqQ ayeqg jo yalqo 65 ASTRON, AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 1898—1902. No.5] gt ot gs Sb 4 tz ob tb ze £€ 6S I+ of SLE £b ob Ez of gs t6z S-gS tit zz FE 9S LS Ir rf ses €S gS 62 gh Sh oS gz th gb gb Lz Iv zh gz 9z ‘uaysnqssiaqaseeyy | Lor $$ S— 7 Zé ob yPE tg Etre © gor tz b tM su q su y ‘ud oS + ‘duay [oLSh L:.91 ‘seg :pseoq ug] ‘Bu0T uasyoesy Li Aqnf o 6fh 0 6S9 Sg I gb 6 8 of tr ZI ZI fr €b Si St €t 1b gt Sgt IF 6€ GS'zz €o€ Szz Ez z gf GE Sy gt LE 1€ +E SE Sire £1 €€ £¢ Sze of 1€ 1g of €z of S'gz Sle LS gz 92,98 Sbz,9fz © rrlz7r tw TAH s Ww ‘sorzjd awes | 61S S$ S$— 7 0,65 ogg on§ + ‘duay [SL$L c,41 avg :pivoq uc] ‘Bu0T uasyors] Li Anf earl : 1061 Ayyesoy ynsay suoljealasqgO pie tea JIAIISGO aeq jo yalqo [2ND ARC, EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 66 wh of S€ tof Sof bz tz 6b oz br o'6z S-9z 61 gb oz th G62 SS Oz SEz LS ib we of €€ gf Sob 6¢ abe of Ff GSE Sof of ah of SE bot gf tz St FE oz tbh S08 SS $67, $f © S$ cE 1 “HM s wu o£ + ‘duay [g'gSL ofr ‘reg :preoq uo] ‘aoeld owes o',S1 ol yeyY uasyoes] iz Apnf lz 6z fe €1 tz SEz Gir ZI 1zZ wz ZI I Li Lr St o1 St €1 1S 6 g9 So g $6z 6 Sir Str L € € Sze s s Seb + 6 6 FE € Sr v1 g z Sg gi sto L wz zwS &°£z,S9 S+zzShz © Sir 65 9 ‘Mm su J ‘ue ‘euapy ‘yg |oz1 LS S$— 7 z,g1 6g ovat duh [Usk geht Gea tT pieed 8G “Bu0'T uasyorsy 1z Ajnf sw Le Gee SE SZ gr zs Ly Ge Gb So. GE Sz Li oS VE Ste Sz SE Zé gh bE GSE € Sof b Ser fb Sb gz fb |b OSs Syste (ab fh aM To a su q ‘aoetd awes G17 ,9L oS + ‘duay [o9SL z',$1 ‘seg :pie0oq uc] yey uasyoes] git Aynf : 1061 Ayyeooy ynsay suolvaiasqg SHONPAIESTO | yaagasqo ayeq jo yoalqo 67 1898—1902. No.5.] ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. of of Sof Loz Gut Lit gt 1 oz race 6z 6 ZI SEI zak oz ofS Lz 6 zbz zS € LE 19 gt ibz ss +$ GE ge Geb Seb 9S 6+ ZS g6z €S gui ¥r oF ge fF £ Gr o £b L 66z g 611 Loit gb Hz 6b 1S 6€ LE Sr Sob zb SE Or 12% L og g ofz 6£ oz 6E re 4b oof SL corr © SSorz “mM iv ‘profysytA JO pray ayy iV s uy ae 01,9594 ‘yep ‘ddng | bb Fgo— ¥ O11 16 Sf + ‘duay [g'9SL 2,61 ‘leg :pseoq ug] ‘Bu0T uasyoes] 6z Atnf sw y ZG az zE 99 1€ ghz SE gb Sz of ob £6z 6€ E11 bE ot oo of 6 br1 Sg b6z t O6€ Le ov 1S os gr of Le ov St Sg Sb Sbz 1S +& gié gf — ,gz,bbz oforr1 OD Sheer cM "l or sw ‘uw ‘d ‘gavqd aug | biz LS GS— y oz ,68 Sz + ‘dway [£6S4 b°,$1 ‘seg : prvoq uo] “Bu0T uasyars] iz Ayn cena 1061 Ayyeso’] ynsay suonealasqQ anne JaAJasqoO aleq [2ND ARG, EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSE 68 bE oF ob £6z ob €11 St gi of ir £€ £E £1 gi SE gt S¥ 99 Sb gtz o £1 Sy $s gl gl SQ 11 Lo S‘9 oI oI 1£ 6 9 9 1z § € € se L o £62 o €11 zS g eS zbz €$ zi SS gz Sb fad .a4 Gh z Ghz Sz gt 1 Lz Lz 6% of of bod FE SE 6S gS LE Lg LEgltz OD SS LS9 “mM T “L su q cr Se ‘aovjd aweg | Soh bg — ¥ 1°,01 16 oS + ‘dway [zgS4 g',91 weg :pivoq uo] “su0T uasyors] of Arnf SMe é 1061 AyyeooT WNsay SUOT}AIBSGO SMONBATOSAS | raatasqg aed Jo yalqo 69 1898—1902. No.5.) ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. of zr FE z6z SE zi1 SSS QS or EF ab oF tz 9S of FF 6F gt 1 +S es ZS Seb zs 98 Lo LS Ltz ze 1S z z gz oS t F of 6+ 9 9 05 gr 11 ol LE Lt +1 go. br gtz SSE gb 6£ oF SS1 €b S*gf LE Lz tb ze £€ Lz iv of of fb oF Li Sz +S 6€ €z tz SEF gt 61 oz 1S LE zz os 91 (16% )QIgtit © 9rF o9F O TM “t a su “Ue ‘uappoperg 1y | £S109— 7 g',£,06 Lb + dway [gg$L obi seg :pivoq ug] suo] uasyorsy 1€ [nf sw 1061 suolyeasasqo Ayyeo07y 3[Nsayy suonealasqgQ JaalasqoO ayeg Jo yalqo [2QND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 70 gz oS £& tf gS gt gt 1b gt Lt Sb Sb 1$ Sb Lt gt th th 1S 6gz zS 6o1 gt fF € + 1£ ob o ob o oSz o1 6€ ss +S zh LE eS Sz OF ,69 08 ,Otz © 9 98 F Mm su wf ‘wd ‘anvjd ames | gS gS S$ — y S18 ,68 G0 + ‘dway [gzg4 6.91 eq : prvoq ug] “‘suoT uasyaes] 9g jsneny oo eb 1é II ZI €z 1S wh ore £1 oof €1 oz b fb ve fb +S +S 9g ob 2e Sp £5,608 £5 6% © oP gz 11“ M s wu *pueijsp1on €-,£5 ,94 So + ‘duay [9°€9L 0,61 “iegq :pseoq 9] wey uasyorsy g ysnsny SL o'o tr oSr 1£ € oO GL oo Eb gS zr gtz SE 6S or git bz 108 jb QIZI © of Lo ir ‘uappoyuawalyxq sw g',"S,6g “duoy ‘ddng 8',9z (94 Sf + ‘dway [gS z.91 “eq + preog uo] yey uasyoes] € ysnsny of EF ob zof 1h zz gf PS ge SE gz Lz ze aS ge GSE Sz LS gz Lez 19 zh of eb sch (tok zr zz1 © €€ oF 11 ‘M a3 x 6 uw ‘goed aus 17,68 ($4 0,9 + ‘duay [6'gS4 Li seq :psvoq uo] yey uasyoes] 1€ Aqn{ 1061 Ayyeoo'_T yNsay suonealasqQ SUOHEATESAO | yaasasqo aeq 30 yalqo 71 1898—1902. No.5.] ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. ‘uapsofyaipys Jo tyynosg S91 96z WS.f9 © S‘ol gII £9 €bz o7o$1 — ‘we'd ofS oL8 ‘suoy ‘ddng Z's1 408 got — wie og ye'dway [$994 9°41 ‘seg : preog ug] ‘eT WIaYso.y b Avy o btz o tg 6.911 $6,962 © ‘uapueuree(g 1V ogi —‘w'd ¢ trol ‘ud = § ,0F .88 “suoy ‘ddng g',08 6 07,07 — ‘we Sbh’gye'dway 6£o4 ‘we Sb'9 ye ‘IEG ‘yey wIaysoy € Avy ‘japrapsolyppory, Sir the z1 tg jo you ‘profy s,hegq uy $°,9$ S11 $L5 $62 © j07 bg ‘suo, ‘ddng L’ 6 ogh Giz — ‘dway oSgh ‘ieg wT] wraysog 6z [dy gi o11 Sg1 062 oz gf S11 or L &¢ bi oSz Sf1 of gz of Sb GLb 6£ gz S*9f 601 Qf 692 £ €z Lb,oSz book OD gE gr lL “wm “eprepsolypjory uO sm Y ‘me AV gh yet ‘ddng} ggf of S— y 3,6 ,tg So1z@ — uoou zr ye ‘duay o'Sol ‘ieg ‘suo7T WIaYsOyT 6z judy 8 mw SgSz 6 $9 *proljpjory, Jo apts isa O11 S*,1,$6z ‘%) ,0£ $8 ‘Buoy ‘ddng “E,01 gl ose — ‘duay [ell £91 svg :pieoq uo] VT WIdYSOoT vz judy 1061 Ayypeao'T 3Nsay suonealasqo Seon e202 Jaalasqo ayeq jo yalqo [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. is} oF Lit o$ Loz ‘profy uodeg uy jet gzhz $+,£% 29 iC) 098 “Buoy ‘ddng L808 giobt — uoou ye ‘dway [g'994 o°$1 ‘reg :psvoq uO] yey wiaysoy o1 Av gt bor Sob 6gz 61 6F SSz lz SSE of Sg oSz 6 ob SLE of ‘panes Aad ay $*,6 jor SL 062 © Bae lg i: “M er (71 08 ‘Ww ‘ddng| gtz t€ § — 7 2,9£,€g] o,€1 —‘w dg ye‘dmay [6°SoL 7,61 “zeg : preoq uC] “suoq wWaYysoy 6 Avy su q be Lit Sz Loz ‘piofy uodeg jo qo S$: Sb zbz Lyzqg © 098 ‘suoy ‘ddng 1,41 ,08 07,91 — uoou je ‘dway [o'S9L g'$1 ‘reg :preoq uC] ‘eT WIIYsOy 6 Av Sz O11 £E g6z 9 bz 98 £9 © ‘usppoppalys, uO zSr1—‘w'd + ,O£ .9g “Suoy ‘ddng 9,8 0g toz — ‘we ofL ye 'dway, [P6094 S*og1 ‘reg :pre0q U9] YI wnayso.y g sew Gr o4it € 162 S gh of fz Gre Ger tz Sz 6bz S-gz 69 SS zz SFE Se S9S Li S*gz O11 S6z 06% SSS tr j0S ,Obz G0S,69 WY SE zh iM ‘uoppopralysy Jo yynos sw q ‘we St,0g ‘yet ‘ddng| tS Sb S — 7 997,98 | Foz — We OF Lye dmay, [£694 F.21 seg :psv0q uo] “3u0'_] wiaysoy g Avy sum y 1061 Ayyeso0'_T ynsay suonealasqg SuoHeAresd? | yaasasqo arg Jo yoalqo 73 ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 1898—1902. No.5.] C61 gbz oz 99 oSe ib ° Gr Sof gf g ti 6 +6z Grr of 1S zs SS ze ob Sbz 1b Sg S‘gl gz 0S oFIl ,2S ,b6z © Grrozh “mM ate ‘oyeET JO YON sw q od 0L ‘yey ‘ddng a o : — 7 1088 | cor — we 6 ye ‘duiaz [9°S9L 9°,S1 seq ?preoq 10] ‘Bu0T w1aqsoT gz Ae Sz 111 gz 162 Str gf gt S*LE Li €€ Sze ze Ghz 1€ S‘gz gtz SLz x9 S€1 6z zS S-2S $$ Sz LS 311 LS 162 S6S Ez © cll SE ,z6z © gl zh iM ‘aoxjd ames] c. : : ee é ‘ Sear i: "Buoy wiaysog Li Avy G1€ gz $ — y 64,28 | 91,01 — ‘we'd g ye duay [iLL of $1 ‘seq :pieoq ug] s uw y Sob 611 gh 662 ‘piofy uoYeg ul uayepaatfy lt obz $,2Z 09 © /0£ .zg “Buoy ‘ddng g',1S 64 og — wd of-zrjye‘duay [8142 6°,$1 “eg :pse0q uo] VT WeMSOut Li Avy ; S11 bz Il 19 ‘piof,y uodeg jo peoyy $0 O11 $1,662 © ; jor ,Sg “suor “ddng ofr (64 €,g — uoou ye ‘duay [o'Sol zc S1 veg :psvoq ug] yey wayso £1 Avy 1061 K r suonearasqo Wes0T ynsay suonealasqo $6 wala JaarasqO ajeq [Q2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 74 Ss SSE 6S £ IF zh Sor z Lb €tz GLb £9 SS o L SLi gt Szb LS £1 ¥I SS 9S ‘sauastty UO 19 09H! 4 962 © ore 9 "M ae j08 LL "ye, ‘ddng vas os $— y fbr lg |6 ob — we Lye ‘dway [£962 9°,f1 “3eg apace, ug] “Bu0T WIdYSOoJ § aunt ma FT of SEz Sof SS ‘piofy sauaiepy uy ob bz IF FOE © of8 “suo, ‘ddns 6,984 Z99 — ‘weorjyedway [ofSL 6°91 ‘ivg :pieoq ug] ‘yey WIayso J + aunf ib SEz zb $s ‘puns eyaiaq ;CT VI S,zz fot © 088 ‘Saot ‘ddng br gh woh — wd S$ ye -dway [91S 1°491 ‘ueq :pieoqg ug] Wey WIayso € oun{ oz gfz S-oz 9S ‘aovjd ames jb fer Szb fiz © 814g ‘suoy ‘ddns Tf gh £4 — ‘uv of'g ye ‘dway, [S'9SZ 6°,$1 ueg :pivoq ug] yey, WwIayso.y 1 aunf S'zb SEP Sgz bE SS *S GSbh 1€ gS ztz 6S z9 61 62 9S gs S'gf zz Ly Sgt gk 61 Sob ort zbgoe © SES ork “pw hale : . ; s Ww pung exyoragq Jo apis ysvq | £ ee oe i 1 9755098 | L$ — wv of'g ye ‘duiay, [S-gSL o'g11 ueg :pieoq ug] ‘Su07] Waysoy] 1 aunf ti LEz Sf1 LS ;O ofZI ;l 9€0F © ‘piofy sAeg uy Ljz1 —‘w-dor ,0O£ £8 ‘duoy ‘ddng 6S gl Qotr —‘w'eSye duay [o'oLll 01,61 weg :pseoq ug] yey WIdYSO J 6z Avy 1061 Ayyeoo'T }NsoyY suonrarasqo SUONEATESAO | saaiasqo areq jo yalqo ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 75 1898—1902, No. 5.] "g S61 Sg ‘dwg gz the £1 tor paoly AJae1D Jo ‘piofy uolle) uy apis N ‘AN 0} adeg 79 ,9£ ,€8 “BUOT Le €oz 6b Ez SLE of ‘ul ‘d 70,2108 “Jey “M O} CN ,28 171 bz zz GS Sz,zoz CQ SS Sz b ‘mM | ‘Ppaq ‘useyy] = wraysoq 6 Ac 8s Ww Y £45 Ls oz gf 9S ss L ge 9S $o¢ gz of ‘Jeplapsolypjory, uO ss abs 6E gz 107 ,Qf ,bg ‘Buoy +S $8 S &€z ‘We 10 LE gh yey "MO CN 6,071 “A ofS S “MS 2S N OM gE gr lh ‘Mm | eq ‘use| wreyso,y 6z Judy s uw q “uadla[aA[f) ‘,,QF OF ,9g ‘SuoT “A ES g sSuuevag ‘4491 Avy paulp aa asaya AroyUOWOIg ‘ud Ol OF 64 *yeT "M OL 'N jE 671 ‘© Jo ‘N Yue anbygo ,o 51g © th $$ S$ ‘my | ‘paq ‘useyy dnipsaas Li aunf sw Sz bre br $s $98 Sz1 © ,gof © ‘deyauiolg yearn Jo ‘AS o',6 — ‘udor )Sb ,Lg ‘Zuo, ‘ddng $61 (LL L6 — ‘me Sye ‘duiay [LoL Sogi ‘aeg :pivoq uo] ‘yey WwIayso.y 6 oun{ Li git gi g6z SEE Of SL L bb Sz S11 Sor Sgt bz Sg1 zhz 61 z9 Sgt zz : Sz tb SL 61 gf SLE Siz Lt zf Lut £8 (L62© Sor Sil - ‘deyauiolg @miy Jo ynos oe s uw y i ‘we £E LL ‘yet ‘ddng} tp 18 S —y 6799.48 | f'9%¢ — uoou ye ‘duay, [1°6SL L:,$1 ‘eg :pseoqg uo] ‘Bu07 WIdYSO.T g ounf aeiecaan 1061 suoljealasqg suoljeAlasqo JoAIasqO aed AyypesoT WUAsaY jo palqo [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 76 *uaTafaaqQ nb ,6b 9g “su07] ‘A OL CN 62 ,LS¢ ‘aunf{ 4391 pawip am azaya uiod ayy ‘ud y0OT,OF 6L yeq AlOjUOWOIg © JO 'N ynwize anbygo ,ogtg CD th SSS “Mm qwizy dnipsaas Li Avy s Ww z 6L z 6$2 -— -— — — jsowusayoN © oo1 o ogz - -— = = YON 18% hQz 87% —o"g pur] ysea uo yurod ymos ‘uapuewerlg jo "Yy oz zr Tee Si +5 LT ,OF gg 8007 gh o SLb ogi gt gh HSE ,08 OL “Wey ‘G01 “N {$9,982 SSS 6S€ SS 6L1 6 Sb wd 20197 S*2h ght 24 g5& QD S6z 6 + “Mm ynwizy dnipiaas & Ae sw "MOL N ‘dwoy 1 gz $1 giz deyauiolg of ‘souasety) uG gz EbE Lz €gr n¥S 9S ,Lg ‘Su07 Sgr lor LI the SEE OF we fo pte gl WET “M OV 'N £5,911 @M te Sel “mM | spaq ‘useyq | uneysog g eunf sm “mM S°Sg N‘dwoy Ez 1f 97 S11Z EH JOON (© Jo yer 04) »areypyy« doy of 19% ,1 998 BUOT $6 gf OI git S'gI gz ‘wd nO ,O,0L ‘yey "M OLN ,To€Z1 UT gQ1é 721,981 GD Sbroz t “mp | ‘P29 ‘asepy WI3YSOoT gz Aepy su y ‘prof.y woe ‘A Sobs ‘duog ,LS,90z ,0,4z © jo su 0} ‘qyJOU UT eS ,L oz suo7y UIe}UNOW YSIy JO apis jsaa OT ‘wd 70819 6L ‘yey "M OLN {TE Qtzr 9 916 $6 othe DM Sr of & ‘HM | ‘pag ‘usepy | wroyso.y Li key eel 1061 Ayyeo0T yNsay suonealasqgQ SUONBATESAO ) yaarasqo aq Jo palqo ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 77 1898—1902. No. 5.| ob +1 - — —-puaysay Oo gf You ur purl jo puajseq or 1h “Nat AlojUOWIOIg ‘aaysaqaidq uy 0 ,06 "| ur Arojyuowosg 95,08 tor “Su0T] of biz zh €S Woon, n9Z FT Sh “WT ‘a OF 'N bz S18 £££ OM Soh oS o “m | Wouny uasyors] z Ae s wy “WB oeh Aepo} asinod ing SF 101 SLz +S St ogz lz 1S uoON EE VT gh “wT "A 0 'N ,9F 98h oz olz © 88 Sb 2 ‘mw | Gnuizy uasyors] of judy 01,84 you ysaqyiey puey o 601 S6z Sb ‘urajsroy, adeg uo oS ggz SS ib uoON n£S {2% oSh “eT “TOL ON ,Z1 9th S ose M o of o ‘mM |] Yury uasyorsy Lz jady s wy “MOT ST puL, aq} £,0,091 ynoqe Avpo}, asinoo js¥] NEG 1z €z€ 9$ 1 9 S eb bz 6S oz zbr FS 9S ‘jopunsaysueq uy Sb z& +S n9E bz 001 Buoy "gq 01 'N ,$$ 662 Or 12€ g 2 ‘ud Sz ,S5 LL yey 0197 zt ,ofr QE Sz1 6h S “Mm Tynuizy uasyoesy Sz Judy Samoan! 1061 }[NSIY SuoNeAIISqO ik ice JaArasqQ arg AyyeaoT jo pafqao [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. Sb SEE “AN ysequey puey “Sb £62 Yytou 0} JuIOg of L6 of FE “«PUNS,, SJesseH Ul ob oLlz S$ z uoON 108 TE gh yey “A 01 'N LS (79 rgblz GQ LS zz~o “HM qwizy uasyoesy oz Avy s wu Yq o 14 dwes urqyta ureyunour peoru09 Sb tg yysiu ysey dweo mmo : ©) jo jsay ‘oney, advo Jo “qs SF ,z0€ Aepo} asinoo Ino: @) jo ysey uooN 195 ,9P 8h eT ‘7 (Ol N ,6F 61 Sb LEE C&D sh ae "M | yynuzy uasyors] 61 Ae “spIva\jsaa (OI jnoqe Suipuayxa ‘q savy opis snopidisaid yA pury ysry jo adard uaaa ue st NY 0} adeo ysiy Jo M oS noqgy of zz (Aepo} asinoo Ino) MSM AIO}UOWOIg o$ gor (<) efnsuruad sty} jo pua qynog Sb 9g “ANY ur Arojpuomosg oz LE you ur adeo ysipy of €F sn jo “W] purl o} ‘uey o1 € _ - — jo puajsea of 7S obSE You ysayyiVy pury Jo puajsaa of ZS Egz SoS £1 ol gz 11 S$ {or o$ g ‘uaysnqaisq ul cs ° 9 70S ,Of bor *su0T] Sz 1gz Sus € ‘ud n9Z,£E QL eT “J OL (N ,£7,6£€ £001 M SS 1 9 ‘M] QnwIy uastaes] z Key eM 1061 Ayyea0'T }[NsayY suonvalasqg SUOBATESTO | y3a198qQ ayeq jo palqo 79 ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 1898—1902. No. 5. “yynos ay} 0} Udas aq Ukd pUk]sy WeYeID Jo AL[ODIN 4] $F .2% st you Jaqyrey Asojuowoid pue jsaapks adeo waamjaq ysvoo Jo puary Sz 6 gt £b oF gS1 g& ob S$ LS1, SSr gf ‘\saaphg adeg of LE S$ SE n¥b,Q 26 *Su0T SF of€ S-6S cE ‘wid MBE ,OF gh “wT ‘A Ol N EP ghz 981 DM of of b “Mm qyqnuizy uasyovs] of Avpy sw gz gtr Gz git z ZZ oSIE ,OZ SEI yred *s jsaySry [[emusoy “Ny ‘ARTOOIN 9] 6S £1 GLz 1b gz £61 Sg gf eb z61 6b SE ‘ysaapAs odeg gS i gz £€ nbb 9g ,26 ‘su0T 9 oF S of ‘ure nS ,O1 gh ‘yeqT ‘FT 01 'N ,zh,96 82,061 © € Loh om qnwizy uasyorsy of Avy s w y oS ggz (‘sqo 4st ‘Jo) Aepo}, ‘yey wosg asinoa ng St o1 qyou o} puey o SSE You jsayyiey purl waouyug 15 9%Qz }SOM UI BpIS YJNOs UO pur] o} ‘Ue of LSz Szb Ez s¢ SE 1z o1 ob 61 gr Sv So gr WT 95.96 ‘Buoy § $Sz Lz £1 ‘wed nO SQL yey "FT OLN PS okt Hzbh GDM. Loorg pm qnunizy uasyoesy tz Avyy aia 1061 ‘y[nsay suoneaiasqo euONeATOSC? J9AII8qQ ayeq Ayyeo0'[T Jo yalqo {2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 80 ‘pug spaey jo ‘N Saplul Z IBA JO apis yNoS nO€ ,zE 6g “BuoT] 6 ft L@ (SE JIA JO You Aro;uoWOoIg (jaaay-vas ye aqista ayinb jou AroyuoWwoIg) “pug spury O 1% 6b 2S of ob gz of Sb 6€ Zé Lb Sb giz +S €b 6S Liz Gi oF ‘Wl ‘e WP tS 9h yey] "7 9} CN 9 (SSz MIE GD Lele lL wm qawizy uasqovsy Er Apof s w or gS aPlAIp JO “AA UlejUNOW UT aspay jsowseddg oz 267 You ur pury ‘uey OI ggz You ul sdiaqeor asiey ob €€z purys, “ID Jo yed aqista ysopy Sr lbr qynos ul purl ‘uey, ot +6 zs b ‘puvl}sploN je uaepues Sz £6 FE 0 Oo uooN 95,95 ,9L "eT ‘a 01 N {L598 Sbozez CM ge lS irsm | pnuzy uasyovsy S aunf s w jy of 692 puryst [nos = - Sb L6 purjs! YON ‘ur} yseq SE of (puvjs] weyery) puejst yoy jo yaed jsareou ysaysipy job ,o purysy weysurjong ‘pues! "S ae} qION. SE Lot gi SS Sz Ler SLE €S S$ gz o$ 1S ‘T weysurjong so yutod ‘ys Sz got 6 oS iS ,1$ 06 “su0T SS Sof zz gt ‘ud pre 6 LL ‘eT "FJ 01 (N {9S ,LzE 2,71 GQ Ser Se S mM yynwizy uasyors] b aunf aL 1061 AyyrooT 1NsoYy suoneasasqgQ SMONEAIOSTO | ya\198q0 ajeq Jo yalqo 81 ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 1898—1902. No.5.] L 6&z udAey “URl £E gfz (¢puejsy uostrepy ‘odes, Jo yurod yynos) y2a[Uy AoJIoN Jo apismON Sz 7261 — puajsay of Eli ‘doAaq *N “Iatoe[s Jo puajseq Eb 6b W— of gti ot - €1 thr (‘q woy) | aan Li ob viva adeg ‘uey gz = JO apis}jsoy or SE eua[azy JS JO aprs}sey ‘deywopue 7b ,06 (Aeq ay} Jo apts Jaqjo) “q| ul puer ay} “uel *,41,07,63 “duoT o EI oS gi ‘UOON “yt, ¥7,9L ‘eT “FT Ol (N ,OF BE por is CE 6 11 Ir 'M qynwizy uasyoes] gt Ajnf s wy 6€ zL uasseyyads oS og puq s,purqy oz Lb = “ueL 6S of = u9}3nquaT 05 OSE yuay "N uasnqparys bh ott LE 6b ‘uasneqsuiuuegq ade9 Or gol 6S ob *,£5,6b,69 duoT GEr ght zh 6 ‘Ww 'e "H97E,9L “eT “A OO} CN: br gz1 65 bE | 6£ of Lm | ynuy uasyoesy Si Aqnf Paes 1061 Ayyeoo7] yNsay suolealasqg SBONPATESAO | raarasqo ayeq ; jo palqo [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 82 S9$ gs SP €€ glz ob tr $$ 6S If gf SLz £b ob o tle zw Ff 6 £6 Ir 1& 6r gs 6z SE oS gz ua}snqssiaqaseeyy gi 26 ot Lz "HIF, L¥ ogg “Buoy S96 gz 9% ‘wd “SZ1Z 94 eT ‘FOV “N {Sz hrE £ 16 © or tz b Mm yynwizy uasyoes] Li Aint s UY o$ 09 jnoqe uoNsap s,psofy soseapy IF Ltr deysoreayy esq Szz gti deyssioqauiolg 02,087 eiaq ade of 1 oF S ogz of th tr fr ¢b br 6Sz ft 1 Sb 1b 6€ SSr gSz z gf br LL 1 FE 6b €1 €€ 61 of 1€ ‘deysorpuazy a1]s9 A, £ ol Ez of *,0S,LS 99 *suoT 1F LS gz ‘wd *,bz,77 94 ‘WT “A O01 N ,OS €1€ 8 94 © mn lor om qawizy uasyaesy Li Ajnf Bee a 1061 AyyeooT qyNsay suonjearasqg SBONPAIESAS | yaasasqO ajeq Jo yalqo 83 ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 1898—1902. No.5.| eee he aye LS rot LS ate zi + ‘a “d "y8Z,$1 gl “eT "A OLN ,9€ ohdt OToIFE Sor ,191 | ae a “M | GpAZy uasyoes] 1z Aqnf z& €l1 ob ESE uoasg ‘N ‘adeo jsaivau ‘ury, ,O£ S191 ZE Ibe . uoaag ‘N ‘adeg oS 697 O% 1% S61 6g LS gi $s fz €1 S-6€ S11 z1 SSz zu g Lg $1 o1 Sov 1S 6 1 9g Str L oS G-zE S gf Seb b Iz ve € ‘euaTaH ‘1S z Sgz gz "08,91 6g ‘3u0T] LE geo L “wl ‘e *S@,S1 9h "eT ‘A 01 'N ,6b, 961 91ot9z OM ou oe mi qywizy uasyoes] 1z Aqnf of Lit _ _ - QI gir sioqauielg jo ysam adep S‘gt O11 (S10qauiefg) pue[peay yseqqeg gh 6zz uoasg ‘N uo ade of bz uoasg ‘N ‘uel S$ S€z yasiaqysoy ary 1S 9fz elaa adeg fT Sbz ua}snqssiaqaseepy Jo ysam adeg 1061 Aypeoo'y yNsoy suonealasqo pire JaAIasqO ayeq [2ND ARC. EXP, FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 84 jo yalqo br €€z 6z 6 gt zr k g cEz zS € Sz 62% ss +S o1 gb 9S 6b “prlolysytA Jo peoy ¥ zz Lb tb oF *SE,01 910 “Buoy 61 O77 6€ oz ‘ul ‘ve "10/85 9h “eT ‘A OLN {Pr igt 707,08 © ES gt z°M | yynwy uasqorsy 6z Anf s wy 1f Sg 6z Sgz uajnuspsolyspeeg £S 64 1S 6Sz dexwi0ys (4) 323n9 Ss +L €S bSz deysssoqaurelg gr zh br zz = SS LS g9 SS gtz _ - -- = : 1€ SQ 6z Sbhz _ Sy) me. SS 6S £9 LG €bz plofy aseey jo ysva adeg ob €S gt ffz yosiaqaseeyl ‘ue, £€ oS gf of% piofy aseey jo jsam — gf Lb be Lez = jo yea — +S 1€ G7S 117 ‘Ly soreap jo yam — St zz €z tow Jo ysva adeg 6 ¢g L ggi uaysnqiawwel jo "yy (ade) yu0g I og& Gr ogi dexwopua,, 6z lz uappo}uawaIyXy €1 6FE Giz1 691 — jo oaprsjseq bb iff gt 1S1 UdATRST JO SpIs}sa z 61 Gr 6€1 ‘NS ‘preg ‘Judy ‘N “URL Gh Lig b LE1 "yg UesIpieg ur UoAIG "N ‘URL 5b Sof ybh Sz waa adeg a10jag 1061 Ayypeooy ynsay suoljearlasqgQ SHONBAIOSIO | ryarasqO a}eq ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 85 1898 — 1902. No. 5.| jOl At yosiaqysay ary Sb zg SSG gS gs tz oS 1z 1 +S — 192 Seb 2S. Sy : z€ 1S of gz oS gI gf 6b - o9z oS gb gb LE LY bE 6Sz SSE gb oS S'S1 €b LE Le wb Szz Lz iv tl Eb oF ‘uappopeeg uQ o gh +S 6€ *,05,£ 06 “Su0T fb SEb gf ‘at & “4,05 SL ‘eT ‘7 Ol ‘N ,1F,0z £1 LL © oe oF 9 M | ynuzy uasyors] 1€ Aqnf ‘aovjd awe ,0S ,09 qimos 0} eq Jo apts Joyo uo puelpeary *,9€,01 516 ‘3007 S$ 61 St gr ‘ur ce “10,8594 ‘yey ‘WT Ol CN {2,48 181,061 | ot ot a M | Wnanzy uasyoes] of Aqn{ Of gzf 6z obi set ght sZE (gze uaysnqiay] JO apisyjnos uo purlpeagy 1061 Aytpeo0T Wnsay suoneasasq oO oe qWAIasqQ aieq [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 86 br 6£z puy s,puey ye yead ysaysipy b Sz “MS Ur Jaa Jo qNoyy ,2S ,$9% yey “N “URL of gt Lt g bbz 19 $F zS olz bb b+ a 1€ oF ‘A[nf €1 wo uapposayy jo Sz o1 6€ ‘Nz jnoqe ,,Lz,1£ (6g “suo7] z S6 wb LE ‘ud WIZES gh yey “TOL 'N ,1ZGEPE fot6 © 9 a ‘M | qnuny wastes] g ysnany : oz 6g1 purist [Jews Jo Jauioo “W'S ‘URL Bz Bgl eua[aH "3S of ggr dexjwopua,, Sz ght uasneysutuueg adey suey or Sze yuayy “N jo apis “y ‘aaID o£ Soft yurod "GS sjuoy “N ‘uappoywuawaryXy GE Egz yuayy ‘N Jo yurod “gg “Iq “APY “Iq “Wel 19£,¥S 6g ‘suoy LP £97 yulod “q'N ‘uaaTey ‘wd n8t,82 94 WT] “A OLN jf bee pro OD IF FO M) yynwy | uasyoest | & asndny ZI Poz yosioqysayarpyy gt Liz (1eak yse “Js ‘sqQ) ,.waqqen" or Lh yyo daajs €S Sgr yopurplog ‘uel Sb 6z1 poly yo peay ye ejnsuruad ‘r uoreys gt gz = usa]sey ‘Jauaqyeay woneys /£ .gol appossepply ws9}s9\\ 05,£ 06 ‘su0T gS Ig1 LS 1 gs 9z we 12,08 SL yey ‘FY Ol ‘NSE 681 /9E oI jrE,1gt | L Sz 6m ynuizy uasyors] re Aqnf ae 1061 Ayrypeoo'T y[Nsayy suoleasasqoO SmoneATSAo | yaxsasqo ayeg jo yalqo ASTRON. AND GEODET, OBSERVATIONS. 87 1898—1902. No. 5.] ‘uapposnysojAl "a oto Ss proly ayy ur jyurod Moy ayy ssulleag dnipsaasg £ aunf ‘LE “on dwep “M 599° SE ‘on dug sSuuee dnipiaa z aun 099 N Weed Ss ‘HT of8 'N spleMy}IOU purl} 0} suiaas poly ay} asaym ‘adeo usaysamyoN “puel wlaysaa ‘pung eyxaJAq "M 928 'S pur] usajsam ‘uappossepplyy ssuleag dnipiaas z Avy ‘deyausolg api Jo yynos 1 9f /91 91% dexyaurolg nS 9S 4g ‘su0y gz Ere Lz £91 SEE of ‘ul 'e 70 £8 LL ‘yeT "A 0} 'N ,£$ Lok "91 5zgt i gzkE CD th Sc Lom |) Qnuy wiaysoy g aun{ s wu : gs gz z 6bL1 adeo pue juiod ‘qn ‘eye JO YON ET olf SZoIIz (© Jo yet ay 01) v2eipyw tH 19% 1998 ‘SU0T $6 gf o1 gif S'g1 9z ‘ud 170 0.0L YET "JO 'N /5 (008 AL gre z1ggf1 @D Stroz hm | way wayso,y gz Avy s Ww “piofyy uodeD ‘uayepaaTy) q ce nt Lt ‘BU0T LS oloz 0 4% Yyou ul surejunow Yysty Jo apis "Wy ‘ud 70S ,1S OL yeT "| OV TN pT IS 6 16 S642 DM Si of Pom] Wouny wiayso.y Li ew s wm y S‘ob 96 zr olz (yim adep) adeo usayso yy Shr 06 gi oLz “aS 0} adeg Sz bb gz Sz advo wlayseq gz ere = SEL bgt “fy Ajaern Jo apis "N “aN 0} adeg ‘profy vowed uy G1 eb £1 ,€9 © Jo 1S oF prplysy 1 9€ £8 “SU0T Lt for 6b Ez SLE of er 0 ,21,08 WT | “HON (hoe begze |S Szqzoz M StS Sem | guy | wrysog | 6 sew yale 1061 AyyeooT yNsay suoljeasasqgQ SUONPATISIO | aarasqQ aed jo yalqo [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN, 88 ‘1S pue of sduivo uaa} ‘ "M off *S apis “My UO ‘uRy -oq ‘splemyjnos puaq je ; purl usajsea uo AJo}UOWOIg "M. oS! “S UOL}R}S 0} UIOIO]S Wo pUNOs Jo pualT, ssuulevog wIaysoy 1€ Avy “W301 PITAL “M 029 'S tf yeoTNOS | sSuueag wrayso,] of Avy "M OLE ON puejst UJayyNos Jo pua yyNOS ‘oVeE JO WON "‘M 5'L8 (N puryst “WN ‘WH | sSuueag wIaysoy gz Av "M ofl 'S — wla}saayynos ‘profyatsan ‘SP ‘on duieg "M of4 (N ade usajsvayioN ssuneag wIaysoy gz Ae SE ghz ‘N UL purl Use}sam — OI QII “M UL purl ‘uel ‘auiaag adey jo yseq 08 VE ueipyaw oq} ur © uolqpaliq uasyoesy] bz Avy yo ,£ ynoqe tog oS thE "N 0} puelpeay ysoleaNy oS Ler yyNos jsaqyiey puelpeafy $°,L¢ .bbr uepuaw ayy ur | uonsang uasyoes] S Ae zr SE “MSM ut Aroyuowo1d MOT ‘uaslajaurlelg jo tr Giz uanajauielg MSM Sajitz 1°6 aor aq} uC OI 62 ueipiam aq ur @ | ~uonsanq uasyoesy bz judy ‘ule}UNOU! dq} WOT yNO {8 ‘punoj alam syissoy ayy ynoqe suni Ajqeqoid yovaq Apues jsosuoj ayy ‘jurod araym “yaparjdeyaurelg so “siq} WOIy MVS PUR SPieAsaM Jey Suryojasjs PUL] AO] 24 L You aq} Ul urEjUNOW sqZ, "M ofS (N dexausolg ssueag dnipiaas 6 Ae 1061 suoljeasosqo & suonearas JaAras aye H[BIOT yNsey von qo io walao qo wed 89 ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 1898— 1902. No. 5.] of o61 ‘ernsutuad JO 'N ‘pioly jo peay iy 7S Lt axe] JO aTPPI Sb 6b Piofpjay jo peayy ob fg uaysnquay jo apIs YNos ay} uo puelpeary gi 61 Ol g Ajiaysea }sow = a o 68 Sz 9 (jemuas)A1ojuourord ‘z — of Loz 67,48 O°A Oo F Ajiajsam sow Aioyuowoid *€ = — ‘uaploly 0S SLt z& SSE yopuelpeeg ‘uey -JS9A Ul ploly jo praq OS 4hE DH ,.ueqqen woy = faduejstpyytuaz ‘ur E ye ensuruad ySry Jo yruums sea jse] uaas yapuepiog ‘ue |pue uonoanq] uwasyoesy 6z Aqnf ‘deyauiolg jo "mM" sajim 9g ynoge ‘gS ‘ony due ‘M S'691 °S deyauiolg sSueag wraysoy 6 ounf "M (OLN deyauiolg “dex ‘A S62 ‘s : yoeaq aq} payovar -sulelg jo ‘nN ‘LS ‘on dura aa oJaya ‘qyiou Ul parlpeazy s8uleag WIaYysoy L£ aun{ ‘A S9F *s ssutieaq jse'y "€S wosy soptur 1°ZI ‘A 98's punos jo uonsaup usayON ‘pS pue €S sdweo usamjag ‘M 0OF (N Uappoytiadép — adeg ‘ys panos sduuvag wIsyso.T + aunf 1061 suonvalasqo Ayyeo0T ynsay suonealasqg se elas Jaa19sqQ ayeqg [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSE 90 Se Lor (sqoQ ‘¥ Jo) juay 'N UO uoTE}UAapU] Sb Eb Way ‘N “Waus0d “|S “ary eb ob uoaaq ‘N ‘saqouriq Ja1ov[s Z ay} UaaAjaq UIL}UNOW Jo a[ppIyy gz gt uaa[ey Jo 1aUI09 “MS Lb €z — --— ‘aN — +S or udaley Jo pua “AS ‘uey f1 + uappo}uawalyXxa Sz €S€ 4SnqyuaweiyxY spieMo} spivMyjNos purl ‘uel oz 6f2 uassexyyeeds be Lz pug s,pury a a SE Liz Woy 'N “aey uornoaliq uasyors| € ysnsny Sb gbz ueqqen of 10f eiaa adeg of 6£ advo jurysip alow yw ‘uappopeeg Vv ;25,€% passansd ‘yo sajtm oz juoge ‘uoaaq ‘N uo adeg | UwoNoaIIGd uasyoes] 1€ Ayo[ 6 6Lz o1 66 gt 66 gt 6Lz (AepsajsaXk z *sqo aa) Japurlpeeg ‘ue, Iz 98 IZ 9gz (Aepsaysa& 1 “sq 3ag) Jepurjiog ‘ue $4,897 DA ,08 £62 6b €11 DH ensurued ysry — jaourjsipyyuaz ‘apposseppryy usz3}s9 \\ jo Wwuns ‘Buruiom Aepsajsa& Jo uorys | pue uonsang| uasyoesy of Ajnf 1061 Ayyeso'T ynsay suoleasasqg ies Ja.1asqoQ ayeg ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 91 1898—1902. No.5.| gS g6r Zz ON oo €z 961 (gaau — do} jo “M) woaog ‘N Yaau uso}seq £1 161 uoasg YON ‘uey zS gg vuspaA }S Jo wed “MN ‘uRT ‘uaysnq ZI gt euajay 3S Jo yed ysaysipy -iamuef jo “My puelpeazy eb Sit ua}snqiowwef jo ‘q Wwlog ‘uel uonoadig uasyorsy [$1 Jaquiaydas ; 1061 Ayyevo'T yNsoYy suorealasqo Feaearsed > IIAI3SqO aq : : jo yoafqo GUNN. ISACHSEN, [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM During the stay in the fourth winter harbour 1901—1902. Correction to Correction to Observer Instrument Watch Chronometer Kutter Chronometer Kutter at starting on return 1902 eg 1902 bom « Sverdrup Altazimuth Sverdrup April 1 + 5 44 59.5 | June 16 +5 31 52.0 No, 2. Isachsen Altazimuth No. 4 April 1 —5 13 23.0 | April 18 —5§ 12 11.5 No. 1 Isachsen Altazimuth No. 4 April 23 —5 11 305 | May 22 —5§ 9 17.5 No, 1 Isachsen Altazimuth Sverdrup July 7 +5 44 14.5 | Aug. 5 +5 qo 26.5 No. 1 Baumann Ship’s sextant with mercury horizon ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 93 1898 —1902. No. 5.] gS bor © SgS 6gz gr € Sz b re 1 § g olr 6 o6z o 6S LS LS €z 9S zS S-2S GSz FS ghOrz S,gh,69 © Sze 7 bm s um ‘gorjd aues| 697 6 9— y S',1%,76 o lr — ‘dway bog ieg *Su0T dnipiaas g Ae s wy Sb S11 Sob S6z 19% PZ 5',97 ,h9 © ‘of ‘on dweg opt1 — ‘wd 990 ‘suo, ‘ddng 6°,9£ 918 Zogl — ‘we o1 je dway o'fgh ‘eg ‘yey dnipiaas g AW "gz ‘ON ir Sir zr S6z dweo jo ANN sajlu £'g 0 oabz pl 999 © 9%6 ‘suoy ‘ddng 9°,07 918 S41 — ‘dway ool ueg ‘eT dnipsaag S Ae 6z Sg 6z Sbz abotir jth Foz © Zft1 — ‘wid b ofgl ‘usd + . 0,16 “Buoy ‘ddns z,LS ,0g Siofl — ‘ue g ye ‘dway, ogg ‘we g je ‘ieg ‘yeT dnipsaas z Ae zh €11 zh £6z j08 o9bz jot 099 © ‘tz ‘ON dup o, £1 — ‘wd of'9 oOLSL ‘wd of'9 ,0£,93 ‘Buoy, ‘ddng 1',£F ,0g zli — ‘we g je duay o95h ‘we g ye ieg yey dnipiaas gz judy zo61 suorjeasasqo Aypeooy ynsay suonealasqo ele JasIIsqO ayeq |2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 94 gf gir SE g6z Ee ae re sftathe ataig © ae ‘dd : zoz — ‘w II . a UOT as Q',ZE ,08 o191 — ‘we g ye ‘dma o'09l “eg yey dnipiaasg Si Avy 6£ ob of LE 1¢ of Ly ve Sz bir She bbz 61 If +S Stz tS Gg Si Lz G1 Sr 1b &z iS oorz S/S -99 OD o ezgem s§ WU zyoz — ‘wm ‘dik “We "gf “ON due a ae — 7 LSE ,6g og! — ‘ue g ye ‘dway o'ogl ‘seg "‘Bu0T dnipiaas Sr Ae GS¢ 6or SSS 6gz ab Le z Sz Sb Sz 9 OI! L 062 ze ft sg $$ €b gt S'gh gh ab GI b6be ze 69 OD Shr fr Sy s wy : ‘uw ‘d ‘ooejd ames | 607 9 9— Y 2',SE ,16 o41 — ‘duay ohh ‘ieg ‘Buoy dnipsaas 11 AeWw 8 wa Sri Lir S21 Loz 0S ,zbz 98.79 © "Ef ‘on dureg oli — ‘ud + ozlL ‘wd + Of ,b6 *suoy ‘ddng 9',LS og boiz — me Lyecdway Pell ‘we £ ye ‘eg yey] dnipiaag 11 Ary A zoO1 £ suoljearlasqo WyeooT }[NsaXY sUOTIEAIaSqO : JaA198qQ ayeq Jo 19240 95 ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 1898— 1902. No. 5.] €S 111 +S 162 oct €€ Gr z zé If g zi Or 76% Lb gz S‘oF Ly 1z £2 ev ev 6S oz LE bz LE log © ot gt 2 “M ae ‘aoed aureg] ih gb S — y £ 0b ,98 [1.9 — ‘dway ibol z$1 ‘reg :pseoq ug] “Su0T dnipiaas bz AeW s wy “I3] Soi 1z7 Li 10€ " suaspTnspy ‘EF ‘on dueg OS,g& S,1S,95 © ,cb 9g ‘suo, ‘ddnc L Sb 6L [199 — ‘dmay hol z$1 seg :preoq uo] ‘yey dnipiaas bz Ae Shr br 6€ 1S ob _ Sob 6b 6F S'zE E11 bE £6z Si Lb IF zh gS tb vb St SOE Eb Shore S4gh.99 © 1 aL m 8s wg ‘ule ‘aoejd aweg| g'9$ 6h $— y 2z',6z Lg $61 — ‘we 6 ye duay SSoL eg “suo, dnipiaag Li Kew su O 09% oO og ; € ,ogz $2,001 © "gf ‘on durg gor — ‘we 6 Kew Lr Wystupiypy 088 ‘suoj ‘ddns L',2€ og 1ogt — ‘we 6 sew gi ‘dway S'Sol seg eT dnipsaag | Li—oi Ae zo61 suoljeasasqo AyypeooT ynsay suoealasqg we aestae JaA198qQ areqg [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 96 6£ ob 1b 27S 1é SE Szr oS Giz Li Giz L6z SE oF LS zhz = S*LS zg ol zr SE $ S*gz ob 18 of bz 5,6 6&9 10} 9 Sg L “M ‘aovjd aules| Sy 6z ¢ — eS : ae: : : = lige i y S178 got — ‘duay ozgl ‘ieg su07T . dnipi3aas of “Ae 6 6Sz G6 64 ‘prof s,deg ‘uazoalpr, Sjo,1or $1,182 © wep o%§ ‘Suo, ‘ddns z,LS gl zob — ‘duay 0694 ‘1eg ‘yeqT dnipiaas of —6z Ae SSS 1z1 S'9S 108 ‘aovjd auies ET ogee S*,Z1 8S © 998 ‘suo, ‘ddng 88% OL zoo — ‘duay ozoh ‘3eg ‘yey dnipiaas gz Avy St SS g Ls ob S‘ob Lr $s Of gii G1E g6z 6r of tr Sb oz Lb oS of OSe bb SSS bz —S*,9S,19 © 6z 1h gM sw q “ul "e “Sb ‘on dweg ae ie — yx ,L,$¢ zs — ‘dury o'zol ieg “Su0'T dnipiaas gz Avy IE I@I zE I10F é ‘bh ‘on duieg GSE .géz £35 © 9X48 ‘Suot ‘ddng o',zb (6L gof — ‘dway o6SL ‘eg yeyY dnipiaas Sz AR zo6r AyyevoT }Nsoy suonealasqg SuOHBATOSGO | yaarasqo ayeq jo yalqo 97 ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 1898— 1902. No.5.] Sb gSz ,2@ J101 Sob gl fT 1gz © [9'9S4 yySrupry] ‘goeld owes go — ‘w'dg z aunf gool ‘wd g z aunt yysupryy ,0f ,98 “Suoy ‘ddng 385 9h O'>or + ‘wre g i aunf ‘dway ESL ‘we gr aunf ‘ueg yey] dnipiaas t—1 aunf Sz Sez S61 tr (27 ze ob o1 oF Il Iv 162 618 1Z Giz i$ S°S1 gI So €£ orgtz Syorg9 © ocr o'mM ee, s wy ‘yodap ayy ‘€S ‘ony dueg] ofS gh S — y £91.98 Oot + ‘dway rreSl cieg ‘suo0T dnipsaas 1 aunf 65 uw $1 $51 rs € &z Sbz wr zE bir = SzE bbz 6S LS S'bz bz Sof +S Sgt $'g1 SE 2S S,z1,srz £189 © br oS by Fate s wq w -d ‘aovjd ames} oS 16 S$ — ¥ £',91,88 [4,0 — ‘day o'6SL 7-$1 “1vg pseoq ug] "Bu0T] dnipsaag 1 Ae s wu Gz Ez ‘€1 Eok WS gf SSS,99 © : ‘uaeqe py oor + ‘uw dz oSSL uw ‘dz obg “Buoy “ddng 6,65 gl zo — ‘we £ ye ‘duay o'9Sg ‘mv L ye reg yeT dnipiaas 1€ Avy zo61 suoljeasasqo Ayyeo0J “‘ynsoy suonlvalasqgQ echt ei JaarasqoQ ayeq [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 98 ‘aoejd ames 6£ bz1 Sob tof Slzs& $,6z,55 © o88 ‘suoy ‘ddns Z81 gh ong + md Lye ‘dwar Fzol ‘wd L ye ‘seg ‘yeT dnipiaas g aunf S€ Li Sr Loz 19 IF 9S LS Sze 6£ oS gII oS 96z 19 of gz Sgz SES £€ SE of €1 1€ jb fbz 24 £9 10} gt 6z Lm aan s mw we “LS ‘on duieg} rgs £5 5 — y $+,6z ogg [oot + ‘dwoz Lbol o7f1 seg tpreoq uo] ‘Bu0T dnipi2ag 9 eunf su : FE Ezi GSE ok ‘sould owes Ghote 86,95 © Of ,98 ‘suo, ‘ddns 7,08 ,gl g0 — ‘duiay oo9l ‘eg ‘yey dnipsaas z ounf S‘9 L So Sr Shr Sot 1 £ oz She GStiz Sg LE 6S S‘ob Sut 6£ 9S +E SE zS $$ QzovIT Sez hoz © bh zS SM sate su q ‘sovrjd ames} gg Lh S— 7 z,L¥ 98 go — ‘duay o'ogl ‘ieg ‘su0T dnipaas z aunf su q zoo! AypeooT ASI suonealosqg gaat JBAIISGO o}eq ag ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 1898 —1902. No. 5.] gS ge gs 9S Si Sb gs gt gs 16z gS 111 6z ob oS ib 1 689 12 ghz © of ze o1 "™ ‘Ae s wy [h of — ‘dway zfoL obi ‘req :pie0oq uo] ‘yey uasyoesy or Judy "purys— au05 $+g 94 LE gt o1 1S tad by SE OF 6r o1F oS 062 Gz Lb ol ol Lb vb t 6bz — 69 gz zt SSogrhz SSS,g9 © g ob om ‘aovpjd aweg| glb 18 $— y oLS.Lg ate ee s wy ‘wd Som. [soh + ‘dway g'ho oki ‘seg :pieoqg uo] *BU0T dnipsaas 11 Ajnf ‘dey : Sr gzr1 Sz gok -aurelg yearn ‘zg ‘oN dweg Gg ,v&z $6 obs © of8 ‘Suoy ‘ddng 1+,bz Ll [19S + ‘duway g'vol £91 ‘1eg :pseoqg 10] ‘yeqT dnipsaas tr Aqnf 61 Sz 1% SOE ‘aoejd owes Sigh bez S'6b bs © of ‘suoy ‘ddns €:,0S LL zo + ‘duay z'ogl ‘eg yey dnipiaag g ounf ¥ ozI SS oof gt LE 9S LS bS bE SO 611 18 66z 6z Zé S‘gz S-gz ge gz 1£ ze Sgt gz for S',L£,09 © zh tz gm : ‘yopueldeyausolg s wy “we jo apis yon “6S ‘on dweg | zor 29 S — Y 9411 88 zo$ + ‘duay zoo ‘ieg “‘suoT dnipieas g aunf stu q Ayyeoo0T yNsayy suoljearasqo pA aie I9AIIsqO ayeq (2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 100 jo y09fqo Lz o'9 zh ub zé 6 Lz og St oof Sb oz1 fz § ge oS gI gt zou At gf oS $1.65 gt of @ tz LS orm sow ‘jassoyauiolg yy oO Sf $4 o'r — ‘wi 'eof'6 ye ‘dway [tig Sgt seg :preoq tic] yeX] uasyors] S Ae gs gf of gf 9S Fé ch 1b 6b €f ev fb bS z€ LY Lb Lb og €£$ 6Lz zS 66 ZI Of Sz ol © 08 gs LS gz +S €$ 1b Sz zs oS ob tz gr gh 1f €z ‘efeIyS JO yurod yynos rh 0b 1h682 © 2, — “a MM ‘wd 187,94 ‘yey “ddas ae — ¥ O,11 tg (fohz — ‘dway g'glL -2,$1 ‘seg :pieoq uc] “BuOT uasyorsy] fr judy ze ek fo) ° bz €S £ £ Ir 7 8 4 S 4S et II 1b 6b Lr Llz Li L6 9 gt ve bE 4 Sb of of LS €b Lz gz ob zh fz fz SE 1b Sz 69 str 67g V1 79% © 1€ OF FM a s wy ‘wd ‘soveid aureg | wi Le G— y £',6F 18 [s'6% — ‘dway g bol z,$1 ‘3eg :paeoq uo] suo] uasyorsy o1 judy ee zo61 Ayyeooy ynsay suoyealasqg SUONEATESGO | yaazasqo ayeq 101 i Ez gS ol ol bes ! | L 8 St + ! | £ $6z + zr € ; gs o Sit bz $$ Ls lero L 6h t6z oS tii Fr 6S oo O'8 Qz gz gS £8 | ze SEES. br 2S | gt ob 61 1S | fb Seb +S 6b gh 6b Sz gt i 125,59 sS.stz @ ob org “Mm s wy we “Ua d19[9}U2 A, Bue ey —7 £78oL8 rogt — ‘dway [iLL 611 ‘req :pieoq uo] “Su07y | uasqoesy 6 key gs hz 8 8 L g +1 tr 9S 9 oz oz a} i gz gz ot & ZE gz zE gor oz 1 + ob zP SI St 6£ LS i OI ol zh oS : 9 9 bb SS o iL o 12 oz 6S 1S col S08 © or 2 & “m | To au ‘ad ‘goeid ames | S'S1 Eh S— y 6gh ,Sg Loki — ‘dway [6194 $°,$1 ‘reg :pseoq uo] “suoT uasyors] S Avy sow zo6I Ayyeooy ynsay suonealasqg SUOHEATESAO | raarasaQ ayeq jo palo 1898—1902. No.5.] ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. [QND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 102 oe S'S 4 £z fr € Lz Lt tr 1 ze ze SEo € SLE SLE z 6% rad Iv 6b LS gk £6z gh 11 o1 9S Sb hb 9 9 fb €S °o 99 Oo obz g zs 9S S$ of 0S 1S 1$ oz 6b Sv Sp gS Lr 1h ,$9 jb She © Lz oh z tM sw ‘ua ‘d ‘aovjd awes| gf gh S— y Sg QLg Soft — ‘dway [6'2L4 €:,$1 ‘3eg :preoq ug] *Su0T uasyovsy 6 Avy 8s Ww OF Sy 1S ae of LS 6E Sb Gis 2S LS 2S GE Gr zS 10€ GzS 1c LE gb Li G9 6 8 £b Sb Li G9 6 8 9 fF Lr S‘9 S°6 sg Of gt Li Sg v1 tr € 7 Ly Sq S188 s1ogkz OD L 61 orm ~ Us su ‘aoejd aus £6€,5L Sobt — ‘dmay [hz4L obi ‘seg :preoq ug] eT uasyovs] 6 Ae zoor Ayyeoo'T yNsay suonealasqo SUOHEATSSGO | y3arasqo ajyeq jo yalqo 103 ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 1898—1902. No. 5.] ob fb of of of t1 £€ £€ ob £1 of gt gS zI ob ob z &L Sth Sty 6 4 Sob F627 = G'6b II 61 6 gz €S £ £ 61 9 o $9 o Sbz of $ 7 6S 6S iS b $$ sg o1 + us zs oS z 18% ¢9 Lyre © , Str f mM ism q de eel *dexwi0js ae ele 1 9',Sb olg o,z1 — ‘dua [S044 o,$1 seg :preoq ug] “su0Ty uasyors] Li ep zh SE Lz Lt g SS we SE Sle GLt tz 1 4S Ez gS SE cf € ob g9 OF se LS ve LEz 6b LE ob S*b 87 ZOE 97 21 © € €£ or mp tT es s mw q 91,98 Sh 0,6 — ‘duay [11Ll gobi ‘ivg :pieoq uc] Wey] uasyoesy 11 key zo6r Ayeoo'yT ynsay suoljearasqgQ cia reAIasqQ arg [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 104 G1 Lrg GSe €o& SSe Ez gf 9 GE Le SoS gS SOF fz i$ rt I Of 7G Lz Lz 7S SS Gle of Sle Eur $ 2S is a SE St b Lb SE 9S SE gz 6S oF eS gz GSz SSz 9g SE SSz SSz 61 £€ bz bz Qf of Szz,€0f G',zz E71 © gz gz OL "M s uw ‘govjd awes £919 gor — ‘duay [S:LoL z,$1 ‘seg :preoq uo] ey] uasyaes] gt sey Liz 39 1+ 1b SP 6S of gt gz gs ze ze or LS of of gI 9S 5 Sz Se: br SS Siz 96z S1z O11 Se €S ol Sr oS os Sz 1S ; es €s $1 oS GLS Eg GILG Eve gf gb I I gz Lb 9 9 oS St Sj z1yhg S21, "bz © es fF o M T a 8s wm “We *e ‘aovjd aueg | 11 16 $ — 7 £:,Sb Lg gpzt — ‘duay [o'g9l o zi ‘eg :pivoq uo] “Su0T uasyoes] gi Ae sw = zo6I AyypeI0-T y[Nsay suonealasqoO ea JaAIIsqO aeq go yalqo 105 ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 1898—1902. No.5.] or of ¢ ¥ ze Li oo gl GS gof SS oz 65 6 wE gt Ls Ls gt g ZTE gt £S §S LS €€z 61 S$ o Sir oS ° fo) zE bS oo FL SE obs SE rez © Sz Sh ir My sw q ‘goed auies 67,S1 94 $9 + ‘dwar [$°6S4 9°21 ‘seg :pseoq uo] yeyY uasyors] zr Aqnf ZI ZI obo g or ol €S 8 8 Sr 6S S$ $ ir gS o'r FE Oo g6z oO gil +S gS o1 oI g +S 1 £1 oz €£$ $1 Sr 1£ 2S g! gi LE 1S ot j£7 429 fzzeze © 1€ 6h Lom 1 eee “ir 4B ‘euapH ‘is| gir £8 $ — y $:,S1 ,68 Soh + ‘duaz [orog! giz1 ‘reg :pse0oqg uo] “‘Bu07] uasyors] zi An Peaneate zo6r AyyeooT yNsay suonealasqg errs JaAIISqO ayeq [2nD ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 106 Ie oF vE ve IF oz Ve oF SE tot SE Fz gr SI fb 1° Le lz oF Ir 0 61 $9 jf ,$S Of ,SEZ © gS gS 11 'M s wy “Pes uesipied ‘usepaxl[q 9',8t og [ob + ‘dway rogl onz1 ‘seg : preoq uo] yey uasyorsy oz Ajn[ OE of zs z$ Sb 61 OF oF €¢ bot €$ ber 6z +1 SE ob S6 S-6 Qz ZI SE oF $6,595 $6 Sf © Lh om s wm ‘uoaaq ‘N uo dweo yseq b 17,94 [901 + ‘dway $°SSL 9°21 ‘1eg :preoq uC] ‘yeqT uastaes] 61 Apof hr og ab tb Sel ad tr 6b 9 Sof Sob II 9 Sor S-6F &z GbS g6z Shs gir of € or of gs gs Loo ¥ +S +S gt 6S $ 1S S$ gf 6b 6+ 6 LS Sfh,09 Shobz © cose -m *puryst jo 7] s uw ‘wd yurod ysaysipy ‘aoefd ames} ggh 96 S — y 7,21 ,68 9,6 + ‘dway [£6SL o €1 ‘eg +: pseoq uC] “Buoy uasqoesy zr Aqnf 6 um Zool Ayyeooy ynsay suoyeaiasqg SUONBATESGO | yaasasqo ajeq jo palqo 107 1898—1902. No.5.) ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 1S £9 uawmjoysieg Jo yulod “MN ;O Q16r PuLlst ‘pue, Uso}sam Jo pua ‘Ny "rE ‘on dura ZE Q b 601 br 6gz “w 'e £% oI ogE ‘yey ‘Aa 01 N ,4,68 AS olgi CG SP o1Se SS ork © LM yynwizy dnipsaas o1 Ary "7 1z 6L1 uawjoysieg jo jurod usajsopy, vi o11z pury ames ‘yrs xorlq Jo yutod ‘MN ‘ S*,ob (bez 2 MS Ur pur] jsourusajsa yy ‘goed aus z eh S€ 601 SE 6gz ‘ud 12S QE 1g "yeT ‘A Ol 'N £8 (Sgr 15 08% 0) /9¥ 0ST 9h oh © Sz $ ‘ddns qauizy dnipiaas g Ae ‘ ne © o€91 Uae} ale sSuueaq yoy Woy “Ny UI UreyUNOW, ‘of ‘on dura gz bgz 1 obrr Sr $6z ‘we 129 GF 1g “eT "AT OL 'N ,0% oL1z of for M S1,9r $1.99 © Sh6 mM | qauny dnipiaas g Ae wy SE ET nf 9229 “yz © 94,6 ‘suo, ‘ddng LS ohh 07,07 — ‘duay [ofgl seg tpieoq uo] WT uueuneg v Aew St + °F nS, Lb65 “yz © $4 ,€6 ‘suo, ‘ddns 6°,g£ (SL S€1 — ‘duay [6S9L seg :pseoq uo] eT uueuneg @ Avy nak + AT 1/07 64 LS “yz @ Sb 46 “suo ‘ddng 31.94 oo1 — ‘dway [L-gS4 ‘vg : pieoq uo] wT uaewneg of judy zoo suonearasqo Ayeo0'J qnsay suoT}eAIIsqQ Sea J9AIISGO areq [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 108 SI oz ypplyerrg “wey 1z Loz o€ ‘idy ‘Avg adsey Jo apis you uo aded Lz 761 See 7S 1 6£1 Ge 198 QhZI I ‘oN adeg o $&z oS LE gt bSz LY bE ‘gf ‘on dureg Ez €Sz 61 1€ ,6f SE 6g “Buoy gz zh sr Lz ‘ue nhE ,ZE 08 "ye “A 01 CN ,68 ,gzz Eth ae “M yywizy dnipsaas Si Avy SS 611 yassoqpiapy ‘passioaay ££ €gz Goa ES Lz Elz Coat Sz €zz 1 ‘oN adeg or g6z yesiaqpiy . ,O£ oS uawoysieg Sz gS th Lz gs Sr Sz Sz LS ze Ez ‘EE ‘on dured oz 9fz Eb gt nh1,S€ 16 ‘su0T Sgz Stz zh St ‘wd Be L508 ‘Jey “J 0} CN ,Z1,z02% SSoFez DM Shr fr §$ "HM qnwizy dnipiaas 11 Ae RP dhe ol zo61 Aypev0T WNsoy suorjearasqgQ SUONPAIOSAS | saat9sqo aeg jo palqo 109 1898—1902 No. 5.) ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. €S ol Sb ‘on, dweo ‘uapsofyseg jo ‘N jJulog 6 0g dexjodaq 4s! 01 of uanapaly ‘1061 dweo key qL1 s8S ,z6z jasiaq neIs1OWS I 11z SSb €€ Lt o1% zé 1f ‘uapaemeryg ‘1l2] Hs boz Ly gz suaspybispy ‘Eh ‘on due u iz €% pel ,OF,9g ‘Su0y £ gz 65 oz ‘wd : : Sz,lz GQ ozgrS “mM nwiz pee Sh 6L yey FI Ol 'N ,87_9S ro . 0% qyawizy dnipsaas bz Ae G1 G01 uappoppljs] jo “| pue "N IG punoy brozz —- paofjarezy Suainasepy ojaq apis ysva uo adey G1 128 g «s: = z ee £ ‘on adeg Sz 39 zo6r ‘Si Ae prolyer;g oF ‘uel Jo LEE Aeq give] jo apis qyiou uo adeg Lb ,Sgz yasiaqpray = of ghz b SS +S zE z$ S Lz gf gh "gf ‘on dueg $ 99 Sof FP 10 OT Lg ‘Bu0T $z SQ 6r 1b ae . : . to @M SE 6Er HM OF ,Z£08 “IT A Ol 'N P18 108 oF9 qnuizy dnipiaas gt AEW s Wu zo061 Ayeo0T ynsoy suonearesqo ae. yaasasqo neq [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 110 Giz Sié +S ¢ ab bre zr & zG €1€ 6S LS ‘cS ‘on dureg gi €f1 S‘of $S 151,91 998 SUOT 1S ce zs ‘wd 8% 65 gL “eT "E01 'N (br ,g0f z1oztt OM FroS bh ‘m | Wury dnipraas 1€ Ae sum g S61 yo sap zh ‘apts you uo adeg S'or ggi apis yynos ‘ usdwey,, Jo doy, z ee piofy sauur ‘apis qyiou uo puElpeayy 189 QLve UIWWO TL. br to 1b zS SSE Eq Szr oS ZE &Q SE ob ‘uoreafpt, ‘oS ‘on dureg SP oI tb f% SIZ “SuOT gi ibz S*gz oF “We #81 ,L8 gh yey "A Ol 'N SP ES zbeookz M o gf L ‘m | Wnuny dnspsaas of Ae sw oS $61 uappojodag zr 6S apis jsea uo pue[peay 105 4£9 uapporeyy Sz G1 g Ls Ss #1 Lr $$ oS £1 6b oS “Sh ‘on dwg 9 £61 gz Lt 197% ,L (SQ *Su0T Le 761 Se bb ‘we nld St OL yey ‘A OLN ,2$ 911 £161 CD 61h § “M] Wnuzy duipiaas gz Avy Pp oo zo6r AyyeooT ynsay suonjealasqgQ ee JaAIIsqO aieg 111 ‘ynqepansyyM = prolypunsprazy (g ‘pung eyaraq = psolys0j ( 1898—1902. No.5.] ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. Li 6S€ uaeso}ys jo juiod "MN SP ggz uappo “(g prolypunsprazy gs o61 piofjareeys ul puelpeazy zS gg 1061 ‘FP aunf ‘yTy ‘Jey ‘dweo pro s,yos © og! uasurATA Jo ynos awayxT 11 $L1 (,uapsofj10jg ur purl ysea jo yurod awanxy 07 S91 uag}epy wor jas ‘punos aq} Jo apis yyNos uo purlpeafy Sez Lo S61 br SE 99 oF o1 S*gS Sq 61 g ‘yodaq ‘€S ‘on dweg SSz Sha 11 1ST ,£¥ 98 ‘Bu07T 98 59 & ‘wd nel ,SS gh ‘yey “A Ol (N ,Z 017 o£ tte DM oz-1 9g MH qunwizy dnipraas I ounf 8 Ww oz zL1 1061 ‘urayso,] Aq papuaose Spuvyst £ aq} Jo ysasivy ay} Jo yied ysaqsipy F SE Soz Udppoleyy wody yas ‘eynsutuad jo “S purl uleur Jo puWns ysaqstpy If g6z 1o61 — €£€ ‘on dures ye Arojuowo1g S'Sz got — jo Jaus0d yyNOS St Sr - jo yurod "yn )9¥ ob Ua@sO}S JO JauIOd "AN zoo! AyyeooT yNsay suoneasasqg suoleArasqo JeA1EsqQ aieq : Jo y92f40 [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 112 z Or 1061 jutod ‘sqg ‘jasiaquuowwy jo doy of L6r deyaurolg apy 1b 2S plofypjory ur adeo usajsa yy gh Sz —‘fj10}5 Jo apts ysva uO pueTpeay JsowUsaYy}NOS g LSe uasUrATy JO apis qyNoS Lz LEE uappowiedApy br €€1 ge LE 1 2&1 bS bE ‘yepurjdeyauiolg jo $$ 161 6z ze apis yyou ‘6S ‘on dues g me gk gz EE IT 8g ‘BUT sé SRE gz ‘we 191,08 LL yey “a 01 N ,Lb ght 5 orf O ae mM qyawizy dnipsaas g aun{ £7 tz yodap aq} WoJy yas ‘apts jsva uo jutod ApayyNos soy ob 60f . piofyarepy ut yurod yon “ES advo mo] ‘profy10jg ur adeo ysvaqjnos ST of yopueldeyaurolg jo saa amol}xq of 108 S$ iF SES Szz €€ £1 oof 19 gf “LS ‘on dura SES GSEs EF nt OT 988 ‘Su0T Str 611 €1 1€ ‘we nel Blog ‘wey "qo 'N 61,94 WE gtr M gr 6zl im qawizy dnipiaas g aun SL zo61 Ayyea07J WNsay suorealasqgQ SMONEATESGO | yaasasqO aed jo waldo 115 ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 1898-1902. No. 5.| “‘purjsy auog n8l,Or 1g ‘su0T] HOES Qh “WT ‘dey -aulolg yearn ‘zg ‘oN dura n£S,98 Lg ‘suoy 10 te Lb yey Aypeo0'7y Eb zgz purysy yyws so yynos ‘uey z& 1g1 66g1 uwnjne jo dues ino 0} uoroalq or 6S1 [SJ BU0D ye “fy Jo Aeq ysam oO} UONIaIIG PS ozz1 plofjauarpy 0} adueljUa je pur, jo yurod auanxy gz zh 6z II oor LE gz Sb oS gz gz 66 ob Sz zh 96 6b zz L glz b oz zs b 61 1€ te Li €1 Llz 6z 91 ‘J Ol 'N ,fz tg oroolz M ee trS mm THnwizy uastyoesy s wy SE ot deyauielg yeain Jo yynos 0} yovag € €s1 deyauiolg yo yorag ot (£61 deyauielg any ZT QTI o1 1S Ls SE 6b gz Lz Sz Lb a Loft Lb tb tz got gz zh "J 01 'N ,S£,981 19 $0 8 oF 9 ‘AY qynwizy dnipiaas w y : | yNsay suonealasqg SUCHIEATESAO Ja\lasqo | jo algo [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 114 61 Lzé Aay[ea aq} jo ysva ‘deyps ayyscy) ‘uey gi kz€ (‘g uradeo ysowusaysaa) ysaM UI puLl OF “URL Li pues, aU0D 0} ‘ue} YINOS 1 £1% purysy YwWS 0} ‘uL} YA JUaplouroD Ayivau ‘purysy au0d jo julod ysaysry 0} “uel 6 g61 "J auog ‘Aeq 0} sdueNUA Ie AJo}UOWOId 0} ‘ULL, br (S61 ysva ut psoly Jo som purl ay} 0} “UL ze gS bE Si 6b EF z OL bS ze SP Lb re gz 6 ZI OF FE LS gz SI 1b Sz *eraIyS Jo jurod yynos © ggi er tz : 105 ,OF org “Buoy S-Eb 1€ €z ‘wd 10,5794 “WT ‘A OLN FE (6Sz zolgt O 9 zr qnwi2zy uasyovs] f1 judy s wy OF 651 ‘LT qytws jo apis yynos ‘uey ZI 6zE bz €S €S 11 2S gh $ 4% O% Qze if 6b gb Lz 9 gh zr Lt L Sb 9S LS €t ‘goed ames ge oF zb 81 OF 1g ‘su0T 61 gh SE ib ‘ad HOF ,8 gf eT “J 0} (NL Lok igh ski CD 18 6€ b HM yynwizy uasyors] or judy Se zo6t & suoljealasqo WLoo'T ynsay suonealasqQ J9A19SqO ayeq jo palqo 115 ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 1898 — 1902. No.5.] fz BEES S$ S€1 Sz + LY wl & 6z bz o1 tf1 Lyo L Sb €€1 tr 66 €z gS €S b zie br 2S fb 61 1S *uatIafa}Ua A, oz 11E +S 6+ HET S Lg ‘Buoy gs Sz gt ‘ue “y2POE SL ‘eT ‘FY 01 N Lt FRE o£ o1f | oi Bf 9 “M yowizy uasyorsy 6 Ae O1 96z (€ Aepy Jo "ys wouy yas) yurod ‘ues oO gor Aeq jo yied jsadaaq oz L6 £ Avy voneys puosaq ysnf purlprazy SF £6 purjsr ulayynos Jo yynos ysnf ‘E Avy Jo uoyeys tb £8 of t6z 9S 9 gs z P of oz & S$ €6z oz F 6 zit 6£ LS ss zh oS ‘aovjd awies if tr SS £5, 84 $9 “su0y oz 111 oz #S . : ‘ud ne SE ooh ye] "A 01 “N ,65 ,0f€ ror GQ gr ze “py qauizy uasqoesy S AW ieee S41 “M purpeay yueysip ysou ‘E Avy jas purlpeazy uoont i 2,9 Sl ‘yey “J OLN $1,612 /1,gz= | zE6 Ir 'M ynuwizy uastors] S Ae cae! zoo1 Ayrpeao'T [NSay suo} vAIISYO pein JaasJasqo aeqg ; Jo 2!dO [2ND ARC, EXP, FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 116 o§ Lor = (,,au12Q,,) “GY 0} UOAIG "N JO purl awanxy iL¥ 32% uaynusplofyspreg of s6r oS LS g Lor LS 2S S$ S61 LE gb ‘sovjd ames u St ff Sb n£Z,SolLQ ‘Suoy oz tr 9g fF UOON neh, OF SL yey "A Ol NN ,9z,h hE iz oft © of gf or 'M qunwizy uasyors] 6 Ae s ut qf Lz zo Surspays dep ysep € ay Surmp asinoo pessuas ing oS zz uaynusploljspeeg SE Egz ee = = o£ 1¢z (¢euafap JS Jo*sadva ayy) = — = -_ ob LLz -_ - - LY 692 Aeq ay} apisur adea gi ogz (Aeq adiel & 31 Jo ysam) “MS ut adeo oz Loz YNos 0} uleyunow daays gb 6S1 O} Spieayjsam pue advo sty} wosy spiofy 10 sAvq asie] Jo satas 91 01 ysea-ynos 0} adeg | zoor Ayyeoo'T }[Nsay suolealasqg ae Laeaieese JaA19sqO arg Jo palqo 117 ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 1898—1902. No.5.| of £$z oF 06 Oo og (sajiur z jnoqe ‘ysip) “YZ 0} puerpeay ‘ury adeo v (4 18s “ue ‘6 Aeyy aas) = — - = Sb FL (L yySis “we ‘6 ep aas) sty} Jo Yyrou adeg i o$ 79 ($ yysis “uw 'e “6 Aepy aas fades ev sary siy} JO Yynos) qylou JayIeF Uotssaidap yOUNSIG Lb (SF uoToalIp "MS ur Aapea yourystq SE gtt 14S o Lot £ gt zh tor or LE uooN n9£,9E SL eT “yO CN ,bI tO St EFE | ee ae aN qynuizy uasyoesy 11 AeWW Ol 062 yoddeypeeg l o1 oF: ‘9S ur odeo uey Sb ozO1 ‘G 0} uoAag ‘N jo purl awanxy £z toz £1 € gs bro : zh Se o£ Sr £gz z 6S 6S 6F LS SE zoz or 9S £€ g 2S £1 1g o$ of ‘aoetd owes re) ot 6 x2 1888 Buoy] : 6z 9S Lr “wu “d nee OF SL yey “TOOL CN Lt ob FE 8 © Lz oh z*m | Yynuy uasyors] 6 Ary ean zo0t AypeoT yNsay suoneasasqg SGOHPATISIO | ya\rasqQ reg jo pafqo GUNN. ISACHSEN. 118 [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM € 6z1 saavpy adrg — : Sb gtr WEIS ULSIPILD JO apts jsay\ — €F ofr yuay YON uo jUIOg S,pieMpy sug — gh gr deyuopusA — ve Fz yosiaqaseryy — $1 192 pddeyssioqauiolg — GS €9z deywioyg — Sz 692 ua}nuspiofyspeeg — of o uoaag “N ‘adeo 0} ‘ury ze ib Qaddeypeeg wou uaas Ajsnoraaid) euaazy "yS Jo “S adeo ‘ury gi Li yoddexpeeg ‘uvy yseqy ‘euayaH 3S )SF zt uoasg YWoN ‘epnsurued ‘uey HOF 1,68 “Buoy £ gSz € of Q % wd 18% ST 9h eT “A OLN Fo eL1 LS gb LSobse MO Ledi tem) Wouny uasyors| zi Aqnf s wm Y 9% ,061 uoagq ‘N uo eynsuruad jo apis yyNos ‘uel 0 99 Sb 6S iv gz gS oz or LS § SQ gi 9S : oS br $$ gz tg Sk €S Sr Sz 1S Lz $1 oS € tbe gf gt “deywi0}s St gz Lr 9%,SF Lg ‘duo 2 zw zbe gS Sb we St, St ooh ‘eT “qa OL CN ,Lb1S 0S itz @ ES fF g “mM NMizy uasyors] St Avy ee zo6l Ayyeoo0-7J ynsay suonealasqg SWONEAICSAS | yaasasqO ajeq jo palqo ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 119 1898— 1902. No.5.] $z gh (jounstp ajinb you) ‘| auog jo apis yjnos ‘ury o €€1 Avg aod 0} aouRsjua je pur[peazy ob of1 psoly yey} Jo apis usaysea uo puelpeazy SE bz1 “fyauaezy Jo ysva ‘psoly Jo ysam purl o} “uel $ $11 yse¥a dy) 0} AaTea ayy 0} ‘IG ‘(sade of ayy Jo St 66 Ud[BPIOYS 0} “IG ; ‘we jsowusajsva) deypAs ayy j0F 86 BINS JO pus yos ‘uey] uoyoIIIq uasyorsy tr judy FS 699 duied jse] 0} yy 81S 1 blz IF oz gz clz gi S1 ‘preg uesipiey ‘usejaael[q gz 16 ob 110 uooN bE 82 gl “Wey “A Ol 'N 11.892 SLs © gS gS 11 “MM qnwizy uasyors] oz Ayn s Ww Sb bre deywiojg — oS gf& jadiaqaseryy — Si gzé deywopua, ‘uel uaayey, 0} "UL; YOU YA sapioutos $ 60€ uappoyawalyXy Sb Loz Way YON Jo Jaul0s “qg — 1€ zlz yUaZ YON jo Jaui0d "MS — £ 6€z You ul juay YON ‘uel Q of% purest jo qutod ysaystpy 19 07% (2) pues] uostuep jo apis you ‘ury £ SL St 61 ‘uoaag ‘N uo durvd yseq] g tL 6z b1 uooNn Gee leok ey ‘FT Ol “N ,§,901 8zZ,zSz | “LoL o'm awi2y uasyavs] 61 Ayn ea zo61 Ayypesoy ynsay sttonealasqg suUO|BAIasqoO JaA1asqo aleq Jo yalqg [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 120 $S Lg ysam utuoaag ‘N Jo Wed Apaqyou jsou ay} 0} ‘ur, Sz 6z = gS 61 es °o 8 adeo V SE 1bf (punoisypeq aq} ut afqista Ajaieq st pury) Aeq jo red ysadaaq ge 1€€ advo VW o €Llz (S ‘sqo yse] ‘Jo) Jassoyausolg Jo “Ms adeg zr €S1 uaynuspsolyspeeg Gi 1€1 deywii0is ayy Sb Fz dexwi0js “WONjeYS JSP] WOIF SoTIW zZ°O1 2S E11 sioqauiolg wooo uasyoesy] gi Avy 6h + = gi 6zE advo vy gf Fit euaae ‘JS JO ‘S paumsse Apiatmsoy ‘adea ZI ghz uajauielg puz Jo uonoemp ‘xoiddy ze OFz uajauielg 4st JO “MS ulejunow daajs gE 1% yassoysuiolg Jo "MS anp Ajreau adeg oz 611 uaynusplolyspeeg Sz 101 deywi0}s aTI'T gb S6 deyxwo}s 187 ,08 sioqoulolg uoldold uasyorsy gi Avy of bz (19pues a10}¢ aprsur pur, ysry) adeo — Sr 61 uaynuspiolyspeeg ‘uey ‘G PSE deywiojys airy ‘deywioys SE otQr OAKEY SsaqoIy uyog ‘uey | uonoasq uasyorsy gr qudy zo61 Ayyeao-y 3 Nsay suorealasqgQ SMe aee te JWAIWsqO aed jo walqo 121 ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 1898—1902. No. 5.] O% §z ensuruad yo ysva snwy)s] oS oz ‘ensuluad jo yurod ysaysipy Lt gt eynsuiuad ‘uey, z& tr ‘fyaseen jo apis “q ‘uaSiog jo ‘g puelpeayy oS + © $Uas[g jo juiod ysaysipy gz Fre ‘fysoreazy eau Yapiaiayy A uoyeyS of Ff profljaseex apleiyA Jo's Aeq jo qed ysadaaq | E1 Sgz yasiaqaseeyy ‘url o£ zgz uoaag "N ‘uaxiqI0}S Jo Japiog yseq | “AN SS2] JO aJOW odes SPAM YseT OMT Si Sz - = = Sb 1Sz a = = gt bbz = aes ae Lz Lee aaoqe — - gt bbz gasu-do} Jo sam ‘Aan Eb Ebz (¢S1aqaor asus ue) jurod ysoysiy s,eualazy 1S Sb obz paau-do} Jo a]ppiyy ‘(1 Js) deyxsprofjyaserg ansg 19ohS ,€ LEz uoaaq ‘N ‘e[nsutuad jo apis jsva ‘uey | uonsaiq uasyoes] 1z Ae zoor suolealosqg aren knaeene J9A198q0 aeg Aypeoo'T yNSoY jo y99!qQ [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 122 oS LE wig at} jo apis jaod ayy uo ye des ay} ye ulejunow jo jyied ysaysipy S$ €€1 wey ‘ o$ zz ua][osseppryy JO Julod ysaystpy o 611 uaTfoyssepplyy “Wel of 66 pur[peay Sz SL pioly Jo apis jsaM uo pueTpeayy oS oFf japlajapuy Jo apis yyNos z& 662 pury wiajsaa ‘ue y ‘soft 3°g = 7% ys puest Jo pua ysva jo ysam ayy ity v syutod advo yseq woly jajamopo Aq ‘\sIq oz 66z purest Jo pua seq ‘(€ ys) apposiog asap. )S¥ ,L6z ernsuruad ‘uey uolsa1Ig uastporsy zz Avy ‘1061 jo Jowuwms aq Ul papuajxea saj~m Uado ay} YoIYM 0} puL[peay aq} 0} Ajqeqoid ‘sqo ysvqY ‘Aveq & ‘g pue L ‘sqo usamjag S zh ‘fyasven jo apis ysea ‘uasiog Jo ‘Ss puelpeapy Lz +E uasiog jo jied ysaysrpy 11 z& uasiog “urs, o1 of (aplesapuy Jo YNos) puey usaysam ‘uel S$ oz ploljaseex) ut japtesa}}A JO You ade qst zb OFF jeplese}1X jo wed jsamoy Of 1gz Aeq jo jied ysadaaq g 98z PUTS! JO apts }sa “ULL ‘satu Li € = 1 ‘js (pueyst jo yied sam sassoso) jadiaqaseeyy 0} ‘uel Wolf Jajamopo Aq ‘jsIq gl yt @ S,uas[Q Jo julod ysaysrpy ‘z ‘ys ‘epnsurued jo pua jsa LI bez deyspiofjaseey alsq url uondaliq uasyovsy iz Avy zo61 Aypeoo'y ynsay SUOI}BAIaSGO, he taba Jaarasqo aed jo 3040 123 1898 — 1902. No. 5.] ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. U2 YWON jo zulod LYou jo seal [Jaa smoys ‘T weyery jo yred ysoySrq ayy ‘purjst ayy Jo do} ayy wory ‘uorsq ‘N 0} ‘uR} Jo iea]o st euajay ‘1S (pues! Jo pua ysam) duo worg o1 SIE sameyy odeo ‘uel S$ Soz yay YON ‘sio1weps 10 gaan | S$ Sof ‘S$ uo JUaY YON ‘uel br 6L1 ‘N Uo Judy WON ‘ue . SE oS: ‘N UO UoAdg YWON ‘ues oF zi (uureo sreysjag Jo “My Oz ynoqe) ysam uo ded jo ‘ ureyunouw jo yied ysaysizy 6b L6 ayel JO apis you ‘aa jo yoy, Sr gS (ujnsuruad ssoz9e snwy)st : | ay} YA aulT e ul) ‘Tuy yION ‘paau ysa Ay | 1f G1 y2[U] Yfoyony ‘epnsurued ‘ueyz Sb EbE (61 Ajnf{ ‘yeq) dweo snoraaig z 61€ (dweo ay) qn aul] & Ul) OA “N ‘JORIS Jo a8pa awanxy epawlq jo yuod ysaysipy OI Ie vuajaH 3S | uonooig uasyors] oz Ant : zoo1 yNsay suolealasqg SuOH Em a=a9 JoA1IsqOQ ayeg Ayl[eIo'T Jo walqo (2QND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. SE z6 JUDY "N JO apts yNnos ‘uey or 06 61 Anf ‘uoaaqg *N ‘dwe9 ‘gory £S oS uoaag ‘N ‘9AeN snolAoid jo ysam sanau of 6 ofSE deywopua, ‘uel uoldas1q uasyorsy 1€ Ajnf OI zg! sates ay} uaaajoq uiejunow daajs ayy o1 bLr pue of G1 uaaajaq UOAIG ‘N UO ssJaIOK[s OM] ITLL z gSt uoaag ‘N ‘s910e[S (uso}sea) year3 Jo [Pp of SSI UdA[LS[ JO apis ysa ‘URL ob or: (aur e ut spuerpeay z) uaarey jo apis ysva “uel Sz gor deywopua, ‘uey zz $6 uajsnqaqqoy jo "N puelpeay ‘uey oF £g usppo}uaWaIyX | Sz 19 ud}SNQUIWaIyX| JO I[Ppi zh rE (gto daays jo 3uru -urgoq) uajy3nqjuawalyXy JO "N puelpeey ‘ues, z& GbE uasneqsuruueg ‘uy, Sz ze ‘N uO Judy YWON Jo pua ysva ‘uey oF 62 (uajsnquay jo ysvaiqe) qyou sayjaey Avg *JUIY “N JO JousO ysva-yNOS OI FOE uajiodsapaalayy ‘uay ‘nN ‘Aeq jo xed ysadaaq | uonoasq uasyors] 1€ Aqnf Es zo61 Ayyeoo'_T 3 Nsay suolealasqg shone steed? J9A198qO ayeq jo palqo AN 12 ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 1898 — 1902. No. 5.] of 6Lz _~—pue ob ogz uaaa\jaq UOAIG *N UO sia1ov[s OA BUT SS #SE (Aepsaysa4 Jo *}s) JUaY "Ni JO JausOd ysva-YyINOS ot £S£ —- — yoy Of gzt UdATES ‘Ue, YNOS Sb zzt (puejs] uosiepy ‘pur[peay AO ‘S) “JU, JION JO apis you ‘uey S$ Sof 61 Ajnf tuoaag ‘Ny ‘dwep | Sb 66z uoasg ‘N ‘9AeN oF 1Lz uoagg “N ‘sxioe|s ay} usaajaq uleyunow daajs ayy gh ggz = uoaagg ‘N ‘4at0e[S (usa}sea) JvaIs Jo sIPPY g gt (pur, Aor ayj) samepzy advo ‘uey se Lez uoaag “N ‘epnsurued ‘uey gi Ezz (pueyst ayt jo yutod ysaqsiq ayy) euaazy yS uo ueED g tli apporomwel alsa “URL ‘deywopua, )2S zl uappojuamaiyxg ‘uey | uonoaimg uasyoes| I ysnsny zo61 Ayyeso-y ynsay suonvalasqg SBONBATESAO | y3a198qQ ajyeq Jo yalqo 126 GUNN. ISACHSEN. [2ND ARG. EXP. FRAM V. Isachsen’s Triangulation of Gaase Fjord 1902. The base-line A—B was measured twice with a 20-metres long steel tape. Its length was 1496555 metres + 0.05 metre. The main mast of the Fram in her winter haven of 1902 (Lat. 76°39/49”, Long. 88°38'15”) was taken as the origin for the rectangular system of co-ordinates. The positive X axis lay due N, the positive Y axis due E. The orientation of the net was found by the aid of Bau- mann’s determination of the azimuth of the levelling-staff. Instruments: Plane Table and Altazimuth No. 1. Results. i Co-ordinates i Station Altitude Y | Xx Baseline A. . 2. 1 | — 64.7 m — 1862.7 —- B.....)] — 1454.7 — 1308.0 Cairn IV" 3 a ee el SR 298 8x8 + 2768.4 + 500.0M + 2.0 Sw wee me ge | Ee ggoRe + 3416.5 + 19.1 + 0.9 = Von =e es ew] se 78.0 — 5721.7 + 316.7 + 27 Starting-point . Se 4230 + 43.7 Cam tT. . . . . . . | — 3086.7 424 | — 51891 + 2.2} + 2538 + 1.6 — Wo... . . | = 12388 + 19 | + 6678.6 + 201 + 1461 + 1.3 —~ 1X... . . . | = 2875.9 +06 | — 9828.6 + 1.9) + 273.3 + 2.6 Station XV. 2... | = 2rt6.1 4 3.2 | — 3g + 89 CARS See: a et | Se PIG ES — 15557.9 SME eae we, ae gf pages + 10815.9 = Ww. e & s 2] b 2808 + 18397.9 me VI eas ae eas | ee eg + 10928.3 = OMMID Ga oe | S85 a9 — 21462.4 SS RIG owe ge tell ee aigag8 — 17712.4 SIV ee ge ee a | ee Bey — 21181.4 | | 1898—1902. No.5] ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. Position ae of the Starting-points a oO SYtvalroskap UIMaageberg obaasefy.kap 127 [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. ‘piofjsoupeapy UL purys! 0} ‘URL “Wy “(jaaay vas ye apqista ayinb you) deysoreayy “uel ‘uaSiog pur wes ayy uaamjeq Acq jo qed Apiaysva soy ‘uasiog JO opis jsam ‘uel ‘PURIST JO apIs jsaa\ ‘URT, “puvyst JO apis ysva ‘uvy, ‘deyspiofjaseery ase ‘yjnsutuad jo opis jsam ‘uel ‘ytnsutuad jo yied ysausipy THE wareD “TT wareg “AT UilRO “wey TW Weg iE Gated “y ouly-aseg "gq aulj-aseg 6 ‘apis yiod uo ye ‘Ay une ‘Jsvu UIVU ser TH Gira ‘uejuNoW YSIy Ywauaq ‘apis ysam ‘TT WED ‘apts ysaa\ “] ued ce 2s bh 62 Sr Sz of og oo go $9 o's O'0 1 : SpleAroy JYSIS JPAaT “WaA Giz 16 Siz ile b ot ze Lt £b 96 EF olz fz € ££ £6 £€ €Lz § Zl $6 16 S6 Lz voz Sor 16 Stor 1Lz g Ost 9 69z 9g 68 og oo |; 65¢ 1 6L1 Sr 16 Sr Ihz Ve of g O6SE Lr 16 Li 1Lz g gSt 9S off z& +6 ze Flz ze OS! Sep t6 GE bhz L 96 AT uneg b glz zt 96 oo) =6—0'8 gt zot € 3 £ Foz £g So S€ cz o ot! gt ELz o 68 o 692 tr £6 G1 fle zi £6 | og oO Le Sir zzgg 9 fz gz gb S6z | €b £oz q eul-aseg 1z 9S Zz 98 z tgz | oo 8 o'’eg € Let € gle o 96 | og oo S Lig SE gz tE 68 ££ 692 € gil +S 68 SS 69z | G 28 FS,98 175 (99% | 105 QOFE V auly-oseg toe. a, j apo [vosaA, JPAdT “OPT apa yepuoz0 PY yurod-Suryivys "SUOI}IAIG PeAJesgy ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 129 1898—1902. No.5.] “AT uiieg oo Og gz Sg gs Sgz oo 8600'S Sir Liz TIA ware Eb Sz gf olz Lk gtt gt €L “proly jo ptay spieao} uoloalp ose ‘1061 wei Jo WS purppeazy o ale gS zl TA wareg 1S rlz oS ‘weg ayy aytsoddo apis jsaa ‘purlpeayy SL olz g 18% ‘apposiog 91}s9\. SEb olz 11 tz ‘uasiog jo ‘s ‘fy Jo apis ysam ‘pury ‘ury € €tz IE une) ‘gnaw 1 = yuatunsysul ay} WOT, adULISIG ‘WD aq} Jo asjUaD Sg ynoqe ve 7s LE 16 gt oF 6£ bor "A ude) of fF €z goz gt oF 6£ EbE “wey L Lie "ST yysIs ‘AT ied 99g ‘Uappossepplyy “URL 1z Sgz Sz ggz ‘apis jsam ‘TA ued oo «Eg Sb olz oo GL Eb €1z Tl uaeg ‘qqau 1 == JuawNsut ay] Wor aduysIq ‘UND ay Jo azjUa_D gor jnoqe ‘wel gt 66 gt 6Lz SS gt ‘uasiog ‘A wlley gi 16 gr Lz br S ‘Ula]S S,WeIy ay} UO pUelpeazy or &z ‘uapposseppryy Jo “Ss Aeq jo jied ysadaaqg o1 L6 o1 LLz o$ 6b ‘uappossepplyy 0} ‘uel Sz $6 Sz SLz gh Sti ‘uajepdesys ‘yal JO yoy tr +6 br lz oS 6€1 ‘apis sam UO puLprazy SS of ‘] umvo mojeq yurod moiwen S:zS €6 GS-zS Elz gz tz ‘piolfso1eap Jo apis jsam uo ade 18 16 1S 1Lz £1 Sz ‘psofjsoseapy JO apis ysaa. uo adeo ‘ury gz 16 gz 1Lz St €z € yy Sis ‘J ued vag “Japlasapuy Jo apts “q 18Z olz AT witeg ‘T ‘I ‘T ‘I Spieno} JYSIS [249TH A, apg [wonsaA, [PAI] “IOFT | apostg yepuozuo0 Fy qutod-3unj187S "SU0I}90.IG paAlasqg [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 130 *urey1a9 ayInb jou ase s}Yysis ysel Inoy ayy ‘qoveaq ay) jo yied e ynq sdeqiag ‘deyauiolg mojaq yovaq ‘uey SE zee *proffioys Jo. yjnow seq £S gze ‘proljiojg pue piofyaatq usaajaq puey oz bzt ‘uappoywiad APT 6h ozt ‘Japrosiapuy yw eddary o LEE ob of gz 6g oo ot € GSr ‘\sam splemoy dexaurofg jo jwuns gs et €€ olz fz ob |SzrSSi$ SEE ‘PUNSIPU] “pues, weyeIy ‘ue} YWON € Loft *‘purlsy weyery ‘ue} yyNOS SS zgz ‘purjs] weysuryong ue} GON ZI Ogz S$ 16 ‘purlsy weysuryong ‘ue, yNOS 1b olz zz 1hz ‘jOUT|sIpUy “A WIIeD g meg ‘uasiog JO yynos ‘My UO pur ‘URL Si S1E efnsutuad jo jurod ysay g Sif ‘apposiog as)saA Sz f1€ ‘apposiog e1pues bz gg oz £1f SE 98 b Ef ‘TT une9 S*gz ELz 6 St Vs 61 fb Le we of S:Lz bok ‘wel gs ze 61 zlz i a a £€ bz S*g 06 gs z6z “AI wired gi ze LS 692 i a an g fr THA waeg ‘WoL = JUdWNIVSUL 94} WOIF adURISIq ‘“UIIeD JY} Jo s1yUIaD Sr ynoqe ‘Ty wre of 142 oS +6z ‘T wireg ZE 69% oz SSz rz of oF 8g og oro 1$ $$ ‘wel gr Sz pT GIL oo Og G1 of I[] wareg 1 a 1 = SpiVMO} YSIS PAs] “MIA apo [eoysa A, [Pavy “OH D[OMID [e}UOZIO FT yurod-3unitys “SuOI}IaIG PeAsesqg 131 ‘opts jsaa uo aded Moy ‘uey, gz zg of fF LY gg oo Og OI zz "Xx wuIeD ob €€ Sr lz rr €S IZ 7% “plofjsomeayy Ul puR[st Jo apis jsam ‘uel ah 3e L xlz oz Sb 1z SL SE oF - gS gg oo 8608 Eb Otz "piofjsoreapyy ur pur[st jo apis jsea ‘uel f1 09 SS Lz SE of Sb 69 ‘uoasqg YON ‘uel 8% 89 ‘yurod Ayrayynos asow [[Ns & y4ZIs awes aq Ul ‘JapiesanA JO Yynos ‘psoljsoseayy Jo apis ysea ‘puerpeayy of oF 95 olz oo Of I 99 “M UO pur ‘uel 6z Sb Sr €Lz oo) SL ve ze ‘apis jsva uo purppeay ‘uey tz oS S-Sz Lz oo «gh 1 6S *Aayfea uslajsea Aq pur[peapy re ub L ale SE of of +1 ‘apposiog asso, bE Lz ge Se b 16 ve Og ze 6S1 "A une re wt S'gS ggz Go o'9 SE 6£€€ ge SE gt Lg 6E& g% St 06 "wel re ar Sq zlz oo) 6—0’'?8 OF olz PI O'9 SE 16 Ev Fz #S 9g "AT uireg Ve ob 6z g9z oo 08 9S g9z I areD ‘We oT == JUDUINIJSUL oq} WOIF sdURISIG ‘UNIZD ay) Jo arjUaD o61 ynoqe ‘(deyspiofjaseey ‘@ pure ‘purest ay) jo pua jysea ‘apposiog aisaA ‘uappossep ve obs gr Lot “PIT FUT] & UT OTT [A WsTeD Jo ysam\ Sara COZ JNoge) [TA UsIED oo fl oS LbE ‘T] wre5 S'S 692 S€ 691 wh €€ +S 16 So 09 S1 g1f ‘TT ‘wires £ goz QI of! “AT wnleg oz S'S S*,1F .99z Gh oz S zt olz1 TA weg | 4 1 5 SPi1VMO} JYZIS [aaa] aA, aft) ]Bd1NI9 A, JPAaT “JOP | apoMtg [eywoztroFy yuiod-3unieys 1898 — 1902 No.5.] ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. "SUOI}IONIG, PAAJEsSgQ [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 132 NX uneg ob Gz Sb zlz 6E oz gz 6Lz ‘NYT weg LE of 1S 692 ob oz 1£ £1€ Or o% S11 98 oO O8 6£ €€1 TEX wireg or Sz gh Elz gb tt Lb €1€ TX warep ‘opis jsaa uo adea MoT €€ ib “XT uneg oo gl gs Loz co og €z 6S1 o'r orf zz 16 oo O08 LS Szé “AT Greg gz gti or of Si 16 oo) §=6—o'?8 LS €z€ ‘T ume fe Sb Lb goz gto ol z th ‘TEX weg or £tz x Ue) o9 OL PS 06 oo = 0’g ot StI “AT ualeg ze ob S 692 Sh of oz S6z £:S. oft Sz gg oooh} ob tir Wed] ol 1€ 1Lz Tz gt Sb F6z zh 68 gt S6 T wie9g zr SS $1 olz 9 = =69'0 oS Shz oz ob gt gg SE Lz gb 66z ‘pioljsosjeapy Ur pues! ay} Jo a[pprmu ay) awvaN Ez Sb fe 1Lz DOs OS oO oz SE of Oz gs be Sz Sb S6z *piolfsoleayy Ul purst Jo apis ysva ‘ucy of of 6€ Lz oo 86'S I Qit or o'9 $ Ls $$ Lo Iz bit yy UNIeD oS 61 18 othz oo 60'S ob Sfr XY] wire9 ‘WT == JUDWNI}sUL ay} 0} DdURYSIGq ‘WILD ay} Jo amUaD o£ jynoqe £S g9 ‘YP weg oo 6008 gS gtz oo 8600'S IZ gtz TTA wireg tr of zh 06 SE of 0.98 ]T ues + - 1 “r spiemo} 1481S Jaaey “Hea, apoig peoa~, [PAV] “JORZ | aposig [eyuozopT yutod-surjieys "SUOI}IAIG PaAtasqg 133 oo Eh. zh 6g oo Sh 61 zLz ‘TL ues Gz + gi olz oo 60's 1z 76 FS oz Sob 6g oo 8 60o'g 6S cor ‘TWX uneg Gz oF zr olz Sz oF oO 1¢% XI uleD “£1 yysis “TTX aires aag ‘uoaaq ‘N uo adeo y OO” — O18 Of SSE ‘Jassiaqazeeyy ‘uel o9 «(O'! 1$ olz So o9 6 FI oz gt oF gt€ "AT wareg Sart SEE zh gor oo £9 Sb gtz WX wneD og = $0 sk so AIX neo ‘profjsoreayy ‘advo MoT o of KX uIeD ob gz LS 692 og oro St 6 ‘Bua]aET “JS Jo yutod ysaysrpy ae GHEY ‘St olz ‘uoaag “N ‘yeag oo =—-O'8 gi $6 ‘profjaseey ul purest ay} yo yurod jsaysiy ayy ynoqy Ly o€ Sq oo gh £6 oo O'8¢ 6 +L TX wireg GE FE L gg9z oo SL Fr bSz IX wey *piofjaseeryy 0} ejnsuruad jo yied ysaystpy 1 of (:euajay “IS JO yynos adeg) ‘uoaaq ‘N uo adeo ‘uey Sta. eee SLE gtr ‘uoaag ‘N ‘ue Eb Gz 6z LS1 ‘uoaag “N ‘Yeag Eb Sz 1S gSy ‘euajayy ‘}S jo yied ysauysipy Oo I9Q1 ‘eUuajay JS JO apis jsea “uey $$ o1 oF olz Ge hz 6S 6%1 *BUITPH “IS JO apis ysam ‘uel 6S 6'0 ob olz re Gz 1€ 191 ‘uoAaq “N ‘samep ade €S ol1 ‘deysoupeapy ‘uey oo EL ob 12 oOo 608 zé Lt ‘profjsoreapy Ur pux[st ay} Jo JaulOo yseqy Lit oF €€ blz rb oz gi glz “EL qysis “[ used vag ‘apis ysaa\ uO aded mo] ‘uRy of gf 27 1Lz Ee Se TE ,66z TTX une9 Tou 1 - ; SpieMo} 1Y3IS [PaaT “Waa apIND jeosaA [Ad] JOEL | ayo yejuozo0fy qurod-gury1e)S _ 1898 — 1902. No.5.] ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. "SUOI}DONIG PeAsesqg [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM GUNN. ISACHSEN. 134 "| O'S $2881 EY ay) Jo Wnuzy $$ Soz LS Sz (a) 1 wr Eb Sz Sth Soz fb Lor Seb LbE “wel S6z LEE S'z€ Lor gz Arr S*gz Loz (9) 1 ware f1 Loz Str Lit F zor GS zgz (a) XI weg oS 192 zS 101 o Lg z Loz ‘(v) A wre SLE ggz 6r 98 zh to gz bbz “LET fb bbz of +9 yutod-Sunirys SE get SE z6 oo Og th eli “XI wireg Le vr gz Loz Sz oF gr PS¢ gk of oS SI “WRI ] SS S61 ge OF 9 tI “AT wareg oo 8 O'g It 761 #1 zS€ ‘TT ware oo) =o’ “Sob cli *profysorjeayy ur aded Moy ‘ues, oz 761 ‘apis jsta uo pur[peap z Gb fr 2S ge €S1 ‘emnsuruag cr is job .££€ AX wonrs spiemo} }qSIS Jaaey ‘Wa, Ja TeONIIA, Ar] “JOR | aposig yeyuozuopy | yurod-sunirys "SU0I}IIIIG PaAJOSqQ 1898— 1902. No.5.) ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. Notes on the Maps. 135 As stated on the accompanying map of the field of work of the 2°¢ Norwegian Polar Expedition in the Fram, the shaded parts of the map are the regions that have been explored by the Expedition. The rest of the map is drawn from the English Admiralty Charts, “975, Smith Sound, and Kennedy and Robeson Channels”, and “({1158] Discoveries in the Arctic Sea’. For the assistance of the reader, a translation and explanation are given below of the names found on the maps accompanying this work. Norwegian: Berg Botn Bree Bugt By Dal Eide Elv Fjeld Fly (Flya) Fos Halve Hammer Haug Hav Havn Holme Hus Jokel Kap Kolle English: Mountain Cirque, coomb, corrie Glacier Bay Town Valley Isthmus River Mountain Moor Cataract, waterfall Peninsula Crag Hill Sea Haven, harbour Small island, holm House Glacier Cape Round-topped hill 136 GUNN. ISACHSEN. (QND ARC. EXP. FRAM Leir Camp Li Wooded slope Nab Knoll Nut Mountain-top Nees (nes) Ness, headland Odde Tongue of land, point Polle Small round fjord, creek Port Gate Sand Sand Sjo Sea, lake Sund Sound Strand Shore Tange Tongue of land Teltplads Camping-ground Ur Talus Vand Water, lake Vik Inlet, core 6) Island Or Low land at the mouth of a river Nord (nordre) Syd (ser, sendre) Ost (astre) Vest (vestre) Stor (store) Liden (lille, vesle) Hvid (eller hvit) Sort (eller svart) Red Blaa Indre Ydre Ovre Nedre Adskillelsens leir. Alpelandet Baad (in Baadodden, Baadhuset, Baadsfjorden) Blue Tnoer Outer Upper Lower Separation Camp Alpine land Boat (in Baadodden, Baadhuset, Baadsfjorden) 1898 —1902. No.5.] ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 137 Baas (in Oksebaasen) Bogen (in Grytebogen) Bjorn (in Bjornebugten, Bjorneborg, Bjorneleiren, Bjornesundet) Bjornesvingen Blind (in Blindfjorden) Borg (in Borgen, Borgodden) Danskesundet De to kratere Djvel (in Djavelgen) Dyr (in Dyrebugten) Falk (in Falkodden) Flatsund Fugl (in Fugleo, Fuglefjord) Gaas (in Gaasefjorden, Gaasebug- ten, Gaasedalen, Gaasenesset) Gibs (in Gibsfjorden) Gletscher (in Gletscherfjorden) Gris (in Grisefjorden) Gryta Hare (in Harelien, Harefjorden, Harenesset, Hareuren) Hat (in Hatgen) Havhest (in Havhestberget) Heks (in Heksefjeld) Helvedesporten Hoved (in Hovedgen) Hvalbenet Hvalvos (in Hvalrosfjorden, Hval- roskap) Hogda (in Sandhogda) Isfjeld (in Isfjeldodden) Jammer (in Jammerbugten, Jam- merodden) Kadaver (in Kadaverdalen) Kalven Kjed (in Kjothaugen) Klampen (Klumpen) Kobbe (in Kobbebugten) Stall (in Oksebaasen) The bend (in Grytebogen) Bear (in Bjornebugten, Bjorneborg, Bjorneleiren, Bjornesundet) A place where the bear turns, alters its course Blind (in Blindfjorden) Castle (in Borgen, Borgodden) Danish Sound The two craters Devil (in Djevelgen) Deer (in Dyrebugten) Falcon (in Falkodden) Flat Sound Bird (in Fugleo, Fuglefjord) Goose (in Gaasefjorden, Gaasebug- ten, Gaasedalen, Gaasenesset) Plaster (in Gibsfjorden) Glacier (in Gletscherfjorden) Pig (in Grisefjorden) The Pot Hare (in Harelien, Harefjorden, Harenesset, Hareuren) Hat (in Hatoen) Sea-horse (in Havhestberget) Witch (in Heksefjeld) Hell Gate Chief (in Hovedgen) Whale-bone Walrus (in Hvalrosfjorden, Hval- roskap) Height (in Sandhogda) Iceberg (in Isfjeldodden) Lamentation (in Jammerbugten, Jammerodden) Corpse (in Kadaverdalen) The calf Meat (in Kjothaugen) The lump Seal (in Kobbebugten) 138 GUNN. ISACHSEN,. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Koss (in Bjornekosset) Kringsjaa Lands Lokk Langfredag (in Langfredagsleiren, Langfredagsbugten) Ler (in Lerbugten) Levvel (in Kap Levvel) Maageberg Mai (in Maiodden) Middag (in Middagskollen, Mid- dagsodden) Mos (in Mosviken) Moskus (in Moskusfjorden, Mo- skusleiren) Mekkafjorden Okse (in Oksebaasen) Paaske (in Paaskelandet) Peilingsoen Rastodden Ren (in Renbugten, Rendalen, Rensfjorden) Saata (in Saatebreen) Skagen Skjertorsdag (in Skjertorsdags- kappet) Skred (in Skredbugten) Skreia Skruis (in Skruisodden) Skrugar (in Skrugarodden) Skreeling (in Skreelingodden, Skrae- linggen) Smorgraut (in Smergrautberget) Spek (in Speekodden, Speekkassen) Stenkul (in Stenkulsfjorden) Small icebergs or floes heaped-up by screwing (“skrukoss’’). Look-out Land’s End Good Friday (in Langfredags- leiren, Langfredagsbugten) Clay (in Lerbugten), a bay in which there is much clay Farewell (in Kap Levvel) Seagull Rock May (in Maiodden) Dinner (in Middagskollen, Mid- dagsodden) Moss (in Mosviken) Musk (in Moskusfjorden, Mo- skusleiren) Muck Fjord Ox (in Oksebaasen) Easter (in Paaskelandet) Bearings Island Rest Point, a point where a rest was taken Reindeer (in Renbugten, Ren- dalen, Reusfjorden) Haycock (in Saatebreeen) The promontory (the Scaw) Maundy Thursday (in Skjer- torsdagskappet) Avalanche (in Skredbugten) A place where avalanches fall Pack-ice (in Skruisodden) Ice barrier (in Skrugarodden) American aborigines (in Skre- lingodden, Skreelinggen) Boiled cornflour (in Smergraut- berget. Blubber (in Spzkodden, Spek- kassen) Coal (in Stenkulsfjorden) 1898—1902. No. 5.) ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 139 Strom (in Stromodden) Svarteveg Sosterbreeerne Tommen Trold (in Troldfjorden, Troldbotn) Tverdal Tvillingbreeerne Ulv (in Ulvedalen, Ulvefjorden) Uveirsleiren Vakkerkap Varg (in Vargdalen) Vendom (in Vendomkap, Vendom- fjorden) Current, stream (in Stromodden) Black wall The sister glaciers The thumb Troll (in Troldfjorden, Troldbotn) Cross valley The twin glaciers Wolf (in Ulvedalen, Ulvefjorden) Slorm camp Pretty cape Wolf (in Vargdalen) Turn back (in Vendomkap, Vend- omfjorden) 140 GUNN. ISACHSEN. that country. Aafjord Aaklungen Aurlandsfjord Balsfjord Beitstadfjord Bergholmen Blaafjeld Blaamanden Bukkenfjord Bundefjord Digermulen Eidsbotn Eidsfjord Fugleo Grytebogen Gunnarsholmen Haagen Haraldshaugen Heksefjeld Holmenkollen Hovedgen Husviken Kringsjaa Lerdalen Lifjord Lysefjord Meheia Mosviken The following names occur also in Norway, and are taken from Nesodden Nordstrand Noresund Nerofjord Ringardholmen Rodbergbugten Sandhogda Sandspollen Sandbugten Sanddola Skaarefjord Skogn Skreia Slutvarden Sparbo Statt Stenkjeer Strandefjord Storeen Styggebreen Sorfjord Troldtjord Troldbotn Vestfjord Viksfjord Yttergen @Miangen Orlandet [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM 1898 — 1902. No.5.) ASTRON. AND GEODET. OBSERVATIONS. 141 a ERRATA. Page 28, June 25, obs. 2, instead of W. 29™, @ 8, read 22™ and 38. — — June 30, a. m., Bar., instead of 746.6, read 764.6. — 29, May 5, ©, obs. 1, instead of 30’, read 20’. — 30, July 5, p. m., Watch, obs. 2, instead of 20s, read 38s, — 83, April 19, Locality, Supp. long., instead of 91°39’, read 90°45’. — 34, instead of April 27, read April 29, p. m. — 37, May 11, p. m., Locality, instead of Moskuskamp, read Moskusleir, — 38, May 28, @, last obs., instead of 127°, read 123°. — 40, May 10, Locality, instead of Lands, read Land’s — 48, May 5, last line, Deviation ete., add about 25°. — 50, June 17, obs. 6, instead Cape on West --, read Cape in west. — — June 19, obs. 5, instead of Red Cone, read land at Cone Island. — 57, April 13, p. m., last obs., instead of 32m 935.5, read 34m 41 3, — — April 14, W., obs. 2, instead 3m 428, read 0h3m 42s, — 58, May 2, W., last obs., instead of 1035s, read 1h0m 355. — 61, Date, instead of 1900, read 1901. ; — — May 24, p. m., Level, obs. 5, instead of 1.5, read 5.0. — 62, May 30, p. m, ©, last obs., instead of 296°, read 295°. — 68, Date, instead of 1900, read 1901. — — July 15, a. m, W,, obs. 2, instead of 36™, read 33™, — 64, July 16, p. m., Level, obs. 2, instead of 4.7, read 3.2, — 65, July 17, ©, obs. 5, instead of 24.5, read 34.5. — 1, April 25, ©, obs. 2, instead of 2 5°, read 245°. — 16, May 28, p. m.,, last obs., instead of “Midtoie”, read “Midtoia” (Midtoen). — 77, April 25, p. m., Q, obs. 5, instead of 143°, read 142°. — — April 30, Noon, Q, obs. 2, instead of 980°, read 279°. — 80, June 5, Noon, obs. 6, instead of 288°, read 985°. — — June 13, a. m.,, Observations and Locality, instead of Lands, read Land's. — 83, July 17, p. m., obs. 1, instead of 23', read 25’. — — ‘July 21, p.m, W., obs. 1, instead of 11, read 104, — 84, — — obs. 11, instead of 33’, read 38’. — — July 29, a. m, W., obs. 1, instead of 538, read 598, __ 86, August 3, p. m., obs. 7, instead of 30’, read 13/.5. — 87, May 28, p. m,, last obs., instead of 258°, read 358°. — 88, May 28, last obs., instead of 37°, read 74°. — May 31, last obs., instead of Tan. on, read Tan. fjord on. — 89, July 29, a. m., obs. 5, instead of 19°, read 89°. — 91, Sept. 15, obs. 3, instead of 52’, read 42', — 97, May 31, Bar., instead of 656.0, read 756.0. — — June 1, p. m., W,, obs. 2, instead of 63.5, read 163.5. — 107, May 10, a. m., @, obs. 2, instead of 4’, read 14. — 111, June 1, p. m., W., obs. 2, instead of 65%, read 165.5. — 112, June 8, a. m,, last obs. but one, instead of Litle, read Little. Printed 28, february 1907. Rep. of the 2nd Norw. Are, Exp. in the Fram 1898—1902. No. ! Opomeren. Puate I. Tue Rep. of the 2nd Norw. Arc. Exp. in the Fram 1898—1902. No.5. Puare IL, 4OUPLING. C Tue cn co cc Pur n REPORT OF THE SECOND NORWEGIAN ARCTIC EXPEDITION IN THE “FRAM” 1898-1902. No. 6. AKSEL S. STEEN Ul TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM AT THE EXPENSE OF THE FRIDTJOF NANSEN FUND FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE PUBLISHED BY VIDENSKABS-SELSKABETIKRISTIANIA KRISTIANTA PRINTED BY A. W. BROGGER 1907 D TABLE OF CONTENTS. Page Ax Introductione . 2 «is aoe a Qt a eG Bw Aa oa We Re 1 B. Declination. ........... gS) eee ae! le gle he win HE Sg a Neve 7 DN NCCES eho ssp sei see GER UR, ak RE a Ss SG GE A. a a 7 BUILT: Cin, sie 5) Ge a va tee Be Gee es oe Se eA Oe Se WP es A 8 The Observalious 2. 6 oe ew ee Re ew we mag we 8D G.. ‘Horizontal Intensity: a 2%.a-2. wee a le Ow 7 Determination of the Constants... 1... 1. ee ee ee oa ak ae 8 Determination of the Temperature Coefficient. .......... 2% Determination of the Constants Cand yw... .. 1... ee eee 29 The Temperature of the Magnets... 1... 2 ee ee ee . 34 The Observations: @ 4) sp ee a Sw Sa a a we 36 Observations of Deflection... ....4.. eae i eee ee 36 Observations of Vibration. . 2... ee ee 50 Summary of the Results. 2... 0. ee ee 63 D.. Inclination. 3 <¢<% «is 8 6 ww YS ae ww ee Se 4 69 EWG IN ACHET TV OR. ise Ch ee gh RS ae Rae ee pa ke 70 The Observations ie iS we a a ee GS MG a OSS 72 E. General Results A. INTRODUCTION. Pi regions in which the 2nd Norwegian Polar Expedition under the command of Captain Otro Sverprup in the Fram, passed the four years from the autumn of 1898 to the autumn of 1902, are, magnetically considered, among the most interesting portions of the earth’s surface, as they are not far from the magnetic north pole. It is therefore greatly to be deplored that the Expedition’s magnetic outfit had to be limited, on economic grounds, to the smallest possible amount, and that more- over no special attention could be paid in the outfit to the peculiar magnetic conditions under which the Expedition was compelled, as it subsequently proved, to labour. It will be remembered that it was Captain SverpRvue’s original plan to endeavour to make his way round the north of Greenland, and finally return along its east coast. With this plan in view, the Expedition received the same set of magnetic instruments that had previously been employed by Captain Scorr-Hansen on the famous 1st Fram Expedition, 1893—1896, under the command of Dr. Frintsor Nansen. There was reason to suppose at the time that the instruments that were specially con- structed for the Nansen Expedition, might also, with advantage be em- ployed on the 2nd Fram Expedition, which, it might be assumed, would make its observations at a sufficient distance from the magnetic pole to keep the numerical values of the terrestrial magnetic elements from differing greatly from the results found by Scorr-Hansen. Sverprup, however, as we know, was forced to abandon his ori- ginal plan, and instead of going farther northwards after the first winter in Rice Strait, was obliged to take up his winter quarters in a more 1 2 AKSEL S. STEEN. [2nD ARC. EXP. FRAM southerly latitude in Havne Fjord and Gaase Fjord, whence geographical investigations of the hitherto unknown surrounding districts were made. It was in these winter quarters that the magnetic observations were made, and it was soon apparent that the terrestrial-magnetic con- ditions there were of such a nature that it was only with the greatest difficulty that the instruments brought could be employed to obtain obser- vation results that were at all usable. There is one circumstance too, that must here be taken into con- sideration. When the 2nd Fram Expedition left Christiania in June, 1898, the working-up of the magnetic observations brought back from the Nansen Expedition was begun, but not nearly completed, this not being done until December, 1900. The experience gained in this work as to the most practical employment of the instruments, and the supple- menting that was desirable, was therefore of no avail to the Sverdrup Expedition, a circumstance which is all the more to be regretted since one decided lesson it taught was that an Expedition to the polar regions cannot content itself with a Fox circle for determining inclination, but must in addition in every case have a reliable inclinatorium, with nee- dles for remagnetisation, and if possible an earth inductor also. It was therefore anything but an easy task that devolved upon the Qnd Fram Expedition’s second in command, formerly lieutenant, now captain in the navy, V. Baumann, and the chartographer of the Expe- dition, formerly lieutenant, now cavalry captain, G. Isacasen. These two gentlemen had made in Wilhelmshaven, in 1898, a series of deter- minations of the three magnetic elements with the universal magneto- meter constructed for the first Fram Expedition by Geheimerat von NEv- MAYER and E, A. Zscuau, the mechanician of the Deutsche Seewarte. They shared the work of magnetic observation during the first two years, while during the last two Captain Baumann undertook it alone, Captain IsacHsen being engaged in geographical work. Various circumstances, especially the frequent sledge-journeys for the discovery and charting of new land, as also the numerous practical occupations on board, combined to prevent the collection of such co- pious magnetic observations as might have been desired; while at the same time the above-mentioned difficulties arising from the imperfect capabihties of the instruments under the existing terrestrial-magnetic conditions, must have raised doubts as to the utility of the results ob- tained, and thus have weakened to some extent the interest in a con- tinued repetition of the troublesome work of observation. 1898— 1902. No. 6.] TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 3 Strenuous efforts were made, however, to overcome the difficulties. I may mention, for instance, that in the summer of the last year, 1902, a new brass rod intended for the deflection-observations was made on board, the one belonging to the apparatus having proved to be too short, as even the weakest deflector introduced at the greatest distance turned the needle 90°. With the new deflection-rod it was possible to place each deflector at two distances, with a reasonable angle of deflection in all four combinations. The previously-mentioned magnetic apparatus E. A. Zschau, No. 289, also used on this Expedition, was described by me in my working-up of the observations from the first Fram Expedition. It is a combina- tion of the well-known Neumayer declinatorium and a Fox circle, to which is added a vibration-box with suspension tube. On each side of the alhidade belonging to the horizontal circle of the declinatorium, a brass rod can be affixed for the application of the vibrating magnet as deflector. The horizontal circle is furnished with two verniers, which give a direct reading of 0.5’. Increasing figures in the reading answer to increasing east declination. The constants of the apparatus were determined in Hamburg in June, 1893, by Geheimerat Neumayer and Captain Scorr-Hansen in con- junction, and six months after the return of the first Fram expedition, in March, 1897, at Wilhelmshaven by E. Sriécx, assistant at the Marine Observatory there, the result of his observations showing that on the whole the constants had remained unchanged throughout the first Fram Expedition. The observations made by Captain Baumann and Captain Isacusen at Wilhelmshaven in April, 1898, which were sub- sequently calculated by Sriicx, were in such harmony with the results previously found, that it may be assumed that the constants of the in- struments at the time of the departure of the 2nd Fram Expedition, were the same as at the time of the return of the first. At the end of November, 1902, three months after the Sverdrup Expedition had come back to Christiania, Captain Roatp AMuNDsEN who was then engaged in fitting out his expedition with the “Gjaa” to the regions about the magnetic north pole, obtained the loan of the Fram’s magnetic instruments, and took them to Potsdam, where, with the kind assistance of Professor Ap. Scumrpt, the director of the magnetic obser- 1 The Norwegian North Polar Expedition, 1893—1896. Scientific results. Edited by Fridtjof Nansen. Vol. Il, Mem. VII. Terrestrial Magnetism. By Aksel S. Steen, pp. 2—6. In the following pages, this paper will be referred to as “Nansen Exped. T. M.” 4 AKSEL S. STEEN. [QnD ARC. EXP. FRAM vatory there, and Professor J. Enter, his assistant (who died in 1905), he made a number of observations which showed that the deflectors of the Zschau apparatus had unfortunately had their magnetic moment considerably weakened. I shall explain this more fully in a later section of this paper. For the temperature readings in the magnetic observations of the Expedition, the thermometers belonging to the magnetic apparatus were always used. Their corrections cannot be seen to have been especially determined, and must therefore be considered as included in the con- stants of the instruments. The Expedition took with them various chronometers, and of these the box-chronometer Frodsham was used for vibration observations, and the box-chronometer Kutter served as standard clock. The other watches were compared almost daily with the latter, and a journal kept. When the astronomical observations had been reduced and calculated after the return of the Expedition, I obtained a statement of the chronometer Kutter’s error on Greenwich mean time for, in all, 24 different days during the time from the 4th May, 1899, to the 20th July, 1902. I have also obtained a statement of the final values of latitude and longi- tude for the four winter havens, where the magnetic observations were made. By the aid of this material, together with the chronometer journal, I have been enabled to calculate the error on local time and the daily rate (during the vibration-observations) of the watch employed in each separate case in the magnetic observations. The hours men- tioned in this paper are thus all local time. As mentioned above, magnetic observations were only made in the four winter havens, and always on land. The four stations were as follows: Station I Rice Strait. go = 78 46,4 = 74°57' W. A series of observations was made here on the south side of the haven, between the 25th November and the 2nd De- cember, 1898, and between the 27th and the 30th May, 1899. Station La. From the 5th to the 9th June, 1899, observations of declination and horizontal intensity were made on the north side of the haven. Station I b. The distance between the two points of observation was about 450 or 500 metres. A snow hut was erected at Station Ia, in which to make the observations. In the centre of it was placed 1898—1902. No. 6.] TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 5 Station IL. Station IIL. Station IV. a pedestal of ice, upon which, frozen firmly to it, lay a slab of stone, the instrument being placed upon this. When spring arrived, the roof of the hut was removed. At Station Ib the observations were made under the open sky. A large erratic block, that was firmly em- bedded in the ground, was used as a pedestal; and upon this, in the winter time, a lantern was placed to serve as a mark for the sights taken at Station Ia. When the instruments were moved over from the south to the north side, the ice pedestal was removed from Station Ia, and in its place a vertical rod was set up in such a manner as to pass as accurately as possible through the point at which the centre of the instrument had been. This rod served as a mark for Station Ib, where observations were made for the determination of the azimuth of the line of connection. Havne Fjord. y¢ = 76°29, 1=84 4 W. The observations were made on land, under the open sky, at a distance of about 500 metres from the Fram. A large block of stone was used as a stand for the in- struments. The mark was a rod set up vertically in a direction ENE, at a distance of about 500 metres from the place of observation. Between the 26th June and the 8rd July, 1900, a series of determinations of all the three elements was made at this station by Captain Baumann, and between the 20th July and the 3rd August, a new series of ob- servations by Captain Isacusen. Gaase Fjord. gy = 76° 49, 4 = 88° 40’ W. The observations were made on land, under a tent, by Captain Baumann, from the 2nd to the 22nd July, and on the 11th August, 1901, at a point situated at a distance of about 800 metres in a direction S 30°E from the Fram. A large block of stone was used as a stand for the instrument. The mark, a vertical rod, was placed at a distance of 400 metres in a direction E31°N. Gaase Fjord. g = 76° 40’, 4 = 88° 38’ W. The observations were made on land under a tent at a dis- AKSEL S. STEEN. |2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM tance of about 400 or 500 metres from the Fram in an easterly direction, by Captain Baumann, during the period from the 3rd June to the 10th July, 1902. The instru- ments were set up on a large block of limestone. A vertical rod at a distance of about 900 metres in a SSE direction, served as a mark. 1898 — 1902. No. 6.] TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 7 B. DECLINATION. THE NEEDLES. There were two declination needles belonging to the apparatus, one double needle, P, and one rather shorter needle, LZ, to be placed on a pin as in an ordinary Neumayer’s declinatorium. Both needles were fur- nished with a mirror, but only P could be reversed; and it was this needle that was always used for determinations of declination, while the small needle, LZ, was only employed as a deflected magnet in deflection- observations for the determination of horizontal intensity. The position of the double needle was noted as “Skr. op” (heads of the screws up) and “Skr. ned” (heads of the screws down), and these two positions will be indicated in the following pages respectively by the signs P, and P.,, The needle’s total error of collimation (mirror and magnetic axis) was + 30.1’ during the first Fram Expedition, so that the correction — 30.1" was applied to the readings in the position P,, which gave too large an easterly declination, and + 30.1’ in the position P,, which gave too small an easterly declination. The following values for the error of collimation were obtained from the first determinations of declination at Station Ia, during the last few days of November, 1898: 1898. November 25, + 94.7 — 98, + 31.1’ Mean + 97.9’, which shows, when we consider that the observations on the 28th Novem- ber were made under particularly quiet magnetic conditions, that at the starting of the Expedition, the needle had practically the same error of collimation as before. After the return of the Expedition, a series of constant determina- tions were made with the apparatus, as stated in the introduction, at Potsdam by Roatp Amunpsen. The value for the error of collimation given by the determination of declination made there, simultaneously with readings of the declination variometer, was: — 8 AKSEL S. STEEN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM 1902. November 28, + 4.3’ | == 99, + 4.6 December 2, + 9.6 = 3; + 49 Mean o re 4.1’ According to this there is every reason to suppose that the position of the mirror in relation to the axis of the magnetic needle has shifted somewhat during the Expedition; but as, owing to the always unsettled magnetic conditions, the observations afford no opportunity for investi- gation as to when such a displacement may have taken place, it has been impossible for me to make a calculation of the absolute declination answering to each separate position of the needle. Nor is this necessary, as fortunately in each determination of declina- tion, the same number of settings of the needle was made in each of the two positions, P, and P,, thus eliminating the error of collimation. THE AZIMUTH. The determination of the azimuth of the mark, a, was made by Captain Baumann at all four stations by the aid of solar observations, with the following result, a being reckoned positive from the south point through west: a Station Ib. 1899. June 1, — 8° 98.5’ ae, OQ) 98.0 a 98.7 Mean — 8° 98.4! Station II. 1900. June 26, — 121°55.4’ =» 97, 56.8 Mean — 121°56.1’ Station IT. 1901. July 11, — 124° 15.1’ — 13, 13.5 Mean — 121° 14.3’ Station IV. 1902. June 2, — 18° 51.9’ — 4, 53.0 Mean — 18°52.5' 1898 — 1902. No. 6.] TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 9 THE OBSERVATIONS. When the apparatus had been duly levelled, a sight at the mark was first made, with the subsequent reading of both verniers of the horizontal circle. The double needle was then placed upon the pin, and the alhidade so turned as to bring the wire of the telescope into coinci- dence with its reflected image in the mirror of the double needle, while the ivory disc was kept rubbing on the projecting peg fixed for that purpose upon the lid of the magnet-box. The moment of coincidence was noted by the observation watch, and then both the verniers of the horizontal circle were read. The setting of the needle was invariably attended with great difficulty: the needle always oscillated backwards and forwards, more or less regularly, often in jerks. After a varying number of readings with the needle in both the positions, P, and P,, the observation concluded with a fresh sight at the mark, and reading. If the reading of the position of the needle in the magnetic meri- dian be called M, the mean of the readings of the sights at the mark before and after, m, and the azimuth of the mark, reckoned from the south point through west, a, we obtain, as the value for the easterly declination, D: D=M—m-+a. The following list contains all the determinations of declination made during the Expedition, in chronological order, with the addition of the hour in local time to the nearest minute for each setting of the needle. In some cases, in deflection observations, when the double needle was used for the determination of the horizontal intensity as a deflected magnet in both positions, P, and P,, I have given the mean of the readings belonging to the four positions of the deflector as the meridian reading. Every such case is indicated by a record of the deflector used, Vor VI, under the heading “Needle”, beside the position of the double needle, P, or Bo 10 “AKSEL S. STEEN. [2nb ARC. EXP. FRAM OBSERVATIONS OF DECLINATION. Station la, Rice Strait. a = 171° 31'6. 1898. November 25. Obs. Baumann. Mark 15° 50‘.0 ; a—m = 155° 53'.8 LT. Needle M i LT: D h m ar; h m Ce) 3 42pm P; 102 44.0 3 49 p.m. 258 18.1 55 Py 4.5 4 2 27.3 59 P, 57-5 | 19 13.2 4 6 P, 9-5 | 4 3p.m. 258 19.5 15 P; 49.8 eRe 22 Py IOI 49.0 | Mark 15° 25'.6 1898. November 28. Obs. Baumann. Mark 24° 20/.5 a—m = 147° 1'.8 1 rs Needle M | ESI D hom or cf hain ae 4 15 p.m. P; III 44.8 4 28 p.m 258 15.4 22 B: 44.0 5 4 16.2 SF P, PLO 435 4 46 p.m. 258 15.8 42 P, 42.3 ase rare 52 P, IIL 46.5 58 P, 45:3 5 8 PR, IIO 42.5 17 P, 43-5 Mark 24° 29.8 1898. November 30. Obs. Baumann. Mark 105° 13'.3 a—m = 66° 17'.6 LT. Needle iM saad D hom au hom Se af 5 14 p.m. PB; 192 4.5 5 29 p.m. 258 29.0 22 P, 8.5 57 28.5 37 P, TLsO 5 43 p.m. 258 28.8 43 P, 21.5 a _ 48 si 9.0 33 P, 9.0 6 0 Py 12.5 6 By 13.0 1898 — 1902. No. 6.] TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 11 1898. December 1. % Mark 105° 3'.4 i Bed ky Needle M hm Poa 3 50 p.m. P; TQI 13.2 56 ee 11.0 4 0 Py 3.0 Py 21.0 14 P, 2.5% 20 P, 0.3! 33 Py 19.8! 44 P, 30.21 Mark 105° 4/.8, 1898. December 2. Mark 76° 29.0 ESTs Needle M hm ea Io 40 a.m. EB, 163 7.5 46 P; 4.0 57 Py 162 53.5 II I P; 52.7 9 P, 163, 19.0 18 P, g.o! 29 Ps 162 57.0 33 Ps 163 4.0 Mark 76° 31'.0 1899. May 27. Mark 9° 53/0 L. T. Needle M h al Oo ¥ II 24 a.m. P, 95 57-8 30 P, 54.8 35 P, 96 2.5 38 P, 95 51.0 41 P, 58.5 48 P, 49.0 51 P, 59-3 55 Py 48.3 Mark 9° 531.5 1 The needle much disturbed. Obs. Baumann. a—i1 = 66° 27'.4 1 ae D h m oo. 3 58 p.m. 257 39-5 4 28 40.6 4 13 p.m. 257 40.1 Obs. Baumann. a—m=95° 1'.6 ET. D hm or Io 51 a.m. 258 1.0 it, 28 8.8 Il Jam 258 4.9 Obs. Baumann. a—m = 161° 38'.3 1 re be D h m o Il 27 a m 257 34.6 37 35-1 44 32.1 53 32.1 II 40 am 167 33-5 12 AKSEL S. STEEN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM 1899. May 29. Obs. Baumann. Mark 11° 14/5 a—m = 160° 16'.6 Lt. Needle M Lr. D h m o or h m o or 935 am PR, 98 16.5 9 40 a.m. 258 19.2 37 P, 13.5 56 17.4 43 P, 97 52.5 9 48 a.m. 258 18.3 47 P, 47-7 —_——_. 51 P, 98 14.5 53 P, 16.3 58 Py. 97 44.0 10 0 Py 48.5 Mark 11° 15/4 Mark 11° 14'.5 a—m = 160° 17'.8 hm aoe hm o or 5 57 p.m. P, 98 3.5 6 II p.m. 258 19.8 59 Be 4.0 39 25.2 6 ‘ ae P, 97 575 6 25 p.m. 258 22.5 29 P, 98 3.0 32 P, 14.0 35 P, 12.5 42 P, 2.7 45 P, 0.5 Mark 11° 13'.1 1899. May 30. Obs. Baumann. Mark 11° 40/.8 a—m = 159° 49'.7 LT. Needle M Lets D hm ots, hm o oF 9 42 am. He 98 27.0 9 54 a.m. 258 15.4 50 Py 27.0 © 54 p.m. 257 28.0 Io oO Fy 27.0 : P, er Il 24 a.m. 257 51.7 oO 52 p.m. P, 97 42.0 56 P, 34-5 1898 — 1902. No. 6.] TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. Mark Mark Mark Mark Mark Mark 1899. June 5. Station I b. a = 351° 31'.6. 163° 181.3 Needle M os P, 67 51.5 EB, 68 4.0 P, 67 54.0 P, 68 9.0 Pi 67 28.5 Py 56.0 P, 59.0 P, 36.0 163° 18'.3 1899. June 8. 112° 28'.0 Needle M fo} ' P; 19 1639 Pe 16 49.5 P, 17 6.2 P, 16 48.0 P; 16 8.0 Py 8.5 P, 22.0 P; 20.0 112° 281.4 1899. June 9. 177° 54/0 Needle M fe) | P; 82 10.0 P, L5 By, 9.0 Ps Re) P, 81 48.2 EB 44.0 P, 46.0 P, 53-5 177° 53-5 Obs. Baumann. a—m = 188° 13'.3 L. T. D hm o oF 9 II am. 256 II.o ag 14.8 o 12 p.m. 255 55.6 22 256 0.8 256 5.6 Obs. Baumann. a—m = 239° 3'.4 eT. D hm Ce 9 12 a.m. 256 1.5 22 0.5 °o 55 p.m. 255 I1.7 I5 24.4 Obs. Baumann. a—m = 173° 37'.8 4 Oe bs D hm O° 8 10 5 a.m. 255 43.6 2r 45-7 o II p.m. 23-9 21 27.6 255 35-2 14 AKSEL S. STEEN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Station II. Havne Fjord. a = 238° 3/.9. 1900. June 26. Obs. Baumann. Mark 233° 25/.3 a—m= 4° 40/3 L. T. Needle M Eat: D h m ° , hm u ° ’ A 30 Pi. Tk P, 239 2.8 4 56 p.m. 243 42.7 50 P, 4.8 5 25 51.5 5 Py 238 55-7 5 11 p.m. 243 47-1 12 By 239 6.3 eit acento 16 Pe I.0 20 P; 2.8 27 P, 19.3 36 vat 21.5 Mark 233° 21'.9 1900. June 27. Obs. Baumann. Mark 234° 55'.7 a—in = 3° 7'.6 LT. Needle D Le Ts D h m ona e h om ee) 9 30 am. P; 240 17.5 9 34 a.m. 243 35.0 37 P, 37-3 46 26.5 43 Py 8.3 10 0 27.0 48 P, 29.5, 19 13.2 54 Ps 11.0 a.m. of 10 7 le 27.8 eae ii es ae 14 P, 3-3 24 I, 8.0 Mark 234° 56'.9 1g00. July 2. Obs. Baumann. Mark 175° 24'.0 a—im = 62° 38'.6 | ee ie Needle M Leds D hm oo. hm = @ IO 37 a.m. P; 179 42.8 Io 45 a.m. 242 18.8 52 Ps 37-5 Ir 2 13-9 59 P, 34-5 16 13.3 CTS P, 36.0 29 9.8 12 P, 34.0 ir 8 am. 242 13. 19 P, 35-5 ; 2 23 Py 35.8 35 P, 26.5 hom on La hm Bee 256 p.m P, 180 42.5 2 59 p.m. 243 23.2 2 Po 47.0 y 2 Bre 6 P, 43-5 0 P; 41.5 ae kal eer hm oo; h m o or 3 42 p.m Ee; 181 7.0 3 46 p.m 243 45.6 49 P, 7.0 58 33-1 54 i 25 3.52 p.m 4 2 Py 180 46.5 pa re ad ee Mark 175° 26/.5 1898—1902. No. 6.] TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 15 1900. July 20. Mark 175° 17'.5 L. T. Needle M h m o 7 Io 38 a.m. B; I79 55.0 43 P, 22.0 48 P, 180 3.5 55 P, 179 55.0 59 P; 180 50.5 Il 3 P, 182 13.2 Io Fy 179 41.5 16 Py 180 50.0 31 P, 180 16.0 35 P, 44.5 45 P, 181 20.0 50° P, 179 49.0 56 P, 180 58.0 Noon P; 59.5 o 6 p.m. f, 181 36.0 14 P, 180 33.0 Mark 175° 197'.5 Mark 54° 45'.0 h om o 7 4 49 p.m. Py 60 24.5 56 P, 9.5 5 0 Py, 59 47-5 3 P; 60 21.0 Mark 54° 45/.0 1900. July 23. Mark 114°9'.0 L. T. Needle M h m oO , 9 29 a.m. P, I1g 16.0 32 P, 15.0 37 P, 43-0 41 P, 31-5 45 P, 28.5 48 P, 31.5 52 P; 47:5 56 P, 47-7 Mark 114°9/.0 1900. July 25. Mark 55° 12'.0 Let: Needle _M hom o ou 3 42 p.m. P; 60 38.0 45 Ry 61 13.5 47 P, 5.0 49 Fy 3-0 53 P, 60 42.0 55 P; 61 16.0 57 P, 32.0 59 P, 25.0 Mark 55° 12'.0 Obs. Isachsen. a—m = 62° 46'.4 LT: D h m o or Io 46 a.m. 242 35.3 Ir 7 243 40.3 Io 57 a.m. 243 7.8 h m o 7 If 40 am. 243 18.8 o 4 p.m. 48.0 II 52 a.m. a—m = 183° 18'.9 hom ° , 4 57 pm. 243 29.5 243 33-4 Obs. Isachsen. a—m = 123° 54'.9 5 aa ies D h m o or O35 Bs Mx 243 21.3 50 33-7 9 43 a.m. Obs. Isachsen. a—m = 182° 51'.9 243 27.5 L. T. D h m o ov 3 46 p.m. 243 51.8 56 244 5.6 3 51 p.m. 243 58.7 h m Mark Mark Mark Mark 3 21 p.m. Mark AKSEL S. STEEN. tg00. July 26. 174° 9.0 Needle M P, I 19 42.0 P, 37-5 P, 20.5 Bs 31.5 Bs 31.5 P, 34-5 P, 39-5 P, 38.5 P, 118 20.5 Po 27.0 P, 44:5 P, 45:5 114° 9/.0 goo. July 27. 55° 23'.5 Needle M °o , P, 59 46.5 P, 50.0 Py 58.0 Py 56.0 P, 46.5 P, 49-5 P, 34:5 Rs 19.8 55° 23°65 174° 39'.0 Ps 180 5 PB; 14.5 P, 375 P, 41.0 Py 443 P, 44.3 P; 179 30.5 Py 48.0 E's 16.0 P, 14.0 P; 16.0 Te 24.5 P, 39.5 Py 14.8 P, 34.3 P, 37:3 174° 39.0 [2ND. ARC. EXP. FRAM Obs. Isachsen. a—im = 123° 54/.9 Lo Te D hm oe 8 48 a.m. 243 27.8 9 4 30.9 8 56 a.m. 243 20.4 hm On. 2 I 20 p.m 242 20.3 Obs. Isachsen. a—m = 182° 40'.4 p Bre ke D h m ° ’ II 44 a.m. 242 33.0 Noon 18.0 II 52 a.m. 242 25.5 a—in = 63° 24.9 hom Oy 3 33 p.m. 243 48.5 59 36.7 4 35 242 42.5 oS 56.4 4 18 p.m. 243 16.0 1898—1902. No. 6.] TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 1900. July 31. Obs. Isachsen. Mark 174° 21'.0 a—in = 63° 42'.9 4 Ora Needle M ct: D hm ee hm o ou; 2 31 p.m. P, I79 40.5 240 p.m 242 51.1 33 P, 38.5 3 1 43-3 = 5S, a ae 250 p.m 242 47.2 55 P, 48.5, 3.0 P, 53-5 3 P, 179 10.5 7 Py 9.0 Mark 174° 21'.0 tg00. August t. Obs. Isachsen. Mark 174° 23/.5 a—m = 63° 40.4 L. T Needle M LT. D hm 1. - 6 hm i 9 23 a.m. By 178 30.5 9 41 am. 242 25.5 33 P, 40.0 Io 17 ‘ 8.7 st Es 54-9 9 59 a.m. 242 17.1 57 P, 56.0 —— —— 10 7 P, 13.0 10 P, 8.8 19 Py 33.0 | 34 P, 58.5 Mark 174° 23/.5 1900. August 2. Obs. Isachsen. Mark 175° 10'.0 a—im = 62° 53/.9 1 Pa Le Needle M Lik D hm or i h m oes 9 I2 a.m. Py 180 19:5 9 18 a.m. 243 16.9 17 ; P, 37:5 43 27-4 Zo Ps , 18-5 9 30 a.m. 243 22.2 24 Ee 18.5 —_—_——_—_ ——_ 35 P, 42.0 40 P, 42.0 46 P, 29.5 50 P, 20.5 Mark 175° 10'.0 18 AKSEL S. STEEN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM 1900. August 3. Obs. Isachsen. Mark 175° 4'.0 a—m = 62° 59.9 Lt: Needle M Le Ts D hm Ore cis h m Gi, 7 9 8am. Te 180 57.3 9 17 a.m. 243 45.3 12 I, 51.3 Tl 47 21.6 22 LP, 38.5 4 21 p.m. 16.2 27 P, 34.3 52 10.5 Il 44 f,.VI 180 23.3 : oe Er —_ as 50 BeeVl 20.1 4 15 p.m. Be 180 9.5 18 P; 13.5 24 P, 18.0 28 P, 24.0 4 52 PP, VI 180 11.1 52 Pe 3VE 10.1 Mark 175° 4'.0 Station HI. Gaase Fjord. a = 238° 45/.7. igor. July 2. Obs. Baumann. Mark 75° 11'.8 a—im = 163° 33'.9 ye be Needle M LT, D hm Oe # ho m=. oo; 4 54 p.m. P; 67 30.0 4 58 p.m. 230 48.2 5 2 Ds 66 58.5 5 II 51.9 6 P, 67 33-5 38 23r 3.5 16 x 2.5 20 P, 38.3 Rese Ua a ges 38 Pp, 41.7 45 P, 12.5 50 P, 26.0 Mark 75° 11'.8 tgo1. July 4. Obs. Baumann. Mark 75° 44'5 a—m = 163° 11.4 Let Needle M iLacT D hm ° , hm ° ' Io 46 a.m. P, 68 3.0 Io 54 a.m. 230 45.6 50 Er 67 55.8 Ir 18 43.9 58 P, 29.5 46 18.5 Il 2 P; 28.5 O IT p.m 229 56.0 7 P, 68 17.5 Il 32 a.m. 230 26.0 Lo P, 175 —_——_ 24 Ps 67 3.0 30 P, 12.0 38 P, 52.8 43 P, 44.5 47 P, 66 55-5 56 P, 35-5 © 3pm P, 67 14.5 7 PB 9.7 $ 14 Fe 66 30.5 21 £, 43.8 Mark 75° 44/.0 1898 — 1902. No. 6.] TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. Igor. July to. Mark 66° 28'.5 Lon Needle M hm eo © 37 p.m. P, 57 18.0 43 P, 56 39.0 5° P, 56.5 56 P, 22.0 3 12 p.m. oes 58 3.0 17 P, 43.5 27 LP, 52.0! 35 P, 59 3.0! Mark 66° 28'.0 tgor. July rz. Mark 76° 23'.0 LT Needle M hm eee 9 8pm. f, 68 8.5 16 P, 67 51.0 21 PP; 68 26.0 28 P, 6.0 2 19 p.m. os 68 20.5 23 LP, I.0 29 a 19.0 34 , -e 67 50.5 Mark 76° 22'0 tgor. July 12. Mark 75° 34.5 L.T, Needle M hm e. 4 II 47 a.m. B} 65 51.0 . 53 Ey 13.5 58 P, 66 63 o 12 p.m P, 66 56.07 I 49 p.m Py 66 42.0 53 f, 55:5 59 P, 67 22.5 2 4 P, 66 51.5 Mark 75° 34's 1 The needle much disturbed. 2 The needle disturbed. Obs. Baumann. a—m = 172° 17'.4 LV. D h m ae o 40 p.m. 229 15.9 53 228 56.7 ° 47 p.m. 229 6.3 hm ar 3 15 p.m. 230 40.7 at 231 14.9 3 23 p.m 230 57.8 Obs. Baumann. a—il = 162° 23/2 Led. D hm e- 5 o12p.m 230 23.0 24 39.2 o 18 p.m B50 BUT hom oe 2 21 p.m 230 34.0 31 28.0 2 26 p.m. 230 31.0 Obs. Baumann. a—m = 163° 11/2 1 ea D hm 0 FI 50 a.m. 228 43.5 o 5pm. 229 12.3 Ir 58 a.m. 228 57.9 h m ae I 51 p.m. 230 0.0 @ f 18.2 I 56 p.m. 230 9.1 20 AKSEL S. STEEN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Toor. July 15. Obs, Baumann. Mark 75° 24'.8 "ain = 163° 20.9 eB Be Needle M : as i D hm 6v5 i hom o 7 I0 9 a.m. I, 67 12.0 Io 16 a.m. 230 46.7 13 P, 22.0 34 56.4 19 P 38.7 1I 31 44.0 24 ve 30.5 58 229 37.8 mes P, aay II 5am. 230 31.2 32 RF 27.0 peares Sse 36 P, 48.0 41 P, 44.8 II 24 PB; 28.5 28 P, 24.5 2 3I RP: 15.5 40 BP; 24.0 53 By 66 20.5! 56 P, 20.5 59 P, 22.0 o 6 p.m. P, 4.5 Mark 75° 24'.8 1g01. July 20. Obs. Baumann. Mark 66°5/.3 a—m = 172° 40.4 | as Needle M L. T. D hm Oo oF hm o 7 3 7)p-m. P, 58 2.0 3 13 p.m. 230 46.6 Io PB 7-2 29 23I 4.4 15 P, 3-3 56 22.3 19 P, 12.3 4 16 30.6 23 F, 29.0 ey P, ae 3 44 p.m. 231 II.o 31 P, 21.0 37 % 16.0 51 P, 36.8 54 Ey 41.0 58 Py 42.3 4 1 P, 47-5 8 P, 40.0 13 -, 42.5 18 P, 57.8 27 P, 59 0.5 Mark 66°5'.3 1 The needle disturbed. 1898— 1902. No. 6.] TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 21 Station IV, Gaase Fjord. a= 341° 7/5. Igo02. June 3. Obs. Baumann. Mark 144° 40'.0 a—im = 196° 26'.5 LT: Needle M ak D hom ks i h m , 3 27 p.m. P, 35 42.2 3 30 p.m. 232 5.6 33 Ls 36.0 40 21.8 36 P, 56.8 52 15.8 43 P, 53-8 4 6 21.2 48 P, 55.8 21 29.5 55 42.8 38 20.1 4 2 P, 49.2 52 14.5 9 Py 36 0.2 5 3 9-4 a P, = I5 p.m. 232 17.2 25 P; 35 58.0 eee a 31 f, 53.0 “44 P, 56.2 49 P, 48.0 55 Ty 48.0 59 P, 39-5 5 7 P, 46.3 Mark 144° 42'.0 tg02, June rt. Mark 204° 48'.5 L..T: Needle M L. T. D h m oo; hm oo @ 10 I5 a.m. P, 93 56.8 Io Ig a.m. 230 10.5 24 P, 45-2 II 11 21.1 P,.VI 48.1 57 20.9 a FocKl 94 15.1 o 31 p.m. 229 49.7 52 P, 93 56.8 I 4 230 41.5 i a o Ge 11 48 a.m. 230 16.7 SP, VI 93 32.1 —— pees snceeae eS See \P, VI 28.3 f- 5 Py 04 13.5 7 P, 30.5 Mark 204° 47'.5 Igo2. June 12. Mark 204° 47'.0 L. T. Needle M LT; D hm o or hm oF Io oam. P, 94 15.2 io 3 a.m. 230 34.1 6 P, 12.0 39 27.6 P,.VI 7:4 II 10 231 9.7 39 ee 6.8 45 230 3.1. Ir 6 Py 95 48 o 15 p.m. 229 30.6 14 Py 94 33.8 II 10 am. 230 21.0 P,.VI 93 415 TT 45 eee 43.8 o 13 p.m. P, 6.0 18 P, 14.2 Mark 204° 47'.0 Obs. Baumann. a—m = 136° 19'.5 Obs. Baumann. O a—m = 136° 20'.5 22 AKSEL S. STEEN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM 1902. June 13. Obs. Baumann. Mark 204° 46/.0 a—in = 136° ar'.1 LT, Needle M | ae D hm oor hm o oF 10 27 a.m P; 94 37.0 Io 31 a.m. 230 51.1 35 Py 23.0 II 37 231 1.0 Ppl! 41.7 o I7 p.m. 15.1 eee P,.v 38.1 49 8.3 o I4 p.m. Py 53.0 I 20 0.0 20 ay 55:0 o 7p.m 231 3.1 : Ppa 42.3 —. — e2 Py 52.0 1 18 Py 31.5 22 P, 44.3 Mark 204° 46'.8 1902, June 14. Obs. Baumann. Mark 204° 46'.0 a—m = 136° 21.9 L..T Needle M Le Ds. D h m o or h m o 4 10 3 a.m. Ps 94 25.5 Io 5 am. 230 52.9 7 P, 36.5 43 42.7 42 PWV 20.8 II 27 30.5 44 Py 20.8 o 2p.m. 18.9 Ir 23 P, 93 57-5 34 229 34.9 30 P, 94 19.7 o rpm. PBs 93 58.6 Entene mnlices aa 3 P, 55-4 3a By 10.0 36 BP, 16.0 Mark 204° 45/.2 I902. June 16. Obs. Baumann. Mark 204° 45/.0 a—m = 136° 221.5 | a Needle M LT, D hom ° , h m ° ' Il Iam, P, 94 23.8 II 5 am. 230 45.9 9 P, 23.0 16 54.8 13 Py 33-0 50 - 231 3.4 18 a _ 315 © 40 p.m. 30.8 50 ee : 37-0 I 13 232 10.8 ata 44-9 a1 18.6 Fale 95 7.1 © 40 p.m. P,.V — o 14 p.m. 231 27.4 ano P, 45-5 15 PB 51.0 19 P, 52.5 23 P, 59-7 1898—1902. No. 6.] TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 23 1902. Mark 204° 46'.3 L. T; Needle hm 9 41 am. P, 53 P, To oO P; 8 P, 12 ya 19 P, 24 Py 28 Ps 37 P, 43 P, 49 Py 53 P, 58 P; II 3 P, 12 oot 19 P, Mark 204° 46'.3 1902. Mark 204° 44'.3 L. T. Needle hm ro 48 a.m P, Il 3 Py 9 P, 15 P, P,V 43 P,.V © 27 p.m. EB, 34 P, Ao P, 44 P, P,.VI #2D P, VI 43 P, 49 P, 54 P, 59 P, 2 54 P, 5% P, 3 3 P, 7 P, P, VI ve P, VI 4 1 P, 5 P, 10 P, 14 P, §P,.V a VP, .V 5 10 P, 14 P, 18 P, 22 P, Mark 204° 42'.3 ‘ June 18. Obs. Baumann. a—it = 136° 21/2 M LTs D o h m oo 94 59-5 9 56 am. 231 16.1 57-7 IO 21 8.4 42.5 46 21.6 59-7 tr 8 17.5 95 15 Io 33 a.m. 231 15.9 94 30.7! 45-0 51.5 58.3 57:5 59-3 95 65 94 58.3 95 2.5 94 51.8 52.8 June 20. Obs. Baumann. a—m = 136° 24,2 M Trl D o or hm o ;r 94 45-5 Io 55 a.m. 231 15.2 56.5 II 12 17-3 pe 43 32.6 95 8.1 o 31 p.m 232 1.8 8.6 42 231 50.2 46.01 I 15 232 4.2 29.2 ene 46 231 36.1 25.0 56 51.6 32.8 56 232 92.1 47-2 5 37-7 14.5 37 18.2 93 4 3 2.5 22.3 i 32.5 t 3-4 96 4.8 44 1.0 IL.o 5 12 0.9 BOu 20 1.2 6.3 95 56.5 2 19 p.m. 231 57:3 51.5 —_ —— 36.0 40.5 39.0 59.3 32.0 41.6 49-5 24.0 45:5 28.5 1 The needle much disturbed and difficult to point. AKSEL S. STEEN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM 24 1g02, June 25. Mark 204° 44'.5 | ao be Needle M h m oY II 37 a.m un 95 pe 41 a i 44 2p, 9.5 47 ie si ae ' 30. o Il p.m \P,.V 34.7 38 P, 96 8.7! 41 P, 95 55-7 47 P, 53-5 51 = ey 96 2.7 SV. 1:3 ae P,.VI 26.9 39 P, 47-0 43 P, 52.8 45 P, 55-5 49 P, 57-1 2 48 Py 46.3 52 P, 39.5 56 P, 41.7 59 a ie aa i 95 40.1 3 20 oe 53:3 47 P, 94 51.0 53 P, 3-2 57 Py 11.2 4 o P; ie 23.0 SP. 43-3 19 VP, 46.5 39 P, 95 29.5 44 P, 25.0 47 P, 27-7 5° Py 18.5 Mark 204° 44'.0 1902, une 30. o Mark 204° 43.0 Let: Needle M hm ar ca Il 3 a.m, By 94 33.0 7 P, 12.3 9 P, 17.8 Il P, 26.2 24 PV 35.6 54 P,.VI 93 42.8 °o 9pm P; 95 1.8 12 P, 94 52.3 36 P,.VI 55.8 58 P,.V 0.2 I 10 P, 14.8 12 B, 24.2 1S P, 19.5 18 P, 20.4 Mark 204° 43.0 ' The needle in rapid motion eastwards. Obs. Baumann. a—m = 136° 23.2 L. T. D hm ow II 39 a.m 231 30.0 46 36.2 o Il p.m. 55:8 40 232 25.4 49 21.3 I 16 40.3 41 233 13.1 47 19.8 2 50 6.1 58 6.4 3 20 232 13.9 5° 239 50.3 58 40.3 4 19 23r 8.1 40 59.5 49 46.3 2 17 p.m. 232 6.5 Obs. Baumann. a—m = 136° 24.5 ek: DP, h m ° ' Oo II p.m. 230 50.0 ‘ 1898 — 1902. No 6,] TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 25 1902. July 1. Mark 204° 38/.7 Let Needle M h m 6 4 Io 44 a.m. P5 04 55:5 46 P, 59-5 49 P, 56.5 51 P, 95 4.0 Il 5 Pre 2.7 25 Pee Ve 18.9 36 P, 2.8 39 P, 4-5 57 PVE 94 42.0 o 10 p.m PyitO 95 4.1 a2 P, , 18.0 26 P, 12.5 28 P, 2.7 3r P, 94 58.3 Mark 204° 40'.5 1g02. July 5. Mark 204° 40/.5 GT: Needle M y hm ° ' 9 55 a.m P, 94 49-5 Io I P; 48.5 21 P, 32.0! 25 P, 16.5 31 P, 3.0 35 P; 2.0 40 P 4.2 47 P, 3:3 52 Py 19.0 59 P, 29.8 Il 4 P, 41.8 Tt P, 36.2 17 P,; 37.0 23 P; 30.2 27 ie 37-0 32 P, 30.0 Mark 204° 40/.5 Obs. Baumann. a—m =-136° 27'.9 Teer Ts DP, hm aaa Ir 38 a.m. 231 35.2 Obs. Baumann. a—m = 136° 27'.0 Lek D hom o or Io II a.m. ear 3,6 38 230 30.1 II 2 58.7 25 231 0.6 Io 49 a.m. 230 53.2 ! The needle much disturbed, difficult to point. 26 AKSEL S. STEEN. Mark Io0062 a.m. Mark Mark es hm Io 13 a.m. 19 28 33 44 49 53 II cof OH Mark tgo2. July 7. 204° 40'.0 Needle M ° r P, 94 15.8 P, 17.7 F, 20.0 P, 24.0 P, 22.0 Py 31.0 P; 28.0 P, 37.8 Py 34.0 P3 40.0 P; 40.0 P, 43.0 Py 52.0 P, 54.0 P, 47.0 P, 49.2 204° 40'.0 Igo2, July to. 204° 34'.0 Needle M fe} \ P, 94 36.0 P, 28.8 Re 37.0 P, 49.5 P, 46.0 Py 41.2 P, 44.0 Py 25.2 P, Lg P, 93 56.3 P, 53-2 P, 44.8 By 20.3 By 30.3 P, 26.7 Es 24.7 204° 34'.0 Obs. Baumann. a—m = 136° 27'.5 be We D h m ° ' Io 13 a.m. 230 46.9 33 55-7 53 231 6.8 II 9 18.1 Io 42 a.m. 231 1.9 Obs. Baumann. a—m = 136° 33'.5 vy be D h m ° ' Io 23 a.m. 231 11.3 52 12.6 II 10 230 27.4 29 TS Io 230 43.1 59 a.m. [2nD ARC. EXP. FRAM 1898—1902. No.6.] TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 27 C. HORIZONTAL INTENSITY. For the determination of the absolute value of the horizontal inten- sity, both vibration and deflection observations were made with the two magnets belonging to the apparatus, V and VJ, whose length was respectively 99 mm. and 98 mm. In the regions explored by the Expedition, it must be presupposed that while the observations were being made, the magnetic conditions were always disturbed, and cannot be taken into account, as the Ex- pediton had not taken variation instruments with them. I have there- = fore endeavoured to calculate the horizontal intensity separately from vibrations and from deflections, by means of the two following formule?: For deflections, = ang [1 — (88 + a) t,] (1) ey G7 ' For vibrations, H= a TP [1 + (28 + a) t,] (2) The symbols employed in these formule are as follows: H = absolute horizontal intensity. g =angle of deflection. T =time of vibration, corrected for rate of chronometer, arc of. vibration and torsion force of the suspended thread. ¢, = temperature of magnet during the deflections. t, = temperature of magnet during the vibrations. a = temperature coefficient. 8 =coefficient of dilatation for brass (0.0000180). 6’ = coefficient of dilatation for steel (0.0000124). ye and C are two constants, of which the first, «, is proportional to the magnetic moment of the magnet, while C is the constant employed when the horizontal intensity is to be calculated from simultaneous vibrations and deflections, according to the following well-known formula?: = ON gy, 8 thet Ha q(t tots Bly + 5 3) 1 Nansen Expedition. T. M. p. 64. _ 2 | will take this opportunity of drawing attention to the fact that in the Report on the Nansen Expedition, T. M., p. 62, this formula has been incorrectly given as 28 AKSEL S. STEEN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM DETERMINATION OF THE CONSTANTS. As already mentioned in the Introduction, a series of determinations of the horizontal intensity were made with the apparatus at Wilhelms- haven before the departure of the Expedition by Captains Baumann and IsacuseEN, from the 19th to the 28th April, 1898, a corresponding series of observations having been made with the apparatus by Captain Amunp- seN, after the return of the Expedition, at Potsdam, on the 29th and 30th November and 1st December, 1902. It is these two sets of observations that form the basis of my cal- culations of the values that the constants «, 4 and C may be assumed to have had in the observations made during the Expedition. DETERMINATION OF THE TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT a. The result of the determinations of the temperature coefficient made during the observations at Wilhelmshaven in 1898 was, a for magnet V, 0.000204 for magnet VZ, 0.000497 Amunpsen’s determinations at Potsdam in 1902 made it, a for magnet V, 0.000243 for magnet VZ, 0.000625 At the time that the constants of the instruments were first deter- mined in Hamburg in 1893, shortly before the departure of the {st Fram Expedition, Dr. Neumayer found the following values: a For magnet V, 0.000307 For magnet VJ, 0.000638 It will be seen that these values tally better with Amunpsen’s deter- minations than with those found in 1898 at Wilhelmshaven. Nor can any very great degree of certainty be attributed to the last-named, as the two observers were then less practised in the taking of magnetic = c y 3 : Tyas + Pty — iB ly + a (tp — pl and also that # and f’, by a printer’s error (the omission of a 0), have~been given values ten times greater than they should be. These mistakes, however, have fortunately had no influence upon the results asthe latter were calculated from the above formule (1) & (2), with the correct values of @ and #’. 1898— 1902. No. 6.] 29 TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. observations. [ have therefore deemed it best simply to employ the values deduced from the observations that AMuNDsEN made with great accuracy under most favorable conditions. These include a long series of deflec- tions with both deflectors placed at both distances in various temperatures from — 1.3°C. to + 20.7°. The temperature coefficient adopted is therefore, for magnet V, ay= 0.000243 for magnet VI, ayr = 0.000625. If we call the angle of deflection at 0°, 9, tion at 0°, 7,, we obtain from equations (1) and and the time of vibra- (2), SIN Po = et Po 1 — Bet a)t, Die a + (26° + a) bp or, substituting the values of #, p’ and a, we obtain the following for- mule for the reduction of the angle of deflection and the time of vibration to 0°: For magnet V, logsin ¢. =logsin g + 12.93 ¢, . to" log To =logT — 582t,.10°° For magnet VZ, logsing, =logsin p + 29.60 tp. 10° * log T, =logT —14.09#,.10°° DETERMINATION OF THE CONSTANTS C AND ut. The following table gives the values of C and w that have been found at various times for the two deflectors, V and VJ, placed at the distance e = 29.840 cm., and H = 39.638 cm. It should be remarked that in all these cases, the small declination needle, £, has been em- ployed as deflected magnet. VL VIL Date Place Cc “u e E e E e E e E 1893. June 7| Hamburg | 0.27245) 0.17785 | 0.11799 | 0.07680] 0.34069 | 0.22169 | 0.14634 | 0.09523 1897. Apr.19| Wilhelmsh.| 0.27153) 0.17651 | 0.11757) 0.07644| 0.84013] 0.22128) 0.14223 | 0.09252 1898. Apr.20| Wilhelmsh.} 0.27275 | 0.17657) 0.11814 | 0.07668] 0.34234 | 0.22242) 0.14219 | 0.09247 ‘1902. Dec. 1} Potsdam 0.26831 | 0.17567 | 0.10604 | 0.06943 | 0.33636 | 0.22019 | 0.13547 | 0.08866 Mean 0.27126 | 0.17652 0.383988 | 0.22140 30 AKSEL S. STEEN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM As will be seen from the table, the magnets have evidently under- gone some change during the 2nd Fram Expedition. For both magnets, ue has become less, i. e. their magnetic moment is weakened. tt, as we know, can be determined independently of the absolute value of the horizontal intensity, as we obtain, from equations (1) and (2). log « = 4 log sin p, — log J). It should thus be possible to verify the value of « by means of the observations made during the Expedition itself, under the assumption that H might be supposed to have remained approximately constant during the time required to take a complete set of deflections and vi- brations. I have also attempted a verification such as this, but unfortunately with not altogether satisfactory results. Even at Station I it proved to be impossible to use magnet VI at the short distance, e, and at Station III magnet V could not be used at that distance either. At Station IV, neither of the deflectors could be used, even at the longer distance, EH, and therefore, as mentioned in the introduction, a new, longer rod for the deflection observations was made. There was thus only an opportunity of making a calculation of for V., Vz and Vig from the observations at the first three stations. After having selected the observations that seemed most suitable for such a calculation, I have found the following values for u: V, Ve Vie Station I. 1899. May 30 0.11608 0.07544 0.09158 June 5 332 348 8755 a 3% 359 375 8854 - 9 298 300 Mean 0.11382 0.07392 —0,08921 Station If. 1900. June 29 0.11892 0.07926 July 2 7944 0.09486 Mean 0.11892 0.07935 0.09486 Station HI. 1901. July 10 0.07579 0.08834 - fi 499 828 - 12 621 899 Mean 0.07566 0.08854 1898— 1902. No. 6.] TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 31 The means of the values found for w in each of the three years do not, it will be observed, agree very well with one another; but if we take the average of the results from 1899 and 1900, and compare it with the result from 1901, and the certain determinations in the table on p. 29, made before and after the Expedition, indications appear, which make it possible to fix with more or less certainty, the time when the above-mentioned weakening of the magnetic moment of the deflectors took place. We have as follows: u 1897 + 18 e a T1898 Withelmshaven 0.11785 0.07656 0.09250 1809-1900 Expedition 0.11637 0.07664 0.09200 1904 = 0.07566 0.08854 1902 Potsdam 0.10604 0.06943 0.08866 According to this it may safely be assumed that deflector VJ has undergone a change at the end of 1900 or the beginning of 1901, while deflector V seems to have kept its magnetic moment more or less un- changed until the termination of the observations in the summer of 1901. On the other hand it is a question, as regards the latter magnet, whether the change demonstrated at Potsdam took place before or after the ob- servations made at Station IV during the summer of 1902. In order to solve this question, I have proceeded in the following © manner. According to equation (2), the following connection is found be- tween the time of vibration at 0° for the two magnets, assuming that Hi is constant: ; Cy Cw uy Toy — gevr Tovi and accordingly - Both for 1901 and 1902, I have calculated sy from the vibration observations made with magnets Vand VJ on the same day, and from the means for Cy and Cy, taken from the table on p. 29, as also from the value of «yr found at Potsdam in 1902, belonging to the long dis- tance, EH, and obtain as mean le 1901. Expedition 0.07599 | 1902. _ 0.06843, 32 _AKSEL S. STEEN. [2ND. ARC. EXP. FRAM which shows with all the clearness desirable that the change in the magnetic moment of magnet V took place before the observations at Station IV in the summer of 1902 were begun. As the value of the constant, C, which is independent of the mag- netic moment of the magnet concerned, I have employed for Stations J, II, and IIIf, 1899—1901, the mean value given in the table on p. 29. As the constant «, according to the above explanation, must be assumed, as far as magnet V is concerned, to have remained more or less unchanged during these three years, I have employed the mean of the values found at Wilhelmshaven in 1897 and 1898. I have used the corresponding mean for magnet VJ, on the other hand, only for Stations I and II, and have assumed the value of s found at Potsdam in 1902 to be the right one for Station III. In deflection observations at Station II on the 26th July and 3rd August, 1900, the double declination needle, P, was used as deflected magnet, instead of the small needle, L, usually employed, whereby both C and w acquired a slightly different value. In the determination of the constants of the instrument at Wilhelmshaven in 1897, however, ob- servations were also made with this arrangement of the apparatus, whence it appeared that the following correction must be added to the value of log Cw for needle LZ, when P was employed as deflected magnet: Correction For magnet V, distance £, — 0.00599 - - VE — ££ —9.00725 | The correction proved to be practically the same for both positions, P, and P,}. . I have thus, for the first 3 stations, been able to give for calcula- tion the following values for log © and log Cu Cc log log Cu Expedition aE | VLL | v.P | vEP Vv VI e | E | fz E E Station I. 1899 0.362438 | 0.37872 | 8.50472 | 8.13079 | 8.31132 _ If. 1900 0.36243 | 0.37872 | 8.50472 | 8.18079 | 8.31132) 8.12480] 8.30407 — Ii 1901 0.36243 | 0.89500 8.13079 | 8.29053 ' Nansen Expedition, ‘I’. M. p; 70. 1898— 1902. No. 6.] TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 33 With regard to observations made at Station IV in the summer of 1902, the conditions are somewhat different. As already indicated, there is every probability that the magnetic moment of both deflectors was the same as during Amunpsen’s determinations of the constants at Potsdam about the 1st December of that year. The value for log < deduced by AmunpsEn’s observations, may therefore straightway be employed, namely, log = for magnel_ V, 0.40318 for magnet VJ, 0.39500 On the other hand, there is a great difficulty to face when an en- deavour is made to find a usable value for log Cu, as, for the deflection observations, the new long rod was employed, and the double needle P was always used as deflected magnet instead of the small needle L. Among AmunDsEN’s series of observations from Potsdam, there is, it is true, a set of deflections with magnet VI placed upon the new rod at both the distances marked upon the latter, which I will call e’ and E'; but as in these observations the small needle LZ was used as de- flected magnet, no use, unhappily, can be made of them. My only alternative has therefore been to seek for a mean value for log Cu by the aid of the vibration observations made at Station IV itself. Assuming that the horizontal intensity has remained unchanged during a set of vibrations and a set of deflections, the following equa- tion, by the combination of formule: (1) and (2), is obtained: log Cu = log e — 2log T, + log sin g,. On the 20th, 25th and 30th June, and the ist July, 1902, there were taken, from about 9 or 9.30 a.m. until late in the afternvon, first a double series of vibrations with both magnets, then an entire set of deflections with the magnets at both distances, and finally another double series of vibrations with both magnets. We have thus obtained, for each of the above-named days, a mean value for 7, and for y,, which may be assumed to correspond more or less with each other. If these mean values, and the previously given value of log c be put into the above equation, the following values are obtained for Cu: 3 34 AKSEL S. STEEN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM V.P VEL P e E e’ Ef 1902. June 20. 0.007093 0.003185 0.01147 0.005019 — 9%, 7184 3230 1164 5027 — 30. 7029 3124 1147 4955 July 1. 7101 3239 1144 5181 Mean 0.007102 =0.003195 = ~=—- 0.01149 0.005046 log Cu 7.85138 7.50447 8.06032 7.70295 THE TEMPERATURE OF THE MAGNETS. On first looking through the observations before me, I noticed the remarkably high temperatures that had frequently been observed during the vibration and deflection observations. I was also amazed at the variations in temperature, which were often considerable, and appeared chiefly at the transition from vibration to deflection observations, or vice versa. To illustrate this, the following three instances are given, taken at random from the series of observations. Under the heading ¢ is entered the mean temperature observed during a set of vibrations or a set of deflections, read off from the thermometer of the vibration box, or from that on the deflection rod; while under the heading ‘Fram’, I have placed the simultaneously-observed atmospheric temperatures on board the Fram, which have kindly been furnished by Professor Moun, who has worked up the Expedition’s meteorological observations. L. T. t “Fram” 1900. July 2 S$ 56am. Vibr. 205 33 9 13 >» 995 3.2 39 » 45 3.0 1 4p.m. Defl. 7.8 3.6 2 4 >» 94 3.8 5 12 » 14.5 6.0 1901. July 10. 10 47a.m. — Vibr. 16.5 6.9 11 13 » 75 7.0 4] » 19.0 7.3 QO 4p.m. > 18.5 7.5 1 36 Defl. 10.0 7.6 2 15 >» 88 7.6 4 8 >» 12.0 7.4 25 » 11.6 74 1898— 1902. No. 6.] TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 35 L.T. t “Fram” 1902. June 5. 9 33a. m. Vibr. 93.0 —06 54. > 95 —O04 10 31 » 190 —04 48 » 195 —04 With regard to the temperature conditions here mentioned, Captain BauMANN, upon inquiry, has given a verbal explanation, which is very much as follows. The summer temperature on shore, where the magnetic observations were made, was always much higher than out on the vessel. The sun was really scorching when there was no wind, so much so, that the observer sometimes had to divest himself of various articles of clothing. Even when the tent was used, the sun might shine directly upon the instrument through the tent-door, which always faced south. The vibration- box, which had a black bottom, became especially warm, and this heated the air and the magnet in the box. The air in the tent was warmed by the heated sides of the tent. The fact that the temperature during the deflections never reached so high a point as the vibration- temperatures, may presumably be explained by the circumstance that the thermometer used in the deflections was bent in such a manner, that the bulb was in the zinc casing that was placed over the deflector, and was not exposed to the direct radiation of heat from the sun itself or the sides of the tent. The considerable and often rapid variations of temperature are probably caused by the occurrence of strong gusts of wind. A cold wind would often suddenly blow from the nearest elevated ice-covered land- surface (glacier), and cool the instrument and the tent, especially when at the same time the sun was hidden by clouds. Captain Baumann added that once during a sledge-journey he ob- served with a ‘sling-thermometer an air temperature of — 25° C., while at the same time the sun was powerful enough to melt the surface of the ice, where pools of water appeared. 36 AKSEL S. STEEN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM THE OBSERVATIONS. The following tables contain, in chronological order, all the deflec- tion and vibration observations made, and the value of the horizontal intensity, H, calculated from each separate series. OBSERVATION OF DEFLECTION. The deflector, magnet V or VJ, was first placed upon the western half of the deflection rod with its north pole towards the west, and was then moved over to the eastern half of the rod with the north pole as before. The deflector was then turned round so that the north pole pointed east, and was finally, in the same position, moved across to the western half of the rod. With each of the four positions of the deflector, a setting of the declination needle was made, with the accom- panying reading of the horizontal circle, and temperature reading. ¢ = the temperature read. M = reading of the horizontal circle (the mean of the two ver- niers). d = correction for the angular inequality1. gy = angle of deflection corrected for angular inequality. t = correction to be added to logsing for reduction to 0° ac- cording to formula (4), p. 29. 1 Nansen Expedition. T. M., p. 66. 1898— 1902. No. 6.] TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 37 Station Ia. Rice Strait. 1899. May 30. Obs. Baumann. Lt, Deflector Distance Needle t M h am °o ° , Io 42 a.m. V E L 0.0 81 08 55 1.5 7.0 EM oO 3-7 118 53.5 7 5:0 39-3 10 56 a.m. 26 d0=00 vines bs Deflector Distance Needle t M hm ° ° ’ Ir 26 a.m. VI uo L 4-5 69 9.8 a2 4.0 58.0 46 4.0 128 58.5 54 6.0 129 37-5 II 40 am. 46 d=02 LT. Deflector Distance Needle t M h m ° oF oO I4 p.m. V e L 6.0 49 21.5 23 6.5 Si 15 ar 6.8 14g 6.5 36 6.5 43-3 o 26 p.m. 65 d= 06 Station Ib. Rice Strait. 1899. June 5. Obs. Baumann. 1 3, Deflector Distance Needle t M hm ° o or Io g a.m VI E L 8.0 40 43.5 15 7.0 41 8.7 26 7.0 98 12.5 30 6.0 6.5 I0 20 a.M. 7-0 6 = 0.0 L, Ts Deflector Distance Needle t M h m ° o or Io 56 a.m. V E pa 7.0 50 49.5 II o 4.0 51 16.0 7 6.0 87 57.8 3 6.0 88 2.0 II 4am 58 d=o1 y = 18° 514.2 log sin 7 9.50940 Tt + 0.00024 colog sin 7, 0.49036 log Cu 8.13079 log H 8.62115 Se ee re one ca AH = 0.04180 yp = 29° 51'.8 log sin 9 9.69717 Tv +0.00136 colog sin fy 0.30147 log Cu 8.31122 log H 8.61269 A = 0.04099 y = 49° 31.9 log sin p 9.88125 t +0,00084 colog sin 9, O.II7QI log Cu 8.50472 log H 8.62263 H = 0.04193 y = 28° 36.7 log sin p 9.68022 t + 0.00207 colog sin 7, 0.31771 log Cu 8.31122 log H 8.62893 H = 0.04255 9 = 18° 281.5 log sin 7 9.50091 T +0,00075 colog sin 9, 0.49834 log Cu 8.13079 log H 8.62913 AH = 0.04258 38 AKSEL S. STEEN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM ET; Deflector Distance Needle + M y = 48° 51/9 h m 2 o + log sin ¢ * 9.87687 II 3I a.m. I e rE 8.0 19 12.0 t +o0.00101 42 5.0 2I 31.0 eee 50 5.5 117 52.5 colog sin gy 0.12212 54 6.0 118 20.5 log Cu 8.50472 Il 44 a.m 61 0 = 08 log H 8.62684 Ed = 0.04235 1899. June 8. Obs. Baumann. Es Deflector Distance Needle t M 2 = 49° 54'90 hm : ° o or log sin 9.88371 9 51 a.m. I e ds 9.0 147 49.8 # Pesteoa II Io 5.0 149 24.8 : aa I5 7.0 248 22.5 colog sin %, 0.11536 20 8.0 33.0 log Cu 8.50472 Io 54 a.m q2 b= 04 log H 8.62008 LT = 0.04169 L.T. Deflector Distance Needle t M a = 18° 48/7 hm ° o or log sin 9.50847 a Ir 38 a.m. y E E 70 179 32.5 & dennenaé 43 6.0 52.0 ee eae 49 8.0 217 23.0 colog sin y, 0.49057 57 8.5 16.5 | log Cu 8.13079 II 47 am. 74 0=00 log H 8.62136 Peg = 0.04182 Big Deflector Distance Needle t M a = 29° 12'.6 h m ° o or log sin y 9.68843 7 o 15 p.m. VI E L 5-0 168 47.5 2 prweaiy 19 7:0 169 10.5 CTE. 26 8.0 227 27.0 colog sin x, 0.30944 3 9.0 21.5 log Cu 8.31122 © 23 p. a 72 d=o00 | lg H 8.62066 A = 0.04175 1899. June 9. Obs. Baumann. Lt Deflector Distance Needle t M LP = 50° 161.9 hm ° 1 i 886 TO 44 4m. Vv e L 8.0 ate 47.3 chem, 2 a T + 0.00075 55 55 214 43.5 eH II 4 4.8 314 7.0 colog sin ¢, 0.11321 12 4.8 34.0 log Cu 8.50472 Io 59,a.m 58 & = 06 lag H 8.61793 H = 0.04149 1898—1902. No. 6.] TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 39) bet. Deflector Distance Needle t M y = 18° 59'0 hm ; . ° eo 4 log sin % 9.51227 II.27 a.m. T E i L 5.0 244 50.0 _ aia esesg 35 4.7 245 10.0 —— 42 5-3 283 0.0 colog sin 0.48714 46 3.5 282 56.2 | log Cu 8.13079 Ir 38 a.m. 46 0 =00 log H 8.61793 vou = 0.04149 Station II, Havne Fjord. tg00. June 29. Obs. Baumann. Le Deflector Distance Needle t M | 9 = 73° 15/2 hm ' log sin g .98118 Io 28 a.m. 1" e L 85 102 30.5 P a 42 8.7 109 12.5 ape 51 8.0 252 33.0 colog sin 7, 0.01773 59 8.5 55:55 log Cu 8.50472 Io 45 a.m 8.4 0 = 112 log H 8.52245 AH = 0.03330 LT: Deflector Distance Needle M yp = 25° 10/4 h m r oo: log sin ¢ 9.62876 II 42 a.m. T E L 153 30.5 ze ewer 59 52.0 ; eS °o op.m 204 12.0 colog sin Py 0.37015 15 203 52.5 log Cu __8.13079 o Ipm. 8 =o1 log H 8.50094 H = 0.03169 1900, July 2. Obs. Baumann. es Deflector Distance Needle t M y = 24° 43/.0 h om ° o 7 log sin ¢ 9.62131 0 50 p.m. E L 8.0 156 36.0 T + 0.00101 Io 8.0 54.0 : rae ae 9 7.0 206 14.0 colog sin fy 0.37768 16 8.2 8.0 | log Cu 8.13079 14pm 78 0 = 00 log H 8.50847 : H = 0.03224 bbs Deflector Distance Needle t M y = 38° 50/8 hm ° oor log sin p 9-79143 I 40 p.m. VI E L 7:0 142 52.0 va + 0.00278 2 4 8.5 35-5 —_—_—_ 12 II.0 220 41.5 colog sin #, 0.19979 2i 11.0 9.5 | los Ce 8.31132 2 4pm 94 O=or log H 8.51111 H = 0.03244 adeeig 40 AKSEL S. STEEN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM goo. July 20. Obs. Isachsen. a 5 es be Deflector Distance Needle 3 M 2 = 23° 481.9 hm ° oo: log sin 9 9.60598 3 I2 p.m, V i L 9.5 36 20.5 # +0.00123 23 9.5 49.0 ; ——— 29 95 84 80 | Colog sin 7, 0.39279 34 9.5 15.5 log Cu 8.13079 3 25 p.m. 95 &=0.2 log H 8.52358 HT = 0.03339 i a Deflector Distance Needle t M ra = 75° 471.6 hm ‘ ° o 7 log sin y 9.98651 3 39 p.m. Vv é L 75 156 2.0 t +0.00091 49 7:3 169 14.0! ; eNO ieee 57 7.3. 313. 7.0 colog sin p, 0.01258 4 4 9-7 319 39.0 | los Cu _ Beate 3 52 p.m. 80 J = 649 | los # 8.51730 Hf = 0.03291 1 Biel bs Deflector Distance Needle t M y = 39° 7/9 hom ° oor log sin & 9.79993 4 19 p.m. VI E Ly 9.0 2I 17.0 _ 5-6:60266 22 9-7 23 21.5 ; ja 30 9.0 99 45.0 colog sin 4 9.19741 36 8.3 I0I 25.0 log Cu 8.31132 4 27 p.m. 90 8 = 11 log H 8.50873 H = 0.03227 1900. July 25. Obs. Isachsen. LT. Deflector Distance Needle t M y = 36° 15/6 hom ° o or log sin y 9.80134, 9 Iam. VI E Ls 7:0 140 40.0 fe S-gmouys 5 6.6 141 12.0 : ———_ I4 Il0 220 1.5 colog sin 9, 0.19591 25 126 218 55.0 log Cu 8.31132 ‘9 II am. 9.3 d= 02 log H 8.50723 fT = 0.03215 Lk Deflector Distance Needle t M yp = 25° 915 h m ° oor log sin ¢ 9.62852 9 ] a.m. V E L ee 154 40.5 < sdanoonas 3 a 42.5 iacnennanceeie 42 9.5 205 14.5 colog sin y, 0.37019 46 11.8 204 46.5 log Cu 8.13079 9 40 a.m. 100 60 = 0.0 log H 8.50098 A = 0.03169 ' While the scratching was going on, the needle turned right round. 1898— 1902. No. 6.] TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 4t 1900. July 26. Obs. Isachsen. L. T. Deflector Distance Needle M 7 = 24° 415 h m ° or log sin 7 9.61051 9 : a.m. V E Das oe 275 ae r +0.00123 Ke} 34. : ——_ 28 10.4 323 40.5 colog sin 9% 0.38826 34 11.0 16.5 log Cu 8.12480 9 26 am. 95 O=o1 log H 8.51306 H = 0.03259 L. T. Deflector Distance Needle t M 7 = 36° 50'.6 hm ° oor log sin 7 9.77788 9 40 am. VI E £3 8.1 261 59.5 2 +0.00213 43 55 262 53.0 ; ———— 58 5.0 336 19.0 colog sin 0.21999 Io 2 10.0 335 56.5 | los CH 8.30407 9 51 a.m. 72 Od=02 log H 8.52406 Al = 0.03342 a Ba Deflector Distance Needle t M yp = 24° 33/.0 hm ° oo; log sin 7 9.61856 o 28 p.m. V E P, 12.9 273 30.0 ie +0,00131 32 12.0 41.5 ; ————— 39 7.5 322 59.0 | Colog sin Yo 0.38013 log Cu 8.12480 45 8.0 25.0 g © iia preachy o 36 p.m. 101 0 = or log H 8.50493 H = 0.03198 L.T: Deflector Distance Needle t M 2 = 37° 20/4 hm ° oor log sin ¢ 9.78435 o 51 p. VI ae oy P, S 260 27.0 z +0.00172 58 0 54.0 ee I as 6.0 336 6.0 colog sin Po 0.21393 7 zo 335 13.5 | le OH eee I op. 6.8 36 = 02 log AH 8.51800 ‘H = 0.03296 1g00. August 3. Obs. Isachsen. LT, Deflector Distance Needle 1 M P = 36° 56.2 h m ° oor log sin 7 9.77882 Il 24 a. VI E P, 8.0 142 41.2 Cc +0.00213 32 P 8.0 45.0 ’ —— P - colog sin Pp 0.21905 39 i 1s ss log Cu 8.30407 45 P, Wi) 12.5 a 49 P; 6.0 218 13.5 log H 8.52412 54 P, 6.0 217 58.5 H = 0.03343 oO 4?p. P, g.0 216 38.0 9 P, 6.5 24.5 II 47 Pp. 7.2 = 0.7 49 AKSEL S. STEEN. |2QND ARC. EXP. FRAM Lave Deflector Distance Needle t Mu y = 24° 610 h m ° oor log sin g 9.61101 4 34 pm. is E P, 6.5 155 58.0 ie Seapoteg 38 6.7 156 3.0 : aaa 43 8.7 16.5 colog sin 9, 0.38790 48 10,0 I.0 log Cu 8.12480 56 9.0 204 24.0 log H 8.51270 S36 9.0 IL.0 = 7 8.7 10.0 a eae I2 8.5 21.5 4 52 p.m. 8.4 & = 0.0 Station III, Gaase Fjord. tgor. July to. Obs. Baumann. is Deflector Distance Needle t M yp = 32° ar's h m ° oor log sin 7 9.72853 I 24 p.m. Vv E X 9.0 25 22.9 # +0.00129 33 9-5 54:5 ; os 40 I1.0 90 28.7 colog sin 0.27018 46 10.5 14.7 log Cu 8.13079 I 36 p.m. 100 0 =o. log H 8.40097 H = 0.02517 7. Deflector Distance Needle t M ye = 51° 56/1 hom ° , log sin ¢ 9.89615 2 2p.m. VI E L 9.0 5 5:55 - 46 60866 13 9.0 6 36.5 —_—— 20 8.5 110 27.5 colog sin 9, 0.10125 26 85 109 1.7 log Cu 8.29053 215 p.m 88 d= 0.7 log H 8.39178 HH = 0.02465 1901. July 11. Obs. Baumann. aad Be Deflector Distance Needle t M Pp = 48° 24/4 hm ° oor log sin ¢ 9.87383 © 54 p.m. VI E es 8.5 22 5.5 eS Aereaa it i 75 23° 9.5 ; pes 6 8.5 119 31.0 colog sin 7, 0.12371 12 8.5 22.5 log Cu 8.29053 I 3pm 83 d=o2 log H 8.41424 H = 0.02596 1898— 1902. No. 6.| TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 43 et Deflector Distance Needle t M y = 30° 22'.9 m ‘ I 26 p.m. Ee E Be 7.0 50° re ie sm 9-70394 6 ? T +0.00101 3 7.0 44.0 a 54 8.5 100 36.5 colog sin 7, 0.29505 27 8.5 23.0 | log Cu 8.13079 I 46 p.m. 78 3d =o00 log H 8.42584 AH = 0.02666 1801. July 12. Obs. Baumann. re Deflector Distance Needle t M Lp = 32° 31/5 it F © 32 p.m. V UE de 11.0 35° 16.0 ee neal Tt -+ 0.00172 38 TL 33-5 — 42 I4.5 100 28.0 colog sin 9% 0.26777 52 16.0 27.5 | los Cu 8.13079 © 41 p.m, 13.3 d=o00 | lg # 8.39856 ves = 0.02504 pga he Deflector Distance Needle t M 7 = 51° 31/.8 hm ° oor log sin 9 9.89374 I7 p.m. VI i L 15.0 I4 54.0 = +0,00370 gy) 12.0 16 45.0 — 24 II.0 119 38.0 colog sin , 0.10256 32 11.8 118 95 | log Ce 8.29053 I 20 p.m. 125 0=03 log H 8.39309 ff = 0,02472 Station IV, Gaase Fjord. 1902, June rr. Obs. Baumann. Lek. Deflector Distance Needle t M yp = 28° 53/.0 h m ° oo? log sin 9 9.68397 10 35 a.m. VI e Ps 12.0 65 29.5 ie +0.00411 47 7 P, 10.0 0.0 nari 57 P, 16.0 64 44.5 colog sin Y, 0.31192 1¢ 8 P, 16.3 65 20.0 log Cu 8.06032 17 i Ka 123. 9.0 log H 8.37224 25 fi 13. 20.5 = 36 P, 15.5 122 7.5 ue = 90550 44 P, 14,0 £23 2.0 11 Ir a.m. 139 @€ =o. 44 AKSEL S. STEEN. [2ND ARG. EXP. FRAM dis Be Deflector h m o 8 p.m. rT 13 22 Deflector Io 16 a.m. VI 10 39 a.m. Ls 6 bh m ii ©2 a.m: VI 29 37 Deflector Deflector Distance E! Distance E! Distance Distance ‘ eé ‘ é Needle t M fe) fe} t P; 15.5 8r 13.5 RB Sy 80 53.5 a 19.0 25.3 P, 17.0 20.5 P, 16.0 105 56.5 B I4.0 106 I1.7 £5 14.0 22.7 PR, I4.0 18.7 158 &=o1 June 12. Obs. Baumann. Needle t M ° ° t Ey 17.0 81 12.0 P, 16.5 80 58.8 P, 19.0 8r 9.0 F, 22.0 3.5 Pe 19.5 106 41.8 P, 22.0 107 1.8 PR 17.5 20.3 Fs 18.5 29.7 190 O0=o1 Needle t M ° # P; 24.5 65 38.0 P, 25.0 64 37.5 EB 28.0 65 18.5 P, 28.0 64 40.5 F, 26.0 122 47.5 P, 24-5 43.3 Ps 22.2 16.0 P, 21.8 121 40.0 25.0 d= o.1 June 13. Obs. Baumann. Needle t M ° fe) Ud Py 17.0 76 24.7 P, 17.0 54.7 P, 17.0 45-5 P, 16.0 52.7 Ps 16.3 I12 32.0 P, 15.8 40.2 P, 16.0 26.5 P, 16.5 42.7 164 0 = 0.0 y = 12° golr log sin 9 9.34218 T +0.00468 colog sin 9, 0.65314 log Cu 7.70294 log H 8.35608 Al = 0.02270 P = 13° 3%4 log sin 9.35274 t +0.00562 colog sin g, 0.64164 log Cu 7-70294 log H 8.34458 H = 0,022I1 yp = 28° 38/9 log sin » 9.68073 T +0,00740 colog sin y, 0.31187 log Cu 8.06032 log H 8.37219 HH = 0.02356 P = 17° 5515 log sin V2 9.48823 T +0.00212 colog sin Lo 0.50965 log Cu 7.85138 log H 8.36103 Al = 0.02296 1898 — 1902. No. 6.] TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 45 bol Deflector Distance Needle ¢ M y = 74s h ma 1 : © 30 p.m. V E P. 15.0 87 8:7 Se ie SE8859 Z j T +0.00163 35 Ps 15.0 21.5 pea 39 P, 14.0 86 58.0 | Colog sin , 0.87178 44 P 12.8 54.0 | log Cu 1-50447 1 4 51 P; 11.8 102 35.0 log H 8.37625 59 P, 11.2 29.8 1 6 Py 10.6 38.8 oi = 0.08379 10 P, 10.6 11.2 o 49 p.m. 126 O0=o.1 1902. June 14. Obs. Baumann. i. T: Deflector Distance Needle t M yp = 7° 32.3 hm 1 i : Io 13 a.m. V E' P, 5.8 86 54.0 See ete T + 0.00079 25 P, 6.0 54.2 pene 33 P, Gs 45-3 colog sin %, 0.88131 39 P 6.2 4o.5 | log Cu 750447 46 P, 6.2 102 05 log H 8.38578 56 Be 6.2 I01 57.3 a - 1 2 FP, 6.3 46.3 Fr 2243 9 BE, 6.1 48.3 Io 43 a.m. 61 0 = 00 Lele Deflector Distance Needle t M yp = 17° 32'.6 hm ° o oF log sin p 9.47918 Il 39 a.m. V é Ps 7.0 76 47.0 +.0.00089 46 P, Fs, 36.2 ; SA Ye 51 P; 7.2 In. colog sin % 0.51993 55 ee 7.0 2.0 log Cu 7.85138 o 4pm. P, 7.0 TIT 57-5 log H 8.37131 14 P, 6.8 39.0 -_ 19 P; 6.8 14.8 uh = ee 24 P, 6.0 8.0 o 1pm 69 d= 02 1902. June 16. Obs. Baumann. jee ie Deflector Distance Needle t M 2 = 28° 40/5 h m ; ° o ¢ log sin p 9.68316 11 28 a.m. VI é P; 10.0 65 35.0 # s:0,00259 33 P; 10.0 66 0.5 ; ate 38 P, 9.5 65 52.0 colog sin 0.31432 47 P, 3.8 58.0 log Cu 8.06032 52 P, 8.3 123 29.5 log H 8.37464 P. 8 Ke) 59 a qj os A = 0.02369 o 7 p.m. P, 7.2 8.0 16 P, 6.0 25.5 Ir 50 a.m. 85 d= 0.0 46 AKSEL S. STEEN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM see Deflector Distance Needle t M yp 17° 20'.9 hm ° , log sin y 9.47810 © 23 p.m. V e Ps 6.8 717 31.2 fe ees 27 P; 6.8 41.8 : ee 33 P, 7.0 33.5 colog sin 9) 0.52102 36 P; yr 47.0 | log Cu 7-85138 42 Py 75 112 23.0 log H 8.37240 47 P, 7-2 45-5 es P, és ~_ TE 0.02357 37 BE, 5.8 47.2 o 40 p.m. 6.8 d= 00 1902. June 20. Obs. Baumann. bet, Deflector Distance Needle t M 7 q° 42/8 hm ° o or log sin 9.12780 II 22 a.m, V E By 12.8 87 25.0 ® Fenn 27 P, 13.0 31.2 ——_— 34 P, 13.0 15.0 colog sin YP, 0.87058 39 P, 13.0 30.8 | log Cr 7-50441 45 P, 13.0 102 42.5 log H 8.37499 on = aa a H 0.02371 58 P, 11.7 53-3 ee o 6p.m Bo II.0 56.3 II 43 a.m 125 0 = 0.0 ara bs Deflector Distance Needle t M 7 12° 819 h m ° oor log sin p 9.32313 z ! é o 56 p.m VI E P, 12.5 83 27.5 e boa fo) Py 13.0 29.7 — 1, P, 13.2 43.3 colog sin %, 0.67311 15 P, 13.4 23.7 log Cu 7.90294 20 P, 13-5 107 48.3 log H 8.37605 26 dss 13.0 58.5 ee 32 P, In5 575 8.02310 37 F, IL.3 31.3 I m7 p.m. 12.7 0 = 00 Le. Deflector Distance Needle é M y 28° 45/9 h m ° oor log sin 9.68235 3 18 p.m. VI é P, 12.0 67 12.3 % , peers 22 Py 12.0 66 50.5 poe 26 set 12.0 67 21.8 colog sin ¥, 0.31392 36 lee 13.0 7:8 log Cu 8.06032 42 P, 13-0 125 11.3 | log H 8.37424 46 Py 13.0 124 38.3 A 0.0236 51 P; 13.0 35-7 307 55 P, 12.5 14.5 3 37 p.m. 126 0 =o1 1898— 1902. No. 6.] TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 47 sea ba Deflector Distance Needle t M 5 = 17° 22'6 bh np i 1 " 4+ 25 p.m. V é fae 115 8 50,2 pecs : sia T +0,00155 30 Pi ILS 16.0 ——— 36 P, 12.5 1752.7 colog sin %, 0.52328 41 Py 12.7 78 27.5 log Cu 7-85138 +7 £5 12.0 I12 56.0 log H 8.37466 52 P; 12.3 113 12.5 ; 58 Pi; 12.9 I12 46.5 al ma ieee 5 3 Ps tj. Wig 2.0 444 p.m 120 0 = 00 1902. June 25. Obs. Baumann. LT Deflector Distance Needle t M y = 17° ato h om ° of log sin » 9.47452 ‘ z 2 II 53 a.m. V e P, 11.8 78 3.2 e heute 57 P, 11.7 14.0 ee o 3pm Py 12.0 6.5 colog sin P, 0.52394 9 Py 11.8 22.5 log Cu 7-85138 15 P; 11.8 112 38.7 log H 8.37532 19 Py FE4 54.5 fs = 23 P, 12.1 47.2 = O82 28 P, 12.3 I13 14.2 o1Irpm 1rg 0 =o00 a a Deflector Distance Needle t M Y = 28° 35/1 hm ° , log sin 9.67984 o 59 p.m. VI oe Py 11.7 67 18.0 # +0,00382 4 i 12.0 28.8 —— 9 P, 13.0 68 15.5 colog sin 9% 0.31634 13 P, 1go | (By 45g | toe OH stati 19 P, 13-2 124 58.3 log H 8.37666 25 P; 53.3 125 6.7 _ 29 P, 132 124 56.0 Hf = 9.02380 32 Py 13.6 27.8 I 16 p.m. 12.9 0 =o. L. T: Deflector Distance Needle t M 7 = rr? 5843 hm ° o 8 log sin y 9.31687 a 3 Op.m. VI E P, 12.7 84 1.3 iz 0.00373 9 Py 12.7 83 52.7 ; ——— 13 3 P, 13.5 84 1.2 colog sin po 0.67940 14 P, 13.2 83 34.0 log Cu 7.70294 21 FE, 13.0 108 17.2 log H 8.38234 25 P, 12.55 107 53.8 H == a P, ne — = 0.02412 39 yi IL.5 19.7! 3 20 p.m. 126 0 =o.1 ! The needle much disturbed, difficult to point. 48 LeT. h m AKSEL S. STEEN. {Q2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM £ 6 PM: 8 13 TW 2I L. T. h m II 16 a.m. 2r 26 34 Deflector V Deflector V Deflector VI Deflector VI Deflector Distance E! Distance E! Distance E! Distance Distance ‘ eé e! Needle t M ° ’ PB, II.0 87 1.0 P, 11.3 1.2 Pe 12.2 5.0 P, I2.0 5.0 P, 12.0 102 23.0 P, 12.7 24.2 P, 13.3 23-0 yee 13.3 37.0 122 0 = 0.0 June 30. Obs. Baumann. Needle t M O° ° . Py 16.7 87 6.5 17.0 86 51.0 16.8 02 I1.0 17.6 13.8 170 0 =o00 Needle t M oo t Pi 17.2 82 5.3 17.5 8r 13.5 T7-5 105 59.5 18.0 32.5 176 0 = 03 Needle t M fe} fe} , P, 17.0 65 56.8 18.0 66 9.0! 18.5 124 13.5 18.8 I23 24.0 11 0 =o Needle t M ° ° , P, 18.8 76 42.5 19.0 37-7 Ig.I II 31.3 19.7 95 192 0= 0.0 ‘ The needle difficult to point, rapidly moving. 9 = 7° 41'8 log sin 7 9.12687 ua +0,00158 colog sin 9, 0.87155 log Cu 7-50441 log H 8.37596 HT = 0.02377 g = 7° 368 log sin 7 9.12217 Tt : + 0.00220 colog sin 9, 0.87563 log Cu 7.50441 log H 8.38004 HT = 0.02399 y = 12° 310 log sin 9.31966 oC + 0.00511 colog sin y, 0.67523 log Cu 7.70295 log H 8.37818 Peg = 0.02389 yp “== 28° 52/8 log sin y 9.68392 T +.0,00536 colog sin y, 0.31072 log Cu 8.06032 log H 8.37104 AH = 0.02350 yp Sst? 40! P log sin ¢ 9-47415 e +0.00248 colog sin y, 0.52337 log Cu 7.85138 log H 8.37475 H = 0.02370 1898—1902. No.6.] TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 49 tg02. July x. Obs. Baumann. LT. Deflector Distance Needle t M V2 = 16° 59'.5 hm id oor log sin p 9.46573 10 58 a. Lf é PS 18.0 171 56.7 ‘a Penonse Il 2 17.8 78 9.5 —_—_——- 5 I7.2 12 23 colog sin 9, 9.53197 II 18.0 2.3 | los Cu __7-85138 I 5a 178 S&=o00 | lg A 8.38335 H = 0.02417 LT: Deflector Distance Needle t M y = 27° 51.9 hm ’ log sin .66968 ir 18 a VI é P, 18.2 67 10.8 My e eee 22 17.8 43.0 — 28 17-5 123 15.5 colog sin Y 0.32499 32 18.5 6.3 log Cu 8.06032 Il 25a 180 Od =o1 log H 8.38531 H = 0.02428 LT; Deflector Distance Needle t M y = 12° 1345 h m ° oo: log sin 9.32582 II 46 a VI E' RB 18.8 82 26.7 re , 600588 5° 18.0 30.3 : —_———— 54 17-5 106 54.2 colog sin 0.66885 58 17.6 56.8 | log Cu -70295 II 52 a. 180 0= 0.0 log H 8.37180 A = 0.02354 LT: Deflector Distance Needle t M a = 7° 39'6 hm ° o or log sin p 9.12481 see at B E P, aa By YS T +0.00226 8 17.2 31.3 SSS 12 17.8 102 37.3 colog sin Fo 0.87293 16 17.8 50.3 log Cu 7.50441 o Io p. 17.5 0 = or log H 8.37734 Al = 0.02384 50 AKSEL S. STEEN. [2ND ARC, EXP. FRAM OBSERVATION OF VIBRATION. Magnet V or VI was hung by a silk fibre in the suspension-tube of the vibration-box, after its torsion had been, as far as possible, an- nulled by means of a torsion balance. The pointed end of the magnet moved during the vibrations over a linear scale, where the distance between the division marks was 2.22° in angular measurement. Every third time the point of the magnet passed the middle divi- sion on the scale, the moment was noted by the chronometer, from the ist to the 31st passage inclusive, and then ordinarily from the 61st to the 91st inclusive. Thus 11 determinations of the duration of 60 vibrations were obtained. In the period of repose, halfway between the two halves of the vibration series, the amplitude was read on each side of the central division on the scale, and the temperature from the ther- mometer in the vibration-box. The hour given in the table is the mean of the hours noted for the first and last passage of the magnet, reduced to local time. T = the observed time of vibration. A = the mean amplitude of the point of the magnet, from the middle division of the scale. the temperature read. logarithmic correction for the rate of the chronometer. = logarithmic correction for the arc of vibration. = correction to be added to log T for reduction to 0° C. according to formula (4), p. 29. As no torsion determinations were made, there has been no oppor- tunity of introducing any correction for torsion. | a gaa | dl TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 1898— 1902. 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EXP. FRAM AKSEL S. STEEN. g6EEo'0 sgesco'o 16zE0'0 b6zEo'0 QI FEo'0 orbfo'o 6gSEo'o LEEEo'o 9QEEo'0 €6EEo'o 6SSE0'0 ZESEo'o H soreS'g gl6zS'g zZeLis'g gl LiS'g oS€ES'g zLlzeS-g FooES'g ZeEzs'g goLzS-g QSoES'g ZEISS-g gogrS'g H 30 zbegt-o zbzgt-o zLgLl€é-o aLgLt-o obkegt'o sbzgE‘o zbzgt'o zbsgt'o zLgLlt-o zLgLlt-o sbzgf'o zbsgto en ro) O9ggl'g gLogi'g oggEI'g Fo6EI'g gorLlig ofoLi'g zgLg1'g o6091'g bEgri'g bgiSi'g o6ggi'g 99Sg1'g ®T Bojoo z to — gs — scr— gsr— oor — col — fol — c6 — g9gz— goc— III— €11— 2 1g — LE — Ths €g — 16 — se PI le — €r — tr — gl — tr — o Io 1 Io- Io Io- i 43 Tes Io- oo oo 2 2 - 0 99916°0 gSLi6‘o Loet6'0 Lgzt6'0 g9Si6'0 o1916'0 gSLi6‘0 SLg16'0 99826'0 z69z6'0 +g906'0 g+go6'0 L 80] oO ll ooO!l oe Il oO ll ow bi oe LI pols 98 St oo Ol 961 90 61 os OI ] dgQe doe dae aS‘h dee aS&s dOl age dgil dO'L doe dSgr a sotSa'g stiLeg sgtoS'g sgloS'g seS€e'g szbbo'g sorLe'g sgc6a'g seSghg sciShg s&690'g s$660°g I gi br oor ose oer oor oli Z'6% S-gz or OL oStr SOL GEE See oe1 Oet oLt ogi S-gz o'ge Ge o'9 Lr Sor SSE SSE SEL orr GSr oLi o'6e ge or ss oSt oor Gee G.e& oF Shr zg o'61 Lge gle o€ sc ocr Sol L°Eé Ses Ser SF gSI oLr o'6e “Le oe o's oS1 z'ol gee ore Err oSt oLt o'gl S'ge g'9c ge os Set Sol Se ere Shr oSr ool ogi C62 L-9z os os oSi Sor oFé ore L-br G-Sr oor Sgt 62 E-9z Sy S‘9 gsr o'ol E+E eSe Shr acl Z'gl eLi o'0€ v9% 6's fate) gSt Sol o be oSé L’vr. e-cr gol SLi S-ge o'9% or S‘9 csr g Zol g Cre g oS€ g Shr g oSi g ZOQIl 8 Sor g o'0€ 8g o'9e 8 ee 9 ol g s Ww s wl s ww Ss UI s uw s w s w s uw 6 Ww s UL s w s w 09 09 09 °9 tele) 09 09 09 09 09 09 09 ‘Iqta Jo Joquinyy A A 14 LA A A A A LA LIA A A yousey wido S$ -w'dib t+ cwdli 1 cw'do + ‘weS+ 6 ‘we6e 6 ‘wes 6 cwUesth gf wmeh rr ‘we Pbor ‘wm ‘eLIor ‘w‘vo or oul} [e207] wy wu tT wm w wm uw w wm w w wm y wu Y & + wreysporg ‘wory9 € + wreyspo1g ‘wor ayey Apreq pur y0[9 s 8 uueuneg “6¢ aunf ‘oo61 ‘uueuineg ‘gz ounf ‘oo6r JaAlasqQ pure azeq ‘pioly ouAeH ‘JT UORneIS 53 TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 1898 — 1902. No. 6.] oLzto'o Igzfo'o g9rto'o ggrfo'o 9S tEo'0 bLbo-o 9S FEo'o zgbfo'o s6EEo'0 SLEEo'o 16€E0'0 IgEEo'0 H “eShiS-g oF€1S°g orotS'g FrobsS'g Zoges'g zgorS-g 9SgES-g PEGES'g obo€S'g gzgeS'g gcoES'g to6zS'g 7 H 30 n sLgLe-o zLgLl&-o zbzgt'o sbsgt'o sbzgt'o zbegt'o zLgL€é-o sLgLt-o eLgLl&-o aLgLlé-o eLgLl€-o zLgLl&o got ogSEI'g gorerg gQgLlLi'g zLLLig ozgLi'g otgli-g $g6S1'g ZQOQI'g ggiSi'g $C6r1'g gS ISi'g e€oSi'g °7 Sooo z oof — Lo&— geI— ofr — 16I— 1g — 10a — tos — bSE— $SE— o1e— 6ge— 2 ee og — Eg — ab = sol— 6 — i io 61 — ir = gl — ot = Lr — oO zo oo oo oo oo oS € — ota € = Ge & = € — é LeS€6-0 = SEQEG:0 Loti6'0 bzE16'0 S1b16'0 €Li16'0 €€zz6'0 S61z6'0 06Lz6:0 96gz6'0 o$Lz6:0 €6Lc6'0 L 30 oe 1e 98 Ie 99 Te oe ee 98 0% oo hr o@ FI on FE on Pe on Fe of 2S 98 0% 1 qlar aSge aso’ aseh aos ast ave qe dSos dos aS6L dSo% FP scLeg’g sg9to'g sltoa'g sz6gi'g sEgoz'g sZ091'g s&zgb'g soSSE'g stoLtg sOl6t'g sSzgr'g sOILtg L zor Sue Ser 6°01 OT ork Lise o'ge L6¢ ole gle 6:9F eet L's EL gi rome) ose Gs o'gs S-6a ELe gle 99h 6-LE Q'SI Sor Lert Sg Lire S1e gle o'6e LLe gle 6'9F ge Sai Sir Osl a6 Sra Bis 8°8z 36a Sle gle bot IgE o'er er os 96 Liz ole S-gz €'6% o'ge €-gz L-ov Ege ger Grr ger L6 Lie 1 S-ga o'ge 8c GLP 6-LE Let bur Lez Oro ge ols Ege o'6e L'Lz Z'ge S-oF E-gE Zael Lr ger Sol gle Bie o'ge S-6e gle g'gc get lel Lrr Leet orl Ge S1e o'gs o-6e o'ge Sgz 69h eget OSI QL f€r Sol BE Sie S-ge gc o'ge g'ge Sot 6 b gE g SEI gl g oer g Lut B Sie 9g Gis g o'ge 8 S-6z g Ser g Lge 9 s uw s Ww s w s uw s uw s Ww s ul s w s Ww s ul s w s ul 39 09 - {ele} 09 09 09 09 fete) 09 09 09 09 ‘IqiA Jo Ioquinny LA lA A A A A LA IA lA TA LA lA yousey md’ g ‘u'dlLé S ‘wd6€ + mdb & wd Lh € |) w-des § mw ‘d6z S$ ‘ucder § ‘meoS 6 ‘me 6E 6 ‘weer 6 ‘ure gS g aul} [B07] w uw w yf w Y uw w Y w Y my w yf w w uw yf € + weyspolg ‘uolyD 9 + Weyspoly ‘woIyD oyey Apreg pue yop 8 s -‘uasypesy ‘Ez Ajnf ‘0061 ‘uueuneg ‘e Ajnf ‘oo6r JaAlasqg pue aeq ‘paofy eUAEH ‘[] WONRIS [2ND. ARC. EXP. FRAM AKSEL S. STEEN. o4 ggzto'o ESzaEoo €6cEo'0 oz1fo'o Igofo'o zSEEo'o oSEEo'0 goLEo'o 6LLEo-0 Li1€0'0 €s10'o 991€0'0 H Zeris-g ZéciS'g gSLis'g sav6rg zoget'g gfSz2S'g g6rzS'g +6g90S'g QELLS'g zLle6t-g ogt6t'g tSooS'g H 30 wl zbzgt'o zbagf'o zbcgt'o zLgLlt:o sLeLlf-o zLgLlt-o zLgLl&o zbsgt'o zbogt'o zLgLl&-o zLgL€‘o zbegt'o a: o61S1°g o066+1°g g1SSi'g oSS11'g 06601'g togti'g gzgti'g zSgoz'g roriag ooSI1'g ggSIi'g SIgei'g 47 Sojoo z 96 — £6 — 6g — gli— LLi-— Foe — 1逗 cer1— 6€1— Eos — L61— 6L — 2 6s — +6 — €L — 69 — 06 — 6s — ig 19 — fg — cp FoI— 88 — 0 2 = C= 2 zo oo r= | Ii =— LS C= Io- Io 0 zgSc6'0 $69c6'0 gotc6'0 aLbt6:0 +LLt6'0 ZEot6'0 oLot6:0 698680 gSt6g'o 66++t6:0 goSt6:0 zgzt6'0 LI 30] of 91 oo 91 oe St of et 99 eI oF Te 92 £% 98 Se 98 Se aes oo FI on et 4 aSge asPr qzah ait ago? dzge ass qo’ qore qgces aso's azg'h a sogzt'g sSISts sgS6E-g sLbog'g s%998'°8 sQLiS'g seSsS'g sS616°L s6t bg Lh sZOIQ'Q s€ZIQ'Q sLzgS'g Zt bbe o'9c fsa I'gh 61S ole S'0€ 6°ES oLb S-6F PLP ose Ste €-9% gca I'gh ers got grok L-+S bgt rgb bgt Hse Sze o'9z ge o-gh oS Lo€ bir oSS bgt S-6+ SLY HE L‘Sz S-9e ote 6Lb rs Sse ore $s oes €-gr bgr Ore o'9% S-9% eee rgb res 6-0€ E1€ L-+S boS $-6+ SLY 1'9% 6-92 €€a o-gh gis bre HIE oss SoS OLr 9eh SEE I'gz 6:96 abe I'gh GS:2S 6% Qe oss gos e6r 6'gr gee vSs ble obs a'gh res Qe gre o'9S res glt FOP abe Z'9s L-Le oSe S-gh Lees Boe ose oss ES 6-gt a'6h Sve 1'9z g S-ge oSe L-gb oS ree ese o9S 2S go Lb SoS bre s uw £62 g $Se g b6r g beS g Sse g ose g o9S L res L oer 8 EoS g ESE g s Ww s Ul s uw s w s wW s uw s UL s w s w s Ul s ul 09 09 fore) 09 09 09 09 09 {els} 09 09 09 ‘IqIA Jo raquinyy A A A IA IA IA LA A A LA LA A ; yousel weoS rr webct ‘weeS 11 ‘weebor me beor|-w'des o cuvoS ir me Serr we riSor/ -melS 6 ‘we ge 6 ‘wi vES g dull} [BIOT w w wu gq uw wm y wu wm um Yq w w U wu wm € + weyspoig ‘wo1y9 & 4+ weyspoig ‘woiy9 e + weysporg ‘uo1y9 ajyey Apreq pur ys0[9 s 8 s ‘uasyoesy ‘gz A[nf ‘oo6r ‘uasypesy ‘Se Ajnf ‘oo61 ‘uasyoesy “be Ajnf{ ‘0061 J2A1asqQ pue 21eq ‘piofy ouaey ‘TH voneygs 5d TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 1898 —1902. No. 6.] $iSzo'o €ESzo'o Sctco'o §=6 6 Ezo-0~— LE bZo'0 SStzo'o 11L€o0'o ESgEo'o €S1E0'0 zbiEo'o €ScEo'o EgEEo'o H otoot'g ogfot'g gLtgt-g o€gLE-g sc6ogE-g +006€'g $f60S'g bozoQS'g zLlg6r'g_ +1L6tg zze1S'g of6zS'g H 30 vf zbzgt'o ebegt'o zbzgE'0 = baQE°0 ~=— 00 S6E'0 o00S6E'o zbzgE-o zbcgt'o eLgL€-o zLgL&o zLgLl&o zbzgt'o 5 80] g6LEo-g grito-g bEcso'g = ggS10°"g) = z6166°L -oS66'L erLoz'g BEOOS'Y Q00z1°g zrgii'g oSSE1'g 8g99I'g °7 Bolo = to — oL — gor— i= Lte— ofs— ig = ol — obs — gie— gts — gs — 2 i= sce — gl — of — in = er-= tL — tg — tor— 6rr— oo = Lg — o oo so zo zo e- es — Zo aS eS zo oo 2 6 glzg6:0 = SEEG6'0 69066'0 6¢€66'0 cLgoorl €6¢00'1 +0g6g'o0 rS$106'0 QbEr6'0 gibré6o ErSE6'0 ELL16‘0 L 80] oO IL eel of 8! 9o'OI pe bi of Ot oO FI oF oO bI os st oo 91 oo Ol 7 azs a6'8 ach goles qes asl deeb qeor qso's avs gerry aSleé r sE119'°6 sgtzg'6 soggl’6 sz1Sg6 fg0QSI°OL = sG PILOT sSLo6'L sOrL6L sC6LLg sLE6L'g s€gig'g sebleg as S9E S-LE ooh o6 SL ges eLs gsr rLb S‘9€ S-9€ SLE o-9h o'6b S-g &9 oes eLs gsr gLlb S9& gst S-9€ SLE oLr o’oS $6 ob ots gls gsr ole S-9€ oSt S'9€ SLE - zor o-oS S-g S‘9 o+S HLS bob g Lr orgé 9°91 oLé CLE oLb ors oor ok rs SLs Sot oLb g'9F LSr S-9€ oLé a Lb ors 06 So ws L:LS Soh LLY wLE 6°91 SLE o'gé o'gh gas ool ol S+s orgs rLb EL+ oLé fo. oLé SLE SLY S31 06 ol SS 6'gS rlp o'gt Le PLY o'L€ SLE S-gh oeS O'or ol oss g'6S SL+ o'gh rL€ S91 Sof SLE o-gh ees S-6 S9 oSS 96S GLb OLY SLE SLr o'gE 6 L:g& 6 Sgt 6 SS 6 O°OI OL Sg of boS L 66S L veh g ogtr g L‘LE g oLi g s ut s Ur 8 ul s uw s uw s UI s uw s Ul s Ww s UL s uw s ul 09 09 09 09 09 09 09 09 09 09 09 09 “IQIA Jo Jaquinyy A A A A IA IA A A IA IA TA A yousey ‘mdSe + ‘wdg + ‘wd’ o wre Lb m‘eErir weLbor| wderS ‘ud bh m-eotor ‘wvocor ‘wee or ‘we lLb6 aut} [e007] wu wu wu wy w uw uw uw w yf wm w tf wu € + weyspo1y ‘wo1y9 € + wreyspoiy ‘wo1ys ayey Apreq pue yop s 8 ‘uueumneg ‘or Ajnf ‘1061 ‘uesyoesy “€ ysn8ny ‘oo6r JaAIasqQ pue s3Vq ‘paofy aseey ‘TT Yonkers ‘paoly ouaey TE WOES [2nD ARC. EXP. FRAM AKSEL S. STEEN. 56 S6€zo'o 9LEzo-o Sg€zo'o ootzo'o Lzgzo'0 = Lzgzo"0 g6Szoro L¥gzo-o Igtzo'o gLtzo'o LzSzo'o g1Szo0'0 i oF6LE'g o6SLE'g o6ELE-g broge'g eS61bg tggits oLbitg ogzehg FII6Eg 90r6E'g tScot'g oLoot'g H 30 W zbsgt'o sbzgl'o o00S6€'0 o0o0f6€'0 ooS6E'0 §=— 00S 6E 0 zbzgt'o zbzgE'o abag€'o zbegt'o oof6£'0 o00f6€'0 5 So] g6gI10'g grE1og o06gL6:L br1Sg6L eStzo-g = tgEzo'g gzcSo-g gtogo'g eLgzo'g bg1Eo'g +SLoo'g oLSoo'g 97 Bojoo z esI— eti— o1é— Ligé— 691 — ece— to — Ig — So — €L — gie— bSa— 2 61 — 1g — th — Sorl— Lo — gs — tL — 19 — es — es — 1g — 61 — o oo oo 2 = a= 2 oo oo oo eo oo es = So 6 +6266'0 1gh66'0 LIPIO'I boLIO'I Z1066'0 = 16066'0 9eSL6'0 Sz1L6'0 $g9g6'0 g1Sg6'o $Lg66'0 06666'0 L 30 Ole ole 9% Se of 8S 5O'el oP OI oO II OPI oe Il of eI on st 5° SI } qSv'e age ave qos dSor age qsor qo’ age gre dge awe a sggeg'6 sZIQg’6 sco€Eor = sLiLzeo1 sOSLL‘6 sgz6L'6 storr6 sS6SE6 sStoL'6 sobgg'6 sor L6°6 sLL66°6 E o-0S See oroe Shr ob S:9c Sos S:ob ols S-L¢ S-gh o'oS LS Perr Seb Sb gSe L61 Sob ols S:gs ors ores 0a er S:Sb oLb o'9% Soa or SLs S-gS ger gros oLi or ocr E-gt - o9G ooze Sob S-LS S-6¢ o-oS Ges Soe ool ooh SLY Soc Cre Sh S-6€ S:LS S-6S 6 S-6F S-eS 8st gsr zor gor S:9z Loz Sb S-6£ orgs oo gos obs ore Sol oLr o'gt L'9e Bie Sor C-6E o-gS oMe) o-0S Bes L61 For ELF o'gh ale Ose oth zor 06S Or org L+S ip LLt o'er 6b gle ote Seb S6€ 06S 6 OL S-1S 0.+S Loz SLI Sgr L-gh SLs L‘€z ohh ooh oro Sr S2S 6 ecs 6 See o1 Sgr o1 o'6h 6 zoS 6 o'gz 6 She 6 orb 6 Lob 6 So or Sr o1 s ww s Ul s tw s uw s mw Ss wu s uw s uw s uw s w s UW s uw 09 09 09 09 09 09 09 09 09 09 09 09 “IQA Jo Jaquinyy A A IA IA IA IA A A A A IA IA youseyl ‘Ue SS Ir mehr ‘weceor ‘we Eror|-wdoS + ‘wd +e > ‘wdgh € ‘w-do€ € ‘wvob r1-we psi wee pS or ‘we cor aully [e0T la uw tf wu w wu yy w w wu wm uw u uw € + weysporj ‘wos s y+ wreyspory ‘uory9 Ss ayey Ape pur yop “uueWUIneg ‘el A[n{ ‘1061 ‘uusuneg ‘rr Ant ‘IO61 JaArasqgQ pue ajeq ‘paofy aseey ‘HE woreyg 57 TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 1898— 1902. No. 6.] Io€zZo'0 LS€zoro Sg1zo'o zeSico'o So€zo'o 66z2z0'0 062c0'0 gi€zo'o SLSzo'o 6LSzo'o O19z0'0 $6Szo'o H 96196'g obzLé-g grSeée-g ogeSé'g ogz9t'g ogi9f'g +g6SE'g zgroe'g tgort'g obiit'g 9991F'g giritbg H 30 ue gIeoto greobo oo0S6E'0 o00S6E'0 gIeot'o giéot'o o0S6€'0 o00S6€'o sbegt'o zbzgf'o o0o0S6E'0 o00S6E'0 5 80] glese-L 2c696'L gtoté:L ogLle6'L eh6S6:L ebgse'L bgroe'L zg696'L ztgto'g oo06to'g 99150'g gI610'g °Z Sojoo z 6h gl — obe— cee bri— oll— L1E— vet=— oL — 65. — bos — gic— z v1 — os 66 — i — tL — Lg — 6h — Lg — ZorI— 6it= 6h == i= o oC oo co Co oo Co oo So oc Co oo So 0 QSIZo'1L oggiIo'L LSzEor1 96€Eo'r 61zZ0'1 glzzorr QSIZO'L sLgio'1 ESLL6-0 oFLL6-o Z1e66'0 Z€E66'0 L 30, of et oO SI ook oop os OL oo 61 of oe 90'S oP el oS II on PL of St Fi dO'l aSae de aoe asey ag? aSve aoe qos avs ash aSi'h PF so6oSor §=sS6gEor §=shglLor = sEE1goI |j ssbeSor sSgES-or sbroSor = sSobb-or sgS6r6 sOE6F'6 30zg'6 sSLbg6 L o'6e oes othr g lr B'Qs G'0€ GLa Giza o'ge SLY o6r ore OSE Sob S64 o'ge L-o€ £-6c BSS L-gz Le E-gh o'6h S-gz ots L:bh a'gh € 62 Sof S-ge SEs S'gQe o'gz LL¥ o'oS org SoS o'Lt o'6r £62 got g'0€ oSe £66 S-gc o'6h o°o0S S-gz ote ocr Sgt giot PIE o'0€ S-9% 0°66 S-gze S-gh ors ozé gee ge lr S64 ore ge ore SLe g'6z S62 S64 SoS 6c &€a ogth Se ost €:0€ S-gz oof o'0€ o'6h our ose gfe ogy s6r Lee SE 6:0€ S-gz Sof Sof oroS ors S-o€ Shs o'Ly Sgr L€€ sos o'6¢ o1€ o1’e o'oS Ses See Gbe o'6r v6r o'Sé o'sé Gre o'6a oie ore gros oes L'1€ o1 o'Sze Or L'Lb o1 o'6F o1 L‘L€ o1 gge or €1€ o: $°6z O1 Sr 6 “Te 6 oS 6 ots 6 s uw s uw s uw s Ww s uw s w 8s uw s uw s uw s uw s w s uw 09 09 °9 ©9 99 ©9 99 09 09 °9 09 09 ‘IqlA Jo Jequiny A A IA IA A A IA IA A A IA IA yousey ‘a‘dgzo ‘w'dLo ‘wgoror ‘we€S6 |-megror wevi€or ‘me bS6 ‘we e€6 | -w-d6h € m'di€ € wm-dlp>s wmdi€s aul} [e007 uw wy wu uw wm wu uw w wu wu Y wu | wu yf € + weyspo1y ‘uoiy € + wreyspor1y ‘wory9 € + ‘weysporg ‘wo1ys ayey Ajmeq pue xpo[p 8 8 s ‘uueuneg ‘9 oun{ ‘Zo61 ‘uusuneg ‘S$ ounf ‘zo6r uuvumeg ‘er Ainf ‘1061 JaAlasqgQ pure azeq ‘piofy aseey ‘AT wONeIS ‘profy aseexy ‘]]] w0WeIS [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM AKSEL S. STEEN. 58 oStzo'o ebbzo-o SEbzo-o 06Ezo'0 Letzo'o oSEzo-o Stbzo'o 1ebhzo'o bSEzo'o SSEzoo A b16gE-g LLLg&-g oSogé'g otglég gorges zo1L€g bzgge'g F6EQEg tgiL&-g zozL€-g H 30] wv ooS6€'0 ooS6€'0 ooS6€'0 ooS6€'o o0oS6E-o oo0f6E'0 ooS6€'o ooS6E'0 gieot-o gi€ot-o 5 30] PIPOG'L gLz66'L oS 166°L ob€g6'L g66g6°L sogL6:L bz866'L $6gg6°L 99896°L $ggq6'L °7 Sooo @ 691 — gli— ogi— Ibi— isi 691 — zSi— gri— of = es = 2 So — Se1— Sg1— [og = ZoI— Zgi— L6 — IgI— tra— z€i— 9 zo zo zo zo zo 5 zo zo zo oS 0 6zS00'1 €ggQ00'1 zsLLoor gEoro'1r 9SLoor1 s€Siovr 6gSoo'r bogoo'r oFLio'1 oSLior L 30] ool of et 9821 Ol oL'Or oe! og Ol of OL oP OL ool 4 qo'h ass aS&9 aor qos ae&9 asg'h ashes aseas als r sSSZI'O1 sLESr‘or sc6LI‘or sochs'o1 sSSLr‘or sO6SE'o1 sSQEI‘OL sLI6I‘or sggoror sSIIP‘O1 WA ol 69 +6 gb Zor S61 BL 66 oe ots GL 06 S-6 oS1 Sor ooze SL ote gZe ih gl For L+br 66 Soe SL O'ol gts gta SL z'6 66 ost €-o1 6:0¢ gl Lor Ete ge ol S'or obi o‘or 6:06 og Ovll Shs obs wL 96 G11 Shr bor giz og OIL gta She rl 6g Or tbr Ql gis £9 Pa gba oSe SL ool oir go br Olr wae Sg Osl ete rSe SL 9°6 QI oPr ZO G-ze Lg Sex S:Se I'9e gl orl Sri orr SII o1 ee r'6 oer oe S-9e PL or Fol oI OSI OL Ev o1 s Ww fe or €6 oL PEI OF ZQS OI oLz o1 S UL s uw s uw Ss uw s w s uw s ur s uw s w °9 29 99 09 99 09 09 29. 09 °9 IqIA. JO ASquny IA IA Ld IA IA IA IA IA A a youseyy ‘ud tbh cz widle ze ‘w-dor ez ue cS 6 ‘ue be 6 ‘ue br 6 tm-doh € cwd€s € cu-dthe widlez oul} [LOOT uw oY w Y wm wa wu uw oY wm w uy Ww y € + weyspory ‘uoiy € + weyspo1g ‘uoiys ayey Apreq pue yoo 8 s ‘uuvuneg ‘II aunf ‘co6r ‘uuvumMeg “g ounf ‘co6r JVA1IsqQ pue 33eq ‘poly oseey “AT uOT}EIS TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 1898— 1902. No. 6.] SEEzo'o Z€Ezo'o zLzco'o 6Szso'o0 gcEzo'o gI€zo'o ggzco'o zLzzo'o 1obzo'o o1bzo-o o00Sco'o 9ghzo-o H beggE-g ggLloeg obgSE'g POESE'g goLg&'g ogtgf'g tr6SE'g oS9SE'g oFogt'g gozgt'g g6L6E'g gSS6E-g H 30 n gitot-o gieot'o gIcot‘o gicot'o giforo gItot-o gieot-o gicot‘o o00S6E'0 o00S6€-o ooS6E'o o0S6€'o 5 Bo] goS96'L = oStg6*L = wzES6'L = QLoS6"L ggt96-L co196L gzQS6L cEESE-L obSg6-L golg6-L g6co0'g gSoo0'g °L Bofoo z 1g — im — Le — LY to — €9 — 1g — ee gis— Scs— I1e— tos— x es — Sg -- Sh — Ig — 6s — zl — gr — of — sg — 69 — Ly — mb — 0 eo oS ee & — € — € — & — eg = Zo oo zo Zo 6 PSgIo'r P6gio'r bEbzorr ELSzorr Z€61o'1 LSozor1 61€zo'r gghzo'r Soo1o'r oF600°1 IIIOO'L grzoo'1 L 80] 088 038 o°'8 xs) soll 980! oO PI of 1 os SI 08 SI oo SI oo PI 7 age qor qse'€ go’ aSge qer aSve ase aSgé aur ave aSuv Vv sfgEbor sgStbor sSgLS‘or gszorg‘o1 sghStor soSgbor sggrS'or = satgS‘or sorEzor slgizor SSzoor _ s@LSovor rt Se 9'9e L‘€€ 9Sé 9°92 gle res gee o'rr PEr br Pe oSe Z9e Se E'9f Soe gle Ssé bE S*E1 6E1 Gr fe g'Sz bos ove 6SE g'9e S-gze GS-zé are Ler oer er Be 6Se Toe Sve bof 69% b-gz gat gté Ubr PEL orn oF 6Se Lge E+E bof Le 8°gz Leé bre ger 6sI S-z ae o'9z E-9e L+é 9'9f ole 06% — Oat asé Perr Ser sé S92 ole Ere L‘9€ gle b-6e Ose ase Ger QsI Gr SE S-9% 39% g Fé rele ble L6z ree gsé Shr oer QI bE g'9z E-Le gbé ele 6-Le or0€ SEE Ose obr ge Gr of ole ELe GSE ole LLe Z'0€ gE IgE brr ger 61 Ls S:Le o1 gle or HSE o1 €-L€ o1 ge o1 Sof o1 6'EE o1 E-9€ o1 I'FI O§ Q’sI OL QI o1 OE o1 s w s UL s ww s uw s w s w s uw sw | s w s w s Ww S UL °9 09 09 09) 9 99 °9 09 °9 °9 09 09 “AqIA Jo Jaquinyy A A A A A A A A IA IA IA IA jouse yy ‘ud gt z ‘ucdgi z ‘me gt 6 ‘me 6r 6 | urder € ‘ud €S c ‘uveS 6 ‘uvo€ 6 j‘wdo€ c ‘dir s ‘we 6E 6 ‘w-eos 6 aul} [vI0T uw uw uw uw Uf wu w w ow w wu w uw uw oy : 9 + wWeysporg ‘uolyy $ + weyspo1y ‘uo1y9 € + weyspor ‘uoiys ayey Apeq pure yop 8 s Lett a tae gett A ee oS ee ‘uueumeg ‘hr ounf ‘Zo6r1 ‘uuvuneg ‘Er sunf ‘co61 ‘uuvuineg ‘eI aunf ‘co6r JaAlasqQ pue azeq ‘paoly osrey ‘AT YONEIS [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM AKSEL S. STEEN. 60 bbrEzo'o oSEzo'o E1bzo0'o 1itzo’o €Etco-o ggtzco'0 go0€zo'o $6zz0'0 | oL€zo'o g9EZo'O 69zz0'0 tLzzo'o iT oooLE'g br11Lt-g tlageg gesgt'g STOQE'S ofbL€-g 9gzg9E'g 9909£'g | gLbLt-g ; of bLE-g ggSStg 9g9SE'g H 30 eo Ree gItoto gieoto o00f6€'0 ooS6E'0 ooS6£'0 o00S6€-0 gitoto gieoto | o0S6E'o o00S6E'0 gicot‘o gi€ot'o ot, zggq6'L g6L96'L FSLQ6°L gzLg6'L ec166'L of6L6:L gg6S6'L grLS6-L QL6L6°L o€6L6-L oLcS6L ggtce-L °7 B0[09 & €L — 6L — 6g1— 691— €gi— Egr— gL — gl — | 691 — ggrI— 6s — gs — 2 So — Ik — el — Lo — Lo — LS — i — eh — 19 — ts — f9 — rs = 9 I+ I + aa T+ I +4 es I+ Loot ee Ss ean & — 3 g6Lior TeLiov1 Eggoo'r eLgoo'r gggoo'!l PLzIo'L ebico'r $rozo'L Crsro'l Egzio'l z6rco'l 1EFsoO'1 ZL 30 on et os EI on et eel oO SI oO EI oO EI (ost oO'SI OI oS IL 9O'OL 2 dor ave qev qcor qsor aSle ase geve qo’ qslé aor aSoe F sfzcbor sEbobor sgSozor sleocotr sl6gi‘01 sLL6cor sLSoS-or = sE0ES 01 sLo6z‘o1 soS6z'0I = sS06S'or = sgSLG-o1r Ee oSe 6-€e gir Ql 66 L'gt or gel 6LI gli a: Bee ose SEs ler QL I'ol oly ore Ger o’gi LLt Lv g€E gre Gea Ler ool Why Zoe eer gli gre abe Se Lee Ger o's OroL gli grok S€1 SLr gli L¥€ Sve aGe ote bor eer o'ol SL1 oro€ L€r ULt gLt ESE SE €Se ibe Gar fer I'OL o'gt S0€ L€r PLr obi ase SE L‘Se bbe Gor Cre O'or 6'6c 6Er eLy gli L'S€ SE gsc bebe Sor Gor gi br eLr gLlt gst L+E LS oSe Sor Sor ool gr o'0€ L'br oLt L*Li a'9gE ESE 09% oSz Leer Sor gor ger oof oSt o'gt bof LS€ S'QS OL $Cs or Qiel O1 BSI OL 6°01 OT I‘6I OT oof oO: oSr 11 Li o1 gli ot L‘g& or SSE o1 s wl s uw s uw s uw s wt s ul s ul s Ww s UL s uw s ul s uw 09 09 09 29 99 09 09 ¥9 09 09 29 99 “IqIA jo Jaquin\y A A LA LA LA LA A A lA IA A A youseyy udSt go ‘wedge g ‘weds 9 ‘width SC meoror we gS 6 ‘me r€ 6 ‘m-vor 6 | weg or We Lror ‘w'e€b 6 ‘ue be 6 ow [e007 w uw w ww uw wu uO wu uw Uf wm wu w Y I — weyspoiq ‘wo1y9 | S$ + weyspolyq ‘uo1y9 ayey Apreq pue yoo] s s uueuneg ‘os sunt ‘e061 ‘uuvumneg ‘ol aunf *co61 JaAtosqQ pue aeq ‘paofy aseexy “AT WOTEIS 61 TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 1898— 1902. No. 6.] g6zz0'0 to€zo'o g6zczo'o' ggzco'o Lotzo'o 1Sbzo'o bbbzo'o ottzo'o €ebzo'o S6Ezo'0 o1€zo'0 66zz0'0 H t609£'g gSzgt'g oFrg€'g gr6Se-g ZIc6E'g = ga 6gQEg Zogge’g zbLgt-g Zerge'g zz6Le-g 9QSEQE'Q PSI9E'g H 30 W gitoto gieoto oo0S6E'0 o0S6E'0 gIeoto gIeot‘o o0S6E'0 o00S6€'o o0S6E'0 o0S6E'o gieoto gIcoto Ewes. QLLS6'L oF6S6'L obgg6'L grboo-L $6gg6'L gogg6'L Zot66'L obc66'L s€6g6'L sabgeL geog6:L gEgS6'L 97 Bojoo z 66 — oor— $Sa— athe— LL — gl — 691 — 99I— €gi— ogi— 89 — to — 2 es — oo = ao 6L — Lg — 6b = $6 — 19 — bg == olL — oL — to = ‘o I+ I+ I+ Io+ fo} ° ° fe} ° ° ° ° 6 Egzzo'1 Lgizor1 F66I0'1 960z0'1 giLoo'l ISgoo'r E1g00'1 gogoo'l Fogoo'l Ibolo'! 611Z0'1 I1ZZo'l ZL 30, bt ow bl oo Bt oe LI ow EI oO EI oOS1 o@ II oO EL 9821 ob Il oO LL 1 age age aoe avy ag? ary ag? aot ag? qey aS? qov F sgvESor gslo1S‘or sl6gho1 = sEP6F'OL sEggt‘or sog6r‘or gezbror §=sSovror = goLgtor = sLebzo1 = s000S01 = guezS‘or L gic ost BOS 1'6z 06 G11 LL cae} oror Slr o'6e S:0€ S*0€ S-0€ L-9z oof S‘6 Qir rh Sg bor o°6e g'0f I'ae ea g'9% 8'8z €6 Sur SL og For ovr €-6e 6:08 ere g'0f ele L*6z L6 Orel gl oe gol 6+I £-6% ore res ore ale o'6z 96 Ql I'g ol 6-or L+r L6ze fre Lie got o'ge L-6e POL Osr hats) &g Gaur oSr g'6e rr 6c re Ege o'6e oO'oL 68 og PLY L-vt bof e148 oct Loe Z'6d o'o0& Sor I'el 06 L-g I'l Sr E08 wre ores 6'0€ L-6z g'6e Fol Osl £6 sg Sar grr ore ge bet ole bot Gok Or Sel L‘6 o6 grr o1e eet o'€€ o1 gioe or €-0€ o: Sof of L'or or SSI OL O'OI OL 26 OL bSI O1 Ev o1 L°ré o1 bE o1 s w s w s uw s Ww s w 8 Ul s Uw 8 ul s ul s uw s w s w 09 09 09 09 09 99 °9 09 09 09 og 09 SIQIA JO JaqUINy A A LA IA A A 1A IA TA tA A A yousey ‘w-erpor ‘uescor ‘welr 6 ‘megs 6 | ‘wdgr g ‘wide g ‘wid bE S wedli S cme LSor ‘ue 6€or ‘me lS 6 ‘wv LE 6 aul} [200°T wm y w w w w wu wu Uf uw Y uw w oY wu w : I — weyspo1g ‘wo1yd o weyspoly ‘wo14d ayey Apreg pur x09 s mets s ‘uueuneg ‘of ounf Zo61 ‘uueuneg ‘Se sunf ‘zo6r1 JaArasqQ pus seq ‘paoly ISEB ‘AT UOIIEIS [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM AKSEL S. STEEN. ESbzo-o tbrzo'o Eebso'o zobso'o SStcoo ortco'o SLEzo'o SLEzo'o Litzoo gobzo’o 16€zo0'0 69€zo'0 H 996gE'g coggt'g QEtge-g zgogt'g g66gE'g oozgt'g oLSLE-g goSL&-g gcbgt-g ZsIge'g oSgLég gSPLle-g H 30 wv o0f6E'0 = 00S 6 Eo gi€obo gIeot‘o gieoto gIeot-o o0o0S6E'0 o00S6E'0 ooS6E'o ooS6E'o gIeoto gifot'o a 99t66°L zol66'L gligé'L PRLLOL ogggé'L zggl6L oLogé'L ggog6'L gzggé'L ezggo'L ZeSLloL oF 1 L6'L ®T Bojoo z 196 — 9Se— Sor— Sor— Sor— Sor— Lee— 1bo— bLe— age — S1r— eII— 2 €6 — gr — 06 — L6 — 16 — So — 19g — Lg — gol — ib — €g — 19 — o I— Io-— Io- Io Io— tS Io = Tae I+ 5 Oa soa oa 3 ZZQOO'L eSgoo'r = =LErIo'IL I€€IO'L LSgoort Lacio'L bLeior S6zI1o'r 9€600'1 IFoOIo'r I€FIoO'1I ZOQIO'I L Soy Sgr Sgt I'gl ogi I'gl o'gI SL1 Ubi S61 0°0G gor fOr 1 Q fe) aslb ashe aSoh ase? qLy qorh aoe ao? ase qsuh ase gore P stbhror seIStor sESgzor §=sEIIE‘OI §=6ge661‘o1 §=. sSggz’or = gLLOz°01 ~— sLe0€ 01 sglizor gsleveor s0S€Eor sgSLE-o1 L LL Sg SSr gli S11 ZOL b-gr gli Ger Grr 60% giz a8 68 oS gli S'rt Lot Sgr LLt gel SFI g°61 Sis gl 338 LSi Sgr Leir 9°91 Ig PLT oor Sor gioe Ess rg 88 gS org QL I'gl gli Ger Grr GS-61 ols I'g 38 g°St €-gr Qui o'Lt gli gli oer boa gcse Sg 26 6S1 Sgr oer Lt OL Og rr Shr 61 les Lg I'Qt 6'g1 oer oLi L°Lr ogi rer ovr E-0a Ges z6 26 Or 6'gI rei SLi GLI S*gI g br S61 Sas £6 a6 161 o'er LeLi SLr sgl 6Er gr Z'0G L‘€s S-6 S°6 Lgl 6°61 Gar gli LL o'61 Ler ot Z'0s Ose g’6 o1 g'6 or Q'OIl OL €-0e OL Q’GI Ol €gi O1 GLI o1 s'61 O1 Ihr Or L‘yr or I'oe OL abe O1 s uw s uw 8 uw Ss ul s UL s uw s Ww s Ww s Ww s w s uw s ul 99 99 09 °9 09 09 99 99 09 °9 29 909 ‘Aqia jo Joquinyy 1A LA A A A A IA TA lA LA A A yousey] tudoS cs cmd t€ e cwdir es ‘wm'dSS 1 wee 6cor ‘weiror ‘wmvor 6 ‘wees 6|-mdlo € wm-doh € widgo € ‘udgre auity [e0T w wm oy wm w wu wu wu wu wu | w wm uw @ + weyspory ‘uoiys I — weyspo1g ‘wo1y9 ayey Apreq pue yop s 8 ‘uueuineg ‘Ir Ajn{ ‘co61 uuvuneg o€ ounf ‘zo61 JaAriasqQ pur a3eq ‘profy oseey “Al UOEIS 1898— 1902. No. 6.] TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 63 SUMMARY OF THE RESULTS. In the following table of the values of H, deduced separately from vibrations and from deflections, and expressed in y (y = 0.00001 c. g. s.), it will be seen that there are several considerable discrepancies between the two. This is also natural enough when the various circumstances that may have influenced the accuracy of the results calculated, are taken into consideration. Among these may be mentioned (1) The inconstant magnetic conditions peculiar to the regions sur- rounding the magnetic pole, of which, owing to the want of variation instruments, it was impossible to take account. (2) The effect of the daily range of the horizontal intensity, which in these regions in the summer may be assumed to be very con- siderable. (3) The unsatisfactory conditions of temperature prevailing while the observations were being made. (4) The absence of determinations of the torsion of the suspension thread during the vibration observations. This want makes itself especially felt in the regions about the magnetic pole, where the directing force of the vibration magnet is so small. (5) The somewhat considerable changes that are proved to have taken place in the magnetic moment of the two deflectors during the Ex- pedition. Although there is certainly every reason to assume that the deflec- tion observations made in high magnetic latitudes give more reliable values for the horizontal intensity than the vibration obervations, yet, in consideration of the far larger number of the latter in the present in- stance, I have calculated the mean value of H for every day of obser- vation according to the formula where Hy and Hp are the mean of all the single values of the hori- zontal intensity found that day by respectively vibration and deflection observations. . The final value of H will then be the mean of the values that magnets V and VI give, if both magnets have been used on the same day. [2ND ARG, EXP. FRAM 4255 4258 4235 4169 4182 4115 4149 4149 Defl. 3330 3169 64. AKSEL S. STEEN. Station Ia. Date Ev: Magn Vibr. hm 1899. May 30. Io 56 a.m. Ee II 40 VI o 26 p.m Vv 4 10 » 4072 39 VI 401L Station Ib. 1899. June 5. Io 20 a.m. VI II 4 Vv 44 » 58 p.m. VI 3804 14 » 3815 35 Vv 3903 a0 » 3934 — 8 Io 54 a.m V II 47 » o 23 p.m VI 3 28 Vv 3876 48 VI 3831 = 5 9 19 a.m r 3792 35 » 3786 Io 59 » Ir 38 » o 46 p.m » 3743 Io » 3761 Station II. Date L.T. Magn Vibr. hm . rgoo.' June 28. 10 oam. ie 3532 17 » 3559 44 VI 3393 Il 4 » 3366 — 29. 8 42 am Vv 3337 9 2 » 3389 29 » 3410 45 » 3416 IO 45 » o rpm » 4 0 VI 3294 17 » 3291 41 V 3382 5° " 3396 H 0.04129 0.04055 0.04092 A 0.04082 0.04032 0.04057 H 0.04026 0.04003 0.04015 0.03960 yee 0.03359 0.83337 Mean 0.03348 1898— 1902. No. 6.] TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 65 Date tgoo. July 2. August 3. o © pie) It Io II Ak WO Magn. m VI » » » m. y VI » » V m Vv » VI m Vv » » VI y m Vv VI > m VI V » » VI .m. » m Vv VI » » V » » .m. » Vi m V VI » » » m Vv 3456 3468 3468 3261 327° 3166 3123 3Il7 3719 3706 335° 3352 3081 3120 3293 3253 3268 3383 3253 3142 3153 3653 3711 Defl. 3224 3244 3339 3291 3227 3215, 3169 3259 3342 3198 3296 3343 3256 H 0.03349 0.03327 Mean Mean Mean Mean Mean 0.03338 H 0.03315 0.03210 0.03263 H 0.03456 0.03283 0.03369 H 0.032590 0.03210 0.03230 ed H 0.03419 0.03263 0.03341 Igol. 1902. Station III. Date July 10. a h Io Ir - NF O ade) Il Io II Station IV. Date June 5. Bdge) T. 53 a.m. 7 p.m. AKSEL S. STEEN. Magn Vibr. VI 2455 » 2437 V 2389 > 2425 » VI a 2533 > 2514 VI 2516 > 2527 V 2478 » 2461 VI V » 2647 » 2598 VI 2621 » 2627 VI 2400 > 2365 V 2376 » 2395, » VI » 2595 » 2610 V 2579 > 2575 Magn Vibr. VI 2316 » 2290 V 2209 » 2305 VI 2152 » 2165 Vv 2357 » 2301 » 2355, » 2354 VI 2421 > 2445 [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Defl. Magn. A V 0.02491 VI 0.02455 Mean 0.02473 2517 —— 2465 Magn. A . V 0.02606 259 VI 0.0258. 2666 oe Mean 0.02595 Magn. H V 0.02492 2504 VI 0.02482 2472 Mean 0.02487 Defl. Magn. wea Vv 0.02302 VI 0.02303 Mean 0.02303, Magn. At V 0.02342 VI 0.02296 Mean 0.02319 1898— 1902. No. 6.] TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. H Date L.T; Magn. Vibr. Defl. h m I9g02. June 11. 9 14 a.m. VI 2350 34 » 2427 Magn. A 52 » 2391 VI 0.02365 It II » 2356 o 3I p.m. > 2270 2 10 » 2435 27 » 2442 44 » 2450 — 12 9 20 am VI 2486 39 > 2500 10 39 » 2211 Magn. A Il 45 » 2356 VI 0.02366 211 p.m. » 2410 30 » 2401 — 13 9 30 a.m. V 2272 53 » 2288 II 37 > 2296 Magn. eu ° 49 p.m. » 2378 Vv 0.02319 53 » 2316 12 » 2328 — 114 9 19 a.m. V 2259 38 » 2272 IO 43 » 2431 Magn. AH o I p.m. > 2351 V 0.02346 2 18 » 2332 48 » 2335 — 16 9 24 a.m. Vv 2274 Mind, Ps a : =e V 0.02314. Io 17 VI 2368 7 eisanke 36 » 2370 uae: II 50 » 2369 Mean 0.02341 © 40 p.m. V 2357 — 20. 9 Io am. V 2294 31 » 2306 58 VI 2368 a 38 : ass Magn. A ae ne “ei? Vv 0.02347 117 pm. VI 2377 a Bex 3 37 » 2367 ss Seo 4 44 V 2369 Mean 0.02360 5 44 VI 2411 6 2 » 2413 28 V 2350 44 » 2344 68 AKSEL S. STEEN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM H Date | ea Magn. Vibr. Defl. h m 1902. June 25. 9 37 a.m. V 22909 57 » 2310 Magn. H 10 39 VI 2305 Vv 0.02379 57 » 2423 VI 0.02411 o Ir p.m. V 2373 Mes cusaaos I 16 VI 2380 3 20 » 2412 4 19 Vv 23717 5 17 VI 2440 34 » 2444 6 2 V 2451 18 » 2467 — 30. 9 28 am. VI 2288 48 > 2298 Io 22 V 2304 aan Magn. A isp: 2322 " 0.02362 =f _ 2389 VI 0.02361 © 35 p.m. » 2350 58 V 2370 Mean 0.02362 2 48 » 2369 3 6 » 2391 40 VI 2406 57 » 2417 July 1. 9 23 am. VI 2375 40 » 2375 Io II V 2410 29 , 2455 Il 5 . 2417 Magn. Pad 25 Vr 2428 V 0.02412 52 ‘ 2984 VI 0.02402 © Io p.m. V 2384 Mean 0.02407 f55 » 2402 211 » a423 34 VI 2444 5° » 2453 1898—1902, No. 6.] TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 69 D. INCLINATION. As I mentioned in the Introduction, the Fox circle belonging to the Neumayer apparatus was the only means for the determination of inclination that the Expedition possessed. There were two needles with it, only one of which, that indicated by the letter B, was in a condition to be used. It was the needle that was principally used during the first Fram Expedition. After the meridian reading of the horizontal circle had been deter- mined in the usual manner by four settings in the magnetic prime ver- tical, three or four settings and readings were made of the north and south ends of the needle in both positions of the instruments, “circle E” and “circle W”. The same observations were then generally repeated with the needle reversed in its bearings, that is to say, the one time with the marked side of the needle outwards, and the other time with the marked side inwards. I have called the two positions of the needle respectively B, and B,. Previous to a direct determination of the inclination such as this, an indirect determination would also often be made by the aid of the deflectors belonging to the apparatus. ’ The alhidade on the back of the vertical circle, with one deflector screwed in, was first adjusted with its zero-point at that point of the limb answering to (I’ — 30°), when J’ stands for the mean of the inclination readings, which had previously been obtained with the free needle in the same position of the instrument, B, or B,, “circle E” or “circle W”. When the north and south ends of the deflected needle had been sighted and read three or four times, the alhidade and deflector were moved across to the position (Z’ + 30°), whereupon corresponding sights and readings of the needle, now deflected to the other side, were made. In this way, a new value of J’ was obtained for each position of the instrument, being the mean of the readings made with the deflected needle. 70 AKSEL S. STEEN. |QnD ARC. EXP. FRAM THE INDEX-ERROR. As the inclination needle, B, was also intended for determinations of intensity, it was never remagnetised. In consequence of this, the inclination values found had to be corrected for the index-error of the needle. If we call the value of the inclination observed with the Fox circle J’, the true inclination J, and the index-error 4, we obtain I=r4+a4 For the determination of 4, I have on a formerjoccasion! educed the following formula: pcos(I' + a) cos I’ 4= Atos’ +a)sin’ sn (5) in which H is the horizontal intensity, J’ the observed inclination, and and «@ two constants. From the observations made in Hamburg in 1893, and Wilhelms- haven in 1897, and during the first Fram Expedition in the winter of 1893—94, I found, for needle B, p=—61.5' and a= 209°33' Since then there has been no opportunity of verifying these values, as no determinations of intensity were made with the apparatus during the second Fram Expedition; nor was the needle B used by Captain AmunbsEN in his inclination observations made at Potsdam with the Fox circle in December, 1902, when a new needle made by Dover was used. I have therefore, as an experiment, employed the above value of p and «a, and calculated a mean value of 4 for each of the four stations, inserting in formula (5) the mean values for H and J’ deduced from the observations for each separate station. The result of this calcula- tion was as follows: Station H I 4 I I 0.0406 86° 0’ — 56’ 85° 4’ II 0.0332 87 1 — 57 86 4 II 0.0252 87 41 — 67 86 34 IV 0.0235 87 53 — 68 86 45 The values thus found for the absolute inclination J, can scarcely be correct, however; for if we calculate the total intensity, W, for each station according to the formula ‘ Nansen Expedition. T. M. p. 184. 1898 — 1902, No. 6.| TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 71 A be cos I’ we obtain Station Ww I 0.472 a] 0.482 Ill 0.421 IV 0.415 These values are manifestly too low. The total intensity at the places in question must be assumed to have a value of about 0.6 c. g. s., or more. That the error cannot originate from the values for the horizontal intensity, is evident from the fact that if H is calculated with W=0.6 and the corrected values of J, H is found to be from 800 y to 1100 greater than the mean value observed. It must therefore be assumed that the values of 4 calculated ac- cording to the formula (5), are much too high, which again may be accounted for by the fact that the constant p, which is dependent upon the magnetic moment of the inclination needle, has changed its value. No very great degree of accuracy, moreover, can be attributed to the above-mentioned determination of p and a. Under these circumstances I have found it absolutely impossible to set down any reasonable value for the index-error in the present in- stance, and have therefore had to content myself with giving the ob- served inclination values without correction. These, however, cannot be so very different from the true values, as is indicated by the fact that together with the observed values of the horizontal intensity, they give the following not unreasonable values for the total intensity : Station Ww I 0.582 II 0.638 Ill 0.624 IV 0.637 72 AKSEL S. STEEN. [Qnv ARC. EXP. FRAM THE OBSERVATIONS. The following table gives, in chronological order, the result of the determinations of inclination. ‘Mer.’ is the meridian adjustment on the horizontal circle. Under the heading “Needle” the position of the needle is given, with the marked side either “out” B, or ,in“ B, Nand S in the column “Defl.” indicate that the needle has been deflected, re- pulsed respectively by the north or south end of the deflector used. The mean of the inclination value found separately for the free needle and for the deflected needle, without correction for index-error, is given as the final value of 7. 1898— 1902. No. 6.] TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. Mean Mean 1899. May 29. i eee bss Needle Circle h m Ir 16 a.m. B, E 29 » WwW 56 » WwW o 20 p.m. » E 3 49 B, Ww 53 » E 4 22 D E 50 » WwW 252 p.m 1900. i a Needle = Circle hm Ir 36 a.m. B, W 39 » E o 12 p.m. » E 42 » WwW 3 29 B, E 39 » WwW 4 4 » Ww 32 » E I 59 p.m 1900. Tig hs Needle Circle hm 939 am. By Ww 54 » E Io 21 » E 59 » WwW Ir 59 B, W o 7pm » E 22 » E 37 » W II 15 a.m. Station Ia, Obs. Baumann. Mer. 186° 35/. Defl. We oO , = 86 21.5 = 14.8 S 85 48.6 S. 49.0 = 51.0 = 86 23.0 Ss 2.4 Ss 85 32.3 Station II. June 27. Obs. Baumann. Mer. 149° 33/. Defl. J’ fo} ' a 86 59.4 — 87 23.8 N 86 57.8 N 51.9 — 87 11.7 _ 2.5 N 86 36.0 N 87 6.5 | July 3. Obs. Baumann. Mer. 269° 7’. Defl. t' oO , —_ 86 51.3 _ 87 23.7 N 22.3 N 86 21.3 - 48.8 on 55.0 N 55-9 N 43.0 Needle I fo) ’ B, free 86 18.2 » defl. 85 48.8 B, free 86 7.0 » defl. 85 47.4 f= 56 0 Needle yf ° , B, free 87 11.6 » defl. 86 54.9 B, free 87 6.1 » defl. 86 51.3 ioe a7 1 Needle I °o , B, free 87 7.0 » defl. 86 51.8 B, free 51.9 » defl. 49.5 I = 86 55 74 AKSEL S. STEEN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM 1goo. July 23. Obs. Isachsen. Mer. 208° 18’. jr Needle Circle Defl. r h m G4 Needle I 10 45 a.m. B, E _ 86 55-7 an 55 » WwW = 87 38.5 B, free 87 17.1 Il 33 » E NV 86 18.7 » defl. 0.9 .m. N 8 . - 9 59 p.m » WwW 7 43-1 I= 8] 09 Mean 11 33 a.m. 1g00. July 24. Obs. Isachsen. Mer. go° 41‘ LT. Needle Circle Defl. Li h m oor Needle I 4 41 p.m. B, BE _ 87 I1.9 rae 5 19 > E N 54.4 B, free 86 54.0 50 » Ww = 86 36.2 » defl. 87 30.4 6 to — » WwW N ay 64 T= 8 ae Mean 5 30 p.m. 1g00. July 25. Obs. Isachsen. Mer. 150° 41’. Lt: Needle Circle Defl. I h m o or Needle t' 3 43 p.m. B, E _ 87 6.0 ap 4 26 » WwW = 86 57.5 B, free 87 18 39 » E N 46.3 » defl. 86 45.7 S. 5 » WwW N 45-1 P86 Bs Mean 4 28 p.m. 1g0o. July 27. Obs. Isachsen. Mer. 150° 16’. I. Needle Circle Defl. I hm Go 9 16 a.m. B, EE _ 87 18.3 Needle a 35 » E NN 9.1 by 50 > Ww _— 86 36.4 B, free 86 57.4 Io 10 » Ww N 30.2 » defl. 49.6 32 B, Ww — 58.3 B, free 87 33 55 » Ww N 52.8 » defl 86 48.1 II 9 » E — 87 83 T = 86 ss 22 » E N 86 43.4 — Mean 10 21 a.m. 1898—1902. No. 6.] TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 1900. July 28. Obs. Isachsen. Mer. 88° 45/ LT. Needle = Circle Defl. I’ h mw o or 9 35 am. B, E - 87 00 47 » WV = 8.5 58 B, Ww _ 86 57.0 Needle I Io 15 » E - 87 26.0 oo. ae B E ae to8 B, free 87 6.5 4 F Ww = an » defl. 86 57.9 18 B, Ww _ 6 ads B, free 87 7.7 ve ; E = 84 aus » defl. 86 52.9 II 19 » E N 11.6 I= 87 1 42 » Ww N 86 34.1 o 8 p.m. B, Ww N 53-4 23 » E N 87 2.4 Mean Io 49 a.m. 1900. July 31. Obs. Isachsen. Mer. 179° 4’. L. T. Needle Circle Defl. I ae | E 86 55.8 3 28 p.m. B, - 55. . 39 » Ww 2 55-4 Needle L 47 By Ww , 38.1 B, free 86 55.6 52 » E — 87 20.6 B, » a4 59 a a 86 32.5 » defl. 56.9 4 9 » Ww N 34.6 a ae 18 » E — 87 27-5 T= 86 58 24 » E N 19.2 Mean 3 57 p.m. rgoo. August 1. Obs. Isachsen. Mer. 88° 36’. Led: Needle Circle Defl. va h m ° ’ Io 50 a.m. B, Ww — 86 51.2 58 » E 87 5.2 Ir 6 B, Ee _ 20.1 Needle L si : ad = sel B, free 87 08 20 B, W ae 15.0 ae aes 34 » Ww N 86 57-3 . 4:9 B, free 87 17.9 44 » E = 51.3 » defl. 1.9 Noon » E N 52.5 o Io p.m. B, E - 87 17.0 I= 87 4 23 » EB N a) 34 > Ww - 20.0 44 » Ww N 86 56.3 Mean 11 41 a.m. 76 AKSEL S. STEEN. [QND ARC, EXP. FRAM Ig00. August. 2. Obs. Isachsen. Mer. go° 28’. LT. Needle = Circle Defl. ¥ hm a Io 6 a.m. B, E =a 86 48.8 18 » E N 87 1.2 3! 4 Ww = 16.2 Needle I! ai ” we N 86 54.8 ontchl II 10 D WwW N 37.8 » defl. 58.4 E B, free 87 1.3 - ; : , oF 36 defl. 86 35 » po N 0.6 » de 49.2 45 Bs E = 86 47.5 re 56 » E N 87 1.9 — o 7pm » w = aes t a Ww 86 55.6 Mean 11 Ir am. Station III. tgor. July 5. Obs. Baumann. Mer. 157° 1’. Ds Needle Circle Defl. le hm oe ir 6am. B, E — 87 40.6 Needle I 23 > WwW — 36.2 ot 54 5 Ww s 23.8 B, free 87 38.3 0 25 p.m. » E S 31.1 > del, aS a B, E a ae a8 B, free 41.7 51 » WwW — 87 19.5 » defl. 29:3 ait » WwW Ss 1.3 I = 87 34 33 > E Ss 57-3 Mean o 52 p.m. igor. July 22. Obs. Baumann. Mer. 154° 36/. Lt: Needle Circle Defl. I hm oii 11 4am. B, E = 87 25.6 Needle a 14 » WwW _ 88 10.6 oe o 2pm. » WwW Ss 87 47-5 B, free 87 48.1 2r > E Ss 26.4 » defl. 37.0 59 B, E - 88 14.1 B, free 52-7 9 > WwW = 87 31.3 » defl. 49.8 28 » WwW Ss 12.2 I= 87 47 50 » E Ss 88 27.3 a Mean 1 31 p.m. 1898—1902. No. 6.] TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 77 Mean Mean Mean TQOI. ae Bs Needle — Circle hm II o a.m, B, Be 7 » ia 20 » WwW 28 » E 37 B, E 41 » 5 49 » ie 55 » in II 30 a.m. 1902. sos bs Needle Circle hm Io 54 a.m B, Ww II 5 > E 33 2 E o 5 p.m » Ww 2 58 B, Ww 3 11 » E 33 ? EB 58 » Ww I 25 p.m 1902. LT: Needle = Circle hm 9 50 a.m. B, E Io 6 P) E 20 » Ww 38 5 WwW II 29 By Ww 46 « Ww o 5pm. » E 22 » EE August I. Mer. 135° 57’. Defl. I °o 14 87 51.2 41.2 31.2 35-0 88 10.0 87 58.8 32.5 13.7 nl unl w | Obs. Baumann. Station IV. July 3. Obs. Baumann. Mer. 5° 26'. Defl. l | os 9 ° 88 17.8 => | 8 & 87 13-3 July 4. Obs. Baumann. Mer. 3° 33’: Defl. r Hint ies) ~~ runt of own | w | 0 00 Hob Oe oR & © Needle I B, free 87. 46.2 » defl. 33-1 B, free 51.3 » defl. 36.3 I = 87 42 Needle I fo} ’ B, free 87 59.9 » defi. 50.3 B, free 58.9 » defl. 47:3 I= 87 54 Needle I °o 4 B, free 88 1.4 » defl. 87 45.4 B, free 56.5 » defl. 45-5 I = 87 52 78 AKSEL S. STEEN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM tgo2.. July 4. Obs. Baumann. Mer. 2° 26'. Lots Needle Circle Defl. I hm Oo 253 p.m By E = 87 58.9 Needle i 2. ig » WwW a 54.8 oF 20 » WwW N 43.5 B, free 87 56.9 38 » E N 49.9 » defl. 46.7 4 28 B, Ww pa 42.5 B, free 88 3.6 38 » E = 88 24.7 » defl. 87 47.1 53 » E N 21.1 J = 87 54 5 13 » WwW N 87 13.0 a Mean 4 I p.m 1898—1902. No. 6.] TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 79 E. GENERAL RESULTS. The folloving table contains a complete list of the results of the determinations made during the Expedition, of the three magnetic ele- ments, east declination, D, horizontal intensity, H, and inclination, J. Station Date D A I Ta. 1898. Nov. 25. 258 19 — 28 258 16 — 30 258 29 Dec. 1 257 40 eal 2. 258 5 1899. May 27. 257 34 Sy — 29. 258 20 86 0 — 30. 257 52 0.04092 Ib. 1899. June 5 256 6 0.04057 — 8; 255 40 0.04015 _ 9. 255 35 0.03960 Il. Igoo. June 26. 243 47 — 27. 243 25 87 1 oe \ 0.03348 — 29 July 2. 242 52 0.03338 a 86 55 — 20 243 24) — 23. 243 28 0.03263 87 9 — 24. f 87 12 — 25. 243 59 0.03369 86 54 — 26. 242 59 0.03230 — 24 242 51 86 55 — 28 87 «1 — 31 242 47 86 57 Aug. 242 17 87 4 = Bs 243 22 86 57 = 3: 243 23 0.03341 Ill tgo1. July 230 55 we - 230 26 - 5& 87 34 — 10. 230 58 0.02473 — itt. 230 31 0.02595 — 12 229 34 0.02487 = 35 230 31 — 20 ‘ 230 II — 22. 87 47 Aug. 11. 87 42 80 AKSEL S. STEEN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Station Date D AH I IV. 1902. June 3. 232 17 - § 0.02303 — 6. 0.02319 — fF 230 17 0.02365 = ee 230 21 0.02366 = 18% 231 3 0.02319 — 4. 230 24 0.02346 — 16. 21 BF 0.02341 — 18 2ar 16 — 20. 231 57 0.02360 — 25. 232 7 0.02395 os. By 230 50 0.02362 July 1 231 35 0.02407 oe — 83 87 54 — 4 : 87 53 rar 1538 230 53 eS. 231 2 — 10 230 43 As will be seen from the table, the declination at Stalion I is a little more than 2° more easterly on the south side of the haven than on the north side. Station Ia gives 258° 4’ as the mean for D, Station Ib 955° 47’. I therefore take the mean of these two, 256° 56’ as the final value for Station I. For each of the four stations I have taken, in every other instance, the mean of all the separate values given in the table on pages 79 & 80, as the final value for the declination, horizontal intensity and in- clination, giving all the values the same weight. I have finally calculated the total intensity, W, and its three com- ponents, X, Y and Z, from the final mean values of D, H and I. All these data, referred to the period of time that lies half-way between the first and last days on which magnetic observations have been made at the station in question, are given in the following concluding table. 81 TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 1898— 1902. No. 6. gi9e00 =| gggeg'0 =| ezezoo,Ss«észzgv0.—s|stesc00 =| zogeg0 +=] corto — ‘| gvaze0 Z sco" =| esto” — | sto000— | ate100— | aezooo— 6eezoo— | sezoo0 | Leee0'0 — i zoro00 | 9reto0— | steovo | gon100~ | zecono | aent0.0— | coso00 =| t16000 — Xx coun | ae | deere eee || wee | Fees | RaIeES | same M & 6G oL8 I TF oL8 Fe a 7 0 98 ra Log00'0 — eceZD.-««| SLTOO|O— _-giszo'o~—| Soro ~—s*|-Gtggo'o =~] S8HOD|O— | TE0T0'0 H #9 | TG] OFS | Le 08 | £55 | Ht ct] 81.6 | 9G 98% a ae a |} 0 9-0 0 2-0 0 © BOBE ii 9 “W6r $0067 S ‘668! M8 8 =7 MOP 88 =7 Mt B=1 MLS h=1 ea N 0b 9L =4 N 6h of =4 N 66 9L =4 N .9F SL =4 SOPH, ‘profy aseey ‘paoly aseey ‘paoly auaey wes Vy AT YOHRYS HT tones IT ones J WOHRIS It will be observed that in the table there are columns headed O-C, which contain the difference between the value deduced from the ob- servations, and the theoretically calculated value for each separate ele- ment; for Professor Ap. Scummpr at Potsdam has on this occasion, as previously on the publication of the observations-results from the first Fram Expedition, been so obliging as to undertake to calculate, on the basis of his Potential Calculation for 1885.0, the theoretical value of 82 AKSEL S. STEEN, TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. » the magnetic elements for the four points indicated by the geographical coordinates of the four stations. The differences given in the table (observed value minus calculated value) suffer, however, from considerable uncertainty; for in the first place the theoretical values are calculated for the period 1885.0, while the observed values are for 1899—1902, and the differences thus con- | tain a not inconsiderable secular change, which it has not been possible to take into account. In the next place, as I have already pointed out in the Introduction, the magnetic observations of the 2nd Fram Expedition were made under very unfavorable circumstances, the instrumental equipment, in parti- cular, having been far from satisfying the demands made by observations as near the magnetic pole as the Stations are situated. Printed 28 Januar 1907. REPORT OF THE SECOND NORWEGIAN ARCTIC EXPEDITION IN THE “FRAM” 1898—1902. No. 7. ERNST KITTL: DIE TRIASFOSSILIEN VOM HEUREKA SUND (MIT 8 HELIOGRAPHISCHEN TAFELN) AT THE EXPENCE OF THE FRIDTJOF NANSEN FUND FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE PUBLISHED BY VIDENSKABS-SELSKABET I KRISTIANIA KRISTIANIA PRINTED BY A. W. BROGGER 1907 Die erste Nachricht tiber die geologischen Arbeiten der II. Nor- wegischen Polarexpedition mit der Fram (1898—1902) finde ich in dem »Geographical Journal* (London 1903) Vol. XXII, wo dem allgemeinen Berichte Captain Orro Sverprups pag. 56 ein ,Summary of Geological Results“ von Per Scuer angeschlossen ist. Aus der beigegebenen Kartenskizze sowie aus den Bildern ersieht man dort mit Beriicksichtigung des Textes sowie spiiterer Verlaut- barungen, wie sich das iltere Palaezoikum auf die altkristallische Unter- lage von North-Devon und Ellesmere Island in ziemlich flacher Lagerung bei westlicher Neigung hingelegt hat. Dem Altpalaeozoikum (Cambrium und Silur) im Jones Sund, welches quer durch Ellesmereland zieht, folgt westlich das Devon, welches von der Grinnellhalbinsel herstreicht, tiber die Cardiganstrasse und die Insel Nord Kent weiterhin tiber den Bau- mannsfjord und den Bayfjord nach Norden verfolgt wurde. Bei dem Grossen Barenkap sowie an der ,Schwarzen Wand“ am Nordende der Axel Heiberg Insel wurden Aufbriiche von Kohlenkalk gefunden, der die Unterlage bilden dirfte fiir die Triaszone 1, welche die Festlandsteile zu beiden Seiten des Heurekasundes vom Birenkaplande im S. bis zum Nansensund und Blauen Berg im N. durchzieht. Eines der erwihnten Bilder zeigt sehr schén die Einschaltung dunkler Banke (Decken von Basalt oder eines anderen basischen Eruptivgesteins?) in die Kalke und Sandsteine der Trias. Diese Vergesellschaftung eruptiver Decken mit den marinen Sedimentgesteinen der Trias, welche ausdriicklich erwahnt werden, scheint im Heurekasund eine charakteristische Erscheinung zu sein, die insbesondere auch vom Blauen Berg zitiert wird. Es erinnert das an gewisse stidalpine Verhiltnisse, wo ebenfalls sehr hiufig basische Eruptivgesteine mit den Triasablagerungen verbunden sind. 1 Joc. cit. pag. 61 berichtet Scuer, dass L. Mc Cumrock, Su. Osporn und E, Bencuer die Existenz mesozoischer fossilftihrender Schichten in den Parry Inseln, also westlich von dem durch die Expedilion der Fram untersuchten Gebiete bekannt waren. 1 4 ERNST KITTL. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Schon damals hat Scuet darauf hingewiesen, dass das Mesozoikum von Konig Oscar Land, Heiberg Land und Grinnell Land eine weite Verbreitung besitzen und nahere Beziehungen eher zu Nordeuropa (Spitz- bergen) als zu Nordamerika erkennen lassen. In dem vorliufigen Berichte, den P. Scuer tiber seine geologischen Beobachtungen auf der II. Norwegischen Polarexpedition in demselben Jahre in deutscher Sprache verdffentlicht hat +, erwahnt derselbe die auf seinen Schlittenexpeditionen in der Frihlingssaison im Heurekasunde gesammelten Materialien. Er nennt sie sehr unvollstandig, ist aber doch in der Lage, ausser Eruptivgesteinen Stiicke anzufihren, welche ,auf das Vorhandensein von Carbon, alpiner Trias und Tertizergebilden in diesen Gegenden schliessen lassen“ 2. Nach seinem Bericlite? bestehen ,,die Kiisten auf beiden Seiten des Heurekasundes wesentlich aus Quarzsandslein mit untergeordnetem Schiefer und Kalksteinen. Fossilien sind nur in wenigen Exemplaren an im Ganzen fiinf Stellen gefunden worden, so am Ammonitenberge auf der Nordspitze des Barenkaplandes ein Ammonit und einige Lamelli- branchiaten, darunter vielleicht Daonella Lommeli“; ,gleichfalls ein Ammonit und einige Lamellibranchiaten in Kalkstein auf der Hutinsel im Bayfjord und in schwarzem Schiefer am Blauen Berge eine Dao- nella sp.“ Sind nun die hier gemachten Angaben tiber die Fossilien anniihe- rungsweise zutreffend, so sind auch die daraus gezogenen Folgerungen tiber das Auftreten alpiner Trias im Heurekasunde und dessen Um- gebung richtig. Die von P. Scuer und den anderen Teilnehmern der Expedition gesainmelten Materialien wurden zum Zwecke eingehender Bearbeitung verschiedenen Palaeontologen, so A. G. Natuorst in Stockholm und Tu. TscHernycHerr in St. Petersburg tbergeben. Es hat auch mir P. Scue: noch im Jahre 1905 die Triasmaterialien der II. Norwegischen Polarexpedition behufs naherer Untersuchung zugesandt. Meine Befunde habe ich in dem folgenden zusammengestellt. Das mir zugekommene Material enthilt Fossilien von nachstehenden Fundorten: 1. Ammonitenberg am Barenkaplande (Ammonitherget, Bjérne- kaplandet). 1 In O. Sverprup, Neues Land, Vier Jahre in Arktischen Gebieten II. 1903. 2 loc. cil. pag. 2. 3 loc. cit. pag. 10. 1898— 1902. No. 7.] DIE TRIASFOSSILIEN VOM HEUREKA SUND. 5 2. Barenspitze am Biérensund im Heurekasund (Bjorneodden, Bjérne Sundet +, Eureka Sundet). 3. Depot auf der Grossen Insel im Heurekasund (Depotet Storden, Eureka Sundet). 4. Hutinsel nachst dem Bayfjord und Konig Oscars Land im Heureka Sund (Hatiéen, Baysfjord). 5. Blauer Berg im Greeleyfjord N. vom Heurekasund (Blaafjeld, Greeley fjord). 6. Westlicher Teil des Blauen Berges’. Zunichst seien mir einige Bemerkungen tber den Gesteinscharakter sowie tiber die fossilen Faunen der einzelnen Fundorte gestattet. Diesen moége dann die Beschreibung der Fossilien selbst folgen. 1. Ammonitenberg am Barenkaplande. [Ammonitberget, Bjérnekaplandet.| Das Gesteinsmaterial dieses Fundpunktes ist ein schwarzgrauer, bituminéser kalkhaltiger Schiefer. Das haufigste Fossil in demselben ist Halobia Zitteli Linpstr.; daneben erscheinen vereinzelt Ammoniten sowie kleinere Lamellibranchiaten und Brachiopoden. Die erwahnte Halobia tritt — wie das bei den Arten dieser Gattung Regel ist — massenhaft auf. Es ist bemerkenswert, dass die Halobia Zitteli auf Spitzbergen in einem petrographisch ganz ihnlichen Gesteine vorkommt. Insofern hier auch mehrere Arten von Ammoniten gefunden wurden, ist die Bezeichnung Ammonitenberg nicht unzutreffend gewahlt worden. Vom Ammonitenberge konnte ich nachfolgende Arten bestimmen: Discina cf. Barrentsi |. Boum. Halobia Zitteli Linpstr. Avicula polaris Kirtt. Gryphaea Skuld I. Boum. _ Protrachyceras Sverdrupi Krrtt. Protrachyceras cf. Sverdrupi Kirt. Protrachyceras aff. Richthofeni Moss. ! Diese beiden Namen kommen weder auf der Karte von P. Scuer (loc. cit.) noch auf der grossen Karte des Arbeitsgebietes der II. Norwegischen Polar-Expedition von G. Isacusen vor, welche letztere mir Herr Professor N. Witte freundlichst verschafft hat. 2 Dieser 6. Fundort wurde von Scuer wohl zu dem vorangehenden gerechnet, als er von 5 Fundorten berichtete. Auf den Originaletiketten ist er getrennt ge- halten. 6 ERNST KITTL. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Diese kleine Fauna darf als der ladinischen oder der karnischen Stufe entsprechend betrachtet werden; die 2 genannten Stufen sind zeitlich von einander wenig verschieden, vielleicht sogar nur vikarierende Faciesbildungen zeitlich gleichwerliger Ablagerungen. 2. Barenspitze nichst der Barenbucht im Heurekasund. [Bjérneodden, Bjérnesundet, Eurekasundet.] Von dieser Lokalitaét liegen braunliche bis schwarzliche Sandstein- schiefer vor, deren Schichtflachen im ersten Falle verkohlte Pflanzen- reste zeigen, die eine Bestimmung nicht zulassen, wihrend eine Platte schwirzlichen Schiefers nur Hieroglyphen-artige Fossilien darbietet, die man als Gyrochorda sp. anfiihren kann. Die schiefrigen Sandsteine mit den verkohlten Pflanzenfragmenten gestatten ohne weitere Daten keinen sicheren Schluss auf ihr Alter; sie erinnern aber lebhaft zundchst an drei abnliche alpine Vorkommnisse in der Trias: in den Wengener Schichten (ladinisch) findet man nicht selten ebensolche mazerierte Pflanzenfragmente neben besser erhaltenen; dieses Vorkommen diirfte mit dem von der Biarenspitze die meisten Analogien haben. Beiliufig gleichaltrig sind die ebenfalls Pflanzenreste fiihrenden bituminésen Fischschiefer von Raibl, die gar nicht selten relativ gut erhaltene aber auch verkohlte Pflanzenreste enthallen. Vielleicht etwas jinger sind die Kohlen und Pflanzenreste fiihrenden Sandsteine der nordalpinen Lunzer Schichten. Dazu kommt der bekannte pflanzenfithrende Horizont im Keuper der Germanischen Trias, welcher ein weiteres Analogon der Sandsteine von der Birenspitze darbietet. Wenn sonach mit einiger Berechtigung ein triadisches Alter dieser anstehenden pflanzenftihrenden Sandsteine von der Barenspitze ange- pommen werden kann, so darf doch die Moglichkeit eines héheren oder jiingeren Alters derselben nicht ganz ausser Acht gelassen werden. Ausser dem besprochenen pflanzenfiithrenden Sandsteine liegen von der Barenspitze einige Platten eines an marinen tierischen Resten reichen schiefrigen Sandsteines vor, die nach der beiliegenden Angabe von einem nicht anstehend gefundenen Blocke“ herriihrten, der »unterhalb der héchsten marinen Grenze ca. 100. tiber dem Meeresspiegel aufgefunden wurde. Die in diesen Gesteinsstiicken vorkommenden Fossilien deuten auf eine individuenreiche Pelecypodenfauna hin, von welcher ich aller- dings nur 4 Arten bestimmen konnle, namlich: 1898— 1902. No.7.] DIE TRIASFOSSILIEN VOM HEUREKA SUND. 7 Pecten (Entoliwm) cf. Obergi Lunver. Cardita ursina Kirtt. Cardita Witteit Kirti. Palaeopharus Scheii Kirtt. Diese mit der viel artenreicheren durch I. Boum von der Bareninsel bei Spitzbergen? beschriebenen Fauna recht innige Beziehungen auf- weisende kleine Fauna ist wohl sicher triadischen Alters. Der Block, aus dem sie stammt, braucht keinem sehr weiten Transporte unterlegen gewesen zu sein, da die meisten der in ihm erhaltenen Arten sich an anderen Lokalitéten des Heurekasundes wiederfinden. Es ist daher auch recht wahrscheinlich, dass das Anstehende der Sandsteine mit der zitierten marinen Pelecypodenfauna nicht sehr weit von der heutigen Lagerstatte des isolierten Blockes gefunden werden kénnte. Das triadische Alter der in demselben vorkommenden Fossilien ist nach meiner Anschauung recht geeignet, die Annahme eines ebenfalls tria- dischen Alters ftir die von Scuer anstehend gefundenen Sandsteine mit Pflanzenresten zuu_ nterstiitzen. 3. Depot auf der Grossen Insel im Heurekasund. [Depotet Storden, Eurekasundet.] Ausser einem kleinen Stiickchen Hornsteinschiefer mit unbestimm- barer Brut von Daonella oder Halobia — einem losen Funde — legen von der Depotstelle auf der Grossen Insel Proben eines kalkhaltigen Sandsteinschiefers mit marinen Fossilien vor, worunter vor Allem wieder die Halobia Zitteli auffallt, die — wenn auch z. T. nur in Fragmenten — in jedem Stiicke zu finden ist. Die Liste der gefundenen Arten ist: *Halobia Zitteli Linpstr. Avicula polaris Kirt. Pseudomonotis? sp. Pecten Oscari Kirti. °Pecten Obergi Lunper. °Palaeopharus Scheii Kirt. (?) Halobia Zitteli fand ich in dem Material vom Barenkaplande, die mit ° bezeichneten Arten konnte ich in dem losen Blocke von der Baren- spitze konstatieren. ‘ J. Bonn, Uber die obertriadische Fauna der Bareninsel. Kun. Svenska Vet. Ak. Handl., Bd. 37, No. 3. 8 ERNST KITTL. [2nD ARC. EXP. FRAM 4. Hutinsel nichst dem Bayfjorde (Kénig Oscars Land) im Heurekasunde. [Hatéen, Baysfjord, Kong Oscars Landet.] Es sind graue fossilreiche Kalksteine, welche von der Hutinsel vor- liegen; es kann nur bedauert werden, dass von dieser Fundstelle nicht mehr Material mitgebracht worden ist, da das bisher vorhandene wegen der Unvollstindigkeit der Reste haufig nur eine unsichere Bestimmung gestattete. Trotzdem ergab sich aus dem grauen Kalke der Hutinsel eine ziemlich artenreiche Fauna: Brachiopode indet. Halobia juv. indet. Gervilleia cf. Loewenighi 1. Boum. Hoernesia? sp. Lima hatensis Krirrt. Lima Hakoni Kirt. Lima boreas Kirti. Pecten cf. Obergi Lunper. Pecten Oscari Kirt. Gryphaea cf. Keilhaui \. Boum. Leda (Phaenodesmia) regia Kitt. Palaeoneilo ? cf. lunaris I. Boum. Nucula ? sp. indet. Cardinia ? ovula Kirti. Palaeopharus ? sp. Anoplophora ? ephippium I. Boum. Homomya ? sp. Trachyceras sp. Wie zu ersehen, sind auch hier wieder Lamellibranchiaten vor- waltend. Von diesen sind einige mit schon von der Bareninsel bekann- ten identisch oder stehen solchen sehr nahe. Auch an anderen Fund- orten des Heurekasundes auftretende Arten finden sich darunter. Als wahrscheinliches Alter dieser Lokalitét ergibt sich wieder die ladinische oder unter-karnische Stufe. 5. Blauer Berg N. vom Greeleyfjord und Heurekasund. [Blaafjeld, Greeleyfjord.] Vom Blauen Berge liegen dunkle, fast schwarze Kalkschiefer mit Halobien und (in anderen Stiicken) Daonellen vor, sowie ein aschgrauer Kalkstein. 1898—1902. No. 7.] DIE TRIASFOSSILIEN VOM HEUREKA SUND. 9 Der Kalkstein sowie die eine Probe der schwarzen Schiefer fiihren Halobia Zitteli Linpsrr., welches Fossil in dem letztgenannten Gesteine ausschliesslich vorkommt, in dem Kalke aber zusammen mit Fragmenten anderer unbestimmbarer Lamellibranchiaten auftritt. Nach dem Er- scheinen der Halobia Zitteli in beiden Gesteinen darf man es als wahr- scheinlich ansehen, dass der Kalkstein und der Schiefer des Blauen Berges ein nahezu oder villig gleiches Alter besitzen. In wie weit das richlig ist, lasst sich nur im Terrain entscheiden. Mehrere Proben eines schwarzen biluminiésen Kalkschiefers fiihren eine Daonella, welche sich mit keiner bekannten Art vereinigen lisst, die ich daher neu benannt habe. Es ist die unten beschriebene Dao- nella Frami m. Nach ihrem Habitus kénnte diese Art auf einen ladini- schen oder unterkarnischen Horizont hinweisen, der vermutlich unter den Banken mit Halobia Zitteli liegt. Dieser Annahme scheint mir die einer noch zu erwaibnenden Probe des grauen Kalkes beigeftigte Notiz: yim Hangenden einer Diabasintrusion* nicht zu widersprechen. Eine Bekraftigung der als wahrscheinlich angenommenen Altersfolge kann aber darin natiirlich ebenfalls nicht gefunden werden. Im allgemeinen reihen sich die besprochenen Funde vom Blauen Berge recht gut den iibrigen Trias-Vorkommnissen des Heurekasundes an, indem sie diesen gegentiber eine wesentliche Altersdifferenz nicht erschliessen lassen. 6. Westlicher Teil des Blauen Berges. Ein grauer Kalkstein mit Muscheltriimmern, der von dort vorliegt und nach Scueis Angabe aus dem Hangenden einer Diabasintrusion stammt, zeigt nur wenige halbwegs bestimmbare Exemplare. Es sind Fragmente von Halobien, die wahrscheinlich an Halobia Zittelt anzu- schliessen sind. 10 ERNST KITTL. [2ND ARC, EXP. FRAM Beschreibung der Arten. I. Brachiopoda. An Brachiopoden fand sich nur eine Art von Discina und eine generisch unbestimmte Klappe einer zweiten Art. 1. Discina cf. Barrentsi J. Boum. Taf. I, Fig. 1. Zwei mir vorliegende Dorsalklappen mit glalter glinzender Ober- flache, die nur am Rande Spuren einer Radialskulptur erkennen lassen, besitzen exzentrische, dem Hinterrande sehr nahe geriickte, etwas nach hinten gekriimmte Wirbeln. Eine konzentrische Skulptur ist nur schwach ausgebildet. Von den aus dem deutschen Muschelkalk bekannten Formen steht unsere Discina der D. silesiaca (Dkr.)! in Bezug auf Umriss und Wirbellage am nichsten; es fehlt jener jedoch die rauhe konzentrische Streifung der letzteren, welches Merkmal an ersterer immerhin durch den Fossilisationsprozess verloren gegangen oder aber wegen des ver- schiedenen Erhaltungszustandes nicht mehr erkennbar sein kénnte. Auch sind unsere Exemplare kleiner. Aus der alpinen Trias sind bisher nur sehr kleine Formen publi- ziert worden ?, obgleich ihr nach meinen Erfahrungen auch grissere Discinen nicht ganz fehlen. Die Kissener Schichten, welche jetzt mit Recht der Trias zugeteilt werden, haben die gréssere von E. Susss be- schriebene Discina cellensis geliefert®. Das deutsche Rhat die mit subzentralem Wirbel behaftete Discina rhaetica Andreae +. Eine recht auffallende Ahnlichkeit mit unseren Exemplaren besitzt die durch I. Boum vom Mt. Misery auf der Bareninsel beschriebene ‘ Palaeontographica J. Bd., Taf. XIII, Fig. 18—14. > A. Birryer, Brachiopoden der alpinen Trias. Abh. d. k. k. G. R.A. XIV. Bd. Wien. 1890. ° E. Suess, Brachiopoden der Késsener Schichten. Denkschr. d. Wiener Akad. d. Wissensch. VII. Bd. 1854. ‘ A. Anpreasr, Die Brachiopoden des Rhiét von Malsch. Mitt. d. grhz. Badischen geol. Landesanstalt III, 1. Heft, 1893, p. 13, 1898—1902. No. 7.] | DIE TRIASFOSSILIEN VOM HEUREKA SUND. ii Discina Barrentsi. Sie zeigt dieselbe Grésse und exzentrische Wirbel- lage, jedoch eine kraftigere konzentrische Rippung als jene. Darnach ist die Méglichkeit einer Identitét unserer Exemplare sowie der Discina Barrentsi I. Boum mit Discina silesiaca Dxr. nicht aus- geschlossen. Da ich die meiste Ubereinstimmung der Discinen vom Barenkap- lande mit Discina Barrentsi finde, so reihe ich erstere der letzteren an. Sehr wahrscheinlich bilden sie eine einzige Art. Fundort: Ammonitenberg am Béirenkaplande (2 Exemplare). 2. Brachiopod indet. Eine Schale in Steinkernerhaltung zeigt die Abdriicke der Zahn- stiitzen und der Schnabelhéhlung; ein Medianseptum ist nicht zu er- kennen. Der Rest ist wohl nicht vollstandig genug, um eine genauere Bestimmung zu gestatten. Fundort: Hutinsel im Bayfjord. Il. Lamellibranchiata. In dem folgenden werden 23 Arten oder Formen beschrieben, die sich auf 15 Gattungen verteilen, worunter eine neu benannte; diese Gattungen sind: Avicula 1 Art (A. polaris Ki.) Daonella 1 Art (D. Frami Ki.) Halobia 2 Arten (H. Zitteli Lindstr.; H. sp.) Gervilleia 1 Art (G. cf. Léwenighi I. B.) Lima s. g. Plagiostoma 3 Arten (P. Hakoni Ki., P. hatensis Ki., Lima sp.) Pecten 4 Arten (P. cf. Obergi, P. Obergi Lundg., P. Oscari Ki., P. sp.) Gryphaea 2 Arten (G. Skuld I. B., cf. Keilhaui I. B.) Leda 1 Art (L. regia K.) Palaeoneilo? 1 Art (P. cf. lunaris I. B.). Nucula? 1 Art (N. sp.) Cardinia? 1 Art (C. ovula Ki.) Cardita 2 Arten (C. ursina Ki., C. Wittei Ki.) 12 ERNST KITTL. [2ND ARC, EXP. FRAM Palaeopharus nov. gen. 1 Art (P. Scheii Ki.) Homomya 1 Art (H.? sp.) Anoplophora 1 Art (A. cf. ephippium I. B.). 3. Avicula polaris Kirty n. f. Taf. I, Fig. 2—4. Die Schale ist etwas hoéher als lang, wenig nach hinten gezogen, der Wirbel ist vorragend und um 1/3 der Schalenlinge nach vorne geschoben. Die linke Klappe ist stirker gewélbt als die rechte. Die hinteren Fliigeln sind dreieckig und relativ gross, der Vorderfliigel der linken Klappe ist undeutlich, jener der rechten Klappe scharf abgesetzt. Ein Byssusausschnitt scheint vorhanden zu sein. Die Schalenoberfliche zeigt einzelne Radialrippen, die am Rande zahlreicher werden. Wie so hiuflg bei Arten mit ungleicher Wélbung der Klappen kommt die stirker gewoélbte Klappe haufiger zur Beobachtung als die flachere. Dementsprechend liegt von der Avicula polaris die starker gewolbte linke Klappe in mehreren Exemplaren vor (vgl. Fig. 2 und 3), die flachere rechte jedoch nur in einem einzigen (Fig. 4). Die Wélbungs- verhaltnisse der beiden Klappen wiirden etwa den von Antijanira Birtn. entsprechen. Selbstverstandlich kann aber deshalb noch nicht an irgend eine Verwandtschaft der vorliegenden Art mit Antijanira gedacht werden, wie ja die Pectines in dieser Hinsicht ganz ausser Betracht bleiben. Beziiglich der generischen Stellung der Art scheinen mir einige Bemerkungen am Platze zu sein. So wenig es zweifelhaft war, dass Avicula polaris zu den Aviculiden gehére, so war doch mit Riicksicht auf die unvollstandige Erhaltung der vorliegenden Exemplare die gene- rische Stellung derselben etwas zweifelhaft. Die relative Linge des Schlossrandes, die Ausbildungsweise der Fligeln sowie der Umriss erinnern auch an Pseudomonotis. Das Ohr der rechten Klappe ist jedoch ohne Byssuseinschnitt, weshalb die Art zu Pseudomonotis nicht gestellt werden kann. Von ,,Pseudomonotis spitzbergensis I. Boum“ 1, welche unten niher verglichen wird, ist die rechte Klappe gar nicht bekannt, der Nachweis der Zugehorigkeit zu Pseudomonotis also noch ausslandig; man wirde ' J. Boum, Die obertriad. Fauna d. Bireninsel; K. Svenska Vetensk. Akad. Handl. Bd. 37, No. 3, pag. 27, Taf. II, Fig. 10—13. — 1898—1902. No. 7.] DIE TRIASFOSSILIEN VOM HEUREKA SUND. 13 also besser tun, die letztgenannte Art ebenfalls bei Avicula unterzu- bringen, wo ja rechte Klappen ohne Byssuseinschnitt vorkommen. Im Unmrisse, nicht aber in der Skulptur scheint mir unsere Art der Avicula mucronata Gass. sehr ahnlich zu sein. Der lings des Schloss- randes schnabellérmig ausgezogene Hinterfliigel ist bei unserer Art in ahnlicher, jedoch kaum in so extremer Weise entwickelt. Nachdem also unsere Art der ,Pseudomonotis“ spitebergensis I. Boum ahnelt, welche, wie oben gezeigt, méglicher Weise keine Pseudo- monotis ist, vielmehr wahrscheinlich besser zu Avicula gestellt wiirde, so ergibt sich daraus die Mdglichkeit einer Identitaét derselben mit Avi- cula polaris. Im Umrisse sind beide Arten einander recht ahnlich, auch besitzen beide eine Radialskulptur. Nach der Abbildung bei I. Boum (das Original habe ich leider nicht kennen gelernt) ist die Skulptur der Pseudomonotis spitzbergensis an der Peripherie entwickelt und besteht aus ,ladenformigen, gedrangten Rippen, zwischen welche sich einzelne einschalten, und kraftigen Anwachsstreifen“?. Bei Avicula polaris sind einzelne Rippen schon in der Nahe des Wirbels erkennbar, im Ubrigen sind die Rippen ebenfalls fein und dichtgedriingt; es diirfte also hier die Skulptur so ziemlich iiber die ganze Schale verbreitet gewesen sein. In dieser Hinsicht vermag also zwischen den beiden verglichenen Arten kein sehr grosser Unterschied gefunden werden. Nach Bium sollen bei der Art von Spitzbergen aber die ,Ohren klein, scharf abge- setzt, flach“ sein?, wihrend ich im Gegensalze dazu bei Avicula pola- ris relativ grosse Ohren fand; namentlich das hintere ist lang ausge- zogen. Hier zeigt sich also eine Differenz, welche mir eine Identifi- zierung beider Arten zu verbieten scheint. Dazu kommt noch, dass bei der Art von Spitzbergen die rechte Klappe noch unbekannt ist. Fundorte: Ammonitenberg am Béirenkaplande (9 Exemplare), Depot auf der Grossen Insel im Heurekasunde (1 Exemplar). 4. Daonella Frami Kirtw. n. f. Taf. I, Fig. 5 u. 6. Der Umriss der Schalen ist — von dem geraden Schlossrande ab- gesehen — schrig eiformig mit einiger Anniherung an eine symme- 1 W.M. Gass, Triassic & cretaceous fossils, Geolog. Survey of California. Paleon- tology IL 2 |, Boum, loc. cit. 3 Der genannte Autor stellt seine Art zu der Untergattung Humicrotis, ohne jedoch die bezeichnende rechte Klappe zu kennen. (Vgl. A. Birryer, Uber Pseudo- monotis Telleri u. verwandte Arten der Untern Trias. Jahrb. d. k. k. Geolog. Reichsanst. 1900, 50. Bd.). 14 ERNST KITTL. |2ND ARG, EXP. FRAM | trische Gestaltung. Der Wirbel ist nur wenig exzentrisch; die breiten Radialrippen beginnen meist schon in der Entfernung von wenigen Millimetern vom Wirbel und erscheinen erst in bedeutenderer Distanz vom Wirbel (10O—15 mm) einfach geteilt. Hinten ist ein meist schwach gewolbtes dreieckiges Feld (meist als ,das hintere Ohr“ bezeichnet) fast rippenfrei (siehe das grosse) Exemplar bei Fig. 5), wahrend vorne ein ahnliches aber schmaleres Feld erscheint, das noch durch eine Furche geteilt ist, so dass die Rippen hier fast bis zum Schlossrande hin aus- gebildet sind (siehe die 2 vollstindigen Exemplare bei Fig. 6). In der Nahe des Wirbels findet man hiufig eine schwache konzentrische Run- zelung, die sich gegen den Rand hin nur zuweilen, und schwacher aus- gebildet, einstellt und daher dort von den Radialrippen tiberwogen wird. Daonella Frami less sich mit keiner der schon beschriebenen Arten vereinigen. Manche Exemplare erinnern an Daonella styriaca Mogs.'; sie sind aber weniger symmetrisch und ist bei ihnen die Rippen- eilung mehr vorgeschritten. Die beiden Arten haben eine gewisse In- constanz hinsichtlich der Ausbildung ohrahnlicher Felder mit einander gemein. Unserer Art ihnlich ist auch Daonella indica Birry.?, doch ist diese etwas symmetrischer und sind bei dieser Art die Rippen mehr geteilt. Einige stidalpine Formen (Daon. cassiana Moss., Daon. Richtho- feni Moss. etc.), welche der ladinischen Stule angehdren, sind dagegen. mehr unsymmetrisch ausgebildet als D. Frami; auch ist bei ihnen die Rippenteilung weiter vorgeschritten, Daonella Frami scheint eine bedeutende Grisse zu erreichen, bis zu 42 mm. Hohe und dariiber. Fundort: Blauer Berg N. von Greeleyfjord. 5. Halobia Zitteli Linpstr. Taf. I, Fig. 7-11. 1865. G. Linpstrém, Om Trias och Jura versteningar fran Spetzbergen. K. Sv. Vet. Ak. Handl. B. 6, No. 6, 1865, p. 6, Taf. I, Fig. 6—12; Taf. Ul, Fig. 11. 1874. IE. v. Mossisovics, Ub. d. triad. Pelecyp. Daonella und Halobia. Abhandl. d. k, k. Geolog. Reichsanst. Wien. B. VII, Heft 2, 1874, p. 32, Taf. III, _ Fig. 10-11. 1877. P. Osere, Om Triasversteningar fran Spetsbergen. K. Sv. Vet. Ak. Handl. B. 14, No. 14, p. 6, Taf V, Fig. 3-4. ! E. v. Mogsisovics, Uber die triadischen Pelecypodengattungen Daonella und Halobia. Abhandl. d. k. k. geolog. Reichsanstalt in Wien. Bd. VII, Heft 2, p. 10, Taf. I, Fig. 4—5. ° A. Birrner, Himalayan fossils III, 2. Trias Brachiopoda & Lamellibranchiata (Palaeont. Indica, Ser. XIII) p. 39, Taf. VII, Fig. 4—11. 1898—1902. No. 7.] DIE TRIASFOSSILIEN VOM HEUREKA SUND. 15 1903. I. Boum, Uber die obertriadische Fauna der Bareninsel. K. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl. B. 57, No. 3. — Halobia Zitteli p. 30, Taf. Ill, Fig. 27; Halobia cf. Neumayri p. 32, Taf. Ill, Fig. 29; Daonella Lovéni (p. p.) pag. 33, Fig. 30 (non Figg. 22, 25 & 31). Die aus dem Gebiete des Heurekasundes u. z. namentlich von dem Barenkaplande aber auch von anderen Lokalitaéten vorliegenden Mate- rialien enthalten zahlreiche Individuen von Halobien in den verschieden- sten Altersstadien. Einzelne erreichen eine Héhe bis zu 7 dm. und eine Linge bis zu 11 dm. Die Formen, welche hier erdrtert werden sollen, erinnern schon haufig auf den ersten Blick an die zuerst durch G. Linpstrém vom Kis- fjord auf Spitzbergen beschriebene Halobia Zitteli. Soweit sich das genauer erheben liess, stimmt diese Art mit den Halobien vom Biren- kaplande in den wesentlichen Merkmalen tiberein; Wirbellage, Berippung (in Bezug auf diese insbesondere die weitgehende Rippenteilung und deren Knickung in der mittleren Schalenregion lings einer bestimmten noch jugendlichen Zuwachszone), und konzentrische Runzelung der Wirbel- gegend sind in gleicher Weise ausgebildet, wihrend der Schalenumriss ausgewachsener Exemplare wohl vom Heurekasund nicht aber von den Typen von Spitzbergen genau erhoben werden konnte, also nur eine beiliufige Vergleichung zuliess. Dem Original zu Fig. 10 bei Mosstsovics |. cit. (wahrscheinlich der Gypsabguss von Lindstréms Type), welches mir vorliegt, fehlt der Schalenrand und die Zuwachsstreifen sind zu un- deutlich um jenen mit Sicherheit zu rekonstruieren. Auch der Erhal- tungszustand der Ohren an der Type lisst viel zu wiinschen tbrig. Linpstréms Angabe der Rippenzahl mit 20--30 ist an und fir sich schon nur eine beiléufige, die aber — wenn man nur Linpstréms Ori- ginal in Betracht zieht — nicht leicht durch eine genauere ersetzt werden kann, da die Rippen oft schon gepaart oder geteilt aus der unberippten Wirbelregion herauskommen und die Zahl der Primeerrippen deshalb fast nicht festgestellt werden kann. Die aus dem Gebiete des Heureka- sundes vorliegenden Exemplare sind weit vollstandiger als jene von Spitzbergen, so dass ich hier in dem folgenden auf Grund des neuen Materiales eine ausfihrlichere Artsbeschreibung geben kann. Der Umriss der Schalen ist langgestreckt, vorn verschmiilert, hinten hoher, vom geraden Schlossrande weg nach hinten abgeschragt. Der Wirbel liegt bei kleinen Exemplaren nach vorn gertickt zwischen dem ersten und zweiten Drittel der Linge der Schale, bei grossen ausge- wachsenen aber fast in der Mitte, nur wenig vorgeriickt. Den Wirbel umgeben den Zuwachszonen entsprechende konzentrische wellige Runzeln. 16 ERNST KITTL. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Bei einer Schalenhéhe von 8 bis 11 mm. erscheint meist eine tiefe Zu- wachsfurche. Das auffilligste Skulpturelement der Schalen sind Radial- rippen, welche schon in einer Entfernung von wenigen Millimetern vom Wirbel beginnen, meist einfach, selten als gepaart erscheinen. Bei weiterem Wachstum tritt eine einfache bis mehrfache Gabelung der Rippen ein, welche namentlich bei den vorderen Rippen grosser Exem- plare eine deutlich 3—4 fache ist, so dass ausgesprochene Rippenbiindel entstehen, deren Teilrippen fein oder grob sein kénnen. Bei den meisten Rippen erscheint eine tiefere primére Teilungsfurche; die Teilrippen sind dann bindelférmig weiter geteilt. Die hinteren Radialrippen zunachst dem hinteren Ohre sind etwas wellig hin und her gebogen. Nur die vordersten und die hintersten Rippen in der Nahe der Ohren verlaufen vom Wirbel aus gerade bis zum Schalenrande; alle wbrigen erleiden in der Nahe der oben erwahnten tieferen Zuwachsfurche eine Beugung oder Knickung. Die zwei hier in Fig. 1 u. 2 abgebildeten grossen Exem- plare zeigen die vollstindigen Ohren: ersteres das hintere, letzteres das vordere. Das sogenannte ,hintere Ohr* besitzt Zuwachsstreifen, die sich in stetiger Kriimmung dem Schlossrande zuwenden und auf diesen unter spitzem Winkel treffen, Ein etwa 10° einnehmendes dreieckiges Feld nichst dem Schlossrande ist unberippt, dann folgt eine schwache Einzel- rippe, nach dieser ein in der Grésse dem ersten ahnliches Feld mit etwa 8 feinen, nur schwach ausgebildeten dicht gedrangten Rippen, denen sich ganz unvermittelt kraftigere, fast schon der normalen Rippenstirke entsprechende Rippen anschliessen, die zumeist wellig hin und her ge- bogen sind. Es folgt dann die mittlere etwa einen Quadranten ein- nehmende Region mit den in einer Zuwachszone geknickten Rippen. Vor diesen liegen etwa 10 meist biindelférmig geteilte fast oder ganz ungeknickte Rippen, dann erst folgt das ,vordere Ohr“. Dieses letztere ist gegen die tbrige Schale durch eine radiale Furche scharf und deutlich abgegrenzt und — wie z. B. das in Fig. 10 abgebildete Exemplar zeigt — gewolbt. Es tragt das vordere Ohr ausser den auf den Schlossrand spitz hinlaufenden Zuwachsstreifen eine innere und eine dussere radiale Randrippe, meist auch eine deutliche Mittelrippe. Die oben erwihnten wellenformigen Biegungen der Rippen sind nicht ganz auf jenen Radianten beschrinkt, sondern treten zuweilen in untergeordneter Ausbildung auch an anderen Stellen auf. Die den Wirbel konzentrisch umgebenden Runzeln enden bei der oben angefiihrten Knickungszone der Rippen nicht, vielmehr erscheinen sie in schwicherer Ausbildung an grésseren Zuwachszonen gelegentlich wieder. 1898—1902. No.7.] DIE TRIASFOSSILIEN VOM HEUREKA SUND, 17 Ein Jugendexemplar der Halobia Zitteli vom Blauen Berge zeigt Fig. 7; es ist das besterhaltene von mehreren auf ein und demselben Gesteinsstiicke befindlichen Klappen und hat einen etwas mehr rundlichen Umriss als die typischen Individuen von Halobia Zitteli. Die gleiche Differenz lasst die Zuwachsstreifung erkennen. Es ist daher auch die relative Hodhe der Klappe eine gréssere und nihert sie sich in dieser Beziehung der Halobia Neumayri. Der von Radialrippen freie, nur die konzentrischen Runzeln tragende Prodissoconch ist relativ klein (3.5 mm. hoch), die Radialrippen beginnen daher auch hier schon in sehr jugendlichen Schalenstadien. Eine Anzahl der Radialrippen ist deut- lich gegabelt. Das Bundel feinerer Rippen zunichst dem hinteren Ohre ist auf. fallig ausgebildet. Beide Ohren sind rippenfrei, nur das vordere Ohr zeigt die mediane und die obere randstindige Rippe. Am hinteren Teile des unteren Klappenrandes erscheint die Knickung der Rippen sehr deutlich. Wahrend das vordere Ohr nach unten hin durch eine Radial- ‘furche scharf abgegrenzt ist, fehlt eine solche Begrenzung bei dem hin- teren Ohre. Die Zuwachsstreifen, welche auf dem vorderen Ohre sicht- bar werden, laufen eine Strecke weit fast senkrecht gegen den Schloss- rand hin, wenden sich aber in der Nahe des letzteren entschieden schrige dem Wirbel zu. Das ist der Befund bei dem zuniichst in Betracht ge- zogenen abgebildeten Exemplare. Ein zweites unmittelbar daneben liegendes zeigt folgende Besonder- heiten: auf dem vorderen Obre sind die Zuwachsstreifen regelmiissig und kriftig ausgebildet, wahrend sie auf der wbrigen Schale in unregel- missiger Weise bald feiner bald kraftiger auftreten. Auf die Radial- zone neben dem vorderen Ohre setzen die regelmassigen Runzeln des letzteren nur schwiicher und unregelmissiger fort. Das hintere Ohr ist nach unten durch eine isolierte kriftigere Radialrippe recht deutlich ab- gegrenzt. Die sich sonach ergebenden Abweichungen der beiden Exemplare von den als mehr typisch erscheinenden halte ich fir individuelle, die kaum auf eine besondere Varietit hinweisen. Die Aufstellung eines besonderen Namens ist um so tberflissiger, als ja die beiden Klappen untereinander nicht véllig ubereinstimmen. Daftr aber ist das Studium der individuellen Variationen in diesem Falle lekrreich, da sie eine ge- wisse Inkonstanz mancher der Artcharaktere erkennen lassen. Mit der Halobia Zitteli sind zunachst alle jene Arten zu ver- .gleichen, welche geknickte Rippen besitzen, also in erster Linie: 2 18 ERNST KITTL. [Qnp ARC. EXP. FRAM cia casei aaa aus den Kalken von Hallstatt ! — superba , f -- rugosa Gimp. aus den Reingrabener Schiefern ? — intermedia Moss. aus den Reiflinger Kalken ® — Neumayri Brrrn. von Balia Maden # = fascigera Brrtn. von Bambanag 5, wozu noch einige minder bekannte oder minder wichtige Vorkommnisse anzureihen waren, die an entsprechender Stelle, wenn nétig, erwihnt werden sollen. Halobia intermedia Moss. und Halobia fluwa (Moss.)® sind die- jenigen Formen, bei welchen die Knickung der Rippen noch eine geringe ist und welche auch wohl die geologisch dltesten europiéischen Formen dieser Gruppe sind. Halobia rugosa Gime. dagegen erscheint als die aberranteste aller Formen der Gruppe, zeigt auch gegen Halobia Zitteli in der Skulptur so viele Abweicbungen, dass sie figlich bei einem genaueren Vergleiche ausser Betracht bleiben kann. Als die mit Halobia Zitteli vielleicht niher verwandten Formen ertibrigen sonach: Halobia fallax, H. superba, H. Neumayri, H. fascigera. Halobia superba besitzt eine viel staérkere und weiter ausholende Beugung der Radialrippen; zudem liegt die Beugungszone viel weiter vom Wirbel ab als bei Halobia Zitteli. Etwa zwischen diesen beiden kann Halobia fallax eingefiigt werden; doch schliesst sich letztere der Halobia superba niher an. Auch Halobia Neumayri" zeigt die Rippen- beugungen erst in grésserer Entfernung vom Wirbel (Birrner gibt ,,etwa 15—16 mm.“ an) und erstrecken sich dieselben ebenfalls auf mehrere Zuwachszonen, so dass ich diese Art gerade mit Hal. superba in nihere Beziehung gebracht sehen michte, obgleich Birrner geneigt zu sein ‘ E. von Mossisovics, Uber die triadischen Pelecypodengattungen Daonella und Halobia. Abh. d. k. k. Geolog. Reichsanstalt, Wien, 1874. VII. Bd., No. 2. 2 loc, cit., pag. 31, Taf. IV, Fig. 7—8. 3 Joc. cit., pag. 30, Taf. III, Fig. 5—6. 4 A. Birryer, Triaspetrefakten von Balia in Kleinasien. Jahrb. d. k. k. Geol. Reichs- anstalt Wien. 41. Bd., 1891. 1. Heft, pag. 100. 5 Palaeontologia Indica. Ser. XV. Himalayan fossils. Vol. IU, part 2, A. Birrver, Trias Brachiopoda and Lamellibranchiata. 1899. 6 A. Brrryer, Lamellibranch. d. alp. Trias. Abh. d. k. k. Geol. Reichsanst. Wien, 1895. XVIII Bd., Heft 1, p. 79, Taf. IX, Fig. 27-29. A. Birryer, Triaspetrefakten von Balia in Kleinasien. Jahrbuch der k. k. Geolog. Reichsanstalt in Wien 1891, 41. Bd., pag. 100. a 1898—1902. No.7.] DIE TRIASFOSSILIEN VOM HEUREKA SUND. 19 scheint, diese und andere Arten, bei welchen der Verlauf der Radial- rippen,,jenseits der Hauptunterbrechung wieder ein gerader_ wird‘ }, von jenen Formen scharf getrennt zu halten, welche — wie besonders Halobia rugosa — jenseits der Hauptunterbrechung eine Undulation der Rippen erkennen lassen. Es sind aber nach meiner Auffassung alle Arten mit einer breiten Entwickelung der Beugungszone der Rippen von Halobia Zitteli, welche gewohnlich nur eine einmalige Knickung der Rippen zeigt, in bestimmter Weise unterschieden. Die indische Halobia fascigera Birtn.? steht beziiglich der Breite ihrer Beugungszone zwischen den zwei Extremen, wire also mit Halobia Zitteli niher verwandt, als die friher erwihnten Formen. Doch auch sie besitzt noch zwei Beugungslinien; tiberdies sind die Klappen dieser Art viel héher als jene von Halobia Zitteli. Von Halobia Hochstetteri Moss.* aus Neuseeland meinte A. Brrtner4, dass sie sich der Hal. Zitteli niher anschliesse, als der Hal. rugosa, was wohl nicht zu bezweifeln ist und auch der Anschauung E. v. Mougst- sovics’ nicht widerspricht, welcher die Hal. Zitteli als in der Mitte zwischen der alpinen Halobia rugosa und der neuseeliindischen Halobia Hochstetteri stehend“ betrachtet hat. Es ertibrigt noch die leider ungeniigend bekannte Halobia intermedia Moss. ®, deren Typus jedoch die Knickungslinie der Rippen in viel gris- serer Wirbeldistanz als Halobia Zitteli und die Rippen ausser der Knickungslinie unduliert aufweist. Das wiiren also die Beziehungen der Halobia Zitteli zu den ihr mehr oder weniger formverwandten Arten, welche alle mit hinreichender Sicherheit von ihr unterschieden werden kénnen. Der Umstand, dass siidlich von Spitzbergen — bekanntlich die Heimat der Typen von Halobia Zitteli — auf der Bireninsel durch J. G. Naruorst eine artenreiche Triasfauna entdeckt wurde, legt die Frage ausserordentlich nahe, ob denn die Halobia Zitteli nicht auch in der Trias der Bareninsel auftrete? Sehen wir, was Jon. Boum in seiner schon mehrmals angefiihrten Abhandlung dariiber berichtet. 1 loc. cit. pag. 101. 2 A, Birrver in Palaeontol. Indica. Ser. XV, Vol. III, pt. 2, pag. 45, Taf. VII, Fig. 15. s By. Mossisovics in Abh. d. k. k. Geol. R.. B. VII, Heft 2, pag. 32, Taf. III, Fig. 7—9. “ Jahrb. d. k. k. Geol. R.-A. 1891, pag. 101. ® EB. y. Mossrsovics, loc. cit., pag. 30, Taf. IU, Fig. 5—6. 20 ERNST KITTL. [2D ARC. EXP. FRAM Zuerst fallt auf, dass dort mitten unter den Fossilien der Baren- insel auch Halobia Zitteli angefihrt, im Texte jedoch nur deren Auf- treten auf Spitzbergen erwahnt wird. Was den genannten Autor zu diesem Vorgange veranlasst hat, ist nicht ersichtlich. Die Anfihrung dieser von ihm nur als Vergleichsobjekt herangezogenen Art erweckt der Form nach den Glauben, als hatte J. Boum in der fossilen Fauna der Bareninsel auch Halobia Zitteli gefunden. Erst ein aufmerksamer Leser erkennt, dass das aber nicht der Fall ist. Man findet dann die von J. Boum ausgesprochene Angabe, dass Linpstrims Halobia Zitteli aus zwei verschiedenen Formen zusammengefasst sei, was aus den von Linpstrém und Mogsisovics gegebenen Abbildungen hervorgehe. Dabei will J. Boum nicht die Originale zu Taf. I Fig. 6—12, sondern jenes zu Taf. U Fig. 11 bei Linpstrém als Typus festhalten, welchem Vorgange — die Notwendigkeit einer Trennung vorausgesetzt — auch ich mich gerne anschliessen mochte, weil das Exemplar Fig. 11 auf Taf. Il? ein ausge- wachsenes, die iibrigen aber nur kleinere Jugendexemplare sind. Dem stehen nur die heute geltenden Nomenklaturregeln entgegen, welche eine soleche Umstilpung nicht zulassen. Von den Abbildungen bei Linpstrim erweckt in mir zunichst Fig. 10 ein Bedenken wegen Homogenitit der Art, wahrend die Figuren 11 & 12 auf Taf.I, ferner 7 und 8 kaum ein solches hervorrufen. So wenig als J. Boum kann aber auch ich die von ihm aufgeworfene Frage ohne Untersuchung der Originale zu Taf. [ entscheiden. Vorlaiufig muss ich also die Halobia Zitteli entweder in der vielleicht zu weiten Fassung Linpsrrims oder in der engeren Mosst- sovics’, die ja unausgesprochen schon dem Standpunkte J. Béums ent- spricht, belassen. Hiervon abgesehen halte ich den Umstand fest, dass Hal. Zitteli von der Bareninsel nicht angefiihrt, wohl aber eine Halobia sp. vom Urdsberg auf der Biareninsel® angefiihrt wird, die einen nicht so weit nach vorn geriickten Wirbel und breitere Rippen als Hal. Zitteli be- sitzen, sonst aber. dem Formenkreise der letzteren angehéren soll. Es ist das wohl ein nicht ausgewachsenes Exemplar. Dann_beschreibt J. Boum noch eine Halobia cf. Neumayri Brrtn. vom Tschermakberge+ auf Spitzbergen, die ich wegen der nicht undulierten Ausbildung der Rippen nicht so eng an Hal. Newmayri anschliessen wiirde und von 1 Kk. Svenska Vet. Ak. Handl. B. 87, No. 8, p. 30. 2 Es liegt mir ein Gypsabguss davon vor. 3 loc. cit, pag. 82, Taf. HI, Fig. 32. * loc. cit, pag. 82, Taf. III, Fig. 29. 1898—1902. No.7.] | DIE TRIASFOSSILIEN VOM HEUREKA SUND. Pal der Bareninsel als neue Art eine Daonella Lovéni!, die nach meiner Meinung zum Teile oder ganz der Halobia Zitteli anzureihen wire. Namentlich scheint mir das von J. Boum in Fig. 30 auf Taf. III (loc. cit.) abgebildete Fragment mit Halobia Zitteli véllig tibereinzustimmen. Die anderen Originale der Daonella Lovéni zeigen keine Rippenknickung. Wohl mit Riicksicht auf diese letzteren vergleicht Boum die Art mit Daonella cf. Richthofeni Brrrn.2 Gerade diese Exemplare sind als die Haupttypen von Daonella Lovéni zu betrachten. Durch die Erkenntnis der Ubereinstimmung des eben zitierten einen Originals von ,Daonella Lovéni* mit Halobia Zitteli 3 ergibt sich die Wahrscheinlichkeit des Vorhandenseins der letzteren Art in der Trias der Béareninsel. Fundorte: Ausser Spitzbergen (und Bireninsel ?): Barenkapland, Depot im Heurekasund, Blauer Berg im Grayfjord (hier in dunklem Kalkschiefer und in aschgrauem Kalkstein). Die ziemliche Entfernung dieser zwei Gruppen nordischer Fundorte lisst immerhin auf eine weitere horizontale Verbreitung der Art in der nordischen Trias schliessen. Bemerkenswert ist die Wiederkehr der Art an verschiedenen Punkten der Gegend des Heurekasundes, was wohl auf das Durchziehen eines Horizontes mit Halobia Zitteli hinweist. 6. Halobia sp. juv. (H. Zitteli? Linpstr.) In den Kalksteinen der Hutinsel fanden sich (u. z. in verschiedenen Proben) einzelne juvenile Halobien. Die meisten derselben sind konzen- trisch gerunzelt, wie das bei jugendlichen Halobien gewdéhnlich der Fal ist; sie stimmen mit Jugendschalen von Halobia Zitteli Linpstr. gut tberein; daraus mochte ich aber noch nicht in bestimmter Weise auf eine artliche Identitat schliessen, da der Artcharakter erst in mittleren Alters- und Wachstumsstadien in scharfer erkennbarer Weise ausgebildet 1 loc. cit, pag. 33, Taf. III, Fig. 22, 25, 30, 31. 2 A. Brrtyer, Die Lamellibranchiaten der alpinen Trias, Abh. d. k k. Geol. Reichs- anst. Wien, XVIII. Bd., 1. Heft, 1895, pag. 78, Taf. IX, Fig. 23. 3 Ich zitiere hier nach J. Boum: ,Daonella“ Lovéni, bemerke jedoch, dass die Art wohl eine Halobia ist, da sie — wie das mir vorliegende Exemplar des Originales zu Taf. III Fig. 22 (J. Boum loc. cit.) zeigt — ein durch eine Furche deutlich begrenztes rippenfreies vorderes Ohr besitzt, das J. Bou nur als rippen- freie Flaiche erwahnt. An der Grenzfurche des vorderen Ohres zeigt sich eine leichte, aber immerhin deutliche Beugung der Zuwachsstreifen. Der Byssus- ausschnitt an dieser Stelle ist damit wenigstens angedeutet. (Vgl. A. Brrryer, Himalayan fossils, Brachiopoda and Lamellibranchiata, pag. 87 & 88). 22 ERNST KITTL. [QND ARC. EXP. FRAM wird. Es ist aber wohl mit Riicksicht auf die weite Verbreitung der Hal. Zitteli die nachstliegende Annahme, die Halobien der Hutinsel fir zu Hal. Zitteli gehorig zu halten. Die beiliufige Ubereinstimmung der Cephalopoden der Kalke der Hutinsel mit jenen der Schiefer des Baren- kaplandes ware ein weiterer, indes nicht beweiskrafliger Umstand, der dabei zu beachten ist. Fundort: Hutinsel im Bayfjord (6 Exemplare). 7. Gervilleia (?) cf. Loewenighi J. Boum. Eine Gervilleia oder Avicula von der Gestalt und Grésse der Gervilleia Loewenighi! wird durch ein fragmentiires Exemplar reprasentiert. Es ist so schriég und stark gewélbt, wie die genannte Art, zeigt konzen- trische Zuwachsstreifen, aber nur Spuren einer Radialskulptur, diese letzteren gleichwohl in derselben Region, wie nach J. Béum Gervilleia Loewenighi. Da bei der letzteren Art die Richtigkeit der generischen Bestimmung durch die Kenntnis des Schlossrandes ausser allem Zweifel steht, so mag wohl auch unser Exemplar von der Hutinsel eine Ger- villeia sein, was sich an dem vorliegenden Exemplare nicht erheben lasst, da der Schlossrand fehlt. Fundort: Hutinsel im Bayfjord. 8. Lima (Plagiostoma) Hakoni Kirru n. f. Taf. II, Fig. 4. Ein allerdings nur in Fragmenten vorliegendes Exemplar von der Hutinsel, welches der bekannten Art des deutschen Muschelkalkes Lima lineata an Grisse mindestens gleichkommt, sich in der Skulptur den kraftig gerippten Varietiten der letzteren nahert und in der Verzierung der Schale mit Lima radiata sehr gut tibereinstimmt, darf wohl als nahezu identisch mit der letztgenannten Art angesehen werden. Der Gréssen- unterschied ist allerdings ein immerhin noch so bedeuteuder, dass viel- leicht ein besonderer Name fiir das Vorkommen auf der Hutinsel gerecht- fertigt ware. Ich wirde in Vorschlag bringen: Lima (Plagiostoma) Hakoni n. f. ' Jou. Boum, Die obertriadische Fauna der Biireninsel, loc. cit., pag. 26, Taf. IV, Fig. 138 & 17, 1898—1902. No. 7.] DIE TRIASFOSSILIEN VOM HEUREKA SUND. 23 Lima radiata wurde von Gotpruss zuerst aus dem Muschelkalke von Bayreuth beschrieben !, wobei auf die breiten Rippen und schmalen Zwischenfurchen besonders Gewicht gelegt wurde. Aus dem Saaltale bei Jena beschrieben dann Scumip und Scuemwen? vielleicht nur eine Varietit derselben mit quergestreiften Furchen als Lima interpuncta- tum. Das eine von Goxpruss in Fig. 4a & b loc. cit. abgebildete Exemplar besitzt eine Hihe von 80 mm., wahrend die Type von Lima interpunctatum Scum. et Scat. bedeutend kleiner ist. Es kann daher die Selbstandigkeit der letzteren ohne erneute Untersuchungen nicht als ganz sichergestellt gelten. Fiir unsere Zwecke ist das jedoch nicht von Wichtigkeit, da Lima Hakoni zu Lima interpunctatum viel geringere Beziehungen zeigt als zu Lima radiata. Weil aber die letztere angeblich durch Ubergange mit der Lima lineata Scutotu. verbunden ist und Lima Hakoni grossen Exemplaren von Lima lineata in den Dimensionen nahekommt, so sei hier nur darauf hingewiesen, dass schon Gorpruss neben den Differenzen der Skulptur die geringere Wolbung der Schalen bei Lima radiata bemerkt hat®, Ferner ist — was nicht hervorgehoben wurde — die Zuriick- woilbung der Schalen auf der Hinterseite zum Schlossrande hin bei Lima radiata eine weniger bedeutende*. Es ist nun nicht von ge- ringem Interesse, dass Lima Hakoni in den erwaihnten Wolbungsver- haltnissen wohl mit Lima radiata, aber nicht mit Lima lineata iiber- einstimmt, sich also in jeder Beziehung an Lima radiata recht nahe anschliesst. i Es mag nun schliesslich noch erwahnt sein, dass J. Boum von der Bareninsel ein in ihrer Grosse sich der Lima Hakoni nihernde, aber anders berippte Lima als Lima Rijpi beschreibt®, sowie eine in der Berippung kaum verschiedene kleinere Art als Lima Svenanderi®. Es ist immerhin interessant, auf der Bareninsel in Ablagerungen von ahn- lichem Alter wie jene der Hutinsel, auch wieder grosse Lima-Formen vertreten zu finden. Fundort: Hutinsel im Bayfjord. 1 A. Goupruss, Petrefacta Germaniae, II, pag. 79, Taf. C., Fig. 4. 2 FE. KE. Scamp und M. J. Scruzipen, Die geogn. Verb. des Saaltales bei Jena, 1846, pag. 42, Taf. IV, Fig. 6. 3 Goxpruss, loe lit., pag. 78 u. 79. 4 In Ubereinstimmung mit AvBerti (Uberblick tiber die Trias, pag. 77) glaube ich die Selbstindigkeit der Lima radiata annehmen zu sollen. 5 J. Boum, loc. cit., pag. 21, Taf. IL, Fig. 6. 6’ J, Boum, loc. cit, pag. 20, Taf. II, Fig. 7, 8, 15 & 21. 24 ERNST KITTL. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM 9. Lima (Plagiostoma) hatensis Kirtt. n. f. Taf. Il, Fig. 5 u. 6. In zahlreichen, meist jedoch nur fragmentarisch erhaltenen Stiicken fand sich eine Lima, in der Gestalt beiliufig der Lima lineata ahnlich, von welcher sie sich aber u. a. besonders durch die viel geringere Grasse und eine schwiichere Skulptur unterscheidet. Eine sehr feine konzentrische Zuwachsstreifung ist die einzige deutliche Skulptur auf der Schalenober- fliche, die zumeist ganz glatt erscheint. Nach Beobachtungen an einigen Schalenfragmenten diirften hie und da sehr schwache Radialfurchen auf- treten. . Die inneren Schalenlagen zeigen eine unregelmiissige, wohl auf die Schalenstruktur zurtickfihrbare radiale Streifung. Das Schlossfeld ist sehr kurz. Wie Lima lineata gehért auch Lima hatensis zu der Untergattung Plagiostoma. Aus dem deutschen Muschelkalk fiihrt schon 1842 (Neues Jahrb. f. Min. 1842 pag. 311) Wissmanw eine ungestreifte Lima (nach ihm hoéher als Pecten laevigatus und ungleichseitiger) an, die in Graf Monsters Sammlung als Lima venusta Mstr. liege. Unter diesem Namen zitiert Arperti (Uberblick tiber die Trias pag. 81) ahnliche Exemplare. Eine Abbildung dieser Art existiert nicht. Durch A. Birtner u. a. ist eine ganze Reihe von glatten Lima- Arten aus der alpinen Trias bekannt geworden, die aber meist der Untergattung Mysidioptera zufallen. Mit unserer Art dirflen sie alle kaum niher zu vergleichen sein, am ehesten noch gewisse schwach skulpturierte Formen, die sich an Lima subpunctata Ors. anschliessen }. Gréssere Analogien mit unserer neuen Art zeigt aber ein von J. Boum als Lima spitebergensis Lunver. von der Bareninsel beschriebenes und abgebildetes Exemplar?. Lunperens Abbildung der Art® zeigt einen sehr stumpfen Wirbel, (vielleicht wegen dessen Steinkernerhaltung?) und einen Umriss, der recht lebhaft an Zima lineata Scutoru. erinnert, womit LunpGren auch seine Lima spitzbergensis vergleicht. Durch die zahlreicheren und feineren Radialfurchen ist letztere indessen von Lima lineata in bestimmter Weise unterschieden. Lunpcrens Type der Lima spitzbergensis kann ich, da sie mir nicht vorliegt und die Abbildung derselben fiir genauere Vergleiche ungeniigend ist, nicht weiter in Betracht ziehen. Die von J. Boum unter demselben Namen loc. cit. 1 Vgl. A. Brrrner, Lamellibr. d. alp. Trias, pag. 170—172, Taf. XXI. 2 J. Boum, loc. cit. ° B. Lunpcren, Bemerk. iiber Jura- u. Triasfossilien von Spitzbergen. Bihang till K. Sv. Vet. Ak. Handlingar, Bd. 8, No. 12, pag. 20, Taf. II, Fig. 17. 1898—1902. No. 7.] DIE TRIASFOSSILIEN VOM HEUREKA SUND. 25 Taf. Il, Fig. 2 & 3 abgebildeten Fragmente scheinen in der Tat zu Lima spitzbergensis zu gehiren. Wenigstens zeigen sie die vordere und die hintere Radialstreifung. In der Grésse und im Umrisse ent- spricht der Lima hatensis am besten die von J. Boum auf Taf. II in Fig. 48 (loc. cit.) abgebildete Klappe, die aber nur als glatter Steinkern erhalten ist und die Beschaffenheit der Schalenoberflache daher nicht zu erkennen gestattet. Ubrigens ist auch dieses Exemplar flacher und etwas kiirzer als Lima hatensis, so dass eine Identitait der zwei Arten nicht angenommen werden kann, obgleich manche Analogien zwischen ihnen bestehen. Die Verschiedenheit in den Wélbungsverhaltnissen der Schalen, und in der Skulptur, endlich die etwas laingere Gestalt der Lima hatensis bilden die Differenzen beider Arten. Fundort: Hutinsel im Bayfjord. 10. Zima (?) boreas Kirt 7. f. Taf. Il, Fig. 1—2. Zwei unvollstandige Klappen besassen wohl, wie in den Abbildungen angedeutet, subovalen Umriss mit abgestutzter Wirbelregion; sie sind ziemlich flach gewolbt, mit zahlreichen (ich zahle tber 60) Radialrippen geziert, die gegen die Schlossrander dichter gedrangt und feiner ausge- bildet sind. Hie und da erscheinen sie etwas wellig gebogen. Die Rippenzah] ist bei jugendlichen Individuen eine viel kleinere; sie mehrt sich bei dem Weiterwachsen der Schale durch Einschaltung neuer, schwacherer Rippen. Die erwahnten unregelmassig welligen Biegungen der Rippen scheinen durch Verschiebungen lings gewisser Zuwachs- streifen bedingt zu sein. Auf der hinteren Seite ist ein dreieckiges Ohr durch eine Furche von der tbrigen Schale deutlich abgegrenzt. Von den zwei abgebildeten Exemplaren dirfte wohl das zu Fig. 1 die rechte Klappe, das andere (Fig. 2) die linke Klappe darstellen. Die Gattungsbestimmung ist wegen der Unvollstindigkeit der vor- liegenden Reste unsicher. Sie wirden durch ihre Skulptur auch an andere Gattungen wie z. B. Terquemia erinnern, werden aber wohl am ehesten zu Lima gehoren, was aber natiilich erst sichergestellt werden kann, bis der Schlossrand vollstindiger bekannt geworden sein wird. Die relativ grosse Liinge des Hinterfliigels wiirde — vorausgesetzt dass ein Limide vorliegt — fir die Zugehdrigkeit zu der Untergattung Mysi- dioptera sprechen. Bezitiglich der Skulptur zeigt Lima (?) boreas m. 26 ERNST KITTL. [2nD ARC. EXP. FRAM einige Ahnlichkeit mit Monotis boreas Opera; eine genauere Ver- gleichung dieser Art, von welcher es mir scheint, dass sie keine Monotis sei?, war mir leider nicht méglich. Fundort: Hutinsel im Bayfjord. 11. Pecten (Entolium) cf. Obergi Lunoer. Taf. I, Fig. 8. Die Schalen sind fast kreisrund, glatt, mit zwei inneren dicken sub- marginalen Schalenleisten. Die Ohren sind gegen den Schlossrand ver- schmitlert (?). Die hier kurz charakterisierte Pecten-Art gehért zu einer triadischen Gruppe glatter Pectenformen mit 2—4 inneren Radialleisten, wozu vor allen Pecten discites Scutotu. zu stellen ist®. Die zwei oberen dieser leistenfrmigen Schalenverdickungen entsprechen, wie schon Putuippr be- merkte, der ausseren Grenze der Ohren‘#; sie sind bei vielen Pecten- formen mehr oder weniger deutlich ausgebildet, so bei Pecten sub- demissus Mstr.*, Pecten incognitus Brrrn.®, Pecten Hellit Emmr. *, Pecten Zitteli Wiurm.® u. a. Die erwiihnten Leisten treten bei allen Arten der Gruppe besonders kriftig an relativ dickschaligen Klappen alterer Individuen auf®. Dies ist wohl auch bei dem vorliegenden Innen- abdrucke einer Klappe der Fall. Pecten Obergi Lunver., von dem ich die mir vorliegenden Exem- plare (leider sind fast alle fragmentarisch) kaum zu trennen wage, wurde zuerst durch LunpGren von Spitzbergen beschrieben 1°. Dieser Autor ' P. Oserc, Om Trias-forsteningar fran Spetsbergen. K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl. Bd. 14 (1877), No. 14, pag. 17, Taf. V, Fig. 5. Der fast kreisférmige Umriss wiirde eber auf die Gattung Pecten hindeuten. E. Puiierr, Zur Stammesgeschichte der Pectiniden. Zeitschr. der Deutschen geolog. Ges. 52. Bd., 1900, pag. 79, bildet in Textfigur 3 die erwiahnten inneren Schalenleisten ab. 4 Puiuiprr, loc. cit. 5 A. Brrrner, Lamellibr. d. Trias, loc. cit. pag. 164, Taf. XIX, Fig. 20. A. Brrrner, Lamellibranchiaten aus der Trias des Bakonyer Waldes. (Result. d. wissensch. Erforsch. d. Balatonsees I. Bd. 1. Th.) 1901, pag. 35. * A. Bitrner, loc. cit. pag. 105, Taf. VIIL, Fig. 36 u. 37. F. Brom, Die Fauna der Pachycardientuffe, Palaeontographica L. Band, 1903, pag. 172. Taf. XIX, Fig. 19-21. Das Vorkommen der 4 internen Radialrippen ist nicht auf die in Rede stehende triadische Gruppe beschriinkt und findet sich z. B. schon im Perm, wo Ento- lium Salinchieti Gorr. ein ausgezeichnetes Beispiel eines echten Entolium dar- bietet, das auch die 4 internen Radialrippen zeigt (vgl. M. Gorrani, La fauna degli strati a Bellerophon della Carnia. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia XII, 1906, Taf. 1V, Fig. 15). 1° B. Lunperen, Bemerk. iib. d. v. d. Schwed. Exp. n. Spitzbergen 1882 gesamm. Jura- u. Trias-Fossilien. Bihang till K. Sv. Vet. Ak. Handl. Bd. VIII, No. 12, (1883) pag. 19, Taf. Il, Fig. 15. 2 3 1898— 1902. No.7.] DIE TRIASFOSSILIEN VOM HEUREKA SUND. 97 erwahnt nichts von inneren Schalenleisten und das wohl deshalb, weil er nur die Aussenseite der Schale kannte. Er vergleicht die Art mit Pecten discites, aber unzutreffender Weise auch mit Pecten laevigatus SCHLOTH. Sodann stellte auch J. Boum kirzlich Reste von der Bareninsel zu Pecten Obergi!, wobei er bemerkt: ,Hart unter dem rechten Ohr liegt der vertiefte Abdruck einer inneren Falte“ 2. Wenn aber seine in Fig. 20 gelieferte Abbildung richtig ist, so unterliegt es keinem Zweifel, dass Pecten Obergi von der Bareninsel 4 innere Leisten besass, wie Pecten discites, da sich die 2 grésseren derselben aus den zwei ihnen ent- sprechenden Radiallinien der Schalenoberfliche erschliessen lassen. Fundorte: Barenspitze (loser Block) in der Barenbucht im Heu- rekasund; Hutinsel im Bayfjord. 12. Pecten (Entolium) Obergi Lunper. B. Lunperen, Bihang till K. Svenska Vet. Ak. Handl. VIII, No. 12, (1883), pag. 19, Taf II, Fig. 15. J. Boum, K. Svenska Vet. Ak. Handl. Bd. 37, No. 3, pag. 21. Taf. H, Fig. 14 u. 20. Aus den hellgrauen Kalken der Grossen Insel liegen einige Frag- mente einer glatten Pectenart vor, wovon eines in sehr vollkommener Weise mit J. Béums Abbildungen von Pecten Obergi tbereinstimmt. Unter der Schale kommen die Abdriicke der inneren Radialleisten zum Vorschein. Beziiglich der weiteren Beziehungen der Art sei auf die Bemerkungen bei Art 11 und die dortigen Literaturangaben verwiesen. Fundort: Depot auf der Grossen Insel im Heurekasund. 13. Pecten (Chlamys) Oscari Kirtt n. f. Taf. If, Fig. 9 u. 10. Der Umriss der rechten Klappen (nur solche liegen vor) ist nahezu kreisférmig mit grossen schmalen vorderen und dreieckigen hinteren Ohren. Unterhalb des ersteren ist der tiefe Byssusausschnitt. Die Ober- fliche der Schale ist mit zahlreichen (etwa 50) Radialrippen von wech- selnder Starke bedeckt, die sich im zweiten Drittel der Schalenhéhe gegen den Wirbel zu abschwachen und darnach nahezu ganz verschwinden. Das vordere Ohr ist mit etwa 4 Radialrippen geziert, die gegen den 1 J, Boum, loc. cit., pag. 21, Taf. U, Fig. 14 & 20, > loc. cit. pag. 22. 28 ERNST KITTL. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Byussusausschnitt zu etwas kraftiger werden; das hintere Ohr tragt etwas schwiichere Rippen. Ausser der Radialskulptur ist eine wellige konzentrische Skulptur vorhanden, deren Ausbildung nicht nur von In- dividuum zu Individuum wechselt, sondern selbst an derselben Klappe in den verschiedenen Anwachszonen in recht verschiedener Weise hervortritt. Bei einer Breite und Héhe von 19 mm. besitzt das vordere Ohr des in Fig. 10 abgebildeten Exemplares eine Linge von 8 mm., das hintere eine solche von mindestens 5.5 mm. Ganz vollstindige Klappen diirften eine gréssere Linge auch des hinteren Ohres aufweisen, worauf auch das kleinere in Fig. 9 abgebildete Exemplar hindeutet. Jugendliche Klappen wie Fig. 9 erscheinen etwas vorgebogen, altere dagegen werden mehr symmetrisch ausgebildet, wie ein Vergleich der beiden Abbildungen lehrt. Pecten Oscari gehirt in die Verwandtschaft des Pecten pervulgatus Bitty.?, ist aber besonders charakterisiert durch die gréssere Anzahl der Radialrippen sowie durch deren Ausbreitung auch tber den Hinter- rand, wo sie sich allerdings bedeutend verflachen. Eine der beiden Klappen von Pecten Oscari ahnelt mehr dem Pecten pervulgatus, die andere dagegen mehr dem Pecten Hammeri Birtn.2, in soweit die Skulptur in Betracht kommt. Die erstgenannte Klappe zeigt leider nur die Innenseite, wahrend bei der zweiten die Schale parallel der Schalen- oberfliche durchgebrochen ist, so dass eine korrekte Vergleichung un- ausfiihrbar ist. Das eine lasst sich jedoch feststellen, dass Pecten Oscari eine Rippenzahl besizt, die etwa doppelt so gross ist, wie bei Pecten pervulgatus, dessen Rippenzahl von Bittner auf etwa 30 angegeben wird. Darnach erscheint mir die Anwendung eines neuen Namens (Pecten Oscari) fir die Exemplare vom Heurekasund geniigend gerecht- fertigt. Durch seine Berippung, insbesondere aber durch das Auftreten kraf- tiger Radialrippen ahnelt unser Pecten Oscari vielleicht auch dem Peec- ten auristriatus Msrr. von St. Cassian®, einem kleinen angeblich glatten Pecten mit verziertem Ohr. A. Brrrner gibt einen Pecten cf. auristriatus als auf der Seelandalpe haufig und auch sonst in Cassianer Schichten vorkommend an‘. Dieser ist nicht ganz glatt, doch ist die Skulptur des- ‘ A. Brrrver, Brachiopoden und Lamellibranchiaten aus der Trias von Bosnien etc. Jahrb. d. k. k. Geolog. Reichsanst. Wien, 52. Bd., 1902 (1908) pag. 609 u. 610. 2 loc. cit., pag. 610. 5 Minster, Beitraége zur Petrefactenkunde IV., Taf. VI, Fig. 35. “A. Brrryer, Lamellibranchiaten der alpinen Trias. Abhandl. d. k. k. Geolog. Reichsanst. Wien, XVIII. Bd., Heft 1, 1825, pag. 165. 1808—1902. No.7.] | DIE TRIASFOSSILIEN VOM HEUREKA SUND. 99 selben nur schwach ausgebildet. Etwas besser entwickelt ist sie auf einem unter demselben Namen durch A. Birtyer aus der Trias von Veszprem abgebildeten und beschriebenen Pecten!. Hier zeigen sich deut- liche Radialrippen, von welchen einzelne kraftiger ausgebildet sind; jene des Byssusohres sind auf den unteren gegen den Byssusausschnitt zu gelegenen Rand zusammengedriingt, wihrend der obere Teil des Ohres nach Birrner rippentrei ist. Einen ahnlichen Typus der Skulptur besitzt nun auch Pecten Oscari. Der kleine angeblich glatte Pecten auristriatus Mstr. stellt vielleicht nur das Jugendstadium der grisseren berippten Schalen dar, welche Brrtner als Pecten cf. awristriatus beschrieben hat. Wie oben angegeben, liegen von Pecten Oscari nur rechte Klappen vor. Indessen stimmt eine ziemlich vollstaindige linke Klappe von der Grossen Insel mit Pecten Oscari bis auf die Zahl der Radialrippen und selbstverstiindlich auch bis auf das vordere Ohr tiberein, das keinen Byssus- ausschnitt zeigt. Die Anzahl der Radialrippen ist aber nur etwa 30, wie bei Pecten pervulgatus, dem diese linke Klappe darnach naher stehen wiirde, wenn sie einen rippenfreien Hinterrand besisse. Das ist aber nicht der Fall; vielmehr erstreckt sich die Berippung auch auf den Hinterrand, wie bei Pecten Oscari. Mit weiterer Beriicksichtigung des Umstandes, dass die besprochene linke Klappe noch relativ klein ist, also wohl ein Jugendstadium reprisentiert, kénnte sie als wahrscheinlich zu Pecten Oscari gehirig betrachtet werden. Die besondere Linge des Schloss- randes und die Grisse der Ohren wiirden diesbeziiglich kaum als ein Hindernis dieser Anschauung zu betrachten sein, da sie.an beiden abge- bildeten Exemplaren von Pecten Oscari: kaum vollstandig sichtbar sind. Fundorte: Depdt auf der Grossen Insel im Heurekasund (7 Exemplare), Hutinsel im Bayfjord. 14, Pecten(?) sp. Taf. Il, Fig. 3. Eines kleines, rundliches, fast glattes Schalchen mit breiten flachen Radialrippen am Rande zeigt nach Art der rechten Klappen von Pseudo- monotis ein Ohr, das sich an eine radiale Ausbuchtung der Schale an- fit, wahrend auf der anderen Seite des Schlossrandes ein deutlich ab- gesetztes Ohr nicht zu erkennen oder bloss nicht erhalten ist. Nach den Analogien zu schliessen, muss erstere eine rechte Klappe sein. Ware 1 A. Birrner, Lamellibranchiaten aus der Trias des Bakonyer Waldes. Resultate der wissensch. Erforschung des Balatonsees. I. Bd., 1. Th. pag. 47. 30 ERNST KITTL. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM die vorliegende Klappe nicht gewolbt, sondern flach, so kénnte sie zu Pseudomonotis gestellt werden. Unter den obwaltenden Umstiinden muss das unterbleiben. Das einzige vorliegende Exemplar zeigt zwar eine Schale, jedoch nicht deren Oberfliche; die erwahnten schwachen Radial- rippen deuten daher auf eine kraftigere Radialskulptur der Schalenober- fliche hin. Ist aber das vorliegende Exemplar eine rechte Klappe wie ich oben darzutun versucht habe, so entspricht sie keineswegs der Gat- tung Pseudomonotis , eher der Gattung Pecten. Die erwihnte nur andeutungsweise bekannte Skulptur kénnte nur derjenigen der linken Klappe von Pseudomonotis (Subg. Eumorphoti s) entsprechen!. Ware an dem untersuchten Exemplare ein Hinterfliigel entwickelt, so konnte man dasselbe unbedenklich zu Avicula stellen, woftr alle sonstigen erkennbaren Eigenschaften passen wirden. Fundort: Hutinsel im Bayfjord. 15. Gryphaea Skuld J. Boum. Taf. II, Fig. 7. J. Boum, Ub. d. obertriad. Fauna d. Bireninsel. K. Sv. Vet. Ak. Handl. Bd. 87, No. 3, p. 17, Taf. I, Fig. 36, 89 —41. Diese durch J. Boum beschriebene und recht gut abgebildete Art glaube ich mit hinreichender Sicherheit unter den Materialien vom Biren- kaplande zu erkennen. Die mir durch die Liebenswiirdigkeit Professor G. Hoims zugiinglich gewesenen Originale der Art? stimmen recht gut mit dem einzigen Exemplare vom Biirenkaplande iiberein. Das letztere zeigt noch Teile der Schale erhalten, die aber nicht jene Dicke auf- weisen, welche man von einer Gryphaea zu erwarten vielleicht berech- ligt ware. Fundort: Ammonitenberg am Birenkaplande, 1 Ex. 16. Gryphaea cf. Keilhaui J. Boum. Eine kleine von der Hutinsel vorliegende Muschel, die einer Gry- phaea sehr ahnlich ist, darf wohl am besten an Gryphaea Keilhaui 1 Vel. A. Birrver, Uber Pseudomonotis Telleri u. verwandte Arten d. unt. Trias. Jahrb. d. k. k. Geol. Reichsanst. Wien. 50. Bd., 1900. 2 Das von J. Boum loc. cit. in Fig. 41 abgebildete Exemplar ist wohl dasjenige, an welchem er den Schliessmuskeleindruck beobachtet hat, der in der Tat recht deutlich abgegrenzt sichtbar ist, wihrend die Abbildung des Stiickes diesen Eindruck nur recht undeutlich und verschwommen wahrnehmen lisst. 1898— 1902, No.7.] DIE TRIASFOSSILIEN VOM HEUREKA SUND. 31 J. Béum von der Bareninsel! angeschlossen werden. Von diesem Fund- orte hat J. Boum auch die viel flacher gewolbte Gr. Skuld beschrieben, die hier zu Vergleichszwecken ausser Betracht bleiben kann, weil das von der Hutinsel vorliegende Exemplar noch stirker gewolbt zu sein scheint, als Gryphaea Keilhaui. Fundort: Hutinsel im Bayfjord. 17. Leda (Phaenodesmia) regia Kirt n. f. Taf. I, Fig. 11. Von der Gattung Leda trennte A. Brrryer eine durch ein dusseres Ligament ausgezeichnete kleine Gruppe von Triasformen ab2, die er treffend Phaenodesmia benannte. Zu dieser Gattung oder Untergat- tung, wie sie wohl am besten autgefasst wird, scheint auch die in dem folgenden zu beschreibende neue Art zu gehdren. Darauf deutet eine riickwaérts vom Wirbel liegende Aufbiegung des Schlossrandes hin. Uberdies stimmt die neue Art in ihrer Gestalt ausserordentlich nahe mit Phaenodesmia Laubeana Bitty. von St. Cassian iiberein, wird aber viel grésser. Leda (Phaenodesmia) regia besitzt langgestreckte, geschwiinzte, dicke Schalen mit sehr deutlich ausgepragter, fast scharfer, konzentrischer Rip- pung, welche der Zuwachsstreifung entspricht. Unter den Wirbeln tritt ein kraftiger Kiel auf die hintere Seitenfliche hervor, der sich langs des Schlossrandes bis zum Ende des Schwanzes erstreckt. Unmittelbar vor diesem Kiele liegt eine breite flache Radialfurche, in welcher sich die dartiber hinweglaufenden Rippen leicht einbiegen, zwischen jenem Kiele und dem Schlossrande aber mit einer konvexen Biegung ausgestattet sind. Auf dieser so beschaffenen Area Jauft die Zuwachsstreifung nach einer auf dem Kiele erfolgenden Knickung unter spitzem Winkel gegen die Schlosslinie zu. Die Wirbel sind schwach prosogyr; das Schildchen ist nur undeutlich begrenzt. Das abgebildete Exemplar (es ist das einzige vollstindigere) zeigt eine Asymmetrie, indem das hintere Schalenende etwas gekriimmt erscheint; wahrend die linke Klappe in dieser Gegend fast konvex ist, zeigt die rechte eine leichte Aushéhlung. Leda regia ist wohl eine der gréssten Arten der Gattung. Fundort: Hutinsel im Bayfjord. 1 J. Boum, loc. cit., pag. 16, Taf. 1, Fig. 85, 37-38, 44—46, 50—52. 2 A. Birrver, Lamellibranchiaten d. alpinen Trias. Abhandl. d. k. k. Geolog, Reichsanst. Wien 1905. XVIII. Bd., 1. Heft, pag. 145. 3 loc. cit., pag. 146, Taf. XVIII, Fig. 15.. 32 ERNST KITTL. [2np ARC. EXP. FRAM 18. Palaeoneilo? cf. lunaris J. Boum. Taf. Ill, Fig. 5. Kine aus den grauen Kalken der Hutinsel vorliegende linke Klappe stelle ich nur auf Grund ausserer Ahnlichkeit zu Palaeoneilo, ohne dass mir das Schloss bekannt geworden wire. Zeigt sich bei dem Vergleiche des mir vorliegenden Exemplares mit Palaeoneilo elliptica GoLpF. sp. von St. Cassian! schon eine auffillige Ubereinstimmung in Umriss und Zuwachsstreifen (wobei P. elliptica nur einen mehr gerade gestreckten hinteren Schlossrand und starkere Aufblahung erkennen lisst), so fallen diese Differenzen bei einer Gegeniiberstellung mit Palaeoneilo lunaris J. Boum? fast ganz fort, so dass der Rest von der Hutinsel vielleicht direkt mit der letztgenannten Art zu identifizieren wiire. Fundort. MHutinsel im Bayfjord. 19. Nucula? sp. Der iiusseren Erscheinung nach kénnten zwei fragmentarische Ex- emplare zu Nucula gehiren. Etwas ahnlich ware ihnen, wenn eine hintere Kante vorhanden wire, der ohnedies problematische Megalodon rotundatus J. Boum?. Fundort: Hutinsel im Bayfjord. 20. Cardinia(?) ovula Kirt. n. f. Taf. Il, Fig. 12—13. Die Schalen sind schrig eiférmig mit etwas vorstehendem, stark nach vorne gerticktem und in diesem Sinne eingerolltem Wirbel, aus- gehohlter, kantig begrenzter Area, kraftigen, konzentrischen regelmiissig ausgebildeten Zuwachsrippen, die nur bis zur Areakante reichen. Der Schlossapparat ist nicht bekannt. Der letzterwihnte Umstand verhindert eine sichere Gattungsbestim- mung der vorliegenden so charakteristischen Art. Sie an Gonodon Scuaru.* anzuschliessen, wo eine sehr ahnliche Skulptur auftritt, ist un- ‘ Vgl. A. Brrrner, Lamellibr. d. alp. Trias. loc. cit, pag. 142, Taf. XVI, Fig. 26—31. * J. Boum, Die obertriad. Fauna der Bireninsel, loc. cit., pag. 40, Taf. IV, Fig. 18, * J. Boum, Die obertriadische Fauna der Biireninsel, loc. cit., pag. 48, Taf. V. Fig. 15—16. * Eine gréssere Zahl triadischer Arten dieser Gattung heschrieb A. Brrrner (be- sonders in: ,Lamellibranchiaten der alpinen Trias“ loc. cit.). 1898 — 1902. No. 7.] DIE TRIASFOSSILIEN VOM HEUREKA SUND. 33 tunlich, da die dahin gehérigen Arten durchwegs mehr symmetrische Schalen besitzen. Von anderen unserer Art ahnlichen und in Betracht kommenden Gattungen waren zu nennen: Pleuromya Ac., Pachy- cardia Haw.+ und Cardinia Ac. Davon bietet Plewromya wohl die geringsten Analogien dar. Pachycardia dagegen besitzt eine vdllig tibereinstimmende Skulptur; nur im Umrisse tritt die so bezeichnende Verschmialerung der Hinterseite auf, die unserer Art ganz abgeht. Dass auch die bei Pachycardia haufig erscheinende Lunula unserer Art fehlt, ware kein Hindernis, letztere zu Pachycardia zu stellen, da ja — wie ich zeigen konnte? — im bosnischen Muschelkalke eine Pachycardia ‘ohne Lunula (P. alunulata) vorkommt. Am meisten analog unserer Art sind Formen der Gattung Cardinia gestaltet; wir finden dort einen ahnlichen Umriss, eine gleiche Skulptur und haufig auch die Andeutung einer Area, ganz wie bei unserer Art. Ich stelle die letztere daher vor- laufig zu Cardinia. Sieht man von Trigonodus Sanps., welche Gattung auch als Unter- gattung von Cardinia betrachtet wird, ab, so wurde Cardinia ovula — die wirkliche Zugehdrigkeit zu Cardinia vorausgesetzt — den ersten Vertreter der Gattung in der Trias vorstellen. Fundort: Hutinsel im Bayfjord (6 Exemplare). 21. Cardita(?) ursina Kirt. n. f. Taf. Il, Fig. 15. Mit Zogern nur stelle ich eine grosse Klappe zu Cardita, die, ob- wohl nur in Steinkernerhaltung, immerhin noch eine gut wahrnehmbare Skulptur zeigt, die aus breiten lamellés krenelierten Radialrippen besteht. Die Schale durfte relativ viel weniger gewolbt sein, als eine viel kleinere mit ihr zusammen vorkommende Art, die noch besondere Erwahnung finden wird. In der mittleren Schalenregion sind deutlich 10 der in der schon besprochenen Weise verzierten Radialrippen zu erkennen; vorne und hinten war die Schale vielleicht nur schwach oder gar nicht radial skulpturiert. Eine solche Art der Skulptur wirde zu Cardita allerdings nicht sonderlich passen. Wegen ihrer subsymmetrischen Gestalt wiirde diese sowie die fol- gende Art zu jener Gruppe von Carditaformen zu stellen sein, welche 1 Vgl. A. Birrner loc. at und A. Brom, Die Fauna der Pachycardientuffe loe. cit. 2 —, Kirrz, Geologie der Umgebung von Sarajevo. Jahrb. d.k. k. Geolog. Reichs- anstalt, 58. Bd., 1908—04, pag. 714, Taf. XXII, Fig. 18. : 34 ERNST KITTL. [2ND ARC, EXP. FRAM manche Autoren! unter der 1801 von Lamarck aufgestellten Gattungs- bezeichnung Venericardia von den echten schrag verlangerten Cardita- Arten abtrennen wollen. Fundort: Barenspitze nachst der Barenbucht im Heurekasund. (Loser Block!) 292. Cardita Willei Kirt. n. fF. Taf. Il, Fig. 14. Durch zahlreiche Steinkerne und Abdriicke in ein und demselben Gesteinsstiicke ist eine kleine Cardita reprasentiert. Nur hie und da ist ein Stiickchen Schale erhalten. Der Umriss der Schalen ist ein ge- rundet rhomboidischer, fast symmetrisch, wie er der Untergattung Veneri- cardia entsprechen witrde, der innere Schalenrand gezahnt. Die Art ist dickschalig, mit zahlreichen, nicht besonders kriftigen Radialrippen ver- ziert, die recht dicht gedrangt stehen. Der Umriss nahert sich der Kreis- form mehr als bei jeder anderen triadischen Art, etwa noch mehr als bei Cardita Pichleri Brrtn. aus den Carditaschichten Nordtirols? und bei Cardita cf. Pichleri Brrtn. von der Seelandalpe®. Area und Lunula scheinen sehr klein zu sein, wodurch sich diese Art von der ihr zunachst stehenden Cardita Pichleri gerade so unterscheiden wirde wie durch ihren mehr der Kreisform genaherten Umriss. Es mag hier angemerkt sein, dass auch von der Bareninsel durch J. Boum das Fragment einer Cardita angegeben wird¢. Fundort: Barenspitze nachst der Barenbucht im Heurekasund. (Loser Block!) 23. Palaeopharus Scheii Kirt. n. g., n. sp. Taf. III, Fig. 1-4. Die Schale ist relativ dick, nach hinten schotenformig verlangert, seitlich zusammengedriickt; geschlossen(?), mit annaherungsweise paral- lelem Ober- und Unterrand, vorne abgerundet, hinten etwas verschmialert und abgestutzt. Die Wirbel sind weit nach vorne gertickt. Die Oberflache ‘ Vgl. hiertiber: P. Fiscuer, Manuel de Conchyliologie, pag. 1010 u. f, sowie: A. Birrner, Lamellibranchiaten der alpinen Trias, loc. cit., pag. 34. ° A. Birrner, Lamellibranchiaten der alpinen Trias, loc. cit., pag. 39, Taf. XXIV, Fig. 8—10. * ibidem, pag. 39, Taf. IV, Fig. 17. “ J. Boum, Obertriad. Fauna der Bareninsel, loo, cit., pag. 47, Taf. 5, Fig. 22.. 1898— 1902. No. 7] DIE TRIASFOSSILIEN VOM HEUREKA SUND. 30 der Schale zeigt eine kraftige aber ungleich ausgebildete Zuwachsstreifung, die an dem Schalenrande in eine grobe Berippung tibergeht, ferner eine schwiachere, aber aus breiten Strahlen bestehende Radialrippung, die sich vom Wirbel gegen den Hinterrand erstreckt und so in der Nahe des unteren Schalenrandes die konzentrische Rippung unter sehr spitzem Winkel kreuzt. Die Schale ist vorne betrachtlich dicker als hinten und zeigt den vorderen Muskeleindruck stark vertieft. Der letztere wird nach hinten zu durch eine querliegende Schalenverdickung abgegrenzt, die nicht direkt zum Wirbel lauft, sondern sich mit einer vom Wirbel aus- gehenden langs des vorderen Schlossrandes nach vorne ziehenden Ver- dickung vor dem Wirbel vereinigt. Der hintere Schliessmuskeleindruck ist langlich, weit nach hinten geriickt. Eine schwache Schalenverdickung lauft vom Wirbel in radialer Richtung gegen die untere Grenze des hin- teren Schliessmuskels, ohne sie zu erreichen. In der allgemeinen Gestalt wie auch in der Verzierung stimmt Palaeopharus Scheii im allgemeinen ziemlich gut mit Pleurophorus perlongus J. Boum! uberein, viel weniger mit Pleurophorus Anders- soni J. Boum?2, die beide auf der Bareninsel aufgefunden worden sind. Die Ubereinstimmung der erstgenannten beiden Arten ist auf den ersten Blick eine so weitgehende, dass eine genauere Untersuchung ndtig er- schien, um festzustellen, ob hier nicht etwa eine spezifische Identitaét vor- liege. Die Gestalt sowie die Verzierung sind bei den 2 Arten ahnlich; nur der Wirbel ist bei Palaeopharus Scheii nicht so weit nach vorne geriickt, wie bei Plewrophorus perlongus. Nach den Abbildungen zu urteilen, miisste auch bei der letzteren Art eine gewisse Variabililat der Wirbellage vorhanden sein und namentlich der Wirbel auch knapp an den Vorderrand heranriicken kénnen (vergl. namentlich Fig. 1 auf Taf. IV bei J. Boum, loc. cit.). Dieser Anschein ist aber nur auf eine Unvollstandigkeit der Erhaltung zurickzufthren, wie eine Untersuchung von Boums Originalexemplaren lehrte; tibrigens war doch auch zwischen den verschiedenen Individuen eine ganz geringe Variabilitat der Wirbel- lage zu erkennen. In Hinsicht auf die Wirbellage ist also eine bestimmte Differenz vorhanden. Was Béum bei Pleurophorus perlongus als Diagonalkante anspricht, scheint mir nur eine Diagonalrippe zu sein, die vielleicht zu- sammenfallt mit der bei Palaeopharus Scheii erwihnten leichten Schalen- verdickung der Innenseite. Bei der letzteren Art ist der vordere Muskel- 1 J, Boum, Uber die obertriadische Fauna der Bareninsel. K. Svenska Vetensk. Ak. Handl., Bd. 37 (1903) No. 3 pag. 46, Taf. IV, Fig. 1—3 u. 8. 2 J, Boum, loc. cit., pag. 45, Taf. IV, Fig. 4-7 und 9—10. 36 ERNST KITTL. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM eindruck etwas grésser und auch etwas mehr hinabgeriickt. Der Schloss- apparat von Palaeopharus Scheii ist mir zu unvollstindig bekannt geworden, um mit jenem von P. perlongus verglichen werden zu kénnen. Die wichtigsten Differenzen zwischen den zwei Arten, welche ich kon- statieren konnte, bestehen also in der verschiedenen Wirbellage und in der grosseren Zahl der Radialrippen bei P. Scheit von 12 gegen 7—9 solcher bei P. perlongus. Erstere Art scheint auch grésser zu werden als P. perlongus. Es bestehen daher so gewichtige Unterschiede der beiden Arten, dass fiir die Art aus dem Heurekasunde ein besonderer Name zu gebrauchen ist. Lediglich als ein Anklang an unsere Art sei hier ein Steinkern er- wahnt, den F. TELLER als ? Solenopsis indet. von Werchojansk be- schrieb 4. Bevor ich die generische Stellung unserer Art prazisiere, will ich nochmals anfihren, dass J. Boum? zwei wohl charakterisierte Arten aus der Trias der Bareninsel, die augenscheinlich unserer Art sehr nahe stehen, der Gattung Plewrophorus angereiht hat. Bei diesen zwei Arten entsprechen Lage und Beschaffenheit des vorderen Schliessmuskelein- druckes sowie die subterminale Wirbellage ganz wohl der Gattung Pleuro- phorus; auch die Anlage des Schlossapparates ist der bei Plewrophorus ahnlich; doch sind die Cardinalzihne nach Béums Angaben auf einen einzigen in der rechten Klappe reduziert, wie es — das sei gleich be- merkt — bei manchen Soleniden zu finden ist; ferner entspricht der Umriss der Schalen in seiner extremen Verlangerung und deren seitliche Kompression ebenfalls gar nicht der Gattung Pleurophorus, wohl aber erinnern diese Kigenschaften wieder an die Soleniden. Dazu kommen einige Details der zwei Pleurophorusarten: die Diagonalkante der einen Art findet sich bei Solen-Arten in der Farbung, wahrend die Desorien- tierung der Skulptur der anderen Art, bei Formen der Solenidengattung Macha Analoga trifft. Es sind also gewisse Beziehungen der zwei sogenannten Plewrophorus- Arten zu den Soleniden vorhanden®. Dass man sie aber zu dieser Familie _Stellt, das verbietet nicht nur das in der Regel weite Klaffen der Schalen aller Soleniden-Gattungen, welches den zwei Arten fehlt. Das genannte 1 F, Texter, Die Pelecypodenfauna von Werchojansk in E. v. Mogsisovics, Ark- tische Triasfaunen. Mém. Ac. I. des sci. de St. Petersb. VII. sér., t. XXXII, No. 6, pag. 136, Taf. XX, Fig. 2. 2 loc. cit. ° Méglicher Weise existieren auch Beziehungen zu der Gattung Sphenotus Hall (Geological Surv. of New-York. J. Hatt Palaeontology Vol. V. Part. I, Lamellibr. I. (1885), pag. XXXII) von der L. Bevsnavsen (Die Lamellibranchiaten des 1898— 1902. No. 7.] DIE TRIASFOSSILIEN VOM HEUREKA SUND. 37 Hindernis ist bei der Familie der Solenopsiden nicht vorhanden. Dahin kann man die zwei Plewrophorus-Arten nebst unserer Art aus dem Heu- rekasunde eher stellen. Ich schlage nun fir die Art aus dem Heureka- sunde sowie fiir die besprochenen Pleurophorus-Arten den neuen Gat- tungsnamen: Palaeopharus vor. Die Gattung Palaeopharus wirde sich einerseits an Sanguino- lites, anderseits an Solenopsis anlehnen, von beiden durch die kaum klaffende Schale, hauptsachlich aber durch das Schloss unterschieden sein. Fundorte: Barenspitze niachst der Barenbucht im Heurekasunde (loser Block, darin haufig); Depot auf der Grossen Insel im Heureka- sund ({ Ex.); einige Fragmente in den grauen Kalken der Hutinsel im Bayfjord machen das Vorkommen der Art auch an dieser Lokalitét sehr wahrscheinlich. 94. Homomya ? sp. Als Homomya Forsbergi beschreibt J. Boum! von der Bareninsel die Jinke Klappe eines Lamellibranchiaten, womit ein von der Hutinsel vorliegendes Fragment im Umrisse wie auch im Verlaufe der Zuwachs- streifen tibereinstimmt. Es deutet dasselbe auf eine hinten klaffende Schale hin, was zu der Gattung Homomya ganz wohl passen wiirde. Fundort: Hutinsel im Bayfjord. 25. Anoplophora cf.(?) ephippiam J. Boum. Taf. Ill, Fig. 6. Von der Bareninsel hat J. Boum als Anoplophora ephippium lang- gestreckte Lamellibranchiaten mit einer medianen Radialdepression und einer vom Wirbel zum Hinterrande ausstrahlenden Furche abgebildet und beschrieben2. Ein einziges aus den hellgrauen Kalken stammendes unvollstandiges Exemplar aus dem Heurekasund stimmt mit der zitierten rheinischen Devon) in den Abhandl. d. kon. preuss. Geol. Landesanslalt Heft 17 (1895) pag. 215, Taf. XVIII, Fig. 1-2 und W.E. Scumipt (Der obere Lenne- schiefer zwisch. Lethrathe und Iserlohn) in der Zeitschr. d. deutsch. geol. Ges. 1905, pag. 557. Taf. XXII, Fig. 1, europaeische Vertreter aus dem deutschen Devon beschrieben haben. Doch ist man bisher itber die Beschaffenheit des Schlosses dieser Gattung noch in Unkenntnis geblieben. 1 loc. cit. pag. 49, Taf. V, Fig. 33. 2 J. Boum, loc. cit., pag. 44, Taf. V, Fig. 34-30. 38 ERNST KITTL. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Art von der Bareninsel ziemlich iiberein. Nur ist die mediane Furche nicht so kantig abgegrenzt, wie bei der Art von der Bareninsel. Fundort: Hutinsel im Bayfjord. Ill. Cephalopoda. Nur 4 Formen trachycerater Ammoniten werden hier angefihrt. 26. Protrachyceras Sverdrupi Krrtt n. f. Taf. II, Fig. 8 (und Fig. 7?). Auf einer kleinen Schieferplatte liegen, zum Teile auf einander ge- presst, einige Individuen, welche alle derselben Art anzugehdren scheinen. Sie sind halb involut mit einem Verhiltnis der Nabelweite zum Durch- messer wie 3:10. Die Umgange tragen zahlreiche Radialrippen, welche auf den inneren Windungen einfach sind, auf der Schlusswindung aber falcoid vorgezogen, meist schon vom Nabelrande aus einfach gegabelt und denen hie und da einfache Rippen eingeschaltet sind. Die kleinen Windungen tragen zwei den Rippen aufsitzende spirale Dornenreihen (eine umbilikale und eine marginale), die grésseren Windungen deren mehr, die mittlere etwa 4, die Schlusswindung auf der Schalenoberfliche (und im Abdrucke, nicht aber auf dem Steinkerne) eine gréssere Zahl solcher spiraler Dornenreihen (etwa 8). Auf den dusseren Windungen gehéren die marginale (externseitige) und die submarginale Dornenreihe stets zu den am kraftigsten entwickelten. Die Skulptur dieser Art hat einige Ahnlichkeit mit der von Trachy- ceras doleriticum Moss.1, doch sind die Radialrippen auf der Extern- seite deutlich vorgezogen und treten auf den Flanken Dornenspiralen auf. Gréssere Analogien zeigen daher Trachyceras Steinmanni Moss. von Esino? und andere Protrachyceras-Formen aus der Gruppe der furcosa® mit Protrachyceras Sverdrupi, welche Art wohl auch der genannten Gruppe anzureihen ist. Besonders charakteristisch fir Protrachyceras Sverdrupi ist die starke Vorwartsbiegung der Radialrippen auf der Externseite; deshalb ‘ E. v. Moustsovics, Die Cephalopoden der mediterranen Trias. Abhandl. d. k. k. Geolog. Reichsanstalt, Wien. X. Bd., 1882, Taf. XIII, Fig. 5. * E. v. Mossisovics, Cephalopoden der mediterranen Trias, 1. cit. Taf. LXXXI, Fig. 10—11. ° Vgl. auch: E. v. Mossisovics, Cephalopoden der Hallstatter Kalke, II. Bd., Abhandl. d. k. k. Geolog. Reichsanst. Wien. VI. Bd., 2. Halfte, 1893, pag. 623. 1898— 1902. No.7.] DIE TRIASFOSSILIEN VOM HEUREKA SUND. 39 erinnert die Art in ihrer Skulptur auch an diejenige der Jugendstadien mancher Strenites-Arten, namentlich solcher aus der Gruppe der senti- cosi. Es ist eigentlich nur das Fehlen des fiir Sirenites bezeichnenden Zoptkieles, welches einen naiheren Anschluss des Protrachyceras Sver- drupi an die Gattung Sirenites verbietet. Das in Fig. 7 abgebildete Exemplar diirfte zu Protrachyceras Sver- drupi gehéren; dessen Erhaltungszustand ist jedoch ein zu ungeniigender, um die vermutete Identitét zu erhérten. Fundort: Ammonitenberg am Barenkaplande. 27. Protrachyceras cf. Sverdrupi Kirt. Taf. Il, Fig. 9. An die vorige Art schliesst sich das in Fig. 9 abgebildete Exemplar durch seine Skulptur, namentlich durch den Verlauf seiner Radialrippen wie auch durch das Mass seiner Involubilitat an. Die Rippen sind jedoch weiter von einander entfernt und scheinen Dornenspiralen zu fehlen; nur von umbilikalen Dornen sind Andeutungen zu erkennen. Da das vorliegende Exemplar jedoch ein Steinkern ist und auf Steinkernen von Protrachyceras Sverdrupi die Dornenspiralen in ahnlicher Weise zurticktreten, so bleibt als wichtigste Differenz unseres in Rede stehenden Exemplares gegen Protrachyceras Sverdrupi nur die gréssere Distanz der Radialrippen wtbrig, die vielleicht nicht gewichtig genug ist, um darauf eine neue Art zu griinden. Fundort: Ammonitenberg am Barenkaplande. 98. Protrachyceras aff. Richthofeni Moss. Taf. Ill, Fig. 10 und 11. Auch die hier angefiihrten Exemplare zeigen noch deutliche Be- ziehungen zu Protrachyceras Sverdrupi, von dem sie sich durch ihre zahlreichen und dicht gedrangten, sonst dhnlich beschaffenen Radial- rippen sowie durch den Abgang deutlicher Dornenspiralen auf den Flanken in bestimmter Weise unterscheiden. Durch eben dieselben Eigenschaften nihern sie sich aber dem Protrachyceras Richthofeni Moss., welche Art von Mousisovics tbrigens ebenfalls zu der Gruppe der furcosa ge- stellt wird. ° 40 ERNST KITTL. [Q2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Fig. 10 zeigt ein jiingeres Individuum mit weniger gekriimmtem Ver- lauf der Radialrippen, Fig. 11 dagegen das fragmentarische Gehause eines alteren Individuums mit externseitig stark vorgebogenen Rippen. Fundort: Ammonitenberg am Barenkaplande. 29. Trachyceras sp. indet. Einige fragmentarische Exemplare sind ziemlich eng genabelt, zeigen hohe Umgange mit zahlreichen (gedornten?) Radialrippen und Extern- kielen, kénnten sich also ganz wohl der schon friiher erwahnten Gruppe der Protrachycerata furcosa anfiigen. Doch ist die Skulptur der Schale zu undeutlich erhalten, um irgend eine Artbestimmung zu erlauben. Fundort: Hutinsel im Bayfjord. IV. Hieroglypha. 29. Gyrochorda sp. Taf. Il, Fig. 12. Aus den tonigen Faciesgebilden verschiedener Formationen sind schon lange die von Quenstept! als ,,Zopfplatten“ bezeichneten Gebilde be- kannt. Dieser Autor bildet sie aus dem braunen Jura # ab; dieselben Vorkommnisse nennt O. Heer? Gyrochorte, wovon er mehrere Arten unterschied und sie als Algen ansah. Seit A. G. NatHorst gezeigt hat, dass solche Gebilde als Kriechspuren von Crustaceen anzusehen seien, was er in einer Reihe von Publikationen verfocht®, dirfte wohl kaum ein Zweifel an der Richtigkeit dieser Anschauung tbergeblieben sein. Herr Hofrat Tu. Fucus, dem ich das hier abgebildete Stiick vorlegte, machte mich auf diese Umstinde aufmerksam und verwies darauf, dass solche Reste vollig den Spuren gleichen, die NarHorsr von Corophium longicorne Fasr. erhallen hat*. In unserer Sammlung (Wiener Hol- museum) liegen solche Reste auch aus dem Lias. ! F, A. Quensrepr, Handb. d. Petrefactenkunde 3. Aufl. 1885, pag. 1082, Taf. 88, Fig. 20. * O. Heer, Die Urwelt der Schweiz, 2. Aufl. 1879, pag. 158, Taf. IX, Fig. 9—11 * Hievon seien genannt: A. G. Natvorst, Om spar af nagra evertebrerade djur M. M. K. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl. Band 18, No. 7. 1881. — Nouvelles observations sur des traces d’animaux etc. K. Sv. Vet.-Ak. Handl. Band. 21, No. 14, 1886. “ Vgl. Natuorst, Om spar ete. pay. 66, Taf. 1, Fig. 1—2. 1898— 1902. No.7.] DIE TRIASFOSSILIEN VOM HEUREKA SUND. 41 Ubrigens meinte Herr Hofrat Fucus, das vom Heurekasund vor- hegende Exemplar kénnte aus dem Carbon stammen, was ich hiermit gerne registriere. Hiernach ware es also zweifelhaft, ob der Rest aus der Trias stamme. Fundort: Barenspitze nachst der Barenbucht im Heurekasund. 42 ERNST KITTL. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Gebiet des ii Heurekasundes is fat = a = D ra © a Tabelle ga} oe &] Mie | Sia )-e i om 2 ee der Triasfossilien des Heurekasundes 2) BIS /Als| sie elelels|sisisiigl2 Oo] Oleg siio/N = &|3/5| 8) 2| 3 /E]) 5 |= AMIDA /migl|nNiol XX]. XPLX 10 = (2) Gores Kase. we cao Ske ae & BO ee | APY ex sel azalllilecs bee 11 | Pecten (Entolium) cf. Obergi Lunper. .. . . +)/+)x +I +X|X 12 = _ Obergi Lunper.. ..... xx) + xI xXx x 13 | Pecten (Chlamys) Oscari Kt... . 2... +/+ x|x TA |) Pectenie Sis ace 22a) 28 we eotew aha ep ea wie oe lldeses |i bis 15 | Gryphaea Skuld J. Boum. 2. 7 we we, + ee e+ 16 — . cf. Keilhawi J. Boum ....... +].. 17 | Leda (Phaenodesmia) regia Ki... ..... + or i 18 | Palaeoneilo ? cf. lunaris J. Boom... + + o 1X 19 | NUCULO? SPs sso i wae OH BR AD ep + wall OX 920 | Cardinia? ovula Ki 2... ee ‘aes | a 21 | Cardita ursina Ki... . . ew ee eee + self a 92 _ Willet Kit. 2... ee ee a boreal fee na i.e 23 | Palaeopharus Scheti Ki .......4.. + |X?) + ils al a 24 | Homomya sp... 1. 2. eee ee ee + Mie ee [SE 25 | Anoplophora cf. ephippium J.B. ..... es + Kelle het 26 | Protrachyceras Sverdrupi Ki... ....... + x 7 _ cf. Sverdrupi K. 2... + al DX 98 — aff. Richthofeni Moss... . . || + ae SK 29 | Trachyceras sp. indeb. ........4..5. of + x 30 | Gyrochorda sp... 1. 6 ee ew ee ee + Anm. + bedeutet das Vorkommen der Art an dem betreffenden Fundorte, x _ fs — einer verwandten Art, ' Auf pag. 6 und 11 ist irrtiimlich , Wittei“ stehen geblieben. 1898— 1902. No. 7.] DIE TRIASFOSSILIEN VOM HEUREKA SUND. 43 Schluss. In den vorangehenden Zeilen habe ich wiederholt Gelegenheit ge- habt, die von dem Heurekasunde und seiner nachsten Umgebung (Baren- kapland, Bayfjord und Greeleyfjord) vorliegenden Triasfossilien mit jenen anderer Regionen zu vergleichen. Es ergaben sich dabei vor allem nahe Beziehungen der Triasfaunen aus der Gegend des Heurekasundes zu jenen Spitzbergens und der Bareninsel. Besonders auffallig ist die nun erkannte weite Verbreitung der Halobia Zitteli Linpstr., welche jetzt in mehreren Varietaten (oder Mutationen?) von der Bareninsel siid- lich von Spitzbergen an bis hintber zum Heurekasund, resp. Greeley- fjord konstatiert ist und eine Leitform fir die nordische Trias darstellt; ob sie auf einen bestimmten Horizont beschrankt ist oder sich auf mehrere benachbarte erstreckt, kann bei der Dirftigkeit der stratigra- phischen Daten nicht festgestellt werden. Im ganzen sind, wie aus nebenstehender Tabelle zu ersehen ist, von den 30 Arten der Trias aus der Gegend des Heurekasundes etwa 11 bis 12 in sehr nahestehenden Formen auch auf der Bareninsel vor- handen; ausser den schon genannten Halobien fallen als gemeinsame Gattungen auf: Gervilleia, Plagiostoma, Entolium, Gryphaea, Leda, Palaeoneilo, Palaeopharus, Cardita, Homomya, Anoplophora. Eine vollige Identitat der Arten konnte nur in seltenen Fallen erkannt werden. Relativ viel weniger auffillig sind die Beziehungen der Trias des Heurekasundes zu fernerab liegenden Triasgebieten. An die Fauna der germanischen Trias erinnert insbesondere die grosse Lima Hakont; anders beschaffen sind die Anklange an die Faunen der alpinen Trias, obgleich da noch weniger Ubereinstimmung in spezifischer Hinsicht zu finden war, was aber nach der grésseren Entfernung derselben wohl nur zu erwarten war. Da aber die alpine Trias nicht nur an Arten ausser- ordentlich reich ist, sondern auch sehr verschiedene Facies darbietet und uberdies relativ gut studiert erscheint, so gestattet gerade sie am besten, das Alter der Triasbildungen des Heurekasundes vergleichsweise abzuleiten. Es deuten z. B. Halobia Zitteli, Daonella Frami und Protrachy- ceras Sverdrupi auf ein ladinisches oder karnisches Alter hin, wahrend das Trachyceras-Vorkommen auf der Hutinsel auf ein karnisches Alter schliessen lasst, soweit das eben tiberhaupt zulassig erscheint. Man kann daher in diesem Sinne weiter noch vermuten, dass im Triasgebiete des Heurekasundes von oben nach unten einander folgen: 44 ERNST KITTL. [2ND ARG, EXP. FRAM.] 1. Die hellen Kalke der Hutinsel. Die Palaeopharus- und Entolium-Banke der Barenspitze und der Grossen Insel. 3. Die Kalkschiefer mit Halobia Zitteli und Protrachyceras. 4. Die Kalkschiefer mit Daonella Frami. Indessen darf ein grosser Altersunterschied kaum angenommen werden. Wo etwa die pflanzenfihrenden Sandsteine der Barenspitze eingereiht werden kénnten, dafiir fehlt jeglicher palaeontologische An- haltspunkt. Im Jahre 1886 hat E. v. Mossisovics eine fiir damals erschépfende Ubersicht der Kenntnisse iiber die arktische Trias gegeben!. Als die altesten Triasschichten der arktischen Regionen werden dort die Olenek- Schichten angefiihrt und als dem Werfener Schiefer aequivalent be- zeichnet. Dariber folgt der Posidonomyenkalk von Spitzbergen als Zwischenschichte. Als jiingstes Glied bezeichnet Mogstsovics den Dao- nellenkalk von Spitzbergen, der dem Muschelkalk gleichgestellt wird. Die Pseudomonotisfauna von Werchojansk wird dem Alter nach nicht naher prazisiert. Als norisch (recte ladinisch oder karnisch) werden die Schichten mit Halobia Zitteli angefihrt®. Von etwa demselben Alter sind nun die neuerdings von A. G. Natuorst und J. G. ANDERSSON auf der Bareninsel entdeckten und von J. Boum bearbeiteten Triasbildun- gen? und grésstenteils auch die hier beschriebenen Faunenreste des Heureka-Sund-Gebietes. Die im Osten so fossilreich entwickelten unteren Triasbildungen, die auf Spitzbergen noch auftreten, sind in westlicheren arktischen Regionen bisher nicht bekannt geworden. Fir Spitzbergen hat J. Boum kirzlich angenommen, dass die obere Trias dort von oben nach unten zu in folgender Weise zu gliedern sei: Schichte mit Halobia cf. Neumayri Brrrn. Horizont mit Lingula polaris Lunpcr. Horizont mit Halobia Zitteli Linpstr. Aus all diesen Darlegungen geht zweifellos hervor, dass man aus dem weiteren Studium der nordischen Trias noch recht wichtige Auf- schliisse in palaeontologischer wie auch in stratigraphischer Hinsicht zu erwarten hat. 1 E. v. Moustsovics, Arktische Triasfaunen. Mém. Ac. Imp. d. sciences de St. Pé- tersbourg. VIL ser., tome XXXIII, No. 6. (1886). 2 loc. cit. pag. 152. 3 Die obertriad. Fauna der Bareninsel. loc. cit. Gedruckt 29. Juni 1907. E. Kitt]. Triasfossilien vom Heurekasund. Tafel I. Tafel I. Fig. 1. Discina cf. Barrentsi J. Boum vom Ammonitenberge am Baren- kaplande (Ammonitberget, Bjornekaplandet). ...... Fig. 2—4. Avicula polaris Kirti n. f. vom Ammonitenberge am Bairen- kaplande (Ammonitberget, Bjornekaplandet). ...... Fig. 5—6. Daonella Frami Kirti n. f. vom Blauen Berge im Greeleyfjord (Blaafjeld, Greeleyfjord) ..............00- Fig. 7-11. Halobia Zitteli Linpstr. Fig. 7 vom Blauen Berge im Greeley- fjord (Blaafjeld, Greeleyfjord). Fig.8—11 vom Ammoniten- berge am Barenkaplande (Ammonitberget, Bjornekaplandet) Alle Figuren stellen die Fossilien in natiirlicher Grésse dar. Kunstanstalt Max Jaffe, Wien. L Triasfossilien vom Heurekasund, Tal, E. Kittl: E. Kitt]. Triasfossilien vom Heurekasund. Tafel IL. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. 1-2. 12—13. Tafel Il. Lima(?) boreas Kirti n.f. von der Hutinsel im Bayfjord, Konig Oscars Land (Hatoen, Baysfjord). ........... Pag. % Pecten(?) sp. von der Hutinsel im Bayfjord, Kénig Oscars Land (Hatoen, Baysfjord) ... 1... 2 ee ee ee ee Lima (Plagiostoma) Hakoni Kirri n. f. von der Hutinsel im Bayfjord (Hatoen, Baysfjord).............246 Lima (Plagiostoma) hatensis Kirtt n. f. von der Hutinsel im Bayfjord, Kénig Oscars Land (Hatoen, Baysfjord). . . . Gryphaea Skuld J. Boam, vom Ammonitenberge am Barenkap- lande (Ammonitberget, Bjornekaplandet) ........ Pecten (Entolium) cf. Obergi Lunner. von der Barenspitze im Heurekasund (Bjorneodden, Eureka Sund), Steinkern mit Radialfureien :...¢ 5 466% 2.35 Me ae DK Ea RHO . Pecten (Chlamys) Oscari Kirt n. f. vom Depot auf der Grossen Insel im Heurekasund (Depotet Storoen, Eureka Sund) Leda (Phaenodesmia) regia Kirrt n. f. von der Hutinsel im Bayfjord (Hatoen, Baysfjord). ...........084 Cardinia (°) ovula Kirre n. f. von der Hutinsel im Bayfjord (Hateen, Baysfjord) ... 2... eee ee Cardita Willet Kirti n.f. von der Biarenspitze im Heurekasund (Bjorneodden, Eureka Sund)............. ‘ Cardita(?) ursina Kirtz n. f. von der Barenspitze im Heureka- sund (Bjorneodden, Eureka Sund) ........... Alle Figuren stellen die Fossilien in natiirlicher Grésse dar. 29 22 24 30 26. 27 31 382 34 33 Kunstanstalt Max Jaffé, Wien. Ni Kittl: Triasfossilien yom Heurekasund, Taf, E. E. Kittl. Triasfossilien vom Heurekasund. Tafel LI. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig Fig. Tafel III. 1—4. Palaeopharus Scheii Kirti n. f. von der Barenspitze im Heureka- sund (Bjorneodden, Eureka Sund) ... ... 2... . 5. Palaeoneilo? cf.lunaris J. Boum von der Hutinsel im Bayfjord (Hateen, Baysfjord) .. 2... 2... ee ee ee 6. Anoplophora cf.(?) ephippium J. Boum von der Hutinsel im Bay- fjord (Hatoen, Baysfjord). ............0.2. 7-8. Protrachyceras Sverdrupi Kirti n. f. vom Ammonitenberge am Barenkaplande (Ammonitberget, Bjornekaplandet). . . . 9: Protrachyceras cf. Sverdrupi Krrtz vom Ammonitenberge am Barenkaplande (Ammonitberget, Bjornekaplandet). . . . . 10-11. Protrachyceras aff. Richthofeni Moss. vom Ammonitenberge am Barenkaplande (Ammonitberget, Bjornekaplandet). . . . 12. Gyrochorda sp. von der Birenspitze im Heurekasund (Bjorne- odden, Eureka Sund).. .............0204 Alle Figuren stellen die Fossilien in natiirlicher Grésse dar. Pag. 8—1902. No. 7. Tatel 3: Kunstanstalt Max Jaffé, Wien. E. Kittl: Triasfossilien vom Heurekasund, Tat. III. REPORT OF THE SECOND NORWEGIAN ARCTIC EXPEDITION IN THE ,,FRAM“ 1898—1902. No. 8. O. NORDGAARD: BRYOZOA FROM THE 2” FRAM EXPEDITION 1898-1902 (WITH 4 PLATES) AT THE EXPENCE OF THE FRIDTJOF NANSEN FUND FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE ; PUBLISHED BY VIDENSKABS-SELSKABET I KRISTIANIA (THE SOCIETY OF ARTS AND SCIENCES OF KRISTIAN(A) KRISTIANIA PRINTED BY A. W. BROGGER 1906 a> INTRODUCTION. M, investigations on the subject of Bryozoa have, until quite lately, been based exclusively upon material from the Norwegian shores, the more northerly of which exhibit a number of arctic forms, although the animal life there, on account of the peculiar hydrographic conditions, is of a mixed character. It was therefore with pleasure, that I acceded to the request of Hr. P. Scuer to work up the Bryozoa material collected during the 2nd Fram Expedition, as it might be assumed beforehand the species it contained would be of a purely arctic character. In gene- ral it may also be said that the Bryozoa in the east arctic region are better known than those in the west arctic, for which reason any contri- bution from the last named region cannot fail to be an object og zoo- geographical interest. Before going on to mention the various species, I will make a few remarks regarding the places in which dredgings were made, referring moreover to the maps that accompany Captain Sverprup’s account of his travels, these maps having been drawn by Captain IsacusEn}. The dredging-stations at which Bryozoa were found are here given in chronological order: August 24, 1898, Rice Strait. The Fram’s first winter quarters were within Rice Strait, which is in latitude 78° 45’ N. and longitude 74° 55’ W. July 22, 1899, winter haven. In Rice Strait. 1 See Orro Sverprup, Nyt Land, Vol. I & II. Christiania 1903. Vol. 1, p. 48, Map of the route of the Expedition. Vol. I, p. 64, The Fram’s surroundings, first winter haven, 1898-99. Vol. I, p. 240, , is ‘ Qnd winter haven, 1899—1900. Vol. II, p. 112, ,, ‘5 +s 8rd & 4th winter havens, 1900—1902. 1 4 0. NORDGAARD. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM July 3, 1900, winter haven; July 18, 1900, winter haven; July 22, 1900, winter haven; July 24, 25 & 29, 1900, winter haven; July 31, 1900, winter haven; August 1, 1900, off the mouth of Stordalen; August 3, 1900, Fosnem’s Peak and the valley on the west side of the fjord; August 4, 1900, Sjépélse Ness; August 7, 1900, Ost Cape; August 8, 1900, winter haven; August, 1900, north side of N. Devon. All the dredging-stations from the 3rd July to the 8th August, 1900, are in the Havne Fjord, which runs up from Jones Sound into King Oscar’s Land. Thus Stordalen is one of the valleys that join the abovenamed fjord, Fosheim’s Peak — afterwards called Fosheim’s Baby — is a small island in Havne Fjord, and Ost Cape is on the east side of the entrance to that fjord. September 9, 1900, off Forvisnings Valley. September 20, 1900, the head of Gaase Fjord. June 28, 1901, the mouth of Hvalros Fjord. July 5, 1901, the Sound (in the southern part of Hell Gate). July 8, 1901, Ren Bay. July 9, 1901, between Ren Bay and Cape Land’s End. July 12, 1901, bay at Land’s End. July 13, 1901, a little to the north of Land’s End. July 18, 1901, the winter haven (Gaase Fjord). July 18, 1901, the mouth of Gaase Fjord. July 19, 1901, lower part of Gaase Fjord. August 16, 1901, Gaase Fjord. August 30, 1901, Gaase Fjord. July 15, 1902, off Havhest Mountain, N. Devon. Gaase Fjord and Hvalros Fjord, are the two most westerly of the series of fjords that run up from Jones Sound into King Oscar’s Land. The stations from July 5—13, 1901, are all situated near Hell Gate, which, together with Cardigan Strait, forms the northern outlet of Jones Sound. This sound is bordered on the south and west by N. Devon, on the west of which projects a tongue of land called Colin Archer’s Peninsula. The eastern point of this peninsula is Cape Vera with the Havhest Mountain. The 76th parallel of latitude cuts Jones Sound almost down the middle, and most of the dredgings took place ina latitude of about 76° 30’, and between 84° and 90° W. Long. It will also be seen from the above that most of the dredgings were madein the months of July and August. Before the beginning of July, the ice would place a barrier in most places in the way of that kind of work. In 1900, for 1898—1902. No. 8] BRYOZOA. 5 instance, Capt. SverpRup describes the coming of spring in the following suggestive manner (Vol. II, p. 38): ,About the 9th June (1900), the fine weather made its entry into Havne Fjord. The snow began to melt up on the mountain sides, and the brooks to hop and leap over the slopes.“ Here I will also quote a couple of faunistic remarks from the description of the voyage. He thus writes of the dredgings in Havne Fjord in July, 1900 (Vol. II. p. 72): ,,.Dredgings were now more frequent and wherever we could get at the bottom, they gave good results. The bay we lay in was an especially fruitful field of research.“ Gaase Fjord also receives a good character for its stock of marine animals. Accord- ing to Bay, this fjord had an unusually abundant fauna (see Vol. II, p. 112). A special account of the dredgings on the east side of Hell Gate in July, 1901, is given by Srmmons (Voll. II, p. 374). From this account it appears, inter alia, that in the above-named waters the cur- rent is very strong, a circumstance which is of importance in judging the faunistic character. In the following list of species, there are several places in which, instead of giving long lists of synonyms, I have only put ,BroenKap, Kat. p. . ,“ which refers to the most recent work of that author? In giving the lengt and breadth of the zocecia, I have in every case where it allowed of being done, taken the measurements at the back of the colony, between the bases of the transversal walls, and between the bases of the lateral walls. In giving the proportion between the length and the breadth of the mandible of the avicularium, the ordinary mathe- matical sign, 1S b, is sometimes used. ' Fortegnelse over de arktiske Bryozoa. Bergens Museums Aarbog 1905, No. 9. 6 O. NORDGAARD. [2nD ARC. EXP. FRAM Order Gymnolz#mata. Sub-order Cheilostomata. Gen. Gemellaria, Savigny. 1. Gemellaria loricata, Lin. July 5, 1901, the Sound; July 9, 1901, between Ren Bay and Cape Land’s End. As Smtrt? has indicated, the length of the zocecia is subject to con- siderable variation. In a colony on Hyas coarctatus from northern Norway (North Cape, 1894), the zocecia had a length of 0,52 mm., while the aperture measured 0.26 mm. The corresponding measurements in a colony from Station 363 of the Norwegian North Atlantic Expedition (80° 3’ N, 8° 28’ E, depth 475 metres) were respectively 1.1 mm. and 0.32 mm.; and in specimens from the 2nd Fram Expedition (July 9, 1904), the corresponding measurements were found to be 1.0 mm. and 0.58 mm. On colonies from Northumberland Island (West Greenland), ANpERs Hennic? found that the length of the zocecia was 0.74 mm., and that of the aperture 0.34 mm. The high arctic forms of this species thus seem to be characterised by a lengthening of the zocecia. Gen. Menipea, Lamouroux. 2. Menipea gracilis, J. van BeNEDEN?. July 22, 1900, winter haven, about 30 fathoms; Sept. 19, 1900, off the mouth of Forvisnings Valley, 2—20 fathoms; Sept. 20, 1900, the head of Gaase Fjord; July 8, 1901, Ren Bay; July 12, 1901, bay at Land’s End; July 19, 1901, lower end of Gaase Fjord; August 16, 1901 Gaase Fjord, about 7 fathoms. In specimens from Ren Bay (July 8, 1901), there were 9 zocecia in one internodium. In colonies from Gaase Fjord (Aug. 16, 1901), the aper- ture of the zocecia had a length of 0.39 mm. and a breadth of 0.195 mm. 1 Ofversigt af Kgl. Vet. Akad. Forh., 1867, p. 325. 2 Bryozoer fran Vestgrénland. Ofvers, Kgl. Vet. Akad. Férh., 1896, p. 353. 3 See Norman, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, Vol. 11, p. 578. 1898—1902. No. 8.] BRYOZOA. 7 3. Menipea elongata, SMirT. 1867. Cellularia scabra, f. elongata, Smrrr, Ofvers. Kgl. Vet. Akad. Férh. 1867, pp. 984, 317, Pl. 27, figs. 85 & 36. 1897. Scrupocellaria scabra, f. elongata, Biwenxar, Zool. Jahrb. Vol. 10. p. 614. 1900. Scrupocellaria elongata, Waters, Journ. of the Linn. Soc., Vol. 28, p. 58. July 22, 1899, the winter haven, 8 fath. The aperture of the zocecia was 0.52 mm. in length and 0.195 mm in breadth. The margin of the aperture was granulated as in Cellularia (Bugulopsis) peachi, Busx. Sub-oral and lateral avicularia were present, and under the latter from 3 to 5 pores sometimes occurred. On the distal part of the oral margin, there was one spine in each corner. The fornix was rather narrow. There were two lateral rosette-plates with numerous pores. The pore-tubes issued from the lower (proximal) part of the zocecium, and the depression or hollow in which these tubes were attached had at the bottom a pore-plate with several pores. Norman gives this form from Davis Strait (Valorous Exp., 1875)!. Among Meni- pea species from the same place, there are moreover the following: WV. ternata, Ev.. and Sot.; M. gracilis, J. van BENEDEN; M. smitti, Norman; M. arctica, Busx. Among the boreal and arctic species of this genus, Ihave up to the present only made the acquaintance of elongata, gracilis, ternata, jeff- reysi and normani. Gen. Scrupocellaria, J. van Beneden. 4. Scrupocellaria scabra, J. vAN BENEDEN. July 22, 1900, the winter haven, about 30 fath.; August 4, 1900, Sjopolse Ness, 15—20 fath.; Sept. 10, 1900, off Forvisnings Valley 2—20 fath.; Sept. 20, 1900, head of Gaase Fjord; July 8, 1901, Ren Bay; July 9, 1901, between Ren Bay and Cape Land’s End; July 12 1901, bay at Land’s End; July 19, 1901, lower part of Gaase Fjord. In specimens from the lower part of Gaase Fjord (July 19, 1901) the aperture was 0.4 mm. long, and 0.25 mm. wide. Gen. Bugula, Oken. 5. Bugula murrayana, JouNsTon. July 12, 1901, bay near Land’s End. The principal form appears to be rare, while var. fruticosa occur- red quite frequently in the collection. 1 Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, vol. 17, p. 91. 8 0. NORDGAARD. [QnD ARC. EXP. FRAM 5a. Bugula murrayana, var. fraticosa, Packarp. August 8, 1900, the winter haven; September 19, 1900, off Forvis- nings Valley, 2--20 fath.; September 20, 1900, the head of Gaase Fjord, 3—20 fath.; July 5, 1901, the Sound; July 12, 1901, bay near Land’s End. In specimens from the head of Gaase Fjord (September 20, 1900), the length of the aperture is 0.9—1.2 mm. 6. Bugula harmsworthi, WatERs. Pl. I, figs. 1—5. 1900. Bugula Harmsworthi, Warrrs, Bryozoa from Franz Josef Land, Journ. Linn. Soc., vol. 28, p. 54, pl. 7, fig. 18, pl. 8, fig 1. August 1, 1900, off the mouth of Stordalen, about 10 fath. ; August 8, 1900, the winter haven, on Escharopsis sarsi, Suit. It is of no little interest to be able to demonstrate the presence of this Bugula, which Waters originally described from Franz Josef Land, in west arctic waters. There is reason for assuming that the species has a somewhat more general distribution in arctic waters. The speci- mens hitherto found have been characterised by their small size (the colony on Escharopsis from the winter haven of 1900, was about 1 cm. in height), and if this is a general feature, the colonies can be easily overlooked. The aperture occupies the greater part of the front of the zocecia. The spines in the distal corners are of various lengths (figs. 1 & 3); there are often two in each corner, but may also be three in one of them (fig. 2). The terminal wall often presents an appearance like that shown in fig. 3. On the inner lateral wall, there are two rosette-plates (fig. 4); but I could not find the lower of these in all of them. The ocecium is cup- shaped; when seen from above, it was circular in section, but semicir- cular from the side. It is possible, however, that the owcia I had the opportunity of seeing, were not fully developed. Gen. Cellaria, Lamouroun. 7. Cellaria articulata, Fasr. July 8, 1901, Ren Bay; July 9, 1901, between Ren Bay and Cape Land’s End; July 12, 1901, bay at Land’s End. From Ren Bay (July 8, 1901) there was a splendid bunch of this species, 90 mm. in height. The branches were to some extent covered with other Bryozoa, e. g. Menipea gracilis, Scrupocellaria scabra, Flustra serrulata, Schizoporella plana, etc. The species are known 1898—1902. No. 8] BRYOZOA. 9 from Queen Charlotte Islands (Hincks), and from Greenland (FaBRIciUs, Busk, Norman, Vannirren). I know of only one locality in the east arctic waters where it is found, namely Ice Fjord in Spitsbergen, from which place it is recorded by F. A. Smirr}. Gen. Flustra, Lin. 8. Flaustra membranaceo-truncata, Smtr. Syn. Brwenxap kat., p. 9. September 9, 1900, off Forvisnings Valley, 2—20 fathoms; September 20, 1900, the head of Gaasefjord, 3—20 fathoms. There were numerous colonies from the head of Gaase Fjord, with regular zoaria, sometimes with narrow-leaved lobes. They were often attached to worm-casts. The length of the zocecia was 1.2—1.3 mm. 9. Flustra serrulata, Busx. Pl. I, fig. 6. 1881. Flustra serrulata, Busx, Journ. Linn. Soc. Vol. 15, p. 234, pl. 13, figs. 2, 3, 4. 1886. Membranipora serrulata, Lrevinsen, Bryozoer fra Karahavet, p. 12, pl. 27; figs. 1 & 2. 1896. A li a Waters, Journ. Roy. Micr. Soc., 1896. p. 283, pl. 8, figs. 1896. Flusive Serpe Hennic, Ofvers. Kgl. Vet. Akad. Férh. 1896, No. 5, p. 355. July 22, 1900, the winter haven, about 30 fath.; August 7, 1900, Ost Cape, 10—25 fath.; incrusting hydroids; August 8, 1900, the win- ter haven, sometimes incrusting Escharopsis sarsi; Sept. 9, 1900, off Forvisnings Valley, 2—20 fath.; July 8, 1901, Ren Bay, incrusting Cellaria articulata; July 18, 1901, the mouth of Gaase Fjord; July 19, 1901, lower part of Gaase Fjord. At some stations, this species has occurred in great quantities, for instance, at the winter haven, about 30 fath. (July 22, 1900), It gener- ally formed free colonies (fig, 6), but also incrusted other objects, and was thus to some extent single-layered in its structure. There was no trace of either ocecia or avicularia. The length of the zocecia in speci- mens from the winter haven was about 1.2 mm., their width 0.4 mm. In specimens from Ren Bay (July 8, 1901), the corresponding measure- ments were 1.3 and 0.46 mm. There were two lateral and two distal rosette-plates. 1 Ofvers. Kgl. Vet. Akad. Forh. 1867, pp. 361, 384, Pl. 20, fig. 17. 10 O. NORDGAARD. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM The species was previously known from Franklin Pierce Bay (Busk), Inglefield Gulf (Henna), the Kara Sea (Levinsen). It thus appears to belong to those species of which the occurrence in the east arctic waters is rare. Gen. Membranipora, Blainville. 10. Membranipora, catenularia, JaMEsoN. Syn. Brvenxar kat., p. 5. July 22—25, 1900, the neighbourhood ot the winter haven, small chains upon rock. 11. Membranipora craticula, ALDER. Syn. Bivenxar kat., p, 13. July 22, 1899, the winter haven, 8 fath., on alge. July 22, 1900, the neighbourhood of the winter haven; July 8, 1901, Ren Bay; July 9, 1901, between Ren Bay and Cape Land’s End, on alge; July 12, 1901, bay at Land’s End, on alge. This species was not of infrequent occurrence among the specimens, but I could not find any form that I could with certainty classify as M. lineata, Lin. Dr. Hennie? states that the frontal area in specimens from west Green- | land, measured 0.34 mm. in length, and 0.18 mm. in width. In colonies from the bay at Land’s End (July 12, 1901), I found the corresponding measurements to be 0.33 and 0.21 mm. 12. Membranipora arctica, D’OrBicny. Syn. Norman, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, vol. 11, p. 590. July 15, 1902, off Havhest Mountain, N. Devon, incrusting stones. Norman (I. c.) designates this species as Callopora Sophie, Busx, setting a note of interrogation to Reptoflustrina arctica, D’Ors. Waters”, however, in a later work, makes it probably that D’OrBieny’s species from Spitsbergen is the one that Smrrr, Lorenz and others have described from arctic regions. (See also remarks of Waters in Journ. Linn. Soc., vol. 28, p. 60.) It must therefore surely be right to employ the name that D’Orsieny gave. 1 have also found this species in the north of Norway. In specimens from Sveerholt in Finmark, the frontal 1 Ofvers. Kgl. Vet. Akad. Férh., 1896, p. 356. 2 Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 7, vol, 15, p. 12. 1898—1902. No. 8] BRYOZOA. 11 area was from 0.26 to 0.3 mm. in length, from 0.2 to 0.26 mm. in breadth. There were as a rule 2 or 3 spines on each side, and the lateral avicularia were very often found. When boiled in potasium hydrate, the mandibles fell off, and the hollow in the median avicularium became visible. This hollow proved to be connected with the zoccial cavity by from 2 to 5 pores. In the colonies from N. Devon, the late- ral spines had fallen off. The length of the area was from 0.33 to 0.39 mm., its breadth 0.26 mm. When the spines are absent, the spe- cies may be mistaken for M. unicornis, var. armifera. Norman has pointed out, however, a good distinguishing mark; in armifera the point of the mandible is directed downwards or outwards, while in arctica it is directed upwards or inwards. 13. Membranipora unicornis, Firm., var. armifera, Huncxs. 1867. Membranipora lineata, forma americana, Smirt, Ofvers. Kgl. Vet. Akad. Férh. 1867, pp. 366 & 400, Pl. 20 fig. 31. 1892. Membranipora armifera, Hivcxs, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 6, vol. 9, p. 155, Pl. 8, fig. 4. 1898. Membranipora Sophie, var. armifera, Waters, Journ. Linn. Soc., vol. 27, p- 680, Pl. 48, fig. 18- 1903. Callopora unicornis, var. armifera, Norman, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 7, vol. 11, p. 591, Pl. 13, figs. 10 & 11. September 19, 1900, off Forvisnings Valley; September 20, 1900, head of Gaase Fjord, 3—20 fath.; July 9, 1901, between Ren Bay and Cape Land’s End; July 12, 1901, bay at Land’s End, on alge; August 16 1901, Gaase Fjord, about 7 fath.; August 30, 1901, Gaase Fjord, 8 m. Norman, who has unravelled the synonymy of this form (l. c., p. 991), looks upon M. armifera, Hincxs, as a variety of M. unicornis; and there is much to be said in favour of this view. In the typical M. wnicornis, there are 2 spines on each side of the upper part of the area. I have moreover once seen in a colony from Bergen, instead of the one spine, a small laterally situated avi- cularium. On the other hand no one has observed an avicularium on each side in M. unicornis, while the appearance of two such is of fre- quent occurrence in var. armifera. With regard to armifera, I refer the reader to Norman’s excellent description (I. c., p. 592). I have made some measurements of the fron- tal area in the typical form, and in armifera. In a colony of M. unicornis from Bergen, the length of the frontal area was 0.39 mm., its breath 0.26 mm. There was a form trom the Qnd Fram Expedition (August 30, 1901), in which the dimensions of the 12 0. NORDGAARD. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM area were exactly the same, and it also had no lateral avicularia, but, on the other hand, one of medium size above the ocecium. On the distal part of the oral margin there were a couple af spines, one of which formed a cylindrical tube, while the other was pointed. This form will therefore have to been referred to var. armifera, of which typical specimens were found in the same place (August 30, 1901), with the length of the area from 0.52 to 0.65 mm., and its breadth 0.39 mm. A colony was found on Smittina jeffreyst from Gaase Fjord (August 16, 1901), which best answers to Huncxs description of M. armifera}. The zocecia were very large, their length being from 1.0 to 1.3 mm., their breadth 0.6 mm. The area occupies almost the whole of the front of the zocecium, its length being 0.78 mm., its breadth 0.5 mm. Occasionally a spine was found on one side, and a small avicularium on the other. The lateral walls of the zocecia were furnished with 4 polyporous rosette-plates, and the transverse wall between the zooecia had a belt of pores on its lower part. The pores were thus not gathered into the two groups of rosette-plates, as is the case, for instance, in M. nigrans (fig. 7). The ocecia were small and spherical, with a transverse rib that was not so marked as usual. With the ocecium there generally appeared an unusually large avicularium with pointed mandible, which would some- times be hooked, sometimes straight. In addition to this, there was also sometimes seen a small, medially-situated avicularium at the proximal end of the zocecium, with a pointed mandible, that was _ directed sidewards. Occasionally, moreover, a small lateral avicularium was ob- served, of which the pointed mandible was directed either downwards or to the side. Among the specimens from the 2nd Fram expedition, I found no Membranipora that I could put with the boreal M. unciornis, FLEM. 14. Membranipora nigrans, Huncks. Pl. I, figs. 7—9. 1882. Membranipora nigrans, Hincxs, Report on the Polyzoa of the Queen Char- lotte Islands. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. 10, p. 9 (reprint), Pl. 19, fig. 2. 1900. Membranipora macilenta, Warers, Journ. Linn. Soc., vol. 28, p. 61, Pl. 8, fig. 10. 1903. Callopora nigrans, Norman, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, vol. 11, p. 593, vol. 12, Pl. 8, figs. 1 & 2. ' Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 7, vol. 9, p. 155, Pl. 8, fig. 4. 1898—1902. No. 8] BRYOZOA. 13 September 19, 1900, off Forvisnings Valley, on alge; Sept. 20, 1900, the head of Gaase Fjord, on alge; July 5, 1901, the Sound, incrusting stones; July 12, 1901, bay at Land’s End; August 30, 1901, Gaase Fjord on alge. This interesting Membranipora formed a dark brown incrustation on algee and stones. On colonies from Gaase Fjord (August 30, 1901), the length of the zocecia was from 0.78 to 0.97 mm., their breadth 0.39 mm. There are four polyporous rosette-plates on each side. There are 2 rosette-plates (fig. 7) in the transverse walls, situated near the basal wall. The ocecia were of various shapes. On all of them there was a frontal part which was not calcified, and which was covered with a membrane. At the bottom of the ocecium 2 small rosette-plates were observed, through which the oceclum communicated with the zocecium lying above it (fig. 8). The avicularia, which were at the distal end of the zocecium, two on each side, had a pointed mandible. They are con- nected by a rosette-plate (fig. 9) with the hollow of the zocecium. The presence of a similar rosette-plate at the bottom of an avicularium has been demonstrated by Levinsen? in Membranipora aurita, Hrncks. On the other hand I do not think a connection has been proved between the ocecium and the zocecium above it, as is the case in M. nigrans. 15. Membranipora cymbeformis, Hinuks. September 9, 1900, off Forvisnings Valley, 2—20 fath., on hydroids and alge; Sept. 20, 1900, the head of Gaase Fjord, 3—20 fath., on hydroids; July 8, 1901, Ren Bay, on alge; July 12, 1901, bay at Land’s End, on alge. 16. Membranipora trifolium, S. Woon. July 22, 1900, the neighbourhood of the winter haven, incrusting stones; July 12, 1901, bay at Land’s End. Gen. Cribrilina, Gray. 17. Cribrilina annulata, Fasr. Syn. Broenxap kat., p. 18. July 9, 1901, between Ren Bay and Cape Land’s End, on alge; July 12, 1901, bay at Land’s End, two small colonies on alge; August 30, 1901, Gaase Fjord, 8 m., on alge. 1 Fauna danica, Bryozoa, Pl. 4, fig. 35. 14 O. NORDGAARD. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Waters! has described a form from Franz Josef Land, which Norman? has taken to be a variely of C. annulata, and called var. spits- bergensis. It is without the oral spines, the frontal carina, and the den- tiform projection on the lower oral margin. The specimens I had for examination from the 2nd Fram Expedition must, however, be classed as the principal form. Gen. Harmeria, Norman. 18. Harmeria scutulata, Busx. Syn. Broenxap kat., p. 19 (Cribrilina scutulata), July 20, 1900, the winter haven, on alge; July 8, 1901, Ren Bay on alge. Gen. Doryporella, Norman. 19. Doryporella spathulifera, SMIrTT. Syn. Brwenxap kat., p. 20 (Lepralia spathulifera). July 12, 1901, bay at Land’s End, on alge. Gen. Porina, D’Orbigny. 20. Porina tubulosa, Norman. Syn. Brpenxap kat., p. 15. July 22, 1900, the winter haven, on alge; July 9, 1901, between Ren Bay and Cape Land’s End; July 12, 1901, bay at Land’s End, on alge. Gen. Hippothoa, Lamouroun. 21. Hippothoa hyalina, Lin. Syn. Brweneap kat. p. 18 (Celleporella hyalina). July 22, 1899, the winter haven, 8 fath., on alge; September 19, 1900, off Forvisnings Valley, 2—20 fath., on alge; July 8, 1901, Ren Bay, on alge; July 12, 1901, bay at Land’s End, on alge; August 30, 1901, Gaase Fjord, 8 m., on alge. This species has a cosmospolitan distribution. 22. Hippothoa expansa, Dawson. Syn. Hincxs, Brit. Mar. Pol. (1880), p. 291, pl. 1, fig. 1. July 18, 1900, the winter haven, about 30 fafh., on a stone. * Journ. Linn. Soc., vol. 28, p. 64, Pl. 8, fig. 21. : 2 Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 7, vol. 12, p. 103, pl. 8, fig. 11. 1898— 1902. No. 8.] BRYOZOA. 15 23. Hippothoa divaricata, Lamourovx. Syn. Bwenxar kat., p. 17. July, 1900, the winter haven and adjoining waters, on stones. Gen. Leieschara, M. Sars}. 24. Leieschara subgracile, D’Orsicny Syn. Broenxap kat., p. 18 (Myriozoum subgracile). July 22, 1901, the winter haven, fine colonies, about 30 fathoms. If Myriozoum truncatum, Patwas, can be placed in the same genus as subgracile and coarctata, which Canon Norman doubts, the name Leieschara must give place to Myriozoum, Donati. Leieschara coarc- tata, M. Sars, is known from Alaska, Greenland, the north of Norway, Jan Mayen, Spitsbergen and Franz Josef Land; and subgracile has a similar distribution, except that it has not, up to the present, been found in the north of Norway. Gen. Schizoporella Hincks. 95. Schizoporella plana, Dawson. August 24, 1898, Rice Strait, on alge; July, 1900, the neighbour- hood of the winter haven, incrusting stones; June 28, 1901, the mouth of Hvalros Fjord, incrusting stones; July.8, 1901, Ren Bay, on alge; July 19, 1901, Gaase Fjord, incrusting stones; July 15, 1902, off Hav- hest Mt., N. Devon, incrusting stones. Hincxs? and Norman? agree in thinking that the form that Smrrr described under name of Myriozowm crustaceum is identical with Le- pralia plana, Dawson*. Warers® transferred the species to the genus Schizoporella, which is indeed its right place. 26. Schizoporella biaperta,MIcHELIN. Pl. I, figs. 12—14. 1859. Lepralia biaperta, Busx, Mon. Foss. Pol. Crag. p. 47, Pl. 7, fig. 5. 1867. Escharella linearis, f. biaperta, Smrrt, Ofvers. Kgl. Vet. Akad. Forh., 1867 (appendix), pp. 14, 98, Pl. 24, figs. 70—73. 1880. Schizoporella biaperta, Hrxcks, Brit. Mar. Poly., p. 255, Pl. 40, figs. 7—9. 1 Cf, Norman, Notes on the Natural History of East Finmark; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser 7. vol. 12, p. 110. 2 Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser..6, vol. 9, p. 187. 3 Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 7, vol. 12 p. 110. _ 4 See Norman's synonyms (I. ¢.). 5 Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. 28, p. 64. 16 O. NORDGAARD. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM July 22, 1900, the neighbourhood of the winter haven, incrusting stones; July 19, 1901, Gaase Fjord, incrusting stones. In specimens from the 2nd Fram Expedition, the mandible of the avicularia was unusually small (fig. 3). Smirr (I, ¢. p. 98) mentions that in his specimens (from Greenland), on a zocecium there might be one avicularium with a pointed mandible, and one with a rounded mandible. Smirt has also drawn a similar one (PI. 24, fig. 73), In the specimens I had to examine, there was as a rule one avicularium with rounded man- dible on each side of the oral aperture, as indicated in fig. 12; but ina few cases I also tound that in addition to the two avicularia at the oral aperture, there was a third below the lateral oral avicularium on the left side; and this third avicularium had a pointed mandible. There is reason to suppose that the boreal specimens that Hincxs examined and made drawings of, and the arctic ones that Smirr and I have examined belong to the same species. It is true there are no mar- ginal pores in Hrncks’s drawings, but these may easily be overlooked, especially if the colonies are not examined with a light that falls through them. Similarly Busx’s Lepralia biaperta from the Crag must belong to the same species. On the other hand, it is probable that Lepralia linearis, var. biaperta, Waters!, and Hippothoa biaperta and diver- gens, Smitt?, should rather be removed from the boreal and arctic form bearing the name of biaperta. Schizoporella biaperta is also known from the Miocene of Calabria’. 27. Schizoporella lineata, NorpGaarp. 1895. Smittia lineata, Norpcaarp, Berg. Mus. Aarb. 1894—95, No. 2, p. 27, Pl. 2, fig. 2. 1908. Smittia lineata, Norman, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 7, vol. 12, p. 122, Pl. 9, figs. 14, 15. 1905. Schizoporella lineata, Norpcaarv, Hydr. Biol. Inv. Norw. Fj., p, 167, Pl. 5, figs. 33, 34. July 12, 1901, bay at Land’s End on alge. The zocecia were 0.7 mm. in length, and 0.5 mm. in breadth; there was a row of pores by the lateral walls. The median avicularium had an almost semicircular mandible. I am not quite sure whether this species can be maintained. It is possible that my forms come under ‘ Bryozoa of the Bay of Naples. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 5, vol. 3, p. 37, Pl. 11, fig, 1 & 2. ? Floridan Bryozoa, part. II, p. 46, Pl. 8, figs. 173-176; p. 47, Pl. 9, figs. 177, 179. 8 See Antonio Neviani, Briozoi fossili di Carrubare, Roma, 1905. 1898—1902. No. 8] BRYOZOA. 17 Schizoporella auriculata, Hassaut; but this I cannot at present decide with certainty. 98. Schizoporella reticulato-punctata, Hincxs. Syn. Hydr. Biol. Inv. Norw. Fj., p. 166. July 22, 1900, the winter haven, about 30 ft.; September 19, 1900, off Forvisnings Valley, 2—20 ft.; September 20, 1900, the head of Gaase Fjord, 3—20 ft.; July 8, 1901, Ren Bay. 29. Schizoporella stormi, NorpGaarb. Pl. I, figs. 10 & 11. 1905. oe stormi, Norveaarv, Hydr. Biol. Inv. Norw. Fj., p. 166, Pl. 5, gs. 1, 2. 1900, the north side of North Devon, incrusting stones; July 22, 1900, the winter haven, incrusting stones; July 18, 1901, a little north of Cape Land’s End, incrusting stones. There was perfect similarity between the specimens from the 2nd Fram Expedition and the colonies from Hammerfest and the North Cape. Avicularia did not often occur, and ocecia still less often, the latter being punctured like the frontal wall of the zocecia, and with an indication of the ring of projections that are so marked in the next species. Fig. 1 on Pl. 5 in Hydr. Biol. Inv. Norw. Fj., gives the impression that the mandible is rather stumpy; but this is a mistake. It is subu- late. An excrescence or elevation may sometimes be seen on the front of the ocecia. 30. Schizoporella bispinosa, NorDGaaRd, n. sp. Pl. II, fig. 15. July 12, 1901, bay at Land’s End, on alge. This form exhibits a great similarity to Schizoporella stormi, but for safety’s sake I have given it name of its own. I have never seen S. stormi with spines at the oral aperture; whereas they seem to occur pretty regularly in bispinosa. The zocecia have the same dots upon the frontal wall in both species, but there are fewer perforations in bispinosa than in stormi. In the few cases in which I have seen ocecia, they have had a very much more marked ring of prominences (fig. 15) in bispinosa. On the ocecia of both forms, a prominence may sometimes be seen, which is somewhat pointed upwards. The avicula- rium is situated below the margin of the oral aperture, a little to the 2 18 0. NORDGAARD. (2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM right or the left; and the mandible is very long and pointed. The oper- culum is of the same shape as in the preceding species, but the oper- cular ribs do not appear to be so marked as in that species. Asa rule there are only two oral spines, but occasionally I have also seen three such spines. 31. Schizoporella levinseni, Norpcaarv. 1905. Schizoporella levinseni, Norpveaarv, Hydr. Biol. Inv. Norw. Fjords, p. 166 Pl. 5, figs. 8 & 4. August, 1900, the north side of North Devon, incrusting stones. At the above-named place, I took a little reddish incrustation with a few zocecia, which I referred, with some hesitation, to levinseni. The paucity of material prevented an altogether exact investigation. The lower margin of the oral aperture was cut right off by a small median sinus. There were neither avicularia nor ocecia. The perforation upon the frontal wall of the zocecia was like that in the specimens from the north of Norway, and the shape of the zocecia varied, there being both rounded oval, and very angular zocecia. 32. Schizoporella condylata, NorpGaarp, n. sp. Pl. IL, figs. 16—18. July, 1900, the winter haven, incrusting stones. I conclude that this Schizoporella must be a new species, and will therefore state its most important characteristics. The limits of the zocecia are marked by distinct lines or sutures; and these are also found to some extent on the ocecia (fig. 16). The frontal wall of the zoccia has few perforations, which at any rate in the young zocecia, are not arranged like a row of marginal pores. Both zocecia and ocecia are punctured, the ocecia having no perforations. Avicularia could not be discovered. On the lower margin of the oral aperture, there is a broad sinus, and the opercuium has a corresponding lobe (fig. 17). The con- dyles, which serve as a support to the operculum, were as a rule very marked. Fig. 18 shows the interzocecial connection in a young colony. I will assume that S. condylata is a different species to those previ- ously described by me, levinseni and hexagona (Hydr. Biol. Inv. Norw. F)j., p. 166). Condylata exhibits a conspicuous difference from levinseni, but it is a more difficult matter to separate it from heawagona. Of the latter too, I have so liltle, that a detailed comparison cannot be made. They seem, however, to be two different species, the smaller 1898—1902. No. 8. BRYOZOA. 19 zocecia of hewagona having no pores in the frontal wall, while the operculum also exhibits a somewhat different form to that in condylata. 33. Schizoporella producta, Packarp. PL. I, figs. 19—21. 1888. Smittia producta, Hixcxs, Polyzoa of the St. Lawrence. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. Ser. 6, vol. 8, p. 480, Pl. 21, fig. 2. July 5, 1901, the Sound, incrusting stones; July 18, 1901, the winter haven, incrusting stones. Hincxs (1. c.) has described forms of Smittia producta from the St. Lawrence, very carefully, and judging from this description, I think there can be no doubt that it is the species that I scraped off stones from the above-named places. And as Hincxs has made it very probable that his forms from the St. Lawrence correspond with Lepralia producta, Packarp, from the coasts of Labrador, it must be right to re- tain Packarp’s name. I have little to add to Hincx’s description. The frontal wali of the zocecia was furnished with large pores (fig. 19), and in young specimens an arrangement of the interzocecial pore-tubes might be seen on the basal wall similar to that in Schizoporella condylata. Judging from the shape of the oral aperture and the operculum (fig. 21), it would seem natural to refer the species to the genus Schizo- porella. In specimens from Greenland (the ,,Valorous“, 1875), for which I am indebted to the kindness of Canon Norman, I saw a confirmation of Hincks’s statement that in young zocecia the lower margin of the oral aperture is cut Off almost straight. This character points to the genus Eschara (Lepralia). 34. Schizoporella bidenkapi, NorvGAarD, 0. sp. Pl. II, figs. 22—24. August 4, 1900, Sjépélse Ness, 15—25 ft., inerusting mussel shells. Although the oral aperture differs greatly from the typical form of the aperture in the genus Schizoporella, I have nevertheless referred the forms in question to this genus. There is only dried material consisting of a greyish white incrustation on fragments of mussel shells. The zoarium consisted of large zocecia, whose frontal wall was thickly per- forated with pores, of which the marginal ones differed from the others in being somewhat larger (fig. 22). The colonies were highly calified, and there being no marked depressions between the zocecia, gave the colonies a fairly even appearance on the surface. The oral aperture 20 0. NORDGAARD. (2nND ARC. EXP. FRAM was nearly oval, but was also sometimes of a shape that somewhat re- called Schizoporella sinuosa. There were no avicularia to be seen. The ocecia, which were of extremely rare occurrence, were almost as broad as they were long. There was an indication of a median pore, from which a line or suture ran to the margin of the oral aperture; but with this exceptions there were neither hollows nor perforations (fig. 23). The operculum (fig. 24) was furnished with a lobe, which was bent to one side. When the flap of the operculum is lying horizon- tally, only the projection of this lobe is seen. I have taken the liberty of calling this species after Hr. OLar Brpen- KAP, formerly curator at the Tromsé Museum. Upon an examination of the above species, J was induced to look through my specimens of Schizoporella sinuosa, Busk. It then appeared inter alia, that this species also had an opercular lobe that was hent to one side, which in many cases gives it the appearance of a thicken- ing of a lower margin. For this very reason, I have apprehended and drawn the operculum inaccurately in an earlier work. It proved also, that the form from Herlé Sound near Bergen, which I had taken to be S. sinuosa, diferred not a little from the one I had taken in the Trond- hjem Fjord and in the north of Norway. They ought at any rate to be distinguished from one another as varieties; in reality, I think they ought to be considered as independent species. On Modiola modiolus from Herlé Sound, not far from’ Bergen, I have a Schizoporella which, in a living state, formed a yellow incru- station, which when dried, assumed a bright reddish brown colour. In the frontal wall of the zocecia there were large pores, of which those on the margin were larger than the others (fig. 25). The occia had a large median pore; and the width of the opercular lobe amounted to about half the width of the operculum (fig. 27). The interzocecial pore tubes exhibited an arrangement that is usual in the genus Schizoporella; there were two terminal pore-chambers (fig. 26). It is probable that fig. 5 (Pl. XLII in Brit. Mar. Pol.) is meant for this form; and it is also almost certain that this is what LevinseNn (Fauna danica) calls Schizoporella sinuosa. In the specimens from the north of Norway, the zocecia were lar- ger and the frontal perforation closer than in colonies from Herlé Sound (fig. 34). But the marginal pores differed here too from the others. The oral aperture was of the same shape in both; but on the colonies 1 Hydr. Biol. Iny, Norw. Fj., p. 165, Pl. 3, fig. 10. 1898—1902. No 8] BRYOZOA. 21 from the Trondhjem Fjord and the north of Norway, I could see no median pore in the occia, which were moreover closely set with de- pressions (fig. 29). The opercular lobe was bent to one side; when the operculum was horizontal, only the projection of the lobe could be seen (fig. 32). In fig. 30 the lobe is seen, while the flap itself has been somewhat compressed. The colour of the dried incrustation was a dull brown. As far as I can understand, it is this form that Busk originally described under the name Lepralia sinuosa. It is at.any rate certain that there is a complete similarity between my specimens from the north of Norway, and a dull brown colony trom Shetland, which. I received from Canon Norman, under the name of Schizoporella sinuosa, Busx. There was no median pore in the ocecia in this either, the ocecia being moreover furnished with de- pressions. It is possible that after a thorough examination of a large number of specimens, the form from Herlé Sound cannot be accorded higher rank than a variety; but I will set it up temporarily as a species, calling it Schizoporella magniporata; and [ will here give the most important synonyms for both species. Schizoporella magniporata, NordGaaRD, n. sp. Pl. II, figs. 25—27. 1894. Schizoporella sinuosa, Levinsen, Fauna danica, Bryozoa, p. 66, PI. 5, figs. 42 & 43. Schizoporella sinuosa, Busk. 1860. Lepralia sinuosa, Busx, Quart. Journ. Mic. Soc., Vol. 8, 1860, p. 125, Pl. 24, figs. 2 & 3. 7 1867. Escharella linearis, £. secundaria, Smirr, Ofv. Kgl. Vet. Akad. Férh., Appen- dix, pp. 14 & 99, Pl. 24, figs.74—77. 1880. Schizoporella sinuosa, Hincxs (part), Brit. Mar. Poly. p. 266, PI. 42, fig. 3(?). I suppose that magniporata has on the whole a more southern distribution than sinwosa, and both are certainly nearly allied to the previously described Sch. bidenkapi. Gen. Eschara}. 35. Eschara suturata, NorDGAARD, 0. sp. Pl. IU, figs. 33—35. July, 1900, the neighbourhood of the winter haven, incrusting stones; July 18, 1901, a little north of Cape Land’s End, incrusting stones. 1 Cf. Norman, Notes on the Natural History of East Finmark. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, vol. 12, p. 110. : 22 O. NORDGAARD. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM This form somewhat resembled Schizoporella condylata. In a dried condition, both forms had a brownish colour, which was especially: concentrated at the oral aperture. There was also considerable resem- blance in the appearance of the zocecia, when the shape of the oral aperture is disregarded; and the ocecia in both presented the same raised lines. They cannot, however, be regarded as different stages of development of the same species, and I will therefore give a short diagnosis. The zocecia are separated by distinct lines or sutures, which are also to some extent found on the ocecia (fig. 34). The frontal wall of the zocecia, as also that of the ocecia, is coarsely punctured, but there are few perforations (fig. 33). The majority of these are arranged in the form of a row of marginal pores on each side. There were no avicularia to be seen. The shape of the oral aperture is that which characterises the genus Eschara (Lepralia), but the operculum (fig. 35) resembles that in Schizoporella. The species cannot thus be considered to be a typical Eschara. The interzocecial connections are long pore- channels, which also call Schizoporella to mind. It may perhaps be regarded as a connecting or transition form between the two above- named genera. 36. Hschara nordlandica, NorpGaarp. 1905. Eschara nordlandica, Norveaasp, Hydr. Biol. Inv. Norw. Fj., p. 167, Pl. 4, figs. 82—35. July, 1900, the neighbourhood of the winter haven. It seems certain that some incrustations from the neighbourhood of the winter haven belonged to the species that I described from the north of Norway. The little elevation below the oral aperture is not found in the specimens from the 2nd Fram Expedition; but this was also very frequently the case in the Norwegian specimens. The strongly- marked ribs on the operculum are a characteristic feature. The species is new to the west Arctic fauna. 37. Lschara hipposus, Smirr. Pl. II, figs. 36 & 37, 1867. Lepralia hipposus, Smirr, Ofvers. af Kgl. Vet. Akad. Forh., 1867 (Appendix) pp. 20 & 127, Pl. 26, figs. 99-105. July 19, 1901, the lower part of Gaase Fjord. The zocecia in the colonies from the 2nd Fram Expedition, exactly resembled Smrrts’s drawings. There were marginal pores, and as a rule 1898—1902. No. 8] BRYOZOA. 23 there was a little elevation below the oral aperture. The operculum (fig. 37) exhibited the properties characteristic of the genus. This spe- cies was found by Loven in Finmark (Smitt), and is also reported from Greenland, the Murman Coast and Spitsbergen (Smrrr, Brenxap). 38. L£schara sincera, Smit’. Syn. Bipenxar Kat., p. 28 (Mucronella sincera). July 3, 1900, the winter haven, on Cellepora ventricosa; July, 22 1900, the winter haven, about 30 ft.; August 4, 1900, Sjopélse Ness, 15—25 ft.; September 19, 1900, off Forvisnings Valley, 2—20 ft: July 12, 1901, bay at Land’s End, on Cellepora incrassata. The zocecia on the colonies from the winter haven (July 22, 1900) were from 1.2 to 1.8 mm. in length, and from 0.46 to 0.5 mm. in breadth. Gen. Discopora, Lamarck}, Umbonula, Hincks. 39. Discopora (Mucronella) pavonella, AvpEr. July 8, 1901, Ren Bay, a little colony grown round a seaweed stalk. Among other places, the species occurs in the Phocene of Calabria (A. Neviani). Gen. Porella, Gray. 40. Porella saccata, Busk. Pl. Il, fig. 38. Syn. Bipenxar Kat., p. 21. July 22, 1900, the winter haven, about 30 ft.; August 1, 1900, right off the mouth of Stlordalen, 10 ft.; August 4, 1900, of Sjépolse Ness, 15—28 [t.; Sept. 20, 1900, the head of Gaase Fjord, 3—20 ft. This fine Porella seems to be comparatively common in arctic waters. The specimens from the winter haven (July 22, 1900) were unusually large and beautiful (see fig. 38). One of them was 5 cm. in height and 6.5 cm. in breadth. 40 a. Porella saccata, var. rostrata, Hincss, 1888 Porella, elegantula, var. rostrata, Hincxs, Polyzoa of the St. Lawrence, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 6, vol. I, p. 228, Pl. 15, fig. 5. Sept. 19, 1900, off Forvisnings Valley, 2—20 f. Two small colonies of this easily recognisable variety — of whose zocecia Hincxs has given good drawings — were found in the above- 1 Cf Norman, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, vol. 12, p. 112. 24 O. NORDGAARD. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM named locality. One of the specimens consisted of a single stem, 11 mm. in height, the lower portion of which was round, with a diam. of 1.5 mm. The other was a fragment (14 mm. in length) with flat- tened branches, and forked at the point. This variety has hitherto only been known from the St. Lawrence (Hincxs) and from the above-named Station in the 2nd Fram Expedition. 41. Porella plana, Hincxs. Pl. Il, fig.£39. 1888. Porella skenei, f. plana, Hincxs, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 6, vol. 1, p. 221, Pl. 14, fig. 6. 1900. Porella plana, Waters, Journ. Linn. Soc., vol. 28, Pl. 11, figs. 11—13. 1902. Porella plana, K. A. Anprrsson, Zool. Jahrb., vol. 16, p. 543. July 31, 1900, the winter haven. A free-growing, compressed, and higly calcified Porella from the above-named locality proved to be of this species. The colony was about 2 em. in height, with a distance of 2.5 cm. between the extreme points of the branches. The zoccia exactly resembled those figured by Hinexs (I. ¢, Pl. 14, fig. 6). The arrangement of the avicularia was also the same as that given by Hincxs, there being one central and two lateral. The surface of the zocwcia was granulated, and there were mar- ginal pores in the frontal wall (cf. Waters, |. c., fig. 13). The opercu- lum, on the other hand, (fig. 39) was cut off rather straighter than Waters has represented it. 42. Porella concinna, Busx. Syn. Bipenxap Kat., p. 22. Aug., 1900, the north side of N. Devon, incrusting stones; July 22, 1900, the winter haven, 30 fath.; July 8, 1901, Ren Bay. There seems to be some difference between the boreal and the arctic forms of this species; but the difference is scarcely so great as to allow of a separation. In the arctic forms there were also large marginal pores, and the oral denticle was rather narrow. In some specimens from Ren Bay, the ocecia were more elongated than they have been in colonies that I have seen from more southern latitudes. 43. Porella acutirostris, Sit. Syn. Bwengap Kat., p. 22. July 22, 1900, the winter haven, about 30 fath., incrusting stones; July 12, 1901, bay at Land’s End. 1898—1902. No. 8.| BRYOZOA. 25 The zocecia and ocecia were thickly punctured. On the whole, there seemed to me to be a close resemblance to Smirr’s and Waters’ drawings. On some specimens from the winter haven (July 22, 1900), marginal pores were distinctly visible. 44. Porella alba, Norveaaro, n. sp. Pl. Ill, figs. 43—46. Sept. 19, 1900, off Forvisnings Valley, 2—20 fath.; July 8, 1901, Ren Bay, on alge; July 12, 1901, bay at Land’s End, on alge. Round incrustations of this species, especially on algae, were found in the bay at Land’s End; and at first I thought they must be Porella inflata, Waters}. It proved, on a closer examination, that this idea was not maintable. I now believe that the above Porella is a new spe- cies, and will therefore briefly characterise it. The frontal wall of both the ocecia and the zocecia is finely punc- tured. On boiling a colony in lye, and looking at it with the light fall- ing through it, there proved to be marginal pores (fig. 43). The oral aperture is oval or semicircular, and resembles that in P. acutirostris: rather than thal in inflata. The insertions of the muscles are high up on the operculum (fig. 44). The avicularium is on a prominence just below the oral aperture; and in the mandible (fig. 45), 1b mandible | Sap the width, and the free end is rounded. The length of the zocecia was from 0.65—0.78 mm., their breadth about 0.5 mm. The length as a rule, is only a little greater than 63. Rhamphostomella radiatula, Hicks. Syn. Bwenxar Fort., p. 32. July 12, 1901, bay near Land’s End, on alge. In this species the peristome is elongated upwards over the ocecia. The frontal wall of the zocecia is furnished with ribs and depressions. 1898 —1902. No. 8] BRYOZOA. 33 The best drawing of the species is to be found in Lorenz’s »Bryozoen von Jan Mayn.“ 64. Rhamphostomella bilaminata, Hincxs. PL TY, fig: 87, Syn. Brwenxap Fort., p. 32. Also 1905. Rhamphostomella plicata, Norveaarv, Hydr. Biol, Inv. Norw. Fj. p. 171, pl. 5, figs. 14 & 15. September 19, 1900, off Forvisnings Valley, 2—20 fath.; July 12, 1901, bay at Land’s End. The peristome is folded a little outwards. The avicularium, which is borne on a lateral prominence, is considerably smaller than in plicata. The length of the mandible is only a little greater than its width. Occasionally a few ribs are found upon the frontal wall of the zocecia. I presume that on Smirt’s Plate 281, figs 189 & 190 represent Rh. pli- cata, while fig. 191 is bilaminata. The length of the zocecia varies greatly (from 0.5 to 0.9 mm.), the width being from 0.4 to 0.5 mm. The frontal wall had as a rule no special ornament, but the basal wall had a strongly-marked puncturing, although this character appears to be very variable. The median denticle on the lower oral margin is very marked, and there are indications of a little short denticle on each side of it. As a rule there are few pores in the occia, but there is great variation in the number of pores. The only representatives hitherto known of the genus Rhampho- stomella are from northern cold waters. Neither Waters? nor Catver® give any species of the genus from southern cold seas. Among the specimens from the 2nd Fram Expedition, all the species of the genus known at present occurred, except Rh. fortissima, Bidenkap +. In order to facilitate the determination of these species, the follow- ing little table is given: A. Without median denticle. a. With large, ribbed zocecia: Rh. scabra. b. Frontal wall entire and quite even: 1 Ofy. Kgl. Vet. Akad. Férh., 1867. 2 Bryozoa. Voyage du S.Y. ,,Belgica*. Antwerp, 1904. 3 Bryozoen. Hamburger Magalhaensische Sammelreise, Hamburg, 1904. 4 Die Bryozoen. Fauna Arctica (Romer & Scuavpinn edit.), 1900. 34 O. NORDGAARD. [2ND ARC. EXP, FRAM Eh. hinckst. c. Frontal wall perforated; ocecium with small depressions, but no pores: Eh. ovata. B. With distinct median denticle. a. Large zocecia with strongly-marked ribs : Rh. costata. b. Large zocecia with smooth frontal wall and distinct puncturing on the basal wall: Eh. plicata. c. The zocecia with marginal pores and reticulated ornamentation of the frontal wall, and 4 oral spines: Eh. spinigera. d. The zocecia crowded together; frontal wall generally without ornament. Peristome folded outwards: Rh. bilaminata. e. The zoccia crowded together; the peristome drawn up over the ocecium, and the frontal wall furnished with ribs and depressions : Eh. radiatula. In additiun to the above there also occurred among the specimens from the 2nd Fram Expedition, the following: 65. Rhamphostomella contigua, Smit. 1867. Cellepora ramulosa f. contigua Smirr, Ofv. Kgl. Vet. Akad. Férh., 1867 (Appendix), pp. 31 & 189, pl. 28, figs. 198—201. 1905. Rhamphostomella contigua, Norpcaarp, Hydr. Biol. Inv. Norw. Fj., p. 172, pl. 5, figs. 18—20. July 22, 1900, the neighbourhood of the winter haven; 1900, the north side of N. Devon, incrusting stones; July 13, 1901, a little north of Cape Land’s End, incrustation on stones. According to the form of the operculum, this species cannot well be regarded as a Cellepora, and in my above-named work I referred the species to Rhamphostomella, because I knew of no better place to put it in; but it can hardly be regarded as a typical form of this genus. In higly calcified colonies from the neighbourhood of the winter haven (July 22, 1900), little or nothing of the spines on the oral margin were visible. 1898—1902. No. 8.] BRYOZOA. 35 Norman! informs us that his Cellepora whiteavesi, MS. in the »Valorous* Report = Rh. contigua, Smirr. Gen. Cellepora. Fabricius. 66. Cellepora incrassata, Smitt. Syn. Bwenxar Kat, p. 34. July 24, 1900, the winter haven; Aug. 1, 1900, right off the mouth of Stordalen, 10 fath.; Aug. 3, 1900, Fosheim Peak and the valley on the west side of the fjord, 2—20 fath.; Aug. 4, 1900, Sjépélse Ness 15—2 fath.; Aug. 7, 1900, East Cape, 10—25 fath.; Sept. 20, 1900, the head of Gaase Fjord, 3—20 fath.; July 12, 1901, bay at Land’s End. 67. Cellepora ventricosa, LORENZ. Syn. Bmenxar Kat., p. 32. July 3, 1900, the winter haven; July 25, 1900, the winter haven; Aug. 4, 1900, Sjopélse Ness, 15—25 fath.; July 12, 1901, bay at Land’s End. When the two species are placed side by side ventricosa is distin- guishable by its remarkably large zocecia. Gen. Retepora, Lamarck. 68. Retepora wallichiana, Bus. Syn. Bivenxar Kat., p. 31. July 22, 1900, the winter haven, about 30 fath.; Aug. 3, 1900, Fos- heim Peak and the valley on the west side of the fjord, 2—20 fath.; Sept. 19, 1900, off Forvisnings Valley; Sept. 20, 1900, the head of Gaase Fjord, 3—20 fath.; July 19, 1901, the lower part of Gaase Fjord. Sub-order Cyclostomata. Gen. Crisia, Lamourouc. 69. Crisia denticulata, LAMARCK. July 18, 1900, the winter haven, about 20 fath.; July 22, 1900, the winter haven, about 30 fath.; July 29, 1900, the winter haven, about 6 fath.; Sept. 19, 1900, off Forvisnings Valley, 2—20 fath.; 1 Ann. Mag, Nat. Hist., ser. 7, vol. 17, p. 92. 36 O. NORDGAARD. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Sept. 20, 1900, the head of Gaase Fjord, 3—20 fath.; July 8, 1900, Ren Bay; July 9, 1901. In several specimens there were ocecia, situated, as usual, at the ends of the internodes. They were sometimes 1.04 mm. in length, with a maximum width of 0.47 mm. Gen. Tubulipora, Lamarck. 70. Tubulipora flabellaris, Fasr. Cf. Harmer, On the Development of Tubulipora, Quart. Journ. Mic Soc. vol. 44, No. 3. July 22, 1900, the winter haven, young colonies on alge; Sept. 19, 1900, off Forvisnings Valley, 2—20 fath., on alge; July 8, 1901, Ren Bay, on alge. , Harmer has shown that the oceciostome in this species is a flattened tube, and the oceciopore a slit. The latter, in specimens from the 2nd Fram Expedition, was about 0.13 mm. in length. The largest of the colonies found had a width of 9 mm. Gen. Idinonea, Lamouroux. 71. Idmonea atlantica, Forses. Cf. Warers, Bryozoa from Franz Josef Land, Part II. Cyrlostomata, Ctenosto- mata and Endoprocta. Journ. Linn. Soc., vol. 29. Sept. 19, 1900, off Forvisnings Valley 2—20 fath.; Aug. 16, 1901, Gaase Fjord, about 7 fath. I could not find ocecia in any of the colonies, but on the whole it must be said that there was a good resemblance to specimens of this species that I have seen from more southern latitudes. In the specimens from the station off Forvisnings Valley, the length of the zocecia was 0.52—0.65 mm., their thickness about 0.144 mm. The distance between the rows of zocecia was about 0.6 mm. In the specimens from the second-named locality, the length of the zocecia was 0.65—0.78 mm., their thickness about 0.195 mm. The distance between the rows of zocecia was about 0.6 mm. The number of zocecia in each row was found not to exceed 4 in any specimen. Gen. Diastopora, Lamouroun. 72. Diastopora obelia, var. arctica, WATERS. Cf. Warers, Bryozoa from Franz Josef Land, Part II, Journ. Linn. Soc., vol. 29, p. 171, pl. 21, fig. 1. 1898—1902. No. 8] BRYOZOA. 37 July 22, 1900, the winter haven, about 30 fath.; Aug. 4, 1900, Sjépolse Ness, 15—25 fath. The colonies from the winter haven were attached to Flustra serru- lata. There were ocecia. The oral aperture of the zocecia was 0.13 mm. in diameter, and the diameter of the tubules was about half that. In Diastopora obelia, the diameter of the tubules is comparatively less. Gen. Lichenopora, Defrance. 73. Lichenopora verrucaria, F apr. July 22, 1900, the winter haven, upon alge; July 8, 1901, Ren Bay on alge; July 9, 1901, between Ren Bay and Cape Land’s End; July 12, 1901, bay at Land’s End, on alge. The diameter of the largest specimen was 5 mm. In several cases the trumpet-like oceciostome was observable. 74. Lichenopora crasiuscula, Smit. Discoporella crasiuscula, Smitr, Ofvers. Kgl. Vet. Akad. Férh., 1866, pp. 406 & 482, pl. 11, figs. 7-9. Lichenopora crasiuscula, Waters, Journ. Linn. Soc., vol. 29, p. 177. July 18, 1900, the winter haven; July 5, 1901, the sound; July 8, 1901, Ren Bay; July 18, 1901, the mouth of Gaase Fjord. Smitt states that the colonies of crasiuscula are rather raised, so as to be almost hemispherical. I have compared colonies of hispida from By Fjord near Bergen and from the Trondhjem Fjord, with crasi- uscula from the 2nd Fram Expedition, and have found that as a rule hispida forms thinner, more compressed colonies than crasiuscula. The zocecia, moreover, in the latter, project less from the calcarous mass than is the case in hispida, which, on this account, appears to the naked eye as if furnished with distinct radial ribs. In both forms, the walls of the pores are finely denticulated (stel- late pores). The largest specimen of crasiuscula from the 2nd Fram Expedition was 7 mm. in diameter. 38 O. NORDGAARD. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Sub-order. Ctenostomata. Gen. Alcyonidium, Lamouroun. 75. Alcyonidium, mytili, DALYELL. July 12, 1901, bay at Land’s End, little colony on a seaweed. Among the specimens from the 2nd Fram Expedition, there was only one small colony; but this is sufficient to extend the already con- siderable area of distribution of this species. The zocecia were about 0.6 mm. in length, and about 0.26 broad. In a colony from the coast outside Bergen, the corresponding measure- ments were found to be from 0.65 to 0.78 mm., and about 0.39 mm. The species has so large a distribution, that it may almost be said to be cosmopolitan. It has been found in Spitsbergen and King Carl’s Land (K. A. Anpersson), Jan Mayen (Lorenz), the Norwegian coast, Denmark (Levinsen), the Baltic (Mésrus), the French side of the Channel (Barots), the Mediterranean and the Adriatic (CaLver, Waters), Australia, Port Philip, (Kirkpatrick), south of Tierra del Fuego, Isle Navarin, Puerto Toro (Carvet!), Alaska (RoBEerTSon), 76. Alcyonidium mamillatum, ALDER. July 9, 1901, between Ren Bay and Cape Land’s End. On Buccinum from the above locality, an Alcyonidium was found which I believe is identical with maméillatwm. ‘The latter has also previously been found in arctic seas. It is given by Levinsen from the Kara Sea, by Smirr from Spitsbergen and Novaja Semlja, by Lorenz, from Jan Mayn by K. A. Anpersson from EastGreenland, and by VANHOFFEN from West Greenland. It is also known from Gullmar Fjord, Bohuslen (Smirt) and from Northumberland, deep water (ALDER). In ,Ofvers af Kel. Vet. Akad. Foérh.“, 1866 (p. 497), Smrrr has given mamillatum as a form of A. hirsutum; andof the figures be- longing to hirsutum (Pl. 12, figs. 3—8), only figs. 5 and 6 are given by Hincxs in Brit. Mar. Pol. as of the species mamillatum. As figs. 5 and 6 represent zoccia of a specimen from Gullmar Fjord, while figs. 3 and 4 are of zocecia of a colony from Bell Sound, Spitsbergen, this of itself indicates a difference between the arctic and the boreal specimens of the species; but whether the difference is suf- ficiently great to allow of a systematic separation, I am at present un- able to decide. In the specimen that I found among those from the 2nd Fram Expedition, the young zocecia showed a great resemblance to ’ Hamburger Magalhaensische Sammelreise. Bryozoen, p. 88. Hamburg 1904. 1898-1902. No. 8] BRYOZOA. 39 Suirr’s fig. 3 on pl. 12. The semicircular thickening that recalls the operculum in Cheilostomata was present. In a colony from Bell Sound, Sarr found the length of the zocecia to vary between 0.7 and 0.85 mm. In the specimen from the 2nd Fram Expedition, the length of the zocecia was from 0.9 to 1.17 mm., and their breadth from 0.39 to 0.52 mm. I am most inclined to regard Alcyonidium mamillatuwm as an originally arctic species, which, in the most southerly of the places where it is found, is a relict form the Glacial Period, and has thus become some- what dwarfed in those localities. 77. Bowerbankia imbricata, Avams. July 19, 1901, the lower part of Gaase Fjord. On Bugula murrayana, var. fruticosa from the above locality, there were found creeping colonies of a Bowerbankia which I have identified with imbricata. Among the Bryozoa collected by Captain H. W. Feitpen in the North Polar Expedition, Busx! found only one ctenostomatous species, which occurred on Bugula fruticosa. He de- scribes it as follows: ,,Zocecia in opposite pairs at very distant intervals on a slender tubular stem.“ And he adds: In case it be new, it might be termed Farella, or, if with a gizzard, perhaps Bowerbankia arctica.“ The specimen mentioned was in such a bad condition that no more minute examination could be made. Since that time, no arctic Farella has been found, and the name Farella arctica ought for the present to he put aside. VANHOFFEN2, on the other hand, found a form in the Karajak Fjord in Greenland, which he names Bowerbankia arctica, Busx. This name would indeed be right if the form found by Vanuir, FEN were specifically different from imbricata; but it is most probable that it was imbricata that occurred in the Karajak Fjord; for Hincxs mentions the species from the White Sea and Queen Charlotte Islands- and Auce Ropertson from Alaska, thus giving imbricata an arctic distribution. Nor could I find any systematic difference between speci- mens from the Bergen coast and the colonies from the lower end of Gaase Fjord. The first-named have as a rule free colonies, in which the zocecia are gathered into small groups, while the arctic were creep- ing. The arctic specimens also seem to have larger zocecia (up to 1.3 mm.); Journ. Linn. Soc., vol. 15, p. 240, pl. 18, fig. 9. 2 Die Fauna u. Flora Gronlands. Grénland- Expedition der Gesellschaft fiir Erd- kunde zu Berlin. 1891—1893, vol. II, p. 234. 40 O. NORDGAARD. [2ND ARC, EXP, FRAM but no systematic distinguishing feature could be discovered. Until the arctic Bowerbankia proves to be different from imbricata therefore, the name arctica must be set on one side. Some Remarks on certain Species and their Distribution. I thus believe that among the specimens brought back by the 2nd Fram Expedition, I have demonstrated the occurrence of the following species : 1. Gemellaria loricata, Lin. 2. Menipea gracilis, 1. v. Brnepen. 3." _ elongata, Smit. 4. Scrupocellaria scabra, 1. v. Benepen. 5. Bugula murrayana, Jonnston. 6a — _ var. fruticosa, Packarp. 6.* — harmsworthi, Waters. 7.* Cellaria articulata, Fazr. 8. Flustra membranaceo-truncata, Suir. 9* = serrulata, Busx. 10. Membranipora catenularia, Jamxson. 11. — craticula, ALprr. 12, _ arctica, pD’OrBIGNY. 13.* = unicornis. FiLem., var. armifera, Hinxcs. 14.* = nigrans, Hincxs. 15. = cymbeeformis, Hincxs. 16. — trifolium, S. Woop. 17. Cribrilina annulata, Fasr. 18. Harmeria scutulata, Busx. 19. Doryporella spathuliferra, Smrrr. 20. Porina tubulosa, Norman. 21. Hippothoa hyalina, Lin. 22.* = expansa, Dawson. 93, — divaricata, Lamourovux. 24.* Leieschara subgracile, p’Orsicny. 25. Schizoporella plana, Dawson. 26.* _ biaperta, Micuriin. 27. _ lineata, NorpGaarp. 28. _ reticulato-punctata, Hincks. 29. _— stormi, Norpcaarp. 30.* _ bispinosa, NorpeaarD, n. sp. 31. _— levinseni, NorpGaarp. 32.* —_ condylata, NorpGAarD, n. sp. 33.* = producta, Packarp. 34.* —_— bidenkapi, Norpeaarp, n. sp. 30." Eschara suturata, Norpeaarp, n. sp. 36. — nordlandica, Norpeaarp. 37. _ hipposus, Smrrv. 38. _— sincera, SMirr. 1898—1902. No. 8] BRYOZOA. 44 39. Discopora pavonella, ALDER. 40. Porella saccata, Busk. 40a* — _ var rostrata, Hincks. 41.* — plana, Hincxs. 42. — concinna, Busx. 43. — acutirostris, Smrrr. 44." — — alba, Norveaarn, n. sp. 45, — proboscidea, Hincks. 46.* — umbonata, Norveaann, n. sp. 47. Escharoptis sarsi, Sirr. 48. Monoporella spinulifera, Hincxs. 49. Escharella ventricosa, Hassatt. 50. _— abyssicola, Norman. 51. — laqueata, Norman. 52. — labiata, Borcx. 53, Escharoides jacksoni, Waters. 54. Smittina smitti, KirncHenpavuer. ‘ 50. = jeffreyst, Norman. 56.* - minuscula, Smit. 57. Rhamphostomella scabra, Fasr. 58. — costata, Lorenz. 59.* — plicata, Suitt. 60.* _— hincksi, NorpDGAARD, n. nom. 61.* = spinigera, Lorenz. 62.* — ovata, Smirt. 63. — radiatula, Hincke. 64. —_ bilaminata, Hincks. 65. —_ contigua, Surrr. 66. Cellepora incrassata. Swit. 67. _ ventricosa, LORENZ. 68. Retepora wallichiana, Busx. 69. Crisia denticulata, Lamarck. 70. Tubulipora flabellaris, Fazr. 11. Idmonea atlantica, Forses. 72.* Diastopora obelia, var. arctica, Waters. 73. Lichenopora verrucaria, Fasr. Th — crasiuscula, SMirt. 75. Alcyonidium mytili, Darye.y. 76.* — mamillatum, ALDER. 77. Bowerbankia imbricata, Apams. An asterisk before a name indicates that up to the present the species has not been observed on the Norwegian shores. The number of such species makes up about one third of the whole. There is reason to suppose that continued search would reduce this third to some extent; but there would be almost sure to be a considerable remainder which probably be sought for in vain on the Norwegian coast. When, on the other hand, the higher latitudes of the arctic region are reached, the number of species that are common to both increases and the resem- blance between the east and west arctic Bryozoan fauna must be admitted to be very great. There seems, however, to be a difference, and it 42 0. NORDGAARD. [2ND ARC. EXP, FRAM may be worth while to find out in which direction this difference mani- fests itself. In the arctic fauna, there is only one species of the Genus Cellaria, namely, C. articulata, Fasr. (C. borealis, Busx). This genus also seems to be especially associated with the southern hemisphere. This is possibly connected with the circumstance pointed out by F. Canu, that the Bryozoan fauna of the southern hemisphere is of an old charac- ter?, Among the British Cellaria species, C. fistulosa, Lin. is of recent distribution from Malangen Fjord in the north of Norway to Australia and New Zealand, and the species is found in a fossil state in Tertiary deposits in S. W. Victoria (WatERS) and in the Eocene of Calabria (Neviani). C. sinuosa, Hassaty, has not such a wide recent distribu- tion, but is found in fossil state in the Crag (Busk), in the Italian Pliocene (Manzoni), and in Tertiary strata in South Australia (see Hincxs, B. M. P_., p. 110). C. johnsoni, Busx, has been found in the pre- sent day from Shetland to Madeira, and in the fossil state in the Cala- brian Miocene (Neviani). The genus Cellaria occupy a somewhat iso- lated position in the present fauna, and for this reason alone, one is inclined to look upon it as a veteran genus. Waters? says moreover that he has come to the conclusion ,that Cellaria and Onychocella branched from a common ancestor before the Cretaceous“. But it is not easy to arrive at any certain result with regard to the age of the various species. As far as I know, C. articulata has not been found as a fossil; and it is possible that it has originated from some Tertiary pri- mitive form or other, and has little by little established its characters under the severe natural conditions which took the place of the mild climate of the Tertiary Period. The comparatively limited field of its distribution may also possibly be regarded as an indication that the age of the species is not very great. The distribution of a species ought scarcely to be looked at only in the light of the hydrographic conditions. It thus appears to be a more or less general rule that a wide distribu- tion in time corresponds with a wide distribution in space. While Hincxs and Rosertson state that C. articulata is abundant at Queen Charlotte Islands, and according to the descriptions of several investigators, is thought to be quite common off Greenland, and was found by the 2nd Fram Expedition in several places on the east side of Hell Gate, there 1 Un caractére nettement archaique quand on considére les genres surtout“. Cf. F. Canu, Les Bryozoaires du Patagonien, p. 5. Mémoires de Ja Soc. Géol. de France, Paléontologie, vol. 12, fasc. 3, mem. no. 33. Paris, 1904. Bryozoa, p. 86. Expéd. Antarctique Belge. 1898—1902. No. 8.] BRYOZOA. 43 is only one report of its occurrence in the east arctic region (Ice Fjord on Spitsbergen, according to Smrrr). The reason that the species is not found in the numerous sounds and currents of East Spitsbergen, can scarcely be that they cannot thrive there. And if, in reality, it is not more widely dis- tributed in the east arctic region than our present acquaintance with this matter indicates, the reason must be sought in the fact that the species has not yet had time enough for a cireumpolar distribution. There is another thing that may possibly be deduced from the distribution of this species. As it occurs in abundance off Greenland and in the North American archipelago, but very sparsely off Spitsbergen, it is highly probable that Greenland lies nearer to the distribution-centre than Spitsbergen, whither it must have come from the west. A simi- lar chain of reasoning may be applied to Flustra serrulata. In the east arctic region, this species has only been found in the Kara Sea (Leviysen), and it is natural to suppose that it has come thither from Greenland. The species described as new cannot in the mean time be employed in zob-geographical considerations, and with regard to the others, the greater number of them are circumpolar, while again others such as Schizoporella producta, Packarp, and Porella saccata, var. rostrata, Hinuxs, are up to the present found only in west arctic waters. There thus appears to be a difference between the west and east arctic waters as regards the Bryozoan fauna, and one would think that a careful study of the distribution of the different species, would lead to important conclusions regarding the locality in which the arctic condi- tions first took the place of the Tertiary. The above seems to point to the probability that the first creation of the arctic forms took place north of America, and not north of Europe. On the whole, it is pos- sible that the great changes in the natural conditions of the earth are the most important, or one of the most important, of the species-form- ing reasons. Hincxs described a Cellaria from Queen Charlotte Islands, C. man- dibulata, which, on account of its occurrence might possibly be sup- posed to be arctic. This is not the case, however, for A. Ropertson! now states that the above-named species has a large distribution, and is most general in southern waters. C. articulata is thus left as the sole representative of its genus in the arctic fauna. On the other hand, t Non-incrusting chilostomatous Bryozoa of the West Coast of N. America. Uni- veristy of California Publications. Zoology. Vol 12, no. 5, p. 289. 44 0. NORDGAARD. [(2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Canu! gives 3 species of Cellaria from Patagonia; and from the Belgian antarctic expedition, Waters mentions 4 species, one of which, C. lata, is described as new. Even in this there is an indication that Canu’s general remark on the relation between the Bryozoan fauna in the nor- thern and in the southern hemispheres, may probably have a_ special application to the character of the arctic and antarctic fauna. The simi- larity in the hydrographic conditions of the arctic and antarctic waters in the present day, is not reflected at all in the Bryozoan fauna, as there are few species in common?. And whatever the reasen may be, this dissimilarity is connected with the fact that the age of the species seem throughout to be less in the arctic than in the antarctic Bryozoan world. which on the whole bears the impress of age. ' Les Bryozoaires du Patagonien. 2 See Waters, Bryozoa, Expédition Antarctique Belge; Carver, Bryozoen, Ham- burger Magalhaensische Sammelreise. — Pl. Pl. I. Fig. 1—5. Bugula harmsworthi, Warrrs, °/, 1900, Vinterhavnen. - 1. Zowcium and Occium. frontal view, °°/,. - 2 The anterior part of a Zocwciun, lateral view, *2/,. - 3. Zocecia, dorsal view, 0, Ocwcium, e, terminal wall, 52/,. - 4, Zocecium, lateral view, rp, rosette-plates, °*/,. - §, Avicularium, °3/,. - 6. Flustra serrulata, Bus, 2*/, 1900, Vinterhavnen. '/,. - 7-9. Membranipora nigrans, Hivcxs, 3°/, 1901, Gaasefjord. - 7. Terminal wall with rosette-plates, °3/,. - 8. Ocecium, frontal view, rp, rosette-plates, dv, distal wall, pv, proximal wal} of the owcium, ®?/,. - 9 Lateral wall of the zocecium, a, avicularium, °2/,. - 10-11. Schizoporella stormi, Norve., 22/, 1900, Vinterhavnen. - 10. Frontal wall of the Zoccium, *2/,. - 11. Ovcecium, 52/,. - 12-14. Schizoporella biaperta, Micneuin, 22/, 1900, Vinterhaynen. - 12. Zocecia, *?/,. - 13. Mandible, ®3/,. - 44 Operculum, mf, muscular insertion, ®3/,. Aep.of the 2"! Norwed. Aret_Exped.in the Fram 1898-1902. N:0 8. 7 1 aS 7 mt — Nordg.del. except fig.6 which Bucher dei. Lilogruteringsh. Kea, Pl. Il. Pl. Il. Fig. 15, Schizoporella bispinosa, Norpe., v. sp., 12/; 1901, Bugt ved Landsend, *2/,. - 16-18. Schizoporella condylata, Norve., n. sp., 22/; 1900, Vinterhavnen. - 16. Zoccia and Oecia, *?/,. - 17. Operculum, °°/,. - 18. Pore-chambers, °?/;. - 19-21. Schizoporella producta, Packarp, */, 1901, Sundet. - 19. Zocecium, *2/,. - 20. Ocecium, *2/,. - 921. Operculum, °3/,. : - 92-94, Schizoporella bidenkapi, Norove., n. sp., */s 1900, Sjopolseneset. - 22. Zocecia, ®2/,. - 93, Ovecia, 52/,. - 24 Operculum, *?/,. - %5—27, Schizoporella magniporata, Norve., n. sp., 1°/, 1902, Herlosund, Bergen. - 5. Zowcia and Occium, *?/,. - 26. Pore-chambers, tp, terminal p. ¢., 5?/,. - 27, Operculum, °3/,. Rep. of the (use Norwes.Arct.Exped.in the Fram 1898-1902. W:o 8. Pl. il. oy N ordg. d el. Kurtog Litoyruferingsh Mra PI. Ill. Pl. til. Fig. 28. Schizoporella sinuosa, Busk, 1894, Heg i Trondhjemsfjorden, pore-chambers, tp, terminal p. c., °2/,. - 29-30. Schizoporella sinuosa, Busx, '4/, 1899, Ostnesfjord, Lofoten. - 29. Ocecium and the anterior part of the zoec., 52/,. - 80. Operculum, °*/,. - 381-82. Schizoporella sinuosa, Busx, '*/, 1899, Digermulen, Lofoten. - 81. Zocecia, *?/,. - 32. Operculum, *°3/,. - 33-35. Eschara suturata, Norpe., n. sp., 13/, 1901, North of Cape Land’s End. - 83. Zoccium, *?/,. - 84 Ocecium, s and s, are sutural lines, °2/;. - 85. Operculum, °3/,. - 86-37. Eschara hipposus, Smrtr, '°/, 1901, Ytre Gaasefjord. - 386. Oral aperture, °?/,. - 87. Operculum, °3/,. - 88. Porella saccata, Busx, ?*/, 1900, Vinterhavnen, '/,. - 39. Porella plana, Hincxs, *'/7 1900, Vinterhavnen, Operculum, *?/,. - 40-42. Porella wmbonata, Norne., n. sp., Aug. 1900, Vinterhavnen. - 4. Zoccia with occium, *2/,. - 41. Mandible, ?°°/,. - 42. Operculum, *%/,. - 48—46. Porella alba, Norne., n. sp., '?/, 1901, Bugt ved Landsend. - 48, Zocecia, *2/,. - 44. Operculum, *3/,. - 45. Mandible, ?6°/,. - 46-47. Smittina minuscula, Smirt, '2/, 1901, Bugt ved Landsend. - 46. Zoccia, >?/;. - 47. Oral denticle, °°/,. Rep. of the 2" Norweg.Arct.Exped.in the Fram 1898-1902, No 8. Pale (Wh. Nordg. del. except fig. 38 which Bucher del. Rurdeng Litograferingsh. Kr Pl. IV. Pl. IV. Fig. 48. Smittina jeffreyst, Norman, '°/, 1901, Gaasefjord, '/,. 49--50. Rhamphostomella plicata, Smrrt, °/, 1901, Renbugten. 49. Zoccia and owcia, ®°/,. 50. Mandible, **/,. 51. Rhamphotomella hincksi, Norve., n. nom., */; 1901, Renbugten, Zoccia and Ooscia, **/,. 52—55. Rhamphostomella spinigera, Lorenz, */, 1901, Renbugten. 52. Ocecium and the anterior part of the Zowc., *?/,. 53—54. Different forms of oral denticles, °°/,. 55. Ornamentation on the frontal wall of the Zowc., °?/,. 56. Rhamphostomella ovata, Smit, '°/, 1900, off Forvisningsdalen, Zowcium and Occium, *?/,. 57. Rhamphostomella bilaminata, Hincxs, '°/, 1900, off Forvisningsdalen, Zocecium and Occium, °?/,. Printed 20. december 1906. oO. Rep. of fhe 2™ Norweg.Arct-Exped.in the Fram 1898-1902. N:o & PI.IV. iar ‘a 4 ‘ . a eg = Nordg. del. except fig. 48 which Bucher del. te ae REPORT OF THE SECOND NORWEGIAN ARCTIC EXPEDITION IN THE “FRAM” 1898—1902. No. 9. FUNGI COLLECTED BY H. G. SIMMONS ON THE 25? NORWEGIAN POLAR EXPEDITION, 1898—1902. DETERMINED BY E. R OSTRUP. AT THE EXPENCE OF THE FRIDTJOF NANSEN FUND FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE PUBLISHED BY VIDENSKABS-SELSKABETI KRISTIANIA (THE SOCIETY OF ARTS AND SCIENCES OF KRISTIANIA) 8 KRISTIANIA PRINTED BY A. W.BROGGER 1906 oe Fungi Collected by H. G. Simmons on the 24 Norwegian Polar Expedition, 1898—1902. Determined by E. Rostrup. Most of the collecting was done on Ellesmere Land (indicated by FE in the list), a smaller number of specimens having come from the west coast of Greenland (indicated by G in the list). Out of the 80 species given in the following list, 73 belong to Ellesmere Land, whence also come all the 8 new species of fungi of which a description is here given. The fungi brought home, with a few exceptions, are asso- ciated with the phanerogamous vegetation — the very great majority with dead stalks and leaves of plants — and are less frequently found as true parasitic fungi. It is therefore more especially Spheriacee and Spheropsidee (pycnidial forms) that are represented in the following list. Many of these fungi that are associated with particular hosts, occur so frequently that it is not easy to find a specimen of those plants that has not its last year’s stalks or withered leaves occupied by numerous perithecia and pycnidia. Many of the fungi recorded from a single locality, especially those of the genera Pleospora and Spherella, are really found wherever the hosts are met with. In the case of these species, the locality given only indicates the particular places in which the fungus was submitted to a careful microscopical examination. H. G. SIMMONS. [QnD ARC. EXP. FRAM Ustilaginaceae. Sphacelotheca Hydropiperis (Scuum.) de Bary. In the ovary of Polygonum viviparum: E. Gaase Ford, an- choring-ground in Havne Fjord. Ustilago Caricis (Psrs.). In the ovary of Elyna Bellardi: E. Fram’s Fyjord. Uredinaceae. Puccinia Saxifragae SCHLECHT. Leaves of Saxifraga nivalis: G. Foulke Fjord. Melampsora arctica Rostr. Leaves of Salix arctica: G. Foulke Fjord. E. Eskimopolis, Mu- skusoxe Fjord, Havne Fjord, Fram’s Haven. Agaricaceae. Mycena pumila (Butt). Among moss: E. Fram’s Haven. Collybia dryophila (Buti). E. Anchoring-ground in Havne Fjord. Tricholoma caelatum (Fr.). EK. Stordalen near Havne Fjord. Omphalia umbellifera (L.). E. Among moss: Eskimopolis. Hebeloma fastibilis (Fr.). E. Cocked Hat Island. Naucoria festiva (Fr.). E. Cape Rutherford. NN. melinoides (Fr.). E. Skrellinga in Alexandra Fjord; An- choring-ground in Havne Fjord. N. nimbosa (Fr.). E. Sir Angles Peak, Gaase Fjord. Galera hypnorum (Batscu). E. Bedford Pim Island, Skreel- lingo in Alexandra Fjord, @redalen, Havne Fjord. Psalliota campestris (L.). E. Fram’s Fjord. Ps. Rodmani (Peck). HE. Fram’s Fjord. Psathyrella polaris n. sp. Pileus membranaceus, ovato-campanulatus, 0,5 cm. latus, luteo- ochraceus, sulcato-striatus; stipes albus, laxus, 1—2 em. altus; sporae aterrimae, ellipsoideae, 8—9 w |.. 5—6 w cr. In stercore Bovis ma- schatis. KE. Gaase Fjord. 1898— 1902. No. 9.] FUNGI. 5 Russulina lutea (Hups.). E. Fram’s Haven. Cantharellus lobatus (Prrs.). E. On clumps of moss. Gaase Fjord. Gasteromycetes. Lycoperdon gemmatum (Batscu). E. Cape Rutherford, Fram’s Fjord, anchoring-ground in Havne Fjord. Pezizaceae. Sclerotinia Vahliana Rostr. Eriophorum Suheuchzeri. E. Fram’s Haven, Mredalen. Mollisia graminis (Drsm.) Catabrosa algida: E. Bedford Pim Island; Fram’s Haven. Trochila Potentillae Rostr. Potentilla rubricaulis: G. Foulke Fjord. Trochila juncicola Rostr. Luzula nivalis. E. Gaase Fjord. Trochila ignobilis Karst. Elyna spicata: E. Fram’s Fjord. Niptera melatephra (Lascu.). Eriophorum polystachyum: E. Anchoring-ground in Havne Fjord. Hysteriaceae. Lophodermium arundinaceum (ScHRAD.). Glyceria_distans: E. Havne Fjord. Festuca ovina: E. Bedford Pim Island, Gaase Fjord. Lophodermium maculare (FR.). Leaves of Myrtillus uliginosus: E. Havne Fjord. Spheeriaceae. Sporormia intermedia Awp. On excrements of musk oxen: E. Beitstad Fjord. Pleospora herbarum (Prrs.). Everywhere on withered stalks and leaves of dicotyledonous plants: Arnica alpina, Taraxacum hyparchicum, Campanula uniflora, Armeria sibirica, Pedicularis capitata and lanata, Chamenerium 6 H. G. SIMMONS. [Qnp ARC. EXP. FRAM latifolium, Potentilla rubricaulis and nivea, Saxifraga aizoides, cernua, groenlandica, hirculus and nivalis, Draba nivalis and fladni- zensis, Papaver radicatum, Ranunculus sulphureus and affinis, Melandryum affine, Stellaria langipes, Alsine verna, Polygonum viviparum, Oayria digyna. These hosts, which are attacked by Pleospora herbarum, are all found in various parts of Ellesmere Land, with the exception of Potentilla nivea and Polygonum viviparum, wich are from Foulke Fjord in Greenland. Pleospora Drabae Scuroet. Draba alpina: E. Bedford Pim Island. Pleospora vulgaris Ness. Pedicularis hirsuta: G. Egedesminde. — Potentilla emarginata: E. Skrellings. Cystopteris fragilis: E. Havne Fjord. — Lycopodium Selago: E. Bedford Pim Island. Pleospora pentamera Karst. Frequent upon various monocotyledons, in many places on Elles- mere Land: Luzula confusa and arcuata, Carex nardina and stans, Arctagrostis latifolia, Aira cespitosa var. arctica, Trisetum subspi- catum, Poa abbreviata, glauca and cenisea. Pleospora platyspora Sacc. Braya purpurascens: KE. Havne Fjord. Pleospora infectoria FUucKEL. Catabrosa algida: E. Havne Fjord. Pyrenophora comata (Nissst) Potentilla pulchella: E. Gaase Fjord. — Arenaria ciliata: EK. Havne Fjord. — Oxyria digyna: E. Fram’s Haven. Leptospheria Silenes Not. Silene acaulis. EK. Havne Fjord. Leptosphexria microscopica Karst. Stalks of Eriophorum polystachyum: KE. Oredalen, Havne Fjord. Leptospheria epicarecta Cooke. Carex stans: E. Fram’s Haven, Lastreadalen. Chetospheria byssiseda Rostr. Potentilla emarginata: KE. Gaase Fjord. 1898—1902. No. 9.] FUNGI. 7 Spherulina Pleuropogonis n. sp. Peritheciis gregariis, vaginicolis, fuscis; ascis clavato-fusoideis, 55—65 uw |., 10—12 w er., aparaphysatis; sporidiis cylindraceis, utrinque obtusis, hyalinis vel pallide flavescentibus, 19—20 mw 1, 5—6 ft ef, oblique monostichis. In vaginis Pluropogonis Sabinei. E. Fram’s Fjord. Venturia chlorospora Fr. Salix arctica: E. Bedford Pim Island. Hayes Sound. Stigmatea Ranunculi Fr. Ranunculus sulfureus: E. Gaase Fjord. — R. Sabinei: E. Galgodden. Spherella Taraxaci Karst. Leaves of Taraxacum hyparcticum: FE. Fram’s Haven. Spherella pachyasca Rostr. Chameenerium latifolium, Ranunculus affinis, Eutrema Edwarsii, all near Havne Fjord; Sawifraga Hirculus: E. Fram’s Fjord, Sir Ingles Peak. Ranunculus hyperboreus: E. Cape Rutherfjord. Spherella trichophila Karst. Pedicularis flammea: G. Godhavn. Spherella ootheca Sacc. Dryas octopetala. EK. Gaase Fjord. — D. integrifolia: E. Havne Fjord, Gaase Fjord. Spherella arthopyrenioides Awp. Papaver radicatum: E. Gaase Fjord, Bedford Pim Island, Lastrea- dalen, Eskimopolis. Spherella Crucitferarum (FR.). Braya purpurascens: E. Havne Fjord. — Draba subcapitata. K. Gaase Fjord. Spherella Stellarianearum (RBu.). Halianthus peploides: G. Foulke Fjord. Spherella Polygonorum (CRig). Polygonum viviparum: E, Skrellingo. G. Foulke Fjord. Spherella Tassiana Not. Everywhere on withered stalks and leaves of monocotyledonous plants: Juncus biglumis, Eriophorum Scheuchzeri and polystachyum, Elyna Bellardi, Carex membranopacta, C. stans, C. ustulata, C. pedata, C. incurva, Arctagrostis latifolia, Airu cespitosa var. arctica, Alopecurus alpinus, Catabrosa algida, Trisetum subspicatum, Poa 8 H. G. SIMMONS. |2nD ARC. EXP. FRAM abbreviata, P. cenisea, P. evagans, Glyceria Vahliana and G. distans. These hosts, which are attacked by Spherella Tassiana, are all found in various parts of Ellesmereland. Also upon Glyceria tenella: Foulke- Fjord in Greenland. Spherella pusilla Awp. Aira ceespitosa var. arctica, Catabrosa algida and Poa glauca: E. Gaase Fjord. Carex membranopacta: E. Havne Fjord. Spherella Luzulae Cooke. Tuzula arcuata: E. Fram’s Fjord. Spherella Wichuriana Scuroet. Eriophorum palystachyum: E. Bedford Pim Island. Spheeropsideae. Phoma Sceptri Karst. Pedicularis lapponica, P. flaiamea and P. hirsuta: G. Disco. Phoma Cichoracearum Sacc. Stalks of Taraxacum hyparcticum: E. Fram’s Haven. Phoma potentillica ALLESCHER. Potentilla emarginata: G. Foulke Fjord. Phoma alpina Spee. Saxifraga groenlandica: KE. Gaase Fjord. Phoma Caricis (FR.). Carex membranopacta: E. Lastreeadalen. Coniothyrium Saxifragae n. sp. Peritheciis gregariis, epiphyllis, atrofuscis, hemisphaericis, opacis; sporulis oblongis, saepe medio subconstrictis, fuscis, pariete crasso, 9—10 wl, 5 cr, In foliis Sawifragae tricuspidatae. E. Cape Rutherford. Diplodia Simmonsii n. sp. Peritheciis minutissimis, dense gregariis, globosis, atris, 0,1--0,2 m. m. crassis, foliicolis, innatis, contextu parenchymatico, fusco, sporulis ob- longis vel ellipsoideis, 1—septatis, fuligineis, 12—19 w 1, 6—9 wu er. In foliis Luzulae arcuatae: E. Fram’s Haven. Stagonospora Caricis (Oup.). Carex nardina: E. Fram’s Fjord. — ©. misandra: E. Havne Fjord, St 1898-1902. No. 9.] FUNGL 9 Stagonospora Eriophori n. sp. Peritheciis sparsis, globulosis, nigris; sporulis exacte cylindraceis, utrinque obtusis, septatis, guttulatis, hyalinis vel subflavidis, 45—52 w 1., 3 «cr. In folus Eriophori polystach. KE. Havne Fjord. Stagonospora Alopecuri n. sp. Peritheciis gregariis, prominentibus, perexiguis, globulosis; sporulis cylindraceo-bacillaribus, utrinque obtusis, 3—septatis, hyalinis vel pallide flaveolis, 25—32 w 1, 5—6 wer. In foliis Alopecuri alpini. E. Fram’s Haven. Septoria cercosperma Rostr. Pedicularis hirsuta et P. flammea: G. Disco. — Ranunculus affinis: E. Havne Fjord. Septoria semilunaris Jou. Eutrema Edwardsii: KE. Havne Fjord. Septoria minuta Karst. Iueula arcuata: E. Fram’s Haven. Septoria Eriophori Ovp. Eriophorum polystachyum: G. Foulke Fjord. Septoria nebulosa Rostr. Poa glauca: E. Gaase Fjord. Septoria punctoidea Karst. Elyna Bellardi and Kobresia caricina: E. Hayne Fjord. Melanconiaceae. Coryneum Cassiopes no. sp. Acervulis sparsis, atris, applanatis, epiphyllis; conidiis clavatis vel pyriformibus, 3—septatis, fuscis, loculo infimo hyalino, 90—21 wl, 7—8 uw cr. In foliis Cassiopes tetragonae. E. Bedford Pim Island. Dematieae. Chromosporium vitellinum Sacc. et ELLIs. On wood. Old dwelling-place, Eskimopolis. Goniosporium puccinoides (K. et S.). Kobresia caricina and K. bipartita: E. Havne Fjord. 10 H. G. SIMMONS. [QND ARC. EXP. FRAM Cladosporium herbarum (Prrs.). Frequent upon many dying plants: Taraxacum hyparcticum, Draba hirta, Stellaria longipes, etc. Cladosporium graminum Cpa. Hierochloa alpina: E. Twin Glacier Valley. — Alopecurus al- pinus: E. Cocked Hat Island. Cladosporium epimyces Cooke. On decayed agarics: E. Eskimopolis. Coniothecium asperulum Dur. et Mont. Potentilla Vahliana: E. Gaase Fjord. — P. emarginata: E. Skrellingo. P. rubricaulis: G. Foulke Fjord. Coniothecium coloratum (PEcK). On the wood of Salix arctica: E. Fram’s Haven. Heterosporium groenlandicum ALLESCHER. Ranunculus affinis: E. Havne Fjord. Stilbeae. Stilbum Simmonsii n. sp. Sparsum, foliicolum, melleum, 1 m. m. altum. Stpitibus fibrosis, glabris, 0,6 m. m. altis, 0,3. crassis, capitulis hemisphericis; conidiis bacillaribus, 2—3 w 1., 0,5 « cr. Hab. in foliis Eriophori polystach. E. Havne Fjord, anchoring-ground. Printed october 1906. REPORT OF THE SECOND NORWEGIAN ARCTIC EXPEDITION IN THE “FRAM” 1898—1902. No. 10. EINAR WAHLGREN: COLLEMBOLA FROM THE 2” FRAM EXPEDITION 1898-1902 AT THE EXPENCE OF THE FRIDTJOF NANSEN FUND FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE PUBLISHED BY VIDENSKABS-SELSKABET 1 KRISTIANIA KRISTIANIA PRINTED BY A. W. BROGGER 1907 Collembola bearbeitet von Einar Wahlgren. ‘Wabrend die altweltliche arktische Collembolenfauna durch mehrere Forschungsreisen verhaltnismassig gut bekannt ist, ist unsere Kenntnis von Collembolen aus dem arktischen (resp. subarktischen) Nordamerika nalirlich sehr beschrankt. Scaort! erwihnt zwei Arten von Orten am Beringsund. Emery? berichtet von einer Isotoma-Art, die auf dem Malaspinagletscher dm Eliasberge lebt. Fousom® beschreibt zehn Arten aus dem Alaska-territorium. Die meisten Collembolenfunde stammen jedoch aus Grénland. Zusammenstellungen der hier gefundenen Arten und der hierauf beziiglichen Litteratur sind im Jahre 1900 von ScuArrer4 und dem Verf.5 gemacht, weshalb ich hier auf eine niihere Besprechung derselben verzichte. Die unten erwahnten Arten stammen aus einer in dieser Hinsicht friher véllig unbekannten Gegend, dem Ellesmere Land, zugleich einem der nordlichsten Gebiete, aus denen Collembolen bekannt sind, und kénnen darum aul tiergeographisches Interesse rechnen. \H. Scuorr. Zur Systematik und Verbreitung paliarctischer Collembola, K. Sv. Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1893. Die Forschungsreise S. K. H. des Prinzen Ludwig Amadeus von Savoyen, Herzog der Abruzzen, nach dem Eliasberge im Alaska. — Leipzig 1900. 3 J. W. Fousom. Papers from the Harrimann Alaska Expedition. XXVI. Aptery- goten. — Proc, Washington Ac. Se. Vol. IV; 1902. 4 C. Scuisrer. Die arktischen und subantarktischen Collembola. — Fauna arctica, Bd. I, Lief. 2; 1900. 5 Fk. Wauteren. Collembola wibrend der schwedischen Grénlandsexpedition 1899 auf Jan Mayen und Ost-Grénland eingesammelt. — (fvers. K. Vet.-Ak. Férh, 1900. w 4 EINAR WAHLGREN [SEC. ARC, EXP. FRAM 1. Achorutes tullbergi Scuirr. var. concolor Carp. Syn. IT Januar 1903 modtog jeg fra Hr. Professor Dr. N. Wie den under den 2den norske Polarexpedition i det arktiske Amerika ind- samlede Mosesamling til Bestemmelse. Expeditionen foregik som bekjendt i Aarene 1898—1902 med Polar- skibet Fram“ under Ledelse af Nordpolsfareren Capt. Orro Sverprup. Moserne er, med faa Undtagelser, alle indsamlede af Expeditionens Botaniker Hr. Dr. Herm. G. Smmmons. Den mig tilsendte Samling var meget stor — 8 store Kasser fulde — med mange Tusinde Mosetuer, fordelte under henved 1700 Nummere. Materialet har ikke veeret let at bearbeide. I de arktiske Egne bliver Mosernes Habitus saa ofte forandret. Det torre Klima har bevirket, at Planternes Fordampningsoverflade er formindsket. Saaledes har de arktiske Moser udpreget Tilboielighed til at danne traadformige Nyskud, og alle Blade er som Regel usedvanlig korte; iseer er Bladpladen ofte yderst reduceret, ifald Skededel og Plade findes. De fleste Arter optraeder i smaa Former, der oftere giver Indtryk af at vere forkroblede Hungerformer. Paafaldende og afvigende fra det seedvanlige er de ofte livlige Farver. Bladenes Cellemembraner er farvede gule, rede, brune eller sortrode til Beskyttelse mod det sterke Lys, Dag og Nat, under den kortvanige Veextperiode. Kun forholdsvis faa Arter setter Frugt, veesentlig kun de akrokarpe Bladmoser, fornemmelig de tvekjonnede Arter af Slegten Bryum. Men Frugterne har saa ofte vist sig at vere beskadigede eller helt afrevne, hvilket muligens kan skyldes den slemme Snespurv (Emberiza nivalis), der ifolge Professor Bercorens Erfaring fra Spitzbergen for en stor Del lever af Mosefrugter. Kun ganske faa Arter optreeder massevis og i rene eller nogenlunde rene Tuer. Nesten udelukkende forekommer der i denne Samling teelte 1 4 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC, EXP. FRAM Blandingstuer, ofte med indtil 20—30 Arter i samme Tue. Forevrigt meget forskjellige Arter har, naar de voxer i samme Tue, Tilboielighed til at antage et saadant Habitus, at de alle ligner hverandre, hvilket ikke formindsker Vanskeligheden ved Bestemmelsen. Jeg har anvendt den Fremgangsmaade, at jeg under hvert Nummer har udvalgt de Tuer, der saa ud til at indeholde de fleste Arter. Disse har jeg saa efter Opblodning sonderplukket og sorteret under sterkt forstorrende Briller. Og saa tilsidst, Alt under Mikroskopet. — Heldigvis har jeg havt 2 udmerkede Medarbeidere, ellers vilde ikke denne Afhandling faaet sin Afslutning i saavidt rimelig Tid. Den bekjendte Specialist i nordiske Hepaticee Hr. B. Kaataas har veret min Medarbeider med Hensyn til denne Gruppe. Vi har confereret angaaende hver enkelt Bestemmelse, og de nye Arter er be- skrevne af os begge i Feellesskab. Den udmerkede Kjender af nordiske Brywmformer Hr. E. Ryan, der desverre er afgaaet ved Doden, lenge for denne Afhandling kunde afsluttes, har veret mig tl uvurderlig stor Hjelp under Bearbeidelsen af denne vanskelige Slegt. Ogsaa vi har confereret angaaende hver enkelt Bestemmelse og Beskrivelse af alle de nye Arter er udarbeidet af os begge i Fellesskab. I det Folgende vil der, efter en meget kort Fremstilling af hver enkelt Lokalitets Moseflora med nogle Bemerkninger om enkelte Arters Forekomst og Udbredelse forovrigt, blive leveret en systematisk Forteg- nelse over alle de iagttagne Arter samt Beskrivelse over de nye Former, ledsaget af nogle faa Afbildninger. Tilsidst folger Fortegnelse over alle de Arter, der er paatrufne under hvert enkelt af Samlingens Nummere. Denne Fortegnelse er neermest tenkt som Veiledning for de Institutioner eller Personer, der muligens bliver tildelt Exemplarer af Samlingens talrige Dubletter, for at man i Tilfeelde kan have nogen Anelse om, hvilke Arter man kan vente at finde under vedkommende Nummer. Selvfolgelig er efter Undersogelsen hele det undersogte Materiale tilbagesendt til Christiania Universitets botaniske Museum. Den vigtigste benyttede Litteratur: S. O. Linpzerc. Forteckning éfver Spetsberg-mossor. Stockholm 1866. Sv. Bereeren. Undersékning af Mossfloraen vid Disko-Bugten etc. Stockholm 1874. Sv. Berccren. Musci et Hepatice Spetsbergenses. Stockholm 1875. Ricu. Spruce. On Cephalozia. Malton 1882. C. Jensen. Mosser fra Novaja-Zemlja. Kjobenhavn 1885. H. Berner. Catalogue des hépatiques de Sud-Oust de la Suisse. Genéve 1888. K. G. Livericut. Die Laubmoose. Leipzig 1890—1904. 1898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 5 V. F. Broruerus. Enumeratio muscorum Caucasi. Helsingfors 1892. Joun Macoun. Catalogue of Canadian plants. Montreal 1892. B. Kaataas. De distributione Hepaticarum in Norvegia. Christiania 1893. - Beitrage zur Lebermoosflora Norwegens. Christiania 1898. Orro Exsram. Beitrége zur Kenntnis der Musci Novaja-Semlja’s. Tromso 1898. C. Jensen. Mosser fra Ostgronland. Kjobenhavn 1898. I. Hacen. Musci Norvegie borealis. Tromso 1898—1899. Livvsere & Arnett. Musci Asie borealis. Stockholm 1899. C. Jensen. Enumeratio Hepaticarum insule Jan Mayen et Groenlandiz suena Stockholm 1900. H. W. Arnett. Beitrége zur Moosflora der ‘Spitsbergischen Inselgruppe. Stockh. 1900. P. Dusty. Beitrége zur Laubmoosflora Ostgrénlands und der Insel Jan Mayen. Stockh. 1901. J. Best. Revision of the North American species of Heterocladium. New-York 1901. E. JApernotm. Beitrige zur Kenntnis der Laubmoosflora Novaja Semlias. Stockh. 1901. E. G. Paris. Index bryologicus. Parisiis & Genéve 1894—1900. A. W. Evans. Notes on the Hepatice collected in Alaska. Washington 1900. — Hepatice collected by William Setchel in Northern Alaska. Washington 1902. Carvot & Tuériotr. The mosses of Alaska. Washington 1902. A. W. Evans. Yukon Hepatice. Ottawa 1902. - Odontoschisma Macounii and its North American allies. Ottawa 1903. W. W. Warts. The proceding of the Linnean Society of New South Wales. Sidney 1902. Emitio Levier. Localité ed altitudini de alcuni Muschi dell’ Imalaia che trovansi pure in Europa. Firenze 1903. C. Warnstorr. Die europiiischen Harpidien. Jena 1903. I. Hacen & M. Porsitp. Descriptions de quelques espéces noavekes de Bryacées, recoltées sur Vile de Disko. Copenhague 1904. Exeter und Prantt. Die natiirlichen Pflanzenfamilien (Archigoniata). Leipzig 1893—1906. V. Scuirrner. Kritische Bemerkungen ete. Prag 1901—1905. Otro Sverprup. Nyt Land. Christiania 1903. Specielt har de dette sidste Verk ledsagende ypperlige Karter veret mig til megen Nytte under Angivelse af Nordgreendser. 6 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM 1 Under Expeditionen anlobes forst Egedesminde og Godhayn i Vest- Grenland, beliggende ved omtrent 69° nordlig Bredde. Under det kortvarige Besog indsamledes her omtrent 40 Arter Moser, blandt hvilke de allerfleste har mindre Interesse, saasom de fra gammel Tid er vel kjendte som arktiske Arter og allerede for samlede i Gronland. Blandt de indsamlede Arter har dog et Par Stykker betydelig Interesse, nemlig Lophozia Baueriana, ny for Jordens vestlige Halvkugle, Cynodontium strumiferum cfr., ny for det arktiske Amerika, og Hypnum pseudo- rufescens, tidligere kjendt kun fra 2—3 Steder i Europa. Det naste Sted, hvor der samledes Moser, var Foulkefjord i Nord- Vest-Gronland, under 78° 20’ nordlig Bredde. Her samledes for forste Gang folgende nye Arter, der senere atter blev indsamlede ogsaa paa andre Steder: Lophozia harpanthoides, Plagiochila arctica, Fissidens arcticus og Polytrichum fragile. Fra Grenland er der endnu ikke, saavidt mig bekjendt, hidtil publi- ceret nogen Liste over Moser, samlede saa langt mod Nord. Jeg anser det derfor af Interesse her at anfore samtlige ved Foulkefjord indsamlede 86 Arter. Hepatice. Clevea hyalina. Sphenolobus minutus. Lophozia quvadriloba. Plagiochila arctica. _ quinqvedentata. Blepharostoma trichophyllum. — Binsteadii. Anthelia Juratzkana. — ventricosa. — julacea. — alpestris. Cephalozia verrucosa. ae harpanthoides. — grimsulana. 1898 — 1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. Musci veri. Hymenostylium curvirostre. Dicranoweisia crispula. Oncophorus Wahlenbergii. aS virens. Dicranum elongatum. Fissidens arcticus. Ceratodon purpureus. Ditrichum flexicaule. Distichium capillaceum. _— Hagenii. Didymodon rubellus. Desmatodon systylius. Tortella tortuosa. Tortula ruralis. Schistidium apocarpum. Rhacomitrium lanuginosum. Orthotrichum Blyttii. Encalypta rhabdocarpa. Leptobryum pyriforme. Plagiobryum demissum. Webera nutans. — cruda. — commutata. Bryum pendulum. — arcticum. -- terrestre. — lapponicum. — salinum. _— oeneum. — cirratum. — nitidulum. — subnitidulum. — teres. — argenteum. — elegans. — Stirtoni. | : | : a a neodamense. obtusifolium. — crispulum. — ventricosum. Mnium medium. Cinclidium subrotundum. Meesea triqvetra. Bartramia ityphylla. Aulacomnium palustre. — turgidum. Philonotis alpicola. Timmia norvegica. — austriaca. Polytrichum juniperinum. = alpinum. = fragile. Myurella julacea. “Ge apiculata. Orthothecium chryseum. — strictum. Brachythecium salebroswm. Camptothecium nitens. Isopterygium pulchellum. Amblystegium filicinum. Campylium stellatum. Hypnum revolvens. — intermedium. _— polycarpon. —_— uncinatum. — brevifolium. — latifolium. — sarmentosum. —_ turgescens. —- polare. — revolutune. Hylocomium proliferum. . 8 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC, EXP. FRAM Saa kom Turen til Ellesmere Land, hvor Expeditionens Deltagere tilbragte den forste Vinter. Med Vinterkvarteret Framshavn som Ud- gangspunkt udfortes der i Hosten 1898 og Sommeren 1899 adskillige botaniske Excursioner, hvorved dette Lands Kyststrekninger og Mer under en nordlig Bredde af 78° 40’—79° sandsynligvis blev nogenlunde grundig undersggte. Her opdagedes folgende nye Arter: den sparsomt forekommende Lophozia violascens, de fleresteds samlede Diplophyllum incurvum og Gymnostomum leeve, de sparsomt forekommende Bryum gemmaceum, Bryum subfoveolatum, Bryum cyclophylloides og Bryum pertenellum samt Orthothecium acuninatum og Hypnum hyperboreum. 1 det Hele hjembragtes fra det aldrig for undersogte Ellesmere Land folgende 211 Arter. Hepatice. Clevea hyalina. Lophozia badensis. m bia Riccardia pingvis. — heterocolpa. Cesia corallioides. — Miilleri. Marsupella arctica. — harpanthoides. Arnellia fennica. Aplozia spherocorpa. Sphenolobus minutus. Plagiochila arctica. —— atrovirens. Blepharostoma setiforme. — pumila. — trichophyllum. — polaris. | Anthelia julacea. Lophozia Baueriana. — Juratzkana. — Floerkei. Odontoschisma Macounizi. — quinqvedentata. Cephalozia pleniceps. es Binsteadii. — bicuspidata. — polita. — media. — quadrtloba. — Bryhnii. — excisa. — verrucosa. = marchica. — grimsulana. _ violascens. Ptilidium ciliare. — murmanica. Diplophyllum incurvum. —_ obtusa. Scapania rosacea. — ventricosa. _ ceequviloba. — _porphyroleuca. — Bartlingii. — alpestris. — undulata. _— Wenzelit. 1898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. Sphagnacee2. Sphagnuin Girgensohnii. Musci veri. Andrecea papillosa. Gymnostomum leve. Hymenostylium curvirostre. Dicranoneisia crispula. Cynodontium schisti. = gracilescens. Dichodontium pellucidum. Oncophorus virens. — Wahlenbergii. Dicranum congestum. — brevifolium. — spadiceum. — elongatum. — sphagni. Fissidens arcticus. — amopar. — osmundioides. Seligeria polaris. Blindia acuta. Ceratodon purpureus. Ditrichum flexicaule. —_ glaucescens. Distichium capillaceum. = Hagenii. = inclinatum. Pottia latifolia. Desmatodon systylius. _— suberectus. — Laurert. Didymodon rubellus. — alpigena. _ rufus. Tortella fragilis. — tortwosa. Tortula mucronifolia. Tortula ruralis. Schistidium apocarpum. _ gracile. — confertum. Grimmia ovata. = elongata. — torqvata. Rhacomitrium brevisetum. = canescens. = lanuginosum. Amphidium lapponicum. Orthotrichum speciosum. _ Killiasii. Encalypta commutata. — rhabdocarpa. _ contorta. — procera. Voitia hyperborea. Tayloria acuminata. Tetraplodon imnioides. — pallidus. Haplodon Wormskjoldit. Splachnum vasculosum. Mielichhoferia Porsildit. Leptobryum pyriforme. Anomobryum concinnatum. Plagiobryum demissum. Webera nutans. — cruda. — commutata. Bryum autumnale. — lacustre. — groenlandicum. -- inclinatum. — minus. 10 N. BRYHN. Brywin genmaceum. — opdalense. — curvatum. — subtumidum. — retusum. — subfoveolatum. — Limprichtii. — calophylluin. — oeneum. — cirratum. — cuspidatuin. — nitidulum. — pertenellum. — teres. — pallescens. — elegans. — Stirtoni. — argenteum. — cyclophylluin. — cyclophylloides. — neodamense. — obtusifolium. — pallens. — langvidun. — ventricosum. — crispulum. — tomentosum. — arcticum. — micans. — pendulum. — Fridtzii. — confluens. _ Mnium orthorrhynchum. — mediuin. — affine. — hymenophylloides. — subglobosum. Cinclidium subrotundum. — polare. — hymenophyllum. Catascopium nigritum. Meesea trichodes. — triqvetra. Aulacomnium turgidum. — palustre. Conostomum boreale. Philonotis alpicola. Timmia austriaca. — norvegica. Psilopilum leevigatum. Polytrichuin alpinum. — fragile. — juniperinum. _ strictum. — hyperboreum. Myurella julacea. — apiculata. Heterocladium Macounii. Orthothectum chryseum. _ intricatum. _ strictum. — binervulum. = acuminatum. Brachythecium salebroswm. Camptothecium nitens. Eurynchium strigosum. Isopterygium pulchellum. Amblystegium Sprucei. = filicinum. Campylium stellatum. — protensum. — polygamum. Hypnum revolvens. — intermedium. _ uncinatum. _ polycarpon. _— hyperboreum. — exannulatum. — tundre. — brevifolium. [2ND ARC, EXP. FRAM 1898 — 1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 11 Hypnum latifolium. Hypnum giganteum. — latinerve. — trifarium. — Bambergeri. — sarmentosum. — Vaucheri. — turgescens. —_ revolutum. — badium. _— hamulosum. | Hylocomium proliferum. = polare. Fra Smiths Sund sattes Kursen sydover mod Jones Sund. Her anlobes forst North Lincoln, hvor der under et kort Ophold i Fram- fjord, beliggende ved omtrent 76° 20’ nordlig Bredde, indsamledes 83 Arter Moser, hvoraf ingen nye. Uagtet der her ikke blev udfort mere end 2 bryologiske Excursioner, og Landet saaledes maa ansees for at vere mindre vel undersggt, vil jeg dog nedenfor anfore samtlige iagttagne Arter, saasom der hidtil ikke findes nogen Moseliste fra North Lincoln. Hepatice. Clevea hyalina. Lophozia harpanthoides. Arnellia fennica. Sphenolobus minutus. Lophozia Baueriana. Plagiochila arctica. = quvinqvedentata. Blepharostoma trichophyllum. = qvadriloba. | Cephalozia verrucosa. = alpestris. = grimsulana. = ventricosa. Diplophyllum incurvum. cae Miilleri. Musci veri. Oncophorus Wahlenbergii. Didymodon rubellus. — virens. _ rufus. Dicranum spadiceum. Tortella tortwosa. — groenlandicum. Tortula ruralis. Fissidens adiantoides. Schistidiwn apocarpum. Ceratodon purpureus. Rhacomitrium lanuginosum. Ditrichum flexicaule. Orthotrichum Killiasii. Distichium capillaceum. Encalypta commutata. — Hagenii. — rhabdocarpa. N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Tetraplodon mnioides. Webera cruda. — nutans. Bryum calophyllum. — oenewn. — elegans. — Stirtoni. teres. — obtusifolium. — cyclophyllum. — neodamense. — crispulum. ventricosum. affine. — orthorrhynchum. Cinclidium polare. — subrotundum. Mnium Catascopium nigritumn. Meesea triqvetra. — _ trichodes. Aulacomnium turgidwum. — acuninatum. Philonotis alpicola. Timmia austriaca. hymenophyllum. Timinia norvegica. — bavarica. Polytrichum alpinum. Myurella apiculata. = julacea. Orthothecium chryseum. — strictum. Brachythecium salebrosum. Camptothecium nitens. Eurynchium strigosum. Amblystegium filicinum. Campylium stellatum. Hypnum revolvens, = imter medium. = uncinatum. — polycarpon. — latifolium. brevifolium. _ tundre. as revolutum. = giganteum. — trifarium. = sarmentosum. _ turgescens. Hylocomium proliferum. Fra North Lincoln fortsattes i Hosten 1899 Reisen langs Jones Sund vestover. Herunder opdagedes Kong Oscars Land, dette store, hidtil ukjendte, ved de mange Fjorde dybt indskaarne Land. Her blev Expeditionens Deltagere paa Grund af Naturforhindringer nedsagede til at overvintre 3 Gange. Under dette lange paatvungne Ophold blev der arbeidet flittig, og der udfortes mange Excursioner. Hver enkelt Fjord blev undersogt mere eller mindre ngiagtig. Resultatet blev ogsaa meget godt, idet der i Aarenes Lob indsamle- des 233 Moser, hvoriblandt 17 for Videnskaben nye Arter, nemlig de merkverdige Scapania Simmonsti og Funaria polaris samt ikke mindre end 15 Arter af Slegten Bryuwm: hyperboreum, laxirete, lili- 1898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 13 putanum, parvum, brachythecium, cancelliforme, corioideum, angusti- dens, semiovatum, Simmonsii, glomeratum, nodosum, densum, penduliforme og teretinerve, de fleste smaa og uanselige. Fra Kong Oscars Lands undersogte Kyststrekning mod Syd, der er beliggende under 76° 20’—76° 50’ nordlig Bredde, findes 1 Sam- lingen ialt folgende Arter. Hepatice2. Clevea hyalina. . Lophozia Miilleri. Grimaldia pilosa. — harpanthoides. Chomocarpon commutatus. — badensis. Marchantia polymorpha. Mesoptychia Sahlbergit. Riccardia pingvis. Sphenolobus minutus. Cesia corallioides. Plagiochila arctica. Marsupella arctica. Blepharostoma trichophyllum. Arnellia fennica. — Anthelia pulacea. Aplozia spherocarpa. — Juratzkana. — atrovirens. Ptilidium ciliare. — polaris. Odontoschisma Macounit. Lophozia qvinqvedentata. Cephalozia pleniceps. _— quadriloba. — biloba. _— excisa. —_ verrucosa. ~ marchica. — grimsulana. _ violascens. Bazzania triangularis. — murmanica. Diplophyllum incurvum. — ventricosa. — gymnostomophilum. —_— Wenzelii. Scapania irrigua. — alpestris. — Simmonsit. Musci veri. Andreea papillosa. Dicranum fuscescens. Gymnostomum rupestre. — congestum. _ leeve. — Bergeri. Hymenostylium curvirostre. — brevifolium. Dicranoweisia crispula. — spadiceum. Dichodontium pellucidum. = elongatum. Oncophorus virens. — sphagni. me Wahlenbergit. —_ groenlandicum. Dicranella heteromalla. Fissidens exiguus. 14 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Fissidens arcticus. © — impar. — adiantoides. Seligeria polaris. Blindia acuta. Ceratodon purpureus. Ditrichum flexicaule. — glaucescens. Distichium capillaceum. — Hagenii. — inclinatum. Pottia latifolia. — Heimii. Didymodon rubellus. — alpigena. — rufus. Desmatodon latifolius. — suberectus. _ systylius. — Laureri. Tortella tortuosa. — fragilis. Aloina rigida. Tortula mucronifolia. — ruralis. — aciphylla. Schistidium apocarpum. — gracile. Grimmia anodon. — ovata. EKhacomitrium canescens. a lanuginosum. Orthotrichum speciosum. — Killiasii. — alpestre. Encalypta commutata. = vulgaris. — rhabdocarpa. = ‘apophysata. pe contorta. Encalypta procera. Voitia hyperborea. Tayloria acuminata. Tetraplodon innioides. — pallidus. Haplodon Wormskjoldit. Funaria polaris. — hygrometrica. Mielichhoferia Porsildit. Leptobryum pyriforme. Webera cruda. — nutans. — commutata. Bryum autumnale. — globoswm. — lacustre. — hyperboreum. — inclinatum. — lacxirete. — terrestre. — minus. — liliputanum. — parvum. — brachythecium. — cancelliforme. — cortioidewin. — angustidens. — semiovatum. — opdalense. — stenodon. — Graefianwn. — Limprichtii. — Simmonsii. — calophyllum. — campylocarpum. — oenewm. — ctirratuin. — glomeratum. — nodosum. — nitidulum. 1898— 1902. No. 11.| BRYOPHYTA. Bryum teres. — densum. — pallescens. — elegans. — Stirtoni. — argenteum. — cyclophyllum. — neodamense. — obtusifolium. — agattuense. — pallens. — ventricosum. — crispulum. — tomentosum. — arcticum. — micans. — pendulum. — Fridtzir. — penduliforme. — compactum. — teretinerve. Mnium orthorrhynchum. — Blyttii. — medium. — affine. — hymenophylloides. — subglobosum. — punctatum. Cinclidium subrotundum. — arclicum. = polare. — hymenophyllum. Catascopium nigritum. Meesea trichodes. — triqvetra. Aulacomnium palustre. —_ acuminatum. — turgidum. Bartramia ityphylla. Plagiopus Oederi. Conostomum boreale. Philonotis alpicola. _ ceespitosa. Timmia austriaca. — norvegica. — bavarica. Psilopilum levigatum. Polytrichum alpinum. — piliferum. = hyperboreunr. = juniperinum. — ‘strictum. Myurella julacea. — apiculata. Leskea nervosa. Thuidium abietinun. Pterygynandrum filiforme. Orthothecium rufescens. — intricatum. —_ strictum. — binervulum. = chryseum. = acuminatum. Brachythecium salebrosum. Camptothecium nitens. Eurynchium strigosum. — diversifolium. _ cirrosum. Isopterygium pulchellum. Amblystegium Sprucet. _ filicinun. Campylium stellatum. oe protensum. = polygamum. Aypnum revolvens. _ intermedium. — Cossoni. = uncinatum. — polycarpon. —_— Berggrent. 15 16 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Hypnum latifolium. Hypnum palustre. — brevifolium. — polare. — tundre. — gigantewm. = revolutune. = sarmentosui, _ Vaucheri. — turgescens. _ hamulosum. Ctenidiuim procerrimum. —_— Bambergeri. Hylocomium proliferum. Fra Kong Oscars Land blev der ogsaa gjort botaniske Excursioner sydover og vestover til de i bryologisk Henseende forhen fuldstandig ukjendte Ger North Devon og North Kent. Ogsaa fra North Devon findes der en for Videnskaben ny Art, Talt blev der paa North Devons Nordkyst, beliggende under omtrent 76° nordlig nemlig den vakre og heist eiendommelige Bryum paganum. Bredde, og fra de 2 nerliggende Smaager, Borgoen og Djevlegen, indsamlet folgende 64 Arter. Hepatice. Marchantia polymorpha. Aplozia atrovirens v. gracilis. Arnellia fennica. Musci veri. Ceratodon purpureus. Haplodon Wormskjoldii. Distichium capillaceum. Splachnuim vasculosum. —_ inclinatum. Mielichhoferia Porsildii. Ditrichum flexicaule. Webera cruda. Pottia Heimii. Bryum pendulum. Didymodon rubellus. — arcticum. Desmatodon latifolius. —- arcuatum. a suberectus. — calophyllum. Tortula mucronifolia. — oeneum. — ruralis. — nitidulum. Schistidium apocarpum. — subnitidulum. Orthotrichum Killiasii. — teres. Encalypta commutata. — argenteuw. = rhabdocarpa. — elegans. _ contorta. — Stirtoni. 1898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. . 17 Bryum paganum. Camptothecium nitens. — neodamense. Isopterygium pulchellum. — ventricosum. Amblystegium Sprucei. Mnium affine. . — filicinum. —- medium. Campylium stellatum. — orthorrhynchum. Hypnum uncinatuin. — subglobosum. _— polycarpon. Philonotis alpicola. — brevifolium. Timmia austriaca. — latifolium. — norvegica. oo tundree. - — bavarica. — Bambergeri. Myurella julacea. — Vaucheri. — apiculata. _ revolutum. Orthothecitum chrysewum. _ turgescens. — strictum. Ctenidium procerrimum. Brachythecium salebrosum. Til Gen North Kent, der ligger udenfor Kong Oscars Lands - Vestkyst, hinsides Helvedesporten, blev der gjort kun en Excursion. Undersogt blev den nordligste Del af Wen, beliggende under omtrent 76° 50’ nordlig Bredde. Herfra er hjembragt folgende 51 Moser, alle samlede oppe paa Plateauet i en Hoide over Havfladen af 300—350 Meter. Hepatice2. Lophozia ventricosa. Lophozia qvadriloba. — alpestris. Plagiochila arctica. — harpanthoides. Diplophyllum incurvum. Musci veri. Gymnostomum loeve. Ditrichum flexicaule. Hymenostylium curvirostre. Didymodon rubellus. Dicranoweisia crispula. — rufus. Dicranum spadiceum. Tortella tortuosa. = sphagni. Tortula ruralis. Ceratodon purpureus. Schistidium apocarpum. Distichium capillaceum. = gracile. — Hagenit. Rhacomitrium canescens. 18 N. BRYHN. [2nD ARC. EXP. FRAM Rhacomitrium lanuginosum. Timmia norvegica. Fncalypta commutata. Polytrichum alpinum. — procera. Myurella apiculata. Webera cruda. Orthothecium chrysewm. — nutans. Brachythecium salebrosum. Bryum obtusifolium. Camptothecium nitens. — pallens. Isopterygium pulchellum. — crispulum. Hypnum revolvens. Cinclidium polare. — intermedium. — subrotundum. —_ uncinatum. Plagiopus Oederi. _— latifolium. Catascopium nigritum. — tundre. Meesea triqvetra. — Vaucheri. Philonotis alpicola. — revolutum. Timmia austriaca. Under hele Expeditionen blev der indsamlet 290 Arter, hvortil kom- mer nogle Former, der af de fleste Forfattere har veret betragtet som Arter, nemlig Lophozia bantryensis, Brachythecium turgidum, Amblystegium curvicaule og Hypnuin orthothecioides, hvilke i denne Athandling bliver opforte som Varieteter. De under Expeditionen paa hver Lokalitet opdagede nye: Arter er tidligere opregnede under Fortegnelse over vedkommende Lokalitets Moser. Hertil kommer en tidligere kjendt, men ikke beskreven ny Art, Lophozia murmanica, samt nogle tidligere som Varieteter beskrevne Former, nemlig Marsupella arctica, Cephalozia verrucosa og Cinclidium polare, hvilke i nerverende Afhandling bliver ophoiede til Arter. Herved bliver Videnskaben beriget med ialt 35 nye Arter. Muligens ber ogsaa en her beskreven Varietel: Bryum nitidulum var. fenestratum helst betragtes som en selvsteendig Art. En Overraskelse var det at paatreffe i Samlingen enkelte Arter, der hidtil har varet betragtede som udpreget eller ialfald forholdsvis sydlige Planter, saaledes f. Ex. Lophozia marchica, Cephalozia biloba, Cynodontium gracilescens, Fissidens exiguus, Aloina rigida, Tayloria acuminata, Heterocladium Macounii og Hypnum pseudorufescens. 1898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 19 I det Hele er et betydelig stort Antal Nordgrendser blevne mere eller mindre langt forrykkede. Med Sikkerhed er folgende Arter nye for Jordens vestlige Halvkugle : Hepatice. Lophozia murinanica. Diplophyllum gymnostomophilum. Cephalozia biloba. Lophozia Baueriana. Musci veri. Rhacomitrium brevisetum. Brywm Graefianum. Bryum autumnale. — campylocarpum. = opdalense. — Fridtzii. — curvatum. — confluens. — subtumidum. Aulacomnium acuminatum. — salinum. Hypnum latinerve. — stenodon. — pseudorufescens. — lapponicuir. 4 1 enhver Henseende er vor Kundskab om Mosernes Forekomst -i arktiske Egne, takket vaere denne Expedition, bleven betydelig udvidet, nesten i samme Forhold, som vor geografiske Viden. . Et Blik paa de foranstaaende Moselister viser, at de samme Navne findes atter og atter. I Virkeligheden er ogsaa disse arktiske Egnes Mosevegetation i store Trek temmelig ensformig og dens Habitus er betinget af forholdsvis faa Arter, der enten optreder i storre samlet Meengde, eller ogsaa findes omtrent overalt, hvor Moser kan voxe. Blandt disse, de mest almindelige Arter, vil jeg neevne folgende, alle med en enkelt Undtagelse (Lophozia harpanthoides) for vel kjendte som Beboere af arktiske Egne: Hepatice&. Lophozia qvinqvedentata. | Sphenolobus minutus. — ventricosa. Blepharostoma trichophyllum. — qvadriloba. Cephalozia verrucosa. — harpanthoides. 20 N. BRYHN. Musci veri. Dicranoweisia crispula. Dicranum spadiceum. — elongatum. Ceratodon purpureus. Ditrichuin flexicaule. Distichium capillaceum. Didymodon rubellus. Tortula ruralis. Schistidium apocarpum. Rhacomitrium lanuginosum. Tetraplodon mnioides. Haplodon Wormskjoldit. Webera cruda. Meesea triqvetra. Aulacomnium turgidum. Philonotis alpicola. Timmia austriaca. Polytrichum alpinum. Myurella julacea. — apiculata. Orthothecium chryseum. Brachythecium salebrosum. Camptothecium nitens. Amblystegium filicinum. Campylium stellatum. Hypnum revolvens. [2ND ARC, EXP. FRAM — nutans. — uncsinatum. Bryum calophyllum. — latifolium. — oeneum. — brevifolium. — elegans. — revolutum. — obtusifoltum. — . Bambergeri. — ventricosum. = sarmentosum. — pendulum. os turgescens. De allerfleste blandt de nyopdagede Arter synes at vere sjeldne. Saavidt man hidtil ved, har kun Lophozia harpanthoides, murmanica og violascens, Plagiochila arctica, Diplophyllum incurvum, Scapania Simmonsti, Gymnostomum leve, Fissidens arcticus, Polytrichum fragile og Orthotheciwm acuminatum en storre Udbredelse. Det er muligt, at flere af de nye Arter ved fornyet Undersogelse vil vise sig at have en stor Udbredelse. Muligt er det ogsaa, at en Flerhed blandt dem ikke saa snart atter bliver gjenfunden. Foruden disse for aldeles ukjendte Arter og dertil nogle nye Varieteter findes der i Samlingen adskillige andre Arter og Varieteter, som er eiendommelige for de rent arktiske Egne, saasom hidtil kun kjendte fra et eller flere rent arktiske Lokaliteter eller, for nogle faa Arters Ved- kommende, fra det nordlige Norge. Blandt disse maa folgende neevnes: 1898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 21 Hepatice. Marsupella arctica. Aplozia polaris. Mesoptychia Sahlbergii. Odontoschisma Macounii. Musci veri. Andreea papillosa. Seligeria polaris. Distichium Hagenii. Rhacomitrium brevisetum. Voitia hyperborea. Funaria hygrometrica var. arctica. Mielichhoferia Porsildii. Bryum globosum. — groenlandicum. — terrestre. — minus. — nitidulum. — teres. Bryum agattuense. — langvidum. — arcuatum. Cinclidium polare. Aulacomnium acuminatum. Timmia austriaca v. arctica. Polytrichum hyperboreum. Brachythecium salebrosum var. arcticum. Hypnum latinerve. — latifolium. — brevifolium. = tundre. — Berggreni. Derimod har de fleste ovrige under disse hoie nordlige Breddegrader paatrufne Moser en mere eller mindre betydelig udstrakt Udbredelse ogsaa under mere sydlige Breddegrader. Herpaa kan anfores nogle Exempler. Blandt de omtalte Hepatic voxer saaledes folgende Arter ogsaa i Nord-Europa, Mellem-Europa og 1 Caucasus: Marchantia polymorpha. Chomocarpon commutatus. Clevea hyalina. Riccardia pingvis. Cesia corallioides. Aplozia spherocarpa. Lophozia Miilleri. — ventricosa. — porphyroleuca. — quinqvedentata. Sphenolobus minutus. Blepharostoma trichophyllum. Ptilidium ciliare. Anthelia julacea. Cephalozia bicuspidata. — media. Bazzania triangularis. Scapania ceqviloba. — undulata. ear irrigua, 92 N. BRYHN. [2nD ARC. EXP. FRAM Samlingens eneste Repreesentant for Gruppen Sphagnacee (Sphagnum Girgensohnii) og henved Halvparten af samtlige Musci veri findes paa dertil egnede Lokaliteter mere eller mindre almindelig udbredt over en stor Del af Jordens nordlige Halvkugle, nemlig fra de egentlige Polar- lande nedover Britisk Nordamerika og de Forenede Stater, hele nordlige Del af Asien og nesten hele Europa. Disse Arter er folgende: Gymnostomum rupestre. Hymenostylium curvirostre. Rhacomitrium canescens. Dicranoweisia crispula. — lanuginosum. Oncophorus virens. Amphidium lapponicum. — Wahlenbergii. Orthotrichum alpestre. Dicranella heteromalla. — speciosum. Dicranum brevifoliwm. Funaria hygrometrica. Grimimia ovata. — elongatun. Eincalypta commutata. _ fuscescens. — vulgaris. _— Bergeri. _ rhabdocarpa. — spadiceum. — contorta. Fissidens adiantoides. — apophysata. — osmundioides. Tetraplodon mnioides. Leptobryum pyriforme. Webera cruda. Blindia acuta. Ceratodon purpureus. Ditrichum flexicaute. — nutans. = glaucescens. — commutata. Distichium capillaceum. Bryum arcticum. — inclinatum. — pendulum. Pattia Heimii. — inclinatum. — latifolia. — lacustre. Desmatodon latifolius. — cirratum. = suberectus. — pallescens. — systylius. — argenteum. Didymodon rubellus. — cyclophyllum. Tortelia fragilis. — pallens. — tortuosa. — ventricosum. Tortula aciphylla. Mnium affine. — ruralis. — medium. — mucronifolia. — orthorrhynchun. Schistidium apocarpum. — punctatum. — gracile. Grimmia anodon. Catascopium nigritum. Meesea triqvetra. 1898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 93 Meesea trichodes. Amblystegium Spruce. Aulacomnium palustre. — filicinum. _— turgidum. Isopterygium pulchellum. Bartramia ityphylla. Campylium polygamum. Plagiopus Oedert. — stellatum. Timmia austriaca. — protensum. — norvegica. Hypnum revolvens. — bavarica. — uncinatum. Polytrichum alpinum. — polycarpon. — juniperinum. — exannulatum. —- strictum. — fiuitans. = piliferum. _ palustre. Myurella apiculata. _— cordifolium. — julacea. < giganteum. Leskea nervosa. — stramineum. Pterygynandrum filiforme. _— trifarium. Thuidium abietinum. — turgescens. Orthothectum chryseum. — sarmentosum. — rufescens. — revolutum. Brachythecium salebrosum. — Vaucheri. Camptothecium nitens. Scorpidium scorpioides. Eurrhynchium strigosum. Hylocomium proliferum. I Caucasus og i Himalaya gjenfindes ikke saa ganske faa Arter, for Exempel folgende: Hymenostylium curvirostre. Oncophorus virens. a Wahlenbergit. Ceratodon purpureus. Distichium capillaceum. — inclinatum. Funaria hygrometrica. Desmatodon latifolius. Didymodon rubellus. Tortella fragilis. — tortwosa. Tortula ruralis. Schistidium apocarpwuim. — gracile. Grimmia ovata. Amphidium lapponicum. Orthotrichum speciosum. Encalypta commutata. _— vulgaris. -- rhabdocarpa. —_ contorta. Leptobryum pyriforme. Webera cruda. — nutans. Bryum pendulum. — ventricosum. — pallescens. — cuspidatum. 24 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Brywm cirratum. — argentewmn. Mnium inedium. — orthorrhynchum. — punctatum. Aulacomnium palustre. Bartramia ityphylla. Plagiopus Oederi. Timmia bavarica. Polytrichum juniperinum. Myurella julacea. Leskea nervosa. Thuidium abietinum. Orthotheciwm intricatum. Brachythecium salebrosum. Eurrhynchium strigosum. Isopterygium pulchellum. Amblystegium filicinum. Campylium protensum. Hypnum uncinatum. —_ exannulatum. — palustre. _ revolutum. — Vaucheri. Ogsaa paa Jordens sydlige Halvkugle gjenfindes enkelte Arter med Voxesteder paa New-Zealand, Tasmania eller i New South Wales. Blandt disse kan anfores folgende Arter: Marchantia polymorpha. Blindia acuta. Ceratodon purpureus. Distichium capillacewm. Didymodon rubellus. Tortula ruralis. Schistidium apocarpum. Rhacomitrium lanuginosum. Funaria hygrometrica. Leptobryum pyriforme. Webera cruda. — nutans. Bryum argenteum. Aulacomnium palustre. Polytrichum alpinum. — juniperinum. — strictum. = piliferum. Amblystegium filicinum. Campylium polygamum. Hypnum uncinatum. — fluitans. — sarmentosum. 1898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 25 IL. Systematisk Fortegnelse. A. Hepatice. Marchantioidesx. 1. Clevea hyalina (Sommerr.) Linps. Forekommer meget sparsomt, oftest kun i en sleril Thallusgren blandt andre Moser, oftest Didymodon rubellus, Ditrichum flexicaule, Timmia norvegica, Distichium capillaceum, Hymenostylium curvirostre og Orthothecium chryseum. Arten er paavist fra fulgende Voxesteder. North Lincoln: Fram- fjord; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord (c. fr.) og Gaasefjord; N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Bedford Pim Is], samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen. 2. Grimaldia pilosa (Hornem.) Linps. Meget sjelden paa fugtig Jord. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord i Selskab med Distichium capillaceum og Dichodontium pellucidum, samt ved Gaasefjord i Selskab med Aplozia polaris, Voitia hyperborea og Hypnum tundree. Paa hegge Steder samlet meget sparsomt og kun paa forstnevnte Sted med Frugt. 3. Chomocarpon commutatus (Corpa) Lips. Samlet kun paa et eneste Sted: Havnefjord i Kong Oscars Land, hvor den er samlet i forholdsvis righoldige, omend smaa og forkroblede Exemplarer, dog med Frugt. Den fandtes her i Selskab med Encalypta commutata, Bryum pallens, Orthothecium chryseum og Hypnum brevifolium. 4. Marchantia polymorpha L. Denne Art er bemerket kun i den vestlige Del af det undersegte Landomraade, nemlig paa folgende Steder: Kong Oscars Land: 26 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Gaasefjord, hvor Planten flere Gange er samlet ined Frugt (Frugtskafterne kun 1 cm. lange); North Devon og de 2 nerliggende Smaager Borg- een og Djevlegen, fra hvilke 2 Ger ingen anden Levermose hidtil er kjendt. : Alle disse 4 til Marchantioidew henhgrende Arter er tidligere samle i arktiske Egne, og samtlige har Nordgreendse over Spitzbergen, hvor ialfald Grimaldia synes at vere meget sjelden. Metzgerioidee. 5. Riccardia pingvis (L.) B. Gr. Synes ligesaa lidt her, som i andre arktiske Egne, at vere almindelig forekommende; ialfald findes den kun fra folgende 3 Steder: Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord og Gaasefjord; Ellesmere Land: Lastrea- dalen (97), overalt uden Frugt og overalt blandet med mange. andre Sumpmoser, specielt Hypnum revolvens, Orthothecium chryseum og Marsupella arctica. Nordgreendse over Spitzbergen. Epigonianthee. 6. Cesia corallioides (Nees) CaRRuTH. Kan neppe vere almindelig, saasom den er hjemfort meget sparsomt og kun fra folgende 2 Voxesteder: Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord, hvor den er samlet blandt Andreea papillosa; Ellesmere Land: Glacier Valley, hvor den er funden blandt Sphenolobus minutus. Arlen har Nordgreendse over Spitzbergen, hvor den heller ikke synes at forekomme 1 Mengde. 7. Marsupella arctica (Beracr.) Bryan & Kaauaas sp. n. (Sarco- scyphus emarginatus (Euru.) Hart. v. arcticus Bercer. Dioica, atro-fusca, sicea subnigra, sine nitore, elongata gracilisqve, valde regulariter et subdissite biseriato-foliata, qvoad habitum inter Cesiam alpinam vel revolutam et Marsupellam Jgrgensenii ludens, caspites densos ad 10 cm. usqve altos formans. Caulis tenuis, e rhizomate ramoso ascendens, parte superiore erectus, sat rigidus, siccus fragilis, ad 0,3 mm. crassus, inferne -flavo-fuscus, superne fuscus vel atro-fuscus, eradiculosus, stolones numerosos, rubro- tomescentes e lateribus emittens et ramos complures longos, sepe laxe- foliatos, ex axillis foliorum proferens. 1898—1902. No. 41.] BRYOPHYTA. 97 Folia exacte disticha, inferiora minora et sqvameeformia, cetera valde regularia et eqvimagna, 0.8—1 mm. longa et lata, crassa et rigida, sub lente fusca vel fusco-purpurea, distantia, haud attingentia, haud decur- rentia, fere horizontaliter vel sub angulum supra 60° patentia, orbicularia vel transverse ovalia, concavissima, ut fere semiglobosa, apice rotundato vix vel brevissime emarginata, lobis rotundatis, margine haud scarioso leniter inflexa. Cellule foliorum basilares medie majores, elongato-rectangule, ad 0.03 mm. usqve longe, marginem versus gradatim minores, 0.017—0.022 mm. longe, rotundato-hexagone, marginales in una serie qvadrate, sepe intentius colorate, 0.01—0.012 mm. solum long lateqve, omnes valde collenchymaticee, trigonis conspicuis pulchre rubris, parce chlorophyllifere, cuticula leniter verrucosa. Perianthia apicalia, innovatione una seepe suffulta ideoque in caulibus vetustioribus compluria seriata, gemmas ovales formantia. Bractee foliis majores latioresqve seepe apice solum retuse. Perianthium (juvenile) bracteis brevius, intimis spatio brevi concretum, subtentoriforme, ore truncato integro vel crenulato, e cellulis elongatis, tenuibus, constructum. In perichetio uno radicellos purpureos e pagina bractei exeuntes obser- vavimus. Archegonia pauca. Cetera ignata. Denne Plante blev af Prof. Berccren henfort som Varietet under Marsupella emarginata (Euru.) Dum., men er sikkert paa Grund af Habitus og de eiendommelige Blade en fra Marsupella emarginata forskjellig udmerket god Art. Den er indsamlet dels i rene Tuer, dels blandet med andre Sump- eller Vandmoser, saasom Scapania undulata, Anthelia Juratzkana, Cephalozia grimsulana, Riccardia pingvis, Blindia acuta, Hypnum trifarium, Hypnum sarmentosum og Hypnum badium. Efter de indsamlede Exemplarer at domme, synes den at forekomme rigelig, dog nesten udelukkende i den nordligste Del af det undersogte Landomraade, nemlig i Ellesmere Land, hvor den er samlet ved Cape Rutherford, ved Cape Viole og i Lastreadalen. Fra Gaasefjord i Kong Oscars Land kun nogle faa Individer blandt Scapania Simmonsii. ; Arten er tidligere kjendt saavel fra Gronland som fra Spitz- bergen. . 8. Arnellia fennica (Gortscue) Linps. Ikke sjelden paa sumpig Jord, Excrementer eller Dyrelevninger, sparsomt indspreengt blandt andre Moser, oftest Distichium capillaceum, 28 N. BRYHN. [2D ARC. EXP. FRAM Ditrichum flexicaule, Orthothecium chryseum, Encalypta rhabdocarpa eller en eller anden Art Mnium eller Bryum eller Cinclidium. Exemplarer findes fra folgende Voxesteder: North Devon: Hav- hestberget; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Moskusfjord, Gaasefjord, Excrementbugten og Landsend; North Lincoln: Framfjord; Ellesmere Land: Bedford Pim Isl. samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen (79° n. Br.). De fleste Former er kraftige og vel udviklede, hyppig, som saa mange Hepaticee i denne Samling, med meget forleengede og temmelig fjerntbladede Stilke. Exemplarerne er som Regel fuldstendig sterile, kun fra Gaasefjord findes Hunplanter. Arten er tidligere kjendt ogsaa fra flere andre arktiske Egne, specielt Sibirien, samt fra Italien og har sin Nordgrandse over Spitz- bergen, hvor den vistnok forekommer meget sparsomt. 9. Aplozia pumila (Witu.) Dum. Meget sjelden og med Sikkerhed paavist kun fra et eneste Sted paa Ellesmere Land, nemlig Framshavn under 78° 45’ nordlig Bredde, hvor den fandtes med Perianthier, men sparsomt indblandet mellem Aplozia polaris, Diplophyllum incurvum, Ceratodon purpureus, Bryum lacustre og Orthothecium strictum. 10. Aplozia atrovirens (Scuueicu.) Dum. Sikre Exemplarer findes fra et Par Steder i Kong Oscars Land: Sydkapfjord og Gaasefjord under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde, hvor Planten er samlet med Perianthier, dels i mere ublandede smaa Tuer, dels meget sparsomt indblandet blandt Tuer af Bryum minus, Bryum elegans, Myurella julacea og Orthothecium strictum. Var. gracilis Bryan & Kaataas var. nov. Differt a forma typica gracilitate, colore flavo-viridi et foliis dissitis fere orbicularibus. Denne nye Varietet synes i disse hoinordiske Egne at forekomme mere hyppig, end Hovedarten. Den er paavist fra folgende Steder. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord og Landsend; Ellesmere Land: Beitstadfjorden samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen under 79° nordlig Bredde. Planten forekommer som Regel sparsomt indsprengt i Tuer af andre Moser, oftest Tetraplodon mnioides, Voitia hyperborea, Enca- lypta commutata, Timmia norvegica og Myurella apiculata. Ex- emplarer med vel udviklet Frugt kun fra det sidst naevnte Voxested. 1898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 99 Saavel Aplozia pumila som Aplozia atrovirens har deres tidligere kjendte Nordgraendse ved 70—71° paa Gronlands Ostkyst. 11. Aplozia polaris (Liyps.). Synes at vare mere almindelig udbredt, end de ovrige Arter inden Slegten. Den: er nemlig paavist fra folgende Steder. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Sydkapfjord (<7), Gaasefjord (c. perianth.) og Isachsens Fjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn (c. fr.), Cape Rutherford, Glacier Valley og Beitstadfjorden. Den er imidlertid paa de fleste Steder samlet yderst sparsomt og indspreengt 1 Tuer af andre Moser, fornemmelig Blepharostoma tricho- phyllum, Cephalozia grimsulana og verrucosa, Odontoschisma Ma- counii, Blindia acuta, Ditrichum flewicaule, Tortella tortuosa, Philo- notis alpicola, Orthothecium strictum og chryseum samt forskjellige Arter af Slegten Brywm. Med den dioike Blomsterstand slutter denne Art sig ngie til fore- gaaende Art, iser dennes Varietet gracilis. Den er forskjellig ved de tetbladede Stilke og de nesten cirkelrunde Blade, der langs Randen er kantede med en Rad rectangulere Celler. Alle Bladceller er noget fortykkede, og der findes tydelige Trigoner i Cellehjornerne, hvad der ikke er Tilfeeldet med hverken Aplozia atro- virens eller Aplozia pumila. Ogsaa Perianthiet har en forskjellig Form, idet det er kolleformigt. Arten er tidligere kjendt kun fra Gronland og Spitzbergen. 12. Aplozia spherocarpa (Hoox.) Dum. var. lurida (Dum). Sikre Exemplarer findes kun fra et eneste Voxested, nemlig Gaase- fjord i Kong Oscars Land under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde. Sandsynligvis horer ogsaa Exemplarer fra Lastreeadalen og Cape Rutherford i Ellesmere Land (78° 50’ n. B.) herhen; men kun Ex- emplarer fra forstneevnte Sted er forsynede med Perianthier. Planten voxer her i Selskab med Cephalozia verrucosa, Aulacomnium turgidum, Campylium stellatum og andre Sumpmoser. Arlens tidligere kjendte Nordgreendse var ved 70—71° paa Gron- lands Ostkyst og i Finmarken. 13. Lophozia Miilleri (Nees) Dum. Exemplarer findes fra folgende Steder: North Lincoln: Framfjord; Kong Oscars Land: Renbugten og Gaasefjord; Ellesmere Land: Cape Viole (c. fr.), Glacier Valley, mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola- Paulsen (c. per.) samt ved Beitstadfjorden. 30 N. BRYHN. [2D ARC. EXP. FRAM Denne Plante kan neevnes som et Exempel, blandt de mange, paa, hvordan Mosearterne i de arktiske Lande formaar at adaptere sig efter Omgivelserne. Den er nemlig observeret i Selskab saavel med ud- preegede Sump- eller Vandplanter, f. Ex. Scorpidium scorpioides, Hypnum turgescens og latifolium, Catascopium nigritum, Meesea triqvetra og Cephalozia grimsulana, som med Arter, der i Alminde- lighed voxer paa torre Steder, f. Ex. Arnellia fennica, Hymenostylium curvirostre, forskjellige Arter af Slegten Encatypta samt Hypnum Vaucheri. Endvidere: er den ogsaa observeret i Selskab med kalkfiendtlige Moser, f. Ex. Rhacomitrium lanuginosum og Campylium stellatum, uagtet den selv er en Kalkplante, der i Almindelighed er samlet i Sel- skab med Arter, der foretreekker Kalk, blandt hvilke kan anfores, for- uden de fleste blandt de ovenfor navnte, Distichium capillaceum, Myurella julacea og Amblystegium Sprucet. Var. bantryensis (Hoox.) Kaau. Findes kun fra et eneste Voxested, nemlig Havnefjord i Kong Oscars Land, hvor den er samlet i vel udviklede og karakteristiske Exemplarer sammen med Blepharostoma trichophyllum, Ditrichum flecicaule og Orthothecium chryseum. Lophozia Miilleri er tidligere samlet ogsaa i andre arktiske Egne: Finmarken, Jan Mayen, Gronland og Spitzbergen. 14. Lophozia heterocolpa (Tuev.) Howe. Exemplarer findes fra folgende Steder. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Moskusfjord og Gaasefjord (c. per.); Ellesmere Land: Lastreadalen, Cape Viole, Bedford Pim Isl., mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen samt ved Beitstadfjorden under 79° nordlig Bredde. Denne Art synes altsaa at vere omtrent lige udbredt som Lophozia Miilleri, og den forekommer oftest paa samme Maade indsprengt 1 enkelte Individer blandt Tuer af andre Moser, oftest Blepharostoma trichophyllum, Cephalozia verrucosa, Lophozia harpanthoides, Disti- chium capillaceum, Ditrichum flexicaule, Cinclidium subrotundum og Orthothecium chryseum. Disse arktiske Exemplarer adskiller sig fra europeiske Former der- ved, at de kun undtagelsesvis har de hos disse saa almindelige forleengede Endeskud med smaa treradede Blade, der beerer Hobe af Gonidier, og derfor er ganske meget forandrede i Form og Storrelse. Derimod findes 1898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 31 meget almindelig Gonidier paa Spidserne af Plantens almindelige Blade, der ikke er synderlig forandrede i Udseende paa Grund heraf. Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgreendse ved 70—71° i Sibirien, Finmarken og Ostgronland. 15. Lophozia harpanthoides Bryan & Kaataas sp. nov. Flavo-viridis, fusco-viridis vel fuscescens, gregata vel surculis singulis inter alios muscos sparsis solitaria. ; Caulis 10—20 mm., rarius ad 30 mm., altus, flavo-viridis vel fuscescens, sat rigidus, flexuosus, radicellis densis hyalinis vel leniter flavescentibus radicellosus, simplex vel ramum unum alterumve longum emittens, sectione transversa ovalis [e dorso ad ventrem compressus], diametro usqve ad 0.28 mm. metiens, cellulas corticales unistratas, fuscescenti-incrassatas, exhibens. Folia vulgo dense conferta, rarius magis distantia, inferioribus ex- ceptis eqvimagna, obliqve affixa, haud decurrentia, erecto-patentia, ad anticum valde vergentia, ovato-qvadrata vel rotundato-qvadrata, profunde concava, margine ventrali magis qvam dorsali curvato, usqve ad 1 mm. longa et 0.8 mm. lata, ad sextam—qvartam incisa. Incisura foliorum, nunqgvam gibba, varia, vulgo rolundato-semilunaris, ut in foliis Har- panthi Flotowii (unde nomen specificum), nonnumqvam latior et brevior, qvam semilunaris, rarissime in folio uno alterove acuta. Lobi foliorum ambo pro more parvi, obtusi vel rotundati, incurvi et conniventes, rarius (preecipue in foliis inferioribus), acutiores. Cellule foliorum omnes rotundato-multangule, e medio ad marginem paullum decrescentes, 0.024—0.015 mm. magne, valde flavido — vel fuscescenti-incrassate, trigonis maxime conspicuis, lumine spe satis distincte stellariformi, corpora ethereo-oleosa, exinde mire magna, in- cludentes. Foliola ubiqve pesentia, aut integra, subulato-lanceolata, dentibus duobus e basi egressis munita, aut bipartita, semper erecto-adpressa, apice incurvo, e serie una cellularum formato. Gonidia rara, in apicibus foliorum posita, subreniformia, purpurea. Cetera ignota. . Hee species nova Lophoziw heterocolpe certe affinis; distincte diversa tamen videtur preesertim forma et magnitudine incisure foliorum, cellulis minoribus multo magis incrassatis et formatione gonidiorum. Denne Art forekommer omtrent paa samme Maade, som de to fore- gaaende Arter, nemlig som Regel indspreengt i Tuer af andre Moser, hovedsagelig saadanne, der foretreekker kalkholdigt Underlag; men den 32 N. BRYHN. [QND ARC. EXP. FRAM er uden nogen Sammenligning mere almindelig udbredt og forekommer meget mindre sparsomt, end disse og den folgende beslegtede Art. Overgangsformer mellem denne og de beslegtede Arter er ikke iagttagne. Exemplarer findes fra folgende Steder: North Lincoln: Framfjord . under 76° 20’ nordlig Bredde; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Gaasefjord, Renbugten, Excrementbugten og Landsend; North Kent (350 M. o. H.); N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Glacier Valley, Lastreadalen, Bedford Pim Isl., Skreelling- ven og Cape Rutherford under 78° 50’ nordlig Bredde. 16. Lophozia badensis (GottscHE) SCcHIFEN. Denne er i disse arktiske Egne betydelig mere sjelden, end de foran omtalte beslegtede Arter. Den findes kun fra et Par Steder, nemlig Havnefjord og Gaasetjord 1 Kong Oscars Land og fra Framshavn i Ellesmere Land under 78° 45’ nordlig Bredde. ; Ogsaa denne Art findes i denne Samling som Regel spredt blandt andre Moser og overalt uden Frugt. Den tidligere kjendte Nordgreendse var ved omtrent 70° i Finmarken og Sibirien. 17. Lophozia obtusa (Linps.) Evans. Meget sjelden. Sikre Exemplarer findes kun fra Lastreadalen i Ellesmere Land under 78° 45’ nordlig Bredde, hvor den er observeret krybende over Dicranum spadiceum og Philonotis alpicola, blandet med Lophozia ventricosa, qvinqvedentata og polita, Odontoschisma Macounii og Cephalozia media. Planterne er mere spade og fjerntbladede, end europaiske Ex- emplarer af Arten, forovrigt fuldstendig overensstemmende. Arten var i Amerika for kjendt kun fra Alaska og dens tidligere kjendte Nordgrendse var ved 70°, i Finmarken. 18. Lophozia ventricosa (Dicks.) Dum. Denne Art horer blandt de mest almindelige Moser i disse Egne. Den er under mange forskjellige Former indsamlet i mere eller mindre talrige Exemplarer fra de fleste undersogte Voxesteder. Som Regel forekommer den indspreengt i Mosetuer enkeltvis eller i smaa Klynger paa nogle faa Individer; kun undtagelsesvis forekommer den mere rigelig. De fleste Former er sterile, spade og forkroblede, med smaa og spredtstillede Blade. Frugtbaerende Exemplarer kun fra Cape Viole i Ellesmere Land (78° 40’ n. Br.). Derimod er Planten nesten altid rigehg forsynet med Gonidier. Arten har sin Nordgreendse over Spitzbergen. 1898— 1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 33 19. Lophozia porphyroleuca (Ness). Meget sjelden og kun fra 2 Steder i Ellesmere Land: Skrel- lingsen, hvor den voxer meget sparsomt blandt Dicranum elongatum, endvidere fra Eskimopolis, hvor den er samlet i rigelige, vel udviklede, dog sterile, Exemplarer i Selskab med Dicranuwm spadiceum, Polytri- chum strictum og alpinum samt Cephalozia grimsulana. Begge Steder ligger under 78° 50’ nordlig Bredde. Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgreendse var ved 70—71° i Sibirien, Gronland og Finmarken. 20. Lophozia alpestris (Scuueticu.) Evans. Forekommer paa samme Maade, som Lophozia ventricosa, og lige- som denne oftest 1 tynde og slappe Former med smaa og spredtstillede Blade, som Regel fuldstendig sterile, men med en rigelig Mengde Gonidier. Arten er mindre almindelig, end Lophozia ventricosa. Exemplarer, der maa henfores hertil, findes fra folgende Steder. North Lincoln: Framfjord; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Gaasefjord og Renbugten; North Kent (350 M. o. H.); N. V. Gron- land: Foulkefjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Cape Viole (c. fr.), Cape Rutherford, Bedford Pim Isl. og Skrellingoen samt mellem Ft. Ju- liane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen. Nordgreendse over Spitsbergen. 91. Lophozia Wenzelii (Nees) STEPHANI. Ogsaa denne Art forekommer som Regel sparsomt indsprengt 1 Mosetuer, bestaaende af den mest forvirrede Blanding af Sumpmoser. Exemplarer findes i Samlingen fra Havnefjord og Gaasefjord i Kong Oscars Land og fra folgende Steder 1 Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Bedford Pim Isl. og Eskimopolis. Blandt disse er kun Exemplarer fra Havnefjord og Eskimopolis — fuldt lig europeiske Former, de ovrige er smaa, spede og giver Indtryk af at vere forkroblede. Arten er, foruden i flere andre arktiske Lande, ogsaa paavist fra Spitsbergen, hvor den har sin Nordgreendse. Blandt de indsamlede Exemplarer af disse 4 sidst omtalte neer be- slegtede Arter, Lophozia ventricosa, porphyroleuca, alpestris og Wenzelii, findes der ganske vist typiske Exemplarer, eller ialfald lig- nende de fra Europa beskrevne Former i saa hoi Grad, at der ikke kan vere Tvivl om, hvor de skal fores hen. 3 oO N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM. Men der findes ogsaa meget talrige Overgangsformer, der ikke med absolut Sikkerhed kan bestemmes. 22. Lophozia murmanica Kaa.aas sp. nov. Ceespitosa, ceespitibus laxis, mollibus spongiosisve, pallide viridis vel olivacea, 2—3 cm. longa et cum foliis 1.6 mm. lata. Caulis tenuis, 0.3 mm. crassus, pallide flavo-viridis, partibus vetus- tioribus subfusco-flavidis, postice concolor, rarius leniter purpurascens, parum flexuosus, parte superiore adscendens, subtus tota longitudine parum hyalino-radicellosus, ramosus, ramis sepe fasciculatis, sectione transversa ellipticus, postice (subtus) subplanus cellulis superficialibus circiter 10, antice rotundatus, cellulas superficiales 14, vel plures, osten- dens, cellulis totius caulis 0.02—0.0835 mm. latis, omnibus hyalinis, exceptis superficialibus posticis interdum exigue incrassatis et purpuras- centibus. Folia magis minusve dissita, inferiora paullum confertiora, pallide viridia, translucentia, laxa tenuiaqve, obliqve, fere longitudinaliter affixa, ad anticum parum vergentia, rotundato-qvadrata, latiora qvam longiora, ad basin distincte angustiora, sed haud cuneata, usqve ad 0.77 mm. longa et 0.8 mm. lata, concava, antice pro more vix decurrentia, folio uno alterove autem longe angustissimeqve decurrenti inqve ala extrema dentem longum paraphylloideum gerenti, apice vulgo bifida, seepe autem trifida vel rarissime qvadrifida. Incisura foliorum variabilis, ut plurimum brevis, lata et rotundata, rarius ad partem folii tertiam extensa ideoqve acutior et angustior. Lobi foliorum ut plurimum brevi et obtusiusculi, interdum acutiores vel apiculati, vulgo ineeqvales, lobo postico majore magisqve obtuso, subincurvi. Margines foliorum, et posticus et anticus, dente uno alterove, pra- sertim ad basin, saepe muniti. Folia trifida vulgo profundius secta, incisuris acutis lobisqve acutioribus. Foliola satis crebra, preeprimis in parte caulis superiore, magnitudine formaqve variabilia, subulata vel lanceolata, integra. Cellule foliorum basilares elongato-rectangule, usqve ad 0.035 mm. longee, mediz rotundato-qvadrate vel rotundato-multangule, circiter 0.028 mm. longe lateeqve, margtnales minores (0.02 mm.), omnes translucen- tes et parce chlorophyllifere, parum et conformiter incrassate, trigonis vix conspicuis, cuticula levissima. Cetera desunt. 1898— 1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 35 Species certe Lophozie Wenzelii affinis et forsan ejus varietas; diversa tamen videtur preesertim foliis sepe trifidis et denticulatis, nec non foliolorum preesentia. Specimina originalia ad Litsam, Lapponize murmanice, a claris- simo Brotuero mense Augusto anni 1887 lecta et ab eo missa, jam anno 1888 Kaataas denominavit, sed adhuc descriptionem haud publi- cavit. Denne nye forhen ikke publicerede Art findes i Samlingen kun fra 2 Steder, nemlig fra Gaasefjord i Kong Oscars Land, hvor Planten er indsamlet yderst sparsomt i nogle faa Individer, indsprengt i Tuer af Lophozia harpanthoides, Amblystegium Sprucei, Mniwm orthorrhynchum, Brachythecium salebrosum v. arcticum og Tortula ruralis. Det andet Voxested er Cape Rutherford i Ellesmere Land under 78° 50‘ nordlig Bredde, hvor Planten ogsaa er samlet sparsomt, dels krybende over Aulacomnium turgidum, dels indspreengt i Tuer, bestaaende af Webera cruda, Bryum arcticum, Distichiwm Hagenii og Brachythecium salebrosum v. arcticum. Exemplarer fra Cape Rutherford er mere forlangede og mere fjernt- bladede, end Originalexemplarer fra Litsa, men de har den samme bleg- gronne Farve, den samme Bladform og samme Celleveev. Exemplarer fra Gaasefjord har meget ofte trefligede Blade og samtidig noget storre Bladceller. Det ovenfor nevnte Sted Litsa paa Murmankysten er beliggende under 68° 40’ nordlig Bredde. Denne nye Arts Nordgrendse bliver alt- saa strax betydelig forrykket. 23. Lophozia excisa (Dicks.) Dum. Forekommer meget sjelden, undertiden i smaa rene Tuer, oftest sparsomt indspreengt. Sikre Exemplarer findes fra folgende 2 Steder i Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, hvor Planten er samlet, rigt forsynet med Perian- thier i Selskab med Cephalozia verrucosa, Tortula ruralis og Camp- tothecium nitens samt Hypnum revolutum og uncinatum var. ortho- thecioides; og fra Gaasefjord under 76° 45’ nordlig Bredde i 850 Meters Hoide over Havet, i Selskab med Distichium capillaceum, Tortula ruralis, Webera cruda, Bartramia ityphylla og Hypnum revolutum. Paa dette sidstneevnte Sted er Planten samlet med vel udviklet Frugt. Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgrendse var 70° 10’ ved Tolstoinos 1 Sibirien. 36 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM 24. Lophozita marchica (NrEkEs) STEPH. Meget sjelden og kun i enkelte sterile Individer indspraengt i tette Tuer af andre Sumpmoser. De iagttagne Exemplarer er muligens noget mindre frodige, end europeiske, men forresten meget vel stemmende med Artens typiske Form. Exemplarer findes fra Gaasefjord i Kong Oscars Land og fra Beitstadfjorden 1 Ellesmere Land under 79° nordlig Bredde. Paa det forstnevnte Sted er den samlet i Selskab med Cinclidium hymenophyllum og arcticum, Timmia austriaca f. arctica, Orthothe- cium chryseum, Camptothecium nitens og Hypnum intermedium. Paa det andet Sted fandtes den i tatte Tuer, bestaaende af Aplozia polaris, Diplophyllum incurvum, Didymodon alpigena og rubellus, Bryum calophyllum og pendulum, Cinclidium subrotundum, Meesea triqvetra, Philonotis alpicola, Orthothecium strictum, Hypnum brevi- folium, Scorpidium scorpioides og flere andre. Denne sjeldne Art er ny for de arktiske Lande. Tidligere er den neppe samlet nordenfor Jemtland i Sverige under omtrent 63° nordlig Bredde. 25. Lophozia violascens Bryun & Kaataas sp. nov. Plante steriles inter alios muscos sparse vel cespites parvos, intri- catos, subfusco-purpureos vel violascentes, superne albido-virides, for- mantes, crasse filiformes, simplices, 1—1.5 cm. alte. Caulis erectus, pro ratione crassus et carnosus, sed tenax, inferne subfusco-purpureus, superne violascens vel interdum albido-viridis, subtus tota longitudine dense radicellosus, radicellis hyalinis, 0.2—0.4 mm. crassus, e cellulis tenuimembranaceis ad 0.028 mm, latis et usqve ad 0.07—0.1 mm. longis edificatus. Folia inferiora sat dissita, parva, diametrum caulis vix superantia, apicibus seepe purpureo-tinctis, superiora minus remota, sensim majora, violascentia, apicalia confertiora, eqvimagna, vulgo albido-viridia, omnia fere transverse affixa, erecto-patentia vel leniter appressa, ad anticum paullo vergentia, tenuia et translucentia, concava, qvadrata vel rotundato- qvadrata, infimis exceptis vulgo 0.6 mm. longa, marginibus integerrimis vel in follis summis hice illic erosis, apice truncata vel breviter emargi- nata, incisura perlata et rotundata, nonnunqvam tamen angustiore et profundiore, lobis foliorum ambobus brevibus et obtusis, haud raro ine- qvalibus, rarissime uno alterove acutato. Cellule foliares rectangule—multangule, 0.03—0.035 mm. magne, translucentes, fere omnino echlorophylliferee, tenuimembranacee, trigonis 1898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 37 vix conspicuis, cuticula foliorum juniorum levissima, vetustiorum leniter striata. Foliola pro more nulla, interdum in summis apicibus obvia, parva, subulata. Gonidia rara, magna, ovata, violascentia, e marginibus foliorum erosis egressa. Perfecte sterilis solum lecta. Denne nye Art har et ganske eiendommeligt Udseende, og den synes ved Farve, Bladform og Celleveev at vere skarpt adskildt fra alle andre hidtil kjendte Arter inden Slegten. Muligens er den nermest beslegtet med Lophozia grandiretis (Linps.), om hvilken den minder, specielt med Hensyn til Cellevev. Planten er paavist meget sparsomt og kun fra 2 Steder, nemlig Havnefjord i Kong Oscars Land under 76° 30’ nerdlig Bredde og Bedford Pim Isl. i (eller ved) Ellesmere Land under 78° 40’ nordlig Bredde. Ved Havnefjord er den samlet i Selskab med Lophozia ventricosa, Cephalozia verrucosa, Bazzania triangularis, Ditrichum flexicaule, Cinclidium polare, Orthotheciwm chryseum og Hypnum Bambergeri. Paa Bedford Pim Isl. fandtes den sammen med Lophozia alpestris, harpanthoides og qvadriloba, Blepharostoma trichophyllum, Anthelia julacea, Cephalozia verrucosa, Myurella julacea og Orthothecium chryseum. 26. Lophozia Baueriana ScuirrNER. Af denne Art er kun ganske faa sterile Exemplarer plukket ud af Tuer, bestaaende af en Mangfoldighed af Sumpmoser. Exemplarer, samtlige fuldsteendig lig europeiske, findes fra Ve st-Gronland: Egedes- minde; North Lincoln: Framfjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn og Glacier Valley under 78° 45’ nordlig Bredde. Arten er ny for Amerika og tidligere neppe samlet nordenfor Sarjek i svensk Lappland under omtrent 67° 20’ nordlig Bredde. 27. Lophozia qvinqvedentata (Hups.) Coan. Denne Art er ved Siden af Lophozia ventricosa, Blepharostoma trichophyllum og Cephalozia verrucosa den mest almindelige Lever- mose i disse Egne. Fra de fleste undersogte Steder er hjembragt mere eller. mindre talrige Exemplarer. Dog forekommer den sjelden i rene Tuer, neesten udelukkende i Blandingstuer. Exemplarer med Perianthier findes i Samlingen kun fra Gaasefjord. 38 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM De allerfleste indsamlede Exemplarer tilhorer var.: turgida Linpp,, eller Overgangsformer mellem denne og Hovedarten. Denne arktiske Varietet, der ogsaa findes almindelig udbredt i Skandinaviens nordlige og alpine Egne, er i udpreegede Former serde- les afvigende fra den typiske Hovedart. Den er, som bekjendt, karak- teriseret ved den gulbrune eller brune Farve, de korte Stilke, de teettere taglagte og mere fremadvendte Blade, hvorved Planten neesten bliver trind, den mere udsvingede Ventralrand, de nasten ligestore, mere brede og mindre tilspidsede Bladlapper og endelig de uhyre collenchymatisk fortykkede Celler med ofte udpreget stjerneformet Lumen. 28. Lophozia Floerkei (W. M.) Scurry. Horer blandt de mindst almindelige Arter i disse Egne, og den er kun samlet paa nogle faa Steder i Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Glacier Valley og Lastraeadalen, overalt sparsomt indsprengt i Tuer af Dicranum congestum eller Rhacomitrium lanuginosumn. Baade denne Art og Lophozia qvingvedentata er tidligere vel kjendte som Beboere af Polarlande, og de har begge deres Nordgraendse over Spitzbergen. 29. Lophozia Binsteadii (Kaat.) Evans. ‘Sjelden og sammen med Sphenolobus minutus, Blepharostoma trichophyllum og Cephalozia verrucosa sparsomt indspreengt i tette Tuer af Dicranwm spadiceum og Ditrichum flewicaule paavist kun fra folgende faa Voxesteder. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord; N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Bedford Pim Isl. og Cape Rutherford under 78° 50’ nordlig Bredde. De fleste Exemplarer er ganske typiske, kun en Del af Exempla- rerne fra Gaasefjord og fra Framshavn synes at danne Overgangsfor- mer til Lophozia quinqvedentata var. turgida, der uden Tvivl er ner beslagtet med neerverende Art. Lophozia Binsteadii er tidligere kjendt kun fra den skandinaviske Halvo og fra Gronland. Dens tidligere kjendte Nordgraendse var om- trent ved 73° paa Gronlands Qstkyst. 30. Lophozia qvadriloba (Linps.) Evans. Exemplarer af nogenlunde typiska Former, mere eller mindre {uld- stendig lig Exemplarer af den Lindbergske Plante fra Skandinavien, findes kun fra folgende faa Steder. 1898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 39 North Lincoln: Framfjord; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord og Gaasefjord; Ellesmere Land: Glacier Valley. Kun fra sidstnevnte Sted findes mere rigelige Exemplarer og med Perianthier. Meget mere almindelig udbredt, end den typiske Form, er: var. heterophylla Bryun & Kaa.aas var. nov. Differt e typo gracilitate (caulis cum foliis vix ultra 0.75 mm. cras- sus), colore fuscescenti-nigricante. caulibus distincte tereti-foliatis, foliis approximatis, confertis vel imbricatis, vario modo profunde lobatis, lobis vulgo binis vel ternis vel rarius qvaternis. E varietate: glareosa Jorc. caulibus tereti-foliatis marginibusqve loborum pro more reflexis diversa. De mest udpregede Former af denne nye Varietet er habituelt ser- deles forskjellige fra Hovedarten. De har ofte stor Lighed med Spheno- lobus minutus. Men ved Undersogelse af et storre Materiale findes enhver mulig Overgangsform fra den simpleste Form med overveiende tofligede Blade til den naesten fuldt typiske Hovedform, endog i samme Tue, ja endogsaa paa samme Individ. Der er saaledes gjentagne Gange paa de lengste Individer iagttaget en vis regelmassig Afvexling mellem tofligede og tre- eller firefligede Blade. Forst kommer 4—6 Par tofligede Blade, derpaa 4—6 Par tre- eller firefligede, saa atter 4—6 Par tofligede o. s. v. Dette synes at tyde paa, at de tofligede Blade fremkommer ved hver Vegeta- tionsperiodes Begyndelse og de tre- og firefligede forst senere. Varieteten heterophylla synes at vere almindelig udbredt i disse Egne over hele Distriktet; men den synes, ligesom ogsaa Hovedarten, nesten overalt at voxe sparsomt og indspreengt blandt Sumpmoser. Exemplarer findes fra folgende Steder. North Lincoln: Fram- fjord; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Renbugten, Gaasefjord og Landsend; North Kent (350 M. o. H.); Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, ' Cape Rutherford, Lastreeadalen, Bedford Pim. Isl. og Beitstadfjorden, overalt i fuldsteendig steril Tilstand. Lophozia qvadriloba er, foruden i Europa og i Sibirien, des- uden ogsaa forhen samlet i Alaska, hvor den sandsynligvis, efter Be- skrivelsen af de dersteds indsamlede Exemplarer at domme, forekommer som Varieteten heterophylla, samt paa Spitzbergen (Nordgreendse). 31. Lophozia polita (Nrxs). Meget sjelden og meget sparsomt indsprengt i Mosetuer. Ellesmere Land: Framshavn i Selskab med Lophozia Binsteadit, Odontoschisma Macounii, Cephalozia verrucosa, Distichium Hagenii, 40 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP, FRAM Bryum calophyllum, Hypnum tundre og andre. Foruden ved Frams- havo kun i Lastreeadalen, hvor den er samlet i Selskab med Lophozia Wenzelti, Odontoschisma Macounii, Oncophorus Wahlenbergii, Dicra- num spadiceum, Cinclidium hymenophyllum og flere andre. Arten er tidligere kjendt, foruden fra Europa, ogsaa fra Spitz- bergen, hvor den har Nordgreendse ved 80° 30’; derimod er den endnu ikke kjendt fra Sibirien, Gronland eller Alaska. 32. Lophozia Kunzeaua (HUBENER) ScHIFFN. Denne findes 1 Samlingen kun fra et eneste Sted, nemlig fra Egedes- minde paa Gronlands Vestkyst, hvor den er samlet i forholdsvis rige- lige, kraftige og vel udviklede, omend sterile Exemplarer. Arten er tid- ligere kjendt fra Gronland og andre arktiske Lande, ogsaa Spitzber- gen (Nordgreendse). 33. Mesoptychia Sahlbergii Linps. Yderst sjelden, kun fuldstendig steril og yderst sparsomt indspreengt i Mosetuer. Kong Oscars Land: Renbugten, hvorfra er paavist 2 Individer blandt Lophoziw qvinqvedentata v. turgida, samt Gaasefjord, hvor den er paavist noget mindre sparsomt i Tuer, bestaaende af Blepharostoma trichophyllum, Cephalozia verrucosa, Arnellia fennica, Lophozia ventricosa og quvinqvedentata, Distichium capillaceum, Mnium or- thorrhynchum og Blyttii, Eucalypta commutata, Aulacomnium acu- avinatum, Camptothecium nitens og Campylium stellatum. Paa begge Steder er den samlet under omtrent 76° 40’ nordlig Bredde. Denne meget sjeldne Art er tidligere kjendt kun fra Sibirien (Jeniseidalen) og fra Alaska, paa begge Steder under 68—69° nordlig Bredde. 34. Sphenolobus minutus (CRanrz) STEPH. Blandt de mest almindeligt forekommende Arter. Mere eller mindre talrige Exemplarer er indsamlet fra de fleste undersogte Steder. Den findes dog sjelden i nogenlunde rene Tuer, mest enkeltvis indsprengt, specielt i tette Tuer af Dicranum elongatum. De fleste Exemplarer er tynde og traadformede, ofte nesten haarfine, med meget concave Blade og ofte indboiede Bladlapper. Exemplarer med Perianthier kun fra Gaasefjord og Cape Viole. Arten er tidligere vel kjendt som en arktisk Plante og samlet i de fleste undersogte Egne, ogsaa paa Spitzbergen (Nordgreendse). 1898— 1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA, 41 35. Plagiochila arctica Bryan & Kaataas sp. nov. Parce gregata, vel inter alios muscos surculis singulis-sparsa, flavo- viridis vel fusco-viridis, partibus vetustioribus seepe fuscis, suberecta, 1—2, rarius ad 5 cm. alta et cum foliis explanatis ad 2 mm. lata, pro more valde ramosa, densifoliatis ramis ut plurimum brevibus et sub- fasciculatis, rarius subsimplex, fere filiformis laxioreqve foliata, e latere magis minusve complanata. Caulis e rhizomate repente suberectus, flexuosus, apice sepe recli- natus, flavo-fuscus, circiter 0.8 mm. crassus, subtus radicellis satis densis, hyalinis vel leniter flavescentibus, sublevibus obteetus, pro more ramos breves, erectos, seepe subfasciculatos gerens et e Jatere ventrali stolones complures crassos et rigidos, dense radicellosos, sub angulum obtusum in terram demittens, sectione transversa ovalis, e dorso ad ventrem com- pressus, in diametro a cellulis circiter 12, qvarum corticalibus uni-vel bistratis minoribus, 0.015—0.02 mm. magnis, ceteris qgvoad magnitudinem irregularibus, 0.02—0.05 mm. longis latisqve, tenuimembranaceis, com- positus. Folia caulis ramorumqve tenuia, inferiora parva et plus minusve dissita, superiora accrescentia et dense conferta, omnia obliqve affixa, antice decurrentia, ut plurimum erecta et subappressa, e latere compla- nata (fere ut in Nardia compressa), margine dorsali pro more leniter reflexo, ventrali subplano vel parum inflexo, rotundato-reniformia vel rarius rotundato-ovalia, semper latiora qvam longiora, usqve ad 0.28 mm. lata et 0.22 mm. longa, concava, margine integra. Folia irregularia, apice truncata vel leniter emarginata, margine angulata vel dentibus latis et brevibus remote dentata, interdum etiam visa. Cellule foliorum marginales in serie una subqvadrate, 0.028 mm. magne, hasilares elongato-multangule, circiter 0.046 mm. longe, cetere per totum folium rotundato-multangule, eqvimagne, circiter 0.035 mm., omnes fere echlorophyllifere, tenuimembranacez, parietibus parum et subconformiter incrassatis, trigonis haud conspicuis, cuticula leniter ~ verrucosa. Foliola sat crebra, subulato-lanceolata, erecta vel subappressa, inter- dum bifida, ad 0.3 mm. longa. Cetera ignota. E formis minoribus minimisqve Plagiochile asplenioides, valde variabilis, notis supra relatis satis superqve diversa videtur, presertim foliis transverse complanatis, margine foliorum ventrali haud revoluto, ut et cellulis foliorum multo majoribus, fere echlorophylliferis. 42 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM E Pedinophyllo interrwpto differt preeprimis rhizomate repente et foliis decurrentibus, complanatis, subreniformibus, nec non stolonibus descendentibus numerosis. Denne nye Art synes at vere almindelig udbredt, specielt over den sydlige Del af det undersogte Landomraade. Meget sjelden er den sam- let noget mere rigelig. Som Regel findes den sparsomt indspreengt i Mosetuer og oftest 1 Selskab med flere eller feerre blandt folgende neden- for opregnede Arter: Aplozia polaris, Arnellia, Lophozia harpanthoides og qvadriloba, Sphenolobus, Odontoschisma Macounii, Cephalozia pleniceps og verru- cosa, Blepharostoma trichophyllum, Diplophyllum incurvum, Hyme- nostylium, Oncophorus Wahlenbergii, Distichium capillaceum, Didy- modon rubellus, Ditrichum flexicaule, Tortula ruralis, Encalypta contorta og rhabdocarpa, Plagiopus, Mnium orthorrhynchum, Timmia austriaca og norvegica, Orthothecium chryseum, Camptothecium nitens, Isopterygium pulchellum, Hypnum tundre og Vauchert. Arten voxer altsaa veesentlig sammen med Planter, der foretraekker kalkholdigt Underlag, eller ialfald ikke er kalkfiendtlige. Exemplarer findes fra folgende Voxesteder. North Lincoln: Framfjord under 76° 20’ nordlig Bredde; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Gaasefjord og Renbugten; North Kent (800 M. o. h.); N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord; Ellesmere Land: Cape Rutherford og Beitstadfjorden under 79° nordlig Bredde. (Plagiochila asplenioides er i det arktiske Amerika kjendt kun fra . Alaska og har sin hidtil kjendte Nordgrandse 1 Finmarken ved 70°. Pedinophyllum interruptum angives at vere samlet paa Yen Dtsko ved Gronlands Vestkyst, ligeledes under omtrent 70° nordlig Bredde). Trigonanthex. 36. Odontoschisma Macounii (Aust.) UnDERW. Exemplarer findes fra folgende Steder. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Gaasefjord og Landsend; Elles- mere Land: Framshavn, Cape Viole, Glacier Valley, Lastreadalen, Bedford Pim Isl. og Cape Rutherford. Planten er overalt steril og kun fra et Par Steder indsamlet i nogen- lunde rigelige Exemplarer og 1 forholdsvis rene Tuer; som Regel fore- kommer den sparsomt indspreengt blandt andre Moser, blandt hvilke kan anfores: Blepharostoma trichophyllum, Sphenolobus, Cephalozia ple- niceps og verrucosa, Lophozia qvinqvedentata, Plagiochila arctica, 1898— 1902. No. 11.| BRYOPHYTA. 43 Oncophorus Wahlenbergii, Distichium capillaceum, Ditrichum flecxi- caule, Aulacomnium turgidum, Dicranum spadiceum, Timmia austri- aca. Polytrichum alpinum, Orthothecium chryseum og Hypnum tur- gescens. Denne Art er serdeles karakteristisk, uagtet den viser adskillig Til- boielighed til at variere. Den er saaledes snart tatbladet, snart spredt- bladet; Bladene er saavel afstumpede i Spidsen, som grundt udrandede eller dybt indskaarne; Amphigastrierne varierer betydelig i Storrelse. Arten er en udpreget arktisk Plante med hidtil kjendt Sydgreendse ved 66° nordlig Bredde (paa Alsteno i Nordland) og med Nordgreendse over Spitzbergen. Forovrigt forhen kjendt kun fra Gronland og Alaska. 37. Cephalozia pleniceps (Aust.) Linps. Findes ikke sjelden, men meget sparsomt indsprangt i Mosetuer, fornemmelig Tuer af Dicranum, og nesten altid i Selskab med Ble- pharostoma trichophyllum, Lophozia qvinqvedentata og Cephalozia verrucosa, ofte ogsaa med Anthelia Juratzkana, Odontoschisma og Cephalozia grimsulana. Exemplarer, hvoraf de allerfleste elendig spade, er iagttagne fra folgende Steder. Kong Oscars Land: Sydkapfjord og Gaasefjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Glacier Valley, Cape Viole, Lastreeadalen (c. perianth), Cape Rutherford og Skrellingoen under 78° 50’ nordlig Bredde. Tidligere kjendte Nordgreendse ved omtrent 74° 10’ ved Cape Mary paa Gronlands Qstkyst. 38. Cephalozia media Linps. Findes i sterile Exemplarer kun fra Lastreeadalen i Ellesmere Land under omtrent 78° 45’ nordlig Bredde, hvor den sammen med Odontoschisma Macounii, Lophozia obtusa og Philonotis alpicola fandtes indsprengt 1 Tuer af Dicranum spadiceum. Tidligere kjendte Nordgreendse ved Cape Parry paa Gronlands Ostkyst under 72° 30’. 39. Cephalozia bicuspidata (L.) Dum. Sjelden og sparsomt indspreengt blandt andre Moser, neesten altid i Selskab med Cephalozia pleniceps og verrucosa eller grimsulana og Lophozia quvinqvedentata var. turgida. 44 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Exemplarer, der nogenlunde stemmer med den typiske Form, fin- des kun fra folgende ganske faa Steder 1 Ellesmere Land: Cape Viole (c. perianth.), Glacier Valley og Skreellinggen. Noget mindre sjelden er den paa samme Maade, som Hovedarten, forekommende: var. arctica Bryun & KaAALaas var. nov. Differt e typo parvitate, foliis pellucidis sinu obtuso bifidis, lobis ovali-lanceolatis multo latioribus et obtusioribus, parallelis vel conniven- tibus (ut in Cephalozia leucantha, cujus folia illis hujus varietatis similia). Findes, ligesom Hovedarten, i Samlingen kun fra Ellesmere Land: Bedford Pim Isl. (c. perianth.), Glacier Valley (c. perianth.), Cape Viole, Cape Rutherford og Beitstadfjorden. Cephalozia bicuspidata er tidligere kjendt fra flere arktiske Lande og har sin Nordgrendse over Spitzbergen. 40. Cephalozia biloba Linps. Findes kun fra et eneste Sted, nemlig Havnefjord i Kong Oscars Land under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde. Planten voxer her i smaa gronne Hobe mellem Aulacomnium palustre og Brachythecium salebrosum var. arclicum. Exemplarerne er vel udviklede, rigelig forsynede med Perianthier og fuldsteendig typiske. Denne sjeldne Arts Forekomst i Kong Oscars Land var en stor Overraskelse. Den er nemlig ny for de arktiske Lande og tidligere kjendt kun fra Stavanger i Norge og fra Helsingfors i Finland. 41. Cephalozia Bryhnii Kaauaas. Findes i Samlingen ligeledes kun fra et eneste Sted, Cape Ruther- ford i Ellesmere Land under 78° 50’ nordlig Bredde, fra hvilket Sted Planten er paavist, omend sparsomt, i typiske og med Perianthier for- synede Exemplarer. Den fandtes her i Selskab med Cephalozia verrucosa og grimsu- lana, Blepharostoma trichophyllum, Anthelia Juratekana, Marsupella arctica, Lophozia alpestris og forskjellige Arter af Slegten Brywm. Denne sjeldne Art er tidligere kjendt kun fra nogle faa Steder i Norge og fra Frankrig, og den er tidligere ikke samlet nordenfor Alten i Finmarken ved henimod 70° nordlig Bredde. : 1898— 1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 45. 42. Cephalozia verrucosa (Jens.) Bryun & Kaavaas sp. nov. Cephalozia divaricuta (Franc.) Dum. var. verrucosa C. Jens. Ad descriptionem Jensenm in ,,Mosser fra Ost-Gronland“ supplemen- tum inseqvens addendum est. Monoica, ramis masculis longis, floribus femineis innovationes ven- trales elongatas coronantibus, bracteis femineis bijugis, raro unijugis, nunqvam trijugis. Denne Art synes uden Sammenligning at vere den hyppigst fore- kommende Levermose i disse Egne og ikke sjelden med Perianthier, ogsaa af og til med vel udviklet Frugt. Den er sjelden iagttaget i nogen storre samlet Meengde, den findes oftest spredt blandt de mest forskjellige Moser, saavel xerophile som hygrophile, eller den omspinder storre Mosers Stilke (f. Ex. Dicrana eller Aulacomnia) ligesom med en fin Haarbekleedning. Mere eller mindre talrige Exemplarer findes fra folgende Steder. North Lincoln: Framfjord; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Gaasefjord, Renbugten, Excrementbugten, Landsend og Isachsens Fjord; N. V. Grenland: Foulketjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshayn, Glacier Valley, Cape Viole, Lastrzeadalen, Bedford Pim Isl., Cocked Hat Isl., Cape Rutherford, Eskimopolis, Beitstadfjorden, Skreellinggen 1 Alexandra- fjord samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen under 79° nordlig Bredde. : Arten er tidligere samlet ved Scoresby Sound paa Grenlands Ostkyst under 70—71° nordlig Bredde samt — ved Hamburg. 43. Cephalozia grimsulana (Jack). Ikke sjelden, dog mindre almindelig end foregaaende Art og lige- som denne mest udbredt i den nordlige Del af det undersogte Land- omraade. Den findes ligesom foregaaende Art sjelden i nogen storre samlet Mengde, oftest spredt blandt andre hygrophile Moser, ikke sjelden smukt fructificerende. Exemplarer findes fra folgende Steder. North Lincoln: Framfjord; Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord, Sydkapfjord og Isachsens Fjord; N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord; Elles- mere Land: Framshavn, Cape Viole, Cocked Hat Isl., Cape Rutherford, Skrallingoen, Eskimopolis samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen under 79° nordlig Bredde. Findes tidligere anfort kun for Europa. Dog er den Mulighed ikke udelukket, at den er identisk med Cephalozia divaricata var. incurva Linps., anfort fra Gronland og fra Spitzbergen. 46 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC, EXP. FRAM 44, Bazzania triangularis (Scuueicu.) R. Br. Iagttaget kun fra et eneste Sted, nemlig Havnefjord i Kong Oscars Land nnder 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde, hvorfra 2—38 Individer er fundne i en liden Tue af Lophozia violascens, Cephalozia verrucosa og Ble- pharostoma trichophyllum. Er i det arktiske Amerika tidligere anfort kun for Alaska og er tidligere neppe samlet nordenfor 70° nordlig Bredde (i Finmarken). Ptilidioidex. 45. Blepharostoma trichophyllum (L.) Dum. Spredt blandt alle mulige Sumpmoser findes denne Art almindelig udbredt i disse Egne. Mere eller mindre talrige Exemplarer er obser- verede fra de allerfleste undersogte Voxesteder, med Perianthier dog kun fra Bedford Pim Isl. (78° 40’ n. B.). Var.: brevirete Bryun & Kaavaas var. nov. Folia foliis forme typicee eqvilonga (0.4—0.5 mm.), pro more dissita ; crura foliorum a cellulis numerosioribus subqvadratis, circiter 0.02 mm. magnis, constructa. Denne nye Varietet adskilles fra Normalformen ved Bladfligenes Celler, der hos Normalformen er rectangulere (gjerne lidt indsnevrede paa Midten), aldrig mere end 12 i Antal og 0.03-—-0.04 mm. lange, medens de hos Varieteten er kvadratiske og 14—17 (oftest 16) i Antal. Denne Varietet kan ikke betragtes som en forkroblet Form, Exem- plarerne horer blandt de storste og kraftigste, der af denne Art er ind- samlede under Expeditionen. Den synes ikke at voxe sammen med Normalformen og er mindre almindelig, end denne. Exemplarer findes fra Kong Oscars Land: Excrementbugten (76° 30’ n. B.); Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Cape Rutherford, Eskimopo- lis og Skraellinggen i Alexandrafjord (78° 50’ n. B.). . 46. Blepharostoma setiforme (Euru.) Linps. I Samlingen findes: Exemplarer kun fra Egedesminde i Vest Gron- land og fra Bedford Pim Isl., udenfor Ellesmere Lands Kyst. Fra det forstneevnte Sted er indsamlet temmelig rene Tuer af Exemplarer, der aldeles ligner europziske. Paa Bedford Pim Isl. forekommer Plan- ten 1 neesten haarfine Exemplarer sparsomt indspreengt blandt Lophozia alpestris, qvinqvedentata var. turgida og Binsteadii, Cephalozia ver- rucosa, Blepharostoma trichophyllum og Ptilidium ciliare. 1898 — 1902. No. 111] BRYOPHYTA. 47 Planten er ligesom foregaaende Art en almindelig arktisk Art med Nordgreendse over Spitzbergen ved 80° 40’ nordlig Bredde. 47. Anthelia Juratzkana (Limpr.) Trevis. Efter de indsamlede Exemplarer at domme, synes denne Art i disse Egne ikke, som saedvanlig, at danne Massevegetation. Den er iagttaget fra folgende Steder, oftest temmelig sparsomt indspreengt blandt andre - Moser, fornemmelig Blepharostoma trichophyllum og Cephalozia ver- rucosa. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord og Gaasefjord (c. fr.); N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Glacier Valley, Bedford Pim Isl. og Cape Rutherford. Nordgreendse over Spitzbergen. 48. Anthelia julacea (L.) Dum. Forekommer kun i enkelte sterile Individer, sparsomt indspreengt i Mosetuer fra folgende Steder. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord og Isachsens Fjord; Ellesmere Land: Lastreeadalen og Cape Rutherford under 78° 50’ nordlig Bredde. Arten er tidligere med Sikkerhed kjendt fra Alaska, Gronlands Ostkyst og Finmarken under 70—71° nordlig Bredde. Den findes ogsaa anfort fra Spitzbergen, men fra en Tid, da man endnu ikke var bleven opmerksom paa, at Anthelia julacea og Juratzkana er to for- skjellige Arter. 49. Ptilidium ciliare (L.) Hamer. Exemplarer findes fra folgende Steder. Vest Gronland: Egedesminde; Kong Oscars Land: Havne- fjord og Gaasefjord; Ellesmere Land: Glacier Valley og Bedford Pim Isl Kun fra forstneevnte Sted nogenlunde rigelige Exemplarer i for- holdsvis rene Tuer, ellers spredt blandt alle mulige, helst hygrophile Moser. Nordgreendse over Spitzber gen. Scapanioidex. 50. Diplophyllum gymnostomophilam Kaau. Meget sjelden og meget sparsomt forekommende. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord og Isachsens Fjord under 78° nordlig Bredde. Paa det forstnevnte Sted er Planten samlet flere Gange i Selskab med flere eller ferre af folgende Moser: Lophozia qvadriloba var. 48 N. BRYHN. [2QND ARC. EXP. FRAM heterophylla, Diplophyllum incurvum, Tetraplodon mnioides, Lepto- bryum pyriforme, Bryum arcticum, Timmia austriaca, Myurella apiculata, Hypnum uncinatum, Bambergeri og hamulosum. Fra det andet Sted er iagttaget et eneste Individ blandt Aplozia polaris, Cephalozia verrucosa, Fissidens arcticus, Orthotheciwum stric- tum og chryseum. Findes kun steril, men med en rigelig Mengde tocellede Gonidier. Arten er tidligere kjendt kun fra den skandinaviske Halvo med Nordgreendse over Ranen under omtrent 66° 30’ nordlig Bredde. 51. Diplophyllum incurvum Bryun & Kaataas sp. nov. Dioicum; inter alios muscos sparsum, luteo-fuscescens vel fuscescens, apice solum luteo-virens vel virescens, statu sterili pro more tenue, sub- filiforme obqve folia densa et ad anticum vergentia subtere, retro valde convexum; qvoad magnitudinem maxime variabile, 0.5—2 cm. altum et foliis arcte explanatis 1.5—2.25 mm. lJatum. Caulis inferne fuscus, superne flavus vel flavo-viridis, serpentino- flexuosus, apice pro more leniter recurvus, sat rigidus, 0.2 mm. crassus, vel ultra, retro radicellis densis longis flavescentibus, spe fasciculatim confertis, ad apicem usqve instructus, vulgo omnino simplex, rarissime innovationes 1—2 subapicales proferens, dense foliatus follisqve ita ad anticum incurvatis, ut latus plante ventrale convexum fit. — Sectio caulis transversa elliptica, cellulis corticalibus 2—3 stratis, valde fusces- centi-incrassatis, ceteris hyalinis, omnibus aqvimagnis circiter 0.015 mm. magnis. Folia dense conferta, eqvimagna vel ad apicem parum decrescentia, ad 1.2 mm. usqve longa, crassiuscula, transverse affixa, antice et postice medium caulis attingentia, patentia vel magis minusve divaricata, et siccitate et humiditate ad anticum valde vergentia, ad dimidium vel ad duas tertias secta, lobis duobus inaeqvalibus rotundato-complicatis ideoqve ecarinatis. Lobus foliorum ventralis pro ratione major, brevis et latus (latior qvam longus), patens vel divaricatus et valde incurvatus, obliqve ovali- rotundatus vel rotundato-reniformis, profunde concavus, obtusus vel ob proferentiam gonidiorum in apicem plus minusve longum productus, marginibus integris. Lobus foliorum dorsalis minor, pars tertia vel qvinta solum lobi ventralis, obliqve ad anticum porrectus, obliqve ovato-reniformis, con- vexus, obtusus, rarius acutatus, integerrimus. 1898 — 1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 49 Cellulee foliorum, angularibus qvadratis exceptis, rotundato-multan- gule, basilares circiter 0.023 mm., media 0.018—0.02 mm., marginales 0.015 mm. magne, omnes optime conformiterqve incrassate, trigonis parum conspicuis, cuticula leniter verruculosa. Gonidia in apice foliorum summorum, acervos seepe formantia, ellip- trica, flavo-fusca, bicellularia. Plantas perpaucas femineas colesuliferas observavimus, _ sterilibus robustiores, breviores densiusqve foliatas, innovationes duas sub peri- anthio proferentes. Bractee pericheetii foliis majores magisqve erecta, lobis fere eqvi- magnis et conformibus, acutis, dentatis. Perianthia, adhuc juvenilia solum, ad 0.7 mm. alta, fere perfecte cylindracea et lavia, ore longe dentato, dentibus ciliatis. Planta mascula ignota. E Diplophyllo gymnostomophilo verosimiliter proximo diversum colore luteo-fuscescenti vel fusco et foliis brevibus, latis et ad anticum incurva. Denne nye Art synes at vere almindelig udbredt i disse Egne og er samlet paa mange Sleder, dog som Regel sparsomt indspreengt blandt andre Moser, helst saadanne, der foretreekker kalkholdigt Underlag. Exemplarer findes fra folgende Steder. North Lincoln: Fram- fjord under 76° 20’ nordlig Bredde; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Moskusfjord, Gaasefjord og Renbugten; North Kent (300 M. o. H.); Ellesmere Land: Framshavn (c. perianth.), Bedford Pim Isl., Lastreea- dalen, Glacier Valley (forma monstrosa), Cape Rutherford, Beitstad- fjorden samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen under 79° nord- hg Bredde. 52. Scapania Bartlingii (Nees) Hamper. Findes i ganske faa sterile Exemplarer fra et Par Steder i Elles- mere Land: Cape Viole og Lastreeadalen under 78° 40’—78° 45’ nordl. Bredde. Paa det forstnaevnte Sted er Planten samlet i Selskab med: Sphe- nolobus minutus, Cephalozia verrucosa, Webera nutans og Bryuwm arcticum; paa det andet Sted sammen med Sphenolobus minutus, Webera nutans, Plagiobryum demissum og Brywm pendulum. Denne sjeldne Art er tidligere kjendt ogsaa fra Gronland, Beeren Eiland og Spitzbergen (Nordgrendse), paa hvilke Steder den ogsaa forekommer meget sparsomt. 4 50 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM 58. Scapania rosacea (Corpa) Dum. Ligeledes meget sparsomt samlet paa nogle faa Steder i Ellesmere Land, nemlig Bedford Pim Isl. (sammen med Lophozia qvinqvedenlata, Cephalozia verrucosa, Bryum minus og Polytrichum fragile), Cape Viole (sammen med Cephalozia pleniceps, verrucosa og grimsulana, Odontoschisma Macounii, Lophozia Miilleri og Polytrichum fragile) samt Cape Rutherford ved 78° 50’ nordlig Bredde (sammen med Sphe- nolobus minutus, Blepharostoma trichophyllum, Diplophyllum incur- vum, Cephalozia verrucosa, Lophozia ventricosa, Binsteadti, qvinqve- dentata og harpanthoides). Paa alle 3 Steder er kun nogle faa Individer plukkede ud af disse brogede Blandingstuer. Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgrendse var ved Hurry Inlet paa Gronlands Ostkyst og Jan Mayen ved 71°. D4. Scapania xeqviloba (Scuwer.) Dum. Yderst sjelden. Ellesmere Land: Framshavn under 78° 45’ nord- lig Bredde, sparsomt indspreengt blandt Distichium capiltaceum og Lo- phozia harpanthoides. Arten er tidligere neppe samlet nordenfor Talvik 1 Finmarken (70° n. B.). 5d. Scapania undulata (L.) Dum. Nogle faa tynde Individer med sterkt fortykkede Celleveegge er plukkede ud af en teet Mosetue fra Cape Rutherford i Ellesmere Land. Den fandtes i Selskab med Oncophorus Wahlenbergii, Aulacom- nium turgidum og Timmia austriaca. Arten er for vel kjendt fra arktiske Egne og har Nordgreendse over Spitzbergen. . 56. Scapania irrigua (Nees) Dum. var. alpina Bryun. Kun fra Gaasefjord i Kong Oscars Land under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde, hvor denne Art voxer sparsomt indspreengt blandt en. Mangfol- dighed af andre Sumpmoser. Exemplarerne fra Gaasefjord ligner fuldstaendig den fra Norge be- skrevne Varietet, brune og tatbladede med meget fortykkede Bladceller og med serdeles store Trigoner o. s. v. Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgreendse saavel i Amerika, som 1 Europa og i Asien ligger mellem 70 og 71°. 1898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 51 57. Scapania Simmonsii Bryan & Kaavaas. sp. nov. Ceespitosa, robusta, usqve ad 6 cm. alta et cum foliis 2.5 mm. lata, vel ultra, fusca, nigrescens, stricta et rigida, siccitate fragilis, maxime densifolia, simplex vel perparce ramosa. Caulis rigidus et strictus, fere rectus, fuscus vel atro-fuscus, 0.3—0.4 mm. crassus, fere eradicellosus, sectione transvera ellipticus, cellulis peri- phericis in stratis duobus maxime fusco-incrassatis, ceteris in diametro 10—12 tenuimembranaceis et hyalinis, 0.02—0.025 mm. magnis, pro more omnino simplex, rarius ramum unum alterumve longum emittens. Folia 1—1.4 mm. longa et 1 mm. lata, densissima, crassa et sub- carnosa, rigida et fragilia, fusca vel fusco-nigrescentia, opaca, subaeqvi- magna, transverse affixa, patentia — deflexa, extus dense et subtiliter scabrida, ad dimidium vel ad duas tertias secta, lobis duobus ineeqvi- magnis, arctissime complicatis et ad posticum valde revolutis ideoqve sepe fere tubulata, carina falcato-deflexa haud alata. Lobus foliorum anticus (dorsalis) minor, in fronte supra caulem pro- tractus, obliqve reniformis vel obliqve cordatus, lobo postico appressus et cum eodem ad posticum repandus, pro more integerrimus, rarius dentem unum alterumve obtusum exhibens. Lobus foliorum posticus (ventralis) duplo—triplo major, ob partem basilarem valde rotundatam retro ultra caulem longe extensus, obliqve ovatus, obtusus vel acutatus, margine integer vel dentibus nonnullis remotis, obtusis latisqve munitus, ad posticum valde revolutus ideoqve fere tubulatus. Cellulze foliares sepe pulchre seriate, opace, plurime rotundato- multangul, 0.02—0.024 mm. magne, basilares paullo elongate, ad 0.028 mm. usqve longs, marginales in serie una qvadrate, 0.014—0.015 mm. modo magne, omnes valde purpureo — vel fusco-incrassate, tri- gona maxima ad angulos cellularum et lumina stellantormls osten- dentes. Cuticula maxime verrucosa. Folia inferiora innovationum juvenilium haud raro subplana, lobis anticis minus obtusis non nihil decurrentibus, superiora gradatim magis magisqve repanda. Cetera desunt. Species distincta e Scapania uliginosa proxima presertim foltis revolutis et reflexis ut et reti foliorum valde incrassato optime diversa. Exemplarer findes fra to Steder i Kong Oscars Land: Havne- fjord (76° 30’ n. B.) og Gaasefjord under 76° 50’ nordlig Bredde og i en Hoide over Havet af 350 Meter. 52 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Paa det forste Sted er Planten samlet meget sparsomt og indspreengt blandt andre Sumpmoser. Fra det andet Sted foreligger rigelige Exem- plarer, dels 1 forholdsvis rene Tuer, dels som Bestanddel af Blan- dingstuer. B. Sphagnacee. 58. Sphagnum Girgensohnii Russ. Af denne Art, den eneste Sphagnum, der findes i den hele Sam- ling, foreligger der rigelige, omend sterile Exemplarer fra Lastreeadalen i Ellesmere Land under 78° 45’ nordlig Bredde. De tette Tuer er paa Kryds og Tvers gjennemvevede af Lever- moser, fornemmelig Lophozia qvinqvedentata var. turgida, Sphenolo- bus minutus, Blepharostoma trichophyllum, Cephalozia pleniceps og Odontoschisma Macounit. Arten synes tidligere ikke at vere samlet nordenfor Scoresby Sound paa Gronlands Ostkyst under 70—71° nordlig Bredde. Cc. Musci veri. Andrexaces. 59. Andresa papillosa Linpe. Exemplarer findes fra Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord; Elles- mere Land: Framshavn, Glacier Valley og Bedford Pim Isl., overalt med Frusgt. Planten voxer paa vaade Stene eller paa vaad Jord i indtil 6 cm. dybe, redbrune, sjelden gronne, Tuer, enten rene eller indspreengt med Ditrichum flexicaule, Blindia acuta, Seligeria polaris eller Hypnum revolutum. Arten forekommer ogsaa paa Alaska, Gronlands Qstkyst, paa Beeren Eiland og Spitzbergen. Weisiacez. 60. Gymnostomum rupestre Scuu. Findes i Samlingen kun fra Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord og Gaasefjord under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde. Planten forekommer deroppe som en kortbladet, altid steril Form, der oftest voxer paa fugtig Jord og danner indtil 3 cm. dybe Tuer, der 1898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 53 enten er rene, eller ogsaa isprengte med Ditrichum fleaicaule, Cerato- don, en eller anden Myurella eller Hypnum revolutum. Artens Nordgrendse er i Asien ved 60° og i Europa ved 70°. 61. Gymnostomum Jeve Brynu sp. nov. Cespites densi, ad 5 cm. usqve alti, fusci, superne atro-virides vel ceruleo-virides, parum coherentes. Caulis rotundato-angulatus, fasciculo centrali distincto, 001—0.015 mm. crasso. Folia humiditate erecta vel erecto-patentia, siccicate imbricata, 0.75—1 mm. longa et 0.25—0.3 mm. lata, e basi ovato in apicem breviorem lanceolatum et obtusum subito angustata (Tab. I, Fig. 1), marginibus plana et integerrima, Costa foliorum valida (0.035 X 0.06 mm.), excurrens, indicibus me- dianis 4—6, fasciculo stereidarum inferiore lato, cellulis ventralibus dor- salibusqve. Cellule foliares qvoad formam magnitudinemqve illis Gymnostoid rupestris persimiles, sed levissimee, papilis nullis. Cetera ignota. Species, ut videtur, distinctissima e Gymnostomo rupestri proxino diversa foliis latis et brevibus, subito in apicem obtusum contractis, levi- bus et siccitate imbricatis. Voxer paa fugtig Jord, vaade Stene og Berge enten i rone Tuer eller i Selskab med Didymodon rubellus, Ditrichum flexicaule, Disti- chium capillaceum, en eller anden Myurella eller Encalypta, Hyme- nostylium, Hypnum Bambergeri eller Grimmia anodon. Exemplarer findes fra felgende Steder. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Gaasefjord og Excrementbugten; North Kent (300 M. o. H.); Ellesmere Land: Beitstadfjorden samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen under 79° nordlig Bredde. 62. Hymenostylium curvirostre (Euru.) Lwos. Ikke sjelden paa Berge og fugtig Lerjord, ogsaa paa Polaroxe- excrementer. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord; North Kent (300 M. o. H.); N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Cape Rutherford, Lastreeadalen, samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen. Forekommer her som en kortbladet Form med Bladene mere eller mindre tydelig ordnede i 3 Rader. Den er ikke samlet med Frugt og danner sjelden rene Tuer. Dens almindeligste Ledsagere er: Tortula a4 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM ruralis, Brya varia, Arnellia, Encalypta rhabdocarpa, Ceratodon, Ditrichum flexicaule og Distichium capillaceum. Arten har sin Nordgrendse over Spitzbergen. 63. Dicranoweisia crispula (Hepw.) Linps. Ikke sjelden og rigelig paa Stene, iser i Bekke, samt paa vaad Jord og Grus, almindeligvis i rene Tuer og oftere med Frugt. Exemplarer findes paa folgende Steder: Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord og Gaasefjord (c. fr.); North Kent (300 M. 0. H.); Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Cape Viole, Cape Rutherford (c. fr.), Bedford Pim Isl. (c. fr.) og Cocked Hat Isl. Arten er vel kjendt fra for af som en arktisk Art; den er for sam- let paa Alaska, Gronland, Beeren Eiland, Novaja Semlja, Sibirien og paa Spitzbergen, hvor Nordgreendse. fhabhdoweisiacex. 64. Cynodontium schisti (Wautens.) Linn. c. fr, Meget sjelden og kun i ringe Mengde fra et eneste Sted, nemlig Lastreeadalen i Ellesmere Land under 78° 45’ nordlig Bredde i Sel- skab med Diplophyllum incurvum, Tortella tortuosa var. fragilifolia og Isopterygium pulchellum. Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgreendse var ved 70° paa Gronlands Ostkyst. . 65. Cynodontium gracilescens (W. & M.) Scuimp. ¢, fr. Yderst sparsomt fra samme Sted, som foregaaende Art, i Selskab med Tortella fragilis, Desmatodon subcrectus, Distichium Hagenii og Distichium capillaceum. Arten er tidligere ikke angiven for arktiske Lande. 66. Cynodontium strumiferum (Enru.) De Nor. ec. fr. Meget sjelden og kun fra Vest-Gronland: Egedesminde under 69° nordlig Bredde. Ny for det arktiske Amerika. Nordgrendse i Europa ved 70°. 67. Dichodontium pellueidum (L.) Scuumpe. Meget sjelden og sparsomt forekommende paa fugtig Jord eller Polaroxeexcrementer blandt andre Moser, kun i steril Tilstand. Kong Oscars Land: Moskusfjord og Gaasefjord; Ellesmere Land: Beilstadfjorden under 79° nordlig Bredde. Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgraendse var ved 74° over Beeren Eiland. 1898— 1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA: 55 Dicranacesr. 68. Oncophorus virens (Sw.) Brin. Ikke almindclig, i Sumpe. Exemplarer findes fra Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Gaasefjord (c. fr.) og Renbugten; N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord; Ellesmere Land: Glacier Valley. var. serratus Bryou. Eur. North Lincoln: Framfjord. 69. Oncophorus Wahlenbergii Bruw. Mere almindelig, end foregaaende Art, og ofte fructificerende. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Gaasefjord, Renbugten og Landsend; North Lincoln: Framfjord; N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord ; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Cape Viole, Lastreeadalen, Glacier Valley, Eskimopolis, Cape Rutherford, Skrallingoen og Cocked Hat Isl. Begge Arter er udbredt over en stor Del af Jordens nordlige Halv- kugle og har Nordgrendse ved 80° 40’ paa Spitzbergen. 70. Dicranella heteromalla (L.) Scuie. Meget sjelden og kun i steril Tilstand. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde, sparsomt paa Polaroxeexcrementer blandt Voitia hyperborea og Bryum pallens. Tidligere kjendte Nordgreendse var ved omtrent 69° i Alaska og paa Kola Halvgen. 71. Dicranum Bergeri Buanp. Sterile Exemplarer findes fra et eneste Sted i Kong Oscars Land, nemlig Havnefjord under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde, hvor Planten er obser- veret i Selskab med Cephalozia verrucosa, Lophozia harpanthoides, Sphenolobus minutus, Timmia austriaca og Campylium stellatum. Tidligere kjendte Nordgrendse ved 72° 1 Ost-Gronland. 72. Dicranum fuscescens Turn. Ligeledes yderst sjelden og ligeledes kun fra Havnefjord i Kong Os cars Land, hvor Planten er samlet sparsomt, men 1 rene Tuer. Nordgreendse ved 80° 40’ over Spitzbergen. 56 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM 73. Dicranum brevifolium Linps. Blandt de sjeldnere Arter i disse Egne. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord og Gaasefjord; Ellesmere Land: mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen, overalt i forholdsvis rene Tuer. Arten er kjendt ogsaa fra Gronland eg Spitzbergen. 74. Dicranum congestum Brw. Mere almindelig, end de foregaaende Arter Dicranum. Den er samlet paa flere Steder, men overalt sparsomt. Exemplarer findes fra folgende Steder. Vest-Gronland: Egedesminde; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord og Gaasefjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Cape Viole og Eskimo- polis under 78° 50’ nordlig Bredde. Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgraeendse var ved 72°1 O@st-Gronland. 75. Dicranum spadiceum Zetv. Synes i disse Egne at vere den mest almindelige Art inden Sleg- ten. Den optreder dog ikke saa ofte paa Slegtens almindelige Vis i Masse med tette forholdsvis rene Tuer; oftest findes den som Bestand- del af Blandingstuer. Exemplarer findes fra folgende Steder. Vest-Gronland: Egedesminde; North Lincoln: Framfjord; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Gaasefjord og Renbugten; North Kent (300 M. o. H.); Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Cape Viole, Cape Rutherford, Lastreeadalen, Eskimopolis, Skrellingoen, Bedford Pim Isl. og Cocked Hat Isl. Er fra for af en vel kjendt arktisk-alpin Art med Nordgrendse over Spitzbergen. 76. Dicranum groenlandicum Bro. Overraskende sjelden og hjembragt kun fra folgende faa Steder. North Lincoln: Framfjord; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde. Paa begge Steder samlet rigelig og i relativt rene Tuer. Artens forhen kjendte Nordgreendse var ved 72° paa Gronlands Ostkyst (Scoresby Sound). 77. Dicranum sphagni “WaAHLENB. Synes temmelig almindelig, idet Exemplarer i mere eller mindre rigelig Mengde findes fra folgende Steder. 1898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 57 Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Gaasefjord og Landsend; North Kent (300 M. o. H.); Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Cocked Hat Isl. og Beitstadfjorden. 78. Dicranum elongatum Hepw. Meget almindelig, dog sjelden i rene Tuer og i typiske Exemplarer, oftest som Overgangsformer til foregaaende Art. I hele Samlingen er denne den eneste Dicranum med Frugt. Exemplarer findes fra folgende Steder. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord (c. fr.), Renbugten, Gaasefjord; N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Cape Viole, Glacier Valley, Cape Rutherford, Eskimopolis. Skrellingoen, Bed- ford Pim Isl. samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen. Arten er ligesom foregaaende Art meget udbredt paa Spitzbergen og 1 andre arktiske Egne. Fissidentaces. 79. FHissidens exiguus Suu. Kun fra et eneste Sted. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord, hvor Planten under 76° 30/ nord- lig Bredde er samlet paa fugtig Lerjord i yderst ringe Mengde og i steril Tilstand blandt Distichium capillacewm og Hagenii, Didymodon rubellus og forskjellige Arter Brywin. Ny for de arktiske Lande 80. Fissidens arcticus Bryuw sp. nov. (Tab. I, Fig. 2). Gregarius vel inter alios muscos surculis singulis mixtus, leete viridis, ztate fuscescens. Caulis erectus, e basi denudato 5—20 mm. altus, simplex vel parce ramosus, cum foliis vix 1.25 mm. latus. Folia vulgo 6—12 juga, erecto-patentia, lanceolata, apice acuto, cir- citer 1 mm. longa et circiter 0.33 mm. lata, costa luteo-viridi paullo infra apicem evanida. Lamina vera circiter ad tertiam supremam folii producta. inferne cellulis biseriatis, superne cellulis uniseriatis limbata. Lamina apicalis integra vel cellulis prominulis minutissime serrulata. Lamina dorsalis, vera triplo angustior, ad tertiam infimam coste sensim evanida. Lamina et apicalis et dorsalis elimbata. 58 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Cellule foliares 0,007—0.009 mm. magne, rotundata, excepta cellula una alterave marginali oblongo-qvadrata, obscure. Ceetera ignota. Denne Art, hidtil den eneste Semilimbidium, der er kjendt fra arktiske Egne, findes 1 Samlingen fra folgende Steder. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord (76° 30’ n. B.), Landsend og Isachsens Fjord; N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord; Ellesmere Land: Lastreeadalen under 78° 45’ nordlig Bredde, overalt paa sumpig Jord og overalt overmaade sparsomt, 1 Selskab med andre Moser, blandt hvilke kan nevnes Cephalozia grimsulana, Lophozia ventricosa, Aplozia polaris, Anthelia Juratekana, Dichodontium, Meesea triqvetra, Timmia austriaca, Polytrichum alpinum, Hypnum Bambergeri, lati- folium, revolvens og turgescens. 81. Fissidens impar Mirren. Meget sjelden og kun fra 2 Steder, nemlig Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord og Ellesmere Land: Beitstadfjorden under 79° nordlig Bredde. Paa begge Steder er Planten samlet paa vaad Lerjord, serdeles sparsomt indspreengt i taette Mosetuer. Ny for de arktiske Egne. 82. Fissidens osmundioides (Sw.) Hepw. Meget sjelden og kun sparsomt indspreengt i Mosetuer. Kllesmere Land: Cape Viole, Glacier Valley og Lastreadalen. Arten har sin Nordgreendse over Spitzbergen. 83. Fissidens adiantoides (L.) Hepw. Meget sjelden, kun i den sydlige Del af det undersogte Landomraade og ligesom de foregaaende Arter kun som Bestanddel af tette Blan- dingstuer. Exemplarer er paavisle fra folgende 2 Steder. North Lincoln: Framfjord; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde. Denne Art er ligesom de foregaaende Arter Fissidens kun samlet i steril Tilstand. Dens tidligere kjendte Nordgreendse var ved 70° i Finmarken. Seligeriacee. 84. Seligeria polaris Berar. Forekommer paa vaade Stene og paa vaad Lerjord i oftest rene, indtil 3 cm. hgie, rigt frugtberende Tuer. 1898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 59 Exemplarer findes fra Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord, Havne- fjord (76° 30’ n. B.) og Renbugten; Ellesmere Land: Cape Rutherford. Arten er tidligere kjendt kun fra Spitzbergen. 85. Blindia acuta Hops. Sterile, dog rigelige, Exemplarer findes fra Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord; Ellesmere Land: Cape Viole, Glacier Valley, Lastreeadalen, Cape Rutherford og Mt. Kola-Paulsen. Arten er ogsaa kjendt fra Spitzbergen (Nordgreendse) og andre arktiske Egne. Ditrichaceex. 86. Ceratodon purpureus (L.) Brin. Denne Art, der findes omtrent overalt over hele Jorden, er ogsaa her i disse Egne overalt en af de mest almindelige Moser, dog som Regel steril. Med Frugt kun fra Gaasefjord (1 eneste Individ). 87. Ditrichum flexicaule (Scuveicun.) Hamre, Overalt meget almindelig under forskjellige Former og 1 rigelig Mengde, dog altid steril. Arten er almindelig udbredt ogsaa i andre arktiske Lande (Spitz- bergen, Novaja Semlja, Alaska, Sibirien o. s. v.). Neesten altid i Selskab med Distichium capillaceum. 88. Ditrichum glaucescens (Hepw.) Hampr. Sjelden og meget sparsomt forekommende i sterile Exemplarer som Bestanddel af Blandingstuer. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord og Gaasefjord; Ellesmere Land: Bedford Pim Isl.- Ogsaa i andre arktiske Egne sjelden, saaledes er dette Tilfeeldet paa Spitzbergen, Gronland og Alaska. 89. Distichium capillaceum (Sw.) Bryou. Eur. Er her, ligesom i alle ovrige arktiske hidtil undersogte Egne, al- mindelig overalt og ofte i rene, rigt frugtberende Tuer. 90. Distichium Hagenii Ryan. North Lincoln: Framfjord; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Moskusfjord og Gaasefjord; North Kent (300 M. o. H.); N. V. Gron- land: Foulkefjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Lastreadalen, Cape 60 N. BRYHN, [2ND ARC. EXP, FRAM Rutherford, Bedford Pim Isl., Skrellingoen, Beitstadfjorden samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen under 79° nordlig Bredde. Arten er tidigere kjendt kun fra Finmarken og Gronlands Vestkyst og dens tidligere kjendte Nordgreendse var ved omtrent 70°. 91. Distichium inclinatum (Euru.) Bryot. Eur. c. fr. Mindre almindelig og sparsomt indsprengt i Tuer af de 2 fore- gaaende Arter. Sikre Exemplarer findes fra folgende Steder. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Moskusfjord, Gaasetjord og Landsend; Borggen ved North Devon; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn og Glacier Valley. Arten findes ogsaa 1 Gronland og paa Spitzbergen. Pottiaces. 92. Pottia latifolia (Scuwer.) C. Mout. c. fr. Meget sjelden. Exemplarer findes kun fra Havnefjord og Gaase- fjord i Kong Oscars Land. Var. pilifera Brip. c. fr. Endnu mere sjelden, end Hovedarten, og kun fra Beitstadfjorden i Ellesmere Land. Arten er tidligere kjendt ogsaa fra andre rent arktiske Egne: Gron- land og Spitzbergen. 93. Pottia Heimii (Hepw.) Bryov. Eur. var. obtusifolia R. Br. Ikke almindelig og samlet kun i den sydlige Del af det undersogte Landomraade. Exemplarer findes fra folgende Steder. Kong Oscars Land: Moskusfjord og Gaasefjord; Borgoen ved North Devon; Cardigan Strait: Djavlesen. Alle disse Steder lig- ger under omtrent 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde. Arten forekommer, foruden i Nord- og Mellem-Europa, ogsaa paa Spitzbergen (Nordgreendse), Beeren Eiland, Gronland, Alaska, i Nordamerikas Forenede Stater, Chile (Andesbjergene) og 1 Sibirien. 94, Desmatodon suberectus (Drumm.) Limpr. Forekommer ikke sjelden, men sparsomt, paa vaad Jord eller paa Excrementer, altid med Erugt. Exemplarer findes fra felgende Steder. 1898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 61 Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Gaasefjord og Moskusfjord; North Devon; Cardigan Strait: Djevlesen; Ellesmere Land; Lastreadalen og Glacier Valley. Arten er tidligere kjendt fra Nord- og Mellem-Europa, Gron- land, Nordamerikas Forenede Stater, Sibirien og Spitzbergen, hvor den har sin Nordgrendse. 9. Desmatodon Jatifolius (Hepw.) Br. Eur. var. muticus Brip. Meget sjelden og kun i sterile Exemplarer fra Borgoen ved North Devon og fra Gaasefjord i Kong Oscars Land. Arten har sin Nordgrendse over Spitzbergen. 96. Desmatodon systylius Bryou. Eur. c. fr. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord; N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord ; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn under 78° 45’ nordlig Bredde. Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgreendse var ved 74° paa Gronlands @stkyst (Cape Mary). 97. Desmatodon Laureri Scrvttz c. fr. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord; Ellesmere Land: Beitstad- fjorden samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen. Nordgreendse over Spitzbergen. 98. Didymodon rubellus (Horr.) Bryot. Eur. Forekommende som en kortbladet Form er denne Art en af de mest almindelige Moser i disse Egne og hjembragt i mere eller mindre talrige Exemplarer fra ethvert undersogt Sted, dog kun paa faa Steder samlet med Frugt, nemlig paa folgende Steder i Ellesmere Land: Frams- havn og Beitstadfjorden samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen. Arten er ogsaa paa Spitzbergen samlet med Frugt. 99. Didymodon alpigena VENTURI. Synes at vere meget mindre almindelig, end foregaaende Art, men forekommer til Gjengjeld oftere i rene Tuer og som Regel med Frugt. Sikre Exemplarer findes fra folgende Steder. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn g Beitstadfjorden samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen under 79° nordlig Bredde. Artens tidligere angivne Nordgrendse var ved 74° paa Gronlands Ostkyst. 62 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM 100. Didymodon rufus LORENTZ. Synes at forekomme meget mere almindelig, end sidstnavnle Art, og neesten udelukkende i rene Tuer, dog altid i steril Tilstand. Exem- plarer findes fra folgende Steder. Vest-Gronland: Egedesminde; North Lincoln: Framfjord; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Gaasefjord og Moskusfjord; North Kent (300 M. o. H.); Ellesmere Land: mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen samt Beitstadfjorden under 79° nordlig Bredde. Artens tidligere angivne Nordgreendse var ved Rohss Fjord paa Gronlands @stkyst ved omtrent 73°. 101. Tortella tortuosa (L.) Liver, Ikke sjelden paa sumpig Jord. Rigelige Exemplarer i forholdsvis rene Tuer findes fra folgende Steder. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Renbugten, Gaasefjord, Excre- mentbugten og Landsend; North Kent; N. V. Grenland: Foulkefjord; Ellesmere Land: Lastreadalen og Beitstadfjorden samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen under 79° nordlig Bredde. Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgrandse var ved omtrent 70° 15’ i Finmarken og paa Gronlands Vestkyst. 102. TYortella fragilis (DRumM.) Limer. Ligeledes paa sumpig Jord og ikke sjelden; men meget mere spar- somt forekommende og nesten udelukkende som Bestanddel af tette Blandingstuer. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Moskusfjord, Gaasefjord og Syd- kapfjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Cape Rutherford, Cape Viole, Lastreadalen, Glacier Valley og Beitstadfjorden samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kela-Paulsen. Arten har sin Nordgreendse over Spitzbergen. 108. Aloina rigida (Hepw., Scauttz) Kinps. Yderst sjelden og yderst sparsomt samlet. Exemplarer findes kun fra Moskusfjord 1 Kong Oscars Land under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde, paa Lerjord. Herfra findes nogle faa Individer uden Frugt blandt andre Moser (Tortula mucronifolia og ru- ralis, Encalypta contorta og rhabdocarpa, Ceratodon purpureus og Arnellia). Tidligere ikke angiven for arktiske Lande. 1898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 63 104. Tortula mucronifolia Scuwenr. c. fr. Ikke sjelden paa Jord og Excrementer blandt andre Moser, iseer Arter af Encalypta, Didymodon eller Bryum. Kong Oscars Land: Havneljord, Moskusfjord, Gaasefjord, Vend- omkap og Landsend; Cardigan Strait: Djevleoen; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn og Beitstadfjorden samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola- Paulsen. Nordgrendse over Spitzbergen. 105. Tortula ruralis (L.) Exru. Denne Art er en af de allermest almindelige Moser i disse Egne og den er indsamlet paa ethvert af de undersogte Steder. Den voxer paa sumpig Jord og paa Berge i oftest rene, lige til 25 cm. dybe, Tuer. Exemplarer med Frugt kun fra Cape Viole 1 Ellesmere Land. Nordgreendse paa Spitzbergen ved 80° 10’. 106. Tortula aciphylla Bryou. Eur. Meget sjelden og i ringe Mengde. Kong Oscars Land: Moskusfjord og Gaasefjord, paa begge Steder under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde. Arten er ikke ny for arktisk Amerika, saasom den for er samlet paa Alaska. Dens tidligere kjendte Nordgreendse var ved omtrent 71° paa Novaja Semblja. Grimmiaces. 107. Schistidium apocarpum (L.) Bryot. Eur. Denne er i disse Egne saa almindelig, som neppe nogen anden Mose, paa de mest forskjellige Lokaliteter, paa torre Berge, fugtig Jord, i Sumpe eller flydende i Vand, og under mange forskjellige Former, oftest uden Haarspids paa Bladene. Den forekommer som Regel i rene, ofte 5—10 cm. dybe, Tuer, og ikke sjelden rigt frugtbeerende. Blandt de mere karakteristiske Varieteter kan naevnes folgende. Var. filiforme Linpe. Indsamlet paa torre Berge fra folgende Steder. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord og Sydkapfjord; North Devon: Havbestberget; Cardigan Strait: Djevlesen; Ellesmere Land: Skrellinggen. 64 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Var. ovatum Bryun var. nov. Differt e typo foliis humiditate haud rocurvatis, late ovatis (vulgo 0.8 & 1.5 mm.) obtusis vel breviter obtuseqve acuminatis. Denne nye Varietet ligner habituelt ganske Schistidium alpicola (Sw.) Liwpr., men er forskjellig fra denne ved Mangel paa Centralstreng i Stilken, de tilbagerullede Bladkanter og de mere eller mindre bugtede Bladceller. Exemplarer er samlede paa folgende Steder. North Lincoln: Framfjord; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn og Beitstadfjorden samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola- Paulsen, sandsynligvis overalt paa meget vaade Steder eller 1 Vand. Var. abrupticostatum Bryun var. nov. Differt e typo foliis late Janceolatis, obtusis, costa valida longe infra apicem foli desistente, capsula pallide-lutescenti, stomatibus perfecte evolutis nullis. Denne nye Varietet ligner i hoi Grad Schistidiwm lineare (CHAL.) Limpr., fra hvilken den adskilles ved de bredt tilbagerullede Bladkanter og de noget bredere Blade med Jangt nedenfor Bladspidsen pludselig op- horende Nerve. Rigelige Exemplarer fra Havnefjord i Kong Oscars Land, hvor Planten er samlet paa Stene i Bekke. 108. Schistidium gracile (Scu.) Liver. Meget mindre almindelig, end foregaaende Art, dog ikke sjelden og oftere med Frugt. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Moskusfjord, Gaasefjord og Vendomkap; Cardigan Strait: Djevlegen; Ellesmere Land: Frams- havn, Cape Rutherford, Cocked Hat Isl. og Beitstadfjorden samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen. Var. scabrius Bryun var. nov. Differt e typo foliis utraqve pagina dense et grosse mamillosis. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord; North Kent. Saavel Schistidiwm apocarpum som gracile har deres Nordgreendse over Spitzbergen ved omtrent 80° 40’. 109. Schistidium confertum (Funcx) Bryot. Eur. ec. fr. Exemplarer af denne Art findes i Samlingen kun fra Beifstadfjorden i Ellesmere Land, under 79° nordlig Bredde. 1898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 65 Arten er tidligere kjendt, foruden fra Europa og Nord- Amerika, ogsaa fra Abyssinien, Caucasus og Persien; men den er hidtil ikke angiven for noget arktisk Land. 110. Grimmia anodon Bryot. Eur. ce. fr. Rigelige og fuldt typiske Exemplarer findes fra Gaasefjord i Kong Oscars Land under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde. Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgreendse var ved 70° 10’ i Finmarken. Den er ogsaa samlet paa Gronlands @stkyst under omtrent 70° nord- lig Bredde. 111. Grimmia elongata Kautr. ec. fr, Rigelige Exemplarer af denne Art er samlet paa stenet Jord i Sel- skab med Schistidium apoparpum ved Beitstadfjorden i Ellesmere Land under omtrent 79° nordlig Bredde. Plantens tidligere kjendte Nordgreendse var ved 69—70° i Finmar- ken og paa Gronlands Vestkyst. 112. Grimmia ovata W. M. ec. fr. Denne Art findes i rene Tuer, men med mindre vel udviklet Frugt, fra flere Steder. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn og Bedford Pim Isl. under 78° 45’ nordlig Bredde. Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgreendse var ved 71°, paa Gronlands Ostkyst. 113. Grimmia torqvata Hornscu. st. Er samlet rigelig i rene Tuer paa flere Stederi Ellesmere Land: Glacier Valley, Cape Viole og Lastrzeadalen, under omtrent 78° 40’ nord- lig Bredde. Arten findes paa Gronlands @stkyst, hvor den hidtil ikke er sam- let nordenfor 72° 40’. 114. Rhacomitrium brevisetum Linps. c. fr. Yderst sjelden og samlet kun ved Beitstadfjorden i Ellesmere Land, under 79° nordlig Bredde, paa Bergveegge i Selskab med Schis- tidium gracile, Rhacomitrium lanuginosum, Hypnum revolutum, og Hylocomium proliferum. Denne meget sjeldne Plante er ny for Jordens vestlige Halvkugle og tidligere kjendt kun fra Sachalin under omtrent 52° nordlig Bredde. 5 _ 66 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC, EXP. FRAM 115. Rhacomitrium canescens WEIs st. Typiske Exemplarer findes fra Gaasefjord i Kong Oscars Land og fra North Kent (300 M. o. H.). Var. ericoides (Wes.) Bryot. Eur. Ellesmere Land: Framshavn. Var. prolixum Bryou. Eur. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord. Var. epilosum SCHLIEPH. Ellesmere Land: Bedford Pim Isl. Saavel Hovedarten, som Varieteterne, er samlet rigelig og i rene Tuer. Arten er paa Spitzbergen almindelig lige til 80° 40’ n, B. 116. Rhacomitrium Januginosum Exru. st. Blandt de mest almindelige Moser i disse Egne paa torre Berge. fuglig Jord og i Sumpe. Exemplarerne er i Almindelighed frodige, vel udviklede og ofte samlede i rene Tuer. Denne Art har en overmaade stor Udbredelse; den gjenfindes saa- ledes helt nede paa Tierra del Fuego og Kerguelen, og den trives lige godt i Javas og St. Helenas fugtige og varme Luft, som i den kolde og torre Luft paa Spitzbergen, hvor den gaar til Vegetationens Greendse vertikalt og horizontalt. Orthotrichacesx. 117. Amphidium lapponicum (HeEpw.) Scuimp. Sjelden og sparsomt forekommende paa fugtig Jord i Selskab med Cephalozia verrucosa og Ditrichum flexicaule. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord (c. fr.) og Isachsens Fjord; Ellesmere Land: Bedford Pim Isl. og Beitstadfjorden. Arten horer ogsaa paa Spitzbergen blandt de mere sjeldne Moser. 118. Orthotrichum speciosum Nexs c¢. fr. Temmelig sjelden paa Stene og Berge, oftest i Selskab med Hyp- num revolutum. Typiske Fxemplarer findes fra folgende Steder. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord og Gaasefjord; Ellesmere Land: Glacier Valley, Cape Rutherford og Skrellingsen samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen under 79° nordlig Bredde. 1898—1902. No. 11.] ' BRYOPHYTA., 67 . Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgreendse var ved omtrent 74° 35’ paa Gronlands Qstkyst. 119. Orthotrichum Killiasii C. M. ec. fr. Mere almindelig, end foregaaende, idet Exemplarer findes fra fol- gende talrige Steder. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Sydkapfjord og Gaasefjord ; North Devon: Havhestberget; North Lincoln: Framfjord; Elles- mere Land: Framshavn, Glacier Valley, Lastreeadalen, Cape Rutherford, Eskimopolis, Bedford Pim Isl. og Cocked Hat Isl. Fra de fleste af disse Steder findes der Exemplarer, der maa be- tragtes som Overgangsformer til foregaaende Art. Nordgrendse over S pitzbergen. 120. Orthotrichum Blyttii (Scuime.) Hacen var. polare Bryun var. nov. Differt e€ typo capsulis minoribus (capsula operculata sine collo vulgo 1.5 mm., cum collo 2 mm. longa), stomatibus uniseriatis, dentibus peristomii elimbatis et ciliolis papillosis. Denne nye Varietet synes at vere meget sjelden. Den findes i Samlingen kun fra N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord under 78° 20’ nord- lig Bredde, hvor den er samlet paa Stene og i Selskab med Schistidium opocarpum var filiforme. 121. Orthotrichum alpestre Hornscu. c. fr. Exemplarer findes kun fra Havnefjord og Gaasefjord i Kong Oscars Land under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde, hvor Plantan er samlet sparsomt paa Stene i Selskab med Orthotrichum speciosum og Tortula ruralis. . Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgreendse var ved 74° paa Beeren Eiland. Encalyptacee. 122. Encalypta commutata Bryot. GERM. Exemplarer findes fra North Lincoln: Framfjord; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Moskusfjord, Renbugten, Gaasefjord, Excrementbug- ten, Landsend og Isachsens Fjord; North Devon; Cardigan Strait: Djevilesen; North Kent; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Glacier Valley, Lastreadalen, Bedford Pim Isl. og Beitstadfjorden samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen. 68 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP.FRAM Voxer paa fugtig Jord eller paa Excrementer, ofte med Frugt og som Regel i Selskab med forskjellige Pottiaceer, Splachnaceer eller Bryum-Arter. Arten findes ogsaa, omend sparsomt, paa Spitzbergen, Beeren Eiland, Grenland og Alaska: 123. Encalypta vulgaris (Hepw.) Horrm. ec. fr. Meget sjelden paa stenet fugtig Jord blandt Ditrichum flexicaule og Distichium capillaceum. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord uader 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde. Var. pilifera Scuimp. Ogsaa Varieteten findes kun fra Gaasefjord. Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgreendse var ved 70° 25’ i Fin- marken. 124. Hncealypta rhabdocarpa Scuwer. Iseer i den sydlige Del af de undersogte Egne almindelig og oftest med rigelig Frugf. North Lincoln: Framfjord; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Moskusfjord, Sydkapfjord og Excrementbugten; North Devon: Hav- hestberget og Borgsen; N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Lastreadalen, Skrellinggen, Beitstadfjorden samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen. Var. pilifera (Funcx) Bryou. Eur. Varieteten findes kun fra Gaasefjord og Sydkapfjord 1 Kong Oscars Land. Arten har Nordgreendse over Spitzbergen ved omtrent 80°. 125. Encalypta apophysata Bryov. Germ. Sjelden og kun i den sydlige Del af det undersogte Landomraade. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord (c. fr.), Gaasefjord (c. fr.) og Renbugten under 76° 40’ nordlig Bredde, hvor Planten er samlet rige- lig og i rene Tuer. Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgrandse var ved 74° 20’ paa Gron- lands QOstkyst. 126. Encalypta contorta (Wutr.) Hoppr. Sjelden og kun i enkelte sterile Individer indspreengt i Mosetuer. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord og Gaasefjord; North Devon: Havhestberget og Borgoen; Cardigan Strait: Djevleoen; Ellesmere 1898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 69 Land: Cape Rutherford og Bedford Pir: Isl. samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen under 79° nordlig Bredde. Tidligere kjendte Nordgraendse var omtrent ved 70° 30! paa Gron- lands Qstkyst. 127. Encalypta procera Brucu c. fr. Vakre og sikre Exemplarer findes fra folgende Steder. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord og Gaasefjord; North Kent (300M. o. H,); Ellesmere Land: mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen under 79° nordlig Bredde, overalt sparsomt indspraengt i Mosetuer. Arten er kjendt ogsaa fra Gronland og Spitzbergen. Splachnaceex. 128. Voitia hyperborea Grev. & Arn. c. fr. Paa Excrementer af Ren og Polaroxe, oftest blandet med Tetra- plodon mnioides, Haplodon Wormskjoldii, forskjellige Arter Bryum, Orthothecium chryseum og strictum, Didymodon rubellus og alpigena. Exemplarer, tildels rigelige, findes fra Kong Oscars Land: Havne- fjord, Moskusfjord, Gaasefjord og Landsend; Ellesmere Land: Beit- stadfjorden samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen under 79° nordlig Bredde. Arten findes forovrigt paa Spitzbergen, Novaja Semlja, Gron- land og Melville @, 129. Taylorita acuminata (Scueicu.) Hornscu. c. fr. Meget sjelden paa sumpig Jord, indspreengt i Mosetuer. Exemplarer findes kun folgende 2 Steder. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, i Sel- skab med Brachythecitum salebrosum, Camptothecium nitens, Ortho- thecium chryseum, Timmia austriaca og norvegica, Bryum oeneum og arcticum, Tortula ruralis, Philonitis alpicola og andre; Elles- mere Land: Beitstadfjorden under 79° nordlig Bredde i Selskab med Bryum cirratum. Arten findes ikke tidligere angiven for arktiske Lande. 130. Tetraplodon mnioides (Sw.) Bryox. Eur. e: fr. Paa Excrementer og Cadavere, ofte i rene Tuer, 1 disse Egne lige- saa almindelig, som i alle ovrige hidli! undersagte arktiske Lande. 131. Tetraplodon pallidus Hacen c. fr. Paa lignende Underlag, som foregaaende, og oftest 1 Selskab med denne eller med Voitia eller Haplodon. 70 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord; Ellesmere Land: Glacier Valley, Cape Rutherford og Eskimopolis samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen under 79° nordlig Bredde. Exemplarer fra samtlige Steder er fuldstaendig congruente med Ori- ginalexemplarer fra Norge. 152. Haplodon Wormskjoldii (Horn.) Linps. I Sumpe paa Excrementer og Cadavere her ligesaa almindelig fore- kommende, som i alle andre hidtil undersogte arktiske Lande, oftest rigt frugtberende og i mere eller mindre rene Tuer. 133. Splachnum vasculosum L. Meget sjelden og kun steril. North Devon: Havhestberget i 10 Cm. dybe Tuer, paa Excremen- ter, i Selskab med Haplodon; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, her lige- ledes paa Excrementer, i Selskab med Hypnum polycarpon. Nordgrendse over Spitzbergen ved 80° 20’. Funariacee. 134. Funaria polaris Bryun sp. nov. Autoica. Ceespitosa, ceespitibus luteo-viridibus, humilibus. Caulis brevis, vix ultra 5 mm. altus, nigrescens, inferne radicellosus. Folia siccitate parum mutata, difficile emollita, humiditate erecto- patentia, inferiora parva et sparsa, coronalia in gemmam densam con- gesta, carinato-concava, ovato-lanceolata, acumine subrecurvo acute acu- minata, marginibus planis, elimbatis et integerrimis, coronalia circiter 1.5 mm. lata et duplo longiores. Costa tenuis, basi 0.04 mm. lata, luteo-fuscescens, cum apice evanida, leevissima. , Cellule foliares hexagono-rectangule, parce, chlorophylliferze, apica- les hexagone, basilares laxiores rectangule, inanes, omnes levissime. Seta tenuis, ad 20 mm. usqve alta, sicca et humida flexuosa, apice arcuato, ztate erecta, pallide lutea, cetate fuscescens, sinistrorsum torta. Theca inclinata vel demissa, etate erecta, leniter obliqva, subsym- metrica, pyriformis, cum collo 2.5 mm. longa et 1 mm. crassa, collo sporangio eqvilongo, leniter striata, lutea, atate fusca. Annulus compositus (triplex), facile revolubilis, 0.065 mm. latus, purpureus. 1898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 71 Peristomium, longe sub orificio nascens, simplex. Dentes, ab externo visi, dextrum versus obliqvati in tholum depressum conniventes, circiter 0.38 mm. longi et 0.065 mm. lati, lanceolato-subulati, inferne dense alteqve lamellati, flavo-rufescentes, apice hyalini, dense papillosi. Spori 0.015 mm. magni, ochracei, leves. Operculum conicum, diametro 0.5 mm. latum, luteum, margine pur- pureum, cellulis in spiram dispositis. Species optima e congeneribus proximis Funaria cqvidente et Funaria kashmirensi notis supra relatis satis superqve diversa. Denne vakre og karakteristiske nye Art er samlet 1 rigelige Exem-, plarer, men kun paa et eneste Sted: Havnefjord i Kong Oscars Land, under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde. Planten voxer her paa fugtig Jord i Sel- skab med Tortula mucronifolia, Leptobryum pyriforme, Brachythe- cium salebrosum var. turgidum, Bryum ventricosum, globosum, pen- dulum og nitidulum var. fenestratum. 135. Funaria hygrometrica (L.) Situ. var. arctica Breer. Blandt de mest sjeldne Moser og dertil meget sparsomt forekom- mende. Kong Oscars Land: Stenkulsfjorden og Gaasefjord paa fuglig Lerjord i Selskab med Desmatodon suberectus og Pottia Heimii var. obtusifolia. Denne Varietet er tidligere kjendt fra Spitzbergen, Sibirien, Klondyke og Gronland. Bryacex. 136. Mielichhoferia Porsildii Hacen. Denne hidtil lidet kjendte Plante voxer i Bergspreekker eller paa sumpig Jord, enten i rene Tuer eller i Selskab med andre Moser, f. Ex. Mnium affine, Timmia bavarica, Tortula ruralis, Amblystegium fili- cinum var. curvicaule. Exemplarer findes i Samlingen fra folgende Steder. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord og Gaasefjord (c. fr.); North Devon: Havhestber- get; Ellesmere Land: Eskimopolis, under 78° 50‘ nordlig Bredde. Arten er tidligere kjendt kun fra Disko i Vest-Gronland, under omtrent 69° 30’ nordlig Bredde. 72 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM 137. Leptobryum pyriforme (L.) Scum. Ikke sjelden og ofte i rigt frugtberende rene Tuer. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord og Gaasefjord; N. V. Gron- land: Foulkefjord: Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Beitstadfjorden samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen under 79° nordlig Bredde. Planten horer paa Spitzbergen blandt de mest sjeldne Moser. 138. Anomobryum concinnatum (Spruce) Lips. st. Findes kun fra Cape Rutherford i Ellesmere Land under 78° 50’ nordlig Bredde. Planten er paa dette Sted samlet yderst sparsomt paa sumpig Jord blandt Blepharostoma trichophyllum, Cephalozia verrucosa, Didymo- don rubellus, Bryum tomentosum og confluens, Myurella julacea og Campylium stellatum. Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgreendse var over Disko (Vest-Gron- land) under omtrent 69° 30’. 139. Plagiobryum demissum (H. & H.) Linps. c. fr. Meget sjelden paa sumpig Jord i Selskab med Sphenolobus minu- tus, Didymodon rubellus, Bryum pendulum, Cinclidium polare, Co- nostomum boreale, Timmia norvegica, Mnium affine, Orthothecium chryseum og andre Moser. Exemplarer findes kun fra Foulkefjord i N. V. Gronland og fra Lastreadalen 1 Ellesmere Land under omtrent 78° 45’ nordlig Bredde. Tidligere kjendte Nordgreendse var ved 70° paa Gronlands QOstkyst. 140. Webera cruda (L.) Brucu. Denne horer blandt de mest almindelige Moser i disse Egne og er samlet paa ethvert af de undersogte Steder. Arten voxer her oftest paa sumpig Jord og findes ikke sjelden med vel udviklet Frugt. 141. Webera nutans (Scures.) Hepw. Omtrent ligesaa almindelig, som foregaaende Art, dog sjeldnere med Frugt. 142. Webera commutata Scum. Meget mindre almindelig, end de to foregaaende Arter, og ikke samlet med Frugt. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord og Renbugten; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Bedford Pim Isl. (6%) og Eskimopolis. 1898— 1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 73 Var. flum Bryot. Eur. N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord (¢ & o); Ellesmere Land: Beit- stadfjorden. Alle disse 3 Arter Webera naar paa Spitzbergea til Vegetationens yderste Nordgreendse. 143. Bryum autumnale Liner. c. fr. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord (i Selskab med Bryum pendu- lum og compactum), Renbugten (i Selskab med Brywm pallens og ventricosum), Gaasefjord (i Selskab med Bryum pendulum, arcticum og ventricosum); Ellesmere Land: Glacier Valley under 78° 45’ nordlig Bredde (i Selskab med Bryum pendulum og confluens). Arten er tidligere kjendt kun fra Norge (Dovre og Finmarken). 144. Bryum globosum Lino. c. fr. Sjelden paa Lerjord eller paa Excrementer, og kun fra Kong _ Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Sydkapfjord og Moskusfjord. Paa det forstneevnte Sted fandtes Planten i Selskab med Ceratodon purpureus, Tetraplodon mnioides, Tortula mucronifolia og ruralis, Funaria polaris, Haplodon Wormskjoldii, Bryum pallens, ventrico- sum, pendulum og nitidulum. Paa det sidstneevnte Sted i Selskab med’ Voitia hyperborea, Tetraplodon mnioides, Encalypta commutata, Bryuin calophyllum, arcticum, tomentosum og pendulum. Arten er forovrigt kjendt fra Spitzbergen, Gronland, Sibirien og Norge. 145. Bryum lacustre Buanp. c. fr. Sjelden paa sumpig Jord og paa Excrementer. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn under 78° 45’ nordlig Bredde i Selskab med Voitia hyperborea, Disti- chium Hagenii, Pottia Heimti var. obtusifolia, Desmatodon suberec- tus samt Orthothecium chryseum og strictum. Tidligere kjendte Nordgreendse for denne Art var ved 74° over Beeren Hiland. 146. Bryum hyperboreum Bryun & Ryan sp. nov. Cespites densi, circiter 1 cm. alti, intus terra limoso-arenacea obruti, superne luteo-virides. Surculus pluries divisus, tomento pallide fusco papilloso dense obtectus. 74 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Caulis 0.2 mm. crassus, rufus. Folia caulina non decurrentia, siccitate adpressa, apice torta, humi- ditate erecto-patentia; infima in tomento occulta remota, minuta. lanceo- lata, margine plano, seriebus cellularum duabus limbato, costa sub apice evanida, supra mediam innovationem subito majora, comam polyphyllam formantia; comalia inferiora ovata, concava, breviter acuminata; superiora ad insertionem vinoso-rubra, sensim longiora longiusqve acuminata, ovato-lanceolata, 2.2 mm. longa et 0.9—1 mm. lata, apice acuto, mar- gine late revoluto cellularum seriebus qvatuor limbato. Cellulz foliorum basilares rectangule, 0.05—0.07 & 0.02—0.025 mm. magne, angulares ovales fuscescentes, illee folii superioris hexagone, margines versus sensim longiores et angustiores; parietes cellularum valde incrassate, collenchymatice, trigonis maxime conspicuis. Costa foliorum mediocriter valida, basi fusca, ceterum viridi-lutea, in foliis supremis in cuspidem integram fuscescentem summo apice hyalinam excurrens. Folia innovationum caulinis minora, adpressa, brevius cuspidata, costa haud excurrenti, margine plana elimbata. Folia perichetialia e basi lato sensim lanceolata, externa costa excurrente cuspidata, intima minora semicostata, omnia margine plana et elimbata. Inflorescentia synoica. Archegonia pauca; antheridia numerosa, 0.4 mm. longa, rosea; paraphyses numerose, roseole, apice lutescentes. Seta tenuis, rubro-fuscescens, 9—12 mm. alta. Capsula subregularis, pendula, deoperculata 3 mm. longa et 1.5 mm. crassa, obovata, fusca, opaca vel subnitens, sicca longitudinaliter rugu- losa et foveolata, sub orificio haud angustata. Collum duas tertias cap- sule longum, curvatum, contra setam sensim attenuatum, siccitate plica- tum et contra sporangium constrictum. Cellule exothecii irregulares, marginales in seriebus 2—3 parve, pachydermatice, rotundate, transverse rectangule vel qvadrate, sub- marginales in seriebus nonnullis majores multangule et qvadrate, cetera: qvadrate, rectangulz, trigone vel ovales, parietibus sinuosis et irregula- riter incrassatis; etiam ille colli irregulares, qvadrate, rectangule, trans- verse rectangule vel trigonee, Stomata ovalia, 0.04 mm. magna. Operculum conicum, fuscescens, 0.32 mm. altum. Annulus duplex—triplex, 0.09 mm. latus, revolubilis. Exostomii dentes approximati, e fundo aurantio-badio, rotundato, 0.32 rom. longi, basi 0.08—0.09 mm. lati, siccitate erecti apicibus obtusis incurvis, firmi, badii, summo parte tertia lutescenti, luteo-limbati, limbo 1898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 75 papilloso et crenulato; scutula breviter rectangula, subtilissime striato- punctata, suturis optime conspicuis, mediana recta; lamellae circiter 20, intervallis eqvimagnis, alte, margine libero medio impressee, inter se libere. Endostomium liberum, lutescens, minutissime punctulatum; mem- brana basilaris 0.1 mm. alta; processus lineares, usqve ad fundum peri- stomil rimosi. Cilia rudimentaria. Spori lutescentes, 0.028—0.032 mm. magni. Denne nye Art tilhorer Inclinatumgruppen, om den ogsaa minder noget om Hemisynapsium. Arten er karaktertstisk ved de faste, brede, i den nedre ?/3 redbrune Peristomtander, ved de yderst smale Processer, der er spaltede helt ned til Peristomets Basis, som ved Bladenes, specielt ved Cellehjornerne, steerkt fortykkede Celler. Forekommer paa Jord eller paa Excrementer og synes at vere meget sjelden. Sparsomme Exemplarer findes fra Kong Oscars Land: Moskusfjord og Gaasefjord under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde. Paa det forste Sted 1 Selskab med Brywm oeneum, pendulum, arcticum og palles- cens, Voitia, Arnellia og andre Arter. Paa det andet Sted sammen med Brywm glomeratum, Ceratodon, Distichium Hagenii og Orthothe- cium chryseum. , 147. Bryum groenlandicum ARNELL. Sparsomme Exemplarer findes fra kun et eneste Sted. Ellesmere Land: Cocked Hat Isl. under 78° 45’ nordlig Bredde. Arten er tidligere kjendt fra Gronlands @stkyst (Cape Stewart) under 70° 30’ nordlig Bredde. 148. Bryum inclinatum (Sw.) Bryot. Eur. Nogenlunde typiske Exemplarer kun fra folgende ganske faa Steder. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord; Ellesmere Land: Eskimopo- lis og Skrellinggen. Findes ogsaa angiven for Spitzbergen, Gronland og andre ark- tiske Egne. 149. Bryum Jaxirete Bryan & Ryan. sp. nov. Ceespites molles, circiter 3 cm. alti, intus fuscescentes, superne virides. Surculus sparsifoliatus, innovationes subcomales plures, foliis inferne remotis parvis, apice majoribus congestis, instructas. emittens, tomentum intricatum dense grosseqve papillosum proferens. 76 N. BRYHN. [2xp. ARC, EXP. FRAM Caulis ruber, 0.4—0.6 mm. crassus, pentagono-rotundatus, fasciculo centrali bene definito, 0.05—0.1 mm. crasso et fasciculis stereidarum tribus e costis foliorum decurrentibus formatis instructus; rete interme- dium laxum, tenue, rubrum, circum fasciculum centralem e cellnlis ma- joribus leptodermibus, ceterum e cellulis minoribus magis incrassatis constructum. Folia caulina mollia, humiditate erecto-patentia, siccitate vario modo torta, accrescenlia, haud decurrentia, e basi angusto viridi lanceolata, sensim in apicem plus minus longum, dentibus obtusatis angulo recto exsertis dentatum, contracta, margine plus minusve reflexa vel revoluta et seriebns 1—3 cellularum etate fuscescentium limbata. Folia coronalia in comam grandifoliam congesta, summa 3 mm. longa, angusta lanceolata, in apicem acutum dentatum 0.45 mm. longum sensim angustate, margine revoluta et limbata. Cellule foliares leptodermes, parietibus etate lutescentibus, basilares reclangule, 0.1 mm. longe et 0.02 mm. late, in cetero folio hexagono- rhombez, 0.06—0.08 mm. longe et 0.022 mm. late. Costa basi 0.09 mm. lata, sensim attenuata, longe decurrens, luteo- | fuscescens, in foliis mediis in apice vel cum eo desinens, in summis in cuspidem dentatam excurrens, dorso valde prominens, cellulis dorsalibus turgidis, ducibus 4, fasciculo stereidarum valido fusco. Folia perichetialia e basi lato in apicem tenieformem, flexuosum, grosse dentatum 0.9 mm. longum, sensim angustata, costa sub apice evanida, intima margine plana et elimbata. Inflorescentia synoica, floribus femineis raris. Archegonia 0.57—0.6 mm. longa, pauca; antheridia 0.3 mm. longa, rufescentes; paraphyses longiores, crass, hyaline vel lutescentes. Seta tenuis, fuscescens, 2—2.5 cm. longa, apice hamato pallidior. Capsula pendula, deoperculata ad 4 mm. usqve longa et circiter 1 mm. crassa. Collum sporangio zqvilongum, curvatum. lutescens, in sicco contra sporangium constrictum, plicatum, in setam sensim attenu- atum, cellulis epidermicis irregularibus, plurimis qvadratis et elongato- rectangulis cum transverse rectangulis et rotundatis, parietibus sinuosis, mixtis, stomatibus oblongis, 0.048 mm. longis, poro ovali. Sporangium collo zqvilongum, anguste obovatum, dorso alto gibbosum, lutescens, state fuscescens, in sicco sub ore haud contractum, cellulis epidermicis iregulariter rotundato-qvadratis vel rotundato-rectangulis, parietibus sinuosis, marginalibus in seriebus 5—6 paullo latioribus qvam longi- oribus. 1898—1906, No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 77 Exostomii dentes erecti, apice inflexi, e fundo flavo, 0.045 mm. alto, subtus bene definito, 0.8 mm. longi et basi 0.66—0.07 mm. lati, lineari- lanceolati, ipso apice obtusi, flavo-fuscescentes, summa tertia lutescentes, papilloso-punctulati. Lamellee circiter 18, leniter arcuate, inter se liberee, margine limbate. Scutula qvadrata subtilissime punctulata, suturis di- stinctis vix papillosis, mediana pene recta, Endostomium ab exostomio liberum; membrana basilaris tenuis- sima, lutescens, vix punctulata, 0.15 mm. alta; processus lineares, secus carinam rimis angustis pertusi, exostomio breviores. Cilia nulla. Annulus flavus, triplex—qvadruplex, difficile solubilis. Operculum conicum, basi 0.65 mm. latum, sporangio concolor. Spori fuscescentes, 0.022—0.0275 mm. magni, punctati. Denne nye Art ligner i Kapselform paafaldende Bryum arcuatum og Bryum arcticum, men horer paa Grund af Peristomets Bygning til Inclinatumgruppen. Fra alle andre Arter i denne Gruppe er den forskjellig blandt andet ved den ufarvede Bladgrund, den langt nedlo- bende Bladnerve, den eiendommelige Bladspids og den lange krumme Kapselhals. Exemplarer findes fra Havnefjord og Gaasefjord i Kong Oscars Land, under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde. Den voxer paa sumpig Jord, sparsomt i Selskab med Bryum pendulum, Riccardia pingvis, Cincli- dium polare, Philonotis alpicola, Aulacomnium acuminatum og Amblystegium filicinum var. curvicaule. 150. Bryum terrestre Hacen. Exemplarer findes fra folgende Steder. Kong Oscars Land: Moskusfjord og Gaasefjord; N. V. Gron- land: Foulkefjord under 78° 20’ nordlig Bredde. Arten er tidligere kjendt kun fra Cape Bennet paa Gronlands Ostkyst under 73° 30’ nordlig Bredde og under Navn af Bryum Dusénit ARNELL. 151. Bryam minus ARNELL. Exemplarer findes fra folgende Steder. Kong Oscars Land: Sydkapfjord og Gaasefjord; Ellesmere Land: Bedford Pim Isl., under 78° 40‘ nordlig Bredde. Arten er tidligere kjendt kun fra Hurry-Inlet paa Gronlands @st- kyst under 70° 40’ nordlig Bredde. id N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM 152. Bryum Jiliputanum Bryun & Ryan sp. nov. Ceespites densi, 4—5 mm. tantnm alti, intus fusci, superne etate lutescentes. Surculus brevis, inferne subnudus, foliis versus apicem congestis, innovationibus penicelliformibus ramosus, tomento rubro-fusco verrucoso denso_vestitus. Folia caulina accrescentia, comalia subito “majora, humiditate con- cavo-carinata, erecto-patentia, apice subrecurva, e basi viridi angusto haud decurrente ovato-lanceolata, 1.5 mm. longa et 0.45 mm. lata, in cuspidem brevem denticulatam angustata, margine plus minusve reflexo seriebus duabus cellularum incrassatarum lutescentium optime limbata. Cellnle foliares incrassatee, parietibus lutescentibus, basilares elon- gato-rectangule circiter 0.07 mm. longe et 0.02 mm. late, per totum folium caeterum rhomboidee vel hexagono-rhomboidee circiter 0.04 mm. longe et 0.02 mm. late. Costa fohorum valida, rubescenti-fuscescens, in apice dissoluta vel in cuspidem excurrens, Folia pericheetialia intima breviora qvam caulina coronalia breviter mucronata, margine plano elimbata. Inflorescentia synoica; antheridia pauca, brevi-pedunculata, ovalia, 0.25 mm. longa; archegoma item pauca. Seta tenuis, 6—7 mm. longa, inferne flava, superne lutescens, apice arcuata. Capsula pendula, deoperculata 1.7 mm. longa et 0.75 mm. crassa. Collum 0.7 mm. longum, curvatum, contra sporangium humiditate haud attenuatum, siccitate constrictum, in setam defluens, plicatum, epidermide e cellulis fere uniformibus qvadrato-rectangulis formato, stomatibus satis numerosis ovalibus, 0.033 mm. longis. Sporangium ad orificium 0.48 mm. diametro latum, obovatum, siccitate ovale, flavum, subnitens, sub orificio haud constrictum, cellulis epidermicis valde incrassatis, parietibus earum haud flexuosis, plurimis elongato-rectangulis, submarginalibus in seriebus duabus qvadratis, marginalibus in seriebus duabus transverse rectangulis. Exostomi dentes prope orificium affixi ad insertionem aurantium, siccitate in tholum conniventes, 0.26 mm. longi et basi 0.05 mm. lati, spatio 0.02—0.04 mm. inter se remoti, aurantii, versus apicem lutescentes, sublaves, sensim attenuati, mediocriter late limbati; scutula inferiora qvadrata, dense punctata, suturis distinctis, mediana pene recta; la- mella alte, 12—16, normaliter efformate, inter se liber inqve eadem distantia remote. 1898— 1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 79 Endostomium liberum; membrana basilaris 0.1 mm. alta, pallide lutescens, vix papillosa; processus lanceolati, papillosi, carinati. inferne foraminibus oblongis, seepe confluentibus, secus carinam pertusi. . Cilia rudimentaria. Spori 0.024—0.026 mm. magni, lutescentes, papillulosi. Cetera ignota. Denne nye Art tilhorer Inclinatumgruppen. Den udmerker sig ved alle Deles Dvergagtighed, ved Kapselens Form, hvilken i tor Tilstand minder om Bryum arcticum, ved de smale, langt adskildte, Yderteender, de med fortykket Randsom forsynede Blade og ved de hos denne Gruppe sjelden forekommende kvadratiske Rygskjolde. Fra Brywm minus adskilles den let ved Kapselens Form og den boiede Hals, ved de tydeligt kantede Peristomtander og de regelmessige Lameller. Exemplarer findes kun fra et eneste Sted, nemlig Havnefjord i Kong Oscars Land under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde. hvor Planten er samlet meget sparsomt indblandet blandt Distichium capillaceum, Bryum arcticum, Brywm parvum og Orthothecium chryseum. 153. Bryum parvum Bryun & Ryan sp. nov. Ceespites densi, 6 mm. alti, luteo-fusci, summo apice virides. Sureulus erectus, pluries innovando ramosus, tomento luteo-fusco papilloso dense vestitus; innovationes 2 mm. longi, inferne tomentose foliis destitute, apice folia pauca gerens. Caulis ruber. Folia caulina accrescentia, haud decurrentia, infima in tomento occulta remota, parva, 0.4 mm. longa, rubra, ovato-triangularia, breviter acuminata, margine plano elimbata, costa tenui ad medium vel nulla; folia caulina media a basi rubro ovato lanceolata, longius acuminata, margine plano elimbata, costa sub apicem evanida; folia suprema cari- nata, siccitate conniventes apicibus tortis, humiditate stricto-erecta, non decurrentia, 1.8 mm. Jonga et 0.4 mm. lata, e basi vinoso angusto an- guste lanceolata, e folio medio subito in aristam 0.45 mm. longam, flexuosulam, grosse dentatam contracta, margine versus apicem dentata, ceterum integerrima, late recurvata et seriebus cellularum 2—3 incras- satarum limbo distincto cincta. Cellule foliares leptodermes, basilares rectangule, 0.04—0.06 mm. long et 0.01—0.013 mm. late, parietibus pulchre rubris, mediz et su- periores rhomboideo-hexagone 0.03—0.05 mm. long et 0.012 mm. late, 80 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM parietibus etate lutescentibus, marginales lineares, parietibus incrassatis luteolis. Costa foliorum in caulem decurrens, basi rubra, 0.084 mm. crassa, ceterum lutea vel fusco-lutescens, in foliis supremis longe excurrens. Folia perichetialia externa e basi lato anguste lanceolata, 1.5 mm. longa et 0.37 mm. lata apice longo levi seteeformi, interna breviora, ovato-lanceolata, apice dentato, margine plana et elimbata. Inflorescentia synoica; antheridia pauca; atchegonia numerosa; para- physes lutescentes, inferne rufescentes, Seta tenuis, 0.1 mm. crassa, rufo-fuscescens, circiter 7 mm. longa, apice arcuata. Capsula horizontalis—nutans subcano-fuscescens, deoperculata 1.15 mm. longa; collum crassum, 0.45 mm. longum in setam defluens, siccitate contra sporangium constrictum plicatumqve, cellulis epidermicis regulari- bus, qvadratis, stomatibus ovalibus 0.035 mm. longis; sporangium obo- vatum, sub orificio haud contractum, state late hians, fere urceolata, cellulis epidermicis regularibus qvadratis vel breviter rectangulis, parie- tibus illarum parum incrassatis nec flexuosis, marginalibus in serie una transverse rectangulis, minoribus. Peristomium 0.24 mm. altum, prope orificium affixum. Exostomi dentes luteoli, ad basin latitudine ineqvales, 0.033—0.055 mm. lati, sensim in apicem subobtusum lutescentem subleevem attenuati, distincte et late limbati; scutula qvadrata dense punctata, suturis trans- versalibus distinctis, mediana subtilissima, recta; lamellae remote, S—10, liberee inter se, normaliter evolutee. Endostomium lutescens, leve, liberum, exostomio haud adherens; membrana 0.09 mm. alta; processus lanceolati, dentibus breviores, secus carinam rimoso-pertusi. Cilia desunt. Spor fusco-lutescentes, 0.022 mm. magni, dense papillulosi. Tilhorende Inclinationsgruppen udmerker denne usedvanlig dvergagtige Art sig blandt andet ved Bladenes lange borsteformige Spids, ved den i eldre Tilstand nesten begerformede Kapsel, Peristo- mets ringe Hoide og Lamellernes Faatallighed. Exemplarer findes kun fra Havnefjord i Kong Oscars Land (76° 30 n. B.), sparsomt i de samme Mosetuer, som foregaaende Art (Bryum liliputanum). 1898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTIA. 81 154. Bryum brachythecium Bryun & Ryan. sp. nov. Ceespites densi, 8—10 mm. alti, intus terra limoso-arenacea obruti, superne leete virentes. Surculus valde ramosus, innovationes numerosas et steriles imbri- catim foliatas et fertiles inferne foliis remotissimis, apice congestis co- mantibus, instructas emitlens, tomentum intricatum flavo-fuscescentem papillulosum uberrime proferens. Caulis rubro-lutescens. Folia caulina siccitate adpressa, humiditate erecto-patentia, apice subrecurva, basi virides, haud decurrentia, ovato-lanceolata, breviter acu- minata, 0.9--1 mm. longa et 0.45 mm. lata, margine plana vel in sum- mis leniter recurva, limbo cellularnm seriebus 1—2 lutescentium incras- satarum circumcincta. ; Folia comalia concavo-carinata, ovata vel ovato-lanceolata, haud de- currentia, 1.2—1.45 mm. longa et 0.65 mm. lata, sensim in apicem levem mediocriter longum angustata, costa in apice dissoluta instructa, margine reflexo cellularum seriebus 1—2 elongatarum limbata. Cellule foliares plurime hexagone-rhombee, 0.05—0.07 mm. longe et 0.015—0.2 mm. late, basilares breviter rectangulo-rhombee, parietibus haud rubris, mediocriter incrassatis lutescentibus. In foliis comalibus cellule angulares nonnulle ovales fuscescentes adsunt. Costa mediocriter valida, fusco-lutescens, nunqvam excurrens. Folia innovationum sterilium et siccitate et humiditate adpresso-im- bricata, densa, concavo-carinata, apice rubrecurvo, ovata, breviter, acum1- nata, 0.55 mm. longa et 0.35 mm, lata, margine plana, limbo nullo cincta, cellulis folii dimidii inferioris rectangulo-qvadratis, superioris dimidii rec- tangulo-rhombeis. Folia perichetialia intima breviora qvam comalia, margine plana et elimbata, costa in apice desinente instructa. Inflorescentia synoica. Nec desunt flores masculi in innovationibus brevibus subcomalibus. Archegonia pauca, 0.45 mm. longa; antheridia etiam pauca, oblonga brevi-pedunculata, 0.35 mm. longa; paraphyses lutescentes, basi rufescenti. Seta 5—6 mm. longa, crassiuscula, inferne rufo-fuscescens, superne pallidior, apice hamata. Capsula pendula, seta adpressa, lutescens, etate luteo-fuscescens, | opaca, deoperculata 1.2—1.5 mm. longa et 0.73—0.75 mm. crassa; col- lum 0.48—0.6 mm. longum, crassum, latere versus setam spectante leni- ter gibbosum; coloris sporangii, contra sporangium haud constrictum, 6 82 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM contra setam abrupte desinens, siccitate haud mutatum, cellulis epider- micis qvam maxime irregularibus, rotundatis, multangulis, qvadratis, rec- tangulis et variis, parietibus illarum valde flexuosis, stomatibus satis numerosis, irregularibus, plurimis ovalibus, 0.044 mm. longis; sporangium obovatum, medium siccitate paullulum angustatum, etate late hians, fere urceolatum; exothecii cellule ob parietes valde undulatos admodum irre- gulares, ovales, multangule, qvadrate et rectangule inter se mixte, marginales in seriebus duabus minores qvadratce vel transverse rec- tangule. Exostomii dentes siccitate erecti, apicibus inflexis, fundo rufo-fusces- centi, 0,044 mm. alto cribroso, deorsum irregulariter prolongato, 0.38 mm. longi et 0.06—0.07 mm. lati, dimidio inferiore lineares, dein sensim an- gustati, aurantii, summa tertia lutescenti, limbo indistincto circumditi, dense papilluloso-punctulati; scutula qvadrata subtilissime punctulata, suturis conspicuis, mediana angulata; lamelle circiter 12, inter se seqva- liter remote et liber, margine posteriore medio leniter impresse. Endostomium exostomio haud adnatum, flavescens; membrana 0.11 mm. alta, subtilissime punctata; processus breviores qvam dentes, anguste lanceolati, foraminibus anguslis rimeformibus secus carinam pertusi. Cilia rudimentaria. Spori 0.022—0.027 mm. magni, luteo-fuscescentes, subtile papillulosi. Cetera ignota. Denne Art henhgrer ogsaa uden Tvivl blandt Inclinatumgrup- pens i de arktiske Egne vistnok overordentlig talrige Arter, uagtet den ogsaa ved de svagt dobbeltbuede Lameller minder om Hemisynapium- gruppen. Blandt Inclinationsgruppens Arter ligner den ved sin ringe Storrelse mest Brywm liliputanum og Bryum parvum. Fra den forste adskilles den let ved den forskjellige Bladform, Bladnerve, Kapselhals og det forskjellige Kapselcellevev. Fra Bryum parvum adskilles den ved den forskjellige Kapselhals og de meget afvigende Blade. Fra Bryum minus er den forskjellig saavel i Bladform som Kap- selform. Exemplarer findes fra Gaasefjord i Kong Oscars Land under 76° 50’ nordlig Bredde. Planten er samlet yderst sparsomt paa Polar- oxeexcrementer i Selskab med Bryum arcticum, Voitia hyperborea, Tetraplodon pallidus og mnioides, Tortula mucronifolia, Desmatodon suberectus og Aplozia polaris. 1898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 83 155. Bryum gemmaceum Bryun & Ryan sp. nov. Ceespites densissimi, fusci, 4 mm. tantum alli. Surculus erectus, innovationes numerosas 0.5—1 mm. altas gemmi- formes vinoso-tinctas emittens, tomento fusco ramosissimo papilloso dense tectus. Caulis rufescens, inferne subnudus. Folia caulina et comalia inferiora late ovalia, margine plana et limbo nullo cincta, apice obtusa, comalia superiora gemmeeformiter densissime congesta, haud decurrentia, 1 mm. longa et 0.5 mm. lata, ovata, breviter acuminata, margine plano haud vel indistinctissime limbata. Costa foliorum nunqvam continua, in foliis caulinis ingve comalibus inferioribus tenuis, seepe ad series cellularum elongatarum «luas reducta, longe infra apicem evanida; illa foliorum comalium supriorum mediocri- ter valida, inferne rubra, ceterum luteo-virens, infra apicem evanescens. Cellule foliares basilares rectangule, colorate, parietibus rubris, angulares numero pauco rotundato-qvadrate, conflate, folii medii et su- perioris rhombez vel breviter hexagone, marginales paullo longiores, plurimee mediocriter incrassate, parietibus sinuosis. Inflorescentia synoica. Archegonia 5—7, 0.45 mm. longa; antheridia 1—2, breviora, rubescentia; paraphyses haud numerosz, rufo-lutescentes, longiores qvam archegonia. Seta crassiuscula, 7 mm. longa, flexuosa, fuscescens. Capsula pendula, operculata versus 2 mm. longa et 1 mm. crassa, obovata-claveeformis, subcano-lutea, subnitens; collum sporangio subeqvi- longum, siccitate contra illud parum constrictum et longitudinaliter pli- catum, in setam defluens, cellulis epidermicis qvadratis vel breviter rec- tangulis, parietibus illarum valde incrassatis et sinuosis, stomatibus pene circularibus, 0.045 mm. latis; sporangium sub orificio haud angustatum, cellulis epidermicis valde incrassatis, non regularibus, qvadratis et rec- tangulis cum rotundatis mixtis, marginalibus in seriebus qvatuor trans- verse rectangulis. Exostomii dentes prope orificium affixi, fundo aurantio, 0.33 mm. longi et basi 0.06 mm. lati, lutei, dimidio inferiore lineares, dein subito angustati, anguste limbati, papilloso-punctati; scutula rectangula inter- dum qvadrata, suturis conspicuis, mediana angulata; lamelle 16, alte, non conjuncte. Endostomium liberum, lutescens, punclulatum; membrana 0.2 mm. alta, processus superne rimosi, inferne foraminibus ovalibus pertusi. Cilia nulla. 84 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Annulus simplex. Operculum humiliter conicum, umbonatum, 0.75 mm. latum, mar- gine crosum. Spori 0.02—0.025 mm. magni, luteo-virides, subtile punctati. Denne lille ogsaa til Inclinatumgruppen horende Art er inden denne Gruppe karakteristisk ved de korte, brede og stumpe, i Kanten plane og ukantede Blade samt den korte Bladnerve. Dens Habitus er elendommeligt ved den korte Stilk med de talrige knopformige Nyskud og den graagule Kapsel. Ellesmere Land: Framshavn under 78° 45’ nordlig Bredde, hvor Planten er samlet paa sumpig Jord meget sparsomt blandt Bryuwm arc- ticum, pendulum og oeneum, Didymodon alpigena samt Lophozia Wenzelit og harpanthoides. 156. Bryum corioideum Bryun & Ryan sp. nov. Cespites densissimi, 8 mm. profundi, fusci. Surculus erectus, superne innovationes singulas binasve gemmefor- mes subcomales, inferne flagella numerosa densifoliata proferens, to- mento intricato grosse papilloso fusco tectus. Caulis ruber. Folia caulina accrescentia, haud decurrentia, parva, 0.45—0.85 mm. longa et 0.32—0.5 mm. lata, ovalia—ovata, apice obtusa, margine re- curvo seriebus cellularum 1—2 elongato-rectangularium, haud distincte limbata, costa sub apice desinente. . Folia apicalia siccitate in comam oblongam gemmeformem conni- ventes, humiditate erecta, concava, e basi lato auricule instar dilatato ovalia, 1—1.25 mm. longa et 0.63—0.74 mm. lata inferiora obtusa, su- periora subito breviterqve angustata vel acuminata, margine anguste re- curvato seriebus 1—2 cellularum indistincte limbata. Cellule folii superioris hexagono-rhombee, marginales qvadrate, basilares rectangule, angulares bistrate rotundato-inflate, parietibus in- crassatis et perforatis, plurime lute, basilares rufo-fuscescentes. Costa foliorum rufo-fuscescens, mediocriter valida, in apice eva- nescens. Folia flagellorum parva, sicca et humida dense imbricata, concava, inferiora late ovalia, superiora lanceolata apice obtuso, omnia margine plano elimbata, costa sub apice evanida. Inflorescentia heteroica vel polyoica, floribus bisexualibus et mascu- lis. Flores masculi parvi globosi in pedunculo fere nudo, 4 mm. longo; antheridia numerosa, ineqvalia, 0.25—0.45 mm. longa; paraphyses 1898—1902. No.11.] BRYOPHYTA. 85 tubro-flave. Flos bisexualis oblongus, archegoniis paucis, 0.5—0.6 mm. longis, antheridiis etiam paucis, 0.4 mm. longis, paraphysibus longiori- bus rubro-luteis. Seta 7—9 mm. longa, mediocriter crassa, fusca, apice hamata. Capsula pendula, regularis, anguste obovata, deoperculata 1.5—1.75 mm. longa et 0.75 mm crassa, pallide fuscescens, siccitate sub orificio leniter, sed late, angustata, sporangio in collum zqvilongum vix plicatum defluente. Exothecium coriaceum, rigidum, cellulis marginalibus in seriebus duabus parvis qvadratis vel transverse rectangulis, submarginalibus ma- joribus variis, qvadratis, trigonis, rotundato-multangulis, ceteris maxime irregularibus, parietibus illarum rnaxime incrassatis, sinuosis et flexuosis. Cellulee epidermice colli modo simili irregulares et incrassate, stomati- bus numerosis, 0,033—0.42 mm. longis, ovalibus vel fere ovali—qvadratis. Peristominm 0.36 mm. altum, humiditate et siccitate in conum con- nivens, prope orificium affixum, insertione rubro-fusco 0.053 mm. pro- fundo, segmentis subrectangularibus integris. Dentes exostomii basi 0.06—0.07 mm. lati, inter se remoti, ad ter- tiam supremam rubro-fusci, e medio in apicem acutum lutescentem sub- tile papilloso-punctatum attenuati, margine mediocriter late limbati et papilloso-crenulati; scutula dense punctulata qvadrata, infima solum bre- viter rectangula, dimidium longiora, qvam lala, suturis conspicuis, me- diana recta, transversalibus ad latera in limbum excurrentibns; lamelle circiter 20, inter se liberze, margine libero recto. Endostomium brevius qvam dentes, lutescens, subtile punctulatum, cum exostomio haud coherens; membrama 0.12 mm. alta; processus e basi lato lanceolati, carinati, foraminibus ovalibus—oblongis, saepe con- fluentibus pertusi. Cilia terna, brevia, appendiculis nullis. Annulus duplex, difficile solubilis. Operculum conicum, apice brevi et crasso. Spori 0.02—0.022 mm. magni, fusco-virentes, dense papillosi. Denne nye Art synes at staa Bryum brachythecium nermest. Fra denne adskilles den ved den rodbrune Bladgrund, de kortere og mere stumpe Blade, kortere Bladceller, 9-laget Cellevev i Bladhjoruerne, Kap- selens afvigende Form, de rodbrune mindre bredt kantede Teender med mere talrige Lameller og ved de bedre udviklede Cilier. Sparsomme Exemplarer findes fra Moskusfjord 1 Kong Oscars Land under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde. Planten er samlet paa Polaroxe- excrementer i Selskab med Brywm teres, arcticum og tomentosum. 56 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM 157. Bryum angustidens Bryun & Ryan sp. nov. Caspites densi, 2.5 cm. alti, intus incano-fusci, zonati, superne virides. Surculus pluries innovando ramosus, innovationibus gemmeeformibus numerosis superposilis inferne subnudis nodosus, tomento fusco verru- coso vestitus. Caulis 0.25 mm. crassus, ruber, sectione transversa ovalis; rete in- termedium laxum, tenue, rubrum, versus peripheriam e cellulis minori- bus paullo magis incrassatis formatum; fasciculus centralis irregularis inter cellulas intermedias arcte inclusus. Folia caulina parva, partim in tomento occulta, pauca, late ovalia, fere sqvameformia, margine plana, costa duas tertias folii percurrenti. Folia comalia subito majora, concava, in gemmam ovato—oblongam dense congesta, externa parva ovalia, obtusa vel subito et breviter acu- minata, interna varia, aut ovato-ovalia cum vel sine acumine brevi aut late ovata in mucronem brevem e costa excurrenti formatum minus subito angustata, circiter 2.2 mm. longa et 1-3 mm. lata, omnia mar- gine elimbata et plus minusve late reflexa. Cellulze foliares mediocriter incrassate, corpora oleosa sepe inclu- dentes, basilares elongato-rectangule, parietibus rubris, ad angulas dila- tatos rotundato-inflate, vulgo bistrate, illa folii medii et superioris bre- viter rhombeo—hexagone, marginales e basi ad medium folium in serie- bus pluribus qvadrate. Costa inferne lata rubra, superne sensim angustior luteo-virens, non nisi in foliis comalibus nonnullis excurrens. Folia perichetialia e basi lato sensim angustata, interna margine plana, brevi-costata. . Inflorescentia heteroica, floribus bisexualibus paucis et masculis nu- merosis; archegonia circiter 8, 0.7 mm. longa; antheridia pauca, 0.6mm. longa; paraphyses longiores, inferne rufescentes. Seta 1 cm. longa, luteo-fuscescens, rigida, apice paullo crassiore hamata. Capsula pendula, operculata 2—2.5 mm. longa et 0.8 mm. crassa, pallide luteo-canescens, oblonga, regularis, sub orificio haud constricta, siccitate haud mutata, cellulis epidermicis marginalibus in seriebus 2—3 transverse rectangulis, ceterum breviter rectangulo—rotundatis, parietibus ilarum sinuosis et incrassatis. Sporangium in collum sensim defluens. Collum tumidum breve, longitudine dimidium sporangii, fusco-lutescens, siccum longitudinaliter rugulosum, cellulis epidermicis irregularibus, qva- 1898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 87 dratis, rectangulis, rotundato-multangulis, stomatibus late ovalibus, 0.044 mm. longis. Peristomium 0.5 mm. altum, insertione 0.1 mm. profunda, aurantia, cribrosa. Dentes exostomii pallide lutescentes, supra medium hyalini, e basi angusto (0.068 mm.) dimidio inferiore lineares vel medium versus paullo dilatati, qvo dens medius latissimus fit; e medio dente in apicem longum acutum, distincte limbatum, subtile striolato-punctulatum, sensim attenuati; scutula rectangula, 0.012 mm. alta, subtile punctulata, suturis indistinctis, mediana partim angulata; lamellae 30, infernee approximate, margine recto, inter se libere vel in medio dente sepimento uno alterove obliqvo conjuncte. Endostomium ab exostomio liberum; membrana 0.12 mm. alta, lu- tescens, subtile punctulata, plicata; processus e basi late oblongo subito attenuati, exostomio breviores, inferne foraminibus 3—5 ovalibus—rotun- dis perforati, superne rimoso-pertusi. Cilia terna—qvaterna, 0.078 mm. longa, filiformia, nodulosa. Annulus 0.078 mm. altus, triplex, fragmentarie secedens. Operculum 0.64 mm. altum, alte conicum, apiculo crasso distincto munitum, pallidius qvam sporangium. Spori 0.0183—0.024 mm. magni, fuscescentes, leaves, male evoluti. Blandt alle Inclinatumgruppens Arter er denne nye Art karak- teristisk ved de talrige opover Stilken siddende fertile knopformige Side- grene, ved de brede ukantede Blade med kvadratiske Randceller og de oppustede, ofte 2-lagede Hjorneceller, det ualmindelig hoie Laag, dertil de lange smale Tender, der er bredest paa Midten, samt endelig ved Tilstedeveerelsen af indtil 4 Cilier, hvorved den kan synes at danne en Overgang mellem Cladodium og Eubryum. Exemplarer findes fra Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde. Planten voxer her paa sumpig Jord sparsomt i Selskab med Bryum teres, Ditrichum flexicaule, Didymodon rubellus, Camptothecium ni- tens og Campylium stellatum. 158. Bryum semiovatum Bryun & Ryan sp. nov. Czspites laxi, egre cohzrentes, circiter 8 mm. alti, maximam par- tem terra arenaceo-limosa sepulti, apice rufo-fuscescentes. Surculus ramosus, et inferne et superne innovationes aut steriles flagelliformes, rufescentes, densifoliatas apice parvifoliatas, aut fertiles folia accrescentia gerentes, emittens, tomento rufo papilloso haud copiose vestitus. 88 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Caulis ruber. Folia caulina media ovato-lanceolata, acuminata, 1.3 mm. longa et 0.6 mm. lata, margine plano seriebus 1—2 cellularum limbata, cellulis marginalibus bistratis incrassatis badiis, costa in apice dissoluta. Folia apicalia siccitate erecto-appressa, humiditate erecto-patentia, concavo-carinata, haud decurrentia, e basi angustiore oblongo-lanceolata vel ovato-lanceolata, mucronata, 1.4--1.55 mm. longa et 0.55 mm. lata, margine plus minusve late reflexo seriebus 2—3 cellularum elongatarum limbata, cellulis marginalibus fuscis bistratis, cellulis basilaribus fuscis elongato-rectangulis, illis folii medii rectangulo-rhombeis, 0.03—0.06 mm. longis et 0.02 mm. latis, apicalibus hexagonis, omnibus valde incrassa- tis, costa fusca validissima in mucronem validum excurrenti. Folia innovationum sterilium haud decurrentia, oblongo-lanceolata, acuminata, apice dentata, margine plano plus minusve distincte fusco- limbata, costa in apice dissoluta. Folia perichetialia e basi lato sensim angustala, acuminata, mar- gine plano serie singula cellularum rectangularum limbata, costa sub apice dissoluta. Inflorescentia heteroica, floribus bisexualibus numerosis et masculis raris. Antheridia, 0,3 mm. longa rufescentia, et archegonia, 0.54 mm. longa, numerosa; paraphyses longiores lutescentes. Seta 10 mm. longa, mediocriter crassa, fuscescens. Capsula pendula, luteo-fusca, 2 mm. longa et | mm. crassa, irregu- laris, semiovata, ovo longitudinaliter dimidiato similis, latere versus setam spectante applanato, et sicca et humida immutata. Collum duas qvintas sporangii longum, in illud sensim transgressum, contra setam abrupte definitum. Cellule epidermice sporangii irregulares, valde incrassate, elongato-rectangulee et qvadratee cum ovalibus mixte, marginales in serie- bus tribus minores transverse rectangule, parietibus maxime incrassatis. Rete colli maxime incrassatum e cellulis variis, qvadratis, transverse. rectangulis, multangulis, ovalibus formatum, stomatibus immersis rotun- dis, 0.044 mm. magnis. Peristomium 0.3 mm. altum, siccitate inflexum, insertione 0.055 mm. profunda rufo-lutescens. Exostomii dentes basi 0.068 mm. lati, sensim attenuati, apice ob- tuso, e basi ad tertiam supremam pallide aurantii, ceterum lutescentes et striolato-punctulati, margine anguste limbato crenulati; scutula qvadrata vel breviter rectangula, subtilissime punctulata, suturis conspicuis, trans- versalibus crassioribus ad latera excurrentibus, mediana peene recta; la- 1898— 1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 89 mellee circiter 20, inter se liberee, alte, ad latera rotundate, margine, et anteriore et posteriore libero, arcuato. Endostomium exostomio liberum; membrana 0.11 mm. alta, lutes- _cens, subleevis; processus anguste lanceolati vel lineares, margine undu- lati, exostomio breviores, inferne foraminibus anguste ovalibus, superne rimoso-perforati. Cilia rudimentaria. Spori 0.022—0.029 mm. magni, fusco-lutescentes, subtile punctati. Cetera ignota. Denne meget eiendommelige Art er karakteristisk ved den rodbrune Farve, de flagellaglige Nyskud, Bladenes tykveggede Celler med 2-laget Randsom og ikke mindst ved den uregelmeessige og afvigende Kapsel- form. Den maa nermest henregnes til Inclinatumgruppen, hvis man ikke skulde foretrekke at betragte den som Representant for en ny Gruppe: Semiovatumgruppen. Sparsomme Exemplarer findes fra Moskusfjord i Kong Oscars Land under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde, hvor Planten er samlet paa sand- blandet Dynd blandt Tortula mucronifolia, Ditrichum flexicaule, Timmia austriaca, Myurella julacea, Fissidens arcticus og Cepha- lozia verrucosa. 159. Bryum cancelliforme Bryan & Ryan sp. nov. Czspites densissimi, arcte coherentes, 2 cm. alti, intus incano-fus- cescentes, summo apice lutescenti-virides. Surculus ramosissimus, innovationes numenerosas et fertiles et ste- riles flagelliformes emittens, tomento ferrugineo vestitus. Caulis ruber. Folia caulina inferiora parva, seepe sqvameformia in tomento occulta, superiora haud decurrentia, ovata, breviter acuminata, patentia, apice: subrecurvo, 0.7 mm. longa et 0.33 mm. lata, margine plano elim- bata, costa in apice dissoluta. Folia apicalia in comam densam congesta, humiditate erecto-patentia, rigida, concavo-carinata, 1,5—1.8 mm, longa et 0.65—0.85 mm. lata, ovato-lanceolata, supra medium in apicem brevem subdendatum angus- tata, margine limbato e basi versus apicem reflexa. Cellule basilares rectangule, 0.05—0.055 mm. longe et 0.02—0.025 mm. late, parietibus rubris, ad angulos paullo dilatatos qvadrate, ille folii medii et superioris rhombee-hexagone circiter 0.044 mm. longe et 0.15 mm. late, marginales in seriebus 2—3 prosenchymatice, ad 0.085 mm. longe, parietibus incrassatis lutescentibus. 90 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Costa basi rubro 0.096 mm. crassa, superne attenuata, rubro-fus- cescens, nunqvam excurrens. Folia innovationum sterilium concava, et sicca et humida appressa, ovato-ovalia, breviter acuminata, margine plano elimbata, costa in apice dissoluta. Folia perichetialia e basi lato sensim in apicem elongatum attenuata, margine plano elimbata. Inflorescentia heteroica, floribus bisexualibus numerosis et masculis raris. Antheridia 0.320.385 mm. longa; pistillidia 0.57 mm. longa numerosiora; paraphyses rufescentes, apice lutescenti. Seta 9—12 mm. longa, recta vel flexuosa, inferne rufo-fusca, superne luteo-fusca. Capsula horizontalis vel nutans, deoperculata 1.5—2.25 mm. longa et 0.72—0.9 mm. crassa, regularis obovata, maturitate virenti-lutea, z#tate fuscescens, siccitate rugosa, sub orificio, ut videtur, haud constricta. Sporangium in collum eqvilongum defluens. Cellule exothecii et sporangii et colli regulares, marginales in serie- bus 3—4 qvadrate, cetere breviter rectangule et qvadrate, stomatibus ovalibus, 0.044 mm. latis. Peristomium 0.29 mm. altum. Insertio rubro-fusca, ineeqvaliter (0.022—0:053 mm.) profunda, cribrosa. Dentes exostomi irregulares, aut singuli aut bini et terni connati, irregulariter fissi et perforati, mar- gine late limbati, ad medium lineares colore aurantio, supra medium plus minusve subito, etiam per intervalla, in apicem nodosum sublavem lutescentem angustati. Dentes singuli basi 0.06, bini connati 0.088 ter- niqve connati 0.12 mm. lati. Scutula perangusta, seepe vix ultra 0.0044 mm. lata, indistincte punctulata, suturis validis, mediana recta crassa, transversalibus crassissimis ad latera excurrentibus et seepe cum illis dentis vicini per lineam divisuralem connatis, atate rubro-fuscis verru- coso-papillosis; lamellae 16—20 approximate, crasse, in dentibus singu- lis sepimentis obliqvis, in dentibus connatis sepimentis rectis per lineam (suturam) medianam, margine arcus duos prebentes, inter se sporadice conjunctae. Endostomium luteum, leave; membrana 0.088 mm. alta, exostomio adherens; processus liberi, parte qvarta—tertia breviores, qvam exosto- mium, anguste lineari-lanceolati, rimoso-perforati. Cilia rudimentaria vel nulla. Annulus 0.066 mm. latus, triplex. Operculum humiliter conicum, 0.54 mm. latum, obtusulum, capsule concolor. 1898 —1902. No. 11.| BRYOPHYTA. 91 Sport 0.015—0.021 mm. magni, luteo-virentes. Karakteristisk for denne Art er de uregelmessigt sammenvoxede og spaltede Peristomtender, de smale Rygfelter og de uhort grove Midt- og Sidelinier, hvorved Peristomets Tender faar et gitterlignende Udseende. Maa henregnes blandt Inclinatumgruppens snart nesten utallige Arter eller ogsaa betragtes som Representant for en egen Gruppe: Brya cancelliformia. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde paa sumpig Jord sparsomt indblandet i Tuer af Hypnwm tundre. 160. Bryum opdalense Liner. c. fr. Meget sjelden. Exemplarer findes kun fra Glacier Valley i Elles- mere Land under 78° 45’ nordlig Bredde, hvor Planten er samlet paa fugtig Jord i Selskab med Oncophorus Wahlenbergii, Orthothecium chryseum, Hypnum sarmentosum og badium. Var. carneum Bryun & Ryan var. nov. Cespites humiliores, 5 mm. alti, terra limoso-arenacea obruti, rufo- fuscescentes. Seta brevior, 6—10 mm. longa. Capsula pallide carnea, subnitens. Operculum humiliter conicum, apice capsule concolore. Cellule exothecii marginales et submarginales in seriebus nonnullis ro- tundato-qvadrate, parietibus incrassatis. De cetero cum typo congruens. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord, i Selskab med Brywm com- pactum, arcticum, oeneum og teres. Bryum opdalense er tidligere kjendt kun fra Norge. 161. Bryum curvatum ArneLt & Kaurin c. fr. Ellesmere Land: Glacier Valley, under 78° 45’ nordlig Bredde, paa Excrementer i Selskab med Tetraplodon mnioides, Haplodon Wormskjoldii og Cephalozia verrucosa. Tidligere kjendt kun fra Norge. 162. Bryum subtumidum Liner. c. tr. Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, under 78° 45’ nordlig Bredde, sparsomt blandt Leptobryum pyriforme og Bryum subfoveolatum. Ogsaa denne Art er tidligere kjendt kun fra Norge. 163. Bryum salinum Hacen c. fr. N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord, under 78° 20’ nordlig Bredde, spar- somt forekommende i Selskab med Bryum oenewm og Distichium ca- pillaceum. 92 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Tidligere kjendt kun fra Skandinaviens og Danmarks Kyst- streekninger. 164. Bryum retusum Hacen c¢, fr. Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, under 78° 45’ nordlig Bredde, spar- somt blandt Tetraplodon mnioides og Cephalozia verrucosa. Tidligere kjendte Nordgraendse ved omtrent 70° 30’ paa Gron- lands QOstkyst. 165. Bryum stenodon Hacen c. fr. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord, under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde, i ringe Mengde sammen med Bryum cirratum, Ditrichum flexicaule og Tortula ruralis. For kjendt kun fra det nordlige Norge. 166. Bryum lapponicum Kaurin c. tr. N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord, under 78° 20’ nordlig Bredde, spar- somt 1 Selskab med Bryum terrestre, teres og pendulum samt Cepha- lozia grimsulana. Tidligere kjendt kun fra den skandinaviske Halvo. 167. Bryum subfoveolatum Bryun & Ryan sp. nov. Ceespites densi, arcle coherentes, 2.5 cm. alti, superne luteo-virides, intus fuscescentes. Surculus sub apice florifero innovationes binas breves, gemmeefor- mes emittens, tomento fuscescenti, dense humiliterqve papilloso, copiose munitus. Caulis rubro-fuscescens, circiter 0.22 mm. crassus, rotundato-penta- gonus, e fasciculo centrali hyalino tenui et reti flavo laxo leptodermi et strato peripherico cellularum magis incrassatarum duplici compositus. Folia caulina inferne remota, ad apices innovationum densa, erecto- patentia vel erecta, circum florem setamve in gemmam clausam conni- ventia, siccitate parum mutata, basi haud decurrentia, concava; caulina infima late ovato-lanceolata, obtusa, margine plano elimbata, costa versus apicem evanida, circiter 0.8 mm. longa et 0.6 mm. lata; comalia media ovato-lanceolata, acuta, margine plano elimbata, costa in apice dissoluta, ciciter 0.95 mm. longa 0.6 mm. lata; comalia suprema late lanceolata, in apicem acutum subito angustata, margine e basi ad medium folium anguste reflexo indistincte limbata, costa breviter excurrenti, circiter 1.25 mm. longa et 0.65 mm. lata. 1898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 93 Rete foliorum tenue; cellule basilares vinose, rectangula, 0.04—0.06 mm. longe et 0,02—0.025 mm. late, angularibus subconflatis, ceterae rhombex vel rhombeo-hexagone, 0.02—0.04 mm. longe et 0.02 mm. late, in foliis supremis marginem versus sensim angustiores, longiores et paullo crassiores, ut limbus uni-vel biseriatus, haud distinctus, for- matur. Costa foliorum basi 0.065 mm. lata et rubra, convexa, e cellulis ventralibus 2—4 magnis, ducibus 4 multo minoribus, fasciculo stereida- rum valido comites pene circumcingenti et cellulis dorsalibus 8—12 ma- joribus composita. Inflorescentia synoica; folia perichetialia intima minuta, margine plana, costa excurrenti cuspidata; pistillidia 3—4, 0.5 mm. longa; anthe- ridia 2—3, 035 mm. longa; paraphyses numerose, rubre, pistillidiis longiores. Seta circiter 12 mm. longa, flexuosa, basi rubra et 0.15 mm. crassa, apice hamoto pallescens. Capsula pendula, luteo-fusca, opaca, operculata 8 mm. longa et 4 mm. crassa, sicca dense scrobiculata, obliqve pyriformis, sub orificio haud contracta; collum in setam defluens, curvatulum, sporangio aqvi- longum, fuscum, in sicco sulecatum; cellule ejus epidermice subregulares qvadrate vel rectangule, 0.03—0.04 mm. late, parum incrassate; sto- mata numerosa, 0.045 mm. longa, rima elliptica; sporangium crasse ovale; cellule exothecii illis colli similes, marginalibus in seriebus dua- bus latioribus qvam longioribus. Exostomii dentes remoti, e fundo sangvineo, 0.05 mm. alto, inferne distinctissimo delimitato, lanceolati, supra medium paullo citius angustati, ad hasin 0.065 mm. lati, 0.35 mm. longi, acuti, lutei, apice hyalino et papilloso, elimbati. Scutula striolato-papillulosa, basalia anguste rectan- gula, suturis latis, sed haud consptcuis, mediana pene recta; lamelle 14—16, inter se liber, margine medio impress, non perforate. Endostomium exostomio haud adnatum, fere hyalinum, punctulatum ; membrana 0.12 mm. alta; processus anguste lanceolati, dentibus eqvi- longi, in carina foraminibus late ovalibus fenestrati; cilia rudimentaria. Annulus dnplex, 0.1 mm. latus, spiraliter revolubilis. Operculum 0.25 mm. altum, diametro 0.6 mm. latum, conicum, ma- millatum vel apiculatum, sporangio concolor, nitidulum, margine hic illic crenatum, Spori 0.02 mm. magni, lutescentes, punctulati. Blandt Brya hematostomata sandsynligvis nermest beslegtet med den fra det nordlige Norge og fra Gronlands Ostkyst bekjendte 94 N. BRYHN. [QND ARC. EXP. FRAM. Bryuwm foveolatum Hacen. Fra denne er den imidlertid, som det vil fremgaa af Beskrivelsen, forskjellig ved en hel Rekke afvigende Ka- rakterer. Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, under 78° 45’ nordlig Bredde, sam- men med Bryum subtumidum og Leptobryum pyriforme i forholdsvis mere rigelige Exemplarer. 168. Bryum Graefianum Scuurepn. c. fr. Meget sjelden og meget sparsomt indsamlet. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde. Arten er tidligere kjendt kun fra Nord- og Mellem-Europa. 169. Bryum Limprichtii Kaurin c. fr. Ligeledes meget sjelden og indsamlet i sparsomme Exemplarer. Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, under 78° 45’ nordlig Bredde, i Selskab med Isopterygium pulchellum og Hypnum revolutum; Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord og Vendomkap i Selskab med Tortula mu- cronifolia, Ditrichum flexicaule, Orthothecium chryseum og Hypnum Vaucheri. Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgreendse var ved 73° 30’ paa Gron- lands Ostkyst. 170. Bryum Simmonsii Bryun & Ryan sp. nov. Cespites densi, 4.5 cm. alti, intus variegati, superne virides. Surculus erectus, ramosus per totam longitudinem innovationes bre- ves floriferas longioresqve steriles emittens, alternatim parvi- et grandi- foliatus, tomento copioso fusco papilloso munitus. Caulis 0.24—0.34 mm. crassus, ruber, sectione transversa pentagono- rotundatus vel ovalis, fasciculo centrali 0.05 mm. crasso, reti intermedio rubro laxo, peripherico densiore plus minusve incrassato. Folia caulina accrescentia, breviter decurrentia, inferiora ovata, ob- tusa, sqvameeformia, marginé plano elimbata, costa sub apice dissoluta, superiora ovato-lanceolata, acuminata, supra basin dilatata, margine sub- reflexo seriebus 2—3 cellularum elongatarum luteo-limbata, costa excur- renti vel in apice definiente, 1.4 mm. longa et 0.6 mm. lata. Folia api- calia siccitate convoluta, humiditate erecto-patentia, concavo-carinata, cir- citer 2 mm. longa et 1.12 mm. lata, supra basin angustiorem auricule instar dilatata, late ovato-lanceolata, breviter acuminata, apice seepe den- tata, margine late reflexo seriebus 2—4 cellularum elongatarum limbata. 1898 — 1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 95 Cellule foliorum basilares elongato-rectangule, 0.085—0.12 mm, longee et 0.02 mm. late, parietibus rubris et porosis, angulares bistrate rotundato-qvadrate, inflate, folii medii hexagono-rhombee, 0.036—0.054 mm. longe et 0.015—0.02 mm. late. Costa valida, rubro-fusca, excurrens vel in summo apice dissoluta. Inflorescentia heteroica, floribus bisexualibus raris et masculis nu- merosis ut et femineis minus numerosis. Flos masculus gemmeformis, antheridiis numerosis, brevi-pedunculatis, 0.37—0.5 mm. longis; folia perigonialia interna late obovata, apice perbrevi triangulari, margine plano serie una cellularum rhombearum limbata, costa sub apice disso- luta. Pistillidia floris feminei 4—6, 0.57—0.7 mm. longa; paraphyses floris utriusqve longiores, rufescentes. Seta 11 mm. longa, inferne rubro-fusca, rigidula, mediocriter crassa, apice arcuata. Capsula pendula, regularis, operculata 2.6 mm. longa et 1 mm. crassa, incano-fuscescens, haud nitens, cylindrico-oblonga. Sporangium in collum sensim defluens, siccitate sub orificio paullulum angustatum. Collum duas qvintas sporogonii longum, in setam attenuatum, siccitate plicatum, rectum vel leniter curvatum. Cellulee exothecii marginales in seriebus duabus latiores qvam lon- giores, dein in seriebus nonnullis subqvadrate, ceteree maxime irregula- res, vix longiores qvam latiores, parietibus valde sinuosis mediocriter incrassatis. Cellule epidermice colli qvadrate, breviter reetangule vel ovales; stomata ovalia, 0.055 mm. longa, cellulis viciniis 7—8, Exostomii dentes e fundo 0.06 mm. alto, profunde aurantio, 0.47 mm. longi, e basi 0.066—0.095 mm. lato in apicem elamellosum aciculce instar acutum tenuemqve repente angustati, margine sinuoso anguste limbati et papilloso-crenulati, dense papilloso-punctulati, ad tertiam su- premam lutescentes, apice fere hyalino; scutula infima rectangula, cetera qvadrata, subtilissime punctulata, suturis conspicuis, mediana recta; la- melle circiter 12, longe remote, alte, decurrentes, margine arcus duos prebentes, perforationibus nullis, infimee inter se sepimentis lateralibus binis, in qve lamella decurrit, conjuncte. Endostomium exostomio haud adherens, lutescens, suhtilissime et sparsim punctulatum; membrana 0.12 mm. alta; processus anguste lan- ceolati, papillosi, exostomio breviores, secus carinam inferne foraminibus anguste ovalibus perforati, superne rimoso-pertusi. Cilia rudimentaria. Annulus duplex. 96 N. BRYAN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Operculum humiliter conicum, apice elongato, aurantium, 0.65 mm. latum. Spori magnitudine dissimiles (0.026—0.039 mm. magni), virentes. Denne Art er inden Gruppen Hemisynapsium eiendommelig og forskjellig fra alle andre Arter ved de forholdsvis korte Blade med dob- beltlagede Hjorneceller, ved Tzendernes naalfine Spids og de interlamel- lare Forbindelser. Exemplarer findes 1 Samlingen kun fra Gaasefjord i Kong Oscars Land under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde. Planten er samlet paa sumpig Jord i Selskab med Bryum calophyllum, Campylium stellatum, Hyp- nun latifolium, tundre og turgescens. 171. Bryum calophyllum R. Br. Blandt de mere almindelig forekommende Arter, men meget sjelden med Frugt og 1 rene Tuer. Kong Oscars Land: Moskusfjord (c. fr.), Gaasefjord, Renbugten og Landsend; North Devon; North Lincoln: Framfjord; Elles- mere Land: Framshavn, Cape Rutherford, Cape Viole, Skreellingoen og Beitstadfjorden under 79° nordlig Bredde. Arten er kjendt ogsaa fra Gronland og Spitzbergen. 172. Bryum campylocarpum Lier. var. arcticum Bryun & Ryan var. nov. Differt e typo notis inseqventibus. Seta brevior (1 cm.). Capsula brevior et crassior (deoperculata 1.5 mm. longa), obovata, subregularis, collo minus curvato. De catero cum typo congruens. Kong Oscars Land: Moskusfjord under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde. Planten er her samlet paa Excrementer i Selskab med Voitia hyper- borea, Bryum pendulum og arcticum, Orthothecium strictum og chryseum. Bryum campylocarpum er tidligere kjendt kun fra N or ge (Dovre). 173. Bryum oeneum Bxyrt. Denne Art er blandt de mest almindelige Moser og er samlet paa de allerfleste undersogte Steder, dog sjelden med Frugt. I disse arktiske Egne har den gjennemgaaende kortere Blade og mindre vel udviklet Bladsom, end i mere sydlige Egne. 1898— 1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. oF Var. subelimbatum Bryun & Ryan var. nov. Densius congestum, propagulis articulatis raris, rarissimis vel forsan nullis, limbo foliorum e seriebus 1—2 tantum vix bistratis constructo. De cetero typo similis. Kong Oscars Land: Vendomkap; North Lincoln: Framfjord ; Ellesmere Land: Bedford Pim Isl. (c. fr.) samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen (c. fr.) under 79° nordlig Bredde. Bryum oenewm er forlengst kjendt blandt de mere almindelige Arter paa Spitzbergen og i andre arktiske Egne. 174. Bryum agattuense Putipert. Kun fra et eneste Voxested og i meget ringe Mengde indspreengt i Tuer af Bryum elegans og teres. Steril. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde. Forhen kjendt kun fra Alaska. 175. Bryum cirratum H. & H. «. fr. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord og Moskusfjord; N. V. Gron- land: Foulkefjord; Ellesmere Land: Eskimopolis og Beitstadfjorden (under 79° n. B.) Tidligere kjendt ogsaa fra Spitzbergen og Gronland. 176. Bryum cuspidatum Scurp. c. fr. Findes i den hele Samling kun fra et eneste Voxested, nemlig Glacier Valley i Ellesmere Land under 78° 45’ nordlig Bredde. Planten er paa dette Sted sparsomt samlet paa sumpig Jord i Sel- skab med Tetraplodon pallidus, Bryum arcticum, crispulum og Fridtzii samt Conostomum boreale. Artens forhen kjendte Nordgraendse var 70° 15’ i Sibirien. 177. Bryum nodosum Bryun & Ryan sp. nov. Cespites densi, 1.5 cm. alti, fusci. Surculus pluries innovando ramosus, innovationibus superpositis aut fertilibus inferne subnudis apice comantibus aut sterilibus subuniformiter folialis nodosus, tomento fusco verrucoso vestitus. Caulis ruber. Folia comalia infima e basi lato rubro haud decurrenti late ovalia, 0.6 mm. longa et 0.44 mm. lata, apice obtusa, margine plano elimbata, cellulis angularibus et apicalibus hexagono-rotundatis, marginalibus rec- 7 98 N. BRYHN, [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM tangulis, per totum folium ceterum qvadratis vel breviter rectangulis, parietibus illarum mediocriter incrassatis et porosis, costa inferne lata, infra apicem dissoluta. Folia comalia suprema ovata, concava, sicca humidaqve convoluta, perbreviter acuminata, 1 mm. longa et 0.6 mm. lata, basi rubra, mar- gine reflexa, limbo vix distingvendo, costa in apice dissoluta, cellulis incrassatis, basilaribus elongato-rectangulis ad 0.08 mm. longis et 0.11 mm. latis, angularibus qvadrato-rotundatis, marginalibus rhombeo-rectan- gulis, medii folii hexagonis 0.044—0.066 mm. longis et 0.011—0.013 mm. latis. Inflorescentia synoica; archegonia pauca (circiter 4), 0.43 mm. longa; antheridia circiter 6, 0.21 mm. longa, rufescentes; paraphyses archego- nis longiores, inferne rufescentes apice hyalino. Seta 8 mm. longa, 0.15 mm. crassa, fuscescens. Capsula nutans, subcurvata vel regularis, operculata 1.75 mm. longa et 0.75 crassa, anguste piriformis, pallide luteo-fusca, tate pallidula, levis, siccitate sub orificio nonnihil contracta, sporangio in collum sub- eqvilongum sensim attenuatum defluenti. Cellulee epidermicee sporangii mediocriter incrassate, parietibus me- diocriter flexuosis, plurime breviter rectangule, marginales in seriebus 1—2 transverse rectangule, submarginales in seriebus 6 qvadrate, ille colli irregulares, plurime elongato-rectangule, parietibus valde sinuosis, stomatibus paucis, late ovalibus, 0.044 mm. longis, biseriatis. Exostomii dentes e fundo aurantio, 0.05 mm. alto, fisso et cribroso, 0.33 mm. longi et basi 0.077 mm. lati, luteo-aurantii, apice pallide lutes- centi. ad medium lineares, dein subulati, grosse papillosi, apice spe fissi vel rimoso-pertusi, anguste limbati, strato colorato secus limbum scale instar dentato; scutula rectangula 0.012—0.015 mm. alte, interdum subqvadratee, subtile punctulata, suturis distinctis, mediana angulata; lamelle 16—18, crassa, recta, inter se liberee inqve eadem distantia remote. Endostomium exostomio eqvilongo haud adherens; membrana 0.12 mm. alta, lutescens, dense punctulata; processus lanceolati, subito atte- nuati, secus carinam inferne foraminibus late ovalibus perforati, superne rimoso-pertusi (ut in Bryo cirrato); cilia tenuia, singula vel bina, pro- cessubus breviora, papillosa, appendiculis brevibus et crassis, seepe male evolutis, appendiculata. Annulus triplex, 0.06 mm. latus. Operculum aurantium, conicum apice distincto (ut in Bryo pendulo), 0.6 mm. latum, 41898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 99 Sport luteoli, laves, vario magnitudine, 0.02—0.03 mm. magni, plurimi 0.025. Denne nye Art maa paa Grund af de taggede Cilier henregnes til Eubryum, den synes dog at danne et Mellemled mellem Cladodium og Eubryum. Blandt Eubrya slutter den sig nermest til Brywm nitidulum, fra hvilken den er forskjellig ved Habitus, Bladform, Endo- stomets Bygning og de storre Sporer. Exemplarer findes kun fra Havnefjord 1 Kong Oscars Land under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde. Planten voxer her paa fugtig Jord blandt Myurella julacea, Cinclidium hymenophyllum og Orthothectum strictum. 178. Bryum glomeratum Bryun & Ryan sp. nov. Ceespites densissimi, 1 cm. alti, intus fusco-variegati, summo apice tantum virentes. Surculus valde ramosus, innovationibus gemmeformibus numerosis presertim versus apicem glomeratis, tomento denso rubro-fusco papilloso vestitus. Caulis ruber, 0.3—0.5 mm. crassus, sectione pentagonus, fasciculo centrali crasso male definito, reti intermedio e cellulis tenuissimis, peri- phericis paullo magis incrassatis, formatus. Folia caulina parva sqvameeformia. Folia comantia haud decurrentia, subito multo majora, valde con- cava, gemme instar congesta, sicca fere immutata, inferiora late ovalia, obtusa, latiora qvam longiora, 0.7 mm. longa et 0.8 mm. lata, margine plana; suprema late ovato-lanceolata, breviter acuminata, margine late reflexa, limbo nullo circumcincta, 1—1.5 mm. longa et ad 0.6 mm. lata, basi rubentia. Cellule foliorum inferiorum basilares rectangulo-qvadrate, cetere irregulares, plurime ovales, valde incrassate; ill foliorum superiorum ad basin rectangule, 0.033—0.066 mm. longe et 0.011 —0.022 mm. late, angulares rotundato-qvadrate, ceteree rhombeo-hexagonz vel ovales, 0.026—0.044 mm. longe et 0.013—0.016 mm. late, parietibus lutescenti- bus valde incrassatis, collenchymaticis et porosis. Costa basi 0.054 mm. crassa et rubra, ceterum luteo-virens, in vel sub apice dissoluta. Folia pericheetialia e basi lato sensim angustata, 0.75 mm. longa et 0.31 mm. lata, breviter acuminata, margine plana, limbo nullo, costa supra medium dissoluta. 100 N. BRYHN. [2D ARC. EXP. FRAM Inflorescentia heteroica, floribus bisexualibus numerosis et masculis raris. In flore bisexuali pistillidia et antheridia numero varia, illa 0.57 mm. longa, hee ad 0.49 mm. longa, paraphyses numerose lutescentes, basi rubescenti, longitudine pistillidiorum; flores masculi, circiter 1 mm. crassi, subglobosi, brevi-pedunculati, antheridiis paraphysibusqve numero- sissimis. Seta 10—12 mm. longa, 0.2 mm. crassa, luteo-fusca, apice arcuata. Capsula pendula, crasse piriformis, sporangio in collum sensim de- fluente, operculata 2—2.2 mm. longa et 0.9 mm. crassa, luteo-virens, interdum colore fuscescenti tincta, regularis vel, collo siccitate nonnun- qvam curvulo, subregularis, sicca sub orificio haud contracta, nitidula; collum contra setam abruptius desinens, duas qvintas sporangio longum, colore distinctius fuscescenti, siccitate plicatum. Cellule epidermice sporangii subregulares, rectangule vel qvadrate, marginalibus latioribus qvam longioribus, parietibus illarum mediocriter incrassatis haud flexuosis; rete colli item subrectangulare, cellulis pluri- mis qvadrato-rectangulis cum ovalibus sparsis mixtis, stomatibus sparsis late ovalibus, subrotundis, 0.045 mm. magnis. Exostomii dentes e fundo profunde aurantio, 0.055 mm. allo perfo- rato, 0.41 mm. longi, 0.07—0.17 mm. lati, pzene eqvaliter angustati, tenuiter acutiusculi, pallide aurantii, summa parte tertia hyalini et pa- pillosi, margine integro anguste limbati; scutula breviter rectangula vel qvadrata, striolato-punctulata, suturis distinctis, mediana angulata—sub- recta; lamellae 24—26, inter se eqvaliter remote et sepimento uno alte- rove conjunctz, margine libero recto vel arcus duos indistinctos prasbente. Endostomium exostomio vix adharens; membrana 0.08—0.12 mm. alta, tenuissima, lutescens, peene hyalina, subtile punctulata; processus lineari-lanceolati, exostomio breviores, inferne foraminibus anguste oblon- gis secus carinam pertusi, superne 1imoso-perforati; cilia bina vel terna, plus minusve bene evoluta, hic illic appendicibus brevibus munita. Annulus duplex, 0.088 mm. latus, fragmentarie secedens, operculo adherens. Operculum 0.72 mm. latum, 0.3 mm altum, concavo-conicum, luteo- lum, apice perbrevi crasso concolore. Spori 0.02—0.023 mm. magni, fuscescentes, levissimi. Denne Eubryum slutter sig nermest til foregaaende Art og maa ligesom denne betragtes som et Mellemled mellem Eubrya og Cladodia. Fra Bryum nodosum er denne habituelt meget forskjellig, den har en anden Blomsterstand og en anden Kapselform med meget hoiere og for- skjellig bygget Peristom. 1898-1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 101 Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde, paa sumpig Jord 1 rigt frugtbeerende, ikke sparsomme Exemplarer, sam- men med Bryum hyperboreum og Encalypta contorta. 179. Bryum nitidulum Linbs. Exemplarer findes fra folgende faa Steder. North Devon: Borg- ven; N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn (c. fr.), Cape Viole og Eskimopolis (c. tr.). Var. fenestratum Bryan & Ryan var. nov. Cespites ampliores, 2.5 em. alti. Inflorescentia heteroica, floribus et bisexualibus et masculis. Capsula paullo major, 2.5- 3 mm. longa, ovaliter cylindrica, ore late hiante, luteo-fuscescens. Processus endostomii late lanceolati, foraminibus ovalibus—rotundis, seepe confluentibus, pertusi. Ceterum cum typo congruens. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde, 1 Selskab med Bryum pendulum og globosum, Funaria polaris og Tortula mucronifolia. Bryum nitidulum er en rent arktisk Art med Nordgrendse ved 80° 20’ over Spitzbergen. Varieteten fenestratum bor muligens helst opfattes som en selv- steendig ny Art. 180. Bryum subnitidulum ARNELL. Blandt de mest sjeldne Arter og endnu ikke samlet med Frugt. North Devon: Borgeen; N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord under 78° 20’ nordlig Bredde. Er tidligere kjendt kun fra Jan Mayen (71° n. B)). 181. Bryum pertencllum Bryan & Ryan sp. nov. Cespites densi, ad 5 cm. usqve alti, intus fusci, superne incano- lufescentes. Surculus innovationes apicales singulas vel binas foliis inferne re- motis apice densioribus instructas emittens parce ramosus, inferne to- mento fusco intricato ramoso grosseqve verrucoso vestitus. Caulis fere capillaris, 0.16—0.2 mm. crassus, sectione ovalis—subro- tundus; fasciculus centralis paucicellularis; cellule intermedie laxe lep- todermes. parietibus flexuosis rufescentibus, peripherica: in seriebus |—2 minores, parietibus haud vel parum incrassatis. 102 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Folia caulina parum accrescentia, haud comantia, siccitate irregula- riter torta et flexuosa, aliqvantulum oleoso-nitentes, humiditate erecta, mollia, e basi angusto subdecurrenti oblongo-ovata, in apicem elongatum obtusum, lingveeformem fere, sensim angustata, 1.28—1.9 mm. longa et 0.3—0.65 mm. Jata, margine plana et integra, apice excepto interdum obtuse denticulato, limbo nullo cincta. Folia suprema (verosimiliter pericheetialia?) caeteris aqvilonga, an- gustiora (0.5 mm. lata) apice magis tenuiter acuminato. Rete foliorum cellulare statu juvenili maxime leptodermum, parieti- bus cellularum flexuosis, ad basim usqve chlorophylliferum, etate luteo- lum, parietibus cellularum, preesertim summi folii. paulo minus tenellis, basi nunqvam rubescens. — ; Cellule basilares et suprabasilares ad medium folium rectangule vel elongato-hexagone, qvoad magnitudimem varie, 0.026—0.066 mm. longz et 0.011—0.015 mm. late, margines versus paullo angustiores; e medio folio ad apicem versus rhomboideo-hexagone longitudine vario, 0.044— 0.077 mm. longe et 0.0183—0.018 mm. late, margines versus paullulum angustiores, limbum distinctum haud formantes, in apice ipso oblongo- lineares. Costa basi 0.077 mm. crassa ibiqve flavo-fuscescens, ceterum lutes- cens, infra apicem dissoluta, dorso valde prominens; duces mediani qva- tuor, cellule dorsales et ventrales numerose parum inerassate, cetere substereideee. Cetera ignota. Denne eiendommelige Art, der i Habitus meget mere ligner en Webera (f. Ex. W. commutata), end en Bryum, maa dog paa Grund af Bladenes Celleveev henfores til Bryum. Hvor dens Plads er blandt denne Slegts forskjellige Afdelinger, kan for Tiden ikke afgjores. I Bladform kommer den nermest Bryum subnitidulum, der imidlertid har hgist afvigende Habitus, rod Bladgrund med rodfarvet Nerve, kor- tere Bladceller og kortere Bladspids. Exemplarer findes fra Eskimopolis i Ellesmere Land, under 78° 50’ nordlig Bredde. Planten er her samlet paa sumpig Jord og paa Excre- menter i Selskab dels med Tetraplodon pallidus, Haplodon Worm- skjoldii og Bryum cyclophylloides, dels med Webera cruda og com- mutata samt Hypnum uncinatum. 182. Bryum teres Linps. Synes at forekomme almindelig. Exemplarer findes fra folgende Steder. 1898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 103 North Devon: Havhestberget (forma elongata) og Borgen; North Lincoln: Framfjord (synoic., c. fr; Kong Oscars Land: Havne- fjord, Moskusfjord (c. fr.), Gaasefjord (c. fr.), Excrementbugten og Landsend; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn (¢, fr.), Cape Viole og Beitstadfjorden samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen under 79° nordlig Bredde. Arten er tidligere kjendt fra de fleste undersogte arktiske Egne, ogsaa fra Spitzbergen. 183. Bryum densum Bryun & Ryan sp. nov. Ceespites compacti, densissimi, superficie plani, circiter 1 cm. alti, ad medium terra limosa sepulti, intus flavo-fusci, apice fusco-virentes. Surculus ramosissimus, ex parte caulis et inferiore et superiore fla- gella numerosa densissima, filiformia et densifoliata emittens, tomento intricato luteo-fusco corpusculis articulatis oblongo-claveeformibus instructo vestitus. Caulis 0.16 mm. crassus, rufescens, sectione subrotundus, e cellulis constructus leptodermibus, qvoad magnitudinem variis, periphericis in serie una minoribus magisqve incrassatis, fasciculo centrali distincto nullo. Folia caulina parva, vix decurrentia, ovalia apice obtuso, margine plano elimbata, costa supra medium dissoluta. Folia apicalia majora, in comam paucifoliatam congesta, oblonga, in apicem latiusculum obtusum angustata, externa paullo decurrentia, 1 mm. longa et 0.5 mm. lata, margine plano elimbata, interna 1.4 mm. longa et 0.62 mm. lata, margine anguste reflexa et seriebus cellularum 1—2 indistincte limbata. Rete cellulare ad basin rubrum, ceterum lutescens. Cellule basila- res elongato-rectangule vel elongato-hexagonz, 0.06—0.1 mm. longe et 0.012—0.015 mm. late, ad angulos vix dilatatos ovales et hexagone, folii medii apicalesqve irregulares, breviter rectangule, rhombee et hexa- gone, 0.036—0.072 mm. longe et 0.012—0.015 mm. late, parietibus vix incrassatis. Costa sub apice desinens. Flagella cum foliis 0.85—0.38 mm. crassa. Caulis flagellorum 0.11—0.13 mm. crassus, pellucidus, e cellulis sub- qvadratis constructus. Folia flagellorum et humida et sicca dense imbricata, concava, late ovalia vel obovata, apice rotundato, 0.43 mm. longa et 0.28 mm. lata, margine plano elimbata, costa tenui sub apice dissoluta, cellulis basilari- bus rubescentibus qvadratis vel breviter rectangulis, ceteris rhombeis, guttulas oleosas continentibus, 104 N. BRYHN. [QND ARC. EXP. FRAM Folia perichetialia apicalibus intimis eqvilonga, e basi lato sensim in apicem brevem angustata, margine indistincte limbata et anguste re- flexa, costa basi 0.084 mm. crassa et rubra, ceterum luteo-fuscescens vel flava, in apice ipso dissolula. Inflorescentia, ut videtur dioica. Flos femineus unicus tantum ob- servatus, ovato-oblongus, foliis bene occlusus flagellisqve numerosis cinc- tus; pistillidia numerosa, 0.42 mm. longa; paraphyses pistillidiis aqvi- longee vel breviores, lutescentes basi rubescenti. Cetera ignota. Denne Art, hvis Plads inden Slegten Bryums forskjellige Afdelin- ger endnu er ubekjendt, er karakteristisk ved hoist eiendommelig Habi- tus, de yderst tat stillede Flageller og de fra Rodfiltet udvoxende leddede kolleformige Groknopper. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde og i 350 Meters Hoide over Havet. Planten er samlet paa vaade Berge meget sparsomt, 1 Selskab med Anthelia julacea, Aplozia polaris og atrovirens, Scapania Simmonsii, Andreea papillosa og Orthothecium binervulum. 184. Bryum teretinerve Bryun & Ryan sp. nov. * Cespites densissimi, 1—1.5 em. alti, rubro-fusci, summo apice luteo- virentes. Surculus innovationibus creberrimis et fertilibus et sterilibus crassus, tomento rufo-fusco papilloso densissimo obtectus. Caulis 0.8 mm. cragsus, sectione transversa subrotundus, atate pen- tagono-rotundatus, fasciculo centrali optime definito, 0.03- 0.06 mm. crasso, etate propter caulem fistulosum evanido, reti intermedio rubro leptodermo, parietibus cellularum flexuosis, reti versus peripheriam in- crassato. Folia caulina infima parva oblongo-ovalia, subito breviter acuminata, inargine plano crenulata et elimbata, costa brevi, superiora concava, 0.8 mm. longa et 0.4 mm, lata, obovata, supra medium subito in apicem breviorem, ubi costa desinens, angustata, margine dimidio inferiore re- flexa, plus minusve distincte limbata, summa in comam ovato-oblongam congesta, humiditate erecta-patentia, siccitate parum mutata, rigida, cari- nata, ad 1.4 mm. longa et 0.40.43 mm. lata, e basi rotundato ad an- gulos subauriculariformiter dilatato ovata vel late lanceolata, e medio subito versus apicem mucroniformem angustata, margine reflexo plus minusve distincte limbata. 1898— 1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 105 - Rete basilare et suprabasilare rubro-fuscescens vel vinosum, cellulis rectangulis, plurimis 0.02—0,022 mm. longis et 0.018—0.015 mm. latis, angularibus brevioribus, illis folii medii rhombeo-hexagonis, 0.026—0.0385 mm. longis et 0.011—0.013 mm. latis, apicalibus et marginalibus lon- gioribus, omnibus incrassalis plus minusve collenchymaticis, seepe po- rosis. Costa validissima, teres, stereidea, basi ad 0.084 mm. lata et rubra, ceterum luteo-virens (ztate fuscescens), per folium totum fere eqvaliter crassa, excurrens, mucronem rigidum, ad 0.35 mm. longum, dentatum, summa apice decoloratum, formans, seclione transversa subrotunda, duci- bus substereideis, cellulis ventralibus dorsalibusqve hyalinis. Folia innovationem sterilium densa, sicca et humida adpressa, in- fima late ovalia, subito acuminata, superiora lanceolata, in apicem elon- gatum sensim angustata, plurima margine plana, limbo nullo circum- cincta, apice acute dentata, costa percurrenti vel rarius breviter ex- current. Folia perichetialia intima anguste lanceolata, margine plano elim- bata, costa excurrenti costata. Inflorescentia autoica, floribus femineis numerosis, masculis raris. Flores feminei ovato-oblongi, archegoniis plus minusve numerosis, 0.42 mm. longis, paraphysibus lutescentibus longioribus. Flores masculi gemmeeformes, 1.5 mm. longi, aut axillares aut in- novationes breves laterales coronantes; folia perigonialia, intimo excepto, late obovata, e medio subito angulo recto in apicem longum et dentatum, a costa excurrenti formatum, attenuata, margine subreflexo serie cellu- larum singula limbata; folium perigoniale intimum ovatum, subsensim angustatum, margine planum, costa sub apice dissoluta; antheridia_ sub- cylindracea, ad 0.46 mm. longa, rosea; paraphyses inferne rufescentes, ceterum lutescenti-hyalini. Seta circiter 8 mm. longa, tenuis, luteo-fuscescens, apice stramineo arcuala. f Capsula demissa vel suberecta, wtate horizontalis, fuscescens, oper- culata 2—2.25 mm. longa et 0.7 mm. crassa, oblonga, siccitate sub ori- ficio haud contracta, collo duas qvintas sporangii longo in setam de- fluenti. Cellule epidermice sporangil irregulares, elongato-rectangule, ovales, triangulares, parietibus valde incrassalis et flexuosis, marginales in serie- bus qvatuor breviores qvam latiores, illee colli modo simili irregulares, plurimis brevioribus, stomatibus parvulis (0.03 mm.). 106 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Peristomium prope orificium affixum. Dentes e fundo pallide aurantio, 0.042 mm. profundo, 0.35 mm. longi, lutescentes, vix limbati, supra me- dium paullo citius in apicem obtusulum hyalinum subtilissime punctula- tum, angustati, basi 0.07—0.08 mm. lati; scutula infima late rectangula, cetera qvadrata, subtilissime punctulata, suturis subtilibus, transversali- bus haud excurrentibus, mediana pene recta; lamelle circiter 16, humi- les, inter se eqvaliter remote, libere. Endostomium pallide lutescens, vix papillosum; membrana basilaris 0.15 mm. alta exostomio adherens; processus liberi, lineares, foramini- bus oblongis pertusi; cilia terna, vix libera, irregularia, appendiculis crassis, apice claveeformibus, introrsum spectantibus, munita. Annulus 0.09 mm. latus, triplex. Operculum alte conicum, apice acuto, rufo-fuscum. Spori magnitudine vari, vix perfecte evoluti. Blandt alle Brya med autoic Blomsterstand er denne Art eien- dommelig ved den usedvanlig kraftige Bladnerve, der lober ud i en trind tandet kraftig Braad samt ved Indreperistomet, hvis Cilier er for- synet med indadrettede i Spidsen kolleformige Cilier. Planten danner Tuer, saa compact sammenvevede, at de enkelte Individer vanskelig lader sig adskille. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord, under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde, paa Jord i Selskab med Arnellia fennica, Encalypta rhabdocarpa og Amblystegium Sprucei. 185. Bryum pallescens Scat. c. fr. Sjelden og samlet kun paa 2 Steder. Kong Oscars Land: Moskusfjord; Ellesmere Land: mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen under 79° nordlig Bredde. Arten findes paa Spitzbergen under en endnu hoiere nordlig Bredde. 186. Bryum elegans NEEs. Blandt de mere almindelige Arter, ialfald i den sydlige Del af det undersogte Landomraade. Exemplarer findes fra folgende Steder. Vest-Gronland: Egedesminde; North Devon; Havhestberget; Cardigan Strait: Djevleoen; Kong Oscars Land: Isachsens Fjord, Gaasefjord, Renbugten, Excrementbugten, Moskusfjord, Sydkapfjord og Havnefjord; North Lincoln: Framfjord; N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn og Cape Rutherford samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen under 79° nordlig Bredde. 1898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 107 Arten er sjelden samlet i rene Tuer, nasten udelukkende som Be- standdel af Blandingstuer og altid i steril Tilstand. Gjennemgaaende har Planten i disse Egne et andet Habitus, end Exemplarer fra mere sydlige Egne. Specielt er Bladspidsen meget kor- tere og Bladnerven forsvinder i eller under Spidsen. Bladene er dels kantede, dels ukantede. Greendserne mellem Hovedarten og Var. carinthiaca (Br. Eur.) Brew. synes 1 disse Kgne at vere omtrent udviskede. Exemplarer, der kan hen- regnes til nevnte Varietet, findes fra folgende Steder. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Sydkapfjord og Vendomkap; N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, hvor ogsaa Exemplarer af Var. elongatum ARNELL er samlet. Arten kjendes ogsaa fra Spitzbergen. 187. Bryum Stirtoni Scume. Denne Art er hjembragt i tildels rigelige Exemplarer og i ublandede Tuer fra folgende Steder. North Devon: Havhestberget og Borgoen; Cardigan Strait: Djevlesen; North Lincoln: Framfjord; Kong Oscars Land: Gaase- fjord; N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord; Ellesmere Land: Brevort Isl. og Cape Rutherford under 78° 50’ nordlig Bredde. Synes udelukkende at forekomme paa Berge, medens foregaaende Art i disse Egne som Regel voxer paa sumpig Jord. Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgreendse var ved 70° 30’ i Qst- Gronland. 188. Bryum argenteum L. Er udelukkende samlet paa Berge og kun i rene Tuer. North Devon: Borgoen; Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord; N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn og Brevort Isl. Arten er kjendt ogsaa fra Spitzbergen og andre arktiske Egne. 189. Bryum cyclophyllum (Scuwer.) Br. Eur. Er udelukkende samlet i Sumpe og i tildels rene Tuer. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord; North Lincoln: Framfjord; Ellesmere Land: Eskimopolis, Skrellingoen, Cocked Hat Isl. og Beitstadfjorden under 79° nordlig Bredde. Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgraendse var ved 69° 35! 1 Sibirien. 108 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM 190. Bryum cyclophylloides Bryan & Ryan. Sp. nov. Ceespites densi, ad 2 em. alti, intus fusci, superne incano-lutescenles, — Surculus parce ramosus, innovationes subcomales 1—2 flagellifor- mes rufo-lutescentes haud raro emittens, tomento sublevi luteo-fusco tectus. FE foliorum axillis filamenta articulata numerosa, simplicia vel ramosa, omnia chlorophyllifera, egrediuntur. Caulis 0.3—0.4 mm. crassus, etate fistulosus, sectione rotundato- pentagonus e cellulis leptodermibus, versus centrum fistulosum majori- bus, peripheriam versus minoribus constructus. Folia caulina parum accrescentia, conferta, siccitate inflexa margini- bus undulatis, humiditate erecta, concavo-carinata, e basi angusto vix decurrenti oblongo-ovalia vel subrotunda, apice nullo, margine indistincte limbata et plana vel e basi medium versus subreflexa, 0.9 -1.4 mm. longa et 0.7—0.95 mm. lata. Folia apicalia caulinis vix majora ad comam paucifoliatam floriferam congesta, late ovali-obovata, intima ovato-lanceolata, breviter acuminata. Costa foliorum et caulinum et comantium tenuis, fuscescens, haud percurrens. Cellule foliares juveniles qvam maxime chlorophyllifere, basilares elongato-rectangule vel hexagone, 0.06—0.1 mm. longz et 0.015—0.022 mm. late, ceteree rhombeo-hexagone 0.04—0.055 mm. longe et 0.02— 0.03 mm. late, marginales in seriebus {—2 angustiores, rectangulo-rhom- boideee, limbum indistinctum formantes. Parietes cellularum luteoli, vix incrassati, transversalibus preeprimis porosis. Inflorescentia heteroica, floribus bisexualibus et femineis. Pistillidia 5-7, 0.45 mm. longa; antheridia 10—12, 0.36—0.39 mm. longa, oblonga, colore picis liqvidee; paraphyses multo longiores, lutescentes. Cetera desunt. Denne nye Art synes uden Tvivl at staa Bryum cyclophyllum nermest, fra hvilken den er forskjellig ved Blomsterstand, de ikke ned- lobende mere tetstillede og mere ensartede Blade, det meget mindre lose Celleveev og de nesten glatte Rodhaar. Exemplarer findes fra Eskimopolis i Ellesmere Land, under 78° 50’ nordlig Bredde, hvor Planten er samlet paa sumpig Jord og paa Excre- menter i Selskab med Brywim pertenellum, Webera commutata, Ha- plodon Wormskjoldii, Tetraplodon pallidus og mnioides, Catascopium nigritum og Hypnum uncinatum. 1898— 1902, No. 11. BRYOPHYTA. 109 191. Bryum neodamense Itz. Var. ovatum (Jur.) Linps. & Arn. North Devon: Havhestberget; North Lincoln: Framfjord ; Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord og Moskusfjord; N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn under 78° 45’ nordlig Bredde. Den for Arten tidligere angivne Nordgraendse er ved 71° paa Gron- lands @stkyst. 192. Bryum obtusifoliam Linps. Denne er en af de mest almindelig forekommende Arter, der uden Tvivl findes paa ethvert af de undersogte Steder. Efter de indsamlede Exemplarer at domme, synes den ikke overalt at optrede i rgelig Mengde, om den end som Regel forekommer i ublandede Tuer. Arten findes paa Spitzbergen helt op til Vegetationens yderste Nordgrendse. 193. Bryum paganum Bryun & Ryan. sp. nov. Ceespites laxi, egre coherentes, ad 4.5 cm. alti, pulchre fusco-rubri. Surculus innovationes 1—2 floriferas, 5—10 mm. longas, iterum iterumqve superpositas emiltens, tomentum rubrum ramosum papillosum, ex axillis foliorum fasciculatim egressum, proferens. Caulis tenuis, 0.2—0.3 mm. crassus, sectione qvadrato-rolundatus, fasciculo centrali 0.18 mm. crasso vel in centro fistulosus, cellulis inter- mediis qvoad magnitudinem variis, parietibus illarum rubris, flexuosis, tenuibus, cellulis peripheriam versus minoribus paullo incrassatis. Folia caulina valde accrescentia, valde concava, vix decurrentia, in- fima parva remota late lanceolata, apice obtuso, 0.6 mm. longa et 0.25 mm. lata, margine plano elimbata, tenuissime costata vel ecostata, media ovato-lanceolata, apice obtuso, 1 mm. longa et 0.6 mm. lata, margine ad medium anguste reflexa et serie unica cellularum limbata, costa medio- criter valida apicem versus dissoluta. Folia caulina apicalia comam paucifoliatam formantes ad 2 mm. longa, e basi subrectangulo 0.44 mm. lato et 0.5 mm. longo subito ovali-oblonga, medio folio ad 1 mm. Jato, apice subcucullato obtusa vel rarius obtuse breviterqve acuminata, mar- gine ad basin subrectangulum plana et elimbata, dein apicem versus plus minusve late reflexa et cellularum seriebus duabus, apicem versus serie una, limbata, costa valida infra apicem dissoluta. Cellule foliares basilares rectangule vel elongato-rectangule, 0.015 —0.02 mm. late et duplo—qvintuplex longiores qvam latiores, parietibus rubro-lutescentibus, vix vel parum incrassatis, illa2 medi folii et superio- 110 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM ris rhombeo-hexagone, 0.03 mm. late et 0.04—0.05 mm. long, paullo magis incrassate, apicales angustiores, parietibus fusco-rubris valde in- crassatis et porosis, marginales rhombez vel rhomboidee, sepe bistrate, parietibus fusco-rubris mediocriter incrassatis. Costa foliorum (infimis exceptis) valida, basi 0.06 mm. lata, fusco- rubra, in dorso valde prominens, in caulem decurrens, nunqvam folium percurrens, ducibus 4 minoribus, cellulis ventralibus hyalinis inanibus, dorsalibus stereideis vel substereideis. Folia perichetialia interna laxissime texta, caulinis apicalilibus bre- viora. oblonga, supra medium perrepente in apicem longum filiformem contracta, margine plana et serie cellularum unica indistincte limbata; per medium folium loco coste cellule nonnull elongate. Inflorescentia polyoica. floribus et bisexualibus, masculis et femineis sine ulla regula dispositis. Flos masculus terminalis; folia perigonialia interna ovata, 0.64 mm. longa, margine plana, limbo nullo cincta, costa indistincta; antheridia pauca rosea claveformia, etate cylindracea, 0.3—0.4 mm. longa; para- physes numerose longiores, hyalino-lutescentes. Pistillidia 0.45—0.5 mm. longa, et in floribus femineis et in bisexualibus numero varia. Cetera ignota. Denne nye Art, hvis rette Plads inden Slegtens forskjellige Afdelin- ger endnu ikke kan bestemt angives, har et yderst eiendommeligt Ud- seende og synes meget karakteristisk, fornemmelig ved de hoist eien- dommelige Topblade og Perichetialblade. Den blev kaldet Bryum pa- ganum, kun fordi den blandt alle de nye Brya sidst fik sit Navn. Af denne vakre Plante findes rigelige Exemplarer fra North Devon, under omtrent 76° nordlig Bredde, samlede paa sumpig Grund i Selskab med Bryum calophyllum og obtusifolium, Hypnum tundre og tur- gescens. 194. Bryum pallens Sw. Exemplarer findes i Samlingen fra folgende Steder. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord (c. fr.), Havnefjord (c. fr.),. Ren- bugten (c. fr.), Landsend og Isachsens Fjord; North Kent (300 M. o. H.); North Devon: Borgoen; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Cape Viole og Beitstadfjorden under 79° nordlig Bredde. Arten er tidligere kjendt fra Spitzbergen, Gronland og Alaska, paa hvilke samtlige Steder den synes at forekomme meget sparsomt. 41898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 111 195. Bryam langvidum Hacen. 1 karakteristiske Exemplarer samlet i Lastreeadalen i Ellesmere Land, under omtrent 78° 45’ nordlig Bredde, i Selskab med Mnium affine og hymenophylloides samt Bryum pendulum. Tidligere kjendt kun fra Disko ved Gronlands Vestkyst under 70° nordlig Bredde. 196. Bryam ventricosum Dicks. I disse, som i andre arktiske Egne, blandt de mere almindelige Arter, oftest forekommende i Former med korte spredte Blade. Kong Oscars Land: Moskusfjord, Sydkapfjord, Renbugten og Gaasefjord (c. fr.); North Devon; North Lincoln: Framfjord; N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord; Ellesmere Land: Cape Rutherford, Eskimo- polis, Bedford Pim Isl. og Skreellinggen. Var. synoicum ARNELL. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord (c. fr.). Var. subteres Bryun & Ryan, var. nov. Habitu Bryo tereti persimilis. Surculus floribus masculis gemme- formibus numerosis nodosus. Folia caulina breviora et densiora. Cilia nodosa. De cetero cum typo congruens. Denne nye Varietet findes ogsaa fra Havnefjord (c. fr.). 197. Bryum crispulum Hawpee. Exemplarer findes fra saavel den sydligste, som den nordligste Del af det undersogte Landomraade, dog kun sterile. North Devon; North Lincoln; North Kent; Kong Oscars Land: Isachsens Fjord, Excrementbugten, Gaasefjord og Havnefjord; N. V. Gronland; Ellesmere Land: Lastreeadalen, Cape Rutherford, Bedford Pim Isl. og Beitstadfjorden under 79° nordlig Bredde. Var. densifolium Bryun & Ryan, var. nov, Differt e typo foliis imbricatim congestis, alternatim majoribus mi- noribusqve. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn. Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgrendse var ved 74° 40’ paa Gron- lands QOstkyst. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM 112 N. BRYHN. 198. Bryum tomentosum Liner. ce. fr. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Moskusfjord og Sydkapfjord; Ellesmere Land: Bedford Pim Isl., Glacier Valley og Cape Ruther- ford under 78° 50’ nordlig Bredde. Var. subsphericum Bryun & Ryan, var. nov. Capsula ovalis—subglobosa. Spori minores, ad 0.027 mm. magni, fus- cescentes. Ceterum cum typo congruens. Kong Oscars Land: Moskusfjord paa sumpig Jord i Selskab med Hovedarten og med Brywm penduluin, Tortula mucronifolia og Hyp- num tundre. Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgreendse var ved 70°, nemlig Laxelven i Finmarken og Disko i Vest-Gronland. 199. Bryum arcticum R. Br. c. fr. Denne Art horer blandt de mere almindelige Moser i disse Egne, og den findes 1 Samlingen oftere i vakre rene og rigt frugtherende Tuer. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Moskusfjord, Gaasefjord og Ex- crementbugten; North Devon; N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord; Elles- mere Land: Framshavn, Cape Viole, Glacier Valley, Bedford Pim Isl. og Cape Rutherford. Var. /Jatiannulatum Bryun & Ryan, var. nov. Annulus qvintuplex—sextuplex, difficile solubilis. Commissura inter- lamellares rariores. Ceterum typo persimilis. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, hvor denne Varietet er samlet forholdsvis rigelig 1 Selskab med Timmia norvegica var. excurrens og Timmia austriaca samt Amblystegium Spruce. Denne haardfore Art horer blandt de Brya, der findes langst mod Nord og dog er vel udviklet og rigt frugtberende. Saaledes forekom- mer den ogsaa paa Spitzbergen med rigelig Frugt omtrent til Vege- tationens yderste Nordgreendse. 200. Brywm arcuatum Liner. c. fr. Exemplarer af denne sjeldne Art findes fra kun 2 Steder. North Devon: Havhestberget, paa Excrementer i Selskab med Voitia hyperborea, Tortula mucronifolia og Amblystegium filicinum; Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord, under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde, paa 1898— 1902. No. eg BRYOPHYTA. 113 sumpig Grund i Selskab med Didymodon rubellus, Desmatodon sub- erectus, Encalypta rhabdocarpa og Leptobryum pyriforme. Arten er tidligere foruden i Norge, ogsaa samlet paa Gronlands Vest- og Ostkyst ved 70—71° nordlig Bredde. 201. Bryum micans Liner. c. fr. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord, paa Excrementer sammen med Haplodon Wormskjoldii, Brywm pendulum, Ceratodon purpureus og Orthothectum chryseum; Ellesmere Land: Bedford Pim Isl., under 78° 40’ nordlig Bredde, paa sumpig Jord i Selskab med Brywm tomen- tosuin og Webera cruda. Tidhgere kjendte Nordgrandse for denne sjeldne Art var ved 70° 30 paa Gronlands @stkyst. 202. Bryum pendulum (Hornscu.) Scurpe. c. fr. Den mest almindelige Art inden Slegten, der neppe mangler paa noget af de undersggte Voxesteder. Planten er 1 de fleste Tilfeelde mere eller mindre afvigende fra Exemplarer, samlede under sydlige Breddegrader, idet specielt det vegeta- tive System ikke opnaar den Storrelse og Frodighed, som hos disse. Oltest forekommer Arten i compacte nogle Millimeter hoie Tuer, der kun under gunstige Forholde naar Centimeteren og derover. Bladenes Storrelse staar i Forhold hertil, ligesaa Seta, der sjelden opnaar en Centi- meters Hoide. Ogsaa Kapselen er som Regel meget mindre, end nor- malt. Peristomets Heide staar i Forhold til Kapselens Leengde, dets Lamellers Bolgeform er ikke altid tydelig udtalt og de interlamellere Forbindelser varierer betydelig 1 Antal. Sporerne, der ikke altid modnes, er ogsaa soni Regel mindre og opnaar sjelden en Storrelse af 0.025— 0.026 mm. Blomsterstanden er oftest heteroic, ogsaa autoic, sjeldnere synoic. I Juni Maaned, paa den Tid da Frugterne i det sydlige Norge er modne, findes i disse hoinordiske Egne de nye Frugter saavidt synlige over Perichetierne. Heller ikke 1 Slutningen af Juli og 1 Begyndelsen af August er de modne, saa der er al Sandsynlighed fot, at Modningen fortseettes det folgende Aar. Var. striolatum Bryun & Ryan, var. nov. Differt e typo dentibus exostomii elimbati punctato-striolatis et com- missuris interlamellaribus crassioribus. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord, hvor denne Varietet er samlet i Selskab med Hovedarten, Mnium affine og Amblystegium filicinum var. curvicaule. 8 114 N. BRYHN. [2nD ARC. EXP. FRAM Var. arctobryoides Bryun & Ryan, var. nov. Differt e typo ciliis ternis appendiculatis exothecio adherentibus. Kong Oscars Land: Moskusfjord, paa sumpig Jord sammen med Ceratodon purpureus, Mnium medium og Hypnum polycarpon. Bryum pendulum er ogsaa i andre arktiske Egne forholdsvis al- mindelig udbredt. Den er paa Spitzbergen samlet med rigelig og vel udviklet Frugt lige op til 80° 30’ nordlig Bredde. 203. Bryum compactum Horwscu. c. fr. Meget mindre almindelig, end foregaaende meget ner beslegtede Art. Sikre Exemplarer cr iagttagne kun fra Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord og Gaasefjord. 204. Bryum Fridtzii Hacen, c. fr. Vakre og forholdsvis righoldige Exemplarer findes fra folgende 2 Steder. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord, hvor Planten er samlet paa Excrementer og Cadavere sammen med Bryum pendulum, Voitia hy- perborea og Haplodon Wormskjoldii; Ellesmere Land: Glacier Valley, under 78° 45’ nordlig Bredde, paa sumpig Jord i Selskab med Bryum arcticum og crispulwm var. densifolium samt Tetraplodon pallidus. Arten er tidligere kjendt kun fra Norge (Alstahaug). 205. Bryum penduliforme Bryun & Ryan, sp. nov. Cespites densissimi, 2 cm. alti, intus ferruginei, summo apice luteo- virentes. . Surculus erectus, innovationibus et floriferis inferne subnudis apice comantibus iterum iterumqve superpositis et sterilibus subcomalibus uni- formiter foliosis valde ramosus, tomento denso papilloso ferrugineo vestitus. Caulis ruber, circiter 0.2 mm. crassus, sectione transversa rotundato- multangulus, fasciculo centrali 0.03 mm. crasso, cellulis intermediis lepto- dermibus, periphericis in stratis duobus—tribus minoribus et valde in- crassalis. Folia caulina infima et inferiora parva, partim in tomento occulta, erecto-patentia, e basi lato ovata —- late ovalia, obtusa vel subito acu- minata, haud decurrentia, 0.5—0.9 mm. longa et 0.83—0.4 mm. lata, margine plano elimbata. 1898— 1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 115 Folia caulina apicalia subito majora in comam penicilliformem con- gesta, siccitate torla, humiditate erecto-patentia, concava, supra basin angustiorem ad angulos plus minusve subito auriculeeformiter dilatata, dein ovata vel ovato-lanceolata, in apicem longiorem lzevem vel denti- culatum sensim angustata, margine plus minusve late reflexa et seriebus 1—8 cellularum limbata, ad 1.7 mm. longa et 0.78 mm. lata. Rete cellulare supra basin rubrum, cellulis rectangulis; cellule an- gulorum dilatatorum qvadrato-inflate, ceteree hexagono-rhombee, 0.033 —0.06 mm. longe et 0.011—0.017 mm. late. Costa basi ad 0.07 mm. lata et rubra, ceterum luteo-virens, in foliis comantibus ‘percurrens, in ceteris sub apice dissoluta. Folia perichetialia interna parva, margine plana, limbo nullo cincta. Inflorescentia heteroica, floribus femineis numerosis, bisexualibus masculisqve minus numerosis. Florum bisexualium pistillidia et anthe- ridia pauca, illa 0.5, haec 0.46 mm. longa; paraphyses rubro-lutescentes longiores. Flores masculi gemmeformes; folia perigonialia interna late obovata subito in apicem contracta, marginibus planis serie unica cellu- larum rectangularum limbatis, costa tenuissima infra medium definiente. Seta 6—8 mm. alta, mediocriter crassa, rigidula, inferne rubro-fusca, superne luteo-fusca. Capsula nutans vel pendula, ovalis+-obovata, sicca sub ore haud an- gustata, operculata 1.5 mm. longa et 0.75 mm. crassa, immatura vires- cens et nitens, matura luteo-fusca et opaca; collum breve, longitudine dimidium sporangii, et in sporangium et in setam sensim transgressum, siccitate plicatulum. Cellule epidermice sporangii mediocriter incrassate, marginales in seriebus 1—2 transverse rectangule, submarginales in seriebus duabus magne qvadrate collenchymatice, cetere elongato-rectangule cum qva- dratis mixte, parietibus -flexuosis; ille colli irregulares, multangule et ~ rectangulee cum rotundatis mixte, stomatibus late ovalibus, 0.05 mm. longis. Exostomii dentes e fundo rubro 0.044 mm. alto, vix lacunoso, in- ferne convexo, 0.3 mm. alti et basi 0.055—0.06 mm. lati, eqvaliter vel supra medium paullo citius angustati, dimidio inferiore lutescenti, supe- riore hyalino et levi, subelimbati; sculula qvadrata vel late rectangula, densissime punctulata; linea dorsalis pene recta; lamelle circiter 14, undulate (ut in Bryo pendulo), septis singulis inter se conjuncte. Endostomium exostomio adherens, pallidum; membrana 0.11 mm. alta, levis; processus lineari-lanceolati, sparse papilloso-punctulati, exo- 116 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM stomio breviores, foraminibus inferne anguste oblongis, superne rime- formibus, pertusi; cilia nulla. Annulus duplex, fragmentarie secedens. Operculum acute conicum, capsule concolor, 0.45 mm. latum. Spori 0.02—0.022 mm. magni, virides, subleves. Denne nye Art staar Bryum pendulum meget ner, men ansees tilstrekkelig adskildt og forskjellig fornemmelig derved, at der konstant findes kun en Tverforbindelse mellem Lamellerne, samt ved de smaa gronne Sporer. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde, 1 Selskab med Amblystegiwm Spruce. 206. Bryum confluens JorcENsEN. Denne sjeldne Art er paavist fra kun 2 Steder i Ellesmere Land: Glacier Valley og Cape Rutherford, under 78° 50’ nordlig Bredde. Paa begge Steder er Planten samlet paa sumpig Jord, paa det forst- nevnte Sted 1 Selskab' med Brywm autumnale og Conostomum bo- reale, paa det andet Sted sammen med Bryum pendulum og tomen- tosum samt Lophozia Binsteadii, Odontoschisma Macounii og andre Arter. Arten er tidligere kjendt kun fra det nordlige Norge. Mniacee. 207. Mnium orthorrhynchum Brw. Findes i Samlingen fra mange Steder; men, ligesom de ovrige Arter inden Slegten, oftest sparsomt indspreengt blandt andre Moser enkeltvis eller i ganske faa Individer. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Gaasefjord, Excrementbugten og Vendomkap; Ellesmere Land: mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen, under 79° nordlig Bredde. Var. nivale PFerr. North Devon: Havhestberget; North Lincoln: Framfjord; Kong Oscars Land: Renbugten og Vendomkap. Arten er ogsaa kjendt fra Gronland, Spitzbergen og Sibirien. 208. Mnium Blyttii Bryov. Kur. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord og Gaasefjord. Denne Art er tidligere kjendt fra Spitzbergen, derimod ikke fra det arktiske Amerika. : 1898— 1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 117 209. Mnium medium Bryou. Eur. var, curvatulum (Linps.) Kinps. Denne Art, hele Samlingens eneste Mniuwm, der er samlet i fertil Tilstand og med Frugtstilke findes fra folgende Steder, North Devon: Havhestberget ; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Gaasefjord, Moskusfjord og Landsend; N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord ; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Lastraadalen og Beitstadfjorden under 79° nordlig Bredde. 210. Mnium affine Buann. var. integrifolia (Linps.) Liver. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Gaaseljord og Excrementbugten ; North Devon: Havhestherget; Cardigan Strait: Djevlesen; North Lincoln: Framfjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Skreellingoen og Eskimopolis (78° 50’ nordl. Bredde). Begge disse 2 sidst omtalte Arter er kjendt ogsaa fra Sibirien, Spitzbergen, Gronland og Alaska. 211. Mnium hymenophylloides Hin. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Renbugten og Landsend; Elles- mere Land: Framshavn, Lastreadalen og Beitstadfjorden samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen under 79° nordlig Bredde. Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgreendse var ved omtrent 71° paa Gronlands Vestkyst. 212. Mnium subglobosum Br. Evr. North Devon: Havhestberget; Ellesmere Land,: Lastreadalen under 78° 45’ nordlig Bredde. Var. subelimbatum Bryun, var. nov. Folia e basi versus apicem serie cellularum singula limbata, ipso apice limbo nullo instructo. Ceterum typo similis. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord; Cardigan Strait: Djevlegen. Paa disse to Steder, der begge ligger under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde, er denne Varietet sparsomt plukket ud af tactte Mosetuer. Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgrandse var ved 72° 25’ paa Gron- lands Vestkyst. 213. Mnium punctatum (L.) Hepw. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, i Selskab med Amblystegium Sprucei, og ved Isachsens Fjord, under 78° nordlig Bredde, i Selskab med Cinclidium polare. _ Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgraendse var ved 71° 25’1 Finmarken. 118 [2ND ARC, EXP. FRAM N. BRYHN. 214. Cinclidium subrotundam Lipp. Synes at vere almindelig forekommende over hele det undersggte Landomraade, men nesten udelukkende som sparsom Bestanddel af Blandingstuer. Den er den eneste Art inden Slegten, der 1 Samlingen findes i frugtberende Tilstand, men med Frugt findes den kun fra et eneste Voxested, og Kapslerne er elendig smaa 1 Sammenligning med skandinaviske Exemplarers Kapsler. North Lincoln: Framfjord; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Moskusfjord, Renbugten, Gaasefjord og Landsend; North Kent (800 M. o. H.); N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Cape Viole, Cape Rutherford, Skrellingoen (c. fr.), Beitstadfjorden og mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen under 79° nordlig Bredde. Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgreendse var ved 71° paa Gronlands Ostkyst. 215. Cinclidium arcticum (Br. Eur.) C. M. Exemplarer af denne sjeldne Art findes i Samlingen kun fra Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Gaasefjord og Renbugten, under 76° 40° nordlig Bredde. Saavidt mig bekjendt er denne Art for samlet kun paa meget faa Steder 1 Norge og paa Beeren Eiland, der er beliggende under 74° nordlig Bredde. 216. Cinclidium polare (Kinps.) BRYHN, sp. nov. (C. arcticum Bereer. p. p. & C. arcticum subsp. polare Kips.) Cinclidio arctico, qvocum adhuc commutatum fuit, proximum. Spe- cies iste propinqve hocce modo facillime distingvuntur. Cinclidium arcticum. Ceespites laxi, virentes, apice ru- fescentes. Folia caulina majora (3—5 mm. longa et 2—3 mm. lata), obovata summo apice breviter acuminata. Cellule folii basilares elongato- rectangule (ter—qvatter longiores qvam latiores), porose, nec collen- chymatice, ceterz irregulares, pen- tagone et hexagon, magnitudine variz, juxta costam multo majores, haud collenchymatice. Cinclidium polare. Ceespites densi, rubro-fusces- centes. Folia caulina minora (2—2.25 mm. longa et 1.5 mm. lata), e medio sensim acuminata, dimidio inferiore late ovato, superiore late triangulari. Cellule folii rectangule (dimidium longiores qvam basilares breviter latiores), collenchymatice, nec po- rose, cetere subregulares, rotun- dato-qvadrate, subeeqvimagne, op- time collenchymatice. 1898 —1902. No. 111] BRYOPHYTA. 419 Cinclidium polare er i disse Egne meget mere almindelig, end Cinclidium arcticum. Den voxer enten i tette ublandede Tuer eller ogsaa spredt blandt andre Sumpmoser. Dens mest trofaste Ledsager er Cinclidium subrotundumn. Exemplarer findes fra folgende talrige Steder. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Moskusfjord, Gaasefjord, Excrementbugten, Isachsens Fjord; North Kent (300 M. o. H.); North Lincoln: Framfjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Lastreadalen, Bedford Pim. Isl. og Cape Rutherford. Arten er tidligere kjendt kun fra Spitzbergen med Nordgrandse ved 80°. 917. Cinelidium hymenophyllum (Br. Eur.) Linn. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Moskusfjord, Gaasefjord, Excre- mentbugten og Landsend; North Lincoln: Framfjord; Ellesmere Land: Lastreadalen, Cape Rutherford, Glacier Valley og Bedford Pim Isl. _ Planten er kjendt ogsaa fra Spitzbergen og andre arktiske Egne. Meeseacee. 918. Catascopium nigritum (Hepw.) Brin. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Moskusfjord, Gaasefjord, Ren- bugten, Excrementbugten, Landsend; North Kent (300 M. 0. H.); North Lincoln: Framfjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Cape Rutherford, Eskimopolis, Beitstadfjorden samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen. Forekommer som Regel i en kortbladet teet tuet steril Form. 219. Meesea triqvetra (L.) Anestr. Blandt de mest almindelige Sumpmoser, der neppe mangler paa noget af de undersogte Voxesteder og her kan opnaa stor Frodighed. Den er saaledes iagttaget i lige til 15—20 cm. dybe ublandede Tuer, dog altid steril. 990. Meesea trichodes (L.) Spruce, ¢. fr. Kong’ Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Gaasefjord, Moskusfjord og Landsend; North Lincoln: Framfjord; Ellesmere Land: Lastrea- dalen og Skrallingsen samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen CA” a Bah Saavel disse 2 Arter Meesea, som Catascopium, er ogsaa kjendt fra Spitzbergen og andre arktiske Egne. N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC, EXP. FRAM Aulacomniaces. 221. Aulacomnium palustre (L.) Scuwer. Vest-Gronland: Egedesminde; N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Glacier Valley, Lastreeadalen, Cape Viole og Skrellinggen. Overalt steril. 999, Aulacomnium turgidum (WaHLENB.) ScHwer. Overalt en af de allermest almindelige Moser. Med vel udviklede — Frugter fra Glacier Valley og Lastreadalen 1 Ellesmere Land. Begge disse Arter Aulacomnium er almindelige i alle undersogte arktiske Egne og gaar paa Spitzbergen omtrent til Vegetationens yderste Nordgreendse. 223. Aulacomnium acuminatum (Arn. & Linps.) Par. Denne sjeldne og serdeles let iginefaldende Art synes at vere be- tydelig mere sjelden, end de to foregaaende Arter. Forholdsvis rigelige, omend sterile, Exemplarer findes i nasten ublandede Tuer fra folgende Steder. North Lincoln: Framfjord; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Moskusfjord og Gaasefjord under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde. Denne Art er tidligere kjendt kun fra Jenisejdalen 1 Sibirien, og dens tidligere kjendte Nordgreendse var 68° 30’. Bartramiaces. 994, Bartramia ityphylla Bri. var. strigosa WAHLENB. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord (c. fr); N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord. 225. Plagiopus Oederi (Gunn.) Limpr. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord (c. fr.) og Gaasefjord; North Kent (300 M. o. H.). 296. Conostomum boreale Sw. Kong Oscars Land: Isachsens Fjord; Ellesmere Land: Glacier Valley (c. fr.), Cape Viole og Lastraeadalen (c. fr.). Alle disse 3 sidst neevnte Arter synes overalt at forekomme meget sparsomt i disse Egne, hvilket angives at vere Tilfeeldet ogsaa paa Spitzbergen og Gronland. 1898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 121 227. Philonotis alpicola Jur. Blandt de allermest almindelige Sumpmoser, der ikke mangler paa noget af de undersogte Steder. Planten forekommer ofte i tette, ublan- dede og indtil 20 Centimeter dybe Tuer, dog oftest som Bestanddel af mere eller mindre brogede Blandingstuer. Den er ikke samlet med Frugt, findes med Hunblomster (9) fra Gaasefjord 1 Kong Oscars Land og fra Beitstadfjorden i Ellesmere Land, med Hanblomster (<7) kun fra Gaasefjord. Arten er rimeligvis almindelig i alle arktiske Lande. 298. Philonotis cespitosa Wus. Meget sjelden og samlet kun paa to Steder. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord og Gaasefjord uader 76° 30° nordlig Bredde. Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgreendse var ved 70° 30’ paa Gron- lands Qstkyst. Timmiacee. 999. Timmia austriaca Hepw. I steril Tilstand overalt meget almindelig paa sumpige Steder. Fore- kommer nesten udelukkende som forma arctica (Kinps.) ARNELL. 230. Timmia norvegica ZETT. Ligeledes i steril Tilstand en af de mest almindelig forekommende Sumpmoser. Var. excurrens BRYHN, var. nov. Folia breviora, costa longius breviusve excurrenti mucronata. Cete- rum typo similis. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord og Gaasefjord. Planten er ogsaa forovrigt noget varierende. Saaledes findes fra Djevlesen i Cardigan Strait rigelige Exemplarer af en forma brevi- folia med stumpe Blade, der kun er halvt saa lange, som almindelig. Begge disse 2 Arter Timmia kjendes ogsaa fra Gronland og Spitzbergen. 231. Timmia bavarica Hess. North Devon: Borgoen; North Lincoln: Framfjord; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord (c. fr.) og Gaasefjord (c. fr.). Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgrandse var ved omtrent 71° 25 paa Gronland, 122 N. BRYHN. |2ND ARC, EXP. FRAM Polytrichacex. 232. Psilopilam levigatum (Wautens.) Linpp. Overraskende sjelden. Den findes nemlig kun 1 nogle faa sterile Individer indspreengt i Mosetuer fra Gaasefjord 1 Kong Oscars Land samt 1 rigelige frugtberende Exemplarer fra Glacier Valley 1 Elles- mere Land. Denne er en rent arktisk Art, tidligere vel kjendt fra de fleste under- sogte arktiske Egne, med Nordgreendse over Spitzbergen. 233. Polytrichum alpinum L. Overalt blandt de mest almindelige Arter under forskjellige Former, blandt hvilke Var. stmplea Scamp. forekommer hyppigt. Exemplarer med Frugt findes kun fra folgende faa Voxesteder. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord og Landsend; Ellesmere Land: Glacier Valley og Eskimopolis (78° 50’ n. B.). Arten har en stor Udbredelse over alle arktiske Lande. 234, Polytrichum fragile Bryun, sp. nov. (Tab. I, fig. 3). Inter alios muscos solitarium vel cespites laxos ad 6 cm. altos, in- tus luteo-fuscescentes, apice pallide luteo-virentes, formans. Surculus erectus, simplex, vel ramum unum alterumve emittens, in- ferne subnudus, supra medium mediocriter dense et uniformiter foliatus, inferne tomento albescenti subleevi plus minusve copiose obsitus, habitu ob partes foliorum vaginantes albido- vel luteo-splendentes persistentes, laminis foliorum abruptis, peculiari insignis. Caulis luteo-fuscescens, pentagono-rotundatus, 0.4 mm. crassus, fas- ciculo centrali 0.09 mm. crasso male definito, reti intermedio ad fascicu- lum centralem tenui, peripheriam versus magis magisqve incrassato, strato corticali duplici, cellulis minutis stereideis luteo-fuscescentibus, su- perficie cellulis prominulis scabridus. Folia caulina rigida, fere coriacea, sicca haud mutata, e basi ap- presso-vaginanti erecto-patentia. Pars vaginans nitida rectangula, 2 mm. longa et 1 mm. lata; lamina opaca e basi subovato sensim lanceolata, 3.5 mm. longa et 0.5—0.6 mm. lata. In lmitibus inter partem folii vaginantem laminamqve margo folii uterqve sinu 0.06 mm. profundo obtuse emarginatus, ubi lamina con- tactu lenissimo decidua. Margines laminares erecti vel superne levissime incurvi, integri, apice excepto, dentibus nonnullis obtusiusculis et remotis serrato, , 1898— 1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 123 Basis folii e cellulis inanibus composita, pellucidis, rectangularibus, 0.075 mm. langis et 0.0095 mm. latis, parum incrassatis, marginalibus leptodermibus, angustioribus, elongato-rhomboideis, limbum distinctum formantibus. Lamina maxima parte bistrata, ad marginem in seriebus cellularum 4—6 unistrata; cellule partis unistrate transverse rectangule, 0.016 mm. latee et 0.012 mm. longe, collenchymatice. Costa inferne 0.12, superne 0.18 mm. lata, in mucronem 0.25 mm. longum serratum excurrens, dorso prominulo levis, e duabus seriebus indicum numerosorum, cellulis centralibus majoribus et fasciculis sterei- darum duabus validis constructa. Lamelle ad 30, e costa laminaqve bistrata egresse, haud undulate, densee, e cellulis superpositis circiter 10 conformate, ad 0.15 mm. alte; cellule chlorophylliferee regulares, rotundato-rectangulares, circiter 0.0125 mm. longe et paullo breviores, cellule marginales duplo majores, ovales, apice valde incrassato grosse papillosee (ut in Polytricho alpino). Cetera ignota. Denne nye Art maa paa Grund af Lamellernes Bygning ansees for at staa Polytrichum alpinum nermest. Fra denne er den forskjellig ved de yderst let affaldende Blade med den eiendommelige Indskjering paa Overgangen mellem Bladplade og Bladskede, ved de kun i den yderste Spids svagt tandede Blade, de smale Bladkanter, den paa Ryg- gen utandede Nerve, ferre Lameller o. s. v. Planten er ikke almindelig, den voxer i Sumpe og er samlet kun 1 den nordlige Del af det undersogte Landomraade og dels i rene Tuer, dels som sparsom Bestanddel af Blandingstuer. N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord under 78° 20’ nordlig Bredde; Elles- mere Land: Cape Viole, Lastreadalen, Bedford Pim Isl. og Cocked Hat Isl. under 78° 50’ nordlig Bredde. 935. Polytricham juniperinum Wu. Ikke almindelig og ligesom de folgende Arter inden Slegten ikke samlet med Frugt. Vest-Gronland: Egedesminde; Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord ; Ellesmere Land: Cape Viole, Lastreadalen, Cape Rutherford og Eski- mopolis (78° 50’ n. B.). Var. alpinum Scuimp. N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord. 194 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP.FRAM 936. Polytrichum strictam Banks. Vest-Gronland: Egedesminde; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord og Gaasefjord; Ellesmere Land: Cape Viole, Lastraadalen, Eskimo- polis og Beitsladfjorden (79° n. B.). 237. Polytrichum hyperboreum R. Br. Overraskende sjelden. Kong Oscars Land: Isachsens Fjord (yderst sparsomt samlet); Ellesmere Land: Glacier Valley, hvorfra Planten er hjembragt i rige- lige og nesten ublandede Tuer. Alle disse 3 sidst navnte Arter Polytrichum har deres Nordgreendse over Spitzbergen. 238. Polytrichum piliferum Scures. Nogle faa sterile Individer er iagttagne fra Havnefjord i Kong Oscars Land, under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde, sammen med Polytri- chum alpinum og Timmia austriaca forma arctica. Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgraendse var ved 74° paa Gronlands Ostkyst. Leskeacex. 239. Myurella julacea (Vitu.) Bryou. Eur. Denne Plante er en meget almindelig Bestanddel af Blandingstuer og mangler neppe paa noget af de undersogte Voxesteder. I rene Tuer er den meget sjelden samlet. Den mangler Frugt, ligesom ogsaa alle de vvrige folgende Moser med sidestillet Frugt, paa 2 Undtagelscr ner. 240. Myurella apiculata (Hie.) Bryou. Eur. Forekommer paa samme Maade, sor: foregaaende og er ligesom denne hjembragt fra samtlige undersogte Steder. Begge Arter har den hidtil kjendte Nordgreendse over Spitzbergen. 941. Leskea nervosa (Brip.) Myriy. Sparsomme Exemplarer findes fra Vendomkap 1 Kong Oscars Land, under 76° 25’ nordlig Bredde, samlede i Selskab med Orthothe- cium chryseum og strictum, Hypnum Vaucheri og revolutum. Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgreendse var ved 70° 25’ i Fin- marken. . 1898 —1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 125 242. Heterocladium Macounii Best. Ellesmere Land: Beitstadfjorden, under 79° nordlig Bredde, meget sparsomt blandt Ditrichum flexicaule, Schistidium gracile og apo- carpum var. ovatum. Ny for de arktiske Egne. 943. Thuidium abietinum (L.) Bryov. Eur. Rigelige Exemplare i rene Tuer findes fra Havnefjord 1 Kong Oscars Land. Denne Art, den eneste inden Slegten, der forekommer i arktiske Egne, er ogsaa i Gronland og paa Spitzbergen en sjelden Plante. ‘ 244. Pterygynandrum filiforme (Tim.) Hepw. Kong Oscars Land: Vendomkap. Planten er samlet yderst spar- somt blandt Orthotheciwm chryseum og Bryum elegans. Nordgreendse over Spitzbergen ved 80° 30’. Hypnacex. 245. Orthothecium rufescens (Dicxs.) Br. Eur. Sjelden, sparsomt indspreengt blandt andre Moser og samlet kun i den sydligste Del af det undersogte Landomraade. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord og Moskusfjord, ved 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde, i Selskab med Orthothecium chryseum, Cinclidium hymenophyllum og Aulacomnium acuminatum. Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgrendse var ved 70° i Finmarken. 246. Orthothecium intricatum (Harr.) Br. Eur. Ligeledes sjelden og sparsomt blandt andre Moser. Kong Oscars Land: Havneljord og Gaasefjord; Ellesmere Land: mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen under 79° nordl. Bredde. Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgraendse var ved omtrent 70° i Fin- marken og paa Alaska. 947. Orthothecium chryseum (Scuwer.) Br. Eur. Ved Siden af Brachythecium salebrosum og Distichiwm capilla- ceum muligens den mest almindelige Moseart i disse Egne og overalt tilstedeveerende, enten indspreengt 1 Mosetuer eller ogsaa i rene, indtil 45 Centimeter dybe Tuer. Paa meget sumpige Steder, eller i Vand, optreder den som var. cochlearifolia Linps. eller som var. patula Kinps. 126 N. BRYHN. [QnD. ARC. EXP, FRAM 948. Orthothecium strictum Lor. Denne er ligeledes meget almindelig og mangler neppe paa noget Voxested. Begge disse to sidst omtalte Arter er almindelig forekommende i alle arktiske Egne, og de har begge Nordgrendse over Spitzbergen. 249. Orthothecium binervulum Mou. Sparsomme Exemplarer findes fra folgende faa Steder. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn og mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen under 79° nordlig Bredde. Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgreendse var ved omtrent 70° paa Gronlands Vestkyst. 250. Orthothecium acuminatum Bryun, sp. nov. (Tab. I. fig. 4). Inter alios muscos singularis, vel caspites parvos laxos, ad 3 cm. altos, haud coheerentes, Juleo-vel aureo-nitentes formans. “Surculus erectus, indivisus vel ramis paucis acutis fasciculato- ramosus. Caulis 0.2 mm. crassus, flavus, sectione transversa pentagono- rotundatus, fasciculo centrali 0.025 mm. crasso, male delimitato, reti intermedio laxo, luteo, collenchymatico, corticali in stratis cellularum tribus stereideo, flavo. Folia caulina haud decurrentia, lavissima, sulcis vel striis nullis, ecostata, ovata-triangularia, subito in apicem contracta acutum, 0.1-— 0.12 mm. longum, inferne e seriebus cellularum tribus, superne e cel- lula singula elongata formatum. Margines foliorum ubiqve plani et ob cellulas prominulas, preesertim apicem versus, minute sed acutissime serrata. Cellule folii basilares rectangule 0.009 mm. late et vulgo duplo— triplo longiores qvam latiores, flavescentes, valde incrassate et porose, superiores hexagono-rhomboidee, flexuose, 0.006—0.007 mm. late et sexies—octies longiores qvam latiores, minus incrassate, parce porose, apicales, summa (terminali) excepta, rhombee, triplo—qvatter longiores, qvam latiores. Cetera desunt. Denne nye Art, der habituelt mest ligner Orthothecium strictum er forskjellig fra denne og alle de ovrige Arter ved den eiendommelige Bladform og de skarpt sagede Bladkanter. Sparsomme Exemplarer findes fra folgende faa Steder. 1898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 197 Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord og Renbugten (76° 30’ nordl. Bredde); Ellesmere Land: Bedford Pim Isl. under 78° 45’ nordlig Bredde. 251. Brachythecium salebrosum (Horrm.) Br. Eur. Meget almindelig overalt paa alleslags Lokaliteter, helst i Sumpe. Forekommer dels i rene ublandede Tuer, dels i Blanding sammen med andre Moser. Den typiske Form er meget sjelden; Arten optreeder her oftest som en af de nedenfor navnte Varieteter eller ogsaa som Over- gangsform til en eller anden Varietet. Var. arcticum BERGGREN. Den mest almindelige Form, der findes omtrent overalt. Var. binervulum Bryuv, var. nov. (Tab. II, fig. 4). Folia breviora, supra medium subito angustata, esulcata. Cellule angulares bene delimitate parietibus valde incrassatis et porosis; costa tenuis bifurca, crure longiore infra medium dissoluto. Characteribus ceteris cum typo congruens. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord; Ellesmere Land: Beitstad- fjorden og mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen (79° nord]. Bredde). Var. turgidum Harr. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Gaasefjord og Excrementbugten ; North Devon: Havhestberget; Ellesmere Land: Eskimopolis, Beit- stadfjorden samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen. 952. Camptothecium nitens (Scures.) Scie. Synes at vere almindelig overalt. Exemplarer findes fra alle under- sogte Steder, og altid uden filthaaret Stilk, altsaa som Varieteten insignis Milde. Arten er ligesom Brachythecium salebrosum almindelig i alle ark- tiske Egne. 953. Euarhynchium strigosum (Horrm.) Bryot. Eur. Sparsomme Exemplarer er plukkede ud af tette Mosetuer fra fol- gende faa Steder. North Lincoln: Framfjord; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord ; Ellesmere Land: Bedford Pim Isl. under 78° 40° nordlig Bredde. Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgraendse var ved 74° 40' paa den mindre ~ Pendulum @ ved Gronlands Ostkyst. 128 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM 254, Eurhynchium diversifolium (Scaueicun.) Br. Eur. Meget sjelden og sparsomt samlet kun et eneste Sted, nemlig ved Gaasefjord i Kong Oscars Land, hvor Planten fandtes mellem Bryum pendulum og Hypnum revolutum. 955. Hurhynchium cirrosum (Scuwer.) Jore. Ligeledes hjembragt kun fra et eneste Sted. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord, hvor Planten er paavist spar- somt blandt andre Moser. Begge disse to sidstnevnte Arter forekommer ogsaa paa Spitz- bergen. 256. Isopterygium pulchelium (Dicxs.) Linps. I jordfyldte Bergspreekker og i Sumpe temmelig almindelig mellem andre Moser. Den er som Regel steril og har ofte et fremmed Ud- seende paa Grund af Bladene, der oftest er meget kortere end almin- delig. Findes fra et enkelt Sted med Frugt. North Devon: Borgsen; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Moskusfjord, Gaasefjord og Renbugten; North Kent (850 M. o. H.); N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Cape Rutherford (c. fr.), Lastreeadalen, Glacier Vailey, Cape Viole, Bedford Pim Isl., Beitstadfjorden og mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen (79° nordl. B.). Findes ogsaa paa Spitzbergen (Nordgrendse). 257. Amblystegium Sprucei (Brucu.) Bryon. Eur. Ikke sjelden 1 Sumpe og Bergspraekker. North Devon: Havhestberget og Borgoen; Cardigan Strait: Djevlesen; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Moskusfjord, Gaasefjord, Excrementbugten og Vendomkap; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Cape Rutherfjord og Beitstadfjorden samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola- Paulsen. Arten har sin Nordgreendse ved 80° 30’ over Spitzbergen. 258. Amblystegium filicinum (L.) Lins. Synes at vaere ganske almindelig i Sumpe. Exemplarer findes fra alle de undersagte Steder. Planten forekommer under flere Former; den typiske Art er sjelden, de fleste Former maa henregnes til Varieteten curvicaule (Jur.) eller Varieteten filiforme Brreer., enten de typiske Varieteter, eller en eller anden Overgangsform. Fra flere Steder findes en neesten haarfin tet 1898 — 1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 129 tuet Form, der har meget smaa Blade med meget kort Nerve og utyde- ligt udviklede Angularceller, mangler Paraphyllier og har Habitus som Amblystegium varium eller rigescens. Denne Form (Varieteten tenrte Bercor.) gaar ogsaa jevnt og uden skarpe Greendser over i de mere grove Former med udviklede Angularceller og Artens ovrige Karakterer. Arten optreeder med de samme Varieteter ogsaa paa Spitz- bergen. 259. Campylium protensum (Brwv.) Kinps. Sjelden og sparsomt indspreengt i teette Mosetuer. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord; Ellesmere Land: Beitstad- fjorden samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen, under 79° nordlig Bredde. Findes tidligere ikke anfort for hoiarktiske Egne. 260. Campylium stellatum (Scures.) Bryan. Denne er blandt de mest almindelige Arter og samlet paa alle under- sogte Steder. 261. Campylium polygamum (Br. Eur.) Bryun. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Moskusford, Gaasefjord og Ren- bugten; Ellesmere Land: Beitstadfjorden. Denne optraeder, ligesom foregaaende Art, af og til i en, af de korte Blade betinget, noksaa ukjendelig Dragt. Begge Arter har Nord- _grendse over Spitzbergen. 262. Hypnum (Hygrohypnum) polare Linps. Synes kun at forekomme paa Stene 1 Bekke og er ikke synderlig almindelig. Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord; N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord; Ellesmere Land: Glacier Valley, Bedford Pim Isl., Stahlknechts Isl. og Beitstadfjorden (79° nordl. Bredde). Var. falcatum Bryun. N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Bedford Pim Isl. og Cape Rutherford. Var. leptodictyon Bryun, var. nov. Cellule totius folii leptodemres, nunqvam porosee, angulares qva- drate numerose. Ceterum cum typo congruens. Rigelige Exemplarer findes i rene Tuer fra Gaasefjord i Kong Oscars Land. 9 130 N. BRYHN. [QnD ARC. EXP. FRAM Hypnum polare er forovrigt kjendt fra Sibirien, Nord-Europa, Pyreneerne, Beeren Eiland og Spitzbergen, hvor ligeledes Nord- greendsen er ved omtrent 79°. 963. Hypnum palustre Huns. Sjelden paa Stene i Beekke. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Moskusfjord og Gaasefjord, under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde. Arten er ny for de hoiarktiske Egne og hverken i Europa eller . i Asien tidligere samlet nordenfor 70° 10’. 964. Hypnum (Calliergon) giganteum ScuIMp. Denne synes at forekomme forholdsvis almindelig saavel 1 den syd- lige, som i den nordlige Del af det undersogte Landomraade. Vest-Gronland:; Godhavn; N. V.Gronland: Foulkefjord; North Lincoln: Framfjord; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Moskusfjord, Gaasefjord, Renbugten og Landsend; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Cape Viole, Bedford Pim Isl. og Cape Rutherford. 265. Hypnum stramineum Dicks. Meget sjelden og samlet kun ved Egedesminde i Vest-Gronland. 266. Hypnum sarmentosum WaHLENB. Blandt de mest almindelige Sumpmoser, der oftest er samlet som Bestanddel af Blandingstuer, men ogsaa i rene, dybe, Tuer. Vest-Gronland: Egedesminde; N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord; Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord og Renbugten; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn. Glacier Valley, Cape Viole, Lastreeadalen. Cape Rutherford, Eskimopolis, Skreellingoen og Beitstadfjorden (79° n. B.). Var. acuminatum Bryun, var. nov. Folia patentia versus apicem in acuminem brevem acutum, sepe in- curvum, subito contracta; auricule angulares vix excavate cellulis haud distincte delimitatis. De cetero typo persimilis. North Lincoln: Framfjord; Ellesmere Land: Cape Rutherford. 267. Hypnum trifarium W. M. Synes at vere sjelden. Exemplarer findes kun fra 2 Steder. North Lincoln: Framfjord; Ellesmere Land: Lastreadalen. 268. Hypnum turgescens Jens. Blandt de mest almindelige Sump- og Vandmoser. Exemplarer mangler neppe fra noget Sted, hvor der under Expeditionen er samlet Moser. 1898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA 131 269. Hypnum badium Hart. Ikke almindelig og samlet kun paa nogle Steder i Ellesmere Land: Lastreadalen, Glacier Valley, Cape Viole (forma virens) og Skrellingsen. Kun fra det sidstneevnte Sted nogenlunde rigelige Exem- plarer i forholdsvis ublandede Tuer. Samtlige her omtalte Arter af Underslegten Calliergon har deres Nordgreendse over Spitzbergen. 270. Hypnam (Drepanocladus) revolvens Sw. Synes at vere almindelig 1 Sumpe over hele det undersogte Land- omraade. 971. Hypnum intermedium Linpe. Udbredelse i disse Egne for denne Art, som for den foregaaende. Begge har deres Nordgreendse over Spitzbergen. 272. Hypnum Cossoni Scuimp. Sjelden. Exemplarer findes fra kun 2 Voxesteder, nemlig Moskus- fjord og Gaasefjord i Kong Oscars Land, under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde. Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgrendse var ved omtrent 70° paa Gronlands Qstkyst. 273. Hypnum Jatinerve ARNELL. Vakre Exemplarer i rene Tuer eller blandet med Hypnum gigan- teum og sarmentosum findes fra et eneste Voxested: Framshavn i Ellesmere Land under 78° 45’ nordlig Bredde. Denne meget sjeldne Plante er tidligere kjendt kun fra Jenissej- dalen i Sibirien, under 70° 20’ nordlig Bredde. 274. Hypnum brevifolium Linvs. Denne er en udpreget arktisk Art, der i disse Egne synes almin- delig udbredt overalt. Den er oftest blandet med andre Moser, er ogsaa hist og her samlet i ublandede, lige til 15—20 Centimeter dybe Tuer. North Devon: Havhestberget; North Lincoln: Framfjord ; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Moskusfjord, Gaasefjord, Sydkap- fjord, Renbugten og Isachsens Fjord; N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord ; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Cape Rutherford, Glacier Valley, Bed- ford Pim Isl., Stahlknechts Isl. og Beitstadfjorden. Arten er tidligere kjendt kun fra Beeren Eiland, Ost-Gronland og fra Spitzbergen. 132 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM 975. Hypnum latifolium Arnett & Linps. Ligeledes en egte arktisk Art, der i disse Egne synes endnu mere almindelig, end foregaaende. Exemplarer, tildels i rigelig Maengde, findes fra folgende Steder. North Devon: Havhestherget; North Lincoln: Framfjord; North Kent; N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Renbugten, Excrementbugten, Landsend og Isachsens Fjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Cape Rutherford, Lastraeadalen og Beit- stadfjorden samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen. I det arktiske Sibirien danner den paa sumpige Steder ofte Masse- vegetation. Den har, ligesom sidst omtalte Art, Nordgrandse over Spitzbergen. Denne Art viser adskillig Tilboielighed til at variere med Hensyn til Storrelse. Den forekommer snart i Former, der minder om Hypnam polycarpon, snart i meget mere grove Former. De groveste Former er ifolge Warnstorr = Hypnum lycopodioides varietas brevifolium BERGGREN. 976. Hypnum uncinatum Hepw. Denne er i disse Egne, ligesom ogsaa i alle andre hidtil underssgte arktiske Egne, en af de mest almindelige Mosearter. Var. subjulaceum Br. Eur. (Hypn. orthothecioides Linps.) - I hele Samlingen er denne Varietet ved Siden af Isopterygium pul- chellum den eneste pleurocarpe Mose med Frugt, dog ikke med rigelig Frugt, idet den findes med en eneste Frugt, der i enhver Henseende ligner Frugten hos Hovedarten. Denne Varietet, der i enkelte andre arktiske Egne nesten er dominerende ved Siden af Hovedarten, synes i disse Egne at vere sjelden. Exemplarer findes ialfald kun fra fol- gende 3 Steder. Vest Gronland: Egedesminde; Kong Oscars Land: Havne- fjord (c. fr.) og Excrementbugten. 277. Hypnum polycarpon Buanp. Denne findes ikke sjelden 1 Sumpe, af og til ogsaa i nesten ublan- dede teette Tuer. 7 North Lincoln: Framfjord; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Moskusfjord, Gaasefjord, Vendomkap, Excrementbugten og Landsend; North Devon; Cardigan Strait: Djevlesen; N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, Cape Rutherford og Beit- 1898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 133 stadfjorden samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen, under 79° nordlig Bredde. Arten er ogsaa samlet paa Spitzbergen (Hypnum Kuneiffii BErGGR.). . 278. Hypnum exannulatum Gime. forma submersa. Vest-Gronland: Godhavn, i Selskab med Hypnum giganteum; Ellesmere Land: Skrellinggen i Alexandrafjord under 78° 50‘ nordl. Bredde. Paa det sidstneevnte Sted er den samlet rigelig i rene dybe Tuer. Paa begge Steder i Damme. Nordgrendse over Spitzbergen. 279. Hypnam tundre (Arnett) Jorc. (Tab. I, fig. 2). Ikke sjelden i Sumpe. North Devon; North Lincoln; North Kent; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Gaasefjord, Moskusfjord og Vendomkap; Ellesmere Land: Framshavn, samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen under 79° nordlig Bredde. Denne med Hypnum exannulatum og Hypnum purpurascens ner beslegtede Art er karakteristisk ved de korte bredt eg-lancet- formede, overst pludselig til en smal sylformet Spids sammendragne Blade, ved de korte Bladceller og ved Bladhjornernes Bygning. Blad- hjorncellerne danner en vel begrandset trekantet Gruppe, langs Blad- kanterne 5—6 Celler hoi; samtlige Celler store, i eldre Tilstand for- tykkede og brunfarvede; Gruppens nederste Rad bestaar af forlengede, rundagtig-rectanguleere oppustede Celler, som naar helt til den kraftige Nerve. Arten ligner i Habitus, Bladform og Celleveev enkelte Former (Var. filiforme og curvicaule) af Amblystegiwm filicinum i den Grad, at disse Planter ofte vanskelig kan adskilles uden ved den forskjellige Byg- ning af Bladbasis. At Planten er den egte Hypnum tundre, har jeg overbevist mig om ved at sammenligne den med de i Riksmuseum i Stockholm opbe- varede Originalexemplarer, samlede 1 Sibirien, i hvis nordlige Dele den hist og her danner Massevegetation. Forovrigt er Arten med Sikkerhed paavist kun i det nordlige Norge og i Piemont (2400 M. over Havet). 980. Hypnum pseudorufescens Warnst. Vest-Gronland: Egedesminde, under omtrent 69° nordlig Bredde, flydende i en Dam sammen med Hypnum revolvens og sarmentosum samt Scorpidium scorpioides. 134 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Denne efter min Opfatning udmerkede, Hypnum purpurascens nerstaaende, Art er tidligere kjendt kun fra Biéhmen og fra Norge (Fulsen i Valders). Paa sidstnevnte Sted, hvor Artens tidligere kjendte Nordgreendse ved 61° 15’, er den samlet i aldeles det samme Selskab, som paa Grenland. 281. Hypnum hyperboreum Bryun, sp. nov. (Tab. II, fig. 3). Planta fluctuans vel submersa, habitu inter Hypnum Kneiffii et Acrocladium cuspidatum ludens, utroqve autem minor. Surculus rigidulus, 4—6 cm. longus, ramis rectis, patenti-patulis bre- vibus_ parce et irregulariter pinnato-ramosus, junior eqvaliter foliatus, ztate apice solummodo foliis ornatus, inferne perfecte denudatus vel costis persistentibus hispidus, perfecte eradicellosus. Caulis tenuis, 0.15—0.18 mm. crassus, sectione transversa rotundato- trigonus, fasciculo centrali indistincto, strato cellularum stereidarum duplici, cellulis intermediis leptodermibus uniformibus, extus strato corti- cali e foliis decurrentibus formato particulatim vestitus. Folia caulina et ramulina eqvalia, conferta, et humiditate et sicci- tate patentia, apicalia in gemmam subuliformem pungentem vulgo arcte convoluta, concava, 2.2—2.5 mm. longa, e basi angustiore breviter de- currenti 0.3—0.4 mm. lato, lanceolata, medio folio latissimo, a margine uno ad alterum 0.5—0.6 mm. lato, in apicem subrecurvum subilo angu- stata, ad angulos haud dilatata, nec excavata. Costa simplex tenuis, ad basin 0.05—0.06 mm. lata, fuscescens, versus apicem dissoluta. Cellule angulares a cateris bene definite, infimee in serie una costam attingentes rotundato-rectangulares, subconflate, 0.01—0.02 mm. latee et duplo—triplo longiores, etate fuscee et uniformiter incrassate- angulares caeteree costam haud attingentes in seriebus tribus—qvattuor rotundato-rectangulis, paullo longiores qvam breviores, etate haud fus, cescentes. Cellule suprabasilares elongato-rectangule, circiter 0.01 mm. late et qvatter—sexies longiores, membranis intermediis porosis. Cellule foli- ares cetere longiores et angustiores, plurime, cellulis apicalibus paullo laxioribus exceptis, circiter 0.1 mm. longa, angustissime lineares, sub- flexuose, parum uniformiterqve incrassate. Cetera ignota. — Denne nye Arts Bladhjorner minder om saavel Hypnum exannu- latum, som purpurascens og tundrw. Paa Grund heraf og paa Grund af Stilkens accessoriske (,,blatteigener*) Yderbark har jeg anvist den 1898 — 1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 135 Plads inden Exannulatumgruppen, hvor den er eiendommelig ved Habitus, Bladform og Bladhjorners Bygning, og herved forskjellig fra alle ovrige Arter. Exemplarer findes kun fra et eneste Sted. Ellesmere Land: Stahlknechts Is]., under 78° 40’ nordlig Bredde, i en Dam sammen med Hypnuim brevifolium, turgescens og polare, samlet i ringe Mengde af Ivar FosHer. 282. Hypnum fluitans L. Var. sabmersum Scuinp. Meget sjelden. Exemplarer findes kun fra et eneste Sted, nemlig Egedesminde 1 Vest-Gronland, hvor Planten er samlet rigelig 1 en Sump sammen med Hypnuwm sarmentosum. Arten er kjendt ogsaa fra andre polare Egne, saaledes Beeren Eiland og Spitzbergen. 983. Hypnum Berggreni (C. Jens.) Par. Meget sjelden og kun sparsomt samlet paa 2 Steder i Kong Oscars Land: Gaasefjord og Renbugten, under 76° 40’ nordlig Bredde. Paa begge Steder forekommer den indsprengt blandt andre Sumpmoser. Planten er sammenlignet med Originalexemplarer i Kjobenhavns bot. Museum. Arten er tidligere kjendt fra @st-Gronland og fra det nordlige Norge under omtrent 70° nordlig Bredde. 984. Hypnum (Stereodon) Bambergeri Scuime. Blandt de mest almindelige Sumpmoser, saavel i den nordligste, som i den sydligste Del af det undersogte Landomraade. Denne Art findes ogsaa paa Beeren Eiland, Spitzbergen og Novaja Semblja. 285. Hypnum Vaucheri Lesa. North Devon: Havhestberget; Kong Oscars Land: Moskusfjord, Gaasefjord, Sydkapfjord og Vendomkap; North Kent (350 M. o. HL); Ellesmere Land: mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen, under 79° nordlig Bredde. Arten er tidligere kjendt fra Gronland, Alaska, Sibirien og Beeren Eiland, hvor dens tidligere kjendte Nordgreendse (74°). 986. Hypnum revolutum (Mirt.) Livps. Denne Art synes meget almindelig og mangler neppe paa noget af de undersegte Voxesteder. 136 : N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC, EXP. FRAM Var. subjulaceum Brynn, var nov. Folia arcte imbricata, versus apicem caulis ramorumve tantum faleato-secunda, valde concava, late ovata, in apicem piliformem subito angustata, marginibus ad tertiam partem infimam vel ad dimidium foli- um revolutis. Cellule foliares latiores et dimidio breviores, qvam in forma typica. North Devon: Havhestberget; North Lincoln; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Gaasefjord, Sydkapfjord og Vendomkap; Elles- mere Land: Cape Viole, Lastreeadalen, Cape Rutherford og Skreel- lingoen. Arten har Nordgraendse over Spitzbergen. 287. Hypnum hamulosum Br. Eur. Her kun i Sumpe mellem andre Moser. Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Moskusfjord og Gaasefjord; Ellesmere Land: Lastreeadalen, Cocked Hat Isl. og Skreellinggen. Arten er tidligere kjendt fra Alaska, Gronland og Spitzbergen. 288. Ctenidium procerrimum Mot. North Devon: Havhestberget; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Moskusfjord og Gaasefjord under 76° 30’ nordlig Bredde. Artens tidhgere kjendte Nordgreendse var ved 68° 50’ i Norge. 289. Scorpidium scorpioides (L.) Liner. Vest-Gronland: Egedesminde; Ellesmere Land: Beitstadfjorden samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen under 79° nordlig Bredde. Tidhigere kjendte Nordgreendse ved 74° over Beeren Eiland. 290. Hylocomium proliferum (L.) Linps. North Lincoln: Framfjord; Kong Oscars Land: Havnefjord, Moskusfjord, Gaasefjord og Landsend; N. V. Gronland: Foulkefjord; Ellesmere Land: Glacier Valley, Eskimopolis og Beitstadfjorden samt mellem Ft. Juliane og Mt. Kola-Paulsen (79° n. B.). Arten er tidligere kjendt fra alle hidtil undersogte arktiske Egne. 1898-1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 137 Ti, Fortegnelse over samtlige under hvert af Samlingens Nummere paaviste Arter. Vest-Gronland, Egedesminde, 79/7 1898. . 145. 146. 147. 148. 149. 150. 151. 152. 153. 154. 155. 156. Tetraplodon mnioides. Aypnum wncinatum. Hypnum uncinatum var, subjulaceum. Blepharostoma setiforme. Ptilidiwm ciliare. Lophozia Bauer- iana. Lophozia Kunzeana. Dicranum congestum. Webera nutans. Aulacomnium palustre. Aulaconnium turgidum. Hyp- num uncinatum. Hypnum revolvens. Hypnwmn pseudorufescens. Hypnum sar- mentosum. Scorpidium scorpiordes. Hypnum uncinatum. Hypnum stramineum, Hupnum fluitans — submersum. Hypnum sarmentosum. Blepharostoma setiforme. Cynodontiwm strumiferum. Dicranum congestum. Webera nutans. Rhacomitrium lanuginosum. Aula- comnium turgidum. Polytrichum strictum. Hypnum uncinatum, Blepharostoma. setiforme. Ptilidewm ciliare. Lophozia Bauer- iana. Dicranum congestum. Ceratodon purpureus f. brevifolia. Distichium capillaceum. Ditrichum flexicaule. Didymodon rufus. Tortula ruralis. Brywm elegans. Polytrichum alpinum. Myu- ella julacea. Hypnum uncinatum. Hypnum revolutum. Hyp- num sarmentosum. Hypnum turgescens. Polytrichum juniperinum. Ceratodon purpureus. Tortula ruralis, Webera cruda. Bryum Stirtoni. Bryum cirratum. Aulacomnium turgidum. Hypnum uncinatum, Ptilidium ciliare. Lophozia quvinqvedentata. Lophozia Kuneze- ana. Dicranum spadiceum. Dicranum congestum. Webera 138 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Nr. 157. — 158. — 159. nutans. Aulacomnium turgidwn. Polytrichum strictuwm. Poly- trichum alpinum. Hypnum uncinatum. Ceratodon purpureus. Tortula ruralis, Hypnum wncinatum. Aulacomnuum palustre. Hypnum stramineum. Aulacomnium palustre. Hypnum uncinatum. Hypnum stra- minewn. Vest-Gronland, Godhavn, 29/7 1898. — 160. Hypnum exannulatum f. fluitans. Hypnum gigantewn. Ellesmere Land, Framshavns Sydside, 1%/s 1898. — 333. — 334. — 395. — 340. — 341. — 342. — 343. Ceratodon purpurens. Hypnum revolutum. Bryum oeneum var. subelimbatum. Meesea triqvetra. Hypnum revolvens. Hypnum latifolium. Hypnum sarmentosum. Bryum teres. Brywm calophyllum. Orthothecium strictum f. patens. Hypnum brevifoliwm. Hypnum latifolium. Hypnum sarmentosum. . Meesea triqvetra. Hypnum revolvens. Hypnum latifolium. Hypnum giganteum f. rufescens. . Distichium capillacewm. Cinclidiwn subrotundum. Myurella julacea. . Dicranoweisia crispula. Ceratodon purpureus f. brevifolia. Scorpidium scorpioides. . Timmia norvegica f. brevifolia. Webera commutata. Bryum obtustfolium. Bryum teres. Bryum pallens. Orthothecium chry- ceum. Hypnum tatifolum. Hypnum giganteum. Didymodon alpigena. Bryum obtusifolium. Bryum elegans v. carinthiacum. Polytrichum alpinum. Orthothecium chryseum. Brachythecium salebroswm v. arcticum. Campyliwm stellatum. Hypnum giganteum. Gymnostomum leave. Distichiwn capillacewm. Ceratodon pur- pureus. Encalypta commutata. Webera cruda, Timmia austri- aca. Hypnum revolutum. Lophozia quinqvedentata. Dicranoweisia crispula. Dicranwn spadiceum. Ditrichum flexicaule. Tortula ruralis. Rhacomi- trium canescens — ericoides. Rhacomitriwm lanuginosum. Hyp- num revolutum. Aplozia polaris. Cephologia verrucosa. Distichiwm capillaceum. Bryum calophyllum. Cinclidium subrotundum. Meesea triqvetra. _ Hypnum brevifolium. Hypnum latifolium. Hypnum polare. Hypnum sarmentosum. 1898-1902. No. 11] BRYOPHYTA. . 139 Nr. 344. Lophozwa Bauertana. Dicranum spadicewm. Webera cruda. — 345. — 346. — 347. — 348. — 349. Timmia austriaca. Polytrichum alpinum. _Orthothecium chry- seum. Hypnum latifoium. Hypnum brevifolium. Hypnum uncinatum. Bryum calophyllum. Polytrichum alpinum. Campylium stella- tum. Hypnum polycarpon. Hypnum latifolum. Hypnum brevifolium. Hypnum turgescens. Bryum calophyllum. Timmia norvegica. Orthothectum chryseum. Hypnum gigantewn. Bryum pendulum. Meesea triqvetra. Orthothectum chryseum. Hypnum revolvens. Tortula ruralis, Timmia austriaca, Bryum calophyllum. Hypnum brevifolium. Hypnum gigantewn. Sammesteds 22/s 1898. — 352. — 353. — 354. — 350. — 358. — 309. — 360. — 361. Hypnum latifoium. Hypnum giganteum. Brywm calophyllum. Meesea triqvetra. Hypnum intermedium. Hypnum latifolium f. gracilescens. Hypnum gigantewn. Aplozia polaris. Aplozia pumila. Diplophyllum incurvum. Di- stichium capillacewm. Ceratodon purpureus. Tortella fragilis. Brywm lacustre. Orthothecium strictum. Lophogia qvingvedentata. Lophozia Weneeli. Lophoza Bin- steadii. Cephalozia verrucosa. Dicranoweisia crispula, Dicra- num spadiceum. Rhacomitriwm lanuginosum. Tummia austriaca. Hypnum revolutum. . Orthotheciwm chrysewm. . Lophozia badensis. Lophozia harpanthoides, Blepharostoma trichophyllum. Cephalozia verrucosa. Cephalozia pleniceps. Dicranum sphagni. Didymodon rubellus. Webera nutans. Brywum teres. Timmia austriaca. Myurella julacea. Lophozia alpestris. Lophozia harpanthoides. Cephalozia verru- cosa. Distichium Hagenii. Didymodon alpigena. Encalypta commutata. Brywm oeneum. Bryum arcticum. Brywm gem- maceum. Bryum pendulum. Myurella julacea. Hypnum brevi- folium, Hypnum Bambergert. Hypnum turgescens. Cephalozia verrucosa. Cephalozia pleniceps. Dicranum sphagnt. Webera nutans.. Distichiwm inclinatum. Cephalozia verrucosa. Diplophyllum ameurvum. Distichium capillaceum. Encalypta commutata. Timmia austriaca, N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM — 364. Lophozia Weneelti. Distichium capillaceum. Didymodon alpr- gena, Brywn nitidulum. Timmia austriaca. Bryum cyclophyllum. Cinchidium subrotundum, Meesea triqvetra. Philonotis alpicola. Orthotheciwm chryseum f. patula. Hypnun intermedium. Hypnum sarmentosum. Hypnum gigantewn. Lophozia quvingvedentata v. turgida, Dieranowersia crispula. Dicranum spadiceum. Ditrichum flexicaule. Tortula rwralis. Rhacomitrium canescens. Webera cruda. Hypnum revolutwii. Ellesmere Land, Bedford Pim Isl. (Cape Sabine), 1%’s 1898. — 370. — 37. — 372. — 373. — 374. — 375. — 376. a= alle — 378. Ehacomitrium lanuginosum. Hypnum polare v. faulcatwm. Tortula ruralis. Webera cruda. Timmia austriaca. Brachy- thecium salebrosum. Hurhynchium strigosum. Hypnum revolutum. Distichiwm capillacewm. Brywm obstusifoliwm. Blepharostoma trichophyllum. Cephalozia divaricata, Distichiwn capillaceum, Distichium Hagenti. Didymodon rubellus. Webera cruda. Brywmn tomentosum, Cinclidium polare. Cinclidium hymenophyllum. Philonotis alpicola, Timmia norvegica, Tiunmia austriaca. Myurella julacea. Myurella apiculata. Orthothecwwn chryseum. Brachythectum salebrosum. Hypnum brevifoliwn. Hypnum turgescens. Hypnum revolutum. Arnellia fennica. Plagiochila arctica. Distichium capillacewm. Didymodon rubellus. Bryum tomentosum. Cinclidium hymeno- phylum. Polytrichum alpinum. Orthothecium chrysewn. Iso- pterygium pulchellum. Brachythecitum salebrosum. Hypnum revolutum, Lophozia harpanthoides. Cephalozia verrucosa. Cephalozia ple- niceps. Blepharostoma trichophyllum. Diplophyllum incurvum. Distichium capillaceum. Didymodon rubellus. Webera cruda. Bryum tomentosum. Bryum oeneum v. subelimbatum. Cinclidium hymenophyllum. Philonotis alpicola. Timmia austriaca. Myu- rella apiculata, Myuwrella julacea. Orthothecium chryseum. Brachythectum salebrosum. Tsopterygiwm pulchetlum. Lophozia quvadriloba c. var heterophylla. Anthelia Juratzkana, Cephalozia verrucosa. Polytrichum alpinum. Orthotheciwm chryseum. Brachythectwm salebrosum. Hypnum intermediwn. Blepharostoma trichophyllum. Distichium capillaceum. Webera cruda. Cinclidium polare. Orthothectum chryseum. Isoptery- gum pulchelun. Hypnum intermedium. 1898— 1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 141 Nr. 379. Lophozia qvinqvedentata. Cephalozia verrucosa. Scapania rosa- — 380. — 381. — 382. cea. Bryum minus, Polytrichum fragile. Polytrichum alpinum. Lophozia Wenzelii. Distichium capillacewm. Ditrichum. flexi- caule, Webera cruda. Cinclidiwm hymenophyllum. Timmia austriacu. Orthothectum chryseum. Brachytheciwm salebrosum. Campylium stellatum. Hypnum Bambergeri. Lophozia Wenzelit, Cephalozia verrucosa. Distichium capilla- ceum. Philonotis alprcola. Orthothecium chryseum. Hypnum intermedium. Orthothecium chryseum. Hypnum giganteun. Hypnum tur- gescens. Ellesmere Land, Cape Rutherford, 24/s 1898. — 383. — 384. — 380. — 386. — 387. — 388. — 389. — 390. — 391. — 392. — 393. — 394. — 395. Lophozia murmanica, Aulacomnium turgidum. Seligeria polaris. Blindia acuta. Lophozia murmanica. Distichium capillacewm. Distichium Hagenw. Webera cruda. Bryum arcticum, Timmia austriaca. Polytrichum alpinwn, Brachythecium salebrosum v. arcticum. Odontoschisma Macounie. Orthothectum chryseum. Hypnum revolvens. Hypnum brevi- foltum. Hypnum giganteum. Lophozia alpestris. Sphenolobus minutus. Blepharostoma tri- chophyllum. Cephalozia verrucosa. Cephalozia pleniceps. Dt- cranoweisia crispula. Dicranum sphagni. Distichiwm Hageniz. Webera cruda. Brywm calophyllum. Hypnum revolvens. Hypnum intermedium. Hypnum latifolium. Hypnum brevifokum. Hypnum sarmen- tosum. Hypnum turgescens. Distichiwm capillaceum. Webera cruda. Bryum Stirtoni. Tom- mia austriaca, Polytrichum alpinum. Orthothecowm chryseum. Brachytheciwm salebrosum. Hypnum uncinatum. Dicranoweisia crispula. Hypnum polare v. uncinatum, Lophozia ventricosa. Sphenolobus minutus. Blepharostoma trichophyllum v. brevirete. Cephalozia verrucosa. Cephalozia pleniceps. Dicranum elongatum. Tummia austriaca, Polytri- chum alpinum. Cinclidium polare. Hypnum gigantewm. Aplozia spherocarpa, Lophozia alpestris, Caphalozia verrucosa. Bryum elegans. Timmia austriaca. N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP, FRAM — 402. — 403. — 404. — 405. . Dicranoweisia crispula. . Blindia acuta. Tortula ruralis. Brywm elegans. . Lophozia ventricosa. Cephalozia verrucosa. Dicranum elonga- tum. Webera nutans. Webera cruda. Timmia austriaca. . Tortula rwralis. . Brywn obtusifolium. Brywn crispulum. Philonotis alpicola. . Bryum calophyllum. Cinclidium subrotundum, Orthothecium chryseum. Hypnum revolvens. Hypnum polycarpon. Hypnum brevifotium. Hypnum gaigantewn. Blindia acuta, Distichium capilaceum. Philonotis alpicola. Timmia austriaca. Polytrichum alpinum. Brachytheciwm salebrosum. Hypnum revolvens. Hypnwin latifolium. Hypnum sarmentoswm. Hypnum turgescens. Brywm ventricosum. Timmia austriaca. Brachythecium sale- broswm. N. V. Gronland, Foulkefjord, 1%/s 1898. — 406. — 407. — 408. — 409. — A410. — 411. — 412. — Al3. — 414. — 415. — A16. — 417. — 418. — 419. Bryum obtusifoliwm. Hypnum gigantewn. Ceratodon purpureus. Brywm teres. Bryum subnitudulum. Aula- comnium turgidum, Hypnum uncinatum. Hypnum turgescens. Leptobryum pyriforme. Rhacomitrium lanuginosum., Schistidiwm apocarpum, Tortella tortuosa. Hypnwm revolutum. Bryum subnitidulum. Campylium stellatum. Hypnum uncina- tum. Hypnum latifoium. Hypnwin turgescens. Oncophorus Wahlenbergit. Webera cruda. Brywm obtusifolium. Brywn Stirtoni. Philo- notis alpicola. Hypnum uncinatum. Hypnum sarmentosum. Leptobryum pyriforme. , Brywm nitidulwuin. Distichium capillacewm. Ceratodon purpureus. Tortula ruralis, Bryum terrestre. Bryum elegans. Polytrichum fragile. Hyp- num uncinatun, Lophozta alpestris. Lophozia ventricosa. Webera nutans. Bryum crispulum, Philonotis alpicola. Polytrichum alpinum. Ortho- thecium chrysewm. Brachytheciwm salebrosum v. arcticum. Hyp- num revolvens. Hypnum sarmentosum. 1898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 143 Nr. 420. — 421. — 422. — 4293. — AA. — 425. — 426. — 427, — 428. — 429, — 430. — 431. — 482. — 433. — 434, Lophozia ventricosa, Lophozia Miilleri v. bantriensis, Lophozia Binsteadu. Lophozia qvinqvedentata, Sphenolobus minutus, Ble- pharostoma trichophyllum, Cephalozia verrucosa. Datrichum flexicaule. Distichium Hagenii. Dicranwm elongatum. Cera- todon purpureus. Didymodon rubellus. Tortella tortuosa. We- bera nutans. Webera cruda. Brywn elegans. Timmia austriaca. Polytrichum alpinum. Orthothecium strictum. Isopterygiwm pulchellum. Hypnum uncinatum. Lophozia ventricosa. Webera nutans. Aulacomnium palustre. Aulacomnium turgidum. Polytrichum alpinum. Polytrichum fragile. Hypnum uncinatum. Lophozia qvingvedentata. Blepharostoma trichophyllum, An- thelia Juratzkana. Cephalozia verrucosa. Cephalozia pleniceps. Hypnum uncinatum. Tortula ruralis. Lophozia ventricosa. Lophozia qvinqvedentata. Cephalozia verrucosa. Ceratodon purpureus. Didymodon rubellus. Webera commutata. Bryum teres. Bryum obstusifolium. Aulacomniwm palustre. Philonotis alpicola, Polytrichum alpinum. Polytri- chum fragile. Orthothecium strictum. Myurella julacea, Iso- pterygium pulchellum. Campylium stellatum. Hypnwm wncr- natum. Hypnum sarmentosum. Hypnum revolutum. Dicranoweisia crispula. . Hypnum latifolium. Hypnum revolvens. Hypnum sarmentosum. Hypnum turgescens. Orthothecium chryseum. Hypnum revolvens. Hypnum anter- medium. Hypnwmn polycarpon. Hypnum brevifolium. Hypnum giganteum. Distichium Hagenii. Webera cruda. Bryum crispulum. Tam- mia austriaca. Lophozia ventricosa. Aulacomnium turgidum. Polytrichum alpinum. Hypnum revolvens. Hypnum latifolium. Hypnum sarmentosum. Hypnum turgescens. Hypnum polare v. falcatum. Ceratodon purpureus. Bryum obtusifolium. Campylium stel- latum. Hypnum uncinatum. Hypnum latifoliwm. Hypnum turgescens. Distichiwm capillaceum. N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Ellesmere Land, Framshavns Nordside, 5/9 1898. Nr. 455. — 456. — 457. — 464. -— 466. Brywn calophyllum. Brywn elegans. Orthothectwm strictwm. Hypnum polycarpon. Hypnum turgescens. Lophozia badensis. Cephalozia verrucosa. Haplodon Worm- skjoldte. Anthelia Juratekana. Cephalozia pleniceps. Cephalozia verru- cosa. Ditrichum flexicaule. Bryum elegans. Lophozia harpanthoides. Lophozia qvadriloba v. heterophylla. Cephalozia verrucosa. Oncophorus Wahlenbergit. Ditrichum flexicaule. Distichium capillaceum. Didymodon rubellus. Di- cranum spadiceum. Philonotis alpicola. Polytrichum alpinum. Myurella julacea. Orthothectwm chrysewm. Hypnum inter- medium. Hypnum brevifoliwn. Hypnum turgescens. Ditrichum fleaicaule. Didymodon rubellus. Bryum elegans. Bryum calophyllum. Cinclidium subrotundum. Philonotis alpi- cola. Myurella julacea. Myurella apiculata. Orthothecium chrysewm. Ellesmere Land, Bedford Pim Isl., 3/9 1898. — 468. — 469. — 470. — 471. — 472. — 473. Diplophyllum incurvum. Distichium capillacewm. Didymodon rubellus. Encalypta commutata, Brywm tomentosum. Myurella julacea, Orthothecium strictum. Orthotheciwn chrysewm. — Iso- pterygium pulchellum. Schistidium apocarpum. Dicranum elongatum. Webera cruda. Dicranoweisia crispula. Ditrichum fleaicaule. Sehistidium apocarpum. Hypnwm revo- lutum. Cephalozia verrucosa. Webera cruda. Brywm arcticum. Ellesmere Land, Stahlknechts Isl., 5/6 1899. — 487. Hypnum polare. Hypnum brevifolium. Hypnum hyperboreum. Hypnum turgescens (legit FosHrtm). Ellesmere Land, Brevort Isl., 5/6 1899. — 488. Bryum argentewm (legit FosHem). Ellesmere Land, Ft. Juliane — Mt. Kola-Paulsen, ®¢ 1899. — 516. Bryum obtusifolum. Aulacomnium turgidum. Philonotis alpi- cola. Camptothecium nitens. Brachythecium salebrosum v. 1898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 145 Nr. 517. — 518. — 519. — 520. — 521. — 525. — 526. arcticum. Campylium stellatum. Hypnum intermedinm. Hypnum revolutum. Hylocomniune proliferum. Orthothectum chrysewm. Lophozia ventricosa. Sphenolobus minutus. Cephalozia verru- cosa. Dicranum brevifolium. Dicranwn sphagni. Timmia austriaca. Hypnum uncinatumn. Hypnum revolutum. Lophozia Miilleri. Distichium capillaceum, Didymodon alpi- gena. Leptobrywm pyriforme. Brywum pendulum. Orthothecium strictum. Amblystegium filicinum var. curricaule, Tortella tortwosa. Tortula ruralis. Schistidinim gracile. Rha- comitrium lanuginosum. Orthotrichum Killiasii. Hylocomnium proliferwm. Distichium capillaceum. Ditrichum flexicaule. Didymodon ru- bellus. Tummia austriaca. Myurella julacea. Orthothecium strictum. Hypnum revolutum. Distichium capillaceum. Distichium Hagenii. Tortula ruralis. Orthotrichum Killiasit. Webera cruda. Ellesmere Land, Framhavns Nordside, 24/6 1899. — 528. — 532. — 533. Cephalozia grimsulana. Aulacomnium palustre. Didymodon rufus. Cinclidium subrotundum. Catascopium ni- gritum. Meesea triqvetra. Bryum teres. Orthotheciuwm chry- seum. Campthothecium nitens. Brachythecium salebrosum var. binervulum. Hypnum tundre. Hypnum Bambergeri. Lophozia Miillert. Arnellia fennica. Blepharostoma tricho- phyllum. Cephalozia verrucosa. Cephalozia bicuspidata. Diplo- phylum imncurvum. Hymenostylium curvirostre. Ceratodon purpureus. Tortula ruralis. Encalypta procera. Encalypta commutata. Encalypta rhabdocarpa. Rhacomitriwn canescens. Bryum teres. Bryum elegans. Cinclidium subrotundum. Meesea trigvetra. Catascopium nigritum. Philonotis alpicola. Timmia norvegica. Timmia austriaca. Orthothecium strictum. Ortho- thectum binervulwm. Amblystegium Sprucei. Campylium stel- latum. Hypnum latifolium. - Hypnum ee Hypnum Vauchert, Scorpidium scorprordes. — 534, Arnellia fennica. Ditrichum flexicaule. Distichium capillaceum. Ceratodon purpureus. Didymodon rubellus. Tortula ruralis. Encalypta rhabdocarpa. Bryum elegans. Mnuun hymenophyl- loides.. Timmia austriaca. Orthothecium binervulum. Myurella 10 N. BRYHN. [2np ARC. EXP. FRAM Nr. 535. — 536. — 537. — 538. — 539. — 540. — d41. — 542. apiculata. Aimblysteyiwn Sprucet. Campylium protenswm. Hyp- num Bambergert. Hypnum revolutum. Hypnwm Vaucherr. Arnellia fennica. Hymenostylum curvirostre v. scabrum. Gyni- nostomum leve. Ditrichum flecicaule. Distichiun capillaceum. Ceratodon purpureus. Tortula ruwralis. Tortella fragilis. En- calypta procera. Encalypta rhabdocarpa. Brywm pendulum. Bryum teres. Bryum pallescens. Catascopium nigritum. Philo- notis alpicola. Timmia norvegica. Orthotheciwnm chryseum. Orthothecium strictum. Brachythecium salebrosum v. arcticum. Amblysteguun Sprucet. Hypnum uncinatum. Hypnum Bam- bergert. Ditrichwn flexicaule f. longifolia. Ceratodon purpureus. Tetra- plodon mniodes. Brywn pendulum. Orthothecium chryseum. Orthothecrum strictum. Brachythectum salebrosum var. turgi- dum, Amblystegium Sprucer. Hypnum Bambergert. Distichium capillacewm. Didymodon rubellus. Ceratodon pur- pureus. Hncalypta commutata. Webera nutans. Orthotheciwn. strictum, Amblystegium Sprucet. Cephalozia verrucosa. Diplophyllum incurvum. Gymnostomum leve. Ditrichum flexicaule. Distichium capillaceum. Didymodon rubellus. Encalypta rhabdocarpa. Brywm teres. Timmia nor- vegica. Timmia austriaca. Myurella julacea. Myurella api- culata. Orthothecium strictum. Isopterygiwm pulchellum. Lophozia ventricosa. Blepharostoma trichophyllum. Diplophyl- lum incurvum. Hymenostylium curvirostre. Distichium capil- laceum. Distichiwm Hagenti. Tetraplodon mnioides. Tortula mucronifolia. Didymodon rubellus. Encalypta rhabdocarpa. Encalypta contorta. Brywm pendulum. Bryum compactum. Brywn teres. Meesea trichodes. Timmia norvegica. Orthothe- cium chryseum. Orthothecium strictum. Amblystegium filicinum v. curvicaule. Hypnum Bambergert. Arnellia fennica, Lophozia alpestris. Lophozia harpanthoides. Cephalozia verrucosa, Ditrichum flexicaule. Ceratodon pur- pureus, Tortula ruralis, Didymodon rufus. Myurella apicu- lata. Orthothecium chryseum. Orthothecium strictum. Hypnum Bamberger. Schistidium apocarpum var. ovatum. Arnellia fennica. Cephalozia verrucosa, Hymenostylium curvi- rostre. Distichtum capillacewn. Ditrichum flexicaule, Didy- modon rufus. Tortula ruralis. Schistidiwm apocarpum v. 4898—1902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 147 Nr. 543. — 544. — 545. — 546. — 547. — 58. ovatum. Encalypta contorta. Bryum nitidulum. Catascopium nigritum. Meesea triqvetra. Timmia norvegica. Myurella apiculata. Orthothectwm chrysewm. Orthothecium binervulum. Brachythecium salebrosum v. turgidum. Hypnum polycarpon. Hypnum latifoliium. Hypnum revolutum, Scorpidium scorpioides. Hymenostylium curvirostre. Didymodon rubellus. Didymodon alpigena. Tortula ruralis. Encalypta commutata. Voitia hy- perborea. Bryum pendulum. Mnium hymenophylloides. Ortho- thecium binervulum. Hypnum Bambergeri. Ditrichum flexicaule. Distichium capillaceum. Ceratodon pur- pureus. Didymodon rubellus. Tortula ruralis. Desmatodon. Laureri. Encalypta rhabdocarpa. Encalypta commutata, En- calypta procera. Voitia byperborea. Tetraplodon pallidus. Brywn pendulum. Meesea trichodes. Timmia norvegica. Myu- rella julacea. Myurella apiculata. Brachythecoum salebrosum v. turgidum. Hypnum Bamberger. ; Ditrichum flexicaule. Distichium capillaceum. Ceratodon pur- pureus. Tortula ruralis. Tortella fragilis. Schistidiwm apo- carpum v. ovatum. Bryum elegans. Cinclidium subrotundum. Mnium hymenophylloides. Catascopium nigritum. Meesea tri- qvetra. Timmia norvegica. Myurella julacea. Myurella api- culata. Orthothecium binervulum. Orthothecium chryseum, Bra- chythecium salebrosum v. binervulum, Amblystegiwm filicinum v. curvicaule. Hypnum latifoium. Hypnum turgescens. Hyp- num Bambergert. Scorpidium scorpiotdes. Arnellia fennica. Blepharostoma trichophyllum. Cephalozia verrucosa. Diplophyllum incurvum. Gymnostomum lave. Hymenostylium curvirostre. Ditrichum flexicaule. Distichium capillaceum. Ceratodon purpureus. Didymodon rufus. Didy- modon rubellus. Tortula ruralis. Tortella fragilis. Encalypta procera. Bryum oeneum. Bryum pendulum. Philonotis alpi- cola. Myurella julacea. Orthothecium chryseum. Orthothecium strictum, Brachythecium salebrosum v. arcticum. Brachythecium salebrosum v. binervulum, Amblystegium filicinum v. curvicaule. Hypnum Bambergert. Hypnum Vauchert. Philonotis alpicola. Orthothecium chryseum. Brachythecitum salebrosum v. arcticum. Amblystegium filicinum v. curvicaule. Hypnum tundre. Hypnum tundre. 148 N. BRYHN. [2ND ARC. EXP. FRAM Nr. 549. Didymodon alpigena. Encalypta rhabdocarpa. Vottia hyper- borea. Brywm pendulum. Orthotheciwm strictum. — 550. Distichium capillaceum. Encalypta commutata. — 551. Arnellia fennica. Ditrichum flexicaule. Distichium capillaceum. Didymodon rufus. Didymodon rubellus. Tortula ruralis. Schistidium apocarpum v. ovatum. Brywn elegans Mnium orthorrhynchum. Cinclidium subrotundum, Meesea trigqvetra. Catascopium nigritum. Orthothectum chryseum. Orthothecitum strictum. Brachythecium salebrosum, v. areticum, Brachythe- cium salebrosum v. binervulum. Hypnum uncinatum. Hypnim polycarpon. Hypnum latifoium. Hypnwn Bambergeri. Scor- pidium scorpoides v.. julacewm. — 552. Blepharostoma trichophyllum. Webera cruda. Philonotis alpi- - cola, — 553. Aplozia atrovirens v. gracilis. Didymodon rubellus. Encalypta commutata, Vortia hyperborea. Tetraplodon mnioides. Timmia norvegica. Myurella apiculata, : — 554. Didymodon rufus. Encalypta rhabdocarpa. Bryum elegans. Orthothecium intricatum. Brachythecium salebrosum v. arcticum. Amblystegium fiicinum. Hypnum polycarpon. Hypnum latifolium. Hypnum Bambergeri. —- 555. Tetraplodon mnioides, — 556. Orthothecium strictum. Brachythecowm salebrosum v. turgidum. Brachythecwwm salebrosum v. binervulum. Amblystegium filicinum v. curvicaule. Hypnum Bamberger?. — 557. Lophozia ventricosa, Ditrichum flexicaule. Distichiwm capil- lacewm. Didymodon rubellus. Bryum elegans. Bryum pendulum. Myurella julacea. Orthothecium strictum. Amblystegium Sprucei. Hypnum Bambergeri. — 558. Gymnostomnm leve. Blindia acuta. Tortula ruralis. Schisti- dium apocarpum. Bryum oenewmn. — 559. Datrichum flexicaule, Distichium capillaceum. Ceratodon pur- pureus, Didymodon alpigena. Encalypta procera. Encalypta rhabdocarpa v. pilifera. Bryum teres. Mniwn hymenophylloides. Philonotis alpicola. Timmia norvegica. Braehythecium sale- brosum v. binervulum. Amblystegium filicinum. Hypnum inter- medium. Hypnum latifolium, Hypnum Bambergeri. Hypnum revolutum. — 560. Philonotis alpicola. Orthothecium chryseum. Hypnum tundre. 18981902. No. 11.] BRYOPHYTA. 149 Nr. 561. Lophozia heterocolpa. Blepharostoma trichophyllum. Mnium — 562. — 563. — 564. hymenophylloides. Ceratodon purpureus. Encalypta rhabdocarpa. Bryum pendu- lum. Orthothecium strictum. Brachythecium salebrosum v, bt- nervulum. Andreca papillosa. Clevea hyalina. Ditrichwn flexicaule. Distichiwn capillacewm, Ceratodon purpureus, Didymodon rubellus, Desmatodon Lau- reri. Encalypta commutata. Encalypta rhabdocarpa. Brywm teres, Timmia norvegica. Ellesmere Land, Beitstadfjorden, 1% 1899. — 570. — 571. — 572. — 575. — 577. Lophozia quvingvedentata. Cephalozia verrucosa, Schistidiwm gracile. Rhacomitrium lanuginosum. Hypnum revolutum, Hy- locomnium proliferum. Rhacomitrium lanuginosum, Schistidium gracile. Rhacomitriwm brevisetum, Rhacomitriwm lanuginosum. Hypnum revolutum. Hylocomium proliferum. Aplozia polaris. Lophozia qvinqvedentata. Sphenolobus minu- tus. Cephalozia biscuspidata v. arctica. Cephalozia verrucosa. Dicranum sphagni. Leptobryum pyriforme. Bryum cyclophyl- lum. Brywm pallens, Didymodon rubellus. Webera nutans. Mnium medium. Cinclidium subrotundum, Aulacomniwm tur- gidum. Philonotis alpicola, Polytrichum strictum. Distichiwm capillaceum. Myurella apiculata. Orthothectum chrysewn. Orthothecium strictwum. Campthotectum nitens. Campyliwm stellatum. Hypnum revolvens. a. Didymodon alpigena. Catascopium nagritum. Orthothecuwm strictum. Hypnum intermedium. Hypnum revolvens. Hyp- num Bamberger. b. Lophogia marchica. Distechium capillaceum. Ceratodon pur- pureus. Didymodon rubellus. Encalypta commutata, Meesea triqvetra. Philonotis alpicola. Polytrichum strictum. Myu- rella julacea. Myurella apiculata, Orthothecium chryseum. Camptothecium nitens. Campylium stellatum. Hypnum revolvens. Hypnum intermedium. Hypnum brevifolowm. Hypnum revolutum. , Sphenolobus minutus. Gymnostomnm leve, Dicranum sphagni. Distichium capillaceum, Rhacomitrium lanuginosum, Aulacom- N. BRYHN. [2ND. ARC. EXP. FRAM — 581. — 582. — 583. — 584. — 585. — 586. nium turgidum. Orthothecium strictum. Hypnum latifolium f. gracilis, . Lophozia heterocolpa, Leptobryum pyriforme. Bryum pendulum, . Tortella tortuosa. . Bryum obtusifolium. Cinclidium subrotundwm. Meesea triqvetra. Aulacomnium turgidum. Campylium stellatum. Hypnum inter- medium. Hypnum sarmentoswn. Bryum obtusifolium. Aulacomnium turgidum. Philonotis alpi- cola. Orthotheciwm chryseum. Brachytheciwm salebrosum v. arcticum. Brachythecium salebrosum v. turgidum. Campylium stellatum. Hypnwm intermedium. Webera nutans. Bryum pendulum. Mnium medium. Cincli- dium subrotundum. J j i ( Vide <