ain if ois iets fpiptety) ‘2. gy 4. pat 4 raf oH gig far tints ipigighy if ie ra piers ipipie fe if ray, cap teaeie te) 4 if6% AF ide Sis ips Gigs es eat 666 iy ie a onom=) V2 CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY Bate Due QL 666 iets 2885. Library “Winn Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924024782132 CATALOGUE OF THE LIZARDS IN THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). SECOND EDITION, BY GEORGE ALBERT BOULENGER. VOLUME II. IGUANIDA, XENOSAURIDA, ZONURIDH, ANGUIDA, ANNIELLIDA, HELODERMATIDA, VARANIDA, XANTUSIIDA, TEIIDA, AMPHISBANIDA, LONDON: PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES. 1885, “CORK ipba Qe Li SRARY x PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS, RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET. PREFACE. eee Tur manuscript of this second volume of the ‘ Catalogue of Lizards’ was so far advanced at the time of publication of the first, that it has been possible to issue both in the same year. The present volume contains an account chiefly of Lizards of the New World; and among the contributions to our collection, the donations made by Messrs. Salvin and Godman and by the U.S. National Museum are the most extensive and important. Our best thanks for communications and the loan of specimens are due to Dr. Strauch, Director of the Museum of the Imperial Academy of St. Petersburg, Professor Vaillant, of the Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris, Dr. Boettger, of the Senckenberg Museum, and M. Lataste. ALBERT GUNTHER, Keeper of the Department of Zoology. British Museum, N. H., November 15, 1885. INTRODUCTION. Tus second volume contains an account of the families Iguanide, Xenosauride, Zonuride, Anguide, Anniellide, Helodermatide, Va- ranide, Xantusiide, Tetide, and Amphisbenide; it is therefore chiefly devoted to American Lizards. The increase in the number of species known, and of species and specimens represented in the British Museum, since the publication of the general works by Duméril and Bibron and by Gray is shown in the following tables :— Number of Species characterized Families. by Dum. & Bibr. by Gray. in present volume. Iguanide .......... 94 126 293 Xenosauride ...... — — 1 Zonuride .......... 6 8 14 Anguide .......... 17 25 44 Anniellide ........ — — 2 Helodermatide 1 1 3 Varanide.......... 12 23 27 Xantusiide ........ — — 4 Telide ............ 29 44 108 Amphisbeenide...... 15 15 65 Total.. 174 242 561 VoL, II. b vi INTRODUCTION. Number of Species and Specimens in the British Museum in 1845. 1885. Species. Specimens. Species. Specimens. Iguanide ........ 83 240 211 1358 Xenosauride .... — — 1 4 Zonuride ........ 6 17 10 53 Anguide ........ 16 38 26 147 Anniellide ...... 0 — — 1 1 Helodermatide .. 1 2 2 8 Varanide........ 21 87 24 256 Xantusiide ...... — — 1 7 Tetids .......... 21 57 69 356 Amphisbenide.... 9 21 30 145 Total.. 157 462 375 2335 G. A. BOULENGER. Department of Zoology, November 18, 1885. SYSTEMATIC INDEX. LACERTILIA. Subord. I. LACERTILIA VERA (continued), Fam. 6. Iavanipa&. 1. Chameeleolis, Coct. ...... 1. chameleontides, D. § B. i 2. Xiphocercus, Fitz. ...... 1. valenciennesii, D. § B.. 5 2. heterodermus, A. Duim.. "10 3. Anolis, Daud..........665 11 1. equestris, Mer. ........ 21 2. vicordii, D. §& B...... 60. 22 3. cuvieri, Merr........... 23 4, edwardsii, Merr. ...... 24 5. gundlachii, Ptrs......... 25 6. cristatellus, D. § B..... 26 7. stratulus, Cope ........ 27 8. homolechis, Cope ...... 28 9. gingivinus, Cope........ 28 10, leachii, D.§ B......... 29 marmoratus, D. § B..... 31 11. alligator, D. § B. ...... 31 12. grahami, Gray ........ 32 13. distichus, Cope ........ 33 14. cybotes, Cope .........5 34 15. citrinellus, Cope........ 35 16, acutus, FFU, os wien aie 36 LG. Meru PO Sites ee pais 5 37 18, richardii, D.§ B. ...... 37 19. lineatus, Daud. ........ 38 20. lineatopus, Gray ...... 39 21. sagre, D.G Bo... 2... 40 22. vermiculatus, D. § B. .. 41 23. loysiana, Coch scp anv 42 24, carolinensis, D. & B..... 48 25. chlorocyanus, Dz § B... 44 26. lucius, D. & B. ........ 45 27. isolepis, Cope ......+.+- 46 28. beckeri, Blgr........... 46 29, damulus, Cope.......... 47 30. fusco-auratus, D’Orb. .. 48 81. rodriguezii, Bocourt .... 49 82. aureolus, Cope ........ 49 33. limifrons, Cope ........ 49 84. bransfordii, Cope ...... 50 VoL Ii. Page 35. trochilus, Cope ........ 50 36. bocourtii, Cope ..eseeee 50 387. ortonii, Cope .......... 51 38. schiedii, Wiegm......... 52 39. polylepis, Pirs. ........ 52 40. tropidolepis, Blgr....... 53 41. pulchripes, Ptrs......... 53 42. halen Bocourt ...... 54 43. guentheri, Bocourt...... 54 44, impetigosus, Cope...... 55 45. tigrinus, Ptrs........... 55 46. levis, Cope............ 56 47. punctatus, Dawd. ...... 57 48 oulengeri, O'Sh. ...... 58 49. transversalis, 4. Dum... 58 50. buckleyi, O'SR. ........ 58 51. fasciatus, Blyr. ........ 59 52. gemmosus, O’Sh. ...... 60 53. andianus, Blgr. ........ 60 54. squamulatus, Ptrs....... 61 55. latifrons, Berth. ....... 62 56. microtus, Cope ........ 62 57. insignis, Cope.......... 63 58. pachypus, Cope ........ 63 59. pentaprion, Cope ...... 64 60. fraserl, Gthr. .......00. 65 61. copii, Bocowrt.......... 65 62. petersii, Bocourt........ 66 63. pulchellus, D. § B. .... 67 64. semilineatus, Cope...... 68 65. spectrum, Pirs. ........ 69 G66, cyanopleurus, Cope .... 69 67. lionotus, Cope.......... 70 68. alutaceus, Cope ........ 71 69, bitectus, Cope... ...... A, 70. heliactin, Cope ........ 72 71. ustus, Cope.........5., 73 72, cymbops, Cope ........ 73 73. concolor, Cope ........ 74 74. bourgeei, Bocourt ...... 74 75, salvini, Blgr, ... 6.6... 75 76, leeviventris, Wiegm. .... 76 77. nebulosus, Wiegm....... 76 78. nebuloides, Bocourt .... 77 79. palpebrosus, Ptrs. ...... 77 80, intermedius, Pfrs....... 78 81. sallei, Gthrw wo... 79 82. binotatus, Pérs......... 80 ¢ . cumingii, Pérs. . cupreus, Hall, ........ .crassulus, Cope ...... 3. humilis, Pérs. ........ . quageulus, Cope . tropidonotus, Pirs. .... . uniformis, Cope . metallicus, Bocourt.... . pecilopus, Cope . oxylophus, Cope ...... .godmani, Blgr......... . radulinus, Cope 5. lemurinus, Cope ...... . trachyderma, Cope .... . stigmosus, Bocourt .... Page 98. biporcatus, Wiegm..... 99. chrysolepis, D. § B. .. 89 100. seypheus, Cope........ 90 101. nitens, Wagl. ........ 91 102. leptoscelis, Blgr....... 92 103. lentiginosus, O'Sh. .... 93 104. bombifrons, Cope...... 94 105. capito, Ptrs. .......44. 94 106. obtusirostris, Pirs. .... 95 flavescens, Gray ...... 11 tropidogaster, Hall..... ll sericeus, Hall. ........ 11 angusticeps, Hall. ll cooperi, Bad ........ ll longicauda, Hall....... 11 rubiginosus, Bocowt .. 11 4. Norops, Wagl........... 95 l. auratus, Daud......... 95 2. ophiolepis, Cope ...... 96 5. Tropidodactylus, Blyr. .. 97 1. onea, O'Sh. ..-. 6.00. 97 ~6. Polychrus, Cuv. ........ 98 4-1. marmoratus, Z. ...... 93 2. acutirostris, Spix...... 99 3. gutturosus, Berth. .... 100 7. Corythophanes, Bore .... 101 1, eristatus, Merr......... 101 2. percarinatus, d. Dum... 102 3. hernandesii, Wiegm. .. 103 8. Leemanctus, Wiegm. .... 104 1. serratus, Cope ........ 104 2. alticoronatus, Cope .... 105 3. longipes, Wiegm....... 105 4, deborrii, Blyr. ........ 106 9. Basiliscus, Lawr......... 106 1, americanus, Zaur, .... 108 2. plumifrons, Cope ...... 108 3. vittatus, Wiegm. ...... 109 4, galeritus, 4. Dum. .... 110 10. Ophryoessa, Fitz......... 111 1. superciliosa, Z,........ ll SYSTEMATIC INDEX. Page 11. Enyalioides, Blgr. ...... 112 1. laticeps, Gwich......... 118 2. prestabilis, O'SA....... 118 3, heterolepis, Bocowt.... 114 4, oshaughnessyi, Bigr. .. 115 5. microlepis, O’Sh....... 115 6. palpebralis, Blgr....... 116 7. leechii, Blgr. ........ 473 12. Enyalius, Wagl. ........ 117 1. catenatus, Wied. ...... 118 2. bibronii, Blgr. ........ 119 3. iheringii, Blyr......... 120 4, cserulescens, Cope...... 120 5. fitzingeri, Wiegm. . 12] 6. undulatus, Wiegm. .... 121 13. Anisolepis, Blgr......... 122 1. iheringii, Blgr........- 122 14. Urostrophus, D. § B..... 128 1. vautieri, D.§ B... ... 128 2. torquatus, Phil......... 124 ? valdivianus, Phil. .... 123 15. Liosaurus, D. § B....... 124 1. bellii, D. f Boo... ... 124 P scapulatus, Burm. .... 124 16. Diplolemus, Bell........ 125 1. darwinii, Bell ........ 126 17. Pristidactylus, Fitz. . 127 1. fasciatus, D’Ord....... 127 18. Scartiscus, Cope ........ 127 1. caducus, Cope ........ 127 19, Chalarodon, Ptrs......... 128 1. madagascariensis, Pirs. . 128 20. Hoplurus, Cuv........ cia 129 1. sebe, D. GB. ........ 129 2. cyclurus, Merr. ...... 180 3. quadrimaculatus, 4. DUM isso hele ean bo are 131 saxicola, Grand. ...... 129 fierinensis, Grand. .... 129 21. Stenocercus, D. § B..... 131 1. marmoratus, D. § B... 132 2. torquatus, Blgr. ...... 133 3. roseiventris, D. & B. .. 133 4, humeralis, Gthr. ...... 134 5. varius, Blgr.... 6... ee. 134 6. cupreus, Blgr......... 185 7. meestus, Blgr. ........ 136 22. Ctenoblepharis, Tsch. .... 136 1. adspersus, Tsch. ...... 136 23. Helocephalus, Phil. ...... 137 1. nigriceps, Phil........ . 187 multipunctatus, Burm. . 137 marmoratus, Burm..... 137 24. Liolemus, Wiegm....... 188 1. nitidus, Wiegm. ...... 140 2. chilensis, Zess.......,. 141 144% SYSTEMATIC INDEX. Page 3. gravenhorstii, Gray... . 142 4. lemniscatus, Gravh..... 148 5. stantoni, Giro... 6. 144 6, fuscus, Blgr... 2... . ee. 144 7. gracilis, Bell... 6.2... 145 8. cyanogaster, D. G§ B. .. 145 9. bibronii, Bell ........ 146 10. nigromaculatus, Wiegm. 147 1]. magellanicus, Hombr. § TMOG uti deare: ocanecbsae's 148 12. lineomaculatus, Blgr. .. 149 13. kingii, Bell .......... 149 14. fitzingeri, D. § B. .... 150 15. pictus, D.§ B. ...... 151 niger, Hall, .......... 152 16. tenuis, D. § B. ...... 152 17. multiformis, Cope...... 153 18. signifer, D. §& B....... 154 19, darwinii, Bell ........ 155 20. wiegmanni, D.§ B..... 156 21. occipitalis, Blgr. ...... 156 22, multimaculatus, D. § B. 157 elegans, Tsch. ........ 138 modestus, Tsch. ...... 138 morio, Gray ........6. 138 25, Saccodeira, Gir. ........ 158 1. ornatissima, Gir. ...... 159 2, pectinata, D. §& B. .... 159 8. azurea, F. Miill. ...... 160 26. Liocephalus, Gray ...... 161 1. schreibersii, Gravh..... 162 2. macropus, Cope ...... 163 3. vittatus, Hall. ........ 163 4. melanochlorus, Cope .. 164 5. personatus, Cope ...... 164 6. eremitus, Cope........ 165 7. carinatus, Gray ...... 165 8. herminieri, D. § B,.... 166 9, aculeatus, O’SA. ...... 167 10. iridescens, Gthr. ...... 167 11. erythrogaster, Hall. .. 168 12. formosus, Blgr........ 168 13. ornatus, Gray ........ 168 14. trachycephalus,.d. Dum. 169 15. guentheri, Blgr. ...... 169 16. tricristatus, A. Dum. .. 170 17. dumerilii, Stdchr. . 170 microlepis, Gray ...... 160 formosus, Tsch. ...... 160 crassicaudatus, Tsch. .. 160 27. Tropidurus, Wied ...... 171 1. grayi, Bell. 1.2.0... 172 2. pacificus, Stdchr....... 173 8. occipitalis, Pirs. ...... 173 4. bocourtii, Blgr. ...... 173 5. peruvianus, Less....... 174 ix Page 6. spinulosus, Cope ...... 175 7, torquatus, Wied ...... 176 8. hygomi, R.G LD. ...... 177 9. hispidus, Spor ......... 177 10. semiteeniatus, Sper .... 178 11. ? blainvillii, D.§ B. .. 178 28. Uraniscodon, Kaup...... 178 1. umbra, Z... 02... 2... 179 2. PCA, Le. ca ginnemas 180 29. Strobilurus, Wregm. . 181 1. torquatus, Wiegm. .... 181 30. Urocentron, Kaup ...... 182 1. azureum, Z........... 182 2. flaviceps, Guich. ...... 183 3. castor, Cope .......... 184 31. Phymaturus, Gravh. .... 184 1. palluma, Molina ...... 184 32. Amblyrhynchus, Bell..., 185 1. cristatus, Bell ........ 185 33. Conolophus, Fitz, ...... 186 1. suberistatus, Gray .... 187 34, Metopoceros, Wagl....... 187 1. cornutus, Daud......... 188 35. Iguana, Laur, 2.6.6.0... 189 1. tuberculata, Laur. .... 189 2. delicatissima, Zaur..... 191 36, Brachylophus, Cuv. . 192 1. fasciatus, Brongn, .... 192 87. Cyclura, Harl........... 193-- 1. carinata, Harl......... 193 38. Ctenosaura, Wiegm. . 195 1. acanthura, Shaw ...... 195 2. hemilopha, Cope ...... 197 3. quinquecarinata, Gray.. 198 39. Cachryx, Cope.......... 198 1. defensor, Cope ........ 199 40. Hoplocercus, Fits. ...... 199 1. spinosus, Mitz, 2.1.0... 199 2. annularis, O’SR. ...... 200 Al. Dipsosaurus, Hall. ...... 201 1, dorsalis, B. §& G....... 201 42, Sauromalus, 4. Dum..... 202 1, ater, 4. Dum. ........ 202 43. Crotaphytus, Holbr. .... 203 1. collaris, Say.......... 2038 2757 2. wislezenii, B.§ Gi... 2043206 \ reticulatus, Baird .... 203 copell, Yarr........... 203 44, Petrosaurus, Blgr. ...... 205 1. thalassinus. Cope...... 205 45, Callisaurus, Blainv....... 205 1. draconoides, Blainv. 206 46, Uma, Baird............ 206 1. notata, Baird ........ 207 47. Holbrookia, Gar... 2.6... 207 1. texana, Trosch. ...... 208 age 2, propinqua, Baird...... 208 3. elegans, Bocowt ...... 209 4, maculata, Gir......... 209 5. lacerata, Cope ........ 209 48. es BOGGS aya tie wees 210 1. stansburiana, B.§ G. .. 211 2. elegans, Farr. ........ 211 3. nigricauda, Cope ...... 212 4. ornata, B.§ Ge... 213 5. gratiosa, B.§ G. ...... 213 6. symmetrica, Baird .... 213 7. lateralis, Blgr......... 214 8. auriculata, Cope ...... 214 9. bicarinata, 4. Dum. .. 215 10. irregularis, Fisch....... 216 49. Sceloporus, Wregm. .. 216 1. torquatus, Weegm. .... 219 2. serrifer, Cope ........ 221 3. acanthinus, Bocourt .. 221 4. formosus, Wiegm. .... 222 5. yarrovii, Cope ........ 223 6. ornatus, Bard........ 224 7. dugesii, Bocowrt ...... 224 8. melanorhinus, Bocourt. 225 9. zosteromus, Cope 225 10. spinosus, Weegm. 226 11. undulatus, Daud. . 227 piseriatus, Hall. ...... 229 12. consobrinus, B. § G... 229 13. gratiosus, B. § G. .... 28 14, couchii, Baird........ 231 15. grammicus, Wiegm. ., 2 16. microlepidotus, Wiegm. 232 17. wneus, Wiegm. ...... 233 18. scalaris, Wregm....... 234 19. pyrrhocephalus, Cope. . 285 20. chrysostictus, Cope.... 285 21. variabilis, Wiegm. .... 236 22. siniferus, Cope........ 237 23. fulvus, Bucowt ...... 238 24, squamosus, Bocourt 238 25. utiformis, Cope ...... 238 marmoratus, fHall..... 216 50. Phrynosoma, Wregm..... 239 1. douglassii, Bell ...... 240 2. orbiculare, DZ. ........ 24) 3. boucardii, Bocowt .... 243 4, coronatum, Blarnv..... 243 5. asio, Cope .......-.. 244 6. regale, Gir... ce... 245 7. cornutum, Harl....... 245 8. maccallii, Zell........ 246 9, platy rhinus, GB act suetve 247 10, modestum, ‘Gir. . 248 11. braconnieri, Bocourt .. 248 12, taurus, Dugés ........ 249 SYSTEMATIC INDEX. Page Pneustes, Merr.........55 249 prehensilis, Daud. .... 249 Fam. 7. XENOSAURID#. . NXenosaurus, Pt7's,........ 250 1. grandis, Gray ........ 250 Fam, 8. ZoNURIDm. . Zonurus, Merr........44. 252 1. giganteus, Smith...... 253 2. tropidosternum, Cope.. 254 3. cataphractus, Bove .... 255 4. cordylus, Z.........6 256 5. polyzonus, Smith...... 257 6. pustulatus, Pirs....... 258 7. capensis, Smith ...... 258 . Pseudocordylus, Smuth.... 259 1. microlepidotus, Smith . 259 . Platysaurus, Smith ...... 261 1. capensis, Smith ...... 261 2. guttatus, Smith ...... 262 3. torquatus, Ptrs. ...... 262 . Chameesaura, Schn. ...... 263 1. eenea, Wiegm......... 263 2. ANPUIDA, Be ace elise es 264 3. macrolepis, Cope...... 264 Fam. 9. ANGUIDR. . Gerrhonotus, Wiegm. .... 266 1. oaxace, Gthr......... 268 2. gramineus, Cope...... 269 3. depp, Wiegm. ...... 269 4. tenlatus, Wiegm. .... 270 5. vasconcelosii, Bocourt.. 270 G6. fimbriatus, Cope ...... 271 7. auritus, Cope ........ 271 8. imbricatus, Wiegm. .. 272 9. rudicollis, Wiegm..... 272 10. planifrons, Bocourt.... 273 ll. ceruleus, Wiegm. .... 278 12, kingii, Gray ........ 274 15, liocephalus, Wiegm. .. 275 14. modestus, Cope ...... 276 15, vhombifer, Ptrs. ...... 276 16, antauges, Cope........ 277 17, obscurus, Gthr. ...... 277 18. monticola, Cope ...... 278° 19. moreletii, Bocourt .... 278 . Ophisaurus, Daud, ...... 279 1. apus, Pall. .......... 280 KF 2. ventralis, Z........... 281 3. attenuatus, Baird .... 282 4, gracilis, Gray........ 283 5. koellikeri, Gthr....... 289, SYSTEMATIC INDEX. Page 38. Diploglossus, Wiegm. .... O84 1. monotropis, Wiegm. .. 285 2. bilobatus, O’Sh. 2.2... 286 3. fasciatus, Gray ...... 287 4, millepunctatus, O'SA... 288 5. rugosus, Cope ........ 288 6. phoxinus, Cope ...... 289 7. striatus, Gray ........ 289 8. occiduus, Shaw ...... 290 9. hewardii, Gray ...... 291 10. impressus, Cope ...... 291 11. microlepis, Gray...... 292 12. owenii, D.§ B. ...... 292 13. steindachneri, Cope.... 293 14. sagrae, Coct........... 293 15. pleii, D.§ B......... 294 4. Sauresia, Gray ........5. 294 1. sepoides, Gray ...... 295 5. Panolopus, Cope ........ 295 1. costatus, Cope ........ 295 6. Ophiodes, Wagl. ........ 296 1. striatus, Spir ........ 296 2. vertebralis, Bocourt 297 ts ANGUS, Di. ce ane eee 297 Le fragilsy Dy cs ea eid 297 + Fam. 10. ANNIELLIDa, +r 1. Anniella, Gray.......... 299 1. pulchra, Gray........ 299 42. nigra, Fisch, ........ 300 +-Fam. 11. HeELopermMaTD2. +1. Heloderma, Wiegm....... 301 1. horridum, Wregm..... 301 2. suspectum, Cope...... 302 Lanthanotus, Stdehr. .... 302 1. borneensis, Stdchr. .... 802 + Fam. 12. Varanip2. +1. Varanus, Merr........... 304 1. griseus, Daud......... 306 2. albigularis, Daud. .... 807 3. ocellatus, Riipp....... 308 4, exanthematicus, Bosc .. 308 5. flavescens, Giray...... 309 +6. bengalensis, Daud..... 310 7. nebulosus, Gray...... 311 8. grayi, Bigr........66. 312 9, dumerilii, Schleg. 312 10. rudicollis, Gray ...... 313 11. salvadorii, Ptrs.§ Doria 314 12. salvator, Laur. ...... 314 13, nuchalis, Gthr. ...... 315 . cumingii, Martin . togianus, Ptrs......... . kalabeck, Less. ...... . indicus, Daud......... . niloticus, Z........... . varius, Shaw ........ . giganteus, Gray . gouldii, Gray ......., . prasinus, Schleg....... . kordensis, Meyer . punctatus, Gray ...... . timorensis, Gray...... . acanthurus, Blgr. . caudolineatus, Blgr. .. Fam, 18. XANTUSIIDA. 1. Lepidophyma, A. Dum... 1. flavomaculatum,A.Dum. . Xantusia, Baird 1. vigilis, Baird ........ 2. riversiana, Cope ...... . Cricosaura, Gundl. § Pers. 1. typica, GG Pw... ee. bo co Fam. 14, Trrrpz. 1. Tupinambis, Daud....... 1. rufescens, Gthr. ...... 2. teguixin, Z........... 8. nigropunctatus, Spear .. . Draceena, Daud. ........ 1. guianensis, Daud. Centropyx, Spiv ......., 1. striatus, Daud......... 2. intermedius, Gray .... 3. calcaratus, Spir ...... 4. pelviceps, Cope........ 5. altamazonicus, Cope.... 4. Monoplocus, Gthr. ...... 1. dorsalis, Gthr.... 0... 5. Ameiva, Cuv. ........0. co bo . bridgesii, Cope........ ‘ 1 2. septemlineata, A. Dum. 8. festiva, Licht. ........ 4. undulata, Wiegm. . 5. edracantha, Bocourt 6. lineolata, D. & B. 7. teeniura, Cope .. 8. polops, Cope.......... 9. bifrontata, Cope . surinamensis, Laur..... . pleii, D.& B. ........ Misti, AG LZ. woe... . vittipunctata, Cope..... . chrysoleema, Cope . thoracica, Cope xii SYSTEMATIC INDEX. 16. auberi, Coct........... 17. dorsalis, Gray 18. corvina, Cope 19. punctata, Gray........ 6. Cuemidophorus, Wagl. .. 1. murinus, Zaur........ 2. espeuti, Blgr. 3. lemniscatus, Daud. .... 4. nigricolor, Ptrs. ...... 5, sexlineatus, Z......... 6, mariarum, Gthr. ...... 7, maximus, Cope........ 8. guttatus, Weegm....... 9.immutabilis, Cope .... 10. deppii, Wiegm......... 11. hyperythrus, Cope .... 12. ocellifer, Spex 13, multilineatus, Phil. .... 14, lacertoides, D. §& B. 15. longicauda, Bell 16. heterolepis, Tsch....... ae . Dicrodon, D. § B. . Crocodilurus, Spex . Leposoma, Spx perplexus, B. & Ge... inommatus, Hall........ decemlineatus, Hall,... Callopistes, Gravh....... 1. maculatus, Gravh. .... 2, flavipunctatus, D. § B.. 1. guttulatum, D.§ B. .. 2. calliscelis, Cope . Teius, Merr.... cee eee 1. teyou, Daud. 1. lacertinus, Daud....... . Neusticurus, D.§ B. .... ]. bicarinatus, Z......... 2. ecpleopus, Cope . Alopoglossus, Bigr....... 1. copil, Blgr. oe... eee. 2. carinicaudatus, Cope .. 3. buckleyi, O'Sh. 1.1... 1. scincoides, Spice See coe 2, dispar, Pirs........4.. . Loxopholis, Cope........ 1. rugiceps, Cope . Pantodactylus, D. § B. .. 16. 17. 1. schreibersii, Weegm. Arthrosaura, Blgr....... 1. reticulata, O’Sh. 2.2... Prionodactylus, O'S... .. 1. argulus, Pérs. . 2.20... 2. oshaughnessyi, Blyr. .. 3. quadrilineatus, Boetty. . 4 ) 4, manicatus, O'Sh....... 5. vertebralis, O'SA,...... Page 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 864 868 869 870 370 871 871 872 873 . 878 374 375 360 3860 360 875 875 876 377 377 3878 378 379 380 3880 381 381 382 883 883 384 385 386 386 387 387 387 388 . 388 389 3389 390 391 392 893 393 394 Page 18. Cercosaura, Wagl. ...... 395 1. ocellata, Wagl......... 895 19. Placosoma, Tsch......... 396 1. cordylinum, TZsch. .... 397 20. Anadia, Gray .......... 398 1. ocellata, Gray ........ 398 2. rhombifera, Gthr. .... 899 3. metallica, Cope........ 400 4. bogotensis, Ptrs....... 400 21, Ecpleopus, D. § B....... 401 1. gaudichaudii, D. § B... 401 2. affinis, Pérs........... 402 22. Pholidobolus, Pérs....... 403 1. montium, Pirs. ...... 403 23, Euspondylus, Tsch....... 404 1. strangulatus, Cope .... 405 2. Deane, ilo) eae 406 3. acutirostris, Ptrs....... 407 4. guentheri, O'SA. ...... 407 24, Argalia, Gray .......... 408 1, marmorata, Gray...... 408 25. Oreosaurus, Pérs......... 409 1. oculatus, O’Sh.. 0.6.2... 410 2. luctuosus, Pérs. ...... 410 3. striatus, Pirs. ........ 411 4. petersii, Boetty. ...... 411 26. Proctoporus, Tsch. ...... 412 1. pachyurus, Tsch....... 412 2. unicolor, Gray........ 413 3. simoterus, O’Sh. ...... 414 4. meleagris, Blyr. ...... 415 27. Scolecosaurus, Bigr. .... 416 1. cuvieri, Fitz........... 416 2. pallidiceps, Cope ...... 417 28. Cophias, Fitz. .. 0.0.2... 417 1. tridactylus, Daud. .... 418 2. heteropus, Boettg. .... 418 3. flavescens, Bonn....... 418 4. dorbignyi, D. § B..... 419 heteropus, Licht....... 417 29, Ophiognomon, Cope . 420 1, trisanale, Cope........ 420 2. abendrothii, Pers. . 421 3. vermiforme, Cope .... 421 30. Heterodactylus, Spir .... 422 1. imbricatus, Spiz ...... 422 2. lundii, R. & Le... 60... 423 31. Perodactylus, R.§ LZ. .. 423 1. modestus, R. § LZ. .... 423 32. Iphisa, Gray............ 424 1. elegans, Gray ........ 424 38. Tretioscincus, Cope...... 425 1. bifasciatus, A. Dum. .. 425 2. leevicauda, Cope ...... 426 34. Micrablepharus, Boettg. .. 426 1. maximiliani, R. §& LZ... 426 SYSTEMATIC INDEX, 7 Page 35, Gymnophthalmus, Herr. . 427 1. quadrilineatus, L. . 427 2. sumichrasti, Cope...... 428 3. luetkenii, Bocourt .... 429 4. pleli, Bocourt ........ 429 Fam. 15, AMPHISBANIDZ. A. Prosphyodontes, 1. Chirotes, Cu. .......... 43 1. canaliculatus, Bonn. .. 482 2. Blanus, Wagl.... 1.60... 433 1. cinereus, Vand. 433 2. strauchii, Bedr. ...... 434 3. bedriagee, Bigr. ...... 434 3. Amphisbeena, L......... 435 1. fuliginosa, Z. ........ 437 DODO, Lis scinsmeee aaa 438 8. beniensis, Cope........ 439 4, subocularis, Pérs....... 440 5. pretrii, D. § B. ...... 440 6. leucocephala, Ptrs. .... 441 7. mertensii, Strauch .... 441 8. vermicularis, Wagl..... 441 9, darwinii, D. G B. .... 442 10. albocingulata, Boettg... 443 11. angustifrons, Cope .... 443 occidentalis, Cope...... 443 12. plumbea, Gray........ 443 13. gracilis, Strauch ...... 444 14, steindachneri, Strauch.. 444 15. mildei, Pirs........... 445 16. ceca, Cur oo. cece ees 445 17. cubana, Pirs. ........ 446 18. violacea, Ptrs. ........ 446 19. quadrifrons, Ptrs. .... 447 20. kraussi, Pirs. ........ 447 21. leucura, D. § B....... 447 22. muelleri, Strawch...... 448 23. leonina, F. Afill. ...... 448 24, liberiensis, Blgr. ...... 449 25. fenestrata, Cope ...... 449 26, punctata, Bell ........ 450 27. brasiliana, Gray ...... 450 . Anops, Bell ..........5. ]. kingii, Bell .......... 2. africanus, Gray ...... . Geocalamus, Gthr. ...... 1. modestus, Githr. ...... . Monopeltis, Smith 1. capensis, Smth 2. sphenorhynchus, Pers... 3. welwitschii, Gray ... 4. guentheri, Blgr. ...... 5. galeata, Hall. ........ 6. dumerilii, Strauch .... 7. scalper, Gthr. ........ 8. magnipartita, Pérs. .... 9 10 11 . anchietee, Bocage . jugularis, Pérs......... . koppenfelsii, Strauch .. 7. Rhineura, Cope ........ 1. floridana, Baird ...... 8. Lepidosternon, Wagl..... . microcephalum, Wag. . . phoceena, D. § B . strauchii, Boetig....... . infraorbitale, Berth... .. . rostratum, Strauch .... . petersii, Strauch ...... . polystegum, A. Dum... . erassum, S¢'auch . wuchereri, Pirs. .....+ . guentheri, Strauch .... . boettgeril, Blgr. ...... . affine, Boetig. ........ . boulengeri, Boettg. .... . onychocephalum, Boetig. xii Page 451 451 452 453 453 453 455 455 . 456 456 457 457 457 458 453 459 459 459 460 460 462 463 463 463 464 464 464 465 466 466 466 467 467 468 15. octostegum, A. Dum... 468 16. scutigerum, Hempr..... 469 B. Emphyodontes. 9. Trogonophis, Kaup ...... 470 1. wiegmanni, Kaup .... 470 10. Pachycalamus, Githr..... 471 1. brevis, Gthr.... 6.0.60. 471 11. Agamodon, Pfrs......... 471 1. anguliceps, Pivs....... 472 CATALOGUE OF LIZARDS. Order LACERTILIA (continued). Suborder I. LACERTILIA VERA (continued). Fam. 6. IGUANIDA, Ieuaniens, part., Cuvier, Regne Anim. ii. 1817, Ascalabote, part., Merrem, Tent. Syst. Amph, 1820. Pneustoidea, Agamoidea, part., Fitzinger, Neue Classif. Rept. 1826, Teuanide, Gray, Phil. Mag. (2) ii, 1827. Pachyglosse, part., Wagler, Syst. Amph. 1880. Dendrobate prosphyodontes and Humivage prosphyodontes, Wiegmann, Herp. Mex. 1834. Iguaniens pleurodontes, Duméril & Bibron, Erp. Gén. iv. 1837, Corythophanz, Hypsilophi, Ptychosauri, Polychri, Dactyloz, Dra- conturz, Heterotropides, Steirolepides, Doryphori, Phrynosomata, Fitzinger, Syst. Rept. 1843. Iguanide, Gray, Cat. Liz, 1845. Anolide, Iguanidee, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1864. Iguanide, Boulenger, Ann. & Mag. N. H. (5) xiv. 1884. The Lizards of this family resemble very closely, in external as well as internal characters, those of the preceding, or Agamide, from which they are distinguished by the pleurodont dentition. The distinct heterodontism, so frequent in the latter family, is exhibited VoL. II. B 2 IGUANIDE. to aslight degree by one genus only (Uraniscodon) ; in all others the teeth are subequal in size, and if, as is usually the case, the lateral ones differ from the front ones, the change is gradual. In all genera save Amblyrhynchus, Conolophus, and Phymaturus, the anterior teeth are conical ; the lateral ones are also sometimes simply conical or with obtuse crowns, but more frequently compressed and tricuspid ; in Zywana and Metopoceros the crowns are finely den ticu= lated on the edge. In the above-named highly remarkable genera Amblyrhynchus, Conolophus, and Phymaturus, all the teeth are deeply trilobate, or flower-de-luce shaped. The shafts of the teeth are constantly long and cylindrical, and hollowed out at the base. Pterygoid teeth are present in many species; I have not employed this character for the distinction of genera unless accompanied by others. Chamveleolis is one of the few Lizards in which teeth are inserted on the palatine bones. The skull does not differ in any important point from that of the Agamide, However, dermal cranial ossifications, as, for instance, the horn-like tubercles of Phrynosoma, may be present. A supra- orbital arch, such as has been noticed in the Agamoid genus Lyrio- cephalus, occurs in Corythophanes and Phrynosoma. The clavicle is slender proximally, except in the genera Basiliscus and Lemanctus. In describing the Jguania as having the “clavicle with simple proximal ends,” Cope* remarks in a footnote that “ the transverse limb of the mesosternum [sternum, odis] extending to the angle of the clavicle, gives an appearance in some of the Basiliscine of a proximal foramen.” I had hitherto held this opinion to be correct, but now find, on careful examination of the pectoral arch of the types alluded to, that the clavicle is really loop-shaped, and that those two genera constitute an exception in the family /guanide, which is cha- racterized by a non-dilated clavicle. The interclavicle is T- or anchor- shaped, exceptin Phrynosoma, in which the longitudinal limbis absent. The sternum is frequently perforated by a fontanelle. A more or less complete system of ossified or tendinous abdominal ribs is deve- loped in many genera, in some (Anolis, Polychrus, Inosaurus, &c.) to the same extent as in the Geckonide. The tongue is thick and villose, entirely fixed to the floor of the mouth, or slightly free anteriorly, and not or but very feebly nicked. The pupil of the eye is round, and the eyelids well developed. The tympanum is distinct, except in Holbrookia. Femoral pores exist in all North-American genera, and are absent in the great majority of the South-American. In some of the latter the males have a series of pores on the anterior border of the vent, The scaling of the head and body varies extremely, and gular appendages, crests, and other ornaments are not unfrequent. The upper head-scales are usually small, but in some genera assume a * Proc. Ac. Philad. 1864, p. 227. IGUANIDX, 3 shield-like disposition. An enlarged scale is usually present, repre- senting the interparietal of other Lizards, and, through fusion with adjacent scales, sometimes acquires a remarkably large size. Fol- lowing the example of previous authors, and for convenience, I have used the term “ occipital ” for this shield, although it is not homo- logous with that so-called ; but I have had to depart from this rule in dealing with the genus Ziolemus, in which, owing to the greater development of the parietals and the presence of a true occipital, that terminology might have led to confusion. The habits of the numerous members of this family are as varied as their physiognomy. All the forms which we have observed in the Agamoids are repeated here, save the parachute-bearing Dragons, which have no pleurodont analogues. On the other hand, such types as the Anoles, with their digital expansions, and the semi-marine algivorous Amblyrhynchus, are unrepresented in the acrodont series. However, this apparent parallelism between the Agamoid and Igua- noid series of genera is very superficial, and there is, it appears to me, -not one form so exactly repeated in both as to deserve to be united into the same genus, were the character of the dentition, on which the family distinction is based, not to be considered. The great majority of Iguanoids are insectivorous; Jyuana, Bra- chylophus, Amblyrhynchus, Conolophus, Phymaturus, Sawromalus, Basiliscus, are herbivorous; and the Ctenosawra are reported to be omnivorous. Some species of Sceloporus and Phrynosoma are at present the only Iguanoids known to be ovoviviparous. With the exception of two genera occurring in Madagascar, and one in the Friendly and Fiji Islands, the range of this family is restricted to the New World. Synopsis of the Genera. I. Femoral pores absent (or a few present, in the male sex only, in the genus Enyalioides). A. Digits more or less dilated or depressed, with smooth trans- verse lamelle inferiorly, the distal joint narrower, cylindrical or compressed. 1. Distal joint raised above the penultimate. Lateral teeth with subspherical crowns; palatine and pterygoid bones toothed .......-.+ se ee 1. Chameleolis, p. 7. Lateral teeth tricuspid ; tail prehensile. ; : : 2. Kiphocercus, p. 8. 1 teeth tricuspid ; tail not prehensile. ee 3. Anolis, p.11. — 2. Distal joint not raised. Digits scarcely dilated..........-. 4. Norops, p. a Beene B 4 IGUANIDE. B. Digits not dilated. 1, Premaxillary teeth conical. a. Infradigital lamella distinctly keeled. a. Posterior part of head more or less produced. A gular sac; head with two ridges uniting posteriorly into an ele- vated bony crest ........ eee ee 7. Corythophanes, p. 101. No gular sac; occipital region flat.. 8. Lemanctus, p. 104. No gular sac ; toes lobate ........ 9. Basiliscus, p. 106. f. Head not produced posteriorly. * One or more transverse gular folds, or a very large’ occipital (or interparietal) shield, + Sternum without fontanelle. + Body more or less compressed ; a dorsal crest. No abdominal ribs ; no gular sac; no femoral pores. 10. Ophryoessa, p. 111. Abdominal ribs ; male with a more or less developed gular sac and usually a few femoral pores .... 11. Enyalioides, p. 112. —_ tt Body depressed. A dorsal crest ; toes denticulated laterally. 19. Chalarodon, p. 128. No dorsal crest ; toes compressed .. 20. Hoplurus, p. 129. No dorsal crest; toes depressed, denticulated laterally. 17. Pristidactylus, p. 127. +r A sternal fontanelle; occipital shield very large. + Caudal scales small or moderately large. Digits straight ; no canine-like teeth 27. Tropidurus, p. 171. —- Digits strongly bent at the articulations; anterior maxillary teeth longest. pies chance dew eds 28. Uraniscodon, p. 178. \ tt Caudal scales very large and spinose. No fold across the throat ; tail subcylindrical. 29. Strobilurus, p. 181.——_ Two folds across the throat; tail flat. 30. Urocentron, p. 182. —— 1 Je, much larger than the eye-opening. IGUANID., an ** No transverse gular fold ; occipital shield small. t A gular appendage. Body compressed ................ 5. Tropidodactylus, p. 97. Tt No gular appendage. + Males with anal pores. Dorsal scales smooth and juxtaposed 23. Helocephalus, p. 187, Dorsal scales keeled and imbricate,. 24. Liolemus, p. 138. ~ mo tt No anal pores. § Caudal scales forming verticils. Abdominal ribs ; dorsal and ventral scales large and keeled. 18. Scartiscus, p. 127. No abdominal ribs .............. 21. Stenocercus, p. 131. §§ Caudal scales not forming verticils. No abdominal ribs ; body slightly depressed; head-scales small and keeled. c.ccvay ey chededs aonb ens 25. Saccodeira, p. 158. — ~ Abdominal ribs; body more or less compressed. 26. Liocephalus, p. 160. — 6. Infradigital lamella smooth or indistinctly keeled. a. A transverse gular fold; no anal pores. * Body cylindrical or feebly compressed. A slight dorsal crest or denticulation. 12. Enyalius, p. 117. —— No crest ; dorsal lepidosis heterogeneous. 13. Anisolepis, p. 122. —__ No crest; dorsal scales uniform, granular. 14. Urostrophus, p. 123:—~ ** Body depressed; no dorsal crest. Lateral teeth tricuspid............ 15. Liosaurus, p. 124.-— Lateral teeth with obtuse or subspherical crowns. 16. Diplolemus, p. 125. p. No gular fold ; male with anal pores. 22. Ctenoblepharis, p. 136. 2. Premaxillary teeth tricuspid. Body much depressed ........+... 31. Phymaturus, p. 184. 6 IGUANID 4, II. Femoral pores present. A. Third and fourth toes equal. Body strongly compressed ; no dorsal crest. 6. Polychrus, p. 98. —— B. Fourth toe longer than third. 1, Anterior teeth, as well as the laterals, trilobate. Tail strongly compressed, crested ; a rudiment of web between the LOGS. apna RE LA Re RRS 32. Amblyrhynchus, p. 185. Tail roundish, slightly compressed ; toes quite free. 33. Conolophus, p. 186. 2. Lateral teeth with denticulated crowns. Asmall gular pouch ............ 34. Metopoceros, p. 187. A large non-dilatable gular appendage. 35. Iguana, p. 189. —— 3. Lateral teeth tricuspid (sometimes with one or two addi- tional cusps) or subconical. a Head without spines. a. Series of femoral pores short ; a transverse gular fold. Body compressed; a dorsal crest ; male with a gular sac. 36. Brachylophus, p. 192. Body scarcely compressed ; a dorsal erest ; no gular sac. 38. Ctenosaura, p. 195, Body depressed ; no dorsal crest; dorsal scales equal. 39. Cachryx, p. 199. Body depressed ; no dorsal crest; dorsal scales heterogeneous. 40. Hoplocercus, p. 199. — f. Series of femoral pores extending on nearly the whole length of the thigh, or no transverse gular fold. * A vertebral crest or denticulation. A small gular sac and a feeble transverse gular fold. 37. Cyclura, p. 1938. No gular pouch; a strong transverse gular fold. 41. Dipsosaurus, p. 201. ** No dorsal crest; body depressed. ¥ Occipital scalo small; a transverse gular fold. Tail scarcely longer than head and body. 42. Sauromalus, p. 202. 1. CHAMELEOLIS. 7 Tail much longer than head and body. 43. Crotaphytus, p. 203. Tt Occipital very large. { Two transverse gular folds; dorsal scales uni- form, minute; caudal scales small. § Edge of the gular folds not denticulated. 44, Petrosaurus, p. 205. §§ Edge of the second gular fold denticulated. Tympanum distinct; no spines on’ the outer margin of the foot. 45. Callisaurus, p. 205. Tympanum distinct; a series of spines on the outer margin of the FOOTE io. caiiiern hoes Repideg “aca dprare Reals heed 46. Uma, p. 206. Tympanum concealed ............ 47. Holbrookia, p. 207. tt One or two transverse gular folds ; caudal scales large and strongly keeled. 48. Uta, p. 210. ttt No gular fold .. 49. Sceloporus, p. 216. b. Head bordered posteriorly by bony spines. 50. Phrynosoma, p. 239. 1. CHAMAILEOLIS. Anolis, part., Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 85. Chameeleolis, Cocteau, in R. de la Sagra, Hist. Cuba, Rept. p. 145; Gray, Cat. Liz. p. 196. Pseudochameleon, Fitsing. Syst. Rept. p. 63. Tympanum distinct, Parietal bone expanded into a large shield, covered, as well as the rest of the upper surface of the head, with rugose tubercular dermal ossifications. Body compressed, covered above with unequal-sized, flat, soft scales, inferiorly with minute granules. A dorso-nuchal dermal fold or crest. No transverse gular fold. Male with a large, non-inflatable, folding gular appen- dage. Digits depressed, strongly dilated, inferiorly with smooth transverse lamelle, the distal joints slender and compressed. No femoral or preanal pores. ‘Tail moderately long, strongly com- pressed. Lateral teeth with subspherical crowns; pterygoid and palatine bones toothed. No sternal fontanelle. Abdominal ribs. Cuba. 1. Chamzleolis chamzleontides. Chameleolis fernandina, Gray, Cat. p. 196. Anolis chameleonides, Dum. § Bibr. p. 168. Chameleolis fernandina, Coct. /.c, pl. xv. 8 IGUANIDE. Pseudochameleon cocteaui, Fitz. 1. c. Anolis fernandina, Reinh. § Liith. Vidensk. Meddel. 1862, p. 170, ? Chameeleolis porcus, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1864, p. 168. Head very large, chameleon-like, twice as long as broad, raised posteriorly ; upper surface concave, covered with irregular, rough, bony tubercles, largest on the prominent canthus rostralis; nostril near the tip of the snout; eye-opening very small; ear-opening small, vertically oval, a small dermal process above it; labials numerous ; rostral and mental small, latter bisected ; several rows of enlarged scales near the infralabials. Gular scales minute, granular ; a double row of small triangular lobes on the chin; gular appendage large, extending to the posterior extremity of the thorax. Body strongly compressed. Dorso-nuchal crest attached to the posterior border of the casque, decreasing gradually in height, its edge scarcely denticulated; it is covered with longitudinal rows of roundish flat tubercles, separated by wrinkled subgranular skin. Body covered above and on the sides with large, round, flat scales, separated by intervals occupied by much smaller ones; ventral region minutely granulate. Limbs rather short, the adpressed hind limb reaching axilla; digits strongly dilated. Tail very strongly compressed, as long as head and body, covered with large, juxta- posed, irregular smooth scales, inferiorly with smaller keeled ones. Brownish, variegated with yellowish; gular appendage purplish. Total length .............. 325 millim. Head (to extremity of casque) 66 ,, Width of head ..........., 35g, BO Cy a's. g cee anlar ea gua lacanats EIQ” =, Fore limb ............. min OOS as Hand Vm oss 2st sietscdene aus 80. C_—=, Pail” gcc taiwan wee ale act 160, Cuba. a 3s Cuba. W.S. MacLeay, Esq. [P.]. 2. KIPHOCERCUS. Anolis, part., Dum. §& Bibr. iv. p. 85; Gray, Cat. Liz. p. 189. Peony Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 67; Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1861 ‘ p. 215, Placopsis, Gosse, Ann. §& Mag. N. H. (2) vi. 1850, p. 846. Tympanum distinct. Body compressed, covered above with un- equal-sized flat scales. Dorso-nuchal erest very slightly developed or absent. Head with large shields. No transverse gular fold. Male with a non-inflatable folding gular appendage. Digits strongly dilated, inferiorly with smooth transverse lamelle, the distal joints slender and compressed. No femoral or preeanal pores. Tail mode- rately long, strongly compressed, prehensile. Lateral teeth tri- cuspid ; pterygoid teeth. No sternal fontanelle. Abdominal ribs. Tropical America, 2. XIPHOCERCUS. 9 1. Xiphocercus valenciennesii. Anolius valenciennii, Gray, Cat. p. 206. Anolis valencienni, Dum. § Bibr. p. 181; A. Dum. Arch. Mus. viii. pl. xix. fig. 2; Bocourt, Miss. Sc. Mev., Rept. pl. xiv. fig. 1. Dactyloa (Xiphocercus) valenciennii, Fitzing. 1. ¢. p. 67. Placopsis ocellata, Grosse, 1. ¢. Anolis leucocephalus, Hallow. Proc. Ac. Philad. 1856, p. 226. Xiphocercus valenciennii, Cope, /. ¢. Head large, nearly twice as long as broad, nearly twice as long as the tibia; forehead plane, covered with very large symmetrical smooth shields; shields of the supraorbital semicircles in contact between the orbits or separated by one row of scales; occipital much longer than broad, much larger than the ear-opening, in contact with the supraorbital shields or separated by one series of scales; five to eight large smooth supraocular scales, separated from the supraorbitals by one row of granules; canthus rostralis sharp, canthal scales four or five; nostril just above the canthus rostralis ; eight or nine upper labials to below the centre of the eye; ear- opening very small. Gular appendage very large in the male, ex- tending beyond the thorax, smaller, but nevertheless well developed, in the female; the greater portion of this appendage perfectly naked; gularscales smooth. Body strongly compressed, not crested, covered with flat smooth roundish granules, largest on the flanks, where they are separated by minute grains, subimbricate on the belly. Limbs rather short, the adpressed hind limb reaches the axilla or the shoulder ; twenty-three to twenty-six lamelle under phalanges 11. and 111. of the fourth toe. Tail strongly compressed, with a low crest or deuticulation above; its length does not much exceed that of head and body. Male with enlarged postanal scales. Cream-coloured or pale brown above, with more or less distinet brown markings; lower surfaces white, the belly sometimes vermi- culated with brown; the skin of the gular appendage grey (in spirits). Total length .......... 191 millim. Head oe ot oa Week wed 27 oy Width of head ........ 16 5 Ody 3a ins oi aiaisiotng iia Sy arr Fore limb ..........6- 28 ys Wc Kate i Vb0r1 peer eeePnenee error 44, PED oy saearssoaarnn adie IS a; Parl) Gade, eee 107_—so,, Jamaica, a-b, ce, f. d,9,& hgr. Jamaica. -P. H. Gosse, Esq. [P.]. (Types of Placopsts ocellata.) g Se Jamaica P 10 IGUANIDH, 2. Xiphocercus heterodermus. Anolis heterodermus, A. Duin. Cat. Méth. Rept. p. 59, and Arch. Mus. viii. p. 516, pl. xix. fig. 4. Head large, nearly twice as long as broad, nearly twice as long as the tibia; forehead concave, covered with large, irregular, smooth or slightly tectiform shields ; shields of the supraorbital semicircles in contact between the orbits, or separated by two rows of scales ; parietal and squamosal bones forming slight ridges, with series of enlarged shields ; occipital scale much longer than broad, much larger than the ear-opening, in contact with the supraorbital shields or separated by one series of scales ; one or two large smooth supra- ocular scales, separated from the supraorbitals by one row of granules; canthus rostralis angular, canthal scales extremely large, four; nine upper labials to below the centre of the eye; ear-opening very small. Gular appendage rather small, with longitudinal series of scales; gular scales smooth ; a series of large square shields on each side, close to and much larger than the infralabials. Body strongly compressed, with a slight dorso-nuchal denticulation or crest; dorsal and lateral scales flat, smooth, roundish, widely separated by smaller round scales of irregular size; ventral scales hexagonal or squarish, smooth, strongly imbricate. Limbs rather short; the adpressed hind limb reaches the axilla; twenty lamelle under phalanges 1. aud 111. of the fourth toe. Tail strongly compressed, with a slight crest or denticulation above, covered with rather large keeled scales, the keels forming straight longitudinal continuous lines; its length does not much exceed that of head and body. Male with strongly en- larged postanal scales. Olive above, some of the larger scales and a band from the loreal region to the fore limb yellowish white ; belly pale olive, brown-spotted. Total length .......... 160 millim., ead ed seis eee eee 7 Width of head ........ Ts Spa BOO sree Socevtedenn ares 9 44, Fore dim a ence nieces 25° sy Hind limb............ 33 C(«,, TDUD La ax avai eyiia (our Selae 10° 4 Tail . DD) 5 Colombia. a-b. S Bogota. Pe, Skin, not good state, from snout to vent 100 millim. 3. ANOLIS. 11 3. ANOLIS *. Anolis, Daud. Rept. iv. p. 50; Merrem, Tent. p. 44; Fituing. N. Classif. Rept. p.17; Dum. & Bibr. iv. p. 85; Bocourt, Miss. Se. Mezx., Rept. p. 57. Anolius, Cuv. &. A. ii. p. 41; Gray, Cat. Liz. p. 199. Xiphosurus, Fitzing. 1. c., and Syst. Rept. p. 67; Gray, 1. c. p. 197. Dactyloa, Wagler, Syst. Amph. p. 148; Wiegm. Herp. Mex. p. 16; Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 66; Gray, 1. c. p. 198. Draconura, Wagl. l.c.3 Wiegm.l.c.; Fitzing, l. c. p. 69; Gray, l. c. p. 207. a Cocteau, C..R. Ac. Paris, ili. 1836, p. 226; Gray, 1. e. . 206, Giemcnotns, Fitzing. loc. p. 64. Semiurus, p. 64. Microctenus, p. 64. Ptychonotus, p. 65. Istiocercus, p. 65. Eunotus, p. 65. Deiroptyx, p. 66. Trachyceelia, p. 66, Ctenodeira, p. 66, Tropidopilus, p. 66. Eudactylus, p. 67. Heterolepis, p. 67. Trachypilus, p. 67. Pristicercus, p. 67. Ctenocercus, p. 68. Gastrotropis, p. 68. Heteroderma, p. 68, Dracontopsis, p. 69. Rhinosaurus, Gray, 1. e. p. 199. Scytomycterus, Cope, Journ, Ac. Philad. (2) viii. 1876, p, 165. Tympanum distinct. Body more or less compressed, cylindrical, or feebly depressed, covered with juxtaposed or imbricate scales or granules. Dorso-nuchal crest slightly developed or absent. Male with a gular appendage. Digits more or less dilated, inferiorly with smooth transverse lamellw, the distal joints slender and raised above the basal ones. No femoral or preanal pores. Tail long, cylindrical or compressed, not prehensile. Lateral teeth tricuspid ; pterygoid teeth generally present. No sternal fontanelle. Abdominal ribs. Tropical and Subtropical America. ? * 1, Anolius flavescens, Gray, Cat. p. 202.—Hab. The specimens are missing in the collection. ; 2. Anolis (Draconura) tropidogaster, Hallow. Proc. Ac, Philad. 1856, p. 224. —Colombia. 3. A. sericeus, Hallow. 1. c. p. 227.—Jalapa, Mexico. 4. A. angusticeps, Hallow. 1. ¢. p. 228.—Cuba. 5. A. cooperi, Baird, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1858, p. 254; Cope, eod. loc. 1862, p. 181.—California. 6. A. longicauda, Hallow. Proc. Ac. Philad. 1860, p. 481; Cope, 1 e.— Nicaragua. ~ : 7. A. rubiginosus, Bocourt, Ann. Sc. Nat. (5) xvii. 1872, art. 2, and Miss. Sc. Mex., Rept. pl. xvii. bis, fig. 2.— Oaxaca. 12 IGUANIDAB. Synopsis of the Species. I. Tail strongly compressed and crested; body strongly compressed, with a dorsal crest of small triangular lobes. Ventral scales smaller than dorso-laterals ; latter flat and smooth ................ 1. equestris, p. 21. Ventrals slightly smaller than dorso-laterals ; latter flat and keeled ; scales on upper sur- face of snout tubercular.............-.. 2. ricordii, p. 22. Ventrals nearly as large as dorso-laterals: latter flat and keeled; scales on upper sur- face of snout flat, hexagonal ............ 3. cuviert, p. 23. Ventrals larger than dorso-laterals; latter granular and keeled .................. 4, edwardsit, p. 24. II. Tail more or less strongly compressed in the male, with a crested or serrated upper edge, which is at least indicated in the female by a series of strongly enlarged keeled scales. Dorsal scales small, as large as or a little larger than the laterals, and smaller than the ventralsy; those on the vertebral line fre- quently more enlarged. Occipital scale considerably larger than the surrounding ones. No fold across the throat. A. Ventral scales smooth or very feebly keeled. 1. The scales on the middle of the back larger than those on the flanks, a, Tibia as long as the distance between the end of the snout and the ear-opening. Supraorbital semicircles separated from each other by two or three series of scales, and from the occipital by four or five series .. 5. gundlachii, p.25. é. Tibia shorter than the distance between the end of the snout and the ear-opening. a. Scales on upper surface of snout not keeled; supra- orbital semicircles formed of very large scales, in contact or narrowly separated. * The width of the dilated part of the middle toes equals at least two thirds the length of the slender distal part. + Occipital scale separated from the supraorbitals. Supraocular scales keeled; scales on the vertebral line very feebly enlarged; 18 to 25 lamelle under phalanges 1. and m1. of the: fOUrh COCs vie eseces a yo en alae yk ae 6. cristatellus, p. 26. Supraocular scales smooth; scales on the vertebral line scarcely larger than those on the flanks; 18 to 21 lamelle under pha- langes 21, AUT: secven ahaa wee ee 7. stratulus, p, 27. 3. ANOLIS. 13 Supraocular scales smooth or very feebly keeled ; scales on the vertebral line abruptly enlarged, forming two longitudinal series ; ventral scales nearly as large as antefemo- rals ; 18 to 21 lamelle under phalanges 11. BNE TT esiiase gantedaw skate atae as tala 9. gingivinus, p. 28. Supraocular scales smooth or very feebly keeled; scales on the vertebral line en- larged ; ventrals much smaller than ante- femorals ; 23 to 32 lamella under phalanges II. and Tit. ...... a mtaiae GAN Grays Aneta Merenehe 10. leachii, p. 29, Tf Occipital in contact with supraorbitals, Supraocular scales smooth...............0. 1l. alligator, p. 31. ** The width of the dilated part of the middle toes only half the length of the slender distal part. Head not twice as long as broad; ventral scales strongly imbricate, nearly as large as the enlarged supraoculars .............. 14. cybotes, p. 34. Head twice as long as broad; ventrals much smaller than the largest supraoculars .... 15. ettrinellus, p. 35. (. Scales on upper surface of snout keeled ; supraorbital semicircles separated by one or two series of scales, Occipital scale smaller than the ear-opening .. 8. homolechis, p. 28. Occipital larger than the ear-opening ...... 12. grahami, p. 32. 2. The scales on the middle of the back not at all larger than those on the flanks. Supraorbital semicircles in contact; supra- ocular scales smooth .................. 13. distichus, p. 33. B. Ventral scales keeled. 1. Occipital scale in contact with the supraorbitals. Supraorbital semicircles in contact; supra- ocular scales keeled ...........0..000.. 16. acutus, p. 36. 2. Occipital separated from supraorbitals. a. Scales on upper surface of snout not keeled; supraorbital semicircles in contact or narrowly separated by one or two series of scales. a. Tibia shorter than the distance between the end of the snout and the ear-opening. Supraocular scales kecled ............-.4. 17. krugt, p. 87. j3. The length of the tibia equals or exceeds the distance between the end of the snout and the ear-opening. Supraocular scales keeled ................ 18. richardii, p. 37, Supraocular scales smooth ..........-4+5 19. lineatus, p. 38. 14 IGUANID.E. b. Scales on upper surface of snout keeled; supraorbital semicircles separated by one or two series of scales. Ventral scales small and feebly imbricate, the keels not forming continuous lines ...... 20. lineatopus, p. 39. Ventral scales large and strongly imbricate, the keels sharp and forming continuous ities vas iaciaegrewd VASA Cee 21. sagre, p. 40. III. Tail strongly compressed, with serrated upper edge; a strong fold across the throat. All the scales very small and keeled........ 22. vermiculatus, [p. 41. IV. Tail cylindrical; dorsal and lateral scales minutely granular, intermixed with scattered enlarged ones. Ventral scales smooth; supraorbital semi- circles in contact, sc ceisseaeu see rau ae 23. loysiana, p. 42. V. Tail subcylindrical or slightly compressed, seldom more com- pressed and with a slightly serrated trenchant upper edge’. Dorsal scales, except in some cases those on the vertebral line, not or but indistinctly larger than those on the flanks. Digital expansions strongly or moderately developed, 7. ¢. the third phalange of the fourth toe is considerably broader than the basal. A. Occipital scale at least as large as the ear-opening ; scales of the supraorbital semicircles considerably enlarged. 1. Tibia not measuring two thirds the length of the head (to occiput). a. Oceipital separated from supraorbitals. a. 22 to 27 lamelle under phalanges 11. and m1. of the fourth toe. Scales of the supraorhital semicircles separated from each other by one or two series of scales, and from the occipital by one series. 24. carolinensis, Scales of the supraorbital semicircles separated [p. 43. from each other by two or three series of scales, and from the occipital by three BETIOS. aise yaaa an a dete tanta aes 25. chlorocyanus, [p. 44. 6. 18 lamelle under phalanges 11. and ut. of the fourth toe. Occipital separated from supraorbitals by one series of scales; two or three large supra- OCUIALS). Sica cneancniaaaiaione eamadom 3a dat 27. isolepis, p. 46. 1} The species presenting this exception will at once be recognized as not belonging to division II. of this synopsis, by the very small size of the occipital. 3. ANOLIS. 15 Occipital separated from supraorbitals by two or three series of scales; four loreal scales in a vertical series in front of the orbit .. 28. beckeri, p. 46. Occipital separated from supraorbitals by one series of scales; two loreal rows ........ 44, impetigosus, [p. 55 b. Occipital in contact with supraorbitals. Rostral plate not produced .............. 45. tigrinus, p. 55. Rostral produced into a flexible appendage .. 46. levis, p. 56. 2. Tibia measuring at least two thirds the length of the head. , a. Occipital separated from supraorbitals. a. Tibia quite as long as the distance between the end of the snout and the ear. * Supraorbital semicircles in contact. Supraocular scales smooth...............4 26. luctus, p. 45. ** Supraorbital semicircles separated. Supraocular scales keeled ; supraorbital semi- circles separated from each other by three series of scales, and from the occipital by four or five series 0.0.2.2... 0. cece 33. limifrons, p. 49. Supraocular scales keeled; supraorbital semi- circles separated from each other by one series of scales, and from the occipital by UWOSERIES: dc daira eds eee sete 34. bransfordit, p.50. Supraocular scales smooth................ 35. trochilus, p. 50. (3. Tibia shorter than the distance between the end of the snout and the ear. * Scales on upper surface of snout keeled ; supraocular scales keeled. T Scales on the vertebral region not keeled, perfectly similar to those on the flanks. Occipital not larger than the ear-opening.... 29. damulus, p. 47. +T Scales on the vertebral region keeled. t Tibia slightly shorter than the distance between the end of the snout and the ear-opening. The adpressed hind limb does not reach be- yond the eye; tail once and two thirds to twice as long as head and body ........ 30. fusco-auratus, The adpressed hind limb does not reach be- [p. 48. yond the eye; tail not more than once and one third as long as head and body ...... 31. rodriguezit, p. 49, 16 IGUANIDE. The adpressed hind limb reaches the end of CHE -SNOUG accin ga hs ba os SEW Eee we 32. aureolus, p. 49. tt Tibia considerably shorter than the distance between tho end of the snout and the ear- opening. Occipital scarcely larger than the ear-opening, separated from the supraorbitals by two series of scales. oc giascewses ewe a eens 42. baceatus, p. 54, Occipital considerably larger than the ear- opening, separated from the supraorbitals by three or four series of scales ........ 43. guentheri, p. 54. *#* Scales on upper surface of snout smooth. + Occipital larger than the ear-opening. + Canthus rostralis weak; snout not produced. Supraorbital semicircles separated by two or three rows of scales; the adpressed hind limb reaches the front of the orbit ...... 36. bocourti2, p. 50. Supraorbital semicircles in contact or sepa- rated by one row of scales; the adpressed hind limb does not reach the eye ........ 37. ortonii, p. 51. tx Canthus rostralis sharp; end of snout truncate in the female, compressed and produced in the male. Ventral scales smooth ...............00- 47, punctatus, p. 57. Ventral scales keeled.............. 00.04. 48. boulengeri, p. 58, Tr Occipital not larger than the ear-opening. Supraorbital semicircles in contact ........ 50. buckleyi, p. 58. b. Occipital in contact with supraorbitals. Supraorbital semicircles in contact ........ 49. transversalis,p.58. B. Occipital very small or quite indistinct, at any rate smaller than the ear-opening. a. Tibia as long or nearly as long as the distance between the end of the snout and the ear-opening. a. Median dorsal scales keeled. * Head (to occiput) a little longer than the tibia. Tt Caudal scales subequal. 16 to 18 lamellw under phalanges 1. and m. of the fourth toe; ventral scales smooth or indistinctly keeled... 4 any eee ney ox ex 38. schiedii, p. 52, 13 or 14 lamelle under phalanges mu. and mr.; ventrals keeled.................. 40, tropidolepis,p. 53. 3. ANOLIS. 17 tr Tail with a dorsal series of enlarged scales. Supraorbital semicircles separated by three or four series of scales ..............000- 39. polylepis, p. 52. Supraorbital semicircles separated by one series Of Scales, (ans sk wea hectean sae ane alere’ 41. pulchripes, p. 53 ** Head not longer than the tibia. Supraorbital semicircles separated by five series OR SCALES seer sn ytAnogse sae te Geman tanralens y 58. pachypus, p. 63. {. All dorsal scales perfectly smooth. Head as long as the tibia; upper head-scales STOOEN:. 6 viene bash bees wy) Vials A ow ee tet k 3 51. fasciatus, p. 59. Head a little longer than the tibia; upper head-scales bi- or tri-carinate .......... 52. gemmosus, p. 60. b. Tibia not longer than the distance between the end of the snout and the posterior border of the orbit. a. Ventral scales smooth or indistinctly keeled. * Enlarged supraocular scales keeled. Dorsal scales smooth .............2220485 -. 53. andianus, p. 60. Dorsal scales keeled .......-.. 0.00.2. 005. 54. squamulatus, [p. 61. ** Supraocular scales not keeled. t Scales on upper surface of arm pluricarinate. Ear-opening very small.................. 56. microtus, p. 62. tf Scales on upper surface of arm smooth or uni- carinate. Dorsal scales flat and smooth; tail without upper ridge, nearly twice as long as head and. bOdy seacacas aude’ sd AGiaheene aed aes 57. insignis, p. 63. Dorsal scales convex, granular; tail little longer than head and body, subtriangular in section, with trenchant, serrate dorsal GHG) 2s. tae eiskaw ede eweeens 59. pentuprion, p. 6-4, Dorsal scales granular and keeled ; tail at least twice as long as head and body ........ 60. fraseri, p. 65. All the scales of the body equal in size .... 55. latifrons, p. 62. GB. Ventral scales distinctly keeled. Ventral scales large and sharply keeled .... 61. copii, p. 65. Ventral scales small and rather feebly keeled 62. petersii, p. 66. VoL. II. c 18 IGUANIDE, VI. Tail strongly compressed; dorsal scales much larger than the laterals. Dorsal and ventral scales rhomboidal, imbri- Cale; REEL a: aiacsaratsl sup noek 4.00 ooh ees 63. pulchellus, p. 67. VII. Tail cylindrical or feebly compressed; dorsal scales larger than the laterals whenever the digital expansions are distinctly developed ; dorsal and lateral scales equal or nearly equal in a few species in which the third phalanx of the fourth toe is not distinctly wider than the basal. A. Dorsal scales as large as or larger than the ventrals, 1. Head (to occiput) longer than the tibia. a. Dorsal scales not larger than the ventrals. Dorsal and ventral scales large; occipital en- [p. 68. Tae ed ic sent cs cheers tha Were cence leach ethane 64. semilineatus, Scales smooth ; occipital not larger than the surrounding scales................ 0005 91. oxylophus, p. 84. b. Dorsal scales larger than the ventrals. u. Scales on upper surface of snout smooth. Dorsal and ventral scales keeled .......... 65. spectrum, p. 69. Dorsal and ventral scales smooth .......... 67. lionotus, p. 70. f. Scales on upper surface of snout keeled or striated. Dorsal scales feebly keeled or striated ...... 66. cyanopleurus, Dorsal scales strongly keeled, in about ten [p. 69. longitudinal series ................000. 86. humilis, p. 82. Dorsal scales strongly keeled, in seven series. 87. quayyulus, p. 83. 2. Head not, or scarcely, longer than the tibia; dorsal and ventral scales sharply keeled. Dorsal scales larger than ventrals; tibia as long [p. 83. as the head iy eves ve gavin recs ene sae ka 88. tropidonotus, Dorsal scales larger than ventrals; tibia shorter than the head ..............., 89. uniformis, p. 84. Dorsal scales not larger than ventrals ...... 90. metallicus, p. 84. B. Dorsal scales smaller than ventrals ‘. 1. The length of the tibia is less than the distance between ~ the end of the snout and the ear, a. Ventral scales smooth. Head elongate ................,. ee 68. alutaceus, p. 71. 6. Ventral scales keeled. a. Occipital considerably longer than the greatest dia- meter of the ear-opening. * In a few species very slightly. 3. ANOLIS. 19 * Head nearly twice as long as broad. The adpressed hind limb reaches the eye.... 70. heliactin, p. 72. The hind limb reaches the neck or the ear .. 71. ustus, p. 73. ** Head about once and two thirds as long as broad. + Dorsal scales considerably smaller than ventrals, two or four median rows abruptly enlarged. Two median dorsal rows enlarged; supra- ocular scales keeled ...............00.. 73. concolor, p. 74. Two median dorsal rows enlarged; supra- oculars smooth .......... 00 cece eee ee 74, bourgei, p. 74. Four median dorsal rows enlarged ........ 76. leviventris, p. 76. tt Dorsal scales slightly smaller than ventrals, graduating into the laterals. Enlarged supraocular scales much dilated transversely, in a single longitudinal series, BMOOtH 6 oo gee dae nt ce wite nats ee 77. nebulosus, p. 77. +tt Dorsal scales considerably smaller than ven- trals, graduating into the laterals. Dorsal and ventral scales small; male with- out a large blue or purplish spot on the [p. 78. gularappendage 2): 2dsechisieek nes 80. intermedius, Ear-opening not or hardly half the length of the occipital; scales rather large; male with a large spot on the gular appendage . 81. sallei, p. 79. Ear-opening measuring more than half the length of the occipital; male with a large spot on the gular appendage............ 82. benotatus, p. 80. B. Occipital not, or but slightly, longer than the ear- opening. * Dorsal scales rhomboidal, keeled. Dorsal scales nearly as large as ventrals, small; occipital not enlarged .......... 75, salvini, p. 75. Dorsal scales nearly as large as ventrals, large; occipital enlarged .............. 78. nebuloides, p. 77. Dorsal scales considerably smaller than ven- trals, graduating into the laterals........ 83. cumingit, p. 80. Dorsal scales considerably smaller than ven- trals, abruptly passing into the laterals.. 85. crassulus, p. 81. c2 20 IGUANIDE. ¥# Dorsal scales granular, smooth, very small. Head very short........-.. 2 eee eens eeee 106. obtusirostris, p. 95 2, Tibia at least as long as the distance between the end of the snout and the ear. a. Dorsal scales keeled. a. The third phalanx of the fourth toe distinctly wider than the basal. * Ventral scales smooth or indistinctly keeled. Supraorbital semicircles separated by one row of scales of nearly equal size......-..... 72. cymbops, p. 73. ** Ventral scales keeled. + Scales of the supraorbital semicircles in contact medially or separated by one row of very small scales. Scales on the forehead not keeled; tail with [p. 77. a dorsal series of enlarged scales ........ 79. palpebrosus, Scales on the forehead keeled ............ 95. lemurmus, p. 86. +t Scales of the supraorbital semicircles separated by one to four series of scales. + Occipital as large as or larger than the ear- opening. Dorsal scales much larger than laterals, smaller than ventrals; supraorbital semicircles separated from each other by one or two series of scales, and from the occipital by two or three series; 13 or 14 lamelle under phalanges IT. and III. of the fourth toe .. 84. eupreus, p. 80. Dorsal scales very small; supraorbital semi- circles separated from each other by two to four series of scales, and from the occipital by three to five series; 13 or 14 lamelle.. 93. godmani, p. 85. Scales of the three or four median dorsal [p. 87. series nearly as large as the ventrals .... 96. trachyderma, Dorsal scales very small; 17 or 18 lamelle 98. biporcatus, p. 88. tf Occipital smaller than the ear-opening. Occipital minute or wanting.............. 91. pecilopus, p. 84. Occipital enlarged, little smaller than the ear- OPCMING ssy-sncce es aad See 8 ee aes 97. stigmosus, p. 87. 8. The three basal phalanges of the fourth toe of nearly equal width. * Head nearly twice as long as broad. Eleven longitudinal series of large dorsal scales 69. bitectus, p. 71. 3. ANOLIS. 2] Two median series of dorsal scales abruptly ONlaTeed is awit as aeqew eg haremnaes os 94. radulinus, p. 86. ** Head short. T Occipital considerably larger than the ear- opening. Ventral scales large and sharply keeled .... 99. chrysolepis, p.89. tt Occipital nearly as large as, or smaller than, the ear-opening. Dorsal scales very small, slightly larger than the laterals; ventrals large and strongly ROCA se nes eran bh ches ale val Me eee 100. seypheus, p. 90. Dorsal and ventral scales small, feebly keeled 102. leptoscelis, p. 92. Scales on the vertebral region nearly as large as the ventrals; latter strongly keeled.... 103. lentiginosus, [p. 93. 6. Dorsal scales smooth. Occipital larger than the ear-opening ; upper head-scales keeled .......... 000000000 101. nitens, p. 91. Occipital larger than the ear-opening ; upper [p. 94. head-scales smooth................000. 104, bombiceps, Occipital minute........ 6.0 c eee ees 105. capito, p. 94. 1. Anolis equestris. Dactyloa equestris, Gray, Cat. p. 198*. Sloane, Nat. Hist. Jam. ii. p. 333, pl. 273. fig. 2. Anolis equestris, Merr. Tent. p. 45; Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 157; Coct. in R. de la Sagra, Hist. Cuba, Rept. p. 114, pl. ix. Anolius rhodolemus, Bell, Zool. Journ. iii, 1828, p. 235, suppl. pl. xx. Ctenonotus (Eupristis) equestris, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 64. Head very large, once and three fourths as long as broad, much longer than the tibia; upper surface slightly concave, covered with irregular, rough, bony tubercles, largest on the snout, and especially on the canthus rostralis; loreal rows four or five tT; supraocular scales very small; occipital indistinct ; squamosal bone forming a strong tubercular ridge; eye-opening small; car-opening very small; nine or ten upper labials to below the centre of the eye. Gular appendage very large, extending posteriorly to beyond the thorax, a little smaller in the female; its greater portion perfectly naked. Body strongly compressed, with a small dorso-nuchal crest * O'Shaughnessy remarks, Ann. & Mag. N. H. (4) xv. p. 271, that “the second specimen referred in Dr. Gray’s Catalogue to this species is a Urostro- phus vautiert.” As I find in another bottle labelled Urostrophus vautiert a specimen of Anolis equestris, it is clear that Gray never committed the error which has been attributed to him, but that a confusion of bottles has taken Jace. : + The loreal rows are counted in a vertical series in front of the orbit. 22 . IGUANIDE, of triangular erect scales. Dorsal scales large, flat, smooth, sub- oval, separated by fine granules, slightly larger on the flanks ; ventral scales much smaller than dorsals, subhexagonal, imbricate, smooth. Limbs moderately long; the adpressed hind limb reaches the temple; digital expansions well developed ; forty-four to forty-six lamell under phalanges 1. and 111. of the fourth toe. Tail strongly compressed, with serrated upper edge, its length nearly twice that of head and body. Male with enlarged postanal scales. Bright blue- green above, pale green inferiorly: upper surface of head yellow or brown ; a whitish band above the fore limb; gular appendage pink. Total length .......... 460 millim, 1S Cie Gomer erent ere 5D: 4 Width of head ........ Bl ss Body: gaan ae thene dae 105, Forelimb ............ 67 5; Hind. limb. 4.2 saws 106s, TDA: 2910. oncaeid aceteee 33 C,, Path: sca ur aise dae ntecats 300, Cuba, Jamaica. a o. Cuba. W.S. MacLeay, Esq. [P.]. bu oS. Cuba. Ce Ps — 2. Anolis ricordii. Xiphosurus ricordii, Gray, Cat. p. 197. Anolis ricordii, Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 167. Ctenonotus (Semiurus) ricordii, Fitsing. Syst. Rept. p. 64. Eupristis baleatus, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1864, p, 168. Xiphosurus ricordii, O’Shaughn. Ann. § Mag. N. H. (4) xv. 1875, p. 271. Head large, once and two thirds to once and three fourths as long as broad, much longer than the tibia; forehead slightly concave, a deeper concavity behind the interorbital region; anterior part of head covered with large, irregular, rough, bony tubercles; scales of the supraorbital semicircles also rough and tubercular, separated by three longitudinal rows of small tubercles ; supraocular scales small, the larger ones keeled ; occipital indistinct ; canthus rostralis pro- minent, canthal scales four, tubercular; loreal rows six or seven ; ten upper labials to below the centre of the eye; ear-opening small, vertically oval. Gular appendage very large in.both sexes, extend- ing posteriorly beyond the thorax, entirely covered with granules ; gular scales obtusely keeled. Body strongly compressed, with a crest of small erect spines, highest on the nape; this crest more de- veloped in the male than in the female; dorsal and lateral scales small, roundish or oval, keeled, juxtaposed or separated by minute granules ; ventral scales slightly smaller, smooth or obtusely keeled, subimbricate. Limbs moderately elongate; the adpressed hind 3. ANOLIS. 23 limb reaches the temple or the eye; digital expansions well deve- loped ; thirty to thirty-two lamellae under phalanges 1. and ru. of the fourth toe. Tail strongly compressed, with feebly serrated upper edge, in the adult male with a high fin-like crest on its an- terior half, supported by the much produced neural spines; the length of the tail equals nearly twice that of head and body. Male with enlarged postanal scales, Brown or bluish above, with more or less distinct bluish-white transverse bands, most regular on the limbs ; head above yellowish brown; belly white, uniform or brown- spotted ; gular appendage yellow. Total length .......... 416 millim. Head, seu a4 wie tiaaeas 46 ,, Width of head ........ 28, Bodye ais sta baleen ag a eae 100 so, Forelimb ............ 63 Cy, Hind limb............ 108 Cg, TEDDY Eze eris a taal teciatiterteigor 33, Mat. pSsig-a graye sade aeve shea 270, San Domingo. a. San Domingo. bg. San Domingo. M. Sallé (C.]. (Type of Fupristis baleatus.) 3. Anolis cuvieri. Xiphosurus velifer, Gray, Cat. p. 197. Cuv. R. A. ii. p. 42, pl. v. fig. 1. Anolis cuvieri, Merr. Tent. p. 45. Xiphosurus cuvieri, Fitzing. N. Class. Rept. p. 48. Dactyloa cuvieri, Wagl. Syst. Amph. p. 148. Anolis velifer, Guér. Icon. R. A., Rept. pl. xii. fig. 1; Dum. & Bibr. iv. p. 164; Reinh. §& Liitk. Vidensk. Meddel. 1862, p. 260. Ctenonotus (Semiurus) cuvieri, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 64. Head large, not quite twice as long as broad, much longer than the tibia; forehead and occiput concave; anterior part of head covered with hexagonal, flat, rugose scales; scales of the supra- orbital semicircles not enlarged ; supraocular scales small, with two series of hexagonal, keeled, enlarged ones; supraciliary edge very prominent, forming a small crest; canthus rostralis prominent ; loreal rows five; ten upper labials; ear-opening vertically oval. Gular appendage very large, extending posteriorly beyond the thorax, nearly entirely naked. Body strongly compressed, with a small serrated crest. Dorsal scales ovate-hexagonal, fecbly keeled, juxtaposed, separated by minute granules; ventral scales as large as dorsals, squarish, smooth, subimbricate. Limbs moderately elon- gate ; the scales under the thighs as large as the ventrals; digital expansions well developed. Tail strongly compressed, in the male with a high fin-like crest on its anterior half, supported by the much-produced neural spines. Slaty blue above, flanks blackish : 24 IGUANIDE. a series of brown spots on the vertebral line ; lower surfaces bluish white, the gular appendage white. Total length .......... 387 millim. Head... ... ce eee eee 45, Bod yes cciee aves aeks a8 OF — 55 Forelimb ............ 60, Hind limb............ 105 =, Parl vs scence neaes-ees 245, Porto Rico and Virgin Islands. 4, Anolis edwardsii. Dactyloa edwardsii, Gray, Cat. p. 198. Edwards, Glean, Nat, Hist. p. 78, pl. —. Anolis edwardsii, Merr. Tent. p. 45; Griff. A. K. ix. p. 228, pl. —; Dum. §& Bibr. iv. p. 161. Ctenonotus (Microctenus) edwardsii, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. G4. Dactyloa edwardsii, Gosse, Nat. Soj. Jamaica, pl. iv. Head rather large, once and three fifths to once and three fourths as long as broad, much longer than the tibia; forehead plane or scarcely concave ; a concavity behind the interorbital region in the adult male; upper head-scales hexagonal, strongly keeled, largest ’ on the forehead ; scales of the supraorbital semicircles scarcely larger than the latter, separated by two or three rows of scales ; twelve to seventeen enlarged, keeled supraocular scales, separated from the supraorbitals by one row of granules; occipital as large as or a little larger than the ear-opening, separated from the supraorbital semicircles by three or four series of scales ; canthus rostralis sharp, canthal scales five or six; loreal rows five or six; seven or eight labials to below the centre of the eye; ear-opening moderately large, subtriangular. Gular appendage of moderate size, scarcely deve- loped in the female, with rows of distant .feebly-keeled scales ; gular scales very small, obtusely keeled. Body strongly compressed, with a dorso-nuchal crest of triangular scales ;. the crest scarcely distinct in the female. Dorsal and lateral scales granular, keeled, the latter somewhat smaller; ventral scales slightly larger than dorsals, subhexagonal, smooth. Limbs moderately long; the ad- pressed hind limb reaches the temple or the eye; digital expansions well developed; twenty-eight to thirty-two lamelle under pha- langes sr. and 111. of the fourth toe. Tail strongly compressed, with a crest of triangular scales much more developed than on the back; the caudal scales with annuli of strongly enlarged ones, forming very distinct segments ; length of the tail at least twice that of head and body. Male with slightly enlarged postanal scales. Green above, with more or less distinct reddish or whitish oblique trans- verse bands on the body; female with a vertebral series of round light spots ; lower surfaces greenish white. 3. ANOLIS. 25 Total length .......... 438 millim. Head 4:0 gse arses Was do, Width of head ........ 28: 35 Body os cir t oa @awurs eees 94 Cy Fore limb ............ 60 soz, Hind limb............ 103, AIDING ecco wae eh. oek aa 32 CO, Dail. Oty .bn ate Ma yee oe f 300, Jamaica. a-b, c-d,e. 3. Jamaica. P. H. Gosse, Esq. [P.]. Fh. SQ. Jamaica. R. Heward, Esq. [P.]. uo. Jamaica. Capt. Parry [P.1. mo. —? Sir W. Hooker [P.]. nO. —? Zoological Society. oO, p. 3. as g. Skeleton -——? 5. Anolis gundlachii. Anolis gundlachi, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1876, p. 705. Head, to ear-opening, as long as the tibia; the distance between the eye and the ear-opening slightly less than the length of the snout; two sharp frontal ridges; suprarostral scales polygonal, mostly keeled; scales of the supraorbital semicircles separated by two or three rows of smaller scales; fifteen to seventeen enlarged keeled supraocular scales; occipital large, a little smaller than the ear-opening, separated from the supraorbitals by four or five rows of scales. Gular appendage of moderate size. Body com- pressed, with a low vertebral fold beginning on the nape. Dorsal and lateral scales small, granular, a little enlarged, and forming a double keel on the vertebral fold; ventral scales larger, convex, or feebly keeled. Limbs anteriorly with keeled scales; lower and posterior faces of the arm and thigh finely granulate. Tail strongly compressed, in its basal half with an elevated fin-like crest supported by the much-produced spinous processes. Greyish green, with small black spots forming three or four irregular cross-bands on the body ; a few whitish, dark-edged, roundish spots on the sides; snout and caudal crest blackish green, each scale with a yellowish-green spot ; skin of gular appendage blackish, the scales lemon-yellow ; lower surfaces greenish yellow. Total length .......... 165 millim. Pia eic eee 165 ,, Body scared sew eeurnes< 38°5 ,, Fore limb ............ 30 Cy, Hind limb............ 50 Cg, Dail) 228 saad pousieet woes 110, Porto Rico. 26 IGUANID.Z. 6. Anolis cristatellus. Cuv, R. A, ii. 2nd ed. p. 49. . Anolis cristatellus, Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 143; Reink. § Liith. Pidensk. Medd. 1862, p. 249; Bocourt, Miss. Se. Mex., Rept. pl. xiv. tig. 12; Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1876, p. 706. Ptychonotus (Istiocercus) cristatellus, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 65. Xiphosurus cristatellus, O’Shaughn. dnn. § Mag. N. HL. (4) xv. 1875, p. 271. Head moderate, once and a half to once and two thirds as long as broad, longer than the tibia; forehead more or less distinctly con- cave, with two diverging ridges ; a concavity behind the interorbital region in the male; upper head-scales smooth ; scales of the supra- orbital semicircles very large, in contact between the orbits (ex- ceptionally separated by one row of granules), produced forwards as frontal series; six to twelve enlarged, keeled supraocular scales, separated from the supraorbitals by one or two rows of granules; occipital nearly as large as the ear-opening, separated from the supraorbital semicircles by two or three series of scales; canthus rostralis sharp, canthal scales three; five or six loreal rows ; six or seven labials to below the centre of the eye; ear- opening moderately large, vertically suboval. Gular appendage of moderate size, scarcely developed in the female, with rows of distant small scales; gular scales very small, feebly keeled. Body rather short, feebly compressed, in the male with a dorso-nuchal fold. Dorsal scales small, granular, smooth, smaller still on the flanks ; ventral scales larger, cycloid, imbricate, smooth or feebly keeled. Limbs moderately long; the adpressed hind limb reaches the eye or a little beyond; digital expansions well developed ; eighteen to twenty-five lamellae under phalanges mu. and 111. of the fourth toe. Tail compressed, strongly in the male; the latter have usually, but not always, a much developed fin-like crest on the basal half of the tail, supported by the much-produced spinous processes of the vertebree ; length of the tail not twice that of head and body. Male without distinctly enlarged postanal scales. Greyish or brownish above, uniform or marbled with brown; females and young with a more or less distinct light vertebral band; lower surfaces whitish, uniform or dotted with brown; gular appendage blackish. Totallength .......... 205 millim. Head .......... waa ak 5 Width of head ........ 13s, BOO a; MDI 8s 6, 2 ccchdes acer ont val oe 19 ,, Mean reset ark a9 anova ee ara 130 Leeward Islands ; Martinique? a o. Curagoa. 20. Anolis lineatopus. (Pxarz I. figs. 1, 2.) Anolius lineatopus, Gray, Cat. p. 208, maculatus, Gray, J. ¢. Anolis lineatopus, Gray, Ann. §& Mag. N. H. v. 1840, p. 113. —— maculatus, (non Gray, supra) Gray,l.c.; Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1861, p. 209 ; Reinh. § Liith. Vidensh. Meddel. 1862, p. 268; Bocourt, Miss. Se. Mex., Rept. pl. xiv. fig. 18; O’Shaughn. Ann. & Mag. N. HH. (4) xv. 1875, p. 275. Head moderate, once and two thirds to once and three fourths as long as broad, longer than the tibia; forehead concave, with strong frontal ridges; occiput concave in the male; upper head-scales keeled; scales of the supraorbital semicircles large, separated medially by one or two series of scales; nine to sixteen enlarged, keeled supraocular scales, in contact with the supraorbitals or separated by one row of granules ; occipital nearly as large as the ear-opening, separated from the supraorbitals by three to five series of scales; canthus rostralis angular, canthal scales three or four; loreal rows five to seven; six to eight labials to below the centre of the eye; ear-opening moderately ‘large, suboval. Gular appendage large, extending backwards beyond the thorax, scarcely indicated in the female; gular scales keeled. Body rather short, compressed ; male with a slight dorso-nuchal fold. Dorsal scales small, granular, keeled, smallest on the flanks, distinctly enlarged on the vertebral region ; ventral scales larger, subhexagonal, slightly imbricate, dis- tinctly keeled. Limbs moderate; the adpressed hind limb reaches the eyeor between the latter and the nostril; digital expansions mode- rately developed ; eighteen to twenty-one lamelle under phalanges m. and m1. of the fourth toe. Tail compressed, with very slightly serrated upper edge, its length not twice that of head and body. Malo with slightly enlarged postanal scales. Brownish above, with darker markings or reticulations, and with lighter spots confluent into more or less regular transverse bands on the back and limbs ; female 40 IGUANIDE. with five light longitudinal bands, the widest and most distinct extending from the shoulder to the hind limb; lower surfaces whitish. Total length .......... 197 millim. Headey sce aut e ace oe 5 23 xs Width ofhead ........ 14 45 Body vi sscxe ame see ve 49 ,, Pore limb’ 632.4% wasn ne 4 6 34 Cy, Hind limb...........- 57 Tibia peat essaeee aes Le a3 OS rere ere areca ee 125 Jamaica. a Q. —? Sir J. MacGregor it (Type.) be. ¢. —?P Sir J. MacGregor [P.]. (Types of A. maculatus.) d. d. —? et. S. Jamaica. P. H. Gosse, Esq. [P.]. ko. Jamaica. 21. Anolis sagre. Anolius nebulosus, (non Wiegm.) Gray, Cat. p. 208. Anolis sagrei, Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 149; Coct.in R. de la Sagra, Hist. Cuba, Rept. p. 181, pl. xili.; Hallow. Proc. Ac. Philad. 1856, p. 229; Bocowrt, Miss. Sc. Mex., Rept. p. 80, pl. xv. fig. 14; O’Shaughn. Ann. § Mag. N. H. (4) xv. 1875, p. 275. Dactyloa (Trachypilus) sagreei, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 67. ; Draconura catenata, Gosse, Ann. § Mag. N. H. (2) vi. 1850, p, 346. Anolis ordinatus, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1864, p. 175. Head once and two fifths to once and two thirds as long as broad, a little longer than the tibia; forehead very slightly concave ; upper head-scales sharply keeled ; scales of the supraorbital semicircles a little enlarged, separated by one series of scales; five to eleven enlarged, keeled supraocular scales, in contact with the supraorbitals or separated by one row of granules; occipital nearly as large as the ear-opening, separated from the supraorbitals by two or three series of scales; canthus rostralis distinct, canthal scales two or three; loreal rows four or five; five or six labials to below the centre of the eye; ear-opening moderate, oval. Gular appendage moderately large, indicated in the female; gular scales feebly keeled. Body compressed ; dorso-nuchal fold absent or feebly developed. Dorsal ‘scales small, feebly keeled, smallest on the flanks, a little enlarged on the vertebral line; ventral scales larger, rhomboidal, strongly imbricate, strongly keeled. The adpressed hind limb reaches the eye ; digits moderately dilated; eighteen to twenty-one lamelle under phalanges 11. and 111. of the fourth toe. Tail compressed, strongly in the male, with slightly serrated upper edge ; its length not twice that of head and body. Male with enlarged postanal scales. Brown above, with golden gloss, uniform or spotted with darker ; sometimes three paler longitudinal bands run along the vertebral line and 3. ANOLIS. 4l from axilla to groin; frequently a series of large oval or rhomboidal darker spots on each side of the back; lower surfaces whitish, with metallic gloss. Total length .......... 160 millim. Heads: a3 a enemies cs py ae Width of head ........ Th. <3, Body xete inna ee-ca seats 43, Fore limb ............ yer Hind limb............ 44, UDI: se sesame a se 14s, Tall. sp evienacd tw dices essa 100 ,, zuela. a-b. 3. Cuba. W.S. MacLeay, Esq. [P.]. ad. Cuba. ao. Bluetields, Jamaica. P. H. Gosse, Esq. [P.]. (Type of Draconura catenata.) e-g SQ. W. Indies. (Types of A. ordinatus.) h. Oo. Yzabal. i,k. 3. Honduras. Lp. SQ. Half Moon Cay, Belize coast. gr. 3. Caracas. 22. Anolis vermiculatus. Anolius vermiculatus, Gray, Cat. p. 204. Anolis vermiculatus, Dwn. § Bibr. iv. p. 128; Coct.in R. de la Sagra, Hist. Cuba, Rept. p. 120, pl. x.; Bocourt, Miss. Sc. Mex., Rept. pl. xv. fig. 7. Ptychonotus (Deiroptyx) vermiculatus, Fvtzing. Syst. Rept. p. 66. Head rather large, twice as long as broad, longer than the tibia ; forehead not concave, occiput concave in the male; upper head- scales small, rugose ; scales of the supraorbital semicircles enlarged, separated by one or two series of scales; median supraocular scales very feebly enlarged; occipital smaller than the ear-opening, separated from the supraorbitals by four series of scales; canthus rostralis prominent, canthal scales five or six ; seven or eight labials to below the centre of the eye; ear-opening large, vertically oval. Gular appendage scarcely indicated; a strong, angular, transverse gular fold; gular scales keeled. Body compressed ; a slight nuchal fold. Dorsal scales small, oval, granular, keeled, smaller on the flanks, a little enlarged on the vertebral region ; ventral scales small, larger than dorsals, feebly imbricate, strongly keeled. Limbs long ; the adpressed hind limb reaches the anterior border of the orbit ; digits rather feebly dilated ; twenty-eight to thirty lamelle under phalanges um. and ut. of the fourth toe. Tail strongly compressed, with feebly serrated upper edge, at least twice as long as head and body. Male with enlarged postanal scales. Olive above, the back and neck handsomely reticulated with black ; lower surfaces pale olive-brown. 42 IGUANIDZ. Total length .......... 357 millim. Head: oi van ewe ears Ol. ss Width of head ........ 19 =O, Body saowira verse pees 80, Fore limb: o:c¢ecs+ae04 51, Hind limb ...444s40456 OD: 35 Tibia Ce BiG we Wa Ba eRe ey 27 0 aa 2s5 dp are. ts agai eee 240 ,, Cuba ac. & Cuba 23. Anolis loysiana. Acantholis loysiana, Gray, Cat. p. 206. Acantholis loysiana, Cocteau, C. R. Ac. Paris, iii, 1836, p. 226, and in R. dela Sagra, Hist. Cuba, Rept. p. 141, pl. xiv. Anolis loysiana, Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 100; Bocourt, Miss. Se. Mex., Rept. pl. xiv. fig. 9. Heteroderma loysianum, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 68. Anolis (Acantholis) argillaceus, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1862, p. 176. Head nearly twice as long as broad in the male, shorter in the female, much longer than the tibia; forehead concave, frontal ridges indistinct ; upper head-scales smooth; scales of the supra- orbital semicircles large, in contact medially ; three or four large, smooth supraccular scales, in a single longitudinal series, separated from the supraorbitals by granules; occipital larger than the ear- opening, separated from the supraorbitals by two series of scales ; canthus rostralis sharp; six upper labials; ear-opening small, roundish. Gular appendage small; gular scales smooth. Body not compressed ; no dorso-nuchal fold. Dorsal and lateral scales small, granular, intermixed with scattered enlarged ones, which in the male are conical; ventral scales small, larger than dorsals, roundish, smooth, subimbricate. The adpressed hind limb reaches the neck ; digital expansions well developed. Tail cylindrical, a little longer than head and body, with a dorsal series of enlarged flat scales. Greenish or brownish-white above, with a series of brown spots on each side; a dark temporal band ; lower surfaces white. Total length .......... 77 millim. Head eda eee eeeys 13) 35 Body's :asaees eee eens 24 Ci, Hore limb woiaanew ed yvas V5. 43 Hind limb............ 88 5 BUT contre jae hl ua Gees. 40 Cuba. 3. ANOLIs. 43 24. Anolis carolinensis. Anolius poreatus, Gray, Cat. p. 201. principalis, Gray, 2. c. p, 202. Catesby, Nat. Hist. Carol. ii. p. 55, pl. Ixv. ? Lacerta principalis, Linn. 8. N. i. p. 360. Anolis bullaris, part., Daud. Rept. iv. p. 69. carolinensis, Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 121; Holbr. N. Am. Herp. ii. p. 67, pl. vili.; Cocteau, in R. dela Sagra, Hist. Cuba, Rept. p. 125, pl. xi.; Hallow. Proc. Ac. Philad. 1856, p. 282. oreatus, Gray, Ann. §& Mag. N. H. v. 1840, p. 112. Dactyloa (Ctenocercus) carolinensis, Fitsing. Syst. Rept. p. 68. Anolis principalis, Bocourt, Miss. Sc. Mex., Rept. pl. xv. fig. 1; Shufeldt, Am. Nat. 1883, p. 919. Head once and two.thirds to once and three fourths as long as broad, much longer than the tibia; in the adult male the head very large, with very strong and prominent frontal ridges, converging anteriorly, and canthi rostrales, and slightly concave occiput, the head-scales large and rough, and the nostrils turned entirely upwards ; the head moderate in the female, with strongly striated scales ; scales of the supraorbital semicircles separated by one or two series of scales; six to eleven enlarged supraocular scales, separated from the supraorbitals by ene series of smaller scales; occipital as large as the ear-opening, separated from the supraorbitals by one or two series of scales ; canthal scales four; loreal rows three to five; six to nine labials to below the centre of the eye; ear-opening small, roundish subtriangular. Gular appendage moderately large, scarcely indicated in the female ; gular scales keeled or striated. Body not compressed; no dorso-nuchal fold. Dorsal and ventral scales equal, keeled, roundish-hexagonal, juxtaposed or subimbricate ; lateral scales a little smaller, round. Limbs short; the adpressed hind limb reaches the shoulder or the ear; digital expansions well developed ; twenty-two to twenty-seven lamellee under phalanges 11. and 111. of the fourth toe. Tail round, with a dorsal series of slightly enlarged scales ; its length nearly twice that of head and body. Male with enlarged postanal scales. Green above, head brownish ; body and limbs frequently dotted or reticulated with black ; sometimes a light vertebral band, and a large blue ocellus above the axil; lower surfaces greenish white, uniform or speckled with blackish. &: 2. Total length .......... 116 140 millim. Head? sede we wet 26 16, Width of head ........ 15 9 4, Body™, -eisecwe yuk tees 45 34, Fore limb ........... 26 20. ,, Hind limb .......... 43 31s, TU et ghd sincere a ees ak es 13 10.—*,, RAT) #17; teres a iite tances 145 90s, 8.E. United States ; Cuba. 44 IGUANIDZ. a-f. 6 &hgr. N. America, E. Doubleday, Esq. [P.]. g Q. N. America. Sir R. Murchison [ P.]. h. oc. N. America. i-l. SQ. N. Orleans. mo. Texas. (Types of n 3. Cuba. W.S. MacLeay, Esq. [P.]. > 4. porea- o-r. § & yg. Cuba. tus.) 8. 2 P J.O. W. Fabert, Esq. [P.]. tu. ae M. Sallé [C.]. 25. Anolis chlorocyanus. Anolius bullaris, Gray, Cat. p. 206. ? Lacerta bullaris, Linn. S. N. i. p. 868. Anolis bullaris, part., Daud. Rept. iv. p. 69. chlorocyanus, Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 117; Reinh. § Lith. Vidensk. Meddel. 1862, p. 266; O'Shaughn. Ann. § Mag. N. H. (4) xv. 1875, p. 272. Dactyloa (Xiphosurus) chlorocyana, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 67. Anolis leviceps, Lichtenst. Nomencl. Rept. Mus. Berol. p. 7. — (Ctenocercus) coelestinus, Cope, Proc, Ac. Philad. 1862, p. 177. Head moderate, nearly twice as long as broad, much longer than the tibia ; forehead very slightly concave, no frontal ridges ; upper head-scales rugose, not keeled ; scales of the supraorbital semicircles feebly enlarged, separated medially by one or two series of scales ; nine to twelve enlarged, feebly striated supraocular scales, separated from the supraorbitals by two series of smaller scales; occipitals small, as large as the ear-opening, separated from the supraorbitals by three series of scales; canthus rostralis angular, canthal scales four; loreal rows three or four; seven or eight labials to below the centre of the eye; ear-opening small, oval. Gular appendage indi- cated in the female [large in the male]; gular scales obtusely keeled. Body not compressed ; no dorso-nuchal fold. Dorsal scales small, granular, smooth or obtusely keeled, very slightly enlarged on the vertebral region ; ventral scales larger, subhexagonal, subimbricate, smooth or obtusely keeled. Limbs not very long; the adpressed hind limb reaches the neck; digital expansions well developed; twenty-five lamelle under phalanges 11. and 11. of the fourth toe. Tail roundish, with a series of enlarged flat scales superiorly; its length not twice that of head and body. Green, lighter inferiorly ; in one of the specimens the head and a large spot on each side of the body, extending to the axil, dark brown. Total length .......... 151 millim. HOA 2 iia te-ceeha nae ee 16. sO, Width of head ........ SD! 55 Bodyiegyasecnx saw en os 388, Fore limb ............ 21 Hind NMbi. aes ee eee 33 TDS. 8 eeu dG awk oe 10 millim. Alga 6 oi taken Boa tote oes raed 97 7a. San Domingo. a,b. Q. 8. Domingo. 26. Anolis lucius. Anolius lucius, Gray, Cat. p. 205. Anolis lucius, Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 105; Coct. in R. de la Sagra, Hist. Cuba, Rept. p. 136, pl. xii.; Bocourt, Miss. Sc. Mex., Rept. pl. xiv. fig.5; O'Shaughn. Ann. § Mag. N. H. (4) xv. 1875, p. 272. Dactyloa lucius, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 67. Anolis (Gastrotropis) argenteolus, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad, 1861, p. 213; Bocourt, l.¢. fig. 10. Head moderate in the male, smaller and with much more elongate snout in the female ; in the former the width of the head is contained once and two thirds to once and three fourths in the length, in the latter it is contained at least twice ; in both sexes the length of the head slightly exceeds that of the tibia ; snout much depressed, fore- head slightly concave ; no frontal ridges ; upper head-scales smooth ; scales of the supracrbital semicircles large, in contact medially ; six to ten enlarged, smooth supraocular scales, separated from the supra- orbitals by one or two series of granules; occipital nearly as large as the ear-opening, separated from the supraorbitals by one or two series of scales ; canthus rostralis rather obtuse, canthal scales four or five; loreal rows five; six or seven labials to below the centre of the eye; ear-opening rather large, suboval. Gular appendage rather small, not developed in the female; gular scales smooth. Body not compressed ; no dorso-nuchal fold. Dorsal scales very small, granular, smooth, uniform in size; ventral scales larger, sub- hexagonal, not or but slightly imbricate, smooth. Limbs elongate and slender; the hind limb reaches the front border of the orbit in the male, between the latter point and the end of the snout in the female; digital expansions well developed; twenty-one lamella under phalanges 1. and 111. of the fourth toe. Tail very slightly compressed, nearly twice as long as head and body. Male with enlarged postanal scales. Pale grey above, variegated with brown ; a light streak from the eye to the tympanum, and another above the temple; four more or less distinct brown chevron-shaped markings across the back; limbs with brown cross bars; lower surfaces whitish ; the throat with brown longitudinal lines or reticulations in the female. Total length ........ —* 146 millim TAG. heat dainty slay ees 14 14, Width of head ...... 8 65 ,, Body saxdieshaee tees 31 32. —C,, * Tail lost. 46 IGUANIDA. d. Fore limb .... cecasees 22 24 millim Hind limb.......... 38 Al ,, WIDIG. 2. bas Sho 12 13 =O, Parl, cases escorts — 100 ,, Cuba. a. Q. Cuba. Prof. Peters [P.]. b-d. $9. 2 27. Anolis isolepis. Anolis (Ctenocercus) isolepis, Cope, Proc. de. Philad. 1861, p. 214. Head large, nearly twice as long as broad, much longer than the tibia ; forehead slightly concave ; frontal ridges distinct, short ; upper head-seales smooth; scales of the supraorbital semicircles large, separated medially by one series of scales; only two or three large, smooth supraocular scales, separated from the supraorbitals by one series of granules; occipital larger than the ear-opening, separated from the supraorbitals by one series of scales; canthus rostralis sharp, projecting, canthal scales five ; loreal rows four ; seven upper labials to below the centre of the eye; ear-opening small, roundish- subtriangular. Gular appendage rather small; gular scales smooth. Body not compressed ; no dorso-nuchal fold. Dorsal and lateral scales equal in size, minute, granular, smooth; ventrals larger, roundish, flat, juxtaposed, smooth. Limbs very short; the adpressed hind limb reaches the neck; digital expansions well developed ; eighteen lamella under phalanges it. and 11. of the fourth toe. Tail cylindrical, with a dorsal series of slightly enlarged flat scales. No enlarged postanal scales. Whitish olive above, with irregular brown markings; upper surface of head obscured by brown marblings ; lower surfaces whitish, with scattered brown dots on the throat. ead: bigs S aaemd ace Bie Be 14 millim Width of head ........ O66 BOA You, 4 arg sits aac was ai 24 Ci, Hore: lM evud sekawe as IS os Hind limb............ 21a, DUDE or eaceae Rae ences 65 ,, Cuba. ad. Cuba. Prof. Peters [P.]. 28. Anolis beckeri. Anolis beckeri, Bouleng. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1881, p. 921. Head once and three fourths as long as broad, much longer than the tibia; frontal concavity slightly marked, no frontal ridges ; upper head-scales smooth; scales of the supraorbital semicircles enlarged, in contact medially, or separated by one series of scales; enlarged supraocular scales numerous, smooth, separated from the 3. ANOLIS. 47 supraorbitals by two rows of granules; occipital much larger than the ear-opening, separated from the supraorbitals by two or three series of scales; canthus rostralis rather obtuse, canthal scales four; loreal rows four; eight upper labials to below the the centre of the eye; ear-opening very small, roundish. Gular appendage small, but well developed (2); gular scales smooth. Body not compressed. Dorsal and lateral scales equal in size, minute, granular, smooth; ventrals similar, but larger. Limbs very short ; the adpressed hind limb reaches the shoulder ; digital expansions well developed ; eighteen lamellae under phalanges 1. and 11. of the fourth toe. Tail cylindrical, not much longer than head and body, with a dorsal series of enlarged flat scales. Light grey above, with pure white spots and a dark-brown network; tail encircled by complete dark-brown annuli; beneath white, with a few dark spots. Total length .......... 113 millim. RORY sh Sah wh ts 15, Width of head ........ 85 ,, Body os tn tad sane 40, Fore limb ............ 19°5 ,, Hind limb............ v 43 aes J lc eeenerernre er ermere eane! 9 55 Mail: ccc deste ae 58 Yucatan. 29. Anolis damulus. (Puare II. fig. 2.) Anolis damulus, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1864, p. 169, Head moderate, nearly once and two thirds as long as broad, longer than the tibia; forehead not concave, with slight, strongly diverg- ing frontal ridges; upper head-scales feebly keeled; scales of the supraorbital semicircles enlarged, produced forwards as frontal series, separated by one or two rows of scales; fourteen or fifteen enlarged, keeled supraocular scales, separated from the supraor- bitals by one or two series of smaller scales; occipital as large as the ear-opening, separated from the supraorbitals by four series of scales; canthus rostralis angular, canthal scales four ; loreal rows five; six labials to below the centre of the eye; ear- opening moderately large, oval. Gular appendage moderately large ; gular scales smooth. Body not compressed; no dorso-nuchal fold. Dorsal scales minute, granular, all perfectly equal, there being no vertebral series of enlarged ones; ventral scales larger, hexagonal, subimbricate, smooth. ‘The adpressed hind limb reaches the anterior border of the orbit; digital expansions well developed ; twenty-one lamelle under phalanges 11. and 111. of the fourth toe. Tail scarcely compressed, with strongly keeled scales, and a series of feebly enlarged scales along the dorsal line; its length not twice that of head and body. Male with enlarged postanal scales. Above metallic light reddish brown, with minute whitish dots on the sides and limbs ; lips varied with darker ; a whitish streak from below eye 48 IGUANIDA. to car; tail with blackish cross bars near the end ; belly pale golden, gular region faintly greenish. Total length .........-. 117 millim. Head. oc. as severe ane 13. Cw, Width of head ........ Bt. Cas Body? suis wae vals ee oT |y, Fore limb ........-545 20 ,, Hind limb..........-- 34. C(«,, TUDIR << naga neee eee ak Ws! Ly Tail, og hae ene ve se TL 45 Hab. ? ad. —? Dy. A. Giinther [P.]. (Type.) 30. Anolis fusco-auratus. Anolius fusco-auratus, Gray, Cat. p. 205. Anolis fusco-auratus, D’ Orbigny, Voy. Amér. Mér., Rept. pl. iii. fig. 2 ; Dum. § Bibr.iv.p.110; Guichen. in Gay, Hist. Chile, Rept. p. 21 ; Bocourt, Now. Arch. Mus, vi. 1870, Bull. p. 15, and Miss. Se. Mex., Rept. pl. xiv. fig. 16. Dactyloa (Tropidopilus) fusco-aurata, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 67, fusco-aurata, Tschudi, Faun. Per., Rept. p. 24. Anolis viridieeneus, Peters, Mon, Berl. Ac. 1863, p. 147. Head rather small, twice as long as broad, a little longer than the tibia; forehead concave, frontal ridges very short ; upper head-scales very small, feebly keeled; scales of the supraorbital semicircles en- larged, separated by two or three (exceptionally one) series of scales ; eight to twelve enlarged, keeled supraocular scales, separated from the supraorbitals by one or two series of granules ; occipital larger than the ear-opening, separated from the supraorbitals by two or three series of scales ; canthus rostralis feeble, canthal scales three or four; loreal rows five or six; six to eight labials to below the centre of the eye; ear-opening moderately large, vertically oval. Gular appendage moderately large, indicated in the female; gular scales smooth. Body not or but very slightly compressed ; no dorso- nuchal fold. Dorsal and lateral scales very small, granular, slightly enlarged, and distinctly keeled on the vertebral region ; qentral scales small, larger than dorsals, round, juxtaposed, smooth. Limbs slender ; the adpressed hind limb reaches the eye, or between the latter and the tympanum; digital expansions not much developed ; fourteen to sixteen lamelle under phalanges 11. and ur. of the fourth toe. Tail slender, roundish, covered with strongly keeled scales, the median dorsal series a little enlarged ; length of the tail once ‘and two thirds to twice that of head and body. No enlarged postanal scales. Grey-brown or olive above, with metallic green or coppery gloss, with ill-defined darker spots; frequently a light, dark-edged cross band between the eyes ; females sometimes with a broad pale coppery vertebral band broadly edged with blackish ; lower surfaces whitish, uniform, or more or less closely dotted with brown. 3. ANOLIS. 49 Total length .......... 124 millim. Had! is nde eickdeas 13UC(«¥«y Width of head ........ a Body .............04- 33 Cy, Fore limb .. .......... 20. —,, Hind limb............ 37—Cs, DDS Seay Gira erg waar aaw ky ll, PAUL = Cs hilt Sea asia ss Tiara 78s, Brazil, Chili, Peru, Ecuador, Venezuela. aod. Para. b-e. SQ. Yurimaguas, Huallaga River. Dr. Hahnel ee ft. &. Pallatanga, Ecuador. Mr. Buckley b an g- Q. Guayaquil. Myr. Fraser [C.]. 31. Anolis rodriguezii. Anolis rodriguezii, Bocourt, Miss. Sc. Mex., Rept. p. 62, pl. xiii. fig. 1. It is doubtful whether this form deserves to rank as a species. The only important difference I can find, on comparison with the preceding, is the shorter tail, its length being not more than once and one third that of head and body. The coloration is quite similar to that of the banded variety (spec. g) of A. fusco-auratus. The specimen described by Bocourt measures 80 millim., in which the tail enters for 42. The specimen which I must refer to this form measures 44 millim. from snout to vent, and the tail 59. Guatemala. a Q. —? 32. Anolis aureolus. Anolis aureolus, Cope, Proc. Aim. Phil. Soc. xxii. 1885, p, 390. Apparently very closely related to the two preceding species, from which it is distinguished by longer hind limbs, reaching the end of the snout when extended. Yucatan, Guatemala. 33. Anolis limifrons. Anolis (Dracontura) limifrons, Cope, Proc, Ac, Philad. 1862, p. 178. limifrons, Bocourt, Miss. Sc. Mex., Rept. p. 65, pl. xiv. fig. 20. ? Anolis rivieri,- Thominot, Bull, Soc. Philom. (7) vi. 1882, p. 261. Near A. fusco-auratus. Head as long as the tibia; upper head- scales very small, keeled; supraorbital semicircles separated from each other by three, and from the occipital by four or five series of scales ; twelve enlarged, keeled supraocular scales ; occipital nearly as large as the ear-opening, which is large and vertical ; loreal rows seven. Dorsal and lateral scales granular, rugulose, all equal. The adpressed hind limb reaches the anterior border of the orbit. Tail cylindrical, without a larger median series of scales. Above bronze brown, beneath rusty white, separation between the two abrupt anteriorly ; lips and femora beneath varied with brown. Size of A. fusco-auratus. Veragua. VOL. I. 50 IGUANID A. 34. Anolis bransfordii. Anolis bransfordii, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1874, p. 67. Near A. fusco-awratus. Upper head-scales smooth ; supraorbital semicircles separated from each other by one, and from the occipital by two series of scales; twelve supraocular scales keeled. Gular appendage little developed. Dorsal and lateral scales subequal and smooth. The adpressed hind limb reaches the end of the snout. Tail long and slender, covered with keeled scales. Above golden- lead colour, beneath silvery, the line of separation defined from the orbit to the groin; no cross bands on head or body; front brown- speckled; feet blackish. Total length 119 millim., length to groin 35. Nicaragua. 35. Anolis trochilus. Anolis trochilus, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1871, p. 215, and Journ, Ae. Philad. (2) viii. 1876, p. 121. Near A. fusco-awratus, with which it appears to agree except in the following points :—Supraocular scales smooth, six enlarged. The adpressed hind limb reaches the end of the snout. Caudal scales smooth. Gular appendage little developed. Above and below brilliant metallic green, with a few black dots along the vertebral line; head and anterior part of sides brown; a black V extending from the auricular openings, which are connected by a broad black band with the orbits; another V extends towards the occiput from the limbs to the nuchal V, enclosing a narrow brown area with it i: top of snout and limbs blackish. Total length 108 millim., length to groin 37. Costa Rica and Nicaragua. 36. Anolis bocourtii. Anolis bocourtii, Cope, Journ. Ac. Philad. (2) viii. 1876, p. 167, Allied to A. trochilus, bransfordii, and ortonii. Upper head-scales smooth ; supraorbital semicircles separated by two or three rows of scales ; six enlarged, smooth supraocular scales. Gular appen- dage large. Dorsal scales thickened but not keeled, the laterals a little smaller still. The adpressed hind limb reaches the front of the orbit. Tail slightly compressed, without median keel, twice as long as head and body. Coppery brown above ; below light coppery. frequently dusted and speckled with brown, especially in females. ; Total length .......... 135 millim, Length to ear-opening .. 11 33 Width of head ........ GA us Length to vent ........ 45 ,, Hind limb ............ 33 Nauta, Upper Amazons. 3. ANOLIS. 51 37. Anolis ortonii. Anolis ortonii, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1868, p. 97. cynocephalus, Bocowt, Nouv. Arch. Mus, vi. 1870, Bull. p. 13, and Miss. Sc. Mex., Rept. pl. xiv. fig. 7. bouvieri, Bocourt, Miss, Sc, Mev., Rept. p. 58, pl. xiv. fig. 8; O'Shaughn, Ann. & Mag. N. H. (4) xv. 1875, p. 274, and Proe. Zool. Soc, 1881, p. 248. Head moderate, once and three fourths as long as broad, longer than the tibia ; forehead concave, no frontal ridges ; upper head-scales small, smooth; scales of the supraorbital semicircles enlarged, in contact medially, or separated by one series of scales; six to ten enlarged, smooth supraocular scales, separated from the supra- orbitals by one series of granules; occipital much larger than the ear-opening, separated from the supraorbitals by one or two series of scales; canthus rostralis feebly marked, canthal scales four or five; loreal rows four or five; six to eight labials to below the centre of the eye; ear-opening small, oval. Gular appendage large, with rows of widely distant scales, indicated in the female ; gular scales smooth. Body not or but slightly compressed; no dorso-nuchal fold. Dorsal and lateral scales very small, granular, scarcely larger on the vertebral region ; ventral scales larger, small, round, juxtaposed, smooth. The adpressed hind limb reaches the ear or slightly beyond; digital expansions moderate; eighteen lamelle under phalanges 1. and mr. of the fourth toe. Tail slightly compressed, covered with strongly keeled scales, in the male with a very slightly serrated upper edge; its length not twice that of head and body. No enlarged postanal scales.. Brown or grey above, with coppery or greenish metallic gloss, with rather ill-defined darker spots or variegations, sometimes forming chevron-shaped marks on the back, the most distinct of which is on the sacrum; lips spotted; throat sometimes black ; belly whitish, with metallic gloss. Total length .......... 137 millim, Head. sis 2cs ay ween se ve 14, Width of head ........ Bg Body: ge ia teen odie 228s 36 C«y, Fore limb ............ 23s; Hind limb ............ 35 oy, THe i ahh gee ea gee ll. 45 NAL, ve aes Seer cesarean encase ST sy Central and South America. aod. Surinam ? b. 3. Pebas. H. W. Bates, Esq. [C.]. ad. Canelos, Ecuador. Mr. Buckley tet dd. Pallatanga, Ecuador. Mr. Buckley [C.]. e 9. Guayaquil. Mz. Fraser ea : fi. Pozuzo, N. Peru. W. J. Veitch, Hsq. [P.]. E2 52 IGUANID. 38. Anolis schiedii. Dactyloa schiedii, Wiegm. Herp. Mex. p. 48. Anolis gibbiceps, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1864, p. 174. —— schiedii, Bocourt, Miss. Sc. Mex., Rept. p. 64, pl. xiv. fig. 19. Head once and two thirds to once and three fourths as long as broad, slightly longer than the tibia ; forehead concave, frontal ridges obsolete; upper head-scales keeled; supraorbital semicircles separated from each other by two or three, and from the occipital by three to five series of scales ; ten to fourteen enlarged, keeled supraocular scales ; occipital small, smaller than the ear-opeping; canthus rostralis short, canthal scales two ; loreal rows seven to nine; seven labials to below the centre of the eye; ear-opening rather large, vertically oval. Gular appendage large, present also, but less developed, in the female ; gular scales obtusely keeled. Body short, not compressed ; no dorso-nuchal fold. Dorsal scales very small, rhomboidal, keeled, hardly larger than the laterals, which are granular and rugulose ;_ventrals small, larger than dorsals, rounded, imbricate, smooth. The adpressed hind limb reaches nearly the end of the snout ; digital dilatations not much developed ; sixteen to eighteen lamelle under phalanges 1. and m1. of the fourth toe. Tail subcylindrical, nearly twice as long as head and body, covered with equal keeled scales. No enlarged postanal scales. Coppery above, uniform ; sometimes with darker spots, or a light vertebral line in the female; lower surfaces whitish with metallic gloss. From snout to vent .... 49 millim. RCA: aay aie ce eine wee WD 43 Width of head ........ De 55 Fore amb 3. cece ine ces 24, Hind limb ............ 46, DIG: cite aay PA wa ae 135 ,, Central America; Venezuela. a. Q. Caraccas. (Type of A. gibbiceps.) 39. Anolis polylepis. Anolis polylepis, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac, 1873, p. 738. Near A. schiedii and A. limifrons. Supraorbital semicircles separated by three or four series of scales ; loreal rows nine. Median dorsal scales keeled, smaller than the ventrals, and a little larger than the granular laterals; ventrals smooth. Tail compressed especially in the male, with a vertebral series of enlarged scales. Otherwise as in A. schiedt. A brown band between the e 8 ; females with a light festooned vertebral band, widening ine scapular region and extending to the eyes; males with a light nuchal marking and small dorsa] spots or transverse markings Chiriqui. 3. ANOLIS. 53 40. Anolis tropidolepis. Head once and two thirds to once and three fourths as long as broad, slightly longer than the tibia; forehead concave, no frontal ridges ; upper head-scales very small, strongly uni- or tricarinate ; scales of the supraorbital semicircles scarcely enlarged, separated by three to five series of scales; six to twelve enlarged, strongly keeled supraocular scales; occipital small, smaller than the ear- opening, separated from the supraorbitals by three to five series of scales; canthus rostralis angular, canthal scales four; loreal rows seven to nine; seven or eight labials to below the centre of the eye ; ear-opening rather large, vertically oval. Gular appendage very small, absent in the female; gular scales keeled. Body feebly com- pressed in the male; no dorso-nuchal fold. Dorsal and lateral scales very small, granular, keeled, those on the vertebral region slightly larger, strongly keeled; ventrals small, larger than dorsals, rounded, imbricate, keeled. The adpressed hind limb reaches nearly the end of the snout; digital dilatations feebly developed; thirteen or fourteen lamellae under phalanges 1. and 11. of the fourth toe. Tail cylindrical, slightly compressed in the male, covered with sub- equal keeled scales. No enlarged postanal scales. Brownish or greenish above, with metallic gloss, with or without small darker spots ; an angular dark cross band between the eyes, and frequently a V-shaped dark band from the orbits to the nape; males with a very broad dark band from the eye to the side of the body ; female frequently with a light, dark-edged vertebral band ; lower surfaces yellowish or greenish, with metallic gloss. Total length .......... 164 millim. ead i5 ce Asrateeda lack aos we 15-36 Width of head ........ Ou a3 Body i-0- teeta aa ee 39 ogy Fore lim) «ucigee cass 23 yy Hind limb............ 42, Tibia: .sttaaerese teas 13, Tail! cstcheaeer ar wnes TIO? 35 Costa Rica. a, Many specs. dQ. = Ivazu. F. D. Godman, Esq. [P.]. 41. Anolis pulchripes. Anolis pulchripes, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1873, p. 739. Head a little longer than the tibia; supraorbital semicircles separated by one series of scales; twelve to fourteen enlarged supra- oculars, arranged in three or four longitudinal rows, the two anterior scales of the inner row most enlarged ; occipital smaller than the ear-opening, separated from the supraorbitals by two or three series of scales; loreal rows five; nine upper labials; ear- 54 IGUANTDE. opening vertically oval. Median dorsal scales very small, keeled, hardly larger than the granular laterals; ventrals small, with a fecble keel extending only on the basal half of the scale. Digital expansions well-developed. Tail rounded, with a vertebral series of enlarged scales. Grey-brown above, whitish inferiorly, the throat yellow; loreal region and lips dark-spotted ; a narrow dark cross band between the eyes; a black nuchal spot behind the occipital ; in front of the shoulder a light, dark-edged line ascending back- wards; limbs with broad dark and narrow white cross bands and lines. Total length ....... ... 80 millim. Length to vent ........ Ol .. %s Fore limb ............ 16°5 ,, Hind limb ............ 30g, Chiriqui. 42, Anolis baccatus. Anolis baccatus, Bocourt, Miss. Sc, Mex., Rept. p. 59, pl. xiv. fig. 14. Head longer than the tibia; forehead concave; upper head- scales tricarinate ; scales of the supraorbital semicircles enlarged, separated by one series of scales; about ten enlarged, feebly keeled supraocular scales; occipital larger than the ear-opening, separated from the supraorbitals by two series of scales; canthus rostralis angular ; loreal rows four ; ten or eleven upper labials ; ear-opening small. Body not compressed. Dorsal scales granular, pearl-like, feebly keeled, scarcely larger than the laterals; ventrals smooth, larger than dorsals, granular. Limbs very short. Tail rounded. Head above reddish-brown ; body and limbs greenish-grey, black- marbled; a yellowish zigzag vertebral band; upper lip and lower surfaces yellowish-white ; throat finely marbled with light reddish. Total length .......... 109 millim Head, to ear .......... cb2 es Width of head ........ TD: 55 Length to vent ........ 40, MIDIS vay chose becs wane tare 2 85 ,, Mexico. 43. Anolis guentheri. Anolis guntherii, Bocourt, Miss. Sc. Mex., Rept. p. 61, pl. xiv. fig 15. Head longer than the tibia ; forehead concave; upper head-scales unicarinate; scales of the supraorbital semicircles enlarged, separated by two series of scales; about fifteen keeled supraoculars ; occipital larger than the ear-opening, separated from the supraorbitals by four series of scales; canthus rostralis angular ; loreal rows four ; eight or nine upper labials. Body not compressed. Dorsal scales extremely small, almost as small as the granules on the flanks, juxtaposed, very slightly keeled ; ventrals larger, smooth. Limb 3. ANOLIs. 55 short. Tail short, round, with a median dorsal series of enlarged flat scales. Yellowish above, minutely dotted with whitish; a large light brown, white-edged spot on each shoulder, behind the arm; lower surfaces yellowish-white, throat marbled with grey. Total length .......... 95 millim. Head, to ear .......... 135 ,, Width of head ........ 85 ,, Length to vent ........ 50 =, TAD cs Recent et ekg 11 Mexico. 44, Anolis impetigosus. (Pxare II. fig. 3.) Anolis impetigosus, Cope, Proc. Ae. Philad, 1864, p. 174. Head nearly twice as long as broad, much longer than the tibia ; a deep rhomboidal frontal concavity; no frontal ridges; upper head-scales smooth ; scales of the supraorbital semicircles large, in contact medially; three large, smooth supraocular scales, separated from the supraorbitals by a series of granules, occipital larger than the ear-opening, separated from the supraorbitals by two series of scales ; canthus rostralis indistinct; loreal rows two; seven upper labials to below the centre of the eye ; ear-opening small, roundish- subtriangular. Female with a large, folded, inflatable gular pouch ; gular scales smooth ; aseries of very large chin-shields on each side. Body not compressed. Scales all flat and granular, small and equal on the back and sides, larger on the belly. Limbs very short; the adpressed hind limb reaches hardly the shoulder ; digital expansions well developed; eighteen lamelle under phalanges 1. and mz. of the fourth toe. Tail cylindrical, a little longer than head and body, without a dorsal series of enlarged scales. Pale brown above, with small, indistinct darker spots; lower surfaces white, gular pouch with large black spots. Total length .......... 107 millim. Head 3 casas eats erences 14. —C«, Width of head ........ 75 4, Body’ a. eviavaas lenin a4 35s, Fore limb ............ 16 —CO#, Hind limb............ 25 ss UDG 1a. 2.4 5sts batho ah seats’ Ane Be ks Poa cos iendaxaatek cava 58 Cs, Hab. ——? a, 9. ss Width of head ........ MW os BOdY: 3.3 Sa dinareean-ceceanes 43 ,, Fore limb .........+.. 20 4, Hind limb............ 2) ee Daal’ gicecckeit ages een 65, Patagonia. a-d. SQ. Patagonia. C. Darwin, Esq. [P.}. 13. Liolemus kingii. Leioleemus kingii, part., Gray, Cat. p. 215. Proctotretus fitzingeri, part., Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 286; Guichen. mm Gay, Hist. Chile, Rept. p. 38. 150 IGUANIDE. Proctotretus kingii, part., Bell, Zool. Beagle, Rept. p. 13, pl. vi. fig. 1. Rhytidodeira kingii, Girard, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1857, p. 198, and U.S. Lxplor, Exped., Herp, p. 350. Nostril lateral. Upper head-scales moderate, smooth or rugulose ; one or two small azygos frontals, separated from the interparietal by a pair of fronto-parietals ; interparietal as large as or a little smaller than parietals; a series of four or five enlarged supraoculars; a single series of scales between the labials and the infraorbitals ; temporal scales smooth; one or two very small lobules in front of the ear. Sides of neck with a longitudinal fold bifurcating towards the ear; a small curved antehumeral fold; scales small, granular. Dorsal scales small, rhomboidal, pointed, keeled; lateral scales as large or a little smaller; ventral scales nearly as large as dorsals, smooth, rounded ; sixty-six to seventy-six scales round the middle of the body. The adpressed hind limb reaches the shoulder in the male, the axil in the female; hinder side of thighs uniformly granular. Male with six to eight anal pores. Tail about as long as head and body ; caudal scales as large as dorsals. Brown above, with dark and light transverse spots sometimes forming cross bands on the back; these may be interrupted by a light vertebral line. Lower surfaces whitish, mottled or marbled with blackish, sometimes entirely bluish-black. Total length .......... 155 millim. Head 4635 oat eee aes 20. 4 6455 Width of head ........ IZ 4, BOOS? seish ots ce tis oe bard 60 ,, Fore limb: 05.4 ae 28 (Cy, Hind limb............ 43, Da aiiseitienea sien java’ 18%, Chili; Patagonia. a,b. 2 & yg. Port Desire. C. Darwin, Esq. [P.]. od, 4 i Port Desire. T. Bell, Esq. 4 (Types.) eo. P Haslar Collection. 14. Liolemus fitzingeri. Leioleemus fitzingerii, Gray, Cat. p. 215. Proctotretus fitzingeri, part., Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 286; Guichen. m Gay, Hist. Chile, Rept. p. 88. fitzingeri, Bell, Zool. Beagle, Rept. p. 11, pl. v. fig. 1. Ptychodeira fitzingeri, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 73. Eulemus fitzingeri, Gérard, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1857, p. 198, and U.S. Explor, Exped., Herp. p. 365. —— affinis, Girard, ll. cc. pp. 198, 365. Very closely allied to the preceding species, from which it differs in a few points only:—Dorsal scales less strongly keeled and very obtusely pointed (76 scales round the middle of the body). A patch of enlarged rhomboidal scales on the hinder side of the thigh. Dark 24. LIoLEMvs. 151 olive above, with blackish and whitish spots; lower surface of neck, breast, and middle of belly black. Total length .......... 144 millim Head ......... wegen 1S -5, Width of head ........ LB 645 BOY: 4 die sith inea irae sey 66, Fore limb ............ 29° ., Hind limb ............ 47, Tail (reproduced) ...... 60, Chili; Patagonia. ao. Patagonia. C. Darwin, Esq. [P.]. 15. Liolemus pictus. Leiolemus pictus, Gray, Cat. p. 213. Proctotretus pictus, Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 276; Bell, Zool. Beagle, Rept. p. 5, pl. ii.; Hombr. §& Jacq. in ‘Dumont D' Ure. Voy. Pole Sud, Rept. pl. 1h bis. fiz. 1; Guechen. in Gay, Hist. Chile, Rept. Dp. 30, pl. i. tig. 2 Liolemus (Liodeira) pictus, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 74. Eulemus pictus, Gerard, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1857, p. 198, and U.S. Explor. Exped., Herp. p. 304. Proctotretus prasinus, Cope, Proc, Ac. Philad. 1868, p. 120. Nostrillateral. Upper head-scales rather small, smooth; a small azygos frontal, separated from the interparietal by a pair of fronto- parietals ; interparietal smaller than parietals ; a series of more or less distinctly enlarged supraoculars; asingle series of scales between the labials and the infraorbital ; temporal scales smooth or obtusely keeled; ear-opening without, or with one or two very small pro- jecting scales in front. Sides of neck granular, irregularly plicate ; an antehumeral fold. Dorsal scales small, somewhat variable in size, rhomboidal, pointed, strongly keeled ; lateral scales smaller, keeled ; ventrals as large as dorsals, squarish, imbricate, smooth; fifty-two to seventy scales round the middle of the body. The adpressed hind limb reaches the ear in the male, the shoulder or a little beyond in the female ; hinder side of thighs uniformly granulate. Male with two to four anal pores. Tail about once and two thirds as long as head and body; caudal scales a little larger than dorsals. Greenish or olive above, variously spotted or marbled with black, a latero- dorsal band of the lighter ground colour remaining immaculate: the black spots may be large and angular, and form three or four zigzag bands on the back; the upper parts sometimes dotted all over with pale green ; lower ‘surfaces whitish or greenish, chin and sides of throat reticulated or marbled with black. Total length .......... 184 millim. Head....... ae 16. —CO«« Width of head .... 13 ,, ODS ij aiateadeente cae 51 sa, 152 IGUANIDE. Fore limb ............ 25 millim. Hind limb....... peers AQ 55 Vaal): givevigess eae gees os 117_—=C*#,, Chili a-e. & her. Chiloe. Dr. Cunningham [C.]. ; = ae Valparaiso. C. Darwin, tsa. bi gh. 2 & yg. Chili. C. Darwin, Esq. [P.]. Hl 6 Q. Chili, Var. major. Leiolemus tenuis, part., Gray, Cat. p. 214. Much larger than the typical form. Sixty-six to seventy scales round the middle of the body. Two or three projecting pointed scales in front of the ear in the adult. Black or bluish-black, with a few small irregular lighter spots on the upper surfaces. Total length .......... 244 millim. ead: coc nace dione ine gene 24. —(««, Width of head ii ADE. gy BOdY aicagnecco says 80. C—, Fore Lith) s404. saasaea ns 40 ,, and Mig see sgt got theta 65, Tail (reproduced) ...... 140 __,,. a-b,c. & & her. Chili. Proctotretus niger, Hallow. Proc. Ac. Philad. 1856, p. 233, is probably also a variety of Z. pictus :—Very dark brown, or black above; a very narrow and somewhat indistinct yellow band, com- meucing at the axilla and extending along the flanks; a broader brownish one and less distinct above ; underparts bluish mingled with copper colour, with metallic reflections ; chin and throat con- spicuously black-spotted, the larger spots in front; minute black dots distributed over abdomen and under surface of extremities. Total length 82 millim. Quinquina Island. 16. Liolemus tenuis. Leioleemus tenuis, Gray, Cat. p. 218. —— maculatus, Gray, 1. ¢. Proctotretus tenuis, Dun. § Bibr. iv. p. 279; Bell, Zool. Beagle, Rept. p. 7, pl. iii. fig. 2; Hombr. §& Jacg. in Dum. & Urv. Voy. Pole Sud, Rept. pl. ii. bis. fig. 2; Guichen. in Gay, Hist. Chile, Rept. p. 82, pli.fig. 1; Grrard,in Gillis, U.S. Nav. Astron. Exped. ii. p. 217, pl. xl. figs. 1-4. Liolemus (Liodeira) tenuis, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 74. Eulemus tenuis, Girard, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1857, p. 198, and U.S. Explor, Bxped., Herp. p. 358, pl. xxviii. figs. 9-16. Liolemus (Ptychodeira) tenuis, Steindachn. Novara, Rept. p. 37. Nostril sublateral. Upper head-scales rather small, smooth; a 24, LIOLENCS. 153 small azygos frontal, separated from the interparietal by a pair of frontoparietals ; interparietal usually smaller than parietals; a series of three or four broad supraoculars; a single series of scales between the labials and the infraorbital ; temporal scales feebly keeled ; ante- rior border of ear not distinctly denticulated. Sides of neck granular, irregularly plicate ; an antehumeral fold. Dorsal scales small, feebly imbricate, hexagonal, as broad as or a little broader than long, and shortly and feebly keeled; lateral scales smaller ; ventrals as large as dorsals, squarish, smooth ; sixty-six to seventy-two scales round the middle of the body. The adpressed hind limb reaches the ear in the male, the shoulder in the female; hinder side of thighs uniformly granular. Male with two or three anal pores. Tail once and two thirds to twice as long as head and body ; caudal scales larger than dorsals. Olive or coppery brown above, with blackish spots sometimes forming angular cross bands on the back and tail, more or Jess pro- fusely dotted with bluish-green or pale olive; lower surfaces pale golden, throat frequently bluish-green. Total length .......... 179 millim. GAG 25 oe cates eae teed 155 Width of head ........ Es ae BODY. dos neccony- dae ase hammock 44, Fore limb ..... ...... 24 (C, Hind limb... ......... 38. 5, Dail. oataveeunges oe tena 120s, Chili. a-b. S. Lota, Chili. Dr. Cunningham [C.]. e-d. 9 & her. Valparaiso. C. Darwin, Esq. te j e od. Chili. C. Darwin, Esq. [P.]. f. Several spec.: ¢, 2, and hgr. Chili. Dr. J. E. Gray [P.}. g tk. SQ. Chili. l. Yg. Peru (?). Dr. J. E. Gray [P.]. (Type of L. maculatus ) 17. Liolemus multiformis. Proctotretus multiformis, Cope, Journ. Ac. Philad. (2) viii. 1876, p. 173. Nostril latero-superior. Upper head-scales small; two small azygos frontals; interparietal and parietals small, subequal; four or five transverse supraoculars ; a single series of scales between the labials and the infraocular; anterior border of ear with two small projecting scales. Sides’of neck granular, strongly folded. Dorsal scales very small, roundish-hexagonal, imbricate, weakly keeled, with smooth ones intermixed; latero-dorsals as small, smooth; ventrals much larger, rhomboidal, obtusely pointed ; sixty to seventy scales round the middle of the body. The adpressed hind limb reaches the axil or the shoulder; hinder side of thighs uniformly granular. Male with five or six anal pores. Tail about once and a half as long as head and body ; caudal scales larger than dorsals. Adult 154 IGUANID.E. dark olive above, the scales edged with lighter; lower surfaces olive or blackish. Young olive-brown, with transverse blackish markings ; lower surfaces whitish, throat marbled with grey. According to Cope, this species occurs in three varieties :— 1. Bright green, paler posteriorly, with two rows of large transverse black bars with irregular edges; head brownish above, pale-speckled ; lower surfaces olive. 2. Olive-brown above, with faint darker cross bands, pale-bordered behind; sides and below blue to whitish. 3. Light brown with a row of black spots on each side, divided by a longitudinal pale band; below yellowish, marbled with bluish. Total length .......... 175 millim. Head wacee sane wees 22) 55 Width of head ........ 20 4; Body wseeacescedee whos 73 Fore limb 33 vs aa04 oe 30a, Hind Jimb v3.33 e264 4 ws 51, Tail (reproduced) ...... 80 4; Andes of Peru. a-e. 3 & yg., not good state. Guascona. J. B. Pentland, Esq. [P.}. 18. Liolaemus signifer. Leiolemus signifer, Gray, Cat. p. 214. Proctotretus signifer, Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 288, pl. xxxix. fig. 2: Bell, Zool. Beagle, Rept. p. 8, pl. iv. fig. 1; Guichen. in Gay, Hist. Chile, Rept. p. 40. Ptychodeira signifera, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 73. Euleemus signiter, Girard, Proc, Ac. Philad. 1857, p. 198, and U.S. Explor. Exped., Herp. p. 366. Nostril latero-superior. Upper head-scales small, smooth; no frontal ; interparietal smaller than parietals; six transverse supra- oculars; a single (or double) series of scales between the labials and the infraocular ; temporal scales smooth ; anterior border of ear with two slightly projecting small scales. Sides of neck granular, strongly folded. Dorsal scales very small, hexagonal, scarcely imbricate, feebly and tubercularly keeled ; lateral scales smaller still; ventrals much larger than dorsals, rounded, smooth ; seventy-eight scales round the middle of the body. The adpressed hind limb reaches between the shoulder and the ear; hinder side of thighs uniformly granular. Male with four anal pores. Tail a little longer than head and body ; caudal scales much larger than dorsals. Grey above, with small black undulate transverse markings arranged in four longitudinal series ; lower surfaces whitish, speckled with grey. Total length .......... 107 millim. Head wiesm tem cba cole Ws Width of head ..... 10g, Bay saa aeatuses es 33, 24, LIOLEMUS. 155 Fore limb ............ 19 millim. Hind inh gan aes dauee 29°~=(«« Dail a3 eens aaah G2 55 Chili. ao. Chili. 19. Liolemus darwinii. Leioleemus darwinii, Gray, Cat. p. 216. Proctotretus darwinii, Bell, Zool. Beagle, Rept. p. 14, pl. vii. Euleemus darwini, Girard, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1857, p. 1938, and U.S. Explor. Exped., Herp. p. 361, pl. xvii. figs. 8-14. ? Proctotretus melanopleurus, Philipp?, Reise Atacama, p. 166. Nostril latero-superior. Upper head-scales small, convex, smooth ; interparietal smaller than parietals; a series of five to seven trans- verse supraoculars ; a single series of scales between the labials and the infraorbital; temporal scales smooth; anterior border of ear not distinctly denticulated. Sides of neck granular, strongly folded ; a curved antehumeral fold. Dorsal scales moderate, rhomboidal, ob- tusely pointed, strongly keeled, the keels forming continuous longitu- dinal lines; lateral scales smaller than dorsals; ventrals nearly as large as dorsals, obtusely pointed, smooth ; fifty-two to sixty scales round the middle of the body. The adpressed hind limb reaches the axil in the female, between the shoulder and the ear in the male; hinder side of thighs with a patch of rhomboidal keeled scales. Male with seven anal pores. Tail nearly once and a half as long as head and body; caudal scales as large as dorsals. Pale greyish brown above, with a series of transverse blackish spots on each side of the vertebral line, each of which is followed by a more or less distinct whitish spot or border; a more or less distinct light streak on each side of the back, and, in the female, another, edged with black, extending from axil to groin; a black spot above the shoulder and another in front of the arm; a white, black-edged streak on the hinder side of the thighs. Lower surfaces white, uniform or spotted with blackish. Total length .......... 125 millim. Heady. co scin eters tr epstves 12. —=«« Width of head ........ 10: ;, BOY 15 Swi snptchoudineshesate site 38 C,, Fore limb ............ TO os Hind limb ............ 31g, Dal asda: Ko ES Rs TD os; Northern Patagonia; Mendoza. a-b. SQ. Bahia Blanca. C. Darwin, Esq. [P.]. (Types.) ce-d. 3 2. High Pampas of 8. Luis, E. W. White, Esq. [C]. Mendoza. e. Her. Mendoza. 156 IGUANIDE. 20. Liolemus wiegmanni. Leioleemus wiegmannii, Gray, Cat. p. 216. Proctotretus wiegmannii, Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 284; Bell, Zool, Beagle, Rept. p. 15, pl. viii. figs. 1,2; Guichen. in Gay, Hist. Chile, Rept. p. 86; Dum. Voy. Venus, Zool. p. 295, pl. iii. fig. 2. Ptychodeira wiegmanni, Litziny. Syst. Rept. p. 73. Rhytidodeira wiegmanni, Girard, Proc. Ae. Philad. 1857, p. 198, and U.S. Explor. Exped., Herp. p. 352. Ortholemus fitzroil, Girard, 1. c., and U.S. Explor, Exp. p. 373. Nostril sublateral. Upper head-scales very small, striated or feebly keeled in the adult; no frontal; interparietal and parietals subequal ; a series of four to six enlarged supraoculars ; two series of scales between the labials and the infraorbital; temporal scales keeled; anterior border of ear not denticulated. Sides of neck gra- nular, strongly plicate. Dorsal scales moderate, rhomboidal, strongly keeled, the keels forming continuous lines; lateral scales much smaller, imbricate, keeled ; ventrals smaller than dorsals, roundish, smooth ; forty-six to fifty-four scales round the middle of the body. The adpressed hind limb reaches the axil in the female, a little beyond the shoulder in the male; hinder side of thighs with a patch of enlarged rhomboidal keeled scales. Anal pores present in both sexes, five to cight in the male, three to eight in the female. Tail a little longer than head and body; caudal scales not larger than dorsals. Pale grey or greyish olive above, with two or four series of transverse, white-edged dark spots, separated by longitudinal light lines ; lower surfaces white. Total length .......... 185 millim. Head cid ei hes 6 ee ae 15. ,, Width of head ........ TS. is Body aces acta tees 44, Fore limb ............ 22 3; Hind limb............ 34, ad. og wishes aiease a telan a tos 18 25, Chili and North Patagonia to Uruguay. a-d. 3, her., & yg. Maldonado. C. Darwin, Esq. [P.]. CnGs Chili. f-t. SQ. Bahia Blanca. C. Darwin, Esq. [P.]. k-l. & & her. Uruguay. m. Hgr. Peru es J. E. Gray, Esq. [P.]. n-0. Bo. — 21. Liolaemus occipitalis. (Pare X. fig. 3.) Liolemus occipitalis, Bouleng. Ann. §& Mag. N. H. (5) xv. 1885, p. 192. Nostril superior. Upper head-scales very small, convex, smooth ; no frontal; interparietal larger than the surrounding scales, as large as or larger than the tympanum; a series of three or four enlarged supraoculars ; two series of scales between the labials and the infra- 24, LIOL-EMUS. 157 orbital; temporal scales smooth; anterior border of ear not den- ticulated. Sides of neck strongly plicate, covered with minute gra- nular scales. Dorsal scales small, subhexagonal, feebly imbricate, keeled ; lateral scales smaller, roundish, juxtaposed, smooth ; ventrals larger than dorsals, rhomboidal, smooth; sixty-six to seventy-two scales round the middle of the body. The adpressed hind limb reaches the tympanum, or not quite so far; hinder side of thighs uniformly granular, or with a patch of enlarged granules. Fight anal pores in the male. ‘Tail a little depressed, slightly longer than head and body; caudal scales larger than dorsals. Pale greyish above; a series of darker spots on each side of the vertebral line; two darker bands on each side from axilla to groin, separated by a white streak ; lower surfaces uniform white, or with small greyish spots on the throat. Total length .......... 112 millim. Head. nausea ddteie ae 13, Width of head ........ 9D BOGS se ng sushis sian ek erwaek 39, Fore limb ............ 20 255 Hind limb............ Ble) las PAU se Scgeees cssee emake s 60 Southern Brazil. a. Her. Rio Grande do Sul. Dr. H. v. Thering C.}. (Type.) b-f. 3, 9,&hgr. Rio GrandedoSul. Dr. H. v. Ihering [C.]. 22. Liolemus multimaculatus. Proctotretus multimaculatus, Gray, Cat. p. 217. Proctotretus multimaculatus, Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 290; Bell, Zool. Beagle, Rept. p. 17, pl. ix. fig. 1; Guichen. in Gay, Hist. Chile, Rept. p. 42. Liolaemus (Liodeira) multimaculatus, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 74. Ortholeemus beaglii, Girard, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1857, p. 198, and U.S. Explor. Exped., Herp. p. 369, pl. xvii. figs. 15-21. —— multimaculatus, Girard, ll. ce. Nostril superior. Upper head-scales very small, convex, smooth ; no frontal ; interparietal much smaller than the tympanum ; a series of six or seven transversely enlarged supraoculars; two or three series of scales between the labials and the infraorbital ; temporal scales smooth ; anterior border of ear not denticulated. Sides of neck granular, strongly plicate. Dorsal scales very small, sub- hexagonal, scarcely imbricate, feebly keeled; lateral scales a little smaller, separated from one another by minute granules; ventrals much larger than dorsals, squarish, smooth ; seventy-two or seventy- four scales round the middle of the body, of which twenty-six or twenty-eight are ventrals. The adpressed hind limb reache:; a little beyond the shoulder ; hinder side of thighs with a patch of enlarged rhomboidal scales; the digits, which are very slender, and provided 158 IGUANIDE. with very long falciform claws, are very feebly keeled inferiorly, and the fourth toe is fringed laterally. Eight to ten anal pores. Tail depressed, as long as or slightly longer than head and body ; caudal scales much larger than dorsals. Grey above, with numerous small black spots, some of which are bordered with white ; lower surfaces white, uniform or spotted with blackish. Total length .......... 136 millim. PLCS 6 apache Sees ae 16, Width of head ........ 13 —Ci«,, Body sec oa kegel waa 2 52g, Fore limb ............ DO x8 Hind Viti ji. eae as 39°C, MBAS conga arate teats 68, Chili; Northern Patagonia. a-b. 3 & yg. Bahia Blanca. C. Darwii, Esq. [P.]. These specimens differ from Bibron’s description in having two or three instead of four series of scales between the labials and the infraorbital ; also in having a patch of large scales on the hind side of the thighs. Should they be regarded as a distinct species, they must bear the name L. beaglit, Girard. 25. SACCODEIRA. Proctotretus, part., Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 266; Fitzing. Syst. Rept. 74. Pca cc (non Fitz.) Gray, Cat. Liz. p. 216. Saccodeira, Girard, Proc, Ac, Philad. 1857, p. 197, and U.S, Explor. Exped., Herp. p. 322. Proctotretus, Gerard, l. c. p. 329. Tropidocephalus, #. Miiller, Verh. Nat. Ges. Basel, vii, 1882, p. 160. Tympanum distinct. Body slightly depressed. Dorsal scales imbricate, keeled, the vertebral series simulating a low crest. Upper head-scales small, keeled. No transverse gular fold. Digits sub- cylindrical or compressed, with keeled lamelle inferiorly. No femoral or anal pores. Tail subcylindrical; caudal scales not verti- cillate. Lateral teeth tricuspid; pterygoid teeth. A small sternal fontanelle. No abdominal ribs. South America. Synopsis of the Species. Upper head-scales multicarinate; ventral SCaleS STHOODH sist aisi-s, wp ea aan aera saw elees 1. ornatissima, p. 159. Upper head-scales unicarinate; ventral scales smooth ........ 0.0.0... 00005, 2. pectinata, p. 159. Upper head-scales unicarinate; ventral scales keeled: 25 cactice sian emai eee 4 3. azurea, p. 160. 25. SACCODEIRA. 159 1. Saccodeira ornatissima. Saccodeira ornatissima, Girard, i. ce. pp. 198, 323, pl. xxviii. figs. 1-8. Upper head-scales multicarinate; front edge of ear with two projecting scales. Sides of neck pouched, covered with small scales aud granules within the pouches; a vertico-oblique fold in front of the shoulder. Dorsal scales moderate, rhombic, conspicuously keeled, forming longitudinal series, the median exhibiting an incon- spicuous crest or ridge, formed by somewhat more developed keels than those of the adjoining series; lateral scales smaller, with the keels directed obliquely upwards ; ventral scales somewhat smaller than dorsals, subrhomboidal, smooth. The adpressed hind limb reaches the ear. Tail once and a half as long as head and body, slender and tapering, thick and depressed at the base, then slightly compressed and conical posteriorly. Greyish brown above, with a double series of dark brown subtriangular spots along the dorsal region; limbs maculated; upper surface of head blackish; sides and under surface of latter whitish, with small jet-black spots ; abdomen uniform dull yellow. Total length 135 millim. Peru. 2. Saccodeira pectinata. Ptygoderus pectinatus, Gray, Cat. p. 216. Proctotretus pectinatus, Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 292; Bell, Zool. Beagle, Rept. p. 18, pl. ix. fig. 2; Guichen. in Gay, Hist. Chile, Rept. p. 44; Girard, U.S. Explor. Exped., Herp. p. 333. Liolemus (Proctotretus) pectinatus, Fi/zing. Syst. Rept. p. 74. Proctotretus splendidus, Girard, Proc. de. Philad. 1857, p. 198, and le. p. 329, pl. xvii. figs. 1-7. Habit rather stout. Snout short. Upper head-scales imbricate, strongly keeled; front edge of ear with two or three projecting scales. Sides of neck not distinctly plicate, covered with large, imbricate, pointed keeled scales; a very small oblique fold or pit in front of the shoulder. Dorsal scales large, rhomboidal, pointed, sharply keeled, the keels ending in short spines, and forming con- tinuous longitudinal lines; those of the vertebral series and of the fifth or sixth series on each side of the latter stronger, and forming three slight pectinate crests. Gular and ventral scales smaller, rhomboidal, imbricate, smooth, emarginate posteriorly. The ad- pressed hind limb reaches the axil in the female, halfway between the shoulder and the ear in the male; digits rather short, fourth finger considerably shorter than third. Tail a little longer than head and body, conical, tapering, scaled like the body. Brownish above; back with three rows of regular light-edged, dark brown spots; some of the dorsal scales emerald-green ; a transverse brown band between the eye; lateral crest yellowish white; flanks with one or two series of large dark-brown spots, and a more or less di- stinct whitish streak from axilla to groin; a white dark-edged streak along the back of the thigh; lower surfaces whitish. 160 IGUANIDSE. Total length .......... 170 millim. CAE esca.% caval boise vag scape 18 Width of head ........ 15, Body ypeces even owners 62 4s Fore limb... cae 294g Hind limb............ 46, EL Aik, se sete. os lelacn dems aries 90a, Chili; Patagonia; Argentine Republic. a-c. a. 3 e-g. 3 & yg. Patagonia, High Pampas of 8. Luis, Mendoza. 18 miles off Cape 8, Antonio, Buenos Ayres. 3. Saccodeira azurea. C. Darwin, Esq. [P.]. E. W. White, Esq. [C.]. E. Gibson, Esq. [P.]. Tropidocephalus azureus, Miiller, Verh, Nat. Ges. Basel, vii. 1882, p. 160, pl. —, and 1885, p. 710. Liolemus azureus, Bouleng. Ann. § Mag. N. H. (5) xv. 1885, p. 192. Very closely allied to the preceding species, with which it agrees entirely in coloration ; differing in the following characters :—Gular and ventral scales keeled, ending in a short spine. The adpressed hind limb reaches the ear. nearly equal. Digits longer ; third and fourth fingers Tail longer, about once and two thirds as long as head and body. Total length .......... 205 millim. Wead neva ssn aes ur 1745 Width of head ........ 14. C4, BOO ois Guirieth aida uopucaecne 58, Fore limb ............ SL 4, Hind limb............ 53, i 0 Enea eee ee ene 130 —,, Uruguay; Southern Brazil. aod. 6. 9. Dept. of Soriano, Uruguay. Rio Grande do Sul. 26. LIOCEPHALUS *. — Havers, Esq. [P.]. Dr. EH. v. Thering [C.]. Tropidurus, part., Fvtzing. N. Classif. Rept. p. 17. Be es a Gray, Phil. Mag. (2) ii. 1827, p. 207; Fitzing. Syst. p. 70. Holotropis, Dum. & Bibr. iv. p. 259. Steironotus, Mitzing. 1. c. Leiocephalus, part., Gray, Cat. Liz. p. 217. * 1. Letocephalus microlepis, Gray, Cat. p. 274.—Specimen missing. 2. Scelotrema formosum, Tschudi, Faun. Per., Herp. p. 27, pl. i. fig. 1L.— Peru. : a 3. Scelotrema crassicaudatum, id. 1. c.—Peru, 26, LIOCEPHALUS. 161 Pristinotus, Gravenh, N. Acta Ac. Leop-Carol, xviii. 1838, ii. p. 738. Scelotrema, Tschudi, Faun. Per., Herp. p. 27*. Ophryoessoides, 4. Dum. Cat. Méth. Rept. p. 66, and Arch. Mus. viii. 5380 p. 530. Brachysaurus, Hallow. Proc, Ac. Philad. 1856, p. 232. Tympanum distinct. Body more or less compressed; a more or less developed dorsal crest ; dorsal scales uniform, imbricate, keeled. Upper head-scales small or enlarged, smooth or keeled; no large occipital. No transverse gular fold; no gular sac. Digits com- pressed, with keeled lamelle inferiorly. No femoral or preanal pores. Tail long, more or less compressed and crested. Lateral teeth tricuspid; pterygoids usually toothed. A sternal fontanelle. Abdominal ribs. West Indies; South America. Synopsis of the Species. I. Parietal plates distinct ; a series of band-like transverse supra- ‘ oculars. A. Parietal plates longitudinally divided ; nasal in contact with the rostral. 1. Ventral scales smooth. w. Outer parietals not twice as large as inner. a. Caudal crest not higher than dorsal. Side of neck granular; adpressed hind limb not reaching the eye .......... 1. schreibersiz, p. 162. Side of neck, for a short distance posterior to the ear-opening, granular ; adpressed hind-limb quite or nearly reaching end OF SNOUT oo as oes ec ach sae dane oeed 2. macropus, p. 163. Side of neck entirely covered with imbri- cate, pointed, keeled scales; adpressed hind limb not reaching beyond the eye 3. vittatus, p. 163. (. Caudal crest higher than dorsal. Keels of the dorsal scales unusually strong 4. melanochlorus,p.164. Upper head-scales striated ; a black band on the side of the head, passing through DAO OYE cack dead tae a4 hewtntds are 5. personatus, p. 164. Upper head-scales smooth, except the su- praoculars; dorsal scales larger than VENtrale> hain io ca tae whee teed aa he 6. eremitus, p. 165. * The small pouch between the tail and the base of the hind limb, noticed by Tschudi, is more or less distinct in specimens of L. aculeatus, trachycephalus, and guentheri; it is most developed in L. ornatus. VOL, II. M 162 IGUANIDE. b. Outer parietals at least twice as large as inner ............ 7. carinatus, p. 165, 2. Ventral scales keeled .......... 8. herminieri, p. 166. B. Parietal plates transversely divided. Upper head-scales smooth or feebly stri- ated; a dorso-lateral crest; ventral scales strongly keeled .............. 9. aculeatus, p. 167. Upper head-scales smooth; ventrals smooth or feebly keeled ...............04. 10. tridescens, p. 167. Upper head-scales unicarinate; ventrals heeled ag casngtage eh Ailes cid ee taare a 11. erythrogaster, p. 168. II, Head-scales small, parietals indistinct. A. No supraciliary crest. 1. Upper head-scales not keeled; a series of transversely enlarged supraoculargs........... 00005 12. formosus, p. 168. 2. Upper head-scales keeled. 43 scales round the middle of the body ; gular scales as large as dorsals ...... 13. ornatus, p. 168. 47 scales round the middle of the body ; [p. 169. gular scales smaller than dorsals .... 14. trachycephalus, 61 to 75 scales round the middle of the BODY. cited aS Asay d sect aot a auncres aoa wie 15. guentheri, p. 169. B. A supraciliary crest. Posterior supraciliary scales compressed ; temporal scales imbricate .......... 16. tricristatus, p. 170, Supraciliary crest ending in a large py- ramid-shaped tubercle; temporal scales tubercular, cc... ese nce deere es 17. dumeriliz, p. 170. 1, Liocephalus schreibersii. Pristinotus schreibersii, Gravenh. N. Acta Ac. Leop.-Carol. xviii. 1838, ii. p. 739, pl. liv. figs. 15, 16. Steironotus schreibersii, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 70. Liocephalus schreibersii, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1868, p. 123. Upper head-scales large, striated; nasal in contact with the rostral; supraorbitals in contact; supraoculars seven or eight, band-like, separated from the supraorbitals by a series of small scales; parietals two pairs on one row, subequal, or outer pair a little larger. Sides of neck strongly plicate, covered with very small granular scales. Dorsal crest low. Dorsal scales small, not mucronate, the keels forming nearly straight longitudinal lines ; 26, LIOCEPHALUS. 163 lateral scales very small; ventrals a little larger than dorsals, smooth, rounded, broader than long; seventy-one to seventy-nine scales round the middle of the body. The adpressed hind limb reaches the ear or not quite so far. Tail strongly compressed, crested like the back. Olive-brown above, with small lighter spots, with or without transverse dark brown spots on the back and tail; hinder side of thighs frequently with a white, dark-edged longitudinal band ; lower surfaces pale olive, the male’s throat darker ; transverse curved series of small whitish dark-edged round spots from side to side across the belly. millim. millim Total length ...... 215 Fore limb ........ 34 Head case es 20 Hind limb........ 68 Width of head .... 17 Pail « cveeaas 2 ene 110 BODY. ie Face Saeieowatian 85 San Domingo. a-c. & & her. S. Domingo. — Parker, Esq. [P.] 2. Liocephalus macropus. Liocephalus macropus, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1862, p. 184, and 1868, p. 122. Much like Z. vittatus, but differs in the greater breadth and smoothness of the head-shields, and in the granular nature of the scales for some distance posterior to the ear-opening. Hind limb quite or nearly reaching end of snout. Above olive, often with a metallic lustre; sometimes brownish; a transverse interscapular and crural pale-bordered spot, which is often indistinct ; a blackish band extends from the orbit to the groin, mostly varied with white near the axilla, obsolete posteriorly ; beneath yellowish or greenish, the gular region sometimes streaked with black. From snout to vent 70 millim. ; tail 110 millim. Eastern Cuba. 3. Liocephalus vittatus. Leiocephalus schreibersii, (non Gravh.) Gray, Cat. p. 218. Holotropis vittatus, Hallow. Proc. Ac. Philad. 1856, p. 161. Liocephalus vittatus, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1862, p. 184, and 1868, . 122. i raviceps, Cope, U. cc. pp. 183, 122. ; Leiocephalus (Holotropis) vittatus, Reinh. & Liith. Vidensk. Meddel, 1862, p. 271. Upper head-scales large, striated; nasal in contact with the rostral ; supraorbitals in contact ; supraoculars six, band-like, sepa- rated from the supraorbitals by a series of small scales; parietals two pairs on one row, subequal, or outer pair a little larger. Sides of neck strongly plicate, covered with pointed, cut keeled M 164 IGUANIDZE. scales. Dorsal crest very low. Dorsal scales shortly mucronate, the keels obliquely turned towards the vertebral line; laterals a little smaller; ventrals nearly as large as dorsals, rounded, broader than long, smooth; forty-three to fifty-five scales round the middle of the body. The adpressed hind limb reaches the eye or between the latter and the ear. ‘Tail feebly compressed, crested like the back. Olive-brown or greenish above, with a more or less distinct lighter latero-dorsal band, and a series of whitish spots, frequently confluent into a band, from the ear to the groin; back with or without angular dark brown spots; lower surfaces greenish or whitish, uniform or black-spotted. millim. millim Total length ...... 155 Body .esaswve cea 45 Head.........05. 15 Fore limb........ 23 Width of head .... 12 Ball” igccsragcnagances 95 Cuba, San Domingo. aod. Cuba. W. S. MacLeay, Esq. [P.]. b. @. 8. Domingo. M. Sallé [C.]. eo. S. Domingo. 4, Liocephalus melanochlorus. Liocephalus melanochlorus, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1862, p. 184, and 1868, p. 122. Apparently very closely related to LZ. vittatus. Scales of the back large, the keels unusually strong. Crest highest on the tail. General colour light green, principally appearing above in two dorsal bands and in the interspaces of a series of about ten trans- verse black bands extending between them ; these become more or less confluent in old males, as do also sometimes the vertical bars on the sides, which are often present; posteriorly beneath spotted with greenish white; gular region coarsely reticulated with black. From snout to vent 90 millim,; tail 180 millim. San Domingo. 5. Liocephalus personatus. Liocephalus personatus, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1862, p. 182, and 1868, p. 122. ? Liocephalus trigeminatus, Cope, il. cc. pp. 188, 122. Upper head-scales large, striated; nasal in contact with the rostral; supraorbitals in contact; supraoculars six or seven, band- like, separated from the supraorbitals by a series of small scales ; parietals two pairs on one row, outer pair slightly larger than inner. Sides of neck with strong angular folds; scales imbricate, pointed, keeled. Dorsal crest strong. Dorsal scales shortly mucronate, the keels obliquely turned towards the vertebral line; laterals a little smaller; ventrals nearly as large as dorsals, rounded, broader than 26. LIocEPRALUs. 165 long, smooth; forty-one to fifty-three scales round the middle of the body. The adpressed hind limb reaches the eye, or between the latter and the ear. Tail strongly compressed, the crest more developed than the dorsal. Olive above; head yellowish brown, with a broad black band from the nostril through the eye to above the ear, sometimes continued to the fore limb ; lips whitish; lower surfaces greenish. millim. millim. Total length ...... 276 Fore limb ........ 42 GAG Se saccere eeu 21 Hind limb........ 80 Width of head .... 16 PaIl gaeacn weegre yon 168 BODY viene ay we 87 Perhaps not specifically distinct from Z. vittatus. San Domingo. a-c. S. S. Domingo. M. Sallé [C.]. de 3. S. Domingo. 6. Liocephalus eremitus. Liocephalus eremitus, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1868, p, 122. Head-scales large, smooth, except the supraoculars ; latter weakly keeled, six, separated from the supraorbitals by one row of scales ; parietals two pairs on one row, outer pair larger thaninner. Folds of side of neck strong ; two oblique, one nearly horizontal. Dorsal crest high on tail, elsewhere moderate. Dorsal scales large, larger than laterals and ventrals ; latter smooth, preanals smaller, keeled. The adpressed hind limb reaches the front of the orbit. Tail moderately compressed. Dark olive-brown above, with a deep brown dorso-lateral longitudinal shade, connected by numerous in- distinct cross bars, which are light-margined behind; a dark brown spot between eye and ear; lower surfaces brown, with numerous scattered whitish scales, which are most thickly gathered on the pectoral region. millim. From snout to vent .......... 63 Head, to ear 5 gas ae see seas os 17 Width of head .............. 15 Navassa Island, near San Domingo. 7. Liocephalus carinatus. Leiocephalus carinatus, Gray, Cat. p. 217. macleayii, Gray, lc. p. 218. Leiocephalus carinatus, Gray, Phil. Mag. (2) ii, 1827, p. 208; Cope, Proc. Ac. Philud. 1862, p. 184, and 1868, p. 122. x Holotropis microlophus, Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 264; Cocteau, in R. de la Sagra, Hist. Cuba, Rept. p. 82, pl. vil. Steironotus (Leiocephalus) carinatus, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 70. Upper head-scales large, smooth, or feebly striated ; nasal in 166 IGUANID. contact with the rostral; supraorbitals in contact; supraoculars five or six, band-like, separated from the supraorbitals hy a series of small scales; parietals two pairs on one row, outer pair at least twice as large as inner. A strong <-shaped fold on the side of the neck, the scales of which are pointed, imbricate, and keeled. Dorsal crest, a feebly serrated ridge. Dorsal scales large, broader than long, not or but very slightly mucronate, feebly serrated posteriorly, the keels forming continuous slightly oblique lines; lateral scales smaller than dorsals; ventrals nearly as large as dorsals, smooth, rounded, broader than long; forty-three scales round the middle of the body. The adpressed hind limb reaches the eye. Tail strongly compressed, the crest more developed than on the body. Olive above, with small lighter spots, with or without blackish marblings on the flanks ; throat marbled with dark olive. millim. millim. From snout to vent. 105 Fore limb ........ 47 Mead ies ee legigaees 25 Hind limb........ 82 Width of head .... 20 Cuba. ao. W. Indies (Type.) bec fo & yg. Cuba. W.S. MacLeay, Esq. [P.]. (Types of L. macleayii.) 8. Liocephalus herminieri. Leiocephalus herminieri, Gray, Cat. p. 217. Holotropis herminieri, Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 261, pl. xliv. Liocephalus herminieri, Cope, Proc. dc. Philad. 1868, p. 122. Upper head-scales large, more or less distinctly striated ; nasal in contact with the rostral; supraorbitals separated by a series of smaller scales ; supraoculars six or seven, band-like ; seven or eight elongate shields across the occipital region. A strong oblique fold in front of the arm. Dorsal crest well developed, its height equal- ling the diameter of the eye-opening. Dorsal scales large, the keels forming continuous oblique series ; lateral and ventral scales smaller, keeled. The adpressed hind limb reaches the angle of the mouth. Tail strongly compressed, crested like the back. Greenish brown above, with or without irregular yellowish cross-bands on the back ; head yellowish, with four or five vertical black bars on each side ; lower surfaces yellowish ; throat with oblique transverse black bands. millim. millim Total length ...... 319 Fore limb ........ 56 Head voor cn ares Ls 37 Hind limb........ 104 Body eeeg aetaes 102 Tail (reproduced) .. 180 Trinidad ; Martinique. a, Adult, skeleton. Martinique. 26. LIOCEPHALUS. 167 9. Liocephalus aculeatus. (Prare XI.) Leiocephalus aculeatus, O'Shaughn. Ann. § Mag. N. H. (5) iv. 1879, p- 808, and Proc. Zool. Soc. 1881, p. 248. Upper head-scales large, smooth or feebly striated; nostril per- fectly lateral; nasal usually separated from the rostral; supra- orbitals in contact; supraoculars three or four large transverse, separated from the supraorbitals by a series of small scales; a smaller anterior and a larger posterior parietal on each side, separated by three shields, viz. a pair of interparietals and an occipital; supra- temporal edge with two projecting scales. Sides of neck not folded, covered with sharply pointed, imbricate, keeled scales. Dorsal crest a low serrated ridge; a weaker lateral crest on each side of the back. Dorsal scales keeled only on their posterior half; lateral scales similar ; ventrals a little larger, strongly keeled, ending in a long sharp point; thirty-three to forty-one scales round the middle of the body. The adpressed hind limb reaches the anterior border of the orbit. Tail very long, compressed, with serrated upper edge. Bronzed green or brown above, with more or less distinct angular darker cross lines on the back and vertical bars on the sides; lower surfaces green or bronzy, belly sometimes pinkish ; the male's throat black. millim. millim Total length ...... 363 Fore limb ........ 49 GAs ie. oisacaceea tea tes 24 Hind limb........ 85 Width of head .... 20 Pai cice-tssGrandieesteae 255 Bod yee eek eises 84 Ecuador; Northern Peru. a-d. 3, 2,& her. Moyobamba. Mr. A. H. Roff (C.]. (Types. e-g. d & her. Pallatanga, Ecuador. Mr. Buckley (2 h, Her. Canelos, Ecuador. Mr. Buckley (C.]. 10. Liocephalus iridescens. Liocephalus iridescens, Giinth. Proe. Zool. Soc. 1859, p. 409, pl. xx. fig. B; Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1868, p. 121. Upper head-scales large, smooth ; nostril superior ; nasal sepa- rated from the rostral; supraorbitals in contact; four or five large transverse supraoculars, usually separated from the supraorbitals by a series of small scales; a smaller anterior and a larger posterior parietal on each side; an interparietal and an occipital, separated by a pair of larger shields. Sides of neck not folded, covered with sharply pointed, imbricate, keeled scales. Dorsal crest low. Dorsal scales not very strongly keeled; lateral scales scarcely smaller ; ventrals a little larger, pointed, smooth, or feebly keeled ; thirty- seven to forty-three scales round the middle of the body. The adpressed hind limb reaches the cye or the anterior border of the orbit. Tail strongly compressed, crested like the back. Bronzy 168 IGUANID. green above, darker on the sides, with a more or less distinct lighter dorso-lateral streak; back usually with angular black markings, pointing backwards; a black collar or two large black spots under the neck; throat and belly rose-coloured; chest yellow. millim. millim Total length ...... 210 Fore limb. s-s#35% 35 ICAO ese iciecscis eagles 19 Hind limb........ 62 Width of head .... 14 ail, sacar’ 145 BO seGieiviea eee 46 Ecuador. a-f. d, hgr., & yg. W. Ecuador. Mr. Fraser (C.]. (Types. 11. Liocephalus erythrogaster. Brachysaurus erythrogaster, Hallow. Proc. Ac. Philad, 1856, p. 232. Upper head-scales large, unicarinate; nostril superior; four or five large transverse supraoculars. Neck slightly folded upon its sides. Dorsal crest low. Scales upon back, sides, and abdomen large, broader than long, strongly keeled. Tail cyclo-tetragonal at the base. Head, back, and extremities brownish ; beneath of the same colour, except upon chin and throat and sides of abdomen, which are of a beautiful pink-red colour. From snout to vent 60 millim. Colombia. 12. Liocephalus formosus. Liocephalus formosus, Bouleng. Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 1880, p. 43. Upper head-scales small, convex, smooth ; four transversely dilated supraoculars. Sides of neck strongly plicate. Dorsal crest a slight ridge. Dorsal scales rather large, the keels directed obliquely towards the vertebral line; ventrals as large as dorsals, smooth. Tail roundish. Dark olive above, with a few large black spots on the sides of the vertebral line and across the tail; throat black ; chest, flanks, and limbs inferiorly metallic blue-green ; belly greyish. millim. millim Total length ...... 166 Fore limb ........ 32 Heady 6 ace Sa necoare 16 Hind limb........ 44 Width of head .... 12°5 WBA: ee.a0e Gok face ergs 101 Body naa ala a bate 49 Andes of Ecuador. 13. Liocephalus ornatus. (Prare XII.) Liocephalus ornatus, Gray, Cat. p. 219. Liocephalus ornatus, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1868, p. 121. Upper head-scales small, keeled or striated ; nasal separated from 26. LIOCEPHALUS. 169 the rostral; no large supraoculars. Sides of neck not. plicate, covered with pointed, imbricate, keeled scales. A well-developed dorsal crest. Dorsal scales large, strongly mucronate, strongly keeled, the keels forming continuous straight longitudinal lines ; laterals and ventrals a little smaller; latter smooth; forty-three scales round the middle of the body. Gular scales as large as dorsals. The adpressed hind limb reaches the eye. ‘1'ail strongly compressed, the crest not quite as much developed as the dorsal. Olive above, with ill-defined darker spots; a large black spot on the shoulder; throat and breast greenish ; chin and belly black. millim, millim Total length ...... 235 Fore limb........ 37 Cat tan ey nanos 19 Hind limb........ 59 Width of head .... 14 Dail ce iyed Sowden 155 Body a. eign nares 61 Ecuador. aod. Guayaquil, (Type.) 14. Liocephalus trachycephalus. Holotropis trachycephalus, 4. Dum. Cat. Méth. Rept. p. 70, and Arch, Mus. vii. p. 589, pl. xxiii, fig. 1. Upper head-scales small, unicarinate ; nasal separated from the rostral; no large supraoculars; no distinct denticulation on the anterior border of the ear. Sides of neck not distinctly plicate, covered with pointed, imbricate, keeled scales. Dorsal crest: a low serrated ridge. Dorsal scales moderately large, scarcely mucronate, strongly keeled, the keels forming continuous straight longitudinal lines ; laterals a little smaller; ventrals nearly as large as dorsals, rhomboidal, smooth; forty-seven scales round the middle of the body. Gular scales smaller than dorsals. The adpressed hind limb reaches the ear. Tail moderately compressed, with slightly serrated ridge. Bronze-olive above, metallic green inferiorly; belly and a band across the throat black. millim. millim Total length ...... 241 Fore limb ........ 34 Mead... css a esis 17 Hind limb........ 54 Width of head .... 12 Pall lecctieaeudatand 165 Body ccc 59 Colombia. aod. Bogota. 15. Liocephalus guentheri. (Pxiare XIII.) Liocephalus ornatus, (non Gray) Gtiinth. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1859, p. 408. trachycephalus, (nox A. Dum.), O’Shaughn. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1881, p. 244; Bouleng. Ann. § Mag. N. H. (5) ix. 1882, p. 458. Upper head-scales small, unicarinate; nasal separated from the 170 IGUANIDA. rostral; no large supraoculars ; ear-opening with a more or less dis- tinct denticulation in front. Sides of neck not distinctly plicate, covered with pointed, imbricate, keeled scales. Dorsal crest a low serrated ridge. Dorsal scales small, not or but scarcely mucronate, strongly keeled, the keels forming slightly oblique continuous lines ; laterals and ventrals as large as dorsals; latter rhomboidal, smooth ; sixty-one to seventy-five scales round the middle of the body. The adpressed hind limb reaches the shoulder or the ear. Tail moderately compressed, with feebly serrated ridge. Olive- or bronze-green, uniform or with lighter or darker spots ; lower surfaces metallic, sometimes marbled with blackish: throat usually green; males usually with a black band across the throat, some- times extending to the chest ; sometimes a small black spot on the shoulder. millim. millim Total length ...... 250 Fore limb ........ 34 Headey sh eae 20 Hind limb........ 57 Width of head .... 16 MD aA, ayspraesscesetick eas 165 BOA a d.ntiex aoa 65 Ecuador abe. dQ. Guayaquil. Mr. Fraser [C.]. d,e,f.dQ. W. Ecuador. Mr. Fraser tet g &. Sarayacu, Ecuador. Mr. Buckley [C.]. h. oS. Colombia P t, Several specs.: d, ? J. Brenchley, Esq. [P.]. 2, & her. k-l,m,n. 3 @. —-? 16. Liocephalus tricristatus. Ophryoessoides tricristatus, 4. Dum. Cat. Méth. Rept. p. 66, and Arch, Mus. viii. p. 531, pl. xxii. fig. 1. A strong supraciliary crest; upper head-scales small, keeled ; nostril lateral. Sides of neck not folded. Dorsal and ventral scales large, keeled. Dorsal crest a low serrated ridge; another similar ridge on each side of the back. Tail feebly compressed. Light brown above; back with transverse, brown, yellow-edged bands; similar vertical bands on the sides. Head and body 60 millim.; tail 100 millim. Brazil. 17. Liocephalus dumerilii. Ophryoessoides dumerilii, Steindachn. Novara, Rept. p. 38, pl. ii. fig. 5. Apparently allied to the preceding. The supraciliary crest ends in a large pyramid-shaped tubercle; temple with large tubercular shields. Light yellowish-brown above ; a series of triangular dark reddish-brown spots on each side of the dorsal line. Pard. 27. TROPIDURUS. 171 27. TROPIDURUS. Tropidurus, Wied, Abbild. Nat. Bras.; Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 71; Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1871, p. 644. Tropidurus, part., Fitzing. N. Classif. Rept. p. 17; Wagler, Syst. Amph. p. 146; Wiegm. Herp. Mex. p. 18. Ecphymotes (non Fitz.), Cuv. R. A. 2nd ed. ii. p. 47; Dum. & Bibr. iv. p. 842. Platynotus, Wagler, J. c. Microlophus, Dum. & Bibr. p. 884; Gray, Cat. Liz. p. 221; Peters, le ? Tropidogaster, Dum. § Bibr. p. 329; Gray, lc. p. 227. Steirolepis, Fitzing. 1.c. p. 72. ? Tritropis, Fitzing. 1. c. p. 59. Taraguira, Gray, lc. p. 219. Eulophus, Tschudi, Faun. Per., Herp. p. 25. Craniopeltis, Peters, 1. ¢. p. 645. Lemopristus, Peters, 1. ¢. Aneuporus, Bocourt, Miss. Sc. Mex., Rept. p. 215. Tympanum distinct. Body more or less compressed or depressed, without or with a more or less developed dorsal crest. Dorsal scales uniform. Upper head-scales enlarged, occipital very large. A strong curved or oblique fold on each side in front of the shoulder, not extending across the throat; frequently a transverse fold in front of the latter; no gular sac. Digits compressed, with keeled lamellee inferiorly. No femoral or preanal pores. Tail long, sub- cylindrical or compressed. Lateral teeth tricuspid; pterygoid teeth. A sternal fontanelle. No abdominal ribs. South America. Synopsis of the Species. I. Nostril above the canthus rostralis; ventral scales smooth. A. A dorsal denticulation or crest, distinct at least on the nape. 1. Dorsal scales larger than ventrals. a. A strong oblique antehumeral fold, not meeting its fellow on the breast; no transverse gular fold. Dorsal scales more than twice as large ag ventrals 1.1... cee eee ees 1. grayi, p. 172. Dorsal scales little larger than ventrals .. 2. pacificus, p. 173. b. A transverse gular fold in front of the oblique ante- humeral fold. Scales on the snout keeled............ 3. occipitalis, p. 173. Scales on the snout smooth .......... 4, bocourti, p. 173. 2. Dorsal scales not larger than ventrals. Dorsal scales smaller than ventrals; sides of neck uniformly granular ........ 5. peruvianus, p. 174. 172 IGUANIDZ. Dorsal scales nearly as large as ventrals ; sides of neck with groups of erect spinose scales ..... 6... cece eee ees 6. spinulosus, p. 175. B. No dorso-nuchal crest. 1. Dorsal scales keeled. Dorsal scales scarcely larger than ven- trals; enlarged supraocular scales not occupying more than half the width of the supraocular region ..........+. 7. torquatus, p. 176. Dorsal scales scarcely larger than ven- trals; supraocular region nearly en- tirely covered by a series of transverse band-like scales ............00005- 8. hygomi, p. 177. Dorsal scales at least twice as large as PVOUOE GIS: son avene Qs meaner he ad Sacoenedm 9. hispidus, p. 177. 2. Dorsal scales smooth.......... 10. semitentatus, p. 178. Il. Nostril lateral; ventral scales trica- TIM ALE! va) 64-2 bat ached a eegereesre- ess 11. blainvillii, p. 178. 1. Tropidurus grayi. Leiocephalus grayii, Gray, Cat. p. 218. Leiocephalus grayil, Bell, Zool. Beagle, Rept. p. 24, pl. xiii. fig. 1. Holotropis grayii, 4d. Dum. Cat. Méth. Rept. p. 70, and Arch. Mus. viii. p. 538. Craniopeltis grayii, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1871, p. 645. bivittata, Peters, l. ¢. Tropidurus (Craniopeltis) grayii, Stetndachn, Festschr. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1876, p. 310, pl. ii. fig. 1. Upper head-scales smooth; a series of five to seven transverse band-like supraoculars, covering the greater part of the supraocular region ; occipital as broad as or broader than the latter, usually broader than long; ear-opening with a more or less developed fringe of pointed scales anteriorly. A strong curved antehumeral fold ; sides of neck more or less strongly plicate, the folds forming a pouch between the ear and the antehumeral fold. A dorso-nuchal crest, well developed in the male, reduced to a mere serrated ridge in the female. Dorsal scales large, much larger than ventrals, very strongly keeled, ending in a mucro or spine ; the keels forming con- tinuous slightly oblique longitudinal series; lateral scales smaller, also strongly keeled; ventrals smooth; fifty-five to sixty-five scales round the middle of the body. The adpressed hind limb reaches the ear, or between the latter and the eye. Tail once and a half to once and two thirds as long as head and body, compressed, especially in the male, crested or serrated like the back. Olive above, spotted with black ; sometimes a light yellowish band on each side of the back and another from axilla to groin; antehumeral fold black in the 27. TROPIDURUS. 173 male; lower surfaces yellowish or greenish white, throat and chest frequently spotted with black; the male’s throat usually black. millim. millim Total length ...... 250 Fore limb ........ 44 ead: cists ears te oe 20 Hind limb........ 2 Width of head .... 16 OP aah..| scaiyihsa ince Gata 160 BOO ye istered na des 70 Galapagos Islands. a,b,c-9. §,9,&yg. Chatham and Charles C. Darwin, Esq. [P.]. Islands. (Types.) ho. Albemarle Island. Commander Cookson [P.]. a. Her. o.. Abingdon Island. Commander Cookson [P.]. 2. Tropidurus pacificus. Tropidurus (Craniopeltis) pacificus, Steindachn. Festschr. zool.-bot. Ges, Wien, 1876, p. 318, pl. ii. figs. 2, 3. Distinguished from 7’. grayi by the much smaller and less strongly keeled dorsal scales; they little exceed the ventrals in size and are never mucronate ; ninety-one to ninety-five scales round the middle of the body. Dark olive above, with small black and greenish spots ; antehumeral fold black; lower surfaces greenish or bluish-grey, throat and chest spotted with black. Size and proportions as in the preceding. Galapagos Islands. a,b. So. Abingdon Island. Commander Cookson [P.]. 3. Tropidurus occipitalis. Lemopristus occipitalis, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1871, p. 645. Scales on the snout keeled; seven or eight broad supraoculars ; occipital very large, twice as broad aslong. A strong transverse gular fold, with denticulated edge, in front of the antehumeral fold. A dorsal crest of very pointed scales, extending onthe tail. Dorsal scales keeled, larger than the smooth ventrals; lateral scales smallest, keeled. Grey-brown above, with four irregular rhom- boidal transverse spots, the first on the middle of the nape, the second between the shoulders, the two others on the anterior part of the back; on each side of the back a yellowish-green metallic longitudinal band ; antehumeral fold black ; lower surfaces yellowish. Peru. 4, Tropidurus bocourtii. Aneuporus occipitalis, Bocourt, Miss. Se. Mex., Rept. p. 215, pl. xviii. fig. 1 Chaniopoitie occipitalis, Cope, Journ. Ac. Philad, (2) viii. 1876, p. 173. Upper head-scales smooth; a series of four or five transverse 174 IGUANID 2. supraoculars not measuring more than half the width of the supra- ocular region ; occipital much broader than the latter, nearly twice as broad as long. A short curved fold above each shoulder, not descending on the chest ; an oblique fold or pouch on each side of the neck connected with its fellow by a transverse gular fold. A vertebral denticulation. Dorsal scales moderate, rhomboidal, strongly keeled, the keels forming slightly oblique lines; lateral and ventral scales a little smaller, latter smooth. Limbs rather short. Tail a little longer than head and body, roundish. Olive above, variegated with dark yellow; lower surfaces yellowish white. From snout to vent 60 millim.; tail 81 millim. Peru. 5. Tropidurus peruvianus. Microlophus peruvianus, Gray, Cat. p. 221. Lophyrus araucanus, Lesson, Voy. Coquille, Rept. pl. ii. fig. 1. Stellio peruvianus, Less. 0. c. fig. 2. Tropidurus microlophus, Wieym. Nova Acta Ac, Leop.-Carol. xvii. 1835, i. p. 223, pl. xvi. —— heterolepis, Wiegm. 1. c. p. 225, pl. xvii. fig. 1. Microlophus lessonii, Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 3386; Gutchen. in Gay, Hist. Chile, Rept. p. 48. Steirolepis microlophus, Fitsing. Syst. Rept. p. 72. —— heterolepis, Fitzing. 1. c. —— peruviana, Fitzing. lc. p. 73. —— xanthostigma, Tschudi, Faun. Per., Herp. p. 29. tigris, Tschudz, 1. c. p. 30. —— thoracica, Tschudi, 1. c. p. 31. —— quadrivittata, Tschudi, l.c. p. 32. Microlophus peruvianus, Girard, U.S. Explor. Exped., Herp. p. 314; Cope, Journ. Ac, Philad, (2) viii. 1876, p. 178. heterolepis, Cope, J. c. p. 171. inguinalis, Cope, l.c. p. 172. Upper head-scales smooth ; a series of four to six more or less transversely enlarged supraoculars ; occipital usually as long as broad or a little broader than long, nearly as broad as the supraocular region ; ear-opening with a fringe of short pointed scales ; temples granulate. A strong curved antehumeral fold, nearly meeting its fellow on the throat; latter with more or less distinct cross folds ; sides of neck minutely granulate, strongly plicate. Body more or less depressed ; one or two slight folds along the flanks. A dorso- nuchal crest of slightly enlarged keeled or compressed scales, most developed on the nape, sometimes absent on the back. Dorsal scales very small, juxtaposed, smooth or feebly keeled, smaller still on the flanks; ventrals larger, imbricate, smooth. The adpressed hind limb reaches the eye or a little beyond. Tail once and a half to twice as long as head and body, round or feebly compressed, with a small serrated dorsal ridge ; caudal scales much larger than dorsuls, strongly keeled, spinose. Colour extremely variable. 27. TROPIDURUS. 175 millim. millim. Total length ...... 370 Fore limb ........ 65 Head ee os arenas 29 Hind limb........ 112 Width of head .... 26 Tall gsacaeaee .. 230 Body: saves snes . 111 Peru ; Chili. A. Upper surfaces blackish-olive, more or less abundantly dotted with pale olive, with or without a black lateral band; lower surfaces bluish or greenish grey; throat and chest black or blackish. a-b. Ss. On rocks at Pescadores Bay. Mr. H. Whitely (C.]. ce-e. g & her. On rocks near Yslay. Mr. H. Whitely [C.]. f-g. Yg. Peru. C. Darwin, Esq. [P.]. B. Dark olive above, hind limbs with whitish spots; a white band, as long as the femur, on each side in front of the hind limb ; lower surfaces white, gular region with black angular bands pointing backwards. hk, Yg. Peru. Smithsonian Institution [P.}. C. Yellowish grey or olive above, with yellowish or pale olive dots and black cross lines or reticulations; lower surfaces dirty white, belly sometimes black ; throat with black angular bands pointing backwards; chest black or with black cross bands. i,k,l. 3 & hg. Peru. m. os Chili n-p. & & her. —? Sir A. Smith [P.]. D. Pale olive-grey, vertebral line lighter; back with transverse blackish spots or cross bands, sometimes reticulated; limbs with blackish cross bands; lower surfaces whitish, throat and sides of neck with round black spots. gr. od & yg. Near Lima. Prof. W. Nation [P.]. 8. od. Lima. J. M. Cowper, Esq. [P.]. t. Her. dS Peru. 6. Tropidurus spinulosus. Microlophus spinulosus, Cope, Proc, Ac. Philad. 1862, p. 351. Leiocephalus (Craniopeltis) variegatus, O’Skaughn. Ann. § Mag. N. H. (5) iv. 1879, p. 801. Tropidurus (Microlophus) spinulosus, Boettg. Zeitschr. f. Naturw. lviii. 1885, p. 216. Upper head-scales smooth, convex ; a series of four or five feebly dilated transverse supraoculars ; occipital a little longer than broad, narrower than the supraocular region ; temporal scales conical; a group of small erect spine-like scales in front of the ear. A strong, slightly curved antehumeral fold, nearly meeting its fellow on the throat; a strong transverse fold in front of the latter, forming a 176 IGUANIDE. small pouch on each side of the throat. Sides of neck irregularly folded, with groups of small spinose scales. A small dorsal crest, most developed on the nape. Dorsal scales small, rhomboidal, im- bricate, keeled, ending in a spine, obliquely directed towards the vertebral line; lateral and ventral scales as large as dorsals, latter smooth. The adpressed hind limb reaches the shoulder, or between the latter and the ear. Tail roundish, with serrated upper ridge ; caudal scales larger than dorsals. Upper surfaces olive, lighter- dotted, with ill-defined dark brown crescentic cross bands; sides bluish; antehumeral fold black; lower surfaces yellowish, throat clouded with blackish. millim. millim Total length ...... 284 Fore limb.... ... 59 Head). vecnwaw seis 28 Hind limb........ 80 Width of head .... 25 Tail (reproduced) .. 150 BOY vacua gages 106 Paraguay ; Argentine Republic. a-b. 3. Paraguay. ed 3. Cosquin, Cordova. E. W. White, Esq. [C.]. (Types of Letocephalus variegatus.) 7. Tropidurus torquatus. Taraguira torquata, Gray, Cat. p. 220. darwinii, Gray, J. ¢. Stellio torquatus, Wied, Reise n. Bras. i. p. 139. Tropidurus torquatus, Wied, Beitr, Nat. Bras. i. p, 137, and Abbid. ; Reinh. §& Liitk. Vidensk. Meddel, 1861, p. 227; Peters, Mon. Berl. ‘Ac. 1877, p. 409. Agama tuberculata, Spiz, Spec. Nov. Lacert. Bras. p. 12, pl. xv. fig. 1. Ecphymotes tuberculata, Guér. Icon. R. A., Rept. pl. xii. fig. 2. torquatus, Dum. §& Bibr. iv. p. 344. Tropidurus microlepidotus, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p, 72. Taraguira torquata, Girard, U.S. Explor. Exped., Herp. p. 318. Upper head-scales smooth ; a series of transversely enlarged supra- oculars, the width of which never exceeds half the width of the supraocular region ; occipital usually longer than broad, and nar- rower than the supraocular region ; temporal scales flat and feebly keeled ; a fringe of long scales in front of the ear. A strong, slightly curved antehumeral fold, widely separated from its fellow ; one or two more or less marked transverse gular folds ; sides of neck granular, with one or two oblique folds or pouches. No dorso- nuchal ridge. Dorsal scales small, slightly larger than ventrals, keeled, rhomboidal, imbricate, and ending in a short spine in the males, subhexagonal in the females and young; keels of the dorsal scales forming oblique lines; ventrals smooth. The adpressed hind limb reaches the ear or the eye. Tail once and one fourth to once and a half as long as head and body, round or slightly compressed ; caudal scales much larger than dorsals, ending in a spine. Olive or brownish above, usually with darker spots and lighter dots ; usually a more or less distinct light and a dark lateral dorsal band; a black 27, TROPIDURUS. 177 band on the antehumeral fold, usually extending on the scapular region ; lower surfaces yellowish or greyish, throat and breast often marbled with blackish ; the male’s throat usually black. millim. millim Total length ...... 250 Fore limb ........ 48 Head... .......... 25 Hind limb........ 76 Width of head .... 21 Pad; gee which ay pee 150 Body caer aways 75 Guianas ; Brazil. a-c. Her. & yg. Rio Janeiro. C. Darwin, Esq. [P.]. d. 9. Rio Janeiro. Dr. Cunningham [C. ]. @ 2. Rio Janeiro. The Lords of the Admiralty[P.]. tig. Yg. Rio Janeiro. G. Busk, Esq. [P.]. h-i. S. Abrolhos Island. CO. Darwin, Esq. {P.]. (Types of Taraguira darwinit.) k-l. Her. & yg. Brazil. W. Wright, Esq. [P.]. m-o,p-q,r. S & her. Brazil. a So. S. America. 8. Tropidurus hygomi. Tropidurus hygomi, Reinh. & Lith. Vidensk. Meddel. 1861, p. 228, pl. v. fig. 9. ; The only important difference distinguishing this species from the preceding is the greater width of the band-like supraoculars, which cover nearly entirely the supraocular region, being separated from the supraorbitals by one and from the supraciliaries by one or two series of very small scales. The scales on the body a trifle larger than in 7’, torquatus. Brazil. a Q. Brazil. Copenhagen Museum [P.]. (One of the types.) 9. Tropidurus hispidus. Taraguira smithii, Gray, Cat. p. 221. Agama hispida, Spir, Spec. Nov. Lacert. Bras..p. 12, pl. xv. fig. 2. —— nigrocollaris, Spitz, dc. p. 13, pl. xvi. fig. 2. cyclurus, Spx, Jc. p. 14, pl. xvii. fig. I. Proctotretus tcelsneri, Berthold, Gétting. Nachr. 1859, p. 179. Trachycyclus superciliaris, Giinth. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1861, p. 16. Tropidurus macrolepis, Reinh. § Lith, Vidensk, Meddel. 1861, p. 227, 1. v. fig. 8. — cee Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1877, pp. 409, 413. Distinguished from 7’. torquatus by the size of the dorsal scales, which are at least twice as large as the ventrals. No light bands along the body. ~ Brazil; Venezuela. u,b. b. Bahia. Dr. Wucherer [C.]. VOL. IL, N 178 IGUANIDZ. ad. Bahia. Dr. Wucherer [C.J]. (Type of 7 rachycyclus superciliaris.) d+f,g. 82. Pernambuco. J. P. Smith, Esq. [P.]. (Types of Tara- guira smithi.) h. o. Para. Me 1s Brazil. C. Darwin, Esq. [P.]. | (Types of 7. k-l. og. Brazil. smithit.) m. do Brazil. Copenhagen Museum [P.]. (As typical of T. macrolepts.) no. Venezuela. 10. Tropidurus semiteniatus. Agama semitzeniata, Spiz, Spec. Nov. Lacert. Bras. p. 13, pl. xvi. fig. 1. Platynotus semiteniatus, Wagl. Syst. Amph. p. 146. Tropidurus (Platynotus) semiteniatus, Peters, Mon, Berl. Ac. 1877, pp. 409, 414. Distinguished from 7’. torquatus in having perfectly smooth dorsal seales. Bahia. 11. Tropidurus? blainvillii. Tropidogaster blainvillii, Gray, Cat. p. 227. Tropidogaster blainvillii, Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 330, pl. xxxix. bis. fig. 2 g. 2. Ptychosaurus (Tritropis) blainvillii, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 59. Nostril lateral. Upper head-scales keeled; no enlarged supra- oculars ; occipital moderately large; anterior border of ear deuticu- lated. Sides of neck irregularly folded; two transverse gular folds, the anterior straight, the posterior arched. A vertebral denticula- tion, extending on the tail. A fold along the flanks. Dorsal scales small, scarcely imbricate, keeled ; ventral scales squarish-hexagonal, tricarinate. ‘The adpressed hind limb reaches the end of the snout. Tail round or slightly compressed. Buff above, with small! confluent brown lines; a greyish dorso-lateral band; hinder side of thighs with a longitudinal series of yellowish-white spots encircled with black, and above them a yellowish black-edged line ; throat brownish, chest greyish, belly yellowish. millim millim, Head aegateneuewas 15 Fore limb ...... 26 Body gtariincas goes 38 Hind limb ...... 45 —? 28. URANISCODON. Uraniscodon, part., Kaup, Isis, 1826, p. 89. Ecphymotes, part., Ftzing. N. Classif. Rept. p. 17, Hypsibatus, Wagler, Syst. Amph. p. 150; Wiegm. Herp. Mex. p.15; Dum. § Bibr, iy. p. 253; Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 58. 28. URANISCODON. 179 Plica, Gray, Griff. A. K. ix. Syn. p. 40, and Cat. Liz. p. 223. Uperanodon, Dum. § Bibr. p. 247; Fitzing. 1. ¢. Ptychosaurus, Fitzing. 1. e. p. 59. Ptychoplewra, Fitsing. 1. c. Uraniscodon, Gray, Cat. p. 222. Tympanum distinct. Body subcylindrical or depressed; a slightly serrated dorsal ridge; dorsal scales small, imbricate, uniform. Upper head-scales enlarged, occipital very large. Neck strongly plicate inferiorly, the folds forming a pair of pouches on each side; no gular sac. Digits compressed, bent at the articulations, with keeled lamellz inferiorly. No femoral or preanal pores. ‘Tail long, cylin- drical or compressed. Lateral teeth tricuspid, the anterior ones slightly enlarged and canine-like ; pterygoid teeth present or absent. A large sternal fontanelle. No abdominal ribs. South America. 1. Uraniscodon umbra, Uraniscodon umbra, Gray, Cat. p. 222. pictum, part., Gray, l.c. p. 223. Lacerta umbra, Zinn. S. N. i. p. 367. Agama picta, Wied, Abbild. Lophyrus ochrocollaris, Spex, Spee. Nov. Lacert. Bras. p. 10, pl. xii. fig. 2 Uraniscodon umbra, Kaup, Isis, 1826, p. 90. pictum, Kazp, l. ce. Hypsibatus umbra, MWagl. Syst. Amph. p. 150. Uperanodon ochrocollare, Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 248. pictum, part., Dum. & Bibr. p. 251. Hyperanodon peltigerus, Cope, Journ. Ac. Philad, (2) viii. 1876, p. 170. —— umbra, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1877, pp. 408, 413. Snout short and very broadly rounded; nostril small, turned up- wards; upper head-scales usually with small granular asperities ; anterior supraorbital scales transversely dilated, forming two di- verging series; a series of large transverse supraoculars ; occipital broader than long, as broad as or broader than the supraocular region; labials large, four or five upper and five or six lower; ear- opening large, its anterior border not or but very slightly denticu- lated. A strong oblique antehumeral fold; a feeble longitudinal and a strong transverse gular fold, the latter forming a small pouch on each side ; sides of neck feebly plicate, without spines. Dorsal crest most developed on the nape, reduced to a very slight ridge on the back. Body not depressed; dorsal scales as large as or a little larger than ventrals, rhomboidal, keeled, the keels forming oblique lines ; ventrals rhomboidal, more or less distinctly keeled or shortly mucronate. The size of the scales varies considerably. The ad- pressed hind limb reaches the ear or the eye. Tail round or slightly compressed, slender, at least twice as long as head and body. Red- dish or purplish brown above, with more or less distinct blackish cross bands; a broad black band on the antehumeral fold, sometimes n2 180 IGUANIDE. extending across the nape; frequently a large yellowish spot on the side of the neck, in front of the black band; lower surfaces brownish or yellowish, uniform or clouded with brown. millim, millim Total length........ 297 Fore limb ...... 50 Head) svaaiasavexs 22 Hind limb ...... 75 Width of head ...... 18 SPAM. tect sing te.ee, 8% 205 Bodyeiereigvesds os 70 South America. a-b. So. Demerara Falls. F e. Yg. Pernambuco. J.P. Smith, Esq. [P.]. ao. Interior of Brazil. eo. "Brazil. f. Q. Sarayacu, Ecuador. Mr. Buckley rie g-k. 3,2, & her. Moyobamba, Peru. Mr. A. H. Roff [C.]. im o. South America. 2. Uraniscodon plica. Plica umbra, Gray, Cat, p. 223. Lacerta plica, Zinn. 8. N. i. p. 367, Iguana chalcidica, Law. Syn. Rept. p. 48. Agama umbra, Daud. Rept. iii. p. 875. plica, Merr. Tent. p. 55. ee panthera, Spix, Spec. Nov. Lacert. Bras. p, 11, pl. xiii. fi Ureniaendon plica, Kaup, Isis, 1826, p. 91. Lophyrus agamoides, Gray, Phil. Mag. (2) ii. 1827, p. 208. Hypsibatus plica, Wagl. Syst. Amph. p. 150. Ophyessa plica, Gray, Grif. A. K. ix. Syn. p. 41, pl. —. Hypsibaius agamoides, Wiegm. Herp. Mex. p. 15; Dum. & Bibr. iv. . 254. ? Hypsibatus punctatus, Dum. § Bibr. p. 258. ? Ptychosaurus punctatus, Pitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 59. Ptychosaurus (Ptychopleura) plica, Fitzing. 1. c. Hypsibatus panthera, Peters, Mon, Berl. Ac. 1877, pp. 408, 413. Head large, short snout ; nostril latero-superior ; supraciliary edge projecting, angular; upper head-scales imbricate, more or less di- stinctly keeled; a series of large transverse supraoculars ; occipital a little broader than long, narrower than the supraocular region ; labials large, four or five upper and five or six lower. Neck con- stricted and strongly plicate and pouched inferiorly ; posterior gular fold continuous with a lateral fold curving above the shoulder and ending above the hind limb ; sides of neck with tufts of small, erect spine-hike scales. A small dorsal crest, highest on the nape. Body depressed. Dorsal and lateral scales very small, strongly keeled ; latero-dorsal fold covered with small erect spinose scales ; a second more or less distinct fold on each side from axilla to groin; ventral scales a little larger than dorsals, smooth. The adpressed hind limb reaches the eye or the tip of the snout. Tail slender, a little com- pressed, with serrated upper ridge ; its length twice or a little less 28. URANISCODON.—29, sTROBILURUS, 181 than twice the length of head and body. Greyish-olive or greenish above, spotted or marbled with dark brown, which colour forms more or less distinct cross bands on the back and limbs; a collar of black marblings ; lower surfaces whitish, throat black. millim. millim. Total length........ 394 Fore limb ...... 82 Gad» ein val ogadeew acs 33 Hiud limb ...... 123 Width of head...... 33 PBI s oo iiawsia eeas ws 250 Body ass gece wei we 111 South America. a-b,c. 3, 2,& yg. Island of Granada. d-e. SQ. Trinidad. tig 3. Venezuela. A. Q. Demerara Falls. Zz, QD, Pebas. H. W. Bates, Esq. [C.]. ke Yg. Pallatanga, Ecuador. Mr. Buckley [C.}. Lm. 3 & her. Cayaria, Peru. Messrs. Veitch [P.]. no. 8. America. 29. STROBILURUS. Strobilurus, Wiegm. Herp. Mex. p.18; Dum. & Bibr. iv. p. 353; Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 71; Gray, Cat. Liz. p. 222. Tympanum distinct. Body depressed; a slightly serrated dorsal ridge ; dorsal scales imbricate, uniform. Upper head-scales slightly enlarged, occipital very large. A curved fold in front of each shoulder, not extending across the throat. Digits compressed, bent at the articulations, with keeled lamelle inferiorly. No femoral or preanal pores. Tail rather short, subcylindrical, with whorls of large spinose scales. Lateral teeth tricuspid; no pterygoid teeth. A large sternal fontanelle. No abdominal ribs. Brazil. 1. Strobilurus torquatus. Strobilurus torquatus, Gray, Cat. p, 222. Strobilurus torquatus, Wiegm. 1. c.; Dum. § Bibr. p. 854, Steironotus (Strobilurus) torquatus, Futzing. 1. c. Doryphorus spinosus, Guichen. in Casteln. Am. Mér., Rept. p. 27, pl. vii. fig. 1. Snout short; nostril small, turned upwards; upper head-scales with small granular asperities; a series of transversely enlarged supraocular scales ; occipital as long as broad or a little broader than long, as broad as the supraocular region ; seven or eight upper and six or seven lower labials; temporal scales keeled ; ear-opening rather large, with two or three small projecting lobes anteriorly. Sides of neck strongly plicate; a strong antehumeral fold; one or two irregular feeble folds across the throat. Body short, depressed, 182 IGUANIDZ. back tectiform. Dorsal scales larger than ventrals, rhomboidal, im- bricate, keeled, the keels obliquely converging towards the vertebral line; ventrals smooth. Digits slender. The adpressed hind limb reaches the ear. Tail as long as head and body, conical, strongly depressed at the base, covered with very large rhomboidal spinose scales. Greenish above, tail yellowish olive; head with symmetri- cal black markings ; a crescentic black band across scapular region, and sometimes a second across the nape; lower surfaces greenish white. millim. millim Total length........ 114 Fore limb ...... 29 CAG odie! sues astrscan Fi 16 Hind limb ...... 38 Width of head...... 12 EA acres cpaneies eens 57 Bod iis. esha wanes 41 Brazil ad. Bahia. Dr. Wucherer a bo, Ad., stuffed, Bahia. M. de Castelnau [P.]. ce, Ad., stuffed, Brazil. Mrs. Parker [P.]. 30. UROCENTRON. Urocentron, Kaup, Isis, 1827, p. 612; Wagler, Syst. Amph. p. 145; Wiegm, Herp. Mex. p. 18; Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 77. Doryphorus, Cuv. R. A. 2nd ed. ii. p. 84; Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 869. Uranocentron, Gray, Cat. Liz. p. 225. Tympanum distinct. Body depressed; no dorsal crest; dorsal scales small, imbricate, uniform. Upper head-seales little enlarged. Two transverse gular folds; no gular pouch. Digits compressed, bent at the articulations, with keeled lamelle inferiorly. No femoral or preanal pores. Tail short, flat, with whorls of spinose scales. Lateral teeth tricuspid ; no pterygoid teeth, A large sternal fonta- nelle. No abdominal ribs. South America. 1. Urocentron azureum. Uranocentron azureum, Gray, Cat. p. 226. Lacerta azurea, Linn. S. N. i. p. 862. Stellio azureus, Daud. Rept. iv. p. 36, pl. xlvi. brevicaudatus, Daud. J. c. p. 40, pl. xlvii. Uromastyx cxruleus, Merr. Tent. p. 56. azureus, Mer. l.c. p. 57. Urocentron azureum, Kaup, Isis, 1827, p. 612. Ophyessa (Uranocentron) azureus, Gray, Griff. A. K. ix. Syn. p. 42. ( ) brevicaudatus, Gray, J. ¢. Doryphorus brevicaudatus, Guér. Icon. R. A., Rept. pl. vi. fig. 3. Urocentron brevicaudatum, Wiegm. Herp. Mex. p. 18. Doryphorus azureus, Dum. & Bibr, iv. p. 371, pl. xlii. fig. 2. 30. UROCENTRON. 183 Snout short, broadly rounded, lips somewhat swollen; nostril turned upwards; upper head-scales small, with small granular asperities ; a series of slightly dilated transverse supraoculars ; occi- pital a little longer than broad, narrower than the supraocular region; five or six upper and six or seven lower labials; ear- opening moderate, its anterior border without denticulation. Sides of neck irregularly plicate; a strong transverse gular fold, and a second, less regular, in front. Lateral and anterior dorsal scales very small, granular, smooth; posterior dorsal scales larger, sub- rhomboidal, obtusely keeled; ventrals larger, squarish, imbricate, smooth. Digits slender. The adpressed hind limb reaches the shoulder or slightly beyond. Tail shorter and narrower than the body, flat inferiorly, about twice as broad as deep, with whorls of very large, obtusely keeled spinose scales, the spines strongest on the sides. Azure blue or olive above, with crescentic black cross bands ; lower surfaces greenish or yellowish. millim. millim: Total length........ 124 Fore limb ...... 39 Head -c5 sx oeaeaeds 20 Hind limb ...... 49 Width of head...... 17 ft) eee ee 46 BOY i acvatone ine scatee 58 Guianas ; Brazil. a Q. Brazil. bg. British Guiana. c, d,ef. SQ. S. America. 2. Urocentron flaviceps. Doryphorus azureus, var., A. Dum. Cat. Méth. Rept. p. 85. Be flaviceps, Guichen. in Casteln. Am. Mér., Rept. p. 26, pl. ili. fig. 2; A. Dum. Arch. Mus, viii. p. 560. Uranocentrum flaviceps, O’Shaughn. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1881, p. 245. Upper head-scales very convex. Dorsal scales small, rhomboidal, imbricate, strongly keeled, increasing in size posteriorly; lateral scales smaller; ventrals as large as dorsals, feebly keeled. Tail quite flat, nearly as broad as the body, lanceolate; caudal scales large, rhomboidal, forming longitudinal and transverse series, strongly keeled, spinose, the spines strongest on the sides. Other- wise as in the preceding species. Black, uniform (males) or with numerous round greenish spots and the lower surfaces groenish- white or pale olive; upper surface of head sometimes yellowish. millim. : millim Total length........ 168 Fore limb ..... 53 Head: (as aveagtete ons 28 Hind limb .... . 68 Width of head...... 21 STRAND: scesspeie ts aeteie ak cares 62 Body occ seegeegers 7 Upper Amazons. 184 IGUANIDE. a-c. 3, 9,& yg. Canelos, Ecuador. Mr. Buckley fe . dé. Sarayacu, Ecuador. Mr. Buckley [C. ]. e 3. Peruvian Amazons, Mr. E. Bartlett [C.]. 3. Urocentron castor. Doryphorus castor, Cope, Proc. Am. Phil. Soc. xi. 1870, p. 556. Apparently very closely related to the preceding. Nostril between two scales. Scales of the sides scarcely smaller than dorsals and ventrals, Tail wider than the body. Colour blackish olive, gradu- ally lighter to the head, which is thickly black-spotted on a green ground; a broad crescentic black collar, which is broadly light-mar- gined behind, much more indistinctly before; the posterior border is again broadly margined with black behind ; limbs closely green, spotted on a blackish ground; tail uniform brown ; belly black, on the sides dark green, femora black. Length to vent 60 millim.; tai] 33 millim. Pebas, Ecuador. 31. PHYMATURUS. Phymaturus, Gravenh. Nova Acta Ac. Leop.-Carol. xviii. 1888, ii. p. 749; Gray, Cat. Lz, p. 226. ae Bell, Zool. Beagle, Rept. p. 25; A. Dum. Arch. Mus. viii. p. 556, Tympanum distinct. Body depressed; no dorsal crest; dorsal scales small, juxtaposed or subimbricate, uniform. Upper head- scales small. A transverse gular fold; no gular pouch. Digits slightly compressed, with keeled lamelle inferiorly. No femoral pores ; males with a series of pores on the front edge of the vent. Tail rather short, subcylindrical, with whorls of spinose scales. All the teeth trilobate; pterygoid teeth. A sternal fontanelle. No abdominal ribs. Chili. 1, Phymaturus palluma. Phymaturus palluma, Gray, Cat. p. 226. mee palluma, Molina, Saggio sulla Storia nat. del Chile, 1810, Stellio palluma, Daud. Rept. iv. p. 46. Phymaturus palluma, Gravenh. 1. c. p. 750, pl. lv. fig. 2. Centrura flagellifer, Bell, 1. c¢. pl. xiv. fig. 2; A. Dum. lc. p. 557 pl. xxii. fig. 5. : Oplurus bibronii, Guichen. in Gay, Hist. Chile, Rept. p. 58, pl. iii. fig. 2; A. Dum. Cat. Méth. Rept. p. 84. Head small, snout short; canthus rostralis indistinct, nostril superior ; ear-opening moderately large. Head-scales small, equal, subconical on the temples. Throat and sides of neck strongly plicate. Body much depressed. Dorsal scales very small, granular, 31. PHYMATURUS.—32, AMBLYRHYNCHUS. 185 smooth, a little larger and flat on the middle of the back ; ventral scales a little larger, squarish, smooth, in regular transverse series. Limbs short; the adpressed hind limb reaches the axilla; digits short and thick. Male with a series of nine or ten pore-like cal- losities in front of the vent. Tail about as long as head and body, conical, with whorls of rather large spinose scales. Dark olive, variegated with blackish. millim. willim. Total length........ 202 Fore limb ...... 42 Head ti dda ea paws 21 Hind limb...... 56 Width of head...... 20 PDair yatiesks wishes 100 Body sas 0a tare samen 81 Chili a. Q. Chili. C. Darwin, Esq. [P.]. (Type of Centrura flagellifer.) ac. So. Chili. d, Skeleton. Chili. 32. AMBLYRHYNCHUS. Amblyrhynchus Bell, Zool. Journ. ii. 1825, p. 206; Wiegm. Herp. Mex. p.16; Dum. & Bibr. iv. p. 193; Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 55. Oreocephalus, Gray, Cat. Liz. p. 189. Tympanum distinct. Body slightly compressed; a dorsal crest ; dorsal scales small. Head with large tubercular shields. No gular pouch; a feeble transverse gular fold. Digits compressed, with keeled lamelle inferiorly, united at the base by a rudiment of web. A long series of femoral pores. Tail long, strongly compressed. All the teeth trilobate; pterygoid teeth. No sternal fontanelle. No abdominal ribs. Galapagos Islands. 1. Amblyrhynchus cristatus. Oreocephalus cristatus, Gray, Cat. p. 189. Amblyrhynchus cristatus, Bell, Zool. Journ. ii. 1825, p. 206, Suppl. pl. xii.; Dum. § Bibr. iv. p.195 ; Darwin, Journ. Beagle, p. 466 ; Bell, Zool. Beagle, Rept. p.23; A. Dum. Cat. Méth. Rept. p. 62; Steind. Festschr, zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1876, p. 316, pls. iil., v., vi., vii. Iguana (Amblyrhynchus) cristatus, Gray, Grif. A. K. ix, Syn. p. 37. ) ater, Gray, 1. ¢. ; Amblyrhynchus ater, Dum. § Bibr. p. 196. Hypsilophus (Amblyrhynchus) cristatus, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 55. ( ) ater, Fitz. lc. Habit stout. Head small, very convex, nearly as broad as long, with swollen lips; nostril oval, pierced in a small swollen shield nearer the end of the snout than the orbit; eye and tympanum 186 IGUANIDE. small; upper surface of head covered with large convex or conical and spinose, rough, polygonal shields; rostral and mental very small; ten to twelve upper and as many lower labials. Throat strongly plicate, covered with minute granular scales. A dorso- nuchal crest of lanceolate spines, highest on the nape, sometimes subinterrupted between the shoulders. Scales on the body very small, keeled on the back, smooth on the belly. Limbs strong; digits rather short, the third toe strongly denticulated along the inner side of the basal joint. A series of twenty to thirty pores on each side; frequently a second parallel series of a few pores. Tail about once and a half the length of head and body, strongly com- pressed, crested above, covered with cross series of equal keeled scales, Colour black or blackish brown; abdomen and lower sur- face of thighs frequently dirty white; young brown above, with pale spots or dots, and more or less distinct darker cross bands on the back. centim. centim. Total length ...... 133 Fore limb ........ 22 PCB 5s iain in tee 0 9 Hind limb........ 27 Width of head .... 9 SNAIL! “asaesheore vied fates 80 BODY siieseier hee Sects 44 Galapagos Islands. a,b,c. Ad. & hgr., Galapagos. Capt. Fitzroy [P.]. stuffed. d. Yg. Galapagos. J. Goodridge, Esq. [P.]. e. Her. Galapagos. Haslar Collection. jf. Her., stuffed. Galapagos. g. Skull of f. h. Yg. Galapagos. a, k,l, Ad. Charles Island. Commander W. E. Cook- son [P.]}. m. Ad. Iguana Cove. Commander W. E. Cook- son [P.]. n. Ad., stuffed. Iguana Cove. Commander W. E. Cook- son [P.]. o. Skeleton of n. p. Ad. Tagus Cove, Albemarle. Commander W. E. Cook- son [P.]. q-s. Hgr. Abingdon Island. Commander W. E. Cook- son [P.]. 33. CONOLOPHUS. Amblyrhynchus, part., Dum. & Bibr. iv. p. 198. Conolophus, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 55. Trachycephalus (non Tschudi), Gray, Cat. Liz. p. 188. Tympanum distinct. Body a little depressed; a slight dorsal crest; dorsal scales small. Head-scales slightly enlarged. No gular pouch; a feeble transverse gular fold. Digits compressed, with keeled lamelle inferiorly. A long series of femoral pores. Tail 33. CONOLOPHUS.—34, METOPOCEROS. 187 long, roundish, slightly compressed. All the teeth trilobate; ptery- goid teeth*. No sternal fontanelle. No abdominal ribs. Galapagos Islands. 1. Conolophus subcristatus. Trachycephalus subcristatus, Gray, Cat. p. 188. Amblyrhynchus subcristatus, Gray, Zool. Misc. 1831, p. 6, and Zool. Beechey’s Voy., Rept. p.93; Darwin, Journ. Beagle, p. 469. — ce Dum. § Bibr. iv. p.197; Bell, Zool. Beagle, Rept. eo Lae » XU. Hypsilophus (Conolophus) demarlii, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 55. Conolophus subcristatus, Steird. Festschr. xool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1876, p. 322, pls. iv.-vii. Habit stout. Head rather small, little longer than broad; nostril turned upwards and slightly outwards, slightly nearer the end of the snout than the orbit; eye and tympanum of moderate size; upper surface of head covered with rather large, convex or sub- conical, keeled polygonal scales; occipital very slightly enlarged ; rostral and mental moderately large; labials twelve. Throat longi- tudinally plicate, covered with minute granules. A low nuchal crest of recurved spines, continued as a feebly serrated ridge along the back. Scales on the body very small, keeled on the. back, smooth and slightly larger on the belly. Limbs strong; digits very short; fifth toe not longer than second; third toe strongly denticulated along the inner side of the basal joint. Seventeen to twenty-one femoral pores on each side. Tail scarcely longer than head and body, feebly compressed, with very slightly serrated upper edge, covered with small equal keeled scales... Dark brown, lower surfaces and head lighter. centim. centim. Total length ........ 107 Fore limb ...... 21 Head, cas oddest ees 9 Hind limb...... 26 Width of head ...... 8 Wall: 3 Shhh 3 54 BOY: tptcavaiy sages 44 Galapagos, Central Islands. a. Her. Galapagos. C. Darwin, Esq. Pd bd. Ad., stuffed. Galapagos. Capt. Fitzroy [P.]. ce. Ad., stuffed. Galapagos. Haslar Collection. d. Left mandible. Iguana Cove. 34, METOPOCEROS. Iguana, part., Daud. Rept. iii. p. 858; Fitzing. N. Classif. Rept. p. 17; Wiegm. Herp. Mex. p. 15. aa Metopoceros, Wagler, Syst. Amph. p. 147; Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 210; Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 54; Gray, Cat, Liz, p. 188. Aloponotus, Dum. & Bibr. iv. p. 189; Pitzing. l.e.; Gray, Cat. p. 187. * The presence of pterygoid teeth has been denied by Steindachner. They exist in young specimens. 188 IGUANIDZ. Tympanum distinct. Body compressed; a dorsal crest; dorsal scales small. A small gular pouch and a feeble transverse gular fold. Digits compressed, with keeled lamelle inferiorly. A long series of femoral pores. ‘Tail long, compressed. Lateral teeth den- ticulated ; pterygoid teeth. West Indies. 1. Metopoceros cornutus. ? Aloponotus ricordi, Gray, Cat. p. 187. Metopoceros cornutus, Gray, 1. c. p. 188. Lacép. Quadr. Ov. ii. p. 493. Iguana cornuta, Daud. Rept. iii. p. 282. Metopoceros cornutus, Wagl. Syst. Amph. p. 148; Dum. & Bibr. iv. p. 211; Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1866, p. 124; Gitinth. Trans. Zool. Soc. xi, 1882, p. 218, pls. xliii., xliv. ? Aloponotus ricordii, Dum. § Bibr. p. 190, pl. xxxvii. ? Hypsilophus (Aloponotus) ricordii, Fitziny. Syst. Rept. p. 54. Hypsilophus (Metopoceros) cornutus, Fitz. 1. c. Cyclura nigerrima, Cope, Am, Nat. 1885, p. 1006. onchiopsis, Cope, l. ¢. Head large, swollen below the ears, covered with unequal-sized scales; snout obtuse, with obtuse canthus rostralis, with three enlarged scales, which in the adult male are conical, horn-like; occi- pital slightly enlarged; nostril large, oval, near the end of the snout, pierced in a convex nasal which is either in contact with the rostral or separated from it by small scales; ten to twelve upper and as many lower labials; a row of enlarged scutes, conical in the male, above the upper labials, from below the front of the orbit to below the tympanum; a row of similar keeled scutes bordering the orbit inferiorly, and extending to above the tympanum ; latter large, vertically oval. Gular region covered with very small keeled scales, intermixed on the sides with enlarged tubercles; a row of large chin-shields on each side, the anterior in contact with the labials, the others strongly keeled and separated from the latter by smaller scutes. Dorsal crest formed of lanceolate lobes, the longest of which (in the male) measure a little less than the diameter of the tym- panum; a nuchal crest of very low spines, widely separated from the dorsal. Dorsal scales minute, flat, granular, surrounded by finer granulations; these scales sometimes very indistinct, the skin appearing almost naked; ventral scales a little larger, flat, smooth, juxtaposed. Limbs strong; digits rather short, the third toe strongly denticulated along the inner side of the basal joint. A series of thirteen to eighteen femoral pores on each side; frequently a second, somewhat shorter, parallel series of pores. Tail long, compressed, crested above, with verticils of keeled scales forming very indistinct segments. Blackish, uniform or with lighter varie- gations. centim. : centim. Total length (tail broken) 98 Body vine ces 36 Head oii ssiie wily meas 12 Fore limb ...... 21 Width of head ........ 9 Hind limb ..... 30 35, IGUANA. 189 San Domingo, Navasa. a3. —? Zoological Society. 6. 2, stuffed. —-?P Zoological Society. ce, Skeleton of b. 35. IGUANA. Iguana, part., Laur. Syn. Rept. p. 47; Daud. Rept. iii. p. 358; Fitzing. N. Classif. Rept. p.17; Wiegm. Herp. Mex. p. 16. Iguana, Gray, Ann. Phil. (2) x. 1825, p.197 ; Dum. § Bibr. iv. p.199; Gray, Cat. Liz. p. 186; Bocourt, Miss. Sc. Mex., Rept. p. 133. Hypsilophus, Wagler, Syst. Amph. p. 147; Fitzing. Syst. Rept. 54. p. 54. Amblyrhynchus (non Bell), Wagi. 1. e. p. 148. Tympanum distinct. Body compressed; a dorsal crest; dorsal scales small. Upper head-scales large. A transverse gular fold, and a large non-dilatable gular appendage. Digits compressed, with keeled lamelle inferiorly. A long series of femoral pores. Tail long, compressed. Lateral teeth denticulated; pterygoid teeth. A small sternal fontanelle. One or two poststernal ribs, Tropical America. 1. Iguana tuberculata. Iguana tuberculata, Gray, Cat. p. 186. Iguana tuberculata, Laur. Syn. Rept. p.49; Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 203; A. Dum. Arch. Mus, viii. p. 526. Lacerta iguana, Shaw, Zool. iti. p.199; Duvern. R.A, Rept. pl. xvii. Iguana delicatissima (non Lawr.), Daud. Rept. iii. p. 263, pl. xl. cerulea, Daud. 1. c, p. 286; Spix, Spec. Nov. Lacert. Bras. p.7, 1, vii. : sapidissima, Merr. Tent. p. 47. —— squamosa, Sprz, lc. p. 5, pl. v. viridis, Spzx, . ¢. p. 6, pl. vi. —— emarginata, Spiz, 1. c. p. 7, pl. viii. lophyroides, Sprx, 1. ¢. p. 8, pl. ix. Hypsilophus iguana, Wagl. Syst, Amph. p. 147. Head moderately large; snout rounded, with obtuse canthus ros- tralis ; nostril rather large, pierced in a swollen nasal, near the tip of the snout; tympanum large, oval; head-scales smooth, variable in shape, large on the forehead and between the orbits; the inter- orbital series either in contact or separated; supraocular scales small; occipital enlarged ; rostral large, pentagonal, mental smaller ; ten to twelve labials. Anterior border of the gular appendage with a crest of large triangular compressed scales; gular scales very small on the appendage, larger and in several rows on the sides near the labials, increasing in size towards a large circular shield situated below the tympanum. Dorso-nuchal crest continuous, composed of falciform lobes, the length of which varies considerably ; most de- veloped in the full-grown males. Dorsal scales very small, equal, keeled; neck with scattered large conical or obtusely keeled 190 IGUANIDE. tubercles ; ventral scales small, larger than dorsals, smooth or indi- stinctly keeled. Limbs strong, digits long and slender. Twelve to eighteen femoral pores on each side. Tail strongly compressed, crested above, covered with uniform keeled scales which are larger inferiorly. Green or greenish, lighter beneath ; upper surfaces uni- form, or speckled or variegated with darker and lighter; usually dark, light-edged, undulated vertical bars down the flanks, tail with more or less distinct dark annuli; usually a whitish band in front of the arm. centim. centim, Total length ...... 139 Fore limb ........ 18 Heads. i4 oaaaee aes 75 Hind limb........ 28 Width of head .... 5 ARAL Poids oils acon a 100 Body wie ses dee oe 31°5 South America to Nicaragua; West Indies. a,b. Ad., stuffed. W. Indies. ec. Ad., skeleton. W. Indies. d. ¢. Island of St. Thomas. e. Her, 2. Dominica. fe XS. Tobago. A. Ludlam, Esq. [P.]. g. Her. Trinidad. h. Y¥g. W. coast of America. Mr. Bridges [C.]. ao. Nicaragua. k. Yg. Panama. Capt. T. C. Dow [P.]. i. Ad., stuffed. Ecuador. Mr. Fraser [C.]. m S. W. Ecuador. Mr. Fraser [C.]. n. Her. Sarayacu, Peru. W. Davis, Esq. [C.]. o,p. Yg. Venezuela. g. Her. British Guiana. r 3. Vryheids Lust, Demerara, Rev. W. T. Turner [C.]. s-t. Yg. Surinam, Mr. Bartlett [C. }. U,V, W, X. Surinam. y, 2% Yg. Brazil. a. Ad., stuffed. Pernambuco. J.P.G. Smith, Esq. [P.]. B. Yg. Pernambuco, J.P.G. Smith, Esq. Pd y. g. Recife, Pernambuco. W. A. Forbes, Esq. [P.]. o-n. 2, her., & yg. Bahia. ,u 3 & yg. Upper Amazons. x. Ad., stuffed. —? Capt. Kellet and Lieut. Wood [P.]. r, pw. Ad., stuffed. ——P v,£,0,7,p,5,3 Q. Var. rhinolopha. Iguana rhinolophus, Gray, Cat. p. 186. Iguana rhinolopha, Wiegm. Herp. Mex. p. 44; Dum. & Bibr. iv. p. 207; Sumechrast, Arch. Se. Phys. Nat. xix. 1864, p. 50; Cope, et Am. Phil. Soc. 1869, p. 161; Bocourt, Miss. Sc. Mev., Rept. p. 184. se, ak cornutus (non Daud.), Tyler, Proc. Zool, Soc. 1850, p.106, pl. iii. 35. IGUANA. 191 I regard this form as merely a variety of the preceding, the only difference being the development of two or three of the median scales of the snout, behind the line of the nostrils, into conical, soft tubercles. In adult males these tubercles are more developed and form a small crest, but in some females the crest is quite indistinct, and the young are not always to be surely distinguished from I. tuberculata. I must also observe that some of the specimens (t, s, ¢) which I have referred to the latter show clearly in the scaling of the snout a tendency towards the rhinolopha form, so that there is a gradual passage from the one to the other. The other character which has been given as diagnostic, viz. the number of scales in the dorsal crest (from its origin on the nape to the base of the tail), is hardly of importance. Although there is usually a lesser number of these scales in I. rhinolopha than in I. tuberculata, this distinction is not a reliable one: our series of specimens show variation between 47 and 66 scales in the latter form and between 44 and 58 in the former; and it is remarkable that the specimens of J. tuberculata with subconical scales on the snout give the highest numbers (62 to 66), whereas the specimen of I. rhinolopha in which the rostral tubercles are the least de- veloped has, on the contrary, the smallest number (44). Central America and West Indies. a. Ad., stuffed. St. Lucia, W. Indies. b. Ad., stuffed. Central America. O, Salvin, Esq. [C.]. ce. Yg. Central America. Haslar Collection. d. Ad., stuffed. Mexico. e. Yg. Mexico. f. 3 Cordova, Mexico. g, h. ‘Ad, skins. Cozumel Island, Yucatan. F. D. Godman and O. Salvin, Esqs. [P.]. a Ye. Honduras. : k-l. Ugr. Mazatlan. Hy. A. Forrer fe: ; m,n,o. Ad., skins. Presidio. Hr. A. Forrer [C.]. p. &. Chiapas. O. Salvin, Esq. (C.]. q 3. Pacific coast of C. America. A. Vidler, Esq. [P. |. r. Yg. Pacific coast of Guatemala, O. Salvin, Esq. [C.]. 8. Q. Panama. 9. 2. Iguana delicatissima. Iguana delicatissima, Gray, Cat. p. 187. Iguana delicatissima, Laur. Syn. Rept. p. 48. —— nudicollis, Cuv. R. A. 2nd ed. ii. p.45; Guér. Icon. R. A., Rept. pl. xi. fig. 1; Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 208; Cope, Proc. Am, Phil. Soc. 1869, p. 159. Amblyrhynchus delicatissimus, Wagl. Syst. Amph. p. 148. Differs from J. tuberculata in the following points :—Scales on the occiput more or less conical ; no large shields below the tympanum, but a regular series of large chin-shields, parallel with and much larger than the labials, on each side; only a few triangular com- 192 IGUANIDH, pressed scales in front of the gular appendage, below the chin. Dorso-nuchal crest constantly rather lower. Ventral scales more distinctly keeled. Nineteen or twenty femoral pores on each side. Uniform green or blackish-olive, head yellowish. centim. centim. Total length ...... 121 Fore limb........ 16 Head ce cutee: 7 Hind limb........ 26 Width of head .... 5 AD BAL: ge cravgns aecetece rest 85 BODY ea deows ods d iene 29 West Indies ; Swan Islands; Brazil. a, Ad., stuffed. —-? b @. —? Sir A. Smith [P.]. c,d,e,f,g,h,t. 3,2,&hgr. —P 36. BRACHYLOPHUS. Brachylophes, Cuv, R. A. 2nd ed. ii. p. 40. Brachylophus, Wagler, Syst. Amph. p. 151; Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 225 ; Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 65; Gray, Cat. Liz. p. 187. Iguana, part., Wiegm. Herp. Mex, p. 15. Chloroscartes, Giinth. Proc, Zool. Soc. 1862, p. 188. Tympanum distinct. Body compressed; a dorsal crest; dorsal scales small. Upper head-scales small. A transverse gular fold; male with a gular pouch. Digits compressed, with keeled lamella inferiorly. A short series of femoral pores. Tail long, compressed. Lateral teeth tricuspid; pterygoid teeth. No sternal fontanelle. Abdominal ribs. Fiji and Friendly Islands. 1. Brachylophus fasciatus. Brachylophus fasciatus, Gray, Cat. p. 187. Tguana fasciata, Brongn. Bull. Soc. Philom, ii. 1880, p. 90, pl. vi. fig. 1; Daud. Rept. iii. p. 352. Brachylophus fasciatus, Wagl. l.c.; Guér. Icon. R. A., Rept. pl. ix. fig. 1; Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 226; A. Dum. Cat. Méth. Rept. p. 64; Girard, U.S. Explor. Exped., Herp. p. 374, pl. xviii. figs. 8, 9. Iguana (Brachylophus) fasciatus, Gray, Griff. A. K. ix. Syn. p. 87. Chloroscartes fasciatus, Giinth. Ll. c. p. 189, pl. xxv. Head rather small; snout rounded, with obtuse canthus rostralis ; nostril near the tip of the snout ; tympanum vertically oval, larger than the eye-opening; upper head-scales small, polygonal, smooth, smallest on supraocular region ; occipital not enlarged ; six or seven upper and as many lower labials; mental with median cleft pos- teriorly ; gular region covered with round or oval smooth granules intermixed with smaller ones. Dorso-nuchal crest a feebly serrated ridge, a little more developed on the nape. Dorsal scales minute, equal, keeled ; ventrals larger, though very small, strongly keeled. Limbs covered with uniform small keeled scales ; the adpressed hind 36. BRACHYLOPHUS.—387. CYCLURA. 193 limb reaches the tympanum, or between the latter and the shoulder ; digits long and slender, the third toe strongly denticulated along the inner side of the basal joint. Femoral pores ten to fifteen on each side, forming a short series. Tail strongly compressed at the base, with serrated ridge above, covered with uniform keeled scales which are much larger inferiorly ; the length of the tail at least three times that of head and body. Females uniform dark emerald green above, lighter beneath; males with three broad dark green cross bands on the body, separated by narrow light green bands, and dark and light annuli on the tail. millim. millim Total length ...... 695 Fore limb........ 79 Heads. 44 op chigeiaes 32 Hind limb..... .. 115 Width of head .... 26 SBA ce geod ad 530 Body ose ug e a g 133 Fiji and Friendly Islands. a-b. 6 & yg. Fiji. J. McGillivray, Esq. [C.]. (Types of Chloroscartes fasciatus. ode. Q,her. d,& yg. Fiji. J. McGillivray, Esq. [C.]. fg. SQ. Kandavu, Fiji. H.M.S. ‘ Challenger.’ h. Ad., stuffed. Ovalau, Fiji. i 3. P College of Surgeons. kl. SQ. —? 37. CYCLURA. Cyclura, part., Harlan, Journ. Ac. Philad. iv. 1824, p. 260; Wiegm. Herp. Mex. pp. 15, 41; Dum. § Bibr, iv. p. 214; Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 56. . Cyclura, Gray, Cat, Ixz. p. 190. Tympanum distinct. Body compressed ; a dorsal crest; dorsal scales small. Enlarged scales on the snout. A small gular pouch and a feeble transverse gular fold. Digits compressed, with keeled lamelle inferiorly. A long series of femoral pores. Tail long, com- pressed. Lateral teeth tricuspid; pterygoid teeth. A small sternal fontanelle. A single poststernal rib. West Indies. 1. Cyclura carinata. Cyclura macleayi, Gray, Cat. p. 190. ° —— uubila, Gray, le. collei, Gray, lc. : Catesby, Nat. Hist. Carol. ii. p. 64, pl. Ixiv. Cyclura carinata, Harlan, Journ. Ac. Philad. iv. 1824, pp. 242, 250, pl. xv.; Wiegm. Herp. Mec. p. 42; Cope, Am. Nat. 1885, p. 1006. Iguana cyclura; Cuv. R, A. 2nd ed. it. p. 45. Lacerta nebulosa, Griff. 4. K. ix. pl. —. VOL. 11. 0 194 IGUANIDE, Iguana (Ctenosaura) bellii, Gray, Griff. A. K. ix. Syn. p. 88. —— (Cyclura) carinata, Gray, le. p. 39. (——) nubila, Gray, 1. c. ; Cyclura harlani, Dum. § Bibr.iv. p. 218; Coct. in Sagra, Hist. Cuba, Rept. p. 96, pl. vi. lophoma, Gosse, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848, p. 99, pl. i.; Cope, é.¢. —— baeolopha, Cope, Proc. Ac, Philad. 180], p. 123, and J. ¢. Head large, swollen below the ears, covered with unequal sized scales; snout obtuse, with obtuse canthus rostralis, with several large, more or less convex shields, the arrangement of which varies considerably ; they usually consist of three pairs which are either in contact or separated by small scales ; occipital slightly enlarged ; nostril large, oval, near the end of the snout, pierced in a convex nasal in contact with the large pentagonal rostral ; nine or ten upper and as many lower labials; a row of enlarged keeled infraorbitals, extending to the upper border of the tympanum ; latter large, verti- cally oval. Gular region covered with minute scales, on the sides intermixed with enlarged subconical tubercles; a row of large chin- shields, on each side, the anterior usually in contact with the labials, the others separated from them by smaller scutes. Dorso-nuchal crest rather low, but varying considerably, formed of triangular or lanceolate compressed spines, more or less distinctly lowered or in- terrupted between the shoulders and hind limbs; in a full-grown male, the longest spines (on the nape) measure two thirds the di- ameter of the tympanum. Scales of the body very small, more or less indistinctly keeled, scarcely larger on the belly than on the back. Limbs strong ; digits moderately long, the third toe strongly denti- culated along the inner side of the basal joint. Twenty to twenty- six femoral pores on each side, in a series extending along the whole length of the thigh. Tail long, compressed, crested above, with verticils of keeled scales forming regular segments on the sides, each segment composed of three to five series of smaller scales and a series of larger, slightly spinose ones. Green or dark olive above, speckled with darker and lighter, and with or without more or less distinct blackish transverse bands. centim. centim. Total length ...... 121 Fore limb ...... . 21 Head iets a eae 10°5 Hind limb........ 26 Width ofhead .... 8 Pall. cea cgeaase aa 70 Body ie ars ga) hharats 40°5 Bahamas ; Cuba; Jamaica. a. Her. Cuba. W, S. Macleay, Esq. [P.]. (Type of C. macleay?.) . Ad., stuffed. Jamaica. R. Hill, Esq. [P.]. (Type of C. lophoma.) c. Ad., stuffed. Jamaica. Haslar Collection. (Type of C. collet.) d, Ad., stuffed. Jamaica. J. H. Gurney, Esq. [P.]. o Ad., stuffed. Jamaica. Dr. McNab & T. Bland, Esq. [P.}. 37. cycLURA.—88. crenosauRA. 195 f- Ye. —-? (Type of C. nubila.) q hee aed — : Haslar Collection. a ., stuffed. —! i, Skull. — Sir E. Belcher [P.]. 38. CTENOSAURA. Cyclura, part., Harlan, Journ. Ac. Philad. iv. 1824, p. 250; Wiegm. Herp. Mex. pp. 15, 41; Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 214; Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 56, Ctenosaura, Wiegm. Isis, 1828, p. 3871; Fitzing. 1. e. 3 Gray, Cat. Liz. p. 191; Bocourt, Miss, Sc. Mex., Rept. p. 186. Enyaliosaurus, Gray, J. c. p. 192. Tympanum distinct. Body scarcely compressed ; a dorsal crest ; dorsal scales small. Upper head-scales small, A very strong trans- verse gular fold ; no gular pouch. Digits compressed, with keeled lamelle inferiorly. A short series of femoral pures, Tail more or less spinose. Lateral teeth tricuspid; pterygoid teeth. A small sternal fontanelle. A single poststernal rib. Central America. Synopsis of the Species. Lateral caudal spines not stronger than upper........... eiuenins Bed 1. acanthura, p. 195. Lateral caudal spines the strongest ; tail feebly depressed at the base .. 2. hemilopha, p. 197. Lateral’ caudal spines the strongest ; tail strongly depressed at the base. 3. quinquecarinatu, p. 198. 1, Ctenosaura acanthura. Ctenosaura acanthura, Gray, Cat. p. 191. pectinata, Gray, lc. Lacerta acanthura, Shaw, Zool. iii, p. 216. Uromastix acanthurus, Merr. Tent. p. 56. Cyclura teres, Harlan, Journ. Ac. Philad. iv, 1824, pp. 246, 250, pl. xvi.; Wiegm. Herp, Mex. p. 43. _ acanthura, Gray, Phil. Mag. (2) iii. 1827, p. 55; Dum. & Bibr. iv. p. 222; Sumichrast, Arch. Sc. Phys, Nat. xix. 1864, p. 49; Giinth, Biol. C.--Am., Rept. p. 56. Ctenosaura cycluroides, Wiegm. Isis, 1828, p. 871; Bocourt, Miss. Se. Mex., Rept. p. 143. - : Iguana (Ctenosaura) cycluroides, Gray, Grif. A. K, ix. Syn. p. 87. —— (——) acanthura, Gray, 1. c. p. 38. —— (——) armata, Gray, loc. , — ( ) similis, Gray, J. ¢. —— (——) lanceolata, Gray, l. ec. —— (Cyclura) teres, Gray, /. ¢. p. 39. > Cyclura pectinata, Wiegm. Herp. Mex, p. 42, pl. ii.; Dum. & Bibr, iv. p. 221. to 196 IGUANIDE. Cyclura articulata, Wiegm. 1. c. p, 43. —— denticulata, Wiegm. 1. ¢. pl. iii. Ctenosaura pectinata, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1866, p.124; Bocourt, le. p. 140. teres, Bocourt, l. e. p. 142. . — completa, Bocourt, l. c. p. 145. Scales on the body small, smaller, or scarcely smaller on the back than on the belly ; the dorsal scales may be perfectly smooth or ob- tusely keeled. Dorsal crest more or less developed, continuous with the caudal or interrupted on the sacrum. Tail cylindrical or feebly compressed, with annuli of more or less strongly spinose large scales separated by rings of smaller scales; the latter may be almost smooth or strongly keeled. Four to eight femoral pores on each side. Greyish, brownish, olive, or green, darker above, with blackish variegations usually forming more or less regular cross bands on the body and rings on the tail; some specimens (e-/) entirely blackish. millim. millim Total length ....., 680 Fore limb........ 105 Heads sisi dsgorwe ans y sis 60 Hind limb........ 170 Width of head .... 44 Hail: orcs bleed otek i 410 Body ............ 210 Lower California and Central America. The specimens enumerated hereafter under C. acanthura perhaps belong to two or more distinct species; and the fact is, that the dif- ference between an adult male of the true C. acanthura and one of C. completa is great, too great perhaps to justify the course I follow. However, as I fail to find any constant peculiarities enabling me to draw satisfactory diagnoses, I have provisionally united the various forms, leaving to future workers to decide whether I am right or wrong. A. Specimens representing L. acanthura of Shaw, C. pectinata and cycluroides of Wiegmann, and C. pectinata and teres of Bocourt. Dorsal and subtibial scales very small, the former smooth or very obtusely keeled; caudal spines moderate; two or three series of smaller, smooth or feebly keeled scales between the sixth and seventh verticils of spines. a. Her. California. Type). b, ¢, : Ad., stuffed. Mexico. (Type) ef. 3. Mexico. Mr. Geale [C.}. ,A. 9, stuffed. Putla, Mexico. whe oo. Mazatlan. Hr. Forrer [C.]. 1, m,n. Ad., skins. Presidio. Hy. Forrer [C.}. o. Yg. Presidio. Hr. Forrer [C.), p-r,s-u. 3, 9, hgr,&yg. Tres Marias Islands, Hr. Forrer [C.]. v. Ye. Ciudad. Hr. Forrer [C.). w-«, Hgr. & yg. Ventanas, Hr, Forrer [C.}. 38. crENOSAUBA. 197 y-2z, a-B. Yg. Vera Cruz. y. Her., stuffed. Tehuantepec. 6-e. Yg. Tehuantepec. B. Scales on the body and limbs as in the preceding; caudal spines stronger, the verticils, from the sixth and seventh, separated from each other by a single series of nearly smooth scales. ¢. Ad., stuffed. Mexico. C. Apparently the C. cyclwroides and completa of Bocourt. Dorsal scales larger, more distinctly keeled ; scales on lower surface of leg rather larger ; caudal spines usually stronger, the spinose verticils separated from each other by two or threo series of smaller, strongly keeled scales. n Q. Chiapas. O. Salvin, Esq. [P.]. 6. 9, stuffed. Belize. « Her. Belize. x. 3, stuffed. Honduras. A. Ye. Honduras. pw, v, &. Hgr. & yg. —? D. Dorsal scales intermediate as to size between A and C, distinctly keeled ; scales on lower surface of leg as small as in A; caudal scales as in C. om SQ. Colon. 2. Ctenosaura hemilopha. Iguana (Cyclura) acanthura (non Shaw), Blainv. Nouv. Ann. Mus. iv. 1835, p. 288, pl. xxiv. fig. 1. Cyclura acanthura, part., Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 222. —— (Ctenosaura) hemilopha, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1863, p. 105. Ctenosaura acanthura, Bocourt, Miss. Sc. Mex., Rept. p. 188. — interrupta (Duges), Bucourt, Le Natur. 1882, p. 47. Scales on the body very small, smaller on the back than on the belly, smooth. Dorso-nuchal crest extending to the sacrum in the male, not beyond the anterior two thirds of the back in the female, not continuous with caudal. Tail depressed at the base, above with alternate rings of large spinose and small smooth scales ; only the first four whorls of spines separated from one another by two or three series of smaller scales; the spines on the vertebral line strong and forming a crest, but less developed than those on the sides; scales on lower surface of tail narrow and keeled, each segment, beginning from the seventh, composed of only two rings of scales. Five femoral pores. Olive-grey or green above, sides, sacral region, and limbs, with fine dark brown network ; back with 198 IGUANIDE. darker cross bands, of which a narrow one between the shoulders and two broader ones behind it are black; lower surfaces whitish ; lower lip with vertical dark brown bars; throat marbled with brown ; belly and lower surface of limbs with round dark brown spots. Lower California. a. Her. 9. California. M. Botta [C.]. Paris Museum [E.]. (One of the types of C. interrupta.) 6. Her. og. —-P Zoological Society. 3. Ctenosaura quinquecarinata. Enyaliosaurus quinquecarinatus, Gray, Cat. p. 192. Cyclura quinquecarinata, Gray, Zool. Misc. p. 59. (Ctenosaura) quinquecarinata, Cope, Proc. Am. Phil. Soc. 1869, p- 161. Ctenosaura (Enyalosaurus) quinquecarinata, Bocourt, Miss. Sc. Mez., Rept. p. 138, and Le Natur. 1882, p. 47. Scales on posterior part of back a little larger than on the belly, rhomboidal, obtusely keeled. Dorso-nuchal crest very low, extend- ing to the sacrum. Outer side of tibia with large spinose scales. Tail scarcely longer than head and body, much depressed in its an- terior third, cylindrical posteriorly ; its upper surface with alternate rings of larger and smaller scales, the central, and especially the two lateral series of the former, very large and spinose ; its lower surface with transverse series of smaller, pointed, keeled scales. Six femoral pores on each side. Yellowish-olive above, with a dark brown net- work and more or less indistinct transverse cross bands ; lower sur- faces yellowish, uniform or spotted with brown. millim. moillim Total length ...... 387 Fore limb ........ 55 Head castes nese 35 Hind limb........ 100 Width of head .... 26 JU ewer re te 205 Ody: sctinetes seus 147 Isthmus of Tehuantepec. a. Ad., stuffed. P (Type.) 2. Ad., stuffed. Zanatepec, Tehuantepec. e. Q. Oaxaca. 39. CACHRYX. Cachryx, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1866, p. 124; Bocourt, Mi Mex., Rept. p. 148, ae : rere Tympanum distinct. Body a little compressed ; no dorsal crest ; dorsal scales small. Upper head-scalessmall. A very strong trans- verse gular fold; no gular pouch. Digits compressed, with keeled 39. cacuRYX.—40. HOPLOCERCUS. 199 lamelle inferiorly, A short series of femoral pores, Tail very short, flattened, with whorls of large spines on its upper surface. Lateral teeth tricuspid. Yucatan, 1. Cachryx defensor. Cachryx defensor, Cope, 7. v., and Proc, Am. Phil. Soe. 1869, pl. x.; Bocourt, lc. Head longer than broad ; loreal region concave; nostril on canthus rostralis, lateral ; tympanum as large as the eye, without marginal serrations ; upper head-scales small, uniform, a little enlarged on the snout ; no enlarged occipital. Sides of neck plicate. Scales of body small, slightly imbricate, homogeneous, smooth, in transverse and oblique longitudinal series, larger on the rump, smaller on the sides ; a slightly larger vertebral series ; ventral scales smooth, as large as dorsals. Scales of fore limb moderate, some of those of femur and tibia much larger, spiniferous. Digits short. Femoral pores six to nine. Tail shorter than the body ; caudal whorls fif- teen, the scales below narrowed, keeled, the carina prolonged into a flat spine; spiniferous superior whorls seven, spines nearly erect, those of the median row smaller. Bright olivaceous; shoulder and two bands on humerus, and the anterior part of dorsum, with inter- scapular region, black, the latter with two cross series of green spots, more or less distinct on the whole body in younger specimens ; in older specimens median dorsal region bright rufous. millim. millim. Total length .......... 215 From snout to vent .. 127 From snout to gular fold 41 Fore limb .......... 54 Yucatan. 40. HOPLOCERCUS. Hoplocercus, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 78; A. Dum. Arch. Mus. viii. 61 Berhycoretts (Duges & Brac.), A. Dum. Rev. § Mag. Zool. vi. 1854, p. 558. Tympanum distinct. Body depressed; no dorsal crest; dorsal lepidosis heterogeneous. Upper head-scales small. A strong trans- verse gular fold; no gular sac. Digits compressed, with keeled lamell inferiorly. A few femoral pores. Tail short or moderate, flat, or cylindrical, with whorls of spinose scales. Lateral teeth tri- cuspid ; pterygoid teeth. No sternal fontanelle. Abdominal ribs. South America. 1. Hoplocercus spinosus. Hoplocercus spinosus, Fitzing. 1.c.; A. Dum, 1. c. p. 562. Pachycercus aculeatus (Dugées § Brac.), A. Dum, lc. pp. 239, 661, pl. xi. 290 IGUANID.E. Head longer than broad; loreal region perpendicular; nostril below the canthus rostralis, a little nearer the orbit than the end of the snout ; tympanum a little larger than the eye-opening, without marginal denticulation. Upper head-scales very small, convex, obtusely keeled; occipital scarcely enlarged. Sides and lower surface of neck strongly plicate. Body slightly depressed, strongly plicate on the sides. Dorsal scales small, irregular, obtusely keeled, juxtaposed, intermixed with larger, obtusely keeled or spinose tu- bercles forming irregular transverse series; lateral scales minute, granular, intermixed with small tubercles ; ventral scales squarish, smooth, larger than dorsals. Gular scales granular. Limbs short ; the adpressed hind limb reaches the axilla; some large spinose tubercles on the femur and tibia; digits short. Three to five femoral pores on each side. Tail about as long as the distance be- tween the end of the snout and the fore limb, flat, as broad as the body, ending in a point; the scales on its upper surface of unequal size, rugose, keeled and spinose, with a series of larger ones along the middle; largest of all, forming long curved spines, are the scales of the outer series on each side; infracaudal scales small, smooth, like the ventrals. Brown above, spotted with blackish and yel- lowish ; an oblique yellowish band on the shoulder; lower surfaces whitish ; middle of belly and a J-shaped figure on the throat black. millim. millim Total length ...... 137 Fore limb........ 34 Head............ 26 Hind limb........ 47 Width of head .... 18 Wal, 2 sos piensa 44 Body ie natant sani 67 Brazil. a,b. Ad. stuffed, St. Paul. ce. Skin. 8. America, Sir A. Smith [P.]. dd. S. America. 2. Hoplocercus annularis. Hoplocercus annularis, O'Shaughn. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1881, p. 244, pl. xxv. fig. 2. Upper head-scales small, convex, smooth, a little enlarged and flat on supraocular regions; no distinct occipital. Dorsal and lateral scales finely granular, intermixed with obtusely keeled sub- oval tubercles, forming longitudinal series on the back and irregular vertical series down the flanks. Limbs with large conical tubercles ; the adpressed hind limb reaches the ear; digits moderately elongate, Two femoral pores on each side. Tail a little longer than head and hody, cylindrical, regularly encircled by whorls of largo spinose 40. wopLocercts,—41. pipsosauRUs. 201 tubercles, alternating with severa] series of minute scales; sub- caudal scales less unequal and keeled. Brown, with transverse blackish bands on the back; an oblique yellowish band on the shoulder ; lower surfaces brownish white, neck dark brown. millim, millim Total length ...... 141 Fore limb ........ 26 Head............ 17 Hind limb........ 42 Width of head .... 12 Daal. sarin em ita sees 80 Body ize aie iad Youths 44 Ecuador. ad. Canelos. Mr. Buckley [C.]. (Type.) 41. DIPSOSAURUS. Dipsosaurus, Hallow. Proc. Ac, Philad. 1854, p. 92; Bocourt, Miss. Sc. Mex., Rept. p. 146. Tympanum distinct. Body subcylindrical ; a small dorsal crest ; dorsal scales small. Upper head-scales small. A strong transverse gular fold; no gular pouch. Digits compressed, with keeled lamella inferiorly. A long series of femoral pores. Tail long, cylindrical. Lateral teeth tricuspid; pterygoid teeth. No sternal fontanelle. No abdominal ribs. South-western North America. 1. Dipsosaurus dorsalis. Crotaphytus dorsalis, Baird § Gir, Proc. Ac, Philad, 1852, p. 126. Dipsosaurus dorsalis, Hallow. . v., and Rep. U.S. Expl. Surv. xiii. pt. iv. p. 7, pl. vi. fig. 1; Baerd, U.S. Mex. Bound. Surv., Herp. pl. xxxii. figs. 7-13 ; Bocourt, lc. Snout short, with obtuse canthus rostralis ; nostril lateral, verti- cally elliptic, nearer the end of the snout than the orbit; upper head-scales small, smooth, convex on the forehead and snout ; supra- ocular scales smaller still; an elongate infraorbital scute; labials small; anterior border of ear denticulated. A dorsal crest of slightly enlarged keeled scales. Dorsal scales small, keeled, rhom- boidal, juxtaposed, the keels oblique, directed towards the dorsal line; ventral scales imbricate, smooth. Digits moderately long. Twenty-two or twenty-four femoral pores on each side. Tail [twice as long as head and body ] covered with equal small keeled scales, forming rings, and a median series of larger scales, forming a serrated ridge. Brownish above, with black reticulation enclosing whitish sub- circular spots on the sides; tail semiannulated with darker and lighter; lower surfaces white, the throat with narrow, oblique bluish streaks. 202 IGUANIDE, millim. millim. Total length (tail re- Body ag 45cmcn noes 109 produced) ...... 300 Fore limb ........ 52 Mead sco ed ce vate es 26 Hind limb........ 98 Width of head .... 21 Lower California to Arizona. ad. La Paz, California. Smithsonian Institution [P.]. 42, SAUROMALUS. Sauromalus, 4, Dum. Arch, Mus. viii. p. 535; Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1864, p.177; Bocourt, Miss. Sc. Mex., Rept. p. 149. Euphryne, Baird, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1858, p. 253. Tympanum distinct. Body depressed; no dorsal crest; dorsal scales small. Upper head-scales small. A strong transverse gular fold; no gular pouch. Digits with tubercularly keeled lamelle inferiorly. A long series of femoral pores. Tail rather short, cylin- drical. Lateral teeth tricuspid; no pterygoid teeth (?). South-western North America. 1. Sauromalus ater. Sauromalus ater, A. Dum.l. ¢. p. 536, pl. xxiii. fig. 3; Bocourt, 1. ce. pl. xvii. bis. fig. 11. Euphryne obesus, Buird, i.e. and U.S. Mex, Bound. Surv., Rept. pl. xxvii. Habit stout, head and body much depressed. Snout narrowed, obtuse ; nostril a little nearer the end of the snout than the orbit, directed upwards and slightly outwards; upper head-scales small, smooth, a little enlarged on the snout; occipital not enlarged ; labials small; four conical scales forming a strong denticulation on the anterior edge of the ear. Sides of neck strongly plicate, with some large conical scales. Flanks longitudinally plicate; a slight median groove along the back. Dorsal scales small, squarish, smooth, forming regular transverse series; flanks granulate; ventral scales smooth, a little smaller than dorsals. Limbs strong, covered with scales larger than those on the body ; they are smooth on the arms and thighs, tubercular on the forearms and legs ; digits short. Fourteen or fifteen femoral pores on each side. Tail scarcely longer than head and body, cylindrical, depressed at the base, covered with moderate-sized, equal, keeled, slightly spinose scales arranged in verticils. Yellowish brown or olive-green, head and limbs some- what lighter; back dotted with black, with five broad transverse bars in the ‘young. millim. millim. From snout to vent 128 Parl ses bia ee 132 Head y.5 ksh ew eae 24 Lower California and Sonora. 43. cROTAPHYTUS. 203 43. CROTAPHYTUS*. Crotaphytus, Holbr. N. Amer. Herp.ii.p.79; Baird & Gir. in Stansd. Exped. Gr. Salt Lake, p. 339; Bocourt, Miss, Sc. Mex., Rept. p. 153. Leiosaurus, part., 4. Dum. Arch. Mus. viii. p. 532, Tympanum distinct. Body depressed; no dorsal crest; dorsal scales small, Upper head-scales small. A transverse gular fold; no gular pouch. Digits with sharply keeled lamellx inferiorly. A long series of femoral pores. Tail long, cylindrical. Lateral teeth tricuspid; pterygoid teeth. No sternal fontanelle. No ab- dominal ribs. Southern North America. 1. Crotaphytus collaris. Agama collaris, Say, in Long’s Exped. Rocky Mount. ii. p. 262; Harlan, Med. Phys. Res. p. 142, pl. —. tig. 4. Crotaphytus collaris, Holbr. lc. pl. x.; Wied, Nov. Act. Ac. Leop.- Car, xxxil. 1865, p. 58; Baad, Tep. US. Expl. Surv. xiii. pt. iii. p. 17, pl. xxiv. fig. 1; Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1866, p. 302; Bocourt, l. ce. p. 154, pl. xvii. bis. figs. 5, 6. Leiosaurus collaris, 4. Dum. 1. ¢. Head large, much depressed, very distinct from neck, especially in the males, in which it bears resemblance to that of Gecko verti- cillatus; nostril large, turned upwards and outwards, a little nearer the end of the snout than the orbit; ear-opening large, vertically reniform ; scales on the snout a little enlarged, irregular, convex ; a series of enlarged supraorbital scales, in contact or fusing with each other between the orbits; supraocular scales small; back of the head with small granules; occipital not enlarged; labials very small; a serics of enlarged infraorbital scales, very variable in number and in size, the median one sometimes much elongate, owing to the fusion of two or three scales. Throat covered with small granules, which are slightly enlarged and flat in front of the gular told. Sides of the neck strongly plicate. Dorsal scales uni- form small. juxtaposed granules ; ventral scales larger, flat, hexa- gonal. Limbs long; the adpressed hind limb reaches the eye or the tip of the snout; digits rather long. Seventeen to twenty femoral pores on each side. Tail slender, cylindrical, nearly twice as long as head and body, covered with uniform, small, smooth or feebly keeled scales. Brownish or olive above, back guttate with whitish ; two parallel oblique black bands on each side across scapular region, usually separated on the median line of the nape; lower surfaces white; throat frequently spotted with grey. + Crotaphytus reticulatus Baird, Prce. Ac. Philad. 1858, p. 253.—Texas. Crotaphytus copeit, Yarrow, Proc. U.S, Nat. Mus. v. 1882, p. 441.— La Paz, Oalifornia. 204 IGUANIDE. d: 2. millim. millim, Total length .......... 302 306 Ca is ee decs gaat as 31 mi Width of head ........ 27 22 Ody” serio ee srecees aerate att 76 73 Fore limb ............ 44 41 Hind limb ............ 90 82 MPAA, | near iceatantte Ge ssaaale 195 206 Southern and Central United States ; North Mexico. a-e. SQ. N, Texas. E. D. Cope, Esq. [E.]. ied: Creek Boundary. g. Q. Colorado. W. Treharne, Esq. [P.]. 2. Crotaphytus wislezenii. Crotaphytus wislezenii, Baird § Gir. Proc. Ac. Philad. 1852, p. 69, and in Stansbury’s Exped. Gr. Salt Lake p. 340, pl. iii., and U.S. Mex, Bound. Surv., Rept. p. 7, pl. xxxi.; Bocourt, Miss. Se, Mex., Rept. p. 155, pl. xvii. bis. fig. 4. —— gambelii, ated & Gir. Proc. Ac. Philad. 1852, p. 126. asciatus, Hallow. Proc. Ac, Philad. 1852, p. 206, and in Sit- greave’s Exped. Zuni § Color. Riv. p. 115, pl. v. Leiosaurus hallowellii, 4. Dum. Arch. Mus. viii. p. 583. This species differs from C. collaris in the following points :— Head smaller and narrower; nostril more lateral; upper head- scales smaller, those bordering the orbit above not differentiated, in three or four longitudinal series on the interorbital region; a much elongate scute below the orbit. Male with enlarged postanal scales. Coloration very variable; no black collar. The specimens in the collection are greyish brown above, with large round brown spots and narrow transverse light (vermilion) bands on the back, limbs, and tail; lower surfaces white, throat spotted or streaked with grey. e 2. millim. millim. Total length .......... 314 255 MY 6a dh. sh sec tece Mew ciel sae 26 26 Width of head ........ 20 20 BOOY Go. 2a ak gecberng vend 78 79 Fore limb ............ 43 44 Hind limb ............ 85 87 of AE ene ere ee 210 150 Western North America, from Oregon to North Mexico. a. Yg. Oregon. b-c. SQ. Fresno, California. Smithsonian Institution [P.]. d. Q. California. 44, pETROSAURUS.—45. CALLISAURUS. 205 44, PETROSAURUS. Tympanum distinct. Body depressed; no dorsal crest; dorsal scales small, granular, smooth, uniform. Upper head-scales a little enlarged, occipital very large. Two strong transverse gular folds without denticulation; no gular sac. Digits with keeled lamelle inferiorly. A long series of femoral pores. Tail long, feebly de- pressed. Lateral teeth tricuspid; no pterygoid teeth. A sternal fontanelle. No abdominal ribs. Lower Calfornia. 1. Petrosaurus thalassinus. Uta thalassina, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1863, p. 104. Head rather small, snout narrowed; nostril large, superior, equally distant from the orbit and the end of the snout; ear- opening large, oval, with a denticulated lobe of skin anteriorly ; head-scales smooth; a single scale in the middle between the orbits ; three longitudinal series of supraocular scales, surrounded by granules ; occipital nearly as large as the tympanum; a large infraorbital; upper labials seven or eight, very low; lower labials larger. Throat granular, with two strong transverse folds, the anterior forming a small pouch on each side; a third, less marked, anterior fold; sides of neck strongly plicate. Dorsal and lateral scales uniform small, convex, smooth granules; ventrals larger, flat, squarish or hexagonal. Limbs moderate, with larger keeled scales; the adpressed hind limb reaches the tympanum ; digits strong, com- pressed. Sixteen or seventeen femoral pores on each side. Tail slightly depressed, slender, covered with rings of small, squarish, obliquely keeled scales ; its length once and a half that of head and body. Olive above, fore limbs and anterior part of back with a fine black network; back with transverse series of pale greenish spots alternating with dark cross bands, of which the three anterior are of an intense black, bordered with pale greenish posteriorly ; tail with darker and lighter cross bars; lower surfaces greenish white, throat blackish. millim millim Total length ...... 311 Fore limb ........ 52 Head .-sccec ees ds 30 Hind limb........ 81 Width of head.... 23 Pail 2 edans sg areca te aeyies, 185 Body ie Varese oats 96 Lower California. ao. Cape St. Lucas. Smithsonian Institution [P.]. 45, CALLISAURUS. Callisaurus, Blainv. Nowy. Ann. Mus, iv. 1835, p. 286; Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 824; Gray, Cat, Liz. p. 226; Bocourt, Miss. Sc. Mex., Rept. 158, p- 206 IGUANID.E. Megadactylus, Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 59. Homalosaurus, Hallow, Proc, Ac. Philad. 1852, p. 179. Tympanum distinct. Body depressed; no dorsal crest; dorsal scales small, uniform. Upper head-scales small, occipital very large. Two transverse gular folds, the posterior with denticulated border; no gular pouch. Digits with sharply keeled lamelle inferiorly. A long series of femoral pores. Tail rather short, de- pressed. Lateral teeth indistinctly tricuspid; no pterygoid teeth. A large sternal fontanelle. No abdominal ribs. South-western North America. 1. Callisaurus draconoides. Callisaurus draconoides, Gray, Cat. p. 227. Callisaurus draconoides, Blainv. 1. c. p. 286, pl. xxiv. fig. 2; Dum. & Bibr. p. 326; Bocourt, . c. p. 158, pl. xvii. bis. fig. 10. Megadactylus draconoides, Fitzng. f. c, p. 60. Homalosaurus ventralis, Hallow. lc. p. 179, and in Sitgreave’s Exped. Zunt & Color. Riv. p. 117, pl. vi. Callisaurus ventralis, Baird, U.S. Mex. Bound, Surv., Rept. p. 8. Head small, much depressed, upper lip projecting; nostril large, superior; ear-opening large, vertically oval. Head-scales small, irregular and smooth, largest on the snout; occipital large, a little broader than long ; a large infraorbital scale ; upper labials rather large and oblique. Dorsal scales uniform small juxtaposed granules; ventral scales larger, flat, squarish or subhexagonal, smooth. A slight fold along each side. Limbs very long; the adpressed hind limb reaches the tip of the snout, or beyond; digits long. Sixteen or seventeen femoral pores on.each side. Male with enlarged post- anal scules. Tail long and slender, depressed, covered with small smooth scales. Greyish above, dotted with white; tail and limbs with angular dark cross bands; a white and blackish streak along the hind side of the thighs; lower surfaces white ; a bluish band (males) on each side of the belly, crossed by two [or three] oblique black spots ; lower surface of tail with transverse black spots. millim. millim. Total length (tail reproduced) 155 Body” seu gs 76 Gad psi eye eins irate e'se ahas 18 Fore limb . 45 Width of head............ 18 Hind limb... 77 California to Texas. a=b. S. —?P Smithsonian Institution [P.]. 46. UMA. Uma, Baird, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1858, p. 2583; Cope, eod. loc, 1866, p. 310 “ Ears distinct. A very long infraorbital plate. Palate without teeth. Outer face of upper labials plane and broadly vertical; the labials themselves much imbricated, and very oblique. Scales of 46. uma.—47. HOLBROOKIA. 207 body above equal, much smaller than ventral ones. Interorbital space with two series of plates. Claws very long, slender and straight. Sides with a round black spot. Tail?” According to Cope, “ this genus is distinguished from Callisaurus by the presence of a series of spines, movable on their bases, on the outer margin of the foot.” Arizona. 1. Uma notata. Uma notata, Bazrd, 1. “Head about two fifths the head and body. Above light pea- green, spotted with darker green. Beneath white. Head and body about two inches long.” Mohave Desert. 47, HOLBROOKIA. Holbrookia, Girard, Proc, Am. Assoc, Adv, Se, iv. 1851, p. 201, and in Stansbury’s Exped, Gir. Salt Lake, p. 341; A. Dum. Arch. Mus. viii. p. 545 ; Bocourt, Miss, Sc. Mex., Rept. p. 160. Cophosaurus, Troschel, Arch. f. Nat. 1850*, p. 389. Tympanum concealed. Body depressed ; no dorsal crest; dorsal scales small, uniform. Upper head-scales small, occipital large. Two strong transverse gular folds, the posterior with denticulated edge; no gular pouch. Digits with sharply keeled lamelle in- feriorly. A long series of femoral pores. ‘Tail rather short, sub- cylindrical. Lateral teeth subconical; no pterygoid teeth. A large sternal fontanelle. No abdominal ribs. Southern North America. Synopsis of the Species. J. The adpressed hind limb reaches the tip of the snout; foot nearly as long as the distance between the axil and the groin. Tail much flattened, with black spots in- fEPIOLY 2:90 te ROT ROS PEERS ey wea es 1. tevana, p. 208. Tail roundish, immaculate inferiorly ; tibia not longer than the distance between the end of the snout and the antepectoral fold; a pair of black spots on each side of the Belly veer es ete edd Bae ewee cee ene 2. propingua, p. 208. Tail roundish, immaculate inferiorly ; tibia longer than the distance between the end of the snout and the antepectoral fold; no spots on the sides of the belly .......... 3. elegans, p. 209, II. The adpressed hind limb does not reach the eye; foot measuring one half to two thirds the distance between the axil and the groin. * Issued 1852, 208 IGUANID.E. One or two black latero-ventral spots, none under theta. i cece ae ss eean nears es 4. maculata, p. 209. No black spots on sides; under surface of tail black-spotted .... 20... 00... eee eee 5. lacerata, p. 209. 1. Holbrookia texana. Cophosaurus texanus, Trosch. Arch. f. Nat. 1850, p. 389, pl. vi. Helbrookie texana, Baird & Gir. Proc. Ac. Philad. 1852, p. 125, and U.S. Mex. Bound. Surv. Rept. p. 8, pl. xxx.; Bocourt, Miss. Se. Mex., Rept. p. 163; Cope, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus, no. 17, 1880, p. 14. — aflinis, Baird § Gir. ll. ec.; Boe. le. Head small, much depressed ; nostril large, superior ; head-scales flat, smooth; occipital broader than long; a large infraorbital ; upper labials six or seven, oblique. Dorsal scales minute, hexagonal, flat, smooth; ventrals much larger. Edge of the gular fold very feebly denticulated. Limbs long; the adpressed hind limb reaches the end of the snout; foot as long as the distance between axilla and groin, Twelve to fourteen femoral pores on each side. Male with enlarged postanal scales. Tail strongly depressed, slightly longer than head and body. Pale grey above, with darker grey and white markings; lower surfaces white ; throat and a large patch on each side of the belly, blue in the male, the latter crossed by two crescentic black bands; tail with a series of black transverse spots inferiorly ; a dark streak along the hind side of the thighs. millim. millim. Total length ...... 115 Fore limb ........ 29 Head te seule wary 12 Hind limb........ 48 Width of head .... 10 aah: grit a sh-eeecvsce ts 60 Body eas vee ee dus 43 Texas to California ; Northern Mexico. a. 3. N. Texas. E. D. Cope, Esq. [E.]. 2. Holbrookia propinqua. Holbrookia propinqua, Baird § Gir. Proc. Ac. Philad. 1852, p. 126; Bocourt, Miss. Se. Mex., Rept. p. 162; Cope, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 17, 1880, p. 15. Intermediate between H. tewana and H. maculata, Head and general scaling as in the latter ; limbs as in the former. Tail sub- cylindrical [longer than head and body}. Fifteen or sixteen femoral pores on each side. Grey above, sides dotted with white; a series of large angular dark spots on each side of the vertebral line; a pair of bluish-black spots on each side of the belly; tail immaculate inferiorly ; a dark streak along the hind side of the thighs. From snout to vent 51 millim., hind limb 46 millim. Texas and Mexico. ad. Presidio, W. Mexico, Hr. A, Forrer [C.}. A7. HOLBROOKIA. 209 3. Holbrookia elegans. Holbrookia elegans, Bocourt, Miss. Sc. Mex., Rept. p. 164, pl. xvii. bis. fig. 8. Supraccular scales subequal ; occipital as long as broad. Dorsal scales keeled. Tibia longer than the distance between the end of the snout and the gular fold. Greyish above, with four longitudinal series of angular brown spots on each side of the vertebral line; those of the upper series largest and white-edged ; a blackish streak along the hind side of the thighs; lower surfaces yellowish, no lateral or caudal spots. Mazatlan. 4, Holbrookia maculata. Holbrookia maculata, Girard, Proc. Am. Assoc. Adv. Sc. iv. 1851, p. 201, and in Stansbury’s Exped. Gr, Salt Lake, p. 342, pl. iv. figs, 1-3; dA. Dum. Arch, Mus. viii. p. 546; Bocourt, Miss, Se. Mezx., Rept. p. 161, pl. xvii. bis. fig. 7; Cope, Bull. US. Nat. Mus. no. 17, 1880, p. 15. —— approximans, Baird, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1858, p. 253; Bocourt, le. p. 163. Head relatively a little larger than in H. tevana; upper head- scales more convex ; occipital as long as broad, or a little broader than long ; upper labials very narrow and very oblique, five or six. Dorsal scales not quite so small, granular or subhexagonal, smooth or feebly keeled. Edge of the gular fold strongly denticulated. Limbs shorter ; the adpressed hind limb does not reach the eye; foot measuring one half to two thirds the distance between axilla and groin. Eleven to fifteen femoral pores on each side. Male with enlarged postanal scales. Tail subcylindrical, shorter than head and body. Grey above, vertebral region frequently lighter, with a series of large darker spots on each side; sometimes with scattered whitish dots ; one or two black spots on each side of the belly. millim. millim. Total length ...... 104 Fore limb........ 24 Head: 2.x crs avec 12 Hind limb........ 39 Width of head .... 11 Pail, oss nae ve oe 49 Body iss saa vies 43 Southern United States; North Mexico. a-b. 9. Cherokees, Tennessee. c-d. 2. Kansas. ef. S92. N. Texas. E. D. Cope, Esq. [E.}. g-h,t. SQ. Mexico. 5. Holbrookia lacerata. Holbrookia lacerata, Cope, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 17, 1880, p. 15. Allied to H. maculata. Tail cylindrical, a little longer than the VOL. II. P 210 IGUANIDE. body. Hind foot short, less than one third of head and body. Six or eight supraocular scales surrounded by granules; scales of snout tubercular; labials less elongate, five oblique, one flat. Femoral pores twelve or thirteen. Colour light brown, with six pairs of transverse dark brown bars between the scapular region and groin, which extend downwards and backwards on the abdomen; their posterior border is serrate or digitate, and edged with yellowish, producing a variegated pattern; a pale band on inferior part of side, which is crossed by the ends of the lateral spots; no bluish- black spots on the sides of the belly ; trausverse bluish-black spots on the inferior side of the tail. Texas. 48. UTA. Uta, Baird § Gir. in Stansb. Exped. Gr. Salt Lake, p. 344. Urosaurus, Hallow. Proc. Ac. Philad. 1854, p. 92. Phymatolepis, 4. Dum. Arch. Mus. viii. p.548; Bocourt, Miss, Se. Mex., Rept. p. 165. Tympanum distinct. Body depressed; no dorsal crest ; dorsal scales small, keeled, uniform or heterogeneous. Upper head-scales enlarged, occipital very large. A strong transverse gular fold, with denticulated edge ; a second anterior fold sometimes present. Digits with keeled lamelle inferiorly. Femoral pores. Tail moderate, subcylindrical, covered with large keeled scales. Lateral teeth tri- cuspid ; no pterygoid teeth. A large sternal fontanelle. No ab- dominal ribs. North America and Mexico. In all the species the head is relatively small, the snout short, with angular canthus ; nostril superior, near the end of the snout ; upper head-scales smooth. The digits are slender and pectinate inferiorly. Males possess enlarged postanal scales. Synopsis of the Species. I. Dorsal scales uniform, larger than those on the flanks. Dorsal scales minute, a little larger than those on the sides .............00. 1. stansburiana, p. 211. Dorsal scales much larger than those on TRE SIdES ide wan Lace eelt ent .. 2, elegans, p. 211. II. A band of six to eight longitudinal series of equal-sized enlarged scales along the middle of the back. No lateral series of enlarged scales .... 3. nigricauda, p. 212, A lateral series of scales imitating the lateral line of fishes .............. 4. ornata, p. 212° III. Dorsal lepidosis heterogeneous. A band of six or eight longitudinal series of enlarged dorsal scales, the two 48, ura. 211 median smaller; an irregular lateral series of widely separated enlarged scales 5. gratosa, p. 2138. Larger dorsal scales in four regular series, two on either side of the median smaller ONES sage we eaes ‘She ew Mexia eee eS 6. symmetrica, p. 213. A series of very large scales on each side of the vertebral line, where they are separated from each other by one or two series of smaller scales; a lateral series of enlarged scales; no supra- tympanic crest ssncieackeee geneous 7. lateralis, p. 214. Six enlarged dorsal rows, of which the median of each three is larger than the others; a lateral series; a supratym- panic crest of short acute scales..... . 8. auriculata, p. 214. A series of enlarged scales on each side of the vertebral line, the scales on which are minute; sides with irregularly scattered enlarged scales .......... 9. bicarinata, p. 215. A narrow vertebral band of irregular en- larged scales; sides with scattered en- larged scales; anterior border of ear without projecting scales .......... 10. irregularis, p. 216. 1. Uta stansburiana. Uta stansburiana, Baird §& Gir. in Stansb, Exped. Gr. Salt Lake, p. 345, pl. v. figs. 4, 5. Upper surface of body covered with minute equal polygonal scales, somewhat larger than those on the sides; ventrals larger. Two transverse gular folds. Three or four conical and acute scales pro- ject from the anterior border of the ear. Tail nearly once and a half as long as head and body. Blackish brown above, marbled with greenish yellow, or with whitish-yellow irregular dots ; sometimes a double row of dorsal patches of a deeper black may be seen along the back; below, uniform greenish yellow, except under the head, where the green predominates, intermingled with brownish narrow bands. From snout to vent 50 millim. Texas to California. a? Yg, Cape St. Lucas, Cali- Smithsonian Institution fornia. [P.]. 2. Uta elegans. ? Uta schottii, Baird, Proc. Ac, Philad. 1858, p. 253. Uta elegans, Yarrow, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus, 1882, p. 442. Frontal transversely divided, in contact with or narrowly separated from the occipital; four large supraoculars ; three large projecting pointed scales on the anterior border of the ear. Anterior gular fold not continuous across the throat, forming a pouch on each side. P2 212 IGUANIDE. Dorsal scales equal, rhomboidal, sharply keeled, a little smaller than the ventrals, but much larger than the laterals. Tho adpressed hind limb reaches the eye; scales on upper surface of limbs larger than dorsals. Twelve to fourteen femoral pores on each side. Tail once and two thirds to once and three fourths as long as head and body. Upper caudal scales much larger than dorsals; subcaudals smooth or very obtusely keeled. Bluish or brownish above, dotted with lighter, with or without a double series of dark transverse spots along the back ; female with a more or less distinct yellowish, black-edged dorso-lateral band; a large deep-blue spot on each side behind the axilla; belly whitish or bluish; throat blue in the male, blackish- blue spotted with white in the female. millim. millim. Total length...... 150 Fore limb ........ 25 Head: uss pic eine 15 Hind limb ........ 45 Width of head.... 10 Deilvicie nes eset eo 95 Body we eeetneks 40 California; New Mexico. ao. La Paz. Smithsonian Institution [P.]. (One of the types.) bs. La Paz. Smithsonian Institution [P. ]. c-d. 2. Deming, N. Mexico. Mr. Forrer [C.1. 3. Uta nigricauda. Uta nigricauda, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1864, p. 176. A single frontal, separated from the occipital by the pair of frontoparietals ; four large supraoculars; three or four projecting pointed scales on the anterior border of the ear. A strong pouch on each side of the throat, not connected by a transverse fold. A band of six or seven longitudinal rows of equal-sized, hexagonal, strongly keeled dorsal scales, smaller than ventrals; lateral and dorso-lateral scales minute. The adpressed hind limb reaches between the shoulder and the ear; scales on upper surface of hind limb larger than dorsals. Eleven femoral pores on each side. Upper caudal scales much larger than ventrals, strongly keeled, mucronate; subcaudals sharply keeled. Dark grey above, with transverse blackish bands on the body, interrupted on the vertebral line; the anterior of these bands, on the scapular region, intense black ; sides and limbs with whitish dots ; tail blackish; belly blue on each side (male), deepest near the narrow whitish median line. [Throat in males orange. | millim. Total length...... 95 Fore limb.......... 19 Gad! caeriacieas ss 10 Hind limb ........ 28 Width of head.... 8 Tail (reproduced).... 50 Body ..06 es see 35 Lower California. aod. La Paz. Smithsonian Institution [P.]. 48. ura. 213 4. Uta ornata. Uta ornata, Baird & Gir. Proc. Ac. Philad. 1852, p. 126, and U.S. Mex, Bound, Surv., Rept. p. 7. “This species may be distinguished from U. stansburiana, of which it has the general appearance, by a dorsal space covered with five or six rows of scales larger than those on the sides of the body. Along the middle of the sides there exists one row of small scutelle imitating the lateral line in fishes. The ground-colour is reddish brown, with transversely elongated black patches all along the upper part of the body and tail. The belly is unicolor in the female, whilst it is blue in the male.” A variety (linearis, Baird) is distinguished in having “ four linear interrupted black stripes instead of transverse bands.” Texas to California. 5. Uta gratiosa. Urosaurus graciosus, Hallow. Proc. Ac. Philad. 1854, p. 92, and Rep. U.S. Explor, Surv. R. R. x. pt. iv. 1859, p. 4, pl. vii. fig. 1. Uta graciosa, Baird, U.S. Mex. Bound. Surv., Rept. p. 7. Frontal divided transversely, in contact with the occipital; six transversely enlarged supraoculars; two projecting pointed scales on the anterior border of the ear. No anterior gular fold. A band of six or eight longitudinal series of enlarged, roundish-hexagonal, strongly keeled dorsal scales, the two median series smaller; the largest of these scales considerably larger than the ventralis; the rest of the dorsal and lateral surfaces covered with minute smooth granules; an irregular lateral series of widely separated enlarged keeled scales. The adpressed hind limb reaches between the shoulder and the ear; scales on upper surface of limbs nearly as large as the largest dorsals. Ten or eleven femoral pores on each side. Tail more than twice as long as head and body ; upper caudal scales larger than the largest dorsals; subcaudals sharply keeled. Greyish above, with transverse darker spots, interrupted on the vertebral line; lower surfaces whitish, dotted with grey; belly blue on each side (male). millim. millim Total length...... 202 Fore limb ........ 25 Head, 324 osspurss 14 Hind limb ........ 39 Width of head.... 10 Tethers: yxy 's aoe sie ‘ace 143 Body asocisexes 45 New Mexico to California. ad. Fort Bliss, New Mexico. Smithsonian Institution 6. Uta symmetrica. Uta symmetrica, Bard, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1858, p. 253; Coues, in Wheeler's Explor. W. 100th Mer. v. p. 597. “ Larger dorsal scales in four regular series, two on either side of 214 IGUANIDE. the median smaller ones. Head short, depressed, one and a half times as wide as deep. Tailone and a half times the head and body. General colour light brown above, the belly white. Sides with broad transverse bands of blackish.” California. 7. Uta lateralis. Uta (Phymatolepis) lateralis, Bouleng. Ann. § Mag. N. H. (5) xi. 1883, p. 342. Frontal transversely divided and in contact with the occipital ; three or four large supraoculars ; three or four pointed scales form a denticulation on the anterior border of the ear. A deep fold or pouch on each side of the throat in front of the collar, not connected by a distinct transverse fold. Body much depressed. A series of very large strongly keeled scales on each side of the vertebral line, where they are separated from each other by one or two series of smaller keeled scales; they are bordered externally by another series of small keeled scales; the size of one of these large scales much exceeds that of the ventrals, and its length equals more than half the diameter of the ear-opening. The rest of the back and sides covered with minute granules; a lateral series of irregular enlarged keeled scales from the neck to above the hind limb. The adpressed hind limb reaches the ear or slightly beyond; the enlarged scales on the limbs smaller than the largest dorsals. Femoral pores, ten to thirteen on each side. Tail about once and a half as long as head and body; upper caudal scales large, equal; subcaudals keeled. Upper surfaces grey, tinged with brown; a yellowish-white streak from the tip of the snout, along the upper lip and passing through the tympanum, to the fore limb; a Z-shaped black mark in front of the arm, the posterior branch upon the latter, the anterior branch on the neck, above the white streak ; a series of five or six oval or subrhomboidal black spots along each side of the back; flanks with blackish and whitish spots; limbs transversely barred with oblique black lines ; the male’s throat light blue in the middle, and the belly of the same colour but with a median white zone. millim. millim Total length ...... 135 Fore limb ........ 24 Head 03 sAnetcagais 13 Hind limb........ 37 Width of head .... 9 9°5 TBAT asco ashanti at 82 Body og. cucuicseas 3a 40 Western Mexico. a é. Presidio. Hr. Forrer [C.]. T b-e. 3 & her. Tres Marias Islands. Hr. Forrer [C.]. ¢ Lypes.) 8. Uta auriculata. Uta auriculata, Cope, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. xiv. 1871, p. 808. Frontal transversely divided. A crest of shoit acute scales on the 48. ura. 215 ridge of the os quadratum above the large tympanum. Scales abovo minute, except six carinate dorsal rows, of which the median of each three is larger than the others ; a dorso-lateral dermal line on each side is covered by rounded scales larger than those of the adjacent regions. Colour blue above, with eight pairs of black spots between scapular and crural regions, which are more or less connected across the median line; another series of black spots alternating on the sides ; a large black crescent on scapula on each side; gular region cross-banded with blackish. millim. millim. Total length (tail re- Head (to posterior produced) ...... 175 margin of tym- From snout to vent. 74 panum) wecowdans 18 Socorro, Revillagigedo Islands. 9. Uta bicarinata. Phymatolepis bicarinatus, A. Dum. Arch. Mus. viii. p. 549, pl. xxiii. fig. 2; Bocourt, Miss. Se. Mex., Rept. p. 165, pl. xvii. bis. fig. 9. Uta bicarinata, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad, 1864, p. 177. Frontal usually undivided, separated from the occipital by the pair of frontoparietals ; four large supraoculars ; anterior border of ear- opening not denticulated, or with a few small projecting tubercles. A deep fold or pouch on each side of the throat in front of the collar, not connected by a distinct transverse fold. Dorsal scales minutely granular, intermixed with irregularly scattered enlarged keeled or subconical scales and a more or less regular series of enlarged keeled scales on each side of the vertebral line, which is minutely scaled ; the largest dorsal scales larger than the ventrals. The adpressed hind limb reaches the axilla in the female, between the shoulder and the ear in the male; the largest scales on the limbs a little larger than the largest dorsals. Femoral pores, eight to twelve on each side. Tail a little longer than head and body; upper caudal scales of unequal size; subcaudals keeled. Brownish above, spotted or marbled with darker, or dotted with lighter; lower surfaces whitish, throat brown-dotted ; the male’s belly entirely blue. millim. millim Total length ...... 124 Fore limb........ 24 Head: ww sagen oes 12 Hind limb........ 34 Width of head .... 10 MSS rept acetate te iariacacste 69 Body es seevaceawes 43 Western Mexico. a, Q. Tehuantepec. b-c. S. Cuernavaca. d. 3. Presidio. Hr. Forrer [C.). eo. Ventanas. Hr. Forrer ret f. Yg. Ciudad. Hr. Forrer [C,]. 216 IGUANIDE. 10. Uta irregularis. Phymatolepis (Uta) irregularis, Fischer, Abh, Nat. Ver. Brem. vii. 1882, p. 232, pl. xvii. figs. 1-4, Frontal undivided, separated from the occipital by the pair of frontoparietals ; no denticulation on the anterior border of the ear. Dorsal scales granular, with a narrow band of irregular enlarged keeled scales on the vertebral line; a few scattered enlarged scales on the sides ; a series of erect pointed scales on each side of the neck and another on the hinder part of the back to above the hind limbs. The adpressed hind limb reaches the axilla. Ten femoral pores on each side. Greenish-grey above, lighter inferiorly ; the nuchal and dorsal ridges, a cross-line between the shoulders, and three narrow cross-bands on the back, black; throat yellowish grey, dotted and marbled with black; belly light grey. From snout to vent 95 millim. Mexico. 49. SCELOPORUS.* Sceloporus, Wregm. Isis, 1828, p. 869, and Herp. Mex. p. 48; Fitzing. Syst. Rept. p. 75; Bocourt, Mass. Sc. Mex., Rept. p. 167. Tropidolepis, Cav. R.A. 2nd ed. ii. p. 88; Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 294; Fitzing. lc. p. 76; Gray, Cat. Liz. p. 208. Tropidurus, part., Wagler, Syst. Amph. p. 146. Tympanum distinct. Body depressed; no dorsal crest ; dorsal scales imbricate, keeled, equal. Upper head-seales enlarged, occi- pital very large. No gular fold; no gular pouch. Digits with keeled lamellie inferiorly. Femoral pores. Tail moderate or long, cylin- drical or compressed. Lateral teeth tricuspid; no pterygoid teeth. A sternal fontanelle. No abdominal ribs. North and Central America. Synopsis of the Species. I. Lateral scales as large as or a little smaller than, and passing gradually into, the dorsals. A. Lateral scales directed obliquely upwards and backwards ; the series of femoral pores not meeting medially. 1, The distance between the base of the fifth toe and the extremity of the fourth less than that between the nostril and the arm. * Sceloporus marmoralus, Hallow. Proc. Ac. Philad. 1852, p. 178, and in Sitgr. Exped. Zuni & Color. Riv. p. 110, pl. ii. 8. delicatissimus, Hallow. U1. cc. pp. 178, 109, pl. i. Texas. 49. sceLoporvs. 217 a. Dorsal scales forming parallel longitudinal lines. a. Occipital broader than the parietals. * Less than 50 scales on the middle of the back between the occipital shield and the base of the tail. t The distance between the fifth toe and the ex- tremity of the fourth not exceeding that between the end of the snout and the posterior border of the ear. Less than 40 scales on a line between occipitai and tail; 5 to 7 dorsal scales correspond to the length of the shielded part of the UNG Rene ee reer ee ee eee 1. torquatus, p. 219. More than 40 scales between occipital and tail; 9 or 10 correspond to the length of [p. 229. the shielded part of the head .......... 12. consobrinus, tr The distance between the fifth toe and the ex- tremity of the fourth exceeds that betwecn the end of the snout and the posterior border of the ear. t More than 30 scales between the occipital and the base of the tail; 7 to 10 scales correspond to the length of the shielded part of the head. Dorsal scales strongly keeled and mucronate; head-shields constantly smooth........ 4, formosus, p. 222. Dorsal scales strongly keeled, moderately or shortly mucronate; head-shields fre- quently rugose or striated ............ 11. undulatus, p. 227. Dorsal scales weakly keeled, shortly mucro- nate ; head-shields smooth .......... 5. yarrovit, p. 223. tt Not more than 30 scales between the occipital and the tail; 5 or 6 scales correspond to the length of the shielded part of the head. Tibia as long as the shielded part of the heady 4.52 get eiw ead et cid ee ae 3. acanthinus, p. 221. Tibia longer than the shielded part of the Heads nedemawas lasagt econ ge Mechs 10. spinosus, p. 226. ** 50 or more scales between the occipital and the tail. Dorsal scales in about 64 transverse series, with but slight carination, mucronation and denticulation .................. 6. ornatus, p. 224. Dorsal scales in 50 to 56 transverse series, simply pointed, not denticulated ...... 13. gratiosus, p. 230, Dorsal scales in about 80 transverse series. 14. couchit, p. 231. 218 IGUANID.E. B. Occipital not broader than the parietals. Occipital broader than long and as broad as the parietals; anterior border of ear feebly denticulated ................ 8. melanorhinus, p. 225. Occipital as long as broad and narrower than the parietals; auricular scales large. 9. zosteromus, p. 225. b. Dorsal scales forming slightly oblique longitudinal rows converging towards the vertebral line. a. Tail subcylindrical. Less than 50 scales between the occipital and the tail; 9 scales correspond to the length of the head .................. 7. dugesii, p. 224. Less than 60 scales between the occipital and the tail; 12 to 15 correspond to the length of the head...............04. 15. grammicus, p. 231. More than 60 scales between the occipital [p. 232. and the tail; not larger than the ventrals. 16. microlepidotus, (. Tail much compressed ...... 19. pyrrhocephalus, [p. 235. 2. The distance between the base of the fifth toe and the extremity of the fourth equals that between the nostril and the arm. Head-shields smooth ; dorsal scales strongly MHUCTONALG: ae ceca seek SW a daw aoe He 2. serrifer, p. 221. Head-shields keeled or striated.......... 20. chrysostictus, p.235. B. Lateral scales longitudinal or nearly so; the series of femoral pores meeting medially. Tibia usually a little shorter than the shielded part of the head; the distance between the base of the fifth toe and the extremity of the fourth does not exceed the distance between the end of the snout and the posterior border of the ear .... 17. eneus, p. 233. Tibia usually a little longer than the shielded part of the head ............ 18. scalaris, p. 234. II. Lateral scales much smaller than, and abruptly differentiated from, the dorsals. A. Lateral scales squamous, imbricate; 9 or more femoral pores On Gach) SIME. seca aeaarnareareware 21. variabilis, p. 236. B. Lateral scales squamous, imbricate ; less than 9 femoral pores. Two canthal scales ..............000. 22. siniferus, p. 237, One canthal scale; ventrals obtusely keeled. 23. fulvus, p. 238. One canthal scale ; ventrals perfectly smooth. 24. squamosus, p. 238. 49. scELoports. 219 C. Lateral scales granular; more than 9 femoral pores.................. 25. utiformis, p. 238. 1. Sceloporus torquatus. Tropidolepis torquatus, Gray, Cat. p. 208. Sceloporus torquatus, Wregm. Isis, 1828, p. 369, and Herp. Mex. p. 49, pl. vii. fig, 1; Bocourt, Miss. Se. Mev., Rept. p. 171, pl. xviii. fig. 9; Cope, Proc. Am. Philos, Soc, xxii. 1885, p. 401. Agama torquata, Green § Peale, Journ, Ac. Philad. vi. 1830, p. 281. Tropidolepis torquatus, Gray, Griff. A. K. ix. Syn. p. 48, and Zool. Beechey's Voy. p. 95, pl. xxx. fig. 2; Dum. § Bibr. iv. p. 801. Head-shields smooth; a series of four or five transversely dilated supraoculars, bordered internally by a series of moderate-sized scales; usually two canthal scales ; occipital as long as broad, much larger than the parietals, which are sometimes divided in two pairs ; anterior border of ear with a strong denticulation formed by three or four pointed scales, which are as large as or a little larger than those preceding. Dorsal scales much larger than ventrals, as broad as long, moderately keeled, with more or less distinctly denticulated posterior border, nut or but shortly mucronate, forming parallel longitudinal series; twenty-seven to thirty-four scales between the occipital shield and the base of the tail; five to seven scales, taken in the middle of the back, correspond to the length of the shielded part of the head; lateral scales keeled, directed obliquely upwards and backwards, as large as or slightly smaller than the dorsals ; ventrals smooth, entire, or bi- or tricuspid; thirty-eight to forty- two scales round the middle of the body. The adpressed hind limb reaches the cervical fold or the ear; tibia as long as the shielded part of the head ; the distance between the base of the fifth toe and the extremity of the fourth equals or slightly exceeds the distance between the end of the snout and the ear. Fitteen to twenty femoral pores on each side. Caudal scales about as large as dorsals, strongly mucronate. Male with large postanal scales. Olive above, uniform or black-spotted ; a broad, black, yellow-edged band from shoulder to shoulder; lower surfaces whitish or greenish in the females, throat and breast spotted with blackish; males with the throat and the sides of the belly cobalt-blue; the breast and median ventral zone black or whitish. millim. millim Total length ...... 212 Fore limb ........ 39 Head jack ese ase dees 22 Hindlimb.... ... 60 Width of head .... 20 APB ep. eas gastro 120 Body is sccasas ace 70 Mexico. a Q. Plateau of Mexico. P. Geddes, Esq. [P.]. bs. Hacienda del Hobo, 8. Mexico. P. Geddes, Esq. | P.]. c-d, e dQ. Mexico, 220 IGUANIDE. Var. poinsettii. Sceloporus poinsettii, Baird § Gir. Proc. Ac. Philad. 1852, p. 126, and U.S. Mex. Bound. Surv, Rept. pl. xxix. figs. 1-3, torquatus, var. C, Bocourt, l. c. p. 178. torquatus poinsettii, Cope, l. ce. p. 402. torquatus cyanogenys, Cope, l.c. The largest supraoculars less dilated, forming two longitudinal series. Femoral pores ten to fifteen. Black collar continuous across scapular region, and light-edged; the body and tail sometimes (specs. a-e) with broad blackish and narrower pale greenish cross bands. From snout to vent 120 millim. ; tail 145 millim. poe, Texas, Mexico. a-e, ee her. & yg. Ciudad, Mexico. Hy. Forrer Hat Sh. Her. & yg. Jalapa, Mexico. Mr. Hoege [C a 9. Mexico. ke od. California (?). Var. mucronatus. Sceloporus torquatus mucronatus, Cope, J. c. p. 402. “Two rows of large supraocular scales. Dorsal scales strongly mucronate. Anterior collar border divided; chin, throat and sides blue.” Monterey, Nuevo Leon. Var. melanogaster. Sceloporus melanogaster, Cope, 1. c. p. 400. Supraoculars as in the typical form. Dorsal scales strongly mucronate and denticulated ; twenty-seven scales from the occipital to the base of the tail, and thirty-four round the middle of the body. The adpressed hind limb reaches the shoulder. Eighteen femoral pores. Greenish bronzy above; collar (a continuation of the black of the throat) reduced to a short oblique band in front of the arm, separated from its fellow by five rows of scales; thorax, middle of belly, and groin, black ; throat and sides of belly blue. From snout to vent 130 millim. Mexico. ud. —? Zoological Society. Var. ferrariperezii. Sceloporus ferrariperezii, Cope, L. c. p. 400. Supracculars as in the typical form. Usually a single canthal scale. Dorsal scales strongly mucronate. The adpressed hind limb reaching a little anterior to the ear-opening. Eighteen femoral 49. scELOPORUS. 221 pores. sssnxe skew eae eee eae 27 28 al” sera exe 2 egw ies ew shee OS ES 110 128 Andes of Ecuador. a,b,e SQ. W. Ecuador. Mr. Fraser [ [oy d. Q. Intac. Mr. Buckley [C.]. * The scales are perfectly smooth when the epidermis is removed, and such is probably the case with Peters’s type specimen. 22. PHOLIDOBOLUS. 403 22. PHOLIDOBOLUS. Pholidobolus, Peters, Abdh, Berl. Ac, 1862, p. 195. Tongue moderately elongate, arrow-headed. Lateral teeth bi- or tricuspid. Head with large regular shields ; nasals separated by the frontonasal; no prefrontals ; frontoparietals present ; nostril pierced in the suture of a divided nasal*. Eyelids developed, lower with a non-transparent disk. Earexposed. Limbs well developed, pentadactyle. Dorsal scales elongate hexagonal, striated, imbricate, separated from the ventrals by small scales ; ventral plates large, smooth, quadrangular, forming regular longitudinal and transverse series. A collar fold. Tail cylindrical. No femoral pores in either sex. Ecuador. 1. Pholidobolus montium. Ecpleopus (Pholidobolus) montium, Peters, J. c. p. 196, pl. ii. fig. 3. In habit very similar to Lacerta vivipara. Snout short, obtuse. Frontonasal large, subquadrangular or trapezoid, a little broader than long; frontal narrowed posteriorly ; frontoparietals forming a rather long suture: parietals short; interparietal as long as, but narrower than, latter; three occipitals, median smallest; two supraoculars ; a loreal and a frenoorbital ; infraorbitals very small ; temples shielded ; seven upper and five or six lower labials : chin- shields, one anterior and four pairs, the two first pairs forming a suture; gular scales irregular between the rami of the mandible, and a double longitudinal row of large transverse ones to the collar; collar-shields six to eight. Dorsal scales rather large, regularly hexagonal, each with three feeble keels ; lateral scales small, more irregular ; about thirty-five scales round the middle of the body, including ventrals, and thirty-three to forty from occiput to sacrum inclusively. Ventral plates large, square, in eight longitudinal and twenty-two to twenty-six transverse series. A pair of large preanals, bordered anteriorly by smaller shields. Limbs with smooth or feebly striated shields ; lower surface of arm, hinder side of thighs, and inner side of tibia granulate. Upper caudal scales elongate hexa- gonal, keeled; lower larger, subquadrangular, smooth ; all forming regular annuli. Brown above, sides blackish ; a black vertebral line; a light, black-edged streak from the tip of the snout along the canthus rostralis and supraciliaries to the side of the back, where it often gradually disappears; another along the upper lip to the fore arm; two more or less distinct parallel light lines along the flanks ; lower surfaces olive or greyish, black-spotted. * This shield is, however, undivided in one of our specimens ; and Peters also gives it as undivided. 202 404 TEIIDR. millim. millim. Total length...... 0.0... . 0.0 eee 123 155 TUG a da ois coe uct hoe de ana ee 11 11 Width of head...... 0.0... 0.0.05. 75 8 From end of snout to fore limb ...... 18 20 From end of snout to vent .......... 51 57 Fore dim bu 2e sce. ausiekewss 16 18 Handslimb: 3.20 oeysce ag canes ue’ 21 25 Wall etea sya eae A anaGd ae gana ardor 72 98 Andes of Ecuador. a-b. 3 & yg. W. Ecuador. Mr. Fraser (C.]. 638% Quito. di. 3 Q. Tntac, Ecuador. Mr. Buckley [C.]. ke. Pichincha, Ecuador, Edw. Whymper, Esq. [P.]. 11,000 feet. \ i, @. Peru? m-n. 2 & yg. P Mme. Pfeiffer [C.]. 23. EUSPONDYLUS. Euspondylus, Tschudi, Arch. f. Naturg. 1845, p. 160; Peters, Abh, Berl. Ac, 1862, p. 206, Tongue moderately elongate, arrow-headed. Lateral teeth bi- or tricuspid, Head with large regular shields ; frontonasal separating the nasals ; preefrontals and frontoparietals present ; nostril pierced in a single (or divided) nasal. Hyelids developed, lower with a transparent disk formed of several scales. Ear exposed. Limbs well developed, pentadactyle. Dorsal scales smooth or very feebly keeled, quadrangular, juxtaposed, forming transverse series, separated from the ventrals by small scales; ventral plates large, smooth, quadrangular, forming regular longitudinal and transverse series. A strong collar fold. Tail cylindrical. Males with femoral pores, females without. Venezuela to Peru. Synopsis of the Species. I. Labials separated from orbit by a row of very small infra- orbitals. Dorsal scales much shorter than ventrals ; nasal in contact with the frenoorbital .. 1. strangulatus, p. 405, Dorsal scales nearly as long as ventrals; loreal separating the nasal from the frenoorbital cae aisles Lelobrea acne 2. maculatus, p. 406. II. Infraorbitals large. 19 transverse series of scales from the chin- shields to the edge of the collar, and 42 from occiput to base of tail.......... 3. acutirostris, p. 407. 23. EUSPONDYLUS. 405 11 transverse series of scales from the chin- shields to the edge of the collar, and 32 from occiput to base of tail.......... 4. guentheri, p. 407. 1, Euspondylus strangulatus. Euspondylus strangulatus, Cope, Proc, Ac. Philad. 1868, p. 99. Ecpleopus (Euspondylus) strangulatus, O’Shaughn. Proc, Zool, Soc 1881, p. 236, Head not depressed, large and distinct from neck, especially in the males; body moderately elongate ; limbs long. Interparietal large, longer than parietals; occipitals split up into numerous irregular shields ; four supraorbitals, anterior small ; nasal, frenoorbital, and loreal of subequal size, the latter resting on the two former, the three plates forming a triangle; a row of infraorbitals ; temples granular inferiorly ; six upper and five or six lower labials ; chin-shields, one anterior and four pairs, the two first pairs forming a suture; gular scales rather small, round, larger near the chin-shields, becoming largest and quadrangular near the collar ; collar-shields six or seven. Dorsal scales rather small and rather irregular, a little oblique, the transverse series broken up on the median dorsal line; these scales are subquadrangular and slightly keeled; lateral scales very small, almost granular; forty-five to forty-eight scales round the middle of the body, including ventrals ; nuchal scales minute,granular. Ventral shields large, square, in eight longitudinal and twenty-two to twenty- four transverse series. A pair of large preeanal plates, bordered anteriorly by a row of small plates. Limbs with smooth shields ; lower surface of arm and hinder side of thigh granulate ; tibia above with small feebly keeled scales. Male with twenty-six to twenty- nine femoral pores on each side. Caudal scales quadrangular, forming regular annuli, narrow and feebly keeled above, larger and smooth inferiorly. Olive-brown above, with more or less distinct large round darker spots; sides of body with more or less marked light spots or ocelli, the three or four anterior of these ocelli being very strongly marked in the young; sides and lower surface of the head blackish in the males ; lips and throat white and spotted with black in the females; belly cream-coloured. millim. millim. Total Jeno thi .:.c53,4ecck aaa ana ene 233 202 Head ok od atedle Meare Mecsuneane Soe 25 18 Widthoof head: «isc soccce aac ee echas 17 11 From end of snout to fore limb ...... 40 30 From end of snout to vent .......... 98 78 Wore Lin brcslacvg carcass oe Baler ee ae ie OD 27 Hind Hmb> yiseceees oka RARE 50 40 Ma. Gacgie Scns apts Aisasoua Sean dee var ee 4 185) 124 Ecuador. 406 TEIIDE. a-d. 3, 9,& yg. Canelos. Mr. Buckley [C.]. @ dg. eam Sarayacu. My, Buckley [C.]. fy. @. Pallatanga. Mr. Buckley [C.]. 2. Euspondylus maculatus. Euspondylus maculatus, Tschudi, Arch. f. Naturg. 1845, p. 160, and Foun. Per., Herp. p. 42, pl. ii. fig. 1. Ecpleopus (Euspondylus) maculatus, Peters, J. c. p. 206, pl. ii. fig. 4. —— (Proctoporus) fraseri, O’Shaughn. Ann. § Mag. N. H. (5) iv. 1879, p. 296. Head depressed, moderately large; body moderately elongate. The ordinary head-shields*; parietals short, broad, interparictal narrow ; four occipitals; four supraorbitals, anterior smallest; a loreal and a frenoorbital; a row of extremely small infraorbitals ; temporal shields large; seven upper and six lower labials; chin- shields, one anterior and four pairs, the two first forming a suture ; gular scales subquadrangular, three transverse rows in front of the collar largest; collar-shields nine. Dorsal scales quadrangular, slightly rounded posteriorly, about twice as long as broad, straight, slightly keeled on the posterior part of the body ; lateral scales very small, subquadrangular ; forty scales round the middle of the body, including ventrals, and thirty-five from occiput to sacrum inclusively. Ventrals larger than dorsals, more equilateral, in ten longitudinal and twenty-two transverse series. Preeanal shields in two rows, anterior composed of two large shields, posterior containing five narrower ones. Limbs with the normal scaling. Digits rather elongate. [Male with six femoral pores on each side.] Caudal scales quadrangular, forming regular annuli, upper narrower and slightly keeled. Olive above, with small black spots ; a black lateral streak, commencing from the eye, becoming indistinct on the hind part of the body ; lips black-spotted ; lower surfaces whitish, with indistinct small dark spots. willim. millim. Total length .......... 135 From end of snout to Gad) ssi sud ab die Rovedrous 13 VERt 8 eres mows 55 Width of head ........ 75 Forelimb...,........ 16 From end of snout to fore Hind limb............ 23 MMe se ielnceh asides 23 Tail (injured) ........ 80 Northern Peru; Ecuador. a Q. Guayaquil. My. Fraser [C.]. (Type of Eepleo- pus fraser.) * In the unique specimen in the British Museum the prefrontals are abnormally united with the frontonasal, on which account it has been referred to Proctoporus. I have examined a second specimen, a large male, in the Brussels Museum ; the head-shields are normal, but the nasal is divided. 23. BUSPONDYLUS. 407 3. Euspondylus acutirostris. Ecpleopus (Euspondylus) acutirostris, Peters, J.c. p. 209. Snout acutely pointed. Scaling apparently very similar to that of EF. guentheri, but with the following differences :—Nineteen transverse series of scales from the chin-shields to the edge of the collar; nuchal scales smaller, more hexagonal ; dorsal scales feebly keeled ; forty-two scales from occiput to base of tail, and twenty- seven transverse rows of ventral shields. Ten or eleven femoral pores on each side. Greenish brown above; a white, inferiorly black-edged, line on each side, beginning from above the eye and breaking up into spots on the hinder balf of the back ; sides of body brown, with a series of seven to nine very small ocelli with white centre ; lower surface of head and body greenish bronze. millim. nillim. Total length .......... 157 Fore limb... sexes saa 16 Heads 12-5 osignen cn vines 15 Fund ig sg sewers 21 Width of head ........ 8 Taal sagse diye canes pues 101 From end of snout to vent 56 Venezuela. 4. Euspondylus guentheri. Ecpleopus (Euspondylus) guentheri, O’Shaughn. Proc. Zool, Soc. 1881, p. 235, pl. xxiii. fig. 1. Head not distinct from neck, body slender and elongate. Fronto- nasal longer than broad ; interparietal large, longer than parietals, hexagonal; parietals forming an oblique suture with a large supra- temporal; a pair of large occipitals; four supraorbitals, anterior smallest; loreal large, no frenoorbital ; a series of large infraorbitals ; temples with large shields ; seven upper and six lower labials ; chin- shields, one anterior and four pairs, the two first pairs forming a suture ; gular scales large, quadrangular, forming regular transverse series, largest anteriorly; collar-shields eight; eleven transverse series of scales from the chin-shields to the edge of the collar. Dorsal scales large, regular, perfectly smooth, elongate quadrangular, as long as, but narrower than the ventrals ; lateral scales very small, suboval ; thirty-five scales round the middle of the body, including ventrals, and thirty-two from occiput to sacrum inclusively. Ventral plates in ten or twelve longitudinal and twenty-one transverse series, ‘Two large anterior and five narrow posterior preanals. Limbs with large smooth shields; digits elongate. Male with eight praanal pores on each side. Caudal scales like those of the body. Pale brown above, with eight transverse black bars on the neck and back, some of which are broken up; similar bars and spots on the tail; head above with round black spots; lower surfaces yellowish white, with roundish dark-brown spots, largest on the labial region. 408 TELIDB. millim. millim, Total length .......... 249 From end of snout to CAG: (6.6 neue eee e Os 22 VEN Grenades qaewsyiaeas Ge 94 Width of head ........ 125 Forelimb...........> 30 From end of snout to fore Hind limb........... . 41 MD ange eondacet fe 37 Dail: Music temetcce ts 155 Ecuador. aod. Sarayacu. Mr. Buckley [C.]. (Type.) 24, ARGALIA. Argalia, Gray, Ann. & Mag. N. H. xviii. 1846, p. 67; Peters, Abh. Berl. Ae, 1862, p. 213. Tongue moderately elongate, arrow-headed. Lateral teeth com- pressed, bi- or tricuspid. Head with large regular shields ; fronto- nasal separating the nasals ; preefrontals and frontoparietals present ; nostril pierced in the middle of a single nasal. LHyelids developed, lower with a non-transparent disk. Ear exposed. Limbs well developed, pentadactyle. Scales perfectly smooth, quadrangular, juxtaposed, forming regular transverse series on the back, and trans- verse and longitudinal series on the belly; the abdominal scales considerably smaller than the dorsals ; the lateral scales smaller and irregular. A strong collar fold. Tail cylindrical. Femoral pores in both sexes. Venezuela and Colombia. 1. Argalia marmorata. Argalia marmorata, Gray, 1. c. olivacea, Gray, Proce. Zool. Soc. 1847, p. 97, and 1858, pl. xv. fig. 1. Gortonoiid peecilochilus, Licht, Nomencl. Rept. Mus. Berol. p. 16. Ecpleopus (Argalia) olivaceus, Peters, /.¢. ) marmoratus, Peters, @. e. —— (——) pecilochilus, Peters, J. e. Appearance somewhat similar to that of a Gerrhonotus. Head depressed, large and distinct from neck in the males. Frontonasal longer than broad, pentagonal; a pair of prefrontals forming a short or very short suture ; frontal short ; frontoparietals moderate ; parietals forming an oblique suture with a large supratemporal ; interparietal hexagonal, longer than the parietals; a pair of large occipitals ; four supraoculars; a loreal; a row of rather large infra- orbitals ; temples with large shields; seven or eight upper and six or seven lower labials ; chin-shields, one anterior and four pairs, the two first pairs forming a suture; gular scales squarish, subequal, forming transverse rows; collar-shields nine to eleven ; fourteen to sixteen transverse rows of scales between the chin-shields and the edge of the collar. Scales quadrangular, at least twice as long as 24. argatra.—25, OREOSAURUS. 409 broad on the back, shorter on the belly ; lateral scales smaller, sub- oval ; thirty to thirty-five scales round the middle of the body, thirty from occiput to sacrum inclusively, and twenty-seven or twenty-eight from collar fold to preeanal region. Preanal shields in two rows, four in the first, sixin thesecond. Limbs with large smooth shields; hinder side of thighs with small scales. Nine to twelve femoral pores on each side. Caudal scales elongate quadrangular, smooth, forming regular annuli, Olive-brown above, with or without reddish brown marblings; flanks with equidistant groups of cream- coloured spots; the sutures of the head-shields generally dark brown; lower surfaces yellowish. re millim. Total length................ 228 212 ead) ecceth acs eieasn areata ayaa ae 25 19 Width of head.............. 17 12 From end of snout to fore limb. 388 29 From end of snout to vent.... 93 82 ore Timah: gi dua - sorg wusrequtpy watt 28 EP TRUS “THX “Id HN ‘SNOW Lud BRIT. MUS.N.H. PU XIV. P. Smit del et lith. -Mintern Bros . imp. 1. Platysaurus guttatis . 2. Sauresia sepordes. BRIT MUS.N.H. IPL AV Smit del et hth. Mantern Bros. aap. 1 Cphascatris gracis . 2. Ophisavrus hellikert . “day ouorUL snssopbojdig oe “smypIAs snssojbo) chy] duce Ssoag W168 zurpy LP Pe ump q “JAX “Ich ‘HN'SOW 1M npipmey snsso) boyd REL SOG UxrapUATAL “Vay 92 ISP UG -g “TIAX Id ‘HN SAW ITeg PU. ce iE ISSO AE, INMUNS). IN) Jel. - Imp. Mintern Bros olineatus . Varenms c R.Wiantern del.et hth. ump "OS. PU.2 Worntern CQremudophorus esp euler N.H. R Mintern del.et hth. BRIT. MUS. BRIT. MUS.N.H. Rania fy ky fe PEEPS S P. Smit del. et ith Mintern Bros . ump. L Alopoglossus copw . 4. Oreosaurus oculatws. BRIT. MUS.N.H. PU, XX1. P, Smit. del. et ith. Minter Bros amp 1. Prionodaclylus oshauhgnessyt. 2. Prionodactylus verlebralis . PU ANNIT, BRIT. MUS. NW ia OW 9S) pany: 2e ee ae Minter Bros . imp P Sout del et lith. Proctoperiws meleagrts . LProctoporus sunolerus. 2. BRIT. MUS.N.H. PU. XXUIT, tH F, Smut del. et bth Mintern Bros . imp 1. Blanus bedriage . 2. Amphisbeena plambew. 3. Amphisbeenw punctata. 4. Anops africanus. 5. Geocalamus modestius . BRIT. MUS.N.H. P. Smt del et hth. Mintern Bros . imp 1. Monopeltis COP EHUSUS . #, Monopeltix welwitschii 3.Monopeltis uhert. 4, Monopeltis scalper. 5. Lepidosternon boetigerv. - - Ai Tala leg releferes As BEM ies feletes iy 7 He oat Set AL ae EAE ye SD Prd ga gies Se fess Le , Pi pig lpi lee Seite ipipt AAs Beds di ays IE ai iar ip : oe ie es igs ies Ses es tf sss of ef AF sft és ey pie ise bf if, Epics ei pies eit 5 ie a et ae A lean j