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Gornell University Library
Sthara, New York

CHARLES WILLIAM WASON

COLLECTION
CHINA AND THE CHINESE

THE GIFT OF
CHARLES WILLIAM WASON
CLASS OF 1876
1918

i 3 1924 073 202 933

Cornell University

The original of this book is in
the Cornell University Library.

There are no known copyright restrictions in
the United States on the use of the text.

http://www. archive.org/details/cu31924073202933

KEW BULLETIN, ADD. SERIES X.

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762.19085/ 41/73. 00.10.11.
To fiee page 7.

[All Rights Reserved.]

ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW,

BULLETIN

OF

MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION,

ADDITIONAL SERIES X.

FLORA OF KWANGTUNG AND HONGKONG
(CHINA)

BEING AN ACCOUNT OF THE FLOWERING PLANTS, FERNS AND FERN
ALLIES TOGETHER WITH KEYS FOR THEIR DETERMINATION
PRECEDED BY A MAP AND INTRODUCTION,

BY

STEPHEN TROYTE DUNN, B.A., F.LS.,
sometime Superintendent of the Botanical and Forestry Department, Hongkong ;
AND

WILLIAM JAMES TUTCHER, F.LS.,
Superintendent of the Botanical and Forestry Department, Hongkong.

PUBLISHED BY HIS MAJESTY’S STATIONERY OFFICE.
To be purchased, either directly or through any Bookseller, from
WYMAN anv SONS, Lrv., Furrer Lanz, E.C.; or
OLIVER anp BOYD, Tweeppate Court, Eprnsuren; or
E. PONSONBY, Lrp., 116, Grarron Street, Dusuin.

PRINTED BY
DARLING anp SON, Lrv., Bacon Street, E.
1912.

Price 4s. 6d.
&

PREFACE.

The first and, up till now, the only work by which plants from
any part of the Celestial Empire could be identified was Bentham’s
Flora Honghongensis published in 1861. This Flora dealt only with
the small island of Hongkong on the S.E. coast of China and is now
moreover out of date and difficult to obtain, so that it has become
more and more desirable, with growing interest in the Chinese flora
and with the desire among the Chinese themselves for a scientific
knowledge of their own country, to publish without delay some sort
of preliminary descriptive Flora of a larger area. Such a work
will serve as a stimulus to local botanical enterprise and provide a
foundation for the collection of materials for a more complete Flora.
During our association in the control of the Botanical and Forestry
Department at Hongkong we thave fully realised this need and
have had the matter kept fresh in our minds by constant enquiries
for a work of this kind. We have therefore been induced to prepare
the keys and other information set forth in the following pages and
have deemed it wise to confine ourselves to Kwangtung and Hong-
kong and to cast the work on a simple scale which would not take
too long to carry out nor be too bulky for convenient use.

We desire to record our thanks to Sir Henry Blake, Governor
of Hongkong (1897-1903) and to subsequent Governors who have
sanctioned successive measures for the increase of efficiency of the
botanical service of the colony and for the exploration of neigh-
bouring portions of the coast, hitherto botanically unknown, to
Dr. C. G. Matthew, R.N., and to the late Mrs. Gibbs for their help
with the detailed exploration of the Colony and to the Chinese
botanical collectors and herbarium assistants for their labours for us
in the field and office. Lastly we wish to express our appreciation
of the courtesy of the Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens,
Kew, in allowing the use of the Kew herbarium and library during
the final stages of the work.

THE AUTHORS.

INTRODUCTION.

Position and size of area.—Kwangtung is the southernmost pro-
vince of China and occupies the whole of the southern coast line of
the empire. Bounding it upon the north are the maritime province
of Fokien and the inland ones of Kiangsi and Hunan, while Kwangsi
lies immediately to the west. At its south-west corner it touches
for a few miles the French Indo-Chinese colony of Tongking. Its
length amounts to 600 miles lying nearly east and west, but it
nowhere recedes more than 250 miles from the open sea. Its area,
about 68,000 square miles, is rather less than that of Great Britain.
Some 300 small islands lie off the coast, among which is Hongkong.

Climate——The province is more than half within the tropics and
is characterised for the greater part of the year by hot damp
weather, during which periods of strong sunshine alternate with
downpours of warm torrential rain amounting to some 70 inches in
all. The south-west monsoon, in which these conditions prevail,
breaks upon the coast rather suddenly about April and continues to
blow with more or less regularity for six or seven months, gradually
failing in October or November, to give place to the winter monsoon
from the opposite point of the compass. The long succession of
rainstorms and the usually cloud-laden sky are then succeeded as a
rule by several months of cool weather accompanied by clear pale
blue skies and a complete absence of rain. The smaller streams
gradually dry up and the grass hills assume their winter colouring
of pale brown.

Though the winters are pleasantly cool, frosts are of very rare
occurrence, except on the highest ground. Even there they are
infrequent and of short duration.

The succession of extremes of wet and dry weather naturally
exerts a profound influence on the vegetation, but quite as important
in this respect are doubtless the periodical visits of typhoons to
which the coastal regions are liable at all times, but especially during
the late summer. These brief but extraordinarily violent storms
play great havoc with all kinds of vegetation and their occurrence
explains some of the peculiar characters of the flora of the coast of
Kwangtung.

Geology.—The greater part of the surface of the coastal region
consists of various igneous rocks, but chiefly of a kind of granite,
which readily disintegrates under the action of the atmosphere.
This granite is intermixed with harder and more resistant rock masses,
which remain as gigantic boulders all over the granite mountains as
the softer parts are washed away. In the interior and to a less
extent on the coast, limestone formations, coal measures and tertiary
sandstones occupy large areas. Alluvial deposits attain considerable
dimensions only in the deltas of the Hast, West and North Rivers
which coalesce to form the “Canton Delta” occupying approxi-
mately a triangle having three equal sides of about 100 miies each.

Physical features.—K wangtung and Kwangsi, as their names imply,
form the artificial eastern and western divisions of a natural area,
the basin of the great river of South China, the West River. The
mountain ranges of Kwangtung, which can be seen from the sea, are

(21515—6a.) Wet. 19085—411 (73). 500, 2/12 D&S.

4

principally of granite and present the curious boldly rounded
outlines, broken here and there by crags, which become especially
familiar in a country where few visitors have the opportunity of
seeing more than the ports and what is visible from the deck of a
coasting steamer between them. These hills, covered with coarse
grass and low shrubby vegetation, give an appearance of barrenness,
which is scarcely relieved even on closer investigation by the scanty
vegetation of shrubs and small trees which clothes the steep sides of
the ravines through which the mountain torrents rush down to the
beach.

If the province is entered by way of Canton there has first to be
traversed the “Canton Delta” where every yard of the alluvial
plains is subjected to the closest cultivation, orchards of Litchi,
Orange and Persimmon, fields of Maize and Sugar Cane, Hemp and
Ramie, groves of Banana or -Fan Palm stretching luxuriantly before
the eye, line beyond line, up to the horizon.

Beyond these coastal plains commence the irregular systems of
rugged mountains which eventually culminate along the northern
boundaries of the province. The latter follow roughly the
water-parting between the rivers of Hunan and Kiangsi flowing
northward into the Yangtze and the tributaries of the West River
falling to the south. In this region, which is scarcely defined as a
mountain range but which is nevertheless often spoken of as the Nan-~
shan, rise the three principal rivers of northern Kwangtung. These
are the North River which falls into the West River near Canton,
the East River flowing into the Canton Delta through the Tungkun
plains and the northern affluents of the turbid Han, which falls into the
sea near Swatow. The sources of the East River, about which
little is known, are among what are probably the highest mountains
in the province. Elsewhere the ranges seldom exceed 3,000 feet,
though isolated peaks rise here and there one or two thousand feet
higher.

The approach to these mountainous districts is most easily made
by boat on one of the large rivers that intersect the ranges and have
afforded access from time immemorial to the interior of the province.
In their lower courses the banks are low and frequent groves of
feathery hamboos wave in the breeze along their summits. Between
these appear vistas of rich flat pastures and peaceful villages,
standing in their ancestral groves. The mountains soon close in
and slow progress is made up foaming rapids, past many a gorge
and frowning precipice. Whenever more open reaches permit,
glimpses can be caught of the wild romantic scenery of the
mysterious highlands, where no white man has been. In most parts
of the mountains the bold rounded outlines indicate granitic forma-
tions. In the limestone districts these give place to the rugged
crags and fantastic shapes, so often portrayed in Chinese pictorial
art.

So far as it has been explored, the coast, centre and north-west
of the province are fairly well known and good descriptions of the
scenery are available. The southern portion on the other hand is
practically unknown to Europeans, with the exception of the
immediate neighbourhood of Kwangchow, Pakhoi, and a few other
sea ports where traders have resided.

5

Topography.—In a country so little known to western travellers
there is naturally great difficulty in locating the mountains
and villages quoted by collectors, when no further indica-
tion is given than the sound of the Chinese name. As an in-
stance of this may be mentioned that, of the five or six villages
referred to by Dr. Tate, as the localities of his collection of
January, 1863, which is now preserved at Kew, not one can be
found on European maps. These and other similar place names are
quoted in the enumeration of species pending their rediscovery and
are included in the index with the note “not yet located.” The
position of all other places quoted in the list are there explained,
further information being added when necessary in the index. Some
of the more important localities are shown on the map.

The list of localities cited in the text under each species begins
with those in Hongkong and continues with the Hongkong New
Territory ; then follow the coastal regions, beginning from the east,
and finally inland places in order of their remoteness from the coast.
The area designated Hongkong refers to the island of that name,
which is in one of the numerous groups situated off the south-east
coast of China at the mouth of the Canton River. It is about
11 miles long by 2 to 5 broad with an area of some 30 square miles.
But the term usually includes the small Kowloon peninsula, a portion
of the mainland which approaches closely to the island, and the
islets of Stonecutters, Aplichau and a few others, ceded to Great
Britain in 1860.

The New Territory, or New Territories as it was originally
called, was leased to Great Britain in 1898. It comprises about 300
square miles of the mainland behind or north of Kowloon, as well
as several adjacent islands. The largest of the latter, Lantao, is
larger than Hongkong Island. The eastern shores of the mainland
portion are washed by the waters of Mirs Bay, its western side
forming the eastern shore of the Canton River estuary. No special
reference is necessary here to the topography of the British
territory as excellent maps on various scales are available. Further
inland the location of collectors’ stations is less easy, but much
valuable topographical information has been collected by mission-
aries and other residents. This and a few small-scale native maps
are so far our only sources of information. No general survey
with modern instruments has yet been made. The German and
French maps, on a scale of 16 miles to the inch, showing the
mountain ranges by shading, provide a neat and convenient summary
of our present knowledge of the physical features and topography
of the province.

Means of Access——The coast of Kwangtung can be reached at
several points by ocean-going European steamers and at frequent
intervals between these by Chinese launches running along the
coast from them. Well equipped river steamers also make regular
trips through the province by way of the West River. Beyond these:
lines of communication access to the interior is provided to a
limited extent by Chinese rapid-boats. By means of the latter
the North and Hast Rivers and some of their tributaries as
well as the Han can be ascended, and the vegetation within
easy reach of them has been more or less explored by collectors.

6

Beyond that, progress has to be made by the use of Chinese paths.
There are no roads, even between the largest cities. Chinese guides
can conduct the traveller from town to town, but the paths are not
commodious for the carriage of heavy baggage, being at intervals
only a few inches wide and consisting of narrow stone steps on the
mountain sides. It thus happens that though many able and enter-
prising botanists have resided in the province, none of them have
been able to make any considerable collections beyond the neighbour-
hood of the water ways. ;

History of Botanical Exploration—Meagre as is our knowledge of
the flora of this province, it is probably more complete than is the
case with any other part of China. To this result have contributed
the unusual length of the sea coast, the navigability of several of
the rivers, the long residence of Europeans at four of the principal
centres and the fact that a well-equipped botanical station has been
maintained by the British Government for many years at Hongkong,
nearly in the centre of the coast line.

A concise account of the history of exploration up to nearly the
end of last century may be found in Bretschneider’s classical History
of Botanical Discoveries in China. The collectors during that
period, whose work has most abundantly contributed to our knuw-
ledge of the flora, are Hance, Ford, Sampson, Vachell, Krone and
B. C. Henry. During the present century the work begun by Ford
in founding the Herbarium® of the Botanical and Forestry Depart-
ment in Hongkong has been energetically continued by the officers
of that Department,f and several special expeditions have been
organised and despatched by the Colonial Government under their
care for the exploration of the less known parts of the province.
Expeditions to Sanning, Hoifung and to the Swatow hinterland
may specially be mentioned as filling up gaps in our knowledge,
while the more thorough exploration of the colonial flora has given
us a fairly accurate idea of the vegetation of a few hundred square
miles of the district.

Much still remains to be done. A map has been prepared and will
be found at the beginning of the book indicating the ground already
more or less botanically explored; all the rest is practically un-
touched. Thus the whole of the area from south-west to west of
Macao, representing roughly the westernmost third of the province,
remains quite unexplored botanically save for a few small areas on
the coast. It is probable that the vegetation of this portion con-
tains a considerable number of species in common with the more
completely tropical French possessions to the southward which are
as yet absent from our records for the province.

The flora again of the region from north to east of Canton which
represents another third of Kwangtung is totally unknown, except
from a few collections made on mountains on its southern borders and
along some of the small rivers near Canton. The northern portion
probably contains the highest ground in the province and may
confidently be expected to yield numerous new and interesting
discoveries to the botanists who first have the time, means and
enterprise at their disposal for its exploration.

* See Dunn’s The Hongkong Herbarium in Kew Bull., 1910, 188.
+ See the departmental Annual Reports for the period.-

7

The months in which most species are in flower are April and
May and most of the collections on which our knowledge of the
flora is based were gathered in those months.

Sources of information regarding the flora—It may be said, in the
first place, that no information of any kind has been or can be col-
lected from Chinese sources, which could be usefully included in the
kind of Flora expected by western readers. The foundation of
this Flora is the Colonial Herbarium at Hongkong, to which refer-
ence has already been made. The Kwangtung material therein has
practically all been collected by the European officers of the Botan-
ical and Forestry Department and their Chinese assistants. Such
records in the works enumerated below as were additional to the
herbarium records have been included with them in the list. Special
mention must be made of Forbes and Hemsley’s “ Enumeration”
which has been utilised largely throughout. The Kwavtung
records in the herbaria of Kew and the British Museum are taken
up usually on that authority alone, as no collections from the pro-
vince of any importance have been added to them since the
publication of the work.

There are, however, several large collections on the continent which
remain to be searched for Kwangtung records. The herbarium,
for instance, of the late Drake del Castillo contains many collections
of Kwangtung plants. They, with the rest of his herbarium, were
bequeathed to the Museum d’ Histoire Naturelle, but owing to want
of space at the Jardin des Plantes they still lie at his house in Paris,
where they can be seen on application. The Paris Herbarium itself
has not been consulted: it doubtless contains much material which
would add to our knowledge, of the provincial flora.

The principal books from which information was derived were :

Bentham’s Flora Hongkongensis.

Forbes and Hemsley’s Enum. Pl. China.

Finet and Gagnepain’s Flore de ? Asie Orientale.
Miquel in Journ. de Bot. Néerl. i. (Krone’s plants.)
Journal of Botany.

Hooker’s Icones Plantarum.

Kew Bulletin.

Extent of information.—The relative amount of attention that each
part of the province has received may be gathered from the
following comparison between the numbers of records from each,
which are quoted in the following pages. Out of each 100 records,
23, on an average, are found to refer to Hongkong (chiefly from
Ford, Hance, Tutcher), 15 to the New Territory (ford, Dunn,
Tutcher), 11 to the Swatow hinterland (Dunn), 10 to the Lienchow
River (ford, B. C. Henry), five each to Canton (Hance, Sampson),
Lofoushan (Ford chiefly), N. River (Sampson, Ford), W. River
(Hance) and Macao (Vachell), four to Hoifung (Dunn’s Chinese
collector), and 12 to other parts.

Character of flora.—A visitor landing on the shore of Kwangtung—
the only part of the coast of China washed by tropical seas—first
notices that the maritime phanerogamic flora is distinctly poor, the
only element perhaps of the S$. China flora which does not seem
remarkably rich to the European visitor. On sandy beaches a close
turf usually commences from the high water line varied by patches

8

of Spinifex and Vitex or relieved by an occasional tuft of Crinum,
Belamcanda oy other sea-side flower. Above this a shrubby belt of
Screw-pine often appears with patches of Caesalpinia. On muddy
shores there is frequently a dwarf mangrove formation formed by
small Rhizophoraceae and Aegiceras in the shallow water. Where salt
marshes occur various Cyperaceae are predominant as in other parts
of the world.

Supposing now that the visitor proceeds across the fields towards
the nearest village, it is very probable that waste ground plants
will next engage his attention, and the usual tropical weeds of
such places including many species of Desmodium, Solanaceae,
Amaranthaceae, Chenopodiaceae, and adhesive-seeded Compositae will
be seen. The arable land consists largely of rice fields, which
yield a rich flora of water-loving weeds, small Scrophulariaceae
predominating. The drier vegetable fields become covered, if
neglected, with Cruciferous and other annuals, or, in the coastal
regions, with introduced weeds such as Ageratum and Ozalis.

The farms and villages are nearly always surrounded by fine old
Fung-shui (or * good luck’) trees, mostly Banyan (Ficus retusa).
There may also be clumps of thorny and other large bamboos.

Passing on now to an examination of the mountain vegetation, it
will at once be noticed that, except in the most inaccessible regions,
or those carefully protected (such as Hongkong), their surface in
the granitic regions presents the appearance from a distance of
smooth grassy downs, whose gigantic and varied forms, broken here
and there by rock masses, close in the horizon. In the limestone
districts more rock and less down is seen, but, even there, the less
remote mountains are destitute of all woods. The cause of this is
the old, and perhaps excusable, custom that the Chinese have of
cutting down all the wild trees, shrubs and grass near their villages
for fuel, and of setting fire to the turf in the dry season to extirpate
the remnants of arborescent vegetation. The gullies or ravines,
being saved from the grass fires by their rocky character and less
pronounced dryness during the north-east monsoon, contain a dense
vegetation, particularly rich in flowering shrubs and ferns. This
vegetation, which extends into the open ground, wherever allowed
so to spread, has a constant element throughout the province of
beautiful and abundant shrubby species such as Rhodomyrtus,
Melastoma, Gordonia, Gardenia, Mussaenda, and equally common
though less conspicuous Strophanthus, Raphiolepis, Pittosporum,
Lespedeza, Eurya, Zanthoxylum, Diospyros, and shrubby Euphor-
biaceae, and Urticaceae. In the more rocky and damp ravines are
found various epiphytic orchids, Gesneraceae and herbaceous
Urticaceae,

Beiween the gullies, the mountain sides have, as has been said, a
general appearance of smooth grass. Qn closer inspection this is
found to consist of numerous different formations of lowly growth.
On the highest mountains, where clouds are not infrequent even in
the dry season, level plains of fairly close turf (Jschaemum, ete.) are
found, containing ground orchids, Balsams and mountain Compositae.
On the middle and lower slopes there is usually an irregular covering
of coarse grass associated with patches of Melastomaceous and
Ericaceous undershrubs. On these grassy slopes Hedyotis species

9

and Acanthaceae abound, and here and there may be seen the great
white trumpets of Likum longiflorum or the blue cups of Platycodon.
Large areas of such exposed slopes are again not infrequently
occupied by thickets of dwarf bamboos. Above these slopes, among
the rocks and gullies of the higher peaks, Zhalictrum and other
genera typical of more temperate conditions show themselves, while
down the torrent sides may be gathered various species of
Utricularia, Gesneraceae, Drosera, Ammannia, and Eriocaulon.

Turning now to the wood flora, much remains to be discovered
as to the constituents of the primeval forests which are said to
survive in the interior in several parts of the province (see B. C.
Henry’s Lingnam and Cap. Cauquil’s L’ Hinterland de Quang-tchéou
in the Réyv. de Géogr. lv. 175). Meanwhile our knowledge of the
subject depends upon the records of the examination of a few
patches of forest preserved by the Chinese around their temples
and villages for aesthetic or religious purposes. One such wood on
low ground in Hongkong was carefully examined by Lo Quai, an
officer of the Botanical and Forestry Department, and the consti-
tution of this wood may be taken ag an isolated example of such
formations. On an acre were found 31 trees of Aguilaria grandi-
flora, 24 Sterculia lanceolata, 18 Aporosa leptostachya, the same
number of Poupartia Fordit, 10 Antidesma Bunius, 8 Nephelium
Longana, 4 Kugenia Millettiana, 3 Garcinia multiflora, 2 each of
Bischoffia javanica, Cinnamomum Burmanni, and Ardisia quinguegona,
and single trees of Litsea sebifera, Helicia erratica and Ficus
chlorocarpa. The ground in such woods is covered with Scitamineae,
Liliaceae, Piperaceae, and various grasses and ferns, while huge lianes
climb over the trees and hang in weird festoons into the semi-
darkness of the underwood. These lianes comprise various species
of Derris and Dalbergia, besides numerous <Apocynaceae and
Asclepiadaceae. On the higher ground the woods are formed of
Oak, Holly, Pine, Symplocos, Cordia, Ficus and various Araliaceae,
Hamamelidaceae and Lauraceae.

Wood borders and hedges in the province frequently contain
subarborescent Rubiaceae, Rhamnaceae, Rosaceae, and Saxifragaceae
and support the smaller climbers such as various Cucurbitaceae,
Convolvulaceae, Vitis, Smilaa and Millettia.

The general character of the flora of the province is distinctly
tropical, shrubby and arborescent evergreens predominating.

f the constituents of the flora the most important is that which
is common to the greater part of South China; a distinguishable
element is shared with HE. Fokien, Formosa and Japan ; another in
common with Yunnan and Cochinchina is chiefly Indian, while a
smaller constituent is Malayan and Australian.

It is probable that many of the districts of the province contain
a considerable endemic element in their vegetation. The small
island of Hongkong, for instance, has quite a large number of species
unrepresented in the neighbouring parts of China and about 100 that
are actually cndemic.* The same character has been noticed to a
smaller degree in other parts of the province. It is possible that
the drastic climatic conditions, so largely modified by peculiar local

* Tutcher in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxxviii (1904) 58,

10

circumstances, may have given rise to a system of areas, to some
extent botanically isolated, and each with an element of peculiar
forms adapted%to its phenomena. Thus north-east and south-west
aspects, eventon the same mountain, support markedly different
floras, that of the latter being far less luxuriant. It can hardly be
doubted that this differentiation is connected with the monsoons
which blow from the two quarters indicated for nearly half the year
each, with such{marked influence on all vegetation. It has not, how-
ever, been explained to the satisfaction of those who are familiar
with the effect why the monsoons produce it. ;

It is again unnecessary to dwell on the rigorous selection that
must have occurred during past ages among the coastal ranges of
those forms which were adapted to survive typhoons. But it is
only intended here to indicate some of the ecological problems
which await students in this province, at present facts are not
available for their full consideration nor would this be the oppor-
tunity to discuss them.

Plan of the flora—F or the reasons given in the preface, the des-
criptive part of the Flora has been reduced to the smallest limits
compatible with the object of enabling the collector to determine
his plants. The following were deemed sufficient for this purpose.
1, A key to the Natural Orders. 2. A key to the genera of each
Natural Order. 3. A key to the species of each genus, taken in
the order of the Genera Plantarum. 4. An enumeration of the
species. The latter comprises (a) the Latin name, following in
practically all cases, the nomenclature of the Index Kewensis, (b)
the most accessible good description known, (c) the habitat and
localities, (d) the colour of the flower where necessary, (e) the month
of flowering.

Summary of desiderata.—From the foregoing pages may now be
selected the principal work which remains to be undertaken to
advance our knowledge of the flora.

1. The examination of herbaria containing Chinese plants and
the extraction and publication of new Kwangtung records.

2. The exploration of the districts indicated on the map as
unknown and the record of their flora and botanical features.

3. The further investigation of the more accessible parts.

4, The location of doubtful sites of old collections.

5. The supply of habitats, colours of flowers and time of flowering,
where missing.

6. The compilation of a Flora dealing with the Mosses, Algae,
Fungi and other classes of vegetation not dealt with in this volume.

Kew Bulletin, Additional Series x.]

cs sotBitrs0 cs Sees css

ADDENDA ET ERRATA.

. 5, line 26 for was originally read is officially.
. 11, line 6 from bottom, after 14 add or, if a climbing shrub with

unisexual flowers, Kadsura,

. 11, bottom line, after 17 add or, if herbaceous, Ranunculaceae.

. 12, line 12 from bottom, for ; read or.
. 14, line 21 from bottom, for Verbenaceae, p. 201, read Ampeli-.

daceae,

. 15, line 8 from bottom, after p. 114 add or, if a water plant,

Euryale.

. 17, line 22, after 117 add see also 54.

. 17, line 11 from bottom, after p. 22 add see also 218, p. 23.
. 21, line 15, for ; read or.

. 21, line 17, for 7 read 9,

. 23, line 25, after p. 241 add or, if leafless, see 213, p. 22.

. 25, line 7, for 7 read 4.

. 146, line 8 from top, for tennifolia read tenuifolia.

. 200, line 4 from bottom, for bentioides read bontioides.

. 211, line 8 from bottom, for chinenses read chinense,

To face p. 11.]

(24084—6a.) Wt, 3092—931. 500, 5/12. D&S.

10.

11.

12.
138.
14.

15.

11

KEY TO THE FLORA OF KWANGTUNG.

FLOWERING PLANTS.

Key to the Natural Orders.

. Tree or shrub

Herb

. Stem with bark

Stem without separate bark

. Leaves net-veined or divided or

opposite or none or the flower

4-, 5- or 8-merous ,
Leaves parallel-veined, simple and

alternate or radical ..,

. Leaves present

Leaves none also Poilotum,

p- i
. Plant rushlike or ovary inferior...

Plant not rushlike, ovary superior

. Flowers closely packed upon a

spike (spadix) enclosed in a
spathe ;
Flowers otherwise arranged

. Tendril climbers with flowers 3-

merous umbellate
Not tendril climbers or, if 50,
flowers not 3-merous in umbels

. Petals separate from each other...

Petals united at the base or none

. Flowers regular, or nearly so

Flowers irregular .. 3

Carpels several, separate or nearly
80 :

Pistil of one carpel or several
united .. ‘ re

Pistil of one ceatuel stb. one uni-
lateral or basal placenta and
one style ss “ed

Pistil of several united carpels on

Stamens indefinite

Stamens definite ...

Stamens indefinite

Stamens definite ...

Stamens distinctly perigynous

Stamens hypogynous

Carpels one si sie sit

Carpels several ... 9 see ae

ge ge

230 (p. 24).

4,
234 (p. 24).
6.

r

241 (p. 24),
S,

Araceae (p. 287).
7.

Liliaceae (p. 277).

8.
9.

120 (p. 17).
10.

116 (p. 17).
13.

11.

Rosaceae (p. 92),

in
17,

16,

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.
23.
24,

25.
26.

27.

28.

29.

30.

31.

12

Sepals and petals 4 or 5, small,
valvate ; leaves compound ..
Sepals 3 to 5, imbricate ; leaves

simple...

Sepals 5, culioeatess 5 petals
climber with i aaa leaves ..

Sepals 3 me ie

Petals 6-12, imbricate in series
of 3, glabrous

Petals in 1 or 2 series of 3 each,
all valvate or tomentose

Stamens hypogynous

Stamens perigynous or superior ..

Stamens equal in number to and
opposite the petals (alternate
with sepals when petals are
wanting) :

Stamens twice the petals, or, ‘if
equal in number, alternate with
them ies

Carpels 1-3, uniovulate, ore
simple ...

Carpels 1-3, 2 or more ovules in
each

Stamens 4 or 5

Stamens 8 or 10 ... ats

Carpels in each flower, several ...

Carpels solitary

Shrub

Herb : 7

Stamens hypogynous 3

Stamens perigynous or superior ..

Leaves opposite a

Leaves alternate ... cs

Sepals and petals 5 each ; Fatt x a
capsule

Sepals 4 ; petals 4 or more ; 3 fruit
a drupe

Placentas parietal ; ovary idles

Ovary 2- or ele ovules
in the axis

Sepals 2; petals 4, large pri
herb ...

Sepals 4 or more ...

Ovary stipitate or oblong

Fruit a sessile globular berry

Stamens united in a column or
tube round the ie or poly-
adelphous

Stamens free or united in a ring
at the base... a ane

ius

Leguminosae (p. 70).
Dilleniaceae (p. 27).

Ranunculaceae (p. 25).
18.

Magnoliaceae (p. 27).
Anonaceae (p. 29).

20.
94 (p. 16).

21s

22.

Menispermaceae (p. 30).

Berberidaceae (p. 32).
Simarubaceae (p. 57).
23.

24,
Leguminosae (p. 70).

Connaraceae (p. 70).
Crassulaceae (p. 99).

Hypericaceae (p. 41).

Guttiferae (p. 42).
29.

31,
Papaveraceue (p. 33).
30.

Capparidaceae (p. 35).
Bixaceae (p. 37).

32.

34,

32,

33.
34,
35.

36.

37.
38.

39.

40.

41

42,

43.

44,
45,
46.
47.
48.

49.

50.
51.

52,

13

Anthers on distinct filaments

Anthers crowded in a terminal
head ... re

Anthers l-celled ...

Anthers 2-celled ...

Sepals 2

Sepals 3 to 5

Sepals valvate

Sepals imbricate ...

Flowers unisexual

Flowers hermaphrodite or r poly-
gamous : =

Style single

Styles several...

Leaves dotted ; prickly shrub

Leaves not dotted ; tree or shrub
without prickles or fruit only
prickly an

Fruit prickly

Fruit unarmed...

Petals free or shortly united at
the base; flowers herma-
phrodite or polygamous ae

Petals united in a tube at the base ;
flowers always unisexual

Stamens hypogynous ae

Stamens perigynous or superior ..

Water plant ae ee see

Land plant

Plant Y ith very ‘large “floating
leaves .

Plant with leaves ‘submerged and
pinnate

Leaves opposite

Leaves alternate ...

Herb rr

Woody plant

Leaves quite entire

Leaves serrate or dissected

Leaves serrate

Leaves dissected ...

Woody climber

Tree or shrub...

Ovary 2-3-celled ;
dotted ..

Ovary 4- 5-celled ;

Leaves simple

Leaves compound...

Stamens free

Stamens variously united ‘

Stamens equal in number to petals
or perianth lobes

Stamens more or less than petals

leaves not

“ives dotted

33.
Sterculiaceae (p. 49).
Malvaceae (p. 46).
Sterculiaceae (p. 49).
Portulacaceae (p. 41).

35.

36.

38.
Euphorbiaceae (p. 230).

37,
Tiliaceae (p. 50).
Ternstroemiaceae (p. 42).

Rutaceae (p. 54).

39.
Tiliaceae (p. 50).
40.

Ternstroemiaceae (p. 42).
Ebenaceae (p. 161).

42.

94 (p. 16).

43.

44,
Nymphaeaceae (p. 33).
Flaloraginaceae (p. 102).

Caryophyllaceae (p. 39).
47.

Elatinaceae (p. 41).
Geraniaceae (p. 53),
56.

49,

Sapindaceae (p. 66).
Rutaceae (p. 54).

53.

54,

55.

56.

57.
58.
53.

63.

64.

65.

66.

67.

68.

69.

70.

71.

14

Stamens double petals in number

Stamens not corresponding in
number with petals ...

Stamens monadelphous ;
valvate - awe

Stamens diadelphous

Flowers unisexual “

Flowers hermaphrodite ... ve

Calyx with a gland outside ; leaves
simple ; flowers hermaphrodite

Flowers dioecious...

Herb .

Tree or shrub...

Sepals 4, valvate ...

Sepals united aks

Calyx 4- or 5-cleft ee

Calyx truncate, scarcely toothed ;
pubescence mealy

calyx

. Leaves dotted

Leaves not dotted

. Stamens opening by pores

Stamens opening longitudinally ..

. Stamens opposite the petals or

perianth segments...

Stamens alternate with the petals

Petals very small, concave or
hood-shaped ... in

Petals iohee than sepals...

Petals alternate with sepals

Petals opposite to sepals... .

Petals valvate ; iia 2. to 6-
celled .

Petals imbricate ; ; ovary ‘L-celled

Venation palmate... .

Venation not palmate wick oe

Stamens inserted between petals...

Stamens slightly perigynous or
adhering to the es

Leaves scale-like .

Leaves expanded .. sie

Petals erect, clawells 3 ovary in-
completely 2- 3-celled ; shrub

Petals spreading ; ovary 1-celled,
with parietal placentas ; herb

Stamens inserted on a broad fleshy
disk ...

Stamens adhering to the base of
the petals

Ovary 5-celled, with 2 eivntten a in
each cell

Ovary 4-celled, with 1 ‘ovule in
each cell

55.
72,
Sterculiaceae (p. 49).

Papaveraceae (p. 33).
Euphorbiaceae (p. 230).
57.

Malphigiaceae (p. 53).
Olacaceae (p. 58).
Crassulaceae (p. 99).
58.
Tiliaceae (p. 50).
59.
60.

Styracaceae (p. 162).
Rutaceae (P. des

Hricaceae i 154).
Anacardiaceae (p. 68).

63.
67.

Rhamnaceae (p. 62).
64,
65.
Sabiaceac (p. 68).
Verbenaceae (p. 201).
66.
238 (p. 24).
Myrsinaceae (p. 157).
68.

Tonarizain (p. 41).
Pittosporaceae (p. 37).
Droseraceae (p. 100).
Celastraceae (p. 60).
71.
Ternstroemiaceae (p. 42).

Aquifoliaceae (p. 59).

72.

73.

83.

84.

85.
86.
87.
88.
89.

90.

. Sepals 4 ;

. Stamens

15

Stamens 3or6...
Stamens 2 ; petals 4 ; tree
Stamens 6; petals 4 ; herb
Stamens 3 ; petals 5;

woody
climber ;

. Herb

Tree, shrub, | or tall climber

petals 4; stamens 8
(rarely more) ..

Sepals 5; petals 5; : stamens 10..

. Pod faen. 2-valved

Pod inflated, 3-cornered, ae

. Stamens as many as petals

Stamens double the number of
petals ..

cppunite the

climber
Stamens alternate with the petals .
tree or shrub .

“peta :

. Ovary 1-celled, wich 1 swale

Ovary cells or ‘carpels 4 or 5

. Leaves dotted

Leaves not dotted

. Ovary cells 1-ovulate; stamens ce

Ovary cells 2-many-ovulate ; 3 sta-
mens united in a tube

. Stamens inserted within an annular

disk ; leaves not dotted

Disk within the stamens or none

Leaves dotted ; ovules 1 or 2 in
each cell of the ovary igs

Leaves not dotted sae a

Ovules 1 in each cell of omy < :
stamens free ...

Ovules 2 or more in each cell of
ovary or stamens in tube

Petals 3

Petals 5

Ovary 5-parted

Ovary entire :

Berry angular... eed wes

Fruit rounded .

Stems very fleshy and spinose

Stems not so

Leaves alternate ...

Leaves opposite ar se

Flowers hermaphrodite; calyx-
lobes and petals 5 or rerely 4

Flowers unisexual ; sepals 2 or 3;
petals 2 to 5; fruit 3-winged

73.
Oleaceae (p. 165).

Cruciferae (p. 33).
Celastraceae (p. 60).
75.
77,

76.
Geraniaceae (p. 53).
Capparidaceae (p. 35).
Sapindaceae (p. 66).

78.

82.
Ampelidaceae (p. 64).

79.
Anacardiaceae (p. 68).
80.

Rutaceae (p. 54).

81.
Simarubaceae (p. 57).
Meliaceae (p. 57).

Anacardiaceae (p. 68).
83.
Rutaceae (p. 54).
84,

86.

85.
Burseraceae (p. 57).
87.

Simarubaceae (p. 57).
Anacardiaceae (p. 68).
Geraniaceae (p. 53).
Meliaceae (p. 57).

Cactaceae (p. 114).
89.

90.
92.

91.

Begoniaceae (p. 113).

16

91. Stamens attached to the base of
the petals

Stamens free from ihe petals,
inserted with them on the
calyx ...

92. Ovary inferior...

Ovary free, but enclosed in the
calyx tube

Calyx segments aia ‘valvate
petals cut

Calyx lobes imbricate or very
small; petals entire ...

Leaves alternate ...

Leaves opposite

93.

94.

95. Climber, with tendrils
Tree, shrub, or herb, without
tendrils aise ait
96. Flowers hermaphrodite ; ovary
stalked .
Flowers unisexual; ovary ; inferior
97. Ovary 1-celled at least at the base

Ovary 2- or more-celled ...

Ovary wholly inferior

Ovary more or less free at top .

Flowers separate, not in compact
heads ... ‘

Flowers in compact heads re-
sembling a single flower, the
colour petals all outside

Petals calyx-like or none

Petals strap-shaped

Ovary inferior... ee

Ovary superior or semi-superior

Ovary 2-celled ;

Ovary 5-celled ‘

Calyx lobes conspicuous, valvate
4 or rarely 5. .

Calyx teeth minute or
ovules 1 in each cell..

104. Ovules numerous .

Ovules 1 or 2 in each cell.
104a.Ovules 2 in each cell
Ovule 1 in each cell
105. Herb :
Shrub eit
106. Petals 4 or 5, small. ‘
Petals 6 to 10, linear ;
2-celled ; fruit a
drupe ...
107. Petals 5, small ; ovary ‘2-celled ;
fruit dry wine
Petals 4 or * 4, small ; ovary 2. or
more-celled ; fruit a berry .

98.
99.

100.
101.
102.
103.

none .

” ovary
l-seeded

Styracaceae (p. 162).
Rosaceae (p. 92).
93.

Lythraceae (p. 108).
Rhizophoraceae (p. 102).
Myrtaceae (p. 104).

95.

108.
96.

97.

Passifloraceae (p. 110).
Cucurbitaceae (p. 111).
98

101.
Combretaceae (p. 103).
99.

100.

Hamamelidaceae (p. 100)
Samydaceae (p. 110).
Cornaceae (p. 120).

103.

102.
Sazxifragaceae (p. 98).
Linaceae (p. 53).

104,

106.
Onagraceae (p. 109).
104a.
222 (p. 23).
105.
Haloraginaceae (p. 102).
ena Re (p. 100).
107.

Cornaceae (p. 120).
Umbelliferae (p. 115).
Araliaceae (p. 118).

17

108. Petals imbricate or contorted
Petals valvate ... sie
109. Ovules, 1 in each cell; herb...
Ovules 2 or more in each cell ..
110. Ovules 2 in each cell
Ovules 3 or more in each cell
111. Fruit a capsule or drupe ...
Fruit a 1-seeded berry ©
11lla.Veins of leaves palmate ...
Veins not palmate slag
112. Anthers small, Queue a
tudinally sie
Anthers opening by 1 or 2 pores
at the top ee FF
113. Leaves dotted, heath-like
Leaves not heath-like
114, Stamens alternate with the petals
Stamens opposite to or on the
petals ... ie :
115. Ovary 3-6-celled .
Ovary 1-2-celled .
116. Flowers spurred ... ae
Flowers not spurred ; stamens 10
or fewer; anthers free; the
filaments often united ‘i
117. Anthers 5, united round the patil
Stamens indefinite ua
118. Sepals 5, herbaceous; petals a
spreading, one spurred ie
Sepals 3, 2 outside, one larger
within, hooded and spurrcd ;
petals, one outer entire, 2 inner
ones lobed a
119. Petals 3, small, erect ; stamens r
in 2 clusters ; 3 ovary 1-2~-
celled with 1 ovule in each cell
Petals papilionaceous or spreading ;
stamens 10 (usually); ovary
l-celled, with 1, 2 or more
ovules ...
120. Petals present
_ Petals wanting
121. Ovary inferior
Ovary superior ...
122. Anthers united in a tube round
the style -
Anthers free
123. Fruit and seeds eueels
Fruit or seed wingless

124, Stamens fewer than ébcellaclobes
Stamens equal to or exceeding the
corolla lobes in number .- ....

21515

109.

114.
Haloraginaceae (p. 102).

110.

111.
112,
llia.
Rhizophoraceae (p. 102).
238 (p. 24).
Celastraceae (p. 60).

113.

Melastomaceae (p. 104).

Myrtaceae (p. 104).

Lythraceae (p. 108).
115.

Loranthaceae (p. 228).

Saxifragaceae (p. 98).

Cornaceae (p. 120).
117.

119.
118.
Ranunculaceae (p. 25).

Violaceae (p. 36).

Geraniaceae (p. 53).

Polygalaceae (p. 37).

Leguminosae (p. 70).
12).
- 215 (p. 22).
122,
138,

136.

123.
Dioscoreaceae (p. 276).
124,

124a,

125.

18

124a.Climber_...
Erect herb...
125. Stamens indefinite
Stamens not more than twice as
numerous as the petals
126. Stamens twice the number of the
corolla lobes or teeth.. ie
Stamens the same number as the
lobes
127. Corolla shortly toothed, tee
opening by pores...
Corolla deeply toothed, anthers
opening longitudinally
128. Stamens opposite corolla lobes ...
Stamens alternate with the lobes

129. Parasitic shrub; corolla 4-lobed

Non-parasitic shrub or tree ; corolla
small 5-lobed ...

130, Leaves opposite or whorled
Leaves alternate ...

131. Leaves stipulate ...
Leaves exstipulate

132. Shrub dete
Herb wad =

133. Corolla irregular ...

Corolla regular

133a.Tendril climber...
Not a tendril elimber

134. Shrub or tree
Herb ; capsule many-seeded
135. Leaves oblique at base
Leaves symmetrical
136. Flower compound, 7.e., florets in
compact heads with a common
involucre without tiem
calyces : sate
Flowers distinct irregular aoe
137. Stamens 2, connate with the style
Stamens 5, filaments free from
style dias
138. Stamens equalling or ceosodingsj in
number the corolla lobes
Stamens fewer than the corolla
lobes
139. Stamens indefinite
Stamens definite ... ana
140. Stamens twice the number of the

corolla lobes ...
Stamens equal in number to the
corolla lobes ... acl ide

Cucurbitaceae (p. 111).
Valerianaceae (p. 135).

Portulacaceae (p. 41).
126.

127.
128.

Vacciniaceae (p. 153).

Styracaceae (p. 162).
129.
130.
Loranthaceae (p. 228).

Myrsinaceae (p. 157).
131.
133.

Rubiaceae (p. 123).
132.

Caprifoliaceae (p. 121).

Valerianaceae (p. 135).

Goodeniaceae (p. 151).
133a.

Cucurbitaceae (p. 111).
134,
135.
Campanulaceae (p. 151).

Cornaceae (p. 120).
Olacaceae (p. 58).

Compositae (p. 135).
137.
Stylidiaceae (p. 151).
Campanulaceae (p. 151).
139.
171.
26 (p. 12).
140.
141.

142,

141.

151.

152.

153.

154.
155.
156.

157,

158.

19

Shrub or tree; leaves alternate ;
anthers opening in terminal
pores ..,

Herb ; leaves opposite, succulent ;
anthers opening longitudinally

. Stamens hypogynous

Stamens inserted in the tube

. Herb with radical leaves..

Shrub ;

leaves alternate .

. Stamens opposite the corolla lobes

Stamens alternate with corolla
lobes

. Ovary 1-celled, with a free central

placenta
Ovary 2- 10-celled

. Herb; fruit capsular or dry

Shrub or tree ; fruit succulent,
indehiscent

. Styles 5... ie ee *

Style 1

. Leaves opposite or : whorled

Leaves alternate, radical or none

. Ovary 4-lobed, with one ovule in

each lobe
Ovary not 4-lobed.

. Ovary 1-celled or partially 2-celled,

the placentas not meeting in
the axis a

Ovary ?-celled, or of 2 carpels with
1 or more ovules in each

Tall climbers; flowers 4- or 5-
merous

Bitter herb ; leaves opposite :
flowers 4-merous :

Flowers dioecious..

Flowers hermaphrodite

Stamens united in a mass round
the pistil ies

Stamens, or at least their filaments,
distinct : .

Carpels 2, distinct

Carpels 2, united ...

Pollen in granular masses

Pollen normal... [

Stigma thickened, conteal

Stigma capitate or lobed..

Ovary 2-celled, leaves connected
by stipular line a

l-celled, leaves not so

Ovary,
joined . aa
Corolla ee
Corolla rotate is aie eae

21515

Ericaceae (p. 154).

Crassulaceae (p. 99).

143.

144,
Plumbaginaceae (p. 155).
Ericaceae (p. 154).

145.

148.

146.
Sapotaceae (p. 160).
147.

Myrsinaceae (p. 157).
Plumbaginaceae (p. 155).
Primulaceae (p. 156).
149.
159.

Labiatae (p. 205).
150.

151.
153.

152.

Gentianaceae (p. 174).
Olacaceae (p. 58).
Apocynaceae (p. 167).

Asclepiadaceae (p. 169).

154,

155.

156.
Asclepiadaceae (p. 169).
Apocynaceae (p. 167).
Apocynaceae (p. 167).

157.

158.

Gentianaceae (p. 174).
Loganiaceae (p. 173).
Scrophulariaceae (p. 184).

B2

20

159, Several ovules in each cell of the

ovary . 160.
One or two ovules in each cell or
carpel of the ovary ... : 162.
160. Corolla scarious and transparent... Plantaginaceae (p. 212).
Corolla not scarious esis a 161.
161. Style one ... ne saa ... Solanaceae (p. 182).
Styles two.. Hydrophyllaceae (p. 176).
162. Ovary of two distinct carpels, with
a common Bee aii wee 163.
Ovary 2--5-celled .. -_ 164.
163. Shrub ; two ovules in each carpel Apocynaceae (p. 167).
Herb ; .one ovule in each carpel... Convolvulaceae (p. 178).
164. Ovary 4- or 5-celled eis 165.
Ovary 2- or 3-celled, with 2 erect
ovules in each cell... 168.
165. Ovary 5-celled, with 2 pendulous
ovules in each a Ternstroemiaceae (p. 42).
Ovary 4-celled ... wie ane 166.
166. 1 erect ovule in each cell wae 168.
1 pendulous ovule in each cell... 167.
167. Tree as ee ... Aguifoliaceae (p. 59).
Climbing shrub... roe ... Boraginaceae (p. 176).
168. Tree ; fruit a berry se ... Boraginaceae (p. 176).
Herb or climber ... 169.
169. Herb; fruit of 4 1-seedled, or 2,
2-seeded nuts . “3 Boraginaceae (p. 176).
Herb or climber ; “fruit a ‘capsule ,
or berry rh die 170,
170. Flowers in long seorpiorl cymes Boraginaceae (p. 176).
Flowers not in scorpioid cymes .... Convolvulaceae (p. 178).

171. Stamens 2; corolla regular with
4 or more lobes ; tree or shrub Oleaceae (p. 165).
Stamens 2 or 4; corolla more or

less irregular .. as 172.
172. Ovary 4-lobed, with 1 oviile im
each lobe ate nee 173.
Ovary entire, 1- 5-celled .. at 175.
173. Ovary deeply lobed is ... Labiatae (p. 205).
Ovary slightly lobed... ee 174.
174. Herb is See ee ... Labiatae (p. 205).
Shrub ortree ... 0... .. Verbenaceae (p. 201).
175. Ovary 1- 2-celled ive es 176.
Ovary 3- or more-celled ... me 182,
176. Ovary l-celled ... adi ack 177,
Ovary 2-celled ... was see 179.
177. Placenta ale central; corolla
spurre : ae sis J J
eee i ee hc . saa ee (p. 191).
178. Leafless root parasite ... --. Orobanchaceae (p. 191).

Leaves opposite or radical r++ Gresneraceae (p. 192),

al a8

179.

180.
181.
182.

183.

184.

185.

186.
187.
188,

189.

190,

191.

192.

193.

194,
195.

196.

x

21

2 collateral ovules in each cell ...

2 superposed or many ovules in
each cell

Seeds
cupshaped retinacula....

Seeds without retinacula.: we

Tree with compound leaves or, if
simple, then capsule linear ...

Herb; or if tree, leaves simple
and fruit ovoid

Ovary 4-celled

Ovary 5-celled

Cells 1-ovuled

Cells many-ovuled

Pistil apocarpous ; stamens more
than twice the ee 8e8-
ments ... eee

Pistil synearpous ; stamens not
more than twice segments ...

Anthers opening in valves turned
upwards; trees, shrubs, or
rarely leafless twiners - ...

Anthers opening Me caddae

Leaves present

Leaves wanting oa

Tree with pinnate leaves ..

Leaves not pinnate wes

Flowers hermaphrodite ;
succulent

Fruit dry, winged...

Flowers unisexual ; fruit small, on
a large thin 3-lobed bract

Fruit with one terminal wing

Leaves pitcher-shaped

Leaves not pitcher-shaped

Flowers wholly or
hermaphrodite

Flowers wholly unisexual

Perianth wanting ..

Perianth present .

Anthers 1 or 3, on ake lone of the
ovary ; shrub ; leaves opposite;
spikes without bracts

Stamens 2-8 at base of ovary ;
herb :

Perianth superior ..

Perianth inferior ..

Perianth regular ...

Perianth irregular soe

Perianth contracted above nae

Perianth not contracted. above
.,) ovary ... eae uae

Pe

dias

attached ‘to hooked or ae
Acanthaceae (p. 196).

Verbenuceae (p. 201). _:
_ 180.

181,
Bignoniaceae (p. 195).

Scrophulariaceae (p. 184).
183

Myoporaceae (p. 200).

Verbenaceae (p. 201).
Pedalinaceae (p. 196).

7 (p. 11).
185.

Lauraceae (p. 222).
186.
187.
230 (p. 24).
188.
190.

Sapindaceae (p. 66)..
189.

Juglandaceae (p. 250).

Oleaceae (p. 165).

Nepenthaceae (p. 219).
/ 191,

192.
212,
193.
194,

Chloranthaceae (p. 221).

... Piperaceae (p. 220).

195.
201.

196.
Aristolochiaceae (p. 219).
197,

199.

197.
198.
199.
200.

201.

202.

203.

22

Perianth 3- or 4-lobed
Perianth 5-lobed ...
Perianth 3-lobed .
Perianth 4-lobed .

Perianth 5-cleft or "s-toothed, thin

Perianth 3-5 cleft, ia a

Tree ‘

Herb see

Ovary enclosed in "the persistent
perianth tube ..

Ovary free

Herb or somewhat shrubby, but

then with sheathing stipules or
with scarious perianth

Tree or shrub without sheathing
stipules and perianth not
scarlous se

Stipules sheathing or annular

Stipules none or scarious

204, Ovary 3-5-locular
Ovary 1-celled, with 1 or sr rarely
few ovules . i
205. Perianth segments herbaceous,

usually obtuse

Perianth segments usually s scarious
or acute

. Sepals free

Perianth 4-5. B-lobed

. Perianth of 4 linear segments,

bearing the stamens ...
Sepals 3 to 5, free

. Ovary 2-lobed at the top |

Ovary entire ; fruit 1 seeded

. Stamens equal in number to lobes

Stamens twice lobes

. Perianth 4-5-lobed ; stamens with

out alternating scales ae
Perianth 5-lobed ; stamens 8, alter-
nating with as ay scales ; ;
placentas 3, parietal ..

. Capsule 2-3-winged

Capsule wingless ...

. Small aquatic plant

Land plant

. Leafless, succulent, rea “ianasite

Leaty plant

. Climber, with tendrils

Tree, shrub, or herb; perianth
herbaceous or none ,.,

. No ovary ; ovule bare or in an

open perianth... :
Ovary 1-3- or more-celled

198.
Nyctaginaceae (p. 213).
A iileeldaceae (p. 219).
acl asad (p. 228).

200.

Ficoideae (p. 114).
Hamamelidaceae (p. 100).
Santalaceae (p. 229).

197.
202

203.

206.
Polygonaceae (p. 215).
204.

Ficoideae (p. 114).
205.
Chenopodiaceae (p..214).

Amarantaceae (p. 213).
207.
209.

Proteaceae (p. 226).

208.
Hamamelidaceae (p. 100).
Urticaceae (p. _).
Olacaceae (p. 58).

210,

211.

Samydaceae (p. 110).
Sapindaceae (p. 66).
Thymelaeaceae (p. 226).

Haloraginaceae (p. 102).
213,

Balanophoraceae (p. 230).
214,

Cucurbitaceae (p. 111).
215.

216.
184 (p. 21).

216,

217.

218,

219,

220.

221.

222.

223.

224,

225.

226.
227.

228,

229.

23

Ovule in the females or stamens
in the males enclosed in an
ovoid perianth ; leaves oppo-
site see

Ovules not in ovoid perianth

Ovules and seeds in pairs under
the scales of a cone, leaves
alternate, or clustered and sub-
ulate ...

Ovules on the teeth of leaflike
organs..

Ovary 1-celled, or if 2-celled with
I ovule in each cell ...

Ovary with 2 (many ovuled) 0 or
more cells.

No perianth, at least in the female
flower .. ‘ eas eas

Perianth herbaceous

Female flowers forming a prickly
2-celled burr, with 2 conical
pointed styles

Flowers vot forming burrs

Flowers minute, crowded inside
or outside of succulent. recep-
tacles ... att

Flower receptacles not fleshy ae

Flowers in catkins

Flowers crowded in cylindrical
leaf - apEoe pedunculate
spikes .. we

Styles 2

Styles1 ...

Stigmas 3- to 5-lobed ; ; shrub

Style entire or 2-lobed

Leaves alternate ; flowers in spikes
or catkins eas es

Leaves opposite; flowers in
axilliary clusters

Fruit 1-seeded : ae

Fruit of 2 cells or cocci ...

Ovary 2-celled,with several ovules
in each cell; flowers in globu-
lar or ovoid ‘heads ; tree

Ovary 3- or more-celled, or if 2-
celled, with 2 ovulesin each...

Ovary 5-lobed; fruit follicular ;
tree with paniculate flowers

Ovary entire re

Ovary usually 3-celled, rarely 2-
or several-celled ; fruit aiid
ing into cocci, or baccate ;
shrub or tree; seeds albu-
minous <a a eee

Gnetaceae (p. 255).
217.

Coniferae (p. 255).
Cycadaceae (p. 256).
219.
227.
220.
223.

Compositae (p. 135).
221,

Urticaceae (p. 241).
222.
Myricaceae (p. 251).

Piperaceae (p. 220).
Hamamelidaceae (p. 100).
224,

225.
226.

Euphorbiaceae (p. 230).

Santalaceae (p. 229),

Urticaceae (p.

Ruphordiaccas (p. 230).

Hamamelidaceae (p. 100).
228,

Sterculiaceae (p. 49).
229.

Euphorbiaceae (p, 230).

229,

230.
231.
232.
233.
2345
235.
2366
237,

238,
239.
240,
241,
242.
243.
244,
245,

246

247.

248,

249.
250.

"24

Ovary 2-celled; fruit a 1-seeded
nut, on a cup or in a capsule-
like involucre; tree; no al-
bumen... ss re

Tree or erect shrub

Herb or climber ...

Stem woody, solid

Stem hollow

Perianth none

Perianth segments 6

Leaves plicate or pinnatisect

-Leaves not plicate or pinnatisect

Climber
Not a climber
Tendrils present ... :
Tendrils absent ... aie see
Leaves pinnatisect, patallel-veined
Leaves not pinnatisect, net-veined
Flowers not in dense spikes
Flowers in spathes in dense spikes
(spadices )
Perianth 4-merous
Perianth 6-merous ats as
Leaves parallel-veined, falcate ...
Leaves net-veined, not falcate
Leaves parallel-veined, or none ...
Leaves net-veined
Ovary superior
Ovary inferior
Perianth regular or nearly so
Perianth irregular or none
Perianth petal- or calyx-like
Perianth petal- and calyx-like
Perianth petal-like
Perianth calyx-like
Perianth of 4 or 6 segiients
Perianth of 2 segments

. Flowers in dense heads, perianth

segments transparent and very
small ... ae nea sine
Flowers not in dense heads, and
perianth segments not trans-
parent and very small i
Flowers proceeding from middle of
petiole se wee we
Flowers not proceeding from
middle of petiole :
Ovary apocarpous as
Ovary syncarpous fs
Perianth of six segments '
Perianth 0

_ Floating plant

Non-floating plant .

Amentaceae (p. 251).

231.

234.

232.
Gramineae (p. 307).
Pandanaceae (p. 287).

233.
Palmae (p. 285).
Liliaceae (p. 277).

235.

24"),

236.

237.
Paimae (p. 285).
Liliaceae (p. 277).

238.

Araceae (p. 287).
Roxburghiaceae (p. 276).
239

Liliaceae (p. 277).
Dioscoreaceae (p. 276).
241.
Araceae (p. 287).

242,

253.

243.

249,

244,

248,

245.
Juncaceae (p. 285).

246,
Philydraceae (p. 282).

Eriocaulonaceae (p. 291).

247,
Pontederiaceae (p. 281).

Liliaceae (p. 277).

Alismaceae (p. 290).

Commelinaceae (p. 282),

Xyridaceae (p. 282),
250,

251.
252,

251.

25

Leaves sheathing or with eee
stipules nat

Leaves not sheathing nor with
sheathing stipules :

Stem solid; leaf sheath not split

Stem hollow ; leaf sheath split ..

. Perianth regular, or nearly so

Perianth irregular

. Submerged or floating planta

Plant not submerged nor floating

. Ovary 1-celled

Ovarv 3-celled

. Stamens 3.

Stamens 6.

. Stamens 3 ..

Stamens 6.

. Ovary cells, 2 2-ovulate

Ovary cells, 1- or many-ovulate ...

. Veins of leaves ee from

midrib..

‘Veins of leaves parallel to midrib

Naiadaceae (p. 290).

Lemnaceae (p. 290).
Cyperaceae (p. 293).
Gramineae (p. 307).

257.

259.
Hydrocharidaceae (p. 257).

255

256.

257,
Burmanniaceae (p. 258).
Taccaceae (p. 275),
Iridaceae (p. 274).

258.
Haemodoraceae (p. 273).
Amaryllidaceae (p. 274).

Scitamineae (p. 270).
Orchidaceae (p. 258).

DICOTYLEDONES.
RANUNCULACE.

Key to genera.
. Climbing plants ie ies

Erect plants

. Flowers with capillary staminodes

Flowers without staminodes

. Flowers regular

Flowers irregular

. Carpels with one ovule

Carpels with two or more ovules

. Carpels stalked

Carpels sessile ...

. Petals small

Petals large...

2.

3.
3. Naravelia.
1. asl

6. Delphi.

.
. Thalietrum,
. Ranunculus.
. Coptis.
. Paeonia.

sr Ou B bo

1.—CLEMATIS.

Key to species.

. Leaflets irregularly incise-serrate

Leaflets entire ...

. Filaments hairy

Filaments glabrous

. Filaments much prolonged _...
Filaments not prolonged beyond auther |

1. grata.
2

sas 2. caesariata.
3.
. filamentosa,

os

4,
5.
6.
7.

. Anthers about +), of filament ...

26

Leaves pinnate ... ‘ihe wis ner 6.
Leaves I- or 3-foliolate or biternate ... 5.
Leaves 1- or 3-foliolate a a 8

: parviloba.

cS

Leaves biternate

Achenes hairy ...

Achenes glabrous Fr
Leaves blackening on drying ...
Leaves green on drying

. uncinata.

. Benthamiana.
. Stronachit.

. crassifolia,

. Meyeniana.

© BDTID NH

Anuthers about 4 or 3 of filament ee

. 0. grata, Wall. ; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind.i. 3. Lienchow River.

FI. cream-coloured, August.

. C. caesariata, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1870, 71. Tangha, near

Shaochaufu, North River. Fl. tawny - tomentose,
December.

C. filamentosa, Dunn in Journ. Bot. 1909, 197. Rocky woods
near the coast, Hahang, Hongkong New Territory. FI.
white, January.

C. parviloba, Gardn.et Champ.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 6. On the
north side of the hills, Hongkong. FI. white, April.

C. uncinata, Champ.; Benth. 1c. On the south side of Mt.
Parker, Hongkong; Lofoushan; Lienchow River. FI.
white, August.

C. Benthamiana, Hemsil.; C. terniflora, Benth. l.c.7. Hoifung ;
Lienchow River ; low hills near Canton. FI. white,
August.

C. Stronachii, ae in Journ. Bot. 1878, 103. Pakong. FI.

» April.

C. crassifolia, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 7. Climbing over trees on
north side, Hongkong ; Lantao and Taimoshan, Hongkong
New Territory. Fl. white, December.

C. Meyeniana, Walp.; Benth. l.c. 6. Common in Hongkong ;
Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory ; Lofoushan ;
Lienchow River. Fl. white, June to September.

2.—THALICTRUM.
Key to species,

Leaflets not peltate ... ees we 1. elavatum.
Leaflets distinctly peltate ... v2. tehangense.

. T.clavatum, D(. Prodr. i. 11. Lantao, Hongkong New

Territory ; Phenix Mountain, near Swatow. FI. white,
April to June.

. T. ichangense, Lec. in Hook. Ic. Pl. xviii, (1888), t. 1766.

Lienchow River. Fl. white, August.

38.—NARAVELIA.

. N. zeylanica, VC. Prodr. i. 10. In dense woods, North River.

Fl. ——, September.

wo

27

4.—RANUNCULUS.
Key to species.

Achenes in oblong heads one we L, seeleratus.
Achenes in globose heads... vee =. pensylvanicus.

. R. sceleratus, Linn.; DC. Prodr. i. 34. In swamps, East

Point, Hongkong ; Canton. Fl. yellow, March.

. R. pensylvanicus, Linn.: DC. 1.c. 40. Roadsides, Hongkong ;

fields near Swatow ; near Siukun ; White Cloud monastery,
Canton. Fl. yellow, April.

5.—COPTIS.

. C. Teeta, Wall.; Hook. f, Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 23. East River,

Canton. Fl. white.

6.—DELPHINIUM.
Key to species.

Flowers more than one inch long ... 1. anthriscifolium.
Flowers about 2 inch long... we 2. Callerit.

. D. anthriscifolium, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1868, 207. West

River; Lamchin. Fl. blue, May.
D. Callerii, Franchet in Bull. Soc. Linn. Paris, 1882, 329.
Macao. FI. blue, May.

7.—PAEONIA.

. P. albiflora, Pall. ; Bot. Mag. t. 1756. Canton. Fl. white or

pink, June.

DILLENIACEAE.
1.—TETRACERA.,

. T. sarmentosa, Vahl; Trachytella aspera, DC. Prodr. i. 70.

Woods and hedges, common. FI. white, June.

CALYCANTHACEAE.
1.—CHIMONANTHUS.

. C. fragrans, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 451. On the banks of the

Han River, Swatow. FI. white, April.

MAGNOLIACEAE.
Key to genera.

1. Climber cs des ais «. 5. Kadsura.
Erect herb or shrub... ane see * 2.
2. Carpels radiating 5s oo we = 1, Lketum.

Carpels superposed... sis - 3.

28

. Flowers yellow ..: vee ape. tee. Michelia.
Flowers white .. aie 4.
- Leaves oblong ... . Manglietia.

Leaves ovate’... s6,,, eee eee . Magnolia. :

1,—ILLICIUM.
Key to species.

1. Carpels 8 ie wks ‘ids as 2.
Carpels more than 8 ... st is 3.
2. Inner petals ovate ifs : . verum.

‘8, Leaves narrow, sessile... —

w

. antsatum.
. Dunnianum,
Leaves lanceolate, stalked . Grifithii.

I. verum, Hook. f. Bot. Mag. t. 7005. Near Chaochaufu ;
Pakhoi. Fl. red, April to November.
I. anisatum, Zour, Fl, Cochinch. 353. West of Canton. Fl.

Inner petals lanceolate

PwWdNe

I. Dunnianum, T'utcher in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. xxxvii. 62.
On the banks of a stream at Samtamlo, Hongkong New
Territory. Fl. pink, March.

I. Griffithii, Hook. f. et Thoms.; Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 40. Near
the summit of the northern face of Mt. Nicholson, Hong-
kong. Fl. greenish, January.

2.—MAGNOLIA.

M. pumila, Andr.; Bot. Mag. t.977. In the Happy Valley
and Little Hongkong woods and on the north side of Mt.
Victoria, Hongkong; Lantao at 1500 ft.; Macao.
Fl. cream-coloured, May.

3.—MANGLIETIA.

. M. Fordiana, Oliver in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1953. One tree on the

Peak Road, Hongkong; Kwaisin, Hoifung. FI. cream-
coloured, May.

ae
Ps 8 i

4.—MICHELIA.

Key to species.

Petals 1 inch long, yellow... «lL. fuseata.
Petals 2-3 inches long, white... ... 2. Maudiae.

- M. fuscata, Blume; Magnolia fuscata, Andr.; Bot. Mac. t.
1008. On the south-west slope of Mt. Parker, Hongkong ;
Phenix Mt., Swatow. Fl. cream-coloured, April. ;

. M. Maudiae, Dunn in Journ, Linn. Soc. Bot. xxxviii, 353.
Fungwongshan, Hongkong New Territory. FI, white

+ February. a ia, Ed, eae .

29

5.—KADSURA.
Key to species.

1. Peduncle shorter than flower or fruit... 1. chinensis,
Peduncle longer than flower or fruit ... Die 8

2. Leaves acute, entire ... ss .. 2. Roxburghiana,
Leaves accuminate, serrate ... ... 3, japonica,

. K. chinensis, Hance in Benth. Fl. Hongk. 8. Hills on the

north side of the island and in Little Hongkong woods,
Hongkong. FI. purple, May.

. K. Roxburghiana, Arn.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. i.45. Happy

Valley woods, Hongkong; Malum. FI. red, September.

. K. japonica, Juss.; Uvaria japonica, Thunb. Fl. Jap. 237.

Phoenix Mt., Swatow; North River. FI. yellow, April.

ANONACEAE.
Key to genera.

1. Petals imbricate asi ie we L.. Uvaria.
Petals valvate ... sive ae oe 2.
2. Petals free, spreading ... ee sane 3.
Petals coherent below or throughout... 4,
3. Petals 4 inch a ‘ing we 4, Polyathia,
Petals more than 1 inch, lanceolate .... 3. Unonua.
4. Petals coherent below, free above 2. Artabotrys.
Inner petals coherent throughout 5. Melodorum.
1.—UVARIA.
Key to species.
1. Diameter of flower 1 inch or less... 3.
Diameter of flower more than 14 inches 2.
2. Diameter of flower 12 inches ... igi 4,
Diameter of flower 24 inches ... 3. purpurea.
3. Leaves obtuse ... 4, synsepala.
Leaves acuminate ws ies .» 1. calamistrata,
4. Diameter of flower twice that of androe-
cium we se ss .» 2. mierocarpa.
- Diameter of flower thrice that of androe-
cium on 5. Hamiltoniz.

. U. calamistrata, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1882, 77. Little Hong-

kong and the Black Mountain, Hongkong; Sanning,
Fl. yellow, May.

. U. microcarpa, Champ.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 10. Common in

Hongkong ; Lantao and foot of Taimoshan, Hongkong
New Territory; Sanning. FI. red, May.

. U. purpurea, Blume; Benth. lc. 9. In the Happy Valley

woods and on the Pokfulam Road, Hongkong. FI. red,
May. —— Ceti, Se

U. synsepala, Mig. in Journ. Bot. Néerl. i, 128. Bushy
places, Ho-an, Waichau. Fl.-—~, Spring. _

U. Hamiltonii, Hook. f. Fi, Brit. Ind. i. 48, Hongkong, FI.
purple, May, Te? uke Bence Utaaa des

sy Peper!
ee tered ela fc

30

2.—-ARTABOTRYS.
Key to species.

Petals not contracted ... ies w+ 1. honghongensis.
Petals contracted above the base wae =. 2. odoratissimus.

. A. hongkongensis, Hance; A. Blumei, Hook. f.; Benth. FI.

Hongk. 10. Happy Valley woods, Hongkong ; Lantao.
at 1500 ft. Hongkong New Territory. Fl. yellow, May.

. A. odoratissimus, R. Br.; Benth. lc, Near the Buddhist

Temple, Causeway Bay, Hongkong; Macao, cultivated.
Fl. yellow, May.

3.—UNONA.

U.discolor, Vahl; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 11. Common in
Hongkong; Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory ;
Tai-iushan near Samshui. FI. yellow, June.

4.—POLYATHIA.
1. P. suberosa, Benth. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 65. Pakhoi.
FI. red-brown, April.
5.—MELODORUM.
Key to species.
1, Leaves downy below... we 1. Oldham.
Leaves glabrous ... eee ae 2.
2. Leaves glaucous ... oe we 2. glaucescens.
Leaves brown below a8 w» 8. ~ Uonicum.,

1. M. Oldhami, Hems/. Enum. Pl. China.i. 27. Mt. Parker south,
Hongkong ; Lantao, Hongkong New Territory ; Phoenix
Mountain and Yit-hai, Swatow. Fl. yellow, April.

2. M. glaucescens, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1881, 112. Victoria
Peak, Little Hongkong and Happy Valley woods, Hong-
kong. FI. reddish, August.

3. M. Uonicum, Dunn in Journ, Bot. 1910, 323. Wongneichong-

. Anthers adnate

Taitam Road, Hongkong; rocky ravines, Lantao Island,
Hongkong New Territory. Fl. yellowish green, April.

MENISPERMACEAE.

Key to genera.

. Anthers on circumference of disk 4. Cyclea,

Anthers distinct, stalked as 2

. Leaves usually peltate ; flowers in

umbels or heads aie w- 5, Stephania.
Flowers in panicles or solitary ... 3.
Anthers terminal globular, 4-lobed,

style cylindric so 2. Cocculus.

. Style 2-cleft ; leaves broadly ovate 3. Pericampylus.

Style flat ; leaves sagittate ... 1. Limacia,

\

31

1.—LIMACIA.
Key to species.

1, Leaves sagittate its ae we 1. sagittata,
Leaves lanceolate ee ite we =: 2, cuspidata.

1, L. sagittata, Oliver in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1749. On Mt, Parker
south and in Little Hongkong woods, Hongkong. FI.
greenish-yellow, April.

2. L. cuspidata, Hook. f. et Thoms.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 12.
Happy Valley woods, Pokfulam Conduit and Taitam,
Hongkong. FI. greenish yellow, May.

2.—COCCULUS.
Key to species.

1. Erect shrub... ss sia .. ~~ L. laurifolius.
Climbing plant... we ae av 2.

2. Leaves cuneate, obtuse, reticulate ... 2. cuneatus.
Leaves ovate... ee vee wn 3.

3. Leaf-stalk longer than glabrous leaf... 3. macrocarpa.
Leaf-stalk shorter than downy leaf ... 4. Thunbergii.

1, C. laurifolius, DC.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 101. Lienchow
River. Fl. yellow, autumn.

2. C. cuneatus, Benth. ; Nephroica cuneifolia, Miers, Contrib. Bot.
ili, 266. Near the White Cloud Hills, Canton. FI. .
May.

3. C. eet ne Wight et Arn,; Benth. Fl, Hough. 12. Mt.
Kellet, Mt. Gough and in the Happy Valley woods,
Hongkong ; Lantao, Hongkong New Territory. F'l.cream-
coloured, June.

4. C. Thunbergii, DC. ; C. ovalifolius, Benth. l.c. 13. | Ravines of
Mt. Victoria, Hongkong ; Lantao and Deep Bay, Hong-
kong New Territory; Sanning; Hoifung. FI. yellow,
May.

3.—PERICAMPYLUS.

1, P.incanus, Miers; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 13. Happy Valley
woods and Sukunpo hills, Hongkong ; foot of Phoenix Mt.,
Swatow. Fl. yellow, April.

4.—CYCLEA.

. C. deltoidea, Miers; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 14. North side of
Mt. Victoria, Hongkong ; Kwangtung without locality.
FI. greenish yellow, August.

—

5.—-STEPHANIA.

. 8. hernandifolia, Walp.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 13. Little Hong-
kong ; Maodnshan, Hongkong New ‘Territory ; Swatow ;
Lotoushan, Fl. yellow, April.

32

BERBERIDACEAE,.
Key to genera.
1, Leaves compound *" ... an bes 2.
Leaves simple ... © «+ bso ple 5.
2. Leaves digitate aoe er i 3.
Leaves pinnate ... ae ... 93. Berberis.
4

Ww

. Leaflets serrate
Leaflets entire ... ae
Stamens monadelphous
Stamens free

Leaves peltate ...
Leaves not peltate

. Epimedium.
4,

Stauntonia.
. Akebia.

. Podophyllum.
. Berberis.

woe

1.—STAUNTONTIA.
Key to species.

. Leaflets 5 or more... was ae 2.
Leaflets 3 dave, . Se ee v1, elliptica.
. Leaflets rounded at top sis .. 2, obovata.

Leaflets acuminate... ene wus 3.
Leaflets oblong; stamens long-horned 3. chinensis.
Leaflets ovate ; stamens short-horned... 4. heraphylia.

. 8. elliptica, Hems/. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2844. Hill near Chao-

chaufu, Swatow ; Lienchow River. Fl. green, August.

8. obovata, Hemsl. 1. c. t. 2847. On the northern slopes of Mt.
Victoria and Mt. Gough, Hongkong; Taimoshan at
1000 ft., Hongkong New Territory ; hill near Chaochaufu,
Swatow. Fl. yellow, February.

8. chinensis, DC.; Hemsl. 1. c. t. 2846. Mt. Parker and Mt.
Gough, Hongkong ; Taimoshan, Hongkong New Terri-
tory ; Phoenix Mountain, Swatow. FI. yellow, March.

8. hexaphylla, Decne. ; Sieb. et Zucc. Fl. Jap. i. 148. Mount
Parker, Hongkong. FI. yellow, February.

2.—AKEBIA.

. A. lobata, Decne, in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 2, xii. 107. Slopes of

Phoenix Mountain, Swatow; Lienchow River. FI. red,

April.
3.—BERBERIS.
Key to species.
Leaves pinnate... ay i s+ 1. nepalensis.
Leaves simple ... ats ves ee) 2, Wallichiana.

. B. nepalensis, Spreng.; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind.i. 109. Lantao
and Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory ; Yingfa and
Shiukwan Rivers. Fl. yellow, April.

- B. Wallichiana, DC.; Hook. £. 1. ¢. 110. Top of Phenix
Mountain, Swatow, FI. yellow, April,

—_

—_

33

4.—EPIMEDIUM.

. E. sagittatum, Baker in Gard. Chron. (1880) xiii. 683
Lienchow River. FI. white, March.

5.—PODOPHYLLUM.

. P. versipelle, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1883 362. Lofoushan.
Fl. dark red, May.

NYMPHAEACEAE.
1.—EURYALE.

. E. ferox, Salisb.; DC. Prodr.i. 114. West River. Fl. violet,
August.
PAPAVERACEAE,
Key to genera.

. Flowers single, regular he five 2.

Flowers racemose, irregular ... w+ 3. Corydalis.
. Plant prickly ... _ fer we 2. Argemone.

Plant unarmed ... te oe w» 1. Papaver.

1.—PAPAVER.

. P. somniferum, Linn.; DC. Prodr. i. 119. Fallow fields,
Swatow. Fl. white, April.

2.—ARGEMONE.

. A. mexicana, Linn. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 15. On roadsides and
waste places, Hongkong. Fl. yellow, May.

3.—CORYDALIS.
Key to species.

Flowers yellow... se ‘ide L. pallida.
Flowers white and purple... we 2. suaveolens.

. ©. pallida, Pers.; DC. Prodr.i. 129. North River; river bank
near Chaochaufu. FI. golden yellow, March.

2. C. suaveolens, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1880, 258. North River.

F. white and purple, January.

CRUCIFERAE.
Key to genera.

. Pods with a conspicuous beak 2
Beak none or small... on we Be
» Pods ovoid-oblong —.... ai we 4, Eruca.
Pods linear ain ous we 4
216515 c

34

3. Pods short, globular, me te or

4,

5.
6.

Zs

8.

1,

2.

1.

bo

1.

2.

3.

obcordate ... 5.
Pods linear ea es a6 8.
Pods jointed : sie Raphanus.
Pods continuous ... . Brassica.
Pods obecordate ... . Capsella.
Pods globular, didymous o or oblong 6
Pods didymous
Pods not didymous
Pods round, compressed .. oe
Pods globular or oblong .. ee
Seeds in 2 rows és sae
Seeds in 1 row

Oro OO

Senebiera.

7.
. Lepidium.
Nasturtium.
Nasturtium.
Cardamine.

Wee war OD
. . . e

1—NASTURTIUM.

Key to species.

Pod globose or si ais wigs 2.

Pod linear .. aoe .» Ll. montanum,
Pod globose. ae as «» 2. globosum.

Pod oblong ste wae ... 3, microspermum.

N. montanum, Wall.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 16. A common
weed in Hongkong; Swatow; Sanning. FI. yellow,
April.

. N. globosum, Zurez.; N. cantoniense, Hance in Journ. Bot.

1865, 378. Banks of the West River. Fl. yellow, June.

. N. microspermum, DC. Prodr. i. 139. In ullieated fields,

Hongkong; Hahang, Hongkong New Territory ; near
Chaochautu; Whampoa ; ae near Canton. Fl.
white, April.

2.—CARDAMINE.
Key to species.

. Leaves:simple ... is ve 1, Lamontiz.

Leaves compound... a Ba 2,

. Leaves trifoliolate “id «» 2. paradoxa.

Leaflets 5 or more es .. 38, hirsuta.

C. Lamontii, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1876, 363. In Little Hong-
kong woods. FI. white, September.

C. paradoxa, Hance, |. c. 1868, 111. West River near the
Cockscomb Rocks. FI. white, May.

C. hirsuta, Linn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 16. In cultivated
ground, Hongkong ; Chaochaufu. FI. white, Spring.

3.—BRASSICA.

. B. chinensis, Linn. ; DC. Prodr. i. 215. Hahang, Hongk
New Territory. Fl. white or yellow, inten ongkong

35

4.—ERUCA.

E. sativa, Lam.; DC. Prodr. i. 223. Kowloon, Hongkong.
FI. white or yellow.

5.—CAPSELLA.

. C. Bursa-pastoris, Moench ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 16. A common

weed in Hongkong ; Chaochaufu. Fl. white, Winter and
Spring.

6.—SENEBIERA.

. 8. pinnatifida, DC. Prodr. i. 203. In waste places in Hongkong
and Kowloon; Swatow. Fl. white, March.

7.—LEPIDIUM.

1. L. ruderale, Zinn.; DC. Prodr. i. 205. Hongkong? Fi.
white, May.
8.—RAPHANUS.
1. R. Raphanistrum, Linn.; DC. Prodr. i. 229. Fields near
Swatow. Fl. white, April.
CAPPARIDACEAE.
Key to genera.
1. Leaves compound ds eas eee 2.
Leaves simple ... Hee ben .» 2. Capparis.
2. Leaves quinate ae Be oe L, Polanisim,
Leaves ternate ... nee ane w. 3. Crataeva.
1.—POLANISIA.
1. P. viscosa, DC. Prodr. i. 242. In waste places in Hongkong ;

Ngauchiwan and Kowloon City, Hongkong New Territory.
Fl. yellow, June.

2.—CAPPARIS.
Key to species.

1. Flowers solitary axillary ie a 2.
Flowers panicled or umbelled... eee 3.

2. Sepals glabrous ive in wl. membranacea.
Sepals tomentose a ek wo =. 2. Swinhoii.

3. Flowers panicled aise ss .» 3, pumila.
Flowers umbelled ves Pi w. 4. sepiaria.

1. C. membranacea, Gard. et Champ.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 18.

Happy Valley woods, behind the Buddhist ee Cause-
way Bay and on Mt. Victoria, Hongkong ; Whampoa.
Fl. white, April.

21615 C2

36

. C. Swinhoii, Hance in Journ, Bot. 1868, 296. Pakhoi ; Paksha,
S. point of Kwangtung. Fl. white, November.

3. C. pumila, Champ.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 18. Happy Valley
woods and behind the Buddhist Temple, Causeway Bay,
Hongkong ; Yit-hai, Swatow ; North River, Canton. Fl.
white, September.
. CO. sepiaria, Zinn.; Hook. f. Fi. Brit. Ind. i. 177. Pakhoi.
Fl. white, May.

8.—-CRATAEVA.

. CG. religiosa, Forst.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 172. Pakhoi.
FI. cream-coloured, April.

VIOLACEAE.
1.—VIOLA.
Key to species.
. All leaves and peduncles radical ci 3.
Some or all flowers from leafy shoots 2.
. Plant with primary rosette... ae 4,
No primary rosette of leaves ... ww» Ll. verecunda,
. Petiole winged ... we we .. 2, Patrinit.
Petiole wingless we ves «. 3. japonica,
. Petiole winged ... ve tse ww. 4, diffusa.

Petiole wingless as aia ‘a .
. Fruit valves flat after dehiscence ... 5. serpens.
Fruit valves rolled together ... .. 6. sylvestris.

. V. verecunda, A. Gr.; V. excisa, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1868,
296. On Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory; on a

wet bank, foot of the White Cloud Mountain, Canton.
Fl. violet, April.

. V. Patrinii, DC. ; Benth. fl. Hongk. 20. On Victoria Peak
Hongkong ; Hongkong New Territory ; Swatow; Lien-
chow River; Sanning. Fl. light blue, January to March.

. V. japonica, Langsd.; DC. Prodr. i. 295. Canton and Lien- °
chow River. FI. blue, December.

. V. diffusa, Ging.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 20. Common on the
summits of the hills, Hongkong ; on Taimoshan and Ma-
on-shan, Hongkong New Territory ; Phoenix Mountain,
Yit-hai and Chaochaufu, Swatow. Fl. white, January to
April.
. V. serpens, Wall.; V. confusa, Champ. ; Benth. 1.c. On Mt.
Parker and Mt. Victoria, Hongkong ; near Swatow ; Can-
ton; Pakhoi. Fl. pale blue, March.

. V. sylvestris, Ait. ; Maxim. in Mél. Biol. ix. 743. Locality ?
Fi. pale blue, April.

37

BIXACEAE.,
Key to genera,
Flowers hermaphodite... os .. — L. Scolopia.
Flowers dioecious tis ie w. 2, Xylosma.
1.—SCOLOPIA.

. 8. crenata, Clos.; S. chinensis, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 19. Com-
mon in Hongkong; Lantao and Ma-onshan, Hongkong
New Territory; Swatow; Hoifung; Ngtungshan, near
Hongkong. FI. white, August.

2.—XYLOSMA.
Key to species,

. Leaves 2 inches or more sa oe 2.
Leaves under 1 inch ... PAA ws Le. senticosum.

. Leaves glabrous below ile w. . 2. racemosum.
Leaves pubescent below oe .. 3. controversum.

. X. senticosum, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1868, 328. Victoria
Peak, Hongkong; Swatow. Fl. white, June.

. X. racemosum, Mig. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. ii. 155.
Lienchow River and Canton. Fl. white, August.

. X. controversum, Clos. ;; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 194. Lien-
chow River. FI]. white, summer.

PITTOSPORACEAE.

1.—PITTOSPORUM.
Key to species.

. Capsule 3-valved iw ave .. — L. glabrata.
Capsule 2-valved see wes 2.
. Leaves rounded at the top... we 2, Tobira.
Leaves acuminate sae sae we 3. pauciflorum.

. P. glabratum, Zindl.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 19. Commen in
shady woods in Hongkong ; Tintao-ngam, Ma-onshan and
Shatin Road, Hongkong New Territory; Phenix
Mountain, Swatow. F'l. cream-coloured, April.

. P. Tobira, Azt.; Bot. Mag. t. 1396. Hillside and in a small
wood near Swatow. Fl. yellow, April.

3. P. pauciflorum, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. 259.
Lienchow River. FI. yellow, April.

POLYGALACEAE.

Key to genera.

. Climbing shrub ce wits ww. 8. Securidaca.
Erect shrub or herb... ie ate 2,

38

. Flowers minute, crowded in terminal :
spikes wee a teen a v1. Salomonza.
Flowers 3!,-1 inch, in racemes .. 2 Polygala.

1.—SALOMONIA.
Key to species.

1. Leaves none... a da we 1. aphylla.
Leaves present ... ee we ate 2.

2. Leaves cordate or orbicular ... 2, eantoniensis.
Leaves oblong ... ‘ies ee .. 3, oblongifolia.

1. S. aphylla, Griff. ; Hook. £. Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 207. Lofoushan.
Fl. brown, August.

2. S. cantoniensis, Lour.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 44. In marshy
fields, Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hongkong New
Territory ; Whampoa and Lofoushan. Fl. pmk, August.

3. 8. oblongifolia, DC.; Benth. 1. c. In fields, Hongkong ;
Hoifung. FI. pink, September.

2.—POLYGALA.
Key to species.
1. Shrub ortree ... zis ae wis 2.
Herb sometimes a little woody at base ;
bracts caducous sah sisi 3.
2. Flowers 1 inch long, in long drooping
racemes... or ae .. lL. aureocauda,

Flowers 4 inch long 2. Wattersii.

3. Flowers 75 inch : 3. telephioides.
Flowers 3-4 inch te on ive 4,

4, Racemes or panicles terminal ... w= 7. nimborum.
Racemes axillary ais tae 5.

5. Racemes long, many-flowered... ae 6.
Racemes short, few-flowered ... . 4 glomerata.

6. Veins of leaves obsolete a .. 5. hongkhongensis.
Veins of leaves evident hia .» 6. stbirica,

1, P. aureocauda, Dunn in Kew Bull. 1911, 188. Mt. Gough,

is)

rs

Mt. Kellet and near the Taitam-Shaukiwan Road, Hong-
kong ; Taimoshan in Hongkong New Territory ; Kwaisin,
Hoifung. Fl. yellow, August.

. P. Wattersii, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1881, 209. Lienchow
River. Fl. yellow, April.

. P. telephioides, Willd.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 205. Little
Hongkong ; Whampoa and Hoifung. Fl. —, September.

. P.glomerata, Lour.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 44. In open places in
the Happy Valley woods, Hongkong; Lienchow River,
Lofoushan and Sanning. Fl. pink and green, August.

. P. hongkongensis, Hems/. Knum. Pl. China, i. 60. Wongnei-

chong Gap, Mt. Parker and Victoria Peak, Hongkong.
FI. white ?, April. ne eae

39

6. P. sibirica, Linn.; P. elegans, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 44. _Hong-
kong; Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory ; Phoenix
Mountain, Swatow ; North River. Fl. blue, April.

7. P. nimborum, Dunn sp.n. P. Latouchei, Franch. (ut videtur ex
descriptione) affinis sed carina cristata foliisque non ciliatis
differt.

Suffrutex praeter ramos foliaque omnino glaber, ramis a caule
prostrato simplicibus, primo puberulis. Folia oblongo-
ovata, apice basique acuta, brevissime acuminata, ad 7°5 cm.
longa, membranacea, praeter marginem infra adpresse
hirsutam glabra, venis 5-6-paribus, ob colore tantum con-
spicuis, quaque in proximam arcuata; petioli ad 1°5 cm.
longi. Racemi in summis ramis solitarii vel paniculam
formantes, 4-5 em. longi. Flores breviter pedunculati,
rubelli,, 7 mm. longi. Sepala exteriora inaequalia, duo
antica suborbicularia obtusa, posticum saccatum. Alae
deciduae, obovatae ; carinae limbus cuculliformis unguiculo
brevior ; crista sessilis, in filamenta linearia laciniata ;
petala superiora per tres partes cum carina ope tubi
staminalis connata, obtusa, carina brevicra. ntherae
glabrae, filamentorum parte libera breviores. Stigmata
inaequalia, superius breve dentiforme, inferius subrotun-
datum, pendens, vix prominens.

Summit of the Phoenix Mountain at about 5000 feet, Dunn’s
Han Expedition, 11. 4.1909, Herb. Hongk. n. 6419. FI.
rose, April.

3.—SECURIDACA.

1. 8. tavoyana, Wall.: S. scandens, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 45. In
woods at Little Hongkong, Mt. Parker, Sukunpo and
Wongneichong, Hongkong. Fl. pink, August.

: CARYOPHYLLACEAE.
Key to genera.

1. Sepals united into a tube — vw. Ll. Dianthus.
Sepals free... wi = see 2

2. Styles distinct ... ie ae oe 3.
Styles united in a colum wee aint 5.

3. Leaves flat... eae #8 me 4,
Leaves subulate 4, Sagina,

4, Sepals entire... F 3. Arenaria.
Sepals bifid ... ses 2. Stellaria.

5. Leaves orbicular 5. Drymaria.
Leaves linear or oblong 5.

6. Leaves subulate eh 7. Polycarpaea.
Leaves oblong or spathulate ... 6. Polycarpon.

1.—DIANTHODS.

D. longicalyx, Miq. is not distinguishable from D. superbus, L.
and D. Morrisii, Hance is certainly the cultivated
D. Caryophyllus, L.

40

1. D. longicalyx, Mig. in Journ. de Bot. Néerl. i. 127. Fookwing,
Sanon District near sea. a

2. D. Morrisii, Hance in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. vil. 472.
Lintin Island.

3. D. superbus, Linn.; DC. Prodr. i.365.. Grassy places, Lantao,
Hongkong New Territory; N. River. Fl. pink, June

and July.
2.—_STELLARIA.
Key to species.
1. Styles 5 se ae ne .. 1. aquatica,
Styles 3 se isle ane sea 4.
2. Stem with a line of hairs... we 2, media.
Stem glabrous, square es .» 3. uliginosa.

—

. 8. aquatica, Scop.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 21. In paddy fields
and cultivated ground, Hongkong; in paddy fields near
Swatow. Fl. white, April.

S. media, Cyr.; Benth. 1.c. In cultivated ground, Hongkong ;
Swatow. Fl. white, April. :

3. S. uliginosa, Murr.; Benth. 1. c. 22. In cultivated ground,

Hongkong ; Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory. FI.

white, April.

S

3.—ARENARIA.

. A. serpyllifolia, Zinn.; DC. Prodr. i. 411. On the bank of
the Han River, Swatow. FI. white, April.

4.—-SAGINA.

. 8. Linnaei, Presi. ; S. sinensis, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1868, 46.
A weed in the Botanic Gardens, Hongkong. FI. white,
May.

—

5.—DRYMARIA.

1. D. cordata, Willd.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 22. On roadsides at
Little Hongkong and Bowen Rd., Hongkong ; Kwangtung
without locality. Fl. green, October.

6.—POLYCARPON.
1. P. Loeflingiae, Edgew. in Hook. f. FJ. Brit. Ind. i. 245. Pakhoi
and the West River. Fl. white, May.

7.—POLYCARPAEA.

1. P. corymbosa, Lam.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 22. Deepwater Bay
amongst short grass near the sea ; Ngauchiwan and Quarry
Isle, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. white, July.

41

PORTULACACEAE.

1.—PORTOLACA.

1, P. oleracea, Linn. ; Benth. Fl, Hongk. 17. A common weed
in cultivated ground, Hongkong; hill near Chaochautu,
Swatow. Fl. yellow, April.

TAMARIXACEAE.

1.—TAMARIX.

1, T. chinensis, Lour.; DC. Prodr. iii. 96. Canton, cultivated.
FI. white, June.

ELATINACEAE.
1.—BERGIA.
Key to species.
Flowers in dense verticils _... «Ll. ammanioides.
Flowers solitary, axillary ... w- 2, glandulosa.

1, B. ammanioides, Roxb. ; DC. Prodr. i. 390. In an occupied
field near Canton. FI. white, September.

2. B. glandulosa, Zwurez.in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. xxvii. (1854) ii.
371. At Shuikwan (Shaochaufu), North River in dry
paddy fields. Fl. white, August.

HY PERICACEAE.

Key to genera.

Tree... sis ss ale we = 2. Cratoaxylon,
Shrub or herb ... aie aes we = L. Hypericum.
1.—HYPERICUM.

Key to species,

1. Leaves connate... aes sR we 1. Sampsoni.
Leaves distinct... dite Site iis 2.

2. Shrub... its wie sie w. 2. chinense.
Herb... ane a He vas 3.

3. Styles 5 ies ee eee .. 8. Aseyron,
Styles 3 i nie ave Be 4,

4, Leaves with numerous pellucid dots .... 5. japonicum.
Leaves with few small dots ... v4. attenuatum,

1, H. Sampsoni, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1865, 378. Lantao, Hong-
kong New Territory ; Swatow; Lukfo, west of Canton.
Fl. yellow, May.

2. H. chinense, Linn. ; DC. Prodr. i. 545. Lienchow and North
Rivers. Fil. yellow, July.

42

3. H. Ascyron, Linn.; DC. Prodr. i, 545. Probably recorded in
error. -

4, H. attenuatum, Choisy in DC. Prodr. i. 548. Kwaisin,
Hoitfung District and Lofoushan. FI. yellow, September.

5. H. japonicum, Thund.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 23. ,Common in
damp situations, Hongkong ; river bank near Choachaufu,
Swatow. Fl. yellow, April.

2.—CRATOXYLON.

. C. polyanthum, Korth.; Dyer in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. India i. 257.
Very abundant in the lower grounds, Hongkong ; Lantao,
Hongkong New Territory; Macao; Whampoa. Fl
pink, May.

—

GUTTIFERAE,
Key to genera.

Nerves of leaves very close and parallel 2. Calophyllum.
Nerves of leaves distant ese ws = 1. Garcinia.

1.—GARCINIA.
Key to species,

Flowers corymbose; stamens in 4

bundles... ae ise w+ lL. multiflora.
Flowers solitary or fascicled ; stamens

monadelphous ae ite . 2. oblongifolia.

1. G. multiflora, Champ.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 25. Little Hong-
kong woods, Victoria Peak, Bowen Road and Quarry Bay,
Hongkong. Fl. yellow, May.

2. G. oblongifolia, Champ. ; Benth. 1.c. 25. In Taitam and the
Happy Valley woods, Hongkong. FI. yellow, May.

2.—CALOPHYLLUM.

1. C. membranaceum, Gardn.; Benth. FI. Hongk. 25. Mt.
Victoria and the Happy Valley woods, Hongkong ;
Madénshan, Hongkong New Territory; Lanfa, nr. Hoifung.
FI. yellow, May.

TERNSTROEMIACEAE.
Key to genera.

1. Anthers versatile 2.
Anthers basifixed 7,

2. Fruit fleshy 3.
Fruit dry is dae a sie 4.

3. Climbing plant ... es wale -. 5. Actinidia.
EEE ante ae i nike -- 6. Saurauja.

4. Seeds winged wes — 7s :
Seeds wingless ... sia sale se 6.

43

5. Capsule spheroidal 7. Schima,
Capsule oblong ... vas .. 8. Gordonia.
Capsule dehiscing by valves... we = «9, Tuteheria,
Capsule dehiscing irregularly ... .-+ 10, Camellia.

7. Fruit indehiscent sts aed wie 8.
Fruit dehiscent... 4. Pentaphylaz.

8. Pedicels longer than flower 9.
Pedicels usually shorter than flower ... 3. Eurya.

9. Seeds few, large 1. Lernstroemia.
Seeds many, small 2. Adinandra.

lo

bp

oe

1.—_TERNSTROEMIA.

T. japonica, Zhund.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 27. Common in
Hongkong on the hills. FI. pale yellow, May.

2.—ADINANDRA.

. A Millettii, Benth.; Cleyera Millettii, Hook. et Arn. Bot.

Beech. Voy. 171. On hill south of Little Hongkong
estuary and on hill north of Aberdeen, Hongkong ;
Lantao Island, Hong Kong New Territory ; on hill near
Chaochaufu, Swatow; White Cloud hills, Canton. FI.
white, April,

3.—EURYA.

. Leaves completely embracing the stem 7. eee

Leaves not eee

. Styles distinct . a vin Hi, ils en
Styles united ... ‘ies ais wes 3.

. Fruit silky : 2. distichophylla.
Fruit glabrous ... el sa des 4,

. Fruit smooth ... des ‘ate ws 5.
Fruit muricate . F 3. muricata,

. Leaves oblanceolate, serrate ; : stems

angled ais ive ats 6.

Leaves oblong, serrulate 4. symplocina.

. Stem glabrous ... 5. japonica,
Stem pilose 6. chinensis.

. E. Macartneyi, eis Benth, Fl. Hons 27. On hills on
the north side of Hongkong ; Taimoshan, Hongkong New
Territory. Fl. white, November.

. E. distichophylla, Hemsi. Enum. Pl. China, i. 77. On Mt.

Parker north, Hongkong; hill near Chaochaufu. FI.
nearly black, November.

E. muricata, Dunn in Journ. Bot. 1910, 324. On Mt. Victoria
and Mt. Gough, Hongkong, frequent ; Sanning. FI.
white, March.

. E. symplocina, Blume; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 284. Kwaisin,

near Hoifung. FI. , October ?

. E. japonica, Thunb. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 8. Very common in

Hongkong ; Hahang and Patsin, Hongkong New Terri-
tory ; hillsides near Yit-hai, Swatow ; White Cloud hills,
Canton. FI. white, November.

44

6. E. chinensis, R. Br.; Dyer in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 285.
Happy Valley and Victoria Peak, Hongkong ; Swatow..
Fl. white, March. ;

7. BE. amplexifolia, Dunn sp. nov.; a specie Philippina 2. am-
plexicauli, 8S. Moore, quae sola in genere folia similia habet,
stylis alte connatis differt. ;

Frutex mediocris, praeter calyces omnino glaber, ramulis. ob
foliis anguste decurrentibus bialatis. Folia sessilia,
lanceolata, acuminata, profunde cordata vel sagittata,
ob auriculas obtegentes foliis basi rotundatis per-
foliatis similia, 7°5 cm. longa, per totam longitudinem
crebre serrulata, coriacea, costa superne impressa, subtus
prominente, venis secundariis patentibus frequentibus mox
anastomosantibus. lores feminei sessiles, in axillis 3-4-
tim fasciculati. Sepala rotundata, 2-3 mm. longa, adpresse
sericea. Petala obovata, sepalis paullo longiora. Bacca
ovalis, acuminata, 4-6 mm. longa; stylus brevis, apice
breviter tripartita.

Summit of the Phoenix Mt. near Swatow at about 5000 feet.
Dunn’s Han Expedition, Hongk. Herb. n. 5832. FI.
whitish, April.

4.—PENTAPHYLAX.

1. P. euryoides, Gardn. et Champ.; Benth. FI. Hongk. 28.
Common in the woods and on the hillsides, Hongkong.
Fl. white, July.

5.—ACTINIDIA.
Key to species.

1, Peduncles branched, many-flowered .... 1. Championii. 3

Peduncles 1-3-flowered bes are 2.

2. Leaves glabrous ih sis «» 2. callosa.
Leaves woully beneath wise aes 3.

3. Leaves thickly coriaceous; veins im-

pressed. above aie oe -» 5. pachyphylla.

Leaves papery ; veins not impressed... 4.

4. Sepals and leaves oblong aes .. 3. fulvicoma.
Sepals and leaves ovate ses «+ 4, lanata.

1, A. Championi, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 26. Common in the island of
Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory ;
Hoifung. Fl. orange-coloured, June.

2. A. callosa, Zindl.; Dyer in Hook. f, Fl. Brit. Ind. i, 286.
North River. Fl. white, March.

3. A. fulvicoma, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1885, 321. Lofoushan.
Fi. May.

4, A. lanata, Hemsl. in Ann. Bot. ix. 146. North-west River :
top of Phoenix Mt., Swatow. FI. white, April. ;

5. A. pachyphylla, Dunn in Journ, Linn. Soc. xxxix, 409.
Phoenix Mt., near Swatow. Fl. white, May to June.

—_

45

6.—_SAURAUJA.

. 8. tristyla, DC.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 27. Near watercourses

at Little Hongkong; Lantao, Hongkong New Territory ;
Hoifung ; Swatow ; Shuikwan (Shaochaufu) on the North
River; Sanning. Fl. pink, August.

7.—SCHIMA.

1. 8. Noronhae, Reinw.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 29. In the Happy

~

Valley and Little Hongkong woods and on the south
face of High West, Hongkong ; on the bank of the Han
River, Swatow ; Lofoushan. Fl. white, May.

8.—GORDONIA.

. G. anomala, Spreng.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 29. Very common

on the hills of Hongkong ; ; on the hills near the third mile
stone on the Taipo Road, Hongkong New Territory ;
Hoifung. Fl. hits; October.
9.—TUTCHERIA.
Key to species.

Leaves 6 inches long or more... .» 1. spectabilis.
Leaves under 5 inches long... «2. microcarpa.

. T. spectabilis, Dunn in Journ. Bot. 1908, 324. In the Happy

Valley woods and on Mt. Parker, Hongkong; Lofoushan.
Fl. white, May.

. T. microcarpa, Dunn in Journ. Bot. 1909, 197. Mt. Nicholson,

Hongkong ; Lofoushan. Fl. unknown.

10.—CAMELLIA.
Key to species.

1. Flowers nodding, 1-14 inches diameter 2.
Flowers erect, 2~4 inches diameter ... 5.
2. Stamens glabrous se vie ow Ls Dhan,
Stamens hairy ... ane is iis 3.
3. Sepals acute... ssi aise .- 2 salicifolia.
Sepals obtuse ;
4, Stamens united to athe, “of their length 3. assimilis,
Stamens united to 2rds, of their length 4. caudata.
5. Styles united ee se «+ 5. druptfera,
Styles distinct . sy wii ae 6.
6. Flowers red... wer Bee «» 6. honghongensis.
Flowers white ... 7.
7. Leaves 4-6 inches long ; flowers 4
inches in diameter ce «7. Crapnelliana.
Leaves 2-3 inches long; flowers 3
inches in diameter ie 8. Sasanqua. —
1, C. Thea, Link ;. C. thetfera, Dyer in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. i,

292, Mt. Parker south and east, Hongkong ; Kowloon

46

City Gap, Hongkong New Territory ; Lanfa Mt., Hoifung.
Probably in all cases cultivated or a relic of cultivation.
F]. white, November. .

. C. salicifolia, Champ.; Benth, Fl. Hongk. 30. Common in
the Happy Valley and Little Hongkong woods. FI.
white, November. i.e

. C. assimilis, Champ.; Benth. 1. c. 30. On Victoria Peak,
Hongkong ; on the Taipo Road, Hongkong New Territory.
FI. white, February.

. C. caudata, Wall.; Dyer 1. c. 293. On Mt. Parker south,
Hongkong; North River; Lofoushan ; Hoifung. Fl. white,
December.

. CO. drupifera, Zour.; Dyer 1. c. 293. At Wongmakok, Hong-
kong ; Hongkong New Territory opposite Cape Collinson ;
Lofoushan; North and Lienchow Rivers; Fl. white,
November.

. C. hongkongensis, Seem.; Benth. 1. c. 30. In the Happy
Valley and Little Hongkong woods, at Taitam, on Mt.
Victoria and on Mt. Kellet, Hongkong. FI. red, January.
. C. Crapnelliana, Zutcher in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. xxvii. 63.
On Mt. Parker south, only one tree, Hongkong. FI.
white, November.

. C. Sasanqua, Thund.; Bot. Mag. t. 5152. Taimoshan and
Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory; North and
West Rivers. Fl. white, November.

MALVACEAE.
Key to genera.

. Carpels united into a capsule ... me 5,

Carpels distinct, separating from the
axis avs tes se asa 2.

. Carpels covered with barbed bristles... 5. Urena.
Carpels not so clothed... sas oe 3.

. Outer bracts of calyx 0 oe a. 8. Stda,
Outer bracts of calyx 1-3... ae 4,

. Leaves orbicular ‘ies wl. Malva.
Leaves oblong ... ae i -. 2, Malvastrum.

4, Leaves digitate ; tree... ‘ie a. 7. Bombaz.

Leaves simple or stems herbaceous ... 6.

. Staminal column bearing anthers at
summit only a wes ast
Staminal column bearing anthers
throughout ... sie Se . 6. Hibiscus.

4, Abutilon.

1.—MALVA.
Key to species. ;
Flowers nearly sessile ... ‘iss we Ly. verticillata.
Flowers shorter than pedicels... s+ — -Q. sylvestris,

1, M. verticillata, Linn. ; Masters in Hook, £. Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 320.

Roadsides near Causeway Bay, Hongkong. FL. purple
February. ;

bo

—

47

. M. sylvestris, Zinn. ; Masters |. c. Cultivated in Hongkong.

Fl. purple, April.

2.—MALVASTRUM.

. M. tricuspidatum, A. Gray ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 32. In waste
places and roadsides, Hongkong ; near Chaochaufu, and
on the river bank, Swatow. Fl. pale yellow, April to.
September.

3.—SIDA.
Key to species.

. Under side of leaves glabrous,
pubescent or with long hairs... as
Under side of leaves tomentose des 4,
. Leaves cordate... ise site we 1. humilis.
Leaves lanceolate or ovate... aie 3.
. Leaves lanceolate with persistent
stipules... sis ati w= 2. acuta,
Leaves ovate, stipules caducous .. 38. corylifolia.
. Leaves oblong, white beneath a. 4, rhombifolia.
Leaves orbicular or broadly cordate ... 5.
. Leaves small, nearly orbicular a 5. fallax’
Leaves broadly cordate ai 7 6. cordifolia,

. 8. humilis, Willd. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 32. Happy Valley and
in waste places, Hongkong; Swatow; Hoifung. FI.
yellow, October to January.

. 8. acuta, Burm.; Benth. 1. c. 32. On roadsides, Hongkong ;
Kowloon catchwater and Pengchau Island, Hongkong
New Territory ; Hoifung. Fl. yellow, October.

. 8. corylifolia, Wall.; Masters in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 324.
Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. yellow,
July.

. 8. rhombifolia, Zinn.; Masters 1. c. i. 323. Roadsides at
Victoria Peak, Mt. Gough and Cape d’Aguilar, Hongkong.
Fl. yellow, August to December.

. 8. fallax, Walp.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 33. Hongkong without
locality. Liu-ng, Swatow; MHoifung; Pakhoi. FI.
yellow, April.

. 8. cordifolia, Linn. ; Benth. 1. c. 33, Hast Point, Hongkong ;
Yaumati, mainland opposite Hongkong. FI. yellow,
August.

®

4.—ABUTILON.

. A. indicum, Don ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 33. East Point on the

roadside, and Stonecutters’ Island, Hongkong ; Plovers’
Cove and Lantao, Hongkong New Territory; Pakhoi,
Fl. yellow, July to December.

1

2

a

2. Leaves digitate...

4

48

5.—-URENA.
Key to species.

Leaves orbicular toothed or broadly
lobed oe ie veep eee L, Lobata.
Leaves deeply 3- or 5-lobed ... 2. sinuata.
. U. lobata, Linn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 34. Common on roadsides
in Hongkong; Hoifung. FI. purple, August.
. U. sinuata, Linn.; Benth. |. c. 34. Common on roadsides in
Hongkong; near Lowu, Hongkong New Territory ;
Hoifung. FI. purple, October.

6.—HIBISCUS.

Key to species.

. Bracteoles free or nearly so ... te 2.
Bracteoles connate... sins sae 3.
1. Trionum.

Leaves simple ... cide ie ree 4,

3. Leaves orbicular 4, tiliaceus.
Leaves lanceolate 5. rosa-sinensis.

. Herb... 2. Abelmoschus,
Shrub 3. mutadilis.

pal

bo

. H. Trionum, Linn.; DC. Prodr. i. 453. At Kowloon-tsai,

Hongkong New Territory. Fl. yellow marked with
purple, July.

. H. Abelmoschus, Zinn. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 34. At Chaiwan

and on Peak Road, Hongkong; on Mawan Island and
near Sanwai, Hongkong New Territory; North and
Lienchow Rivers. Fl. yellow marked with purple,
August.

3. H. mutabilis, Zinn.; DC. Prodr. i, 452. On Mt. Gough,

Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory ;
on river bank near Chaochaufu. Fl. white changing to
pink, September.

4, H. tiliaceus, Zinn.; DC. Prodr. i. 454. Common on the

seashore, Hongkong; at Tai-o on Lantao Island, Hong-
kong New Territory. Fl. yellow with a red eye, July to
October.

. H. rosa-sinensis, Zinn.; DC. Prodr. i. 448. Near Shatan
and Lienchow River. FJ. red, white and yellow, Summer.

7.—BOMBAX.

1. B. malabaricum, DC. Prodr.i.479. Cultivated in Hongkong ;

ravines above Hahang, Hongkong New Territory;
Chaochaufu, Swatow. FI. red, March.

49

STERCULIACEAE.

Key to genera.

1. Large tree ive ie as ee 2.
Shrub, herb or climber jaa 8 oe 5.
2. Petals 0... oes ace ec 3.
Petals 5... v 4,
3. Carpels dehiscing one ie 1. Sterculia.
Carpels distinct, indehiscent ... 2. Heritiera.
4, Flowers in terminal corymbs ... 3. Reevesia.
Flowers axillary, solitary or few 5. Pterospermum.
5, Stem climbing .., si w. 9. Buetineria,
Stem erect se ae - vi 6.
6. Stamens united to the top, alternating
with staminodes ... ve ae 7.
Stamens 5, united at base only, stami-
nodesO_... ae “se = 8.
7. Anthers in threes 8. Abroma.
Anthers single ... ase as 4. Helicteres.
8. Plant glabrous or thinly pubescent 6. Melochia.
Plant densely tomentose 7. Waltheria.

1.-STERCULIA.
Key to species.

1. Leaves lanceolate bea ee nae 2

Leaves palmately lobed I. platanifolia.
2. Calyx 4cleft ... see sine 2. nobilis.
Calyx cleft nearly to the base 3. lanceolata.

1. S. platanifolia, Zinn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 36. At Hoktsui,
Hongkong. FI. yellowish green, June.

2. 8. nobilis, Smith; Masters in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 358,
Hongkong without locality. Fl. red, May.

3. 8. lanceolata, Cav.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 36. Very common in
Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory ;
river bank near Chaochaufu, Swatow; Canton; Macao.
Fl. pink, April.

2.—HERITIERA.

1. H. littoralis, Ait.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 36. At Taitam Tuk on
the seashore, Hongkong; Hongkong New Territory
without locality. Fl. brown, August.

3.—-REEVESIA.

1. R. thyrsoidea, Lindl.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 37. Common in the
woods and on the hills, Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hong-
kong New Territory ; Canton ; Macao. FI. white, April.

21515 D

50

4.—HELICTERES.
Key to species.

Leaves hairy above... ‘ts 1, spicata,
Leaves glabrous 2. angustifolia,

. H. spicata, Colebr.; Masters in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. i, 366.
Canton. FI. purple, August.

. H. angustifolia, Zawn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 37. Common on
low ground, Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong New
Territory ; hill near Chaochaufu, Swatow. FI. purple,

June.

5.—PTEROSPERMUM.

. P. heterophyllum, Hance ; P. acerifolium, Benth. Fl. Hongk.
39. In woods behind the Buddhist Temple, Causeway Bay,
Chaiwan Gap and Longwave Bay, Hongkong ; hill near
Chaochaufu, Swatow ; North River, in dense wood around
a Buddhist Temple, Filoitze. Fl. white, August.

6.—MELOCHIA.

. M. corchorifolia, Linn. ; Masters in Hook. f, Fl. Brit. Ind. i.
374, Weed in cultivated ground, Canton. Fl. white or
pink, September.

7.—WALTHERIA.

. W. indica, Linn. ; W. americana, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 38. In
open ground, Hongkong ; seashore east of Kowloon City,
Hongkong New Territory; Hoifung ; Canton, FI. yellow,
September.

8.—ABROMA.

. A. fastuosum, Jacg.; A. augusta, Linn. f. ; Masters in Hook. f.
Fl. Brit, Ind. i. 375. Happy Valley, Hongkong. FI.
purple, July.

9.—BUETTNERIA.

- B. aspera, Colebr. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 39. Cape d’ Aguilar,
Hongkong ; Shalotung, 5th and 15th mile on Taipo Road
and at Plovers’ Cove, Hongkong New Territory, Fl,
white, May.

TILIACEAE.

Key to genera,

. Fruit dehiscent ie sae ae 4,

Fruit drupaceous or dry, indehiscent... 3.

. Stamens all fertile ... xe - 3. Corchorus.
Alternate stamens anantherous nr: Corchoropsis,

_

2.

. Leaves hispid above ... ee

. G. glabrescens, Benth. 1. c.

51

. Fruit drupaceous

Fruit dry echinate_...

. Capsule spiny ...

Capsule unarmed

. Sepals imbricate

Sepals valvate ...

. Flowers racemose

Flowers umbellate or paniculate

1.—GREWIA.
Key to species.

. Leaves glabrous or thinly hairy beneath

Leaves velvety or tomentose beneath

. Flowers in terminal panicles; leaves

glabrous... ine
Flowers nearly all axillary

. Leaves suborbicular, 5—7—nerved

Leaves ovate, 3-nerved

. Stamens less than 20 ...

Stamens more than 40

Leaves glabrous or with few stellate

hairs above...

ra wT SD Or

on > whe

AG. Microcos, Zinn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 42.

6

. Triumfetta,

5.
2

. Sloanea.
. Echinocarpus,
. Elacocarpus.

Grewia.

2.
3.

. Microcos.
. glabrescens.
. asiatica.

4

. polygama,
é.

» parvijiora,

hirsuta.

Shaukiwan, Cape

d’ Aguilar and Stonecutters’ Island, Hongkong; Lantao
Island, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. yellow, June.

Taitam and Cape d’Aguilar,
River. Fl. yellow, June.

Belcher’s Bay, Little Hongkong,
Hongkong ;

Lienchow

. G. asiatica, Linn; Masters in Hook. f. FI. Brit. Ind. i. 386.

Lantao and without locality, Hongkong New Territory.

Fl. yellow, May.

. G. polygama, Roxb.; Masters 1. c. 391.

greenish, July, August.

. G. hirsuta, Vahl; DC. Prodr. i. 509.

Rivers, Fl. yellow, Summer.

2.—TRIUMFETTA.

Key to species.

Spines of capsule glabrous
Spines of capsule hairy below...

Pakhoi.

1.
2.

. T rhomboidea, Jacg.; T. angulata, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 41.

Fl. white,

. G. parviflora, Bunge, Enum. Pl, Chin. Bor. 9. Hongkong
without locality; Lienchow and North Rivers.

West and North

Fl.

rhomboidea.
pilosa.

Common in Hongkong; Hoifung. Fl. yellow, August.

T. pilosa, Roth ; Benth. 1. c. 41.

21516

Little Hongkong ; Hoifung ;
NorthiRiver. Fl. yellow, August.

D2

52

8.—CORCHORUS.
Key to species.

. Capsule globose se we w. 1, capsularis.
Capsule cylindrical “ae 2.

. Capsule winged we wee 2, acutangulus.
Capsule wingless ies .. 8, olitorius,

. C. capsularis, Zinn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 40. Cultivated in
Hongkong, Hongkong New Territory and Kwangtung ;
Lienchow River. Fl. yellow, August. _

. C. acutangulus, Lam.; Benth. 1. c. Hongkong in waste places ;
Port-Shelter, Hongkong New Territory ; Sanning ; Lien-
chow River. Fl. yellow, August. ;

. GC. olitorius, Zinn.; Masters in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 597,
Lienchow River. Fl. yellow, August.

4.—CORCHOROPSIS.

. C. crenata, Sieb. ef Zuce. in Abh. Akad. Miinch. iii, 738,

Lienchow River; Lofoushan. Fl. yellow, August.

5.-SLOANEA.

. 5. hongkongensis, Hems/. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2628. Aberdeen

New Road and on the north face of Mt. Nicholson,
Hongkong. Fl. cream-coloured, September.

6.—ECHINOCARPUS.

1. BE. sinensis, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1884,108. Lofoushan. Fl,
7.—ELAEQCARPUS.
Key to species,

1. Petals divided to middle wae ae 2.
Petals crenate only... wid «+L. chinensis,

2. Petals 3 lines long ; fruit 14 inches ... 2. lancaefolius,
Petals 14 lines long... ied ie 3.

3. Flowers very numerous es «. 3. decipiens.
Racemes lax-flowered, 14 inche we 4, Henryi.

1

EF CW bw

- E. chinensis, Hook. f. in Benth. Fl. Hongk. 43. Happy Valley
woods and Mt. Kellet, Hongkong ; Lanfa Mt., Hoifung ;
Lofoushan. Fl. greenish white, May.

. E. lancaefolius, Row).; Benth. 1. c. 42. “In the Happy Valley
woods, Hongkong. Fl. white, June.

. E. decipiens, Hemsi. in Enum. Pl. Chin. i. 94, Kwangtung
without locality. Fl. ;

. BE. Henryi, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1885, 322, i
North River. Fl, » June, Se

—

—_

538

LINACEAE.
1._IXONANTHES.

- I chinensis, Champ. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxi. 114. On Bowen

Road, Happy Valley and Little Hongkong woods,
Hongkong; Kanghau and ‘Taiwai, Hongkong New
Territory. Fl. white, May.

MALPIGHIACEAE.

1.—HIPTAGH.

- H. Madablota, Gaertn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 49. On Mt.

Gough and in the Happy Valley woods, Hongkong ;_ hill
at Chaochaufu, Swatow. Fl. white, March.

GERANIACEAE,
Key to genera.

1. Leaves entire ... ae ies ... 5. Impatiens.
Leaves compound ae ess ae 2.

2. Tree... wee ane sine we 4, Averrhoa,
Herb... we oe wae ik 3.

3. Leaves trifoliate une ite -» 2 Oxalis.
Leaves pinnate or bipinnate ... Ae 4,

4. Leaves pinnate ... 3. Biophytum.
Leaves bipinnate 1. Erodium.

no _

1.—ERODIUM.

. EB. cicutarium, Z’Hérit; Hook. f£. Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 434.

Kennedy Road, Hongkong. FI. purple,

2.—OXALIS.
Key to species.

Flowers yellow... ar jes w+ 1, corniculata.
Flowers purple... ae .» 2. Martiana.

. 0. corniculata, Zinn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 56. Common on

roadsides and waste places, Hongkong ; paddy fields near
Swatow. FI. yellow, April.

. 0. Martiana, Zucc.; Benth.1.c. Common in cultivated ground

and roadsides, Hongkong; in fields near Chaochaufu,
Swatow. FI. purple, April.

3.—BIOPHYTUM.
Key to species.
Pedicels longer than flowers ... we =o. Reinwardii,

Pedicels much shorter than flowers ... 2. sensttivum.

B. Reinwardtii, Walp.; Edgew. in Hook. f. Fl, Brit. Ind. i,
437. Banks of the West River. Fl, ——.
B. sensitivum, DC.; Hook. f. l.c. 436. Near Macao. FI.

yellow, July.

54

4.—AVERRHOA.
At Little Hong-

1, A. Carambola, Zinn. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 56. }
kong; Macao; Sanning ; Lienchow River. FI. pink,
July.

5.—IMPATIENS.
Key to species.

1. Spur spiral... ‘vs .. 1. cochleata,
Spur straight or curved. “ee el 2.

2. Leaves truncate at base, subsessile ... 2. chinensis.
Leaves stalked .. aes ee i 3.

3. Petioles with large glands 3. obesa.
Petioles naked or with setaceous glands 4,

4. Leaves serrate . ors eet ae 5.
Leaves orenate .. . 5, plebeja.

5. Sepals minute ; leaves deeply serrate... 4. Balsamina.
Sepals } inch long ; 3; leaves serrulate... 6. erassicornu.

1. I. cochleata, Zour.; Balsamita eae DC. Prodr. i. 666,
Cultivated at Canton. FI. red,

2. I. chinensis, Zinn. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 55. Ina swamp near
Chaiwan Gap, Hongkong ; near Sanwai, Hongkong New
Territory ; stream near Chaochaufu, Swatow ; Hoifung ;
Sanning; Lienchow River ; Tot aushen, Fil. pink,
Summer.

3. I. obesa, Hook. f. in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 4°
sér, x. 242, Lienchow River. Fl. purple and yellow,
August,

4, I. Balsamina, Linn.; Hook. f. FJ. Brit. Ind. i. 453. Macao.
Fl. white, pink or red, Summer.

5. I. plebeja, Hemsl. Enum. Pl. China i. 101. Lofoushan. FI.

6. I. crassicornu, Hook. f. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2916. Mt. Pakwan,
near Canton. FI.

RUTACEAE.
Key to genera.
1. Ovary deeply 2-5-lobed, cells is 2.
Ovary entire... : 3.
2. Leaves opposite 1. Evodia
Leaves alternate 2. Zanthorylum.
3. Leaves compound 5.
Leaves simple ... 4,
4. Cells many-ovuled 10; Citrus.
Cells 1-2-ovuled 9,

. Stamens 2-5

Stamens 8-10

. Petals valvate ...

Petals imbricate

. Toddalia.

6.

. Micromelum.

55

7. Flowers in corymbs_ ... sae we 0. Murraya.
Flowers in panicles... ss ose 8.
8. Panicles large, terminal ae .. 8. Clausena.
Panicles small, axillary re w» 5. Glycosmis.
9. Spiny shrubs... see ae we. 9. Atalantia.
Unarmed shrubs tel sie 10.
10. Flowers in long-stalked corymbs we 4, Acronychia.
Flowers in short-stalked panicles ... 5. Glycosmis.
1.—EVODIA.
Key to species.
1. Leaves trifoliate ee ihe fees ds Poe
Leaves pinnate.. . = a
2. Peduncles glabrous ns on wie 2s aia
Peduneles velvety ... is .» 3. rutaecarpa,

1. E. triphylla, DC.; FE. Lamarchiana,, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 59.
Happy Valley, Taitam Tuk and Mt. Gough, Hongkong ;
Tin-tso-ngam, Hongkong New Territory; hill near
Chaochautfu, Swatow. FI. greenish, April.

2. HE, meliaefolia Benth. 1. c. 58. In the Happy Valley woods,
very common up to 400 ft. on Mt. Gough, Hongkong ;
Hoifung. Fl. cream-coloured, September.

3. HE. rutaecarpa, Benth. 1. c.; Hook. £. Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 490.
Lienchow River. Fl, ——, August.

2.—ZANTHOXYLUM.
Key to species.
i, Stem erect we ae sis _ 2.
Stem climbing .. se sie dis 4,
2. Petiole cyclindric iy oe ae 3.
Petiole winged . - 1. alatum.
3. Leaflets 1- 3 inches long 2. Avicennae.
Leaflets 4-5 inches nee 3. myriacanthum.
4, Leaflets 1-7 : Dez
Leaflets 15-25 . 4. cuspidatum.

5. Leaflets copiously armed with hooked
prickles ae 5. nitidum.

Leaflets almost unarmed 6. ovalifolium.

. 4 alatum, Rorzb.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 493. Lienchow

1
River. FI. yellow, May.

2. Z Avicennae, DC.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 58. appy ve Valley
woods and Mt. Gough, Hongkong ; Tiantan ougkong
New Territory ; Swatow ; Lanfa Mt., Hoitung,; Macao ;
Pakhoi. FI. white, Se tember.

3. Z. myriacanthum, Wall.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 496.

cS

ae ee and near Taipo, Hongkong New Territory.

i

. Z.cuspidatum, Champ.; Benth. Fl, Hongk. 58. Mt. Gough

and Mt. Parker, Hongkong; Phoenix Mt. and near
Chaochaufu, Swatow. F'. reddish, February..

56

. Z. nitidum, DC.; Benth. 1c. Common-in Hongkong ;
Taimoshan, Lantao and Tin-tso-ngam, Hongkong New
Territory ; near Chaochaufu, Swatow ; Taji-iushan, near
Canton. FI. white, February. :

. Z. ovalifolium, Wight ; Hook. £. Fl. Brit. Ind. i, 492. Ina
ravine below Sheko Gap, Hongkong. FI. white ?, April.

3.—TODDALIA.

. T. aculeata, Pers.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 59. Mt. Victoria, Mt.
Parker, Chaiwan and in Happy Valley woods, Hongkong ;
Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory ; near Chaochautu,
Swatow ; Lofoushan. Fl. white, Winter.

4.—-ACRONYCHIA.

. A. laurifolia, Blume; Cyminosma pedunculata, DC.; Benth.

Fl.. Hongk. 60. Common in the island of Hongkong ;

Macao ; Sanning ; Lofoushan. FI. white, June.
5.—GLYCOSMIS.

. G. pentaphylla, Correa; G. citrifolia, Lindl.; Benth. Fl. Hongk.
51. Hast Point and Causeway Bay, Hongkong; Ma-
onshan, Hongkong New Territory ; Pakhoi ; West River.
FL. white, October.
6.—MICROMELUM.
. M. pubescens, Blume ; Hook. f. F). Brit. Ind.i. 501. Lienchow
River. FI]. white, December.
7.—MURRAYA.
. M. exotica, Linn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 50. Cultivated in
Hongkong ; Sanning. Fl. white, August.
8.—CLAUSENA.
. C. Wampi, Oliv.; Benth. FI. Hongk. 50. Cultivated in
Hongkong ; near Chaochaufu, Swatow. FI. white, April.
9.—-ATALANTIA.
Key to species.

Veins of leaves distant, anastomosing... 1. Hindsii.
Veins of leaves close and parallel... 2. bucifolia,

. A. Hindsii, Oliv.; Benth, Fl. Hongk. 51. Common in Hong-
kong; hills around Kowloon reservoir, Hongkong New
Territory ; Lofoushan, FI. white, July.

. A. buxifolia, Oliv.; Benth. 1. c. Common on the hills,

Hongkong ; hills bebind Kowloon City, Hongkong New
Territory ; Pakhoi. Fl. white, June.

10.—CITRUS.
. C. Aurantium, Linn. and 2. C. medica, Linn. cultivated.

57
SIMARUBACEAE.

Key to genera.
1. Leaves glabrous ies ala re 2

Leaves velvety swe ner .. «3. Brucea.
2. Fruits, winged samaras die .» = 1. Adlanthus.
Fruits, fleshy drupes ... sve ww. 2. Pierasma.

1.—AILANTHUS.
Key to species.

Leaflets entire ... ste oor .» 1. malabarica.
Leaflets coarsely toothed at the base 2. glandulosa.

1, A. malabarica, DC. Prodr. ii. 89. Victoria Gap and Mt.
Gough, Hongkong ; Shatin, Hongkong New Territory.
Fl. cream-coloured, October.

2. A. glandulosa, Desf.; DC. Prodr. ii. 89. Cultivated.

2.—PICRASMA.
1. P. quassioides, Benn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 61. On Mt.
Victoria and Mt. Parker, Hongkong. Fl. greenish, April.

3.—_BRUCEA.

1, B. sumatrana, Roxb. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 60. Happy Valley and
elsewhere on edges of woods, Hongkong ; Taipo, Hong-
kong New Territory. Fl. purple, June.

BURSERACEAE.

1.—CANARIUM.
Key to species.

Leaves scabrous beneath ve we ~=—s LL, album.
Leaves smooth ... atts we «2, Pimela.

1. C. album, Raeusch.; DC. Prodr. ii. 80. Cultivated at Chao-
chaufu and Whampoa, FI. whitish, ‘

2, C. Pimela, Kon.; DC. 1. c. 80. Naturalised in Hongkong ;
cultivated at Whampoa, near Canton. FI. white, May.

MELIACEAE,
Key to genera.
1. Leaves bipinnate sie wth w- = 1, Melia,
Leaves pinnate... ee me eis 2.
2. Leaflets 5 sai we ae «- 3. Aglaia,
Leaflets 8-30 ... age 3

3. Leaflets serrate ; fruit a capsule... 4. Cedrela.
Leaflets entire ; fruit fleshy ... -.» 2 Chisocheton.

—

58

1.—MELIA.
Key to species.
Petals glabrous, blue ... sae v1, Azedarach.
Petals mealy, white... ue .. 2, dubia.

M. Azedarach, Zinn.; DC. Prodr. i. 621. River bank near
Swatow. Fl. blue, April. .

M. dubia, Cav.; Hiern. in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 545,
Pakhoi. Fl. white, ——.

2.—CHISOCHETON.

. C. hongkongensis, 7'utcher in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. XXXvii. 64,

On the southern slopes of Mt. Parker, Hongkong. Fl.
white, December.

3.—AGLATIA.

. A. odorata, Zour. ; DC. Prodr. i. 537. Hongkong New Terri-

tory without locality ; cultivated in Hongkong and
Kwangtung. Fl. yellow, May.
4.—CEDRELA.

C. sinensis, A. Juss; C. DC. Monogr. Phan. i. 743. North
River. Fl. white, July.

OLACACEAE.
Key to genera.
. Stem climbing ... ss vn ws 3. todes.
Stem erect ak 3 Bre ee 2.
. Flowers $ to linch ... bse wl. Schoepfia.
Flowers } to} inch ... ia w» 2. Cansjera.
1.—SCHOEPFIA.
. S. chinensis, Gardn. et Champ.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 52. On

Victoria Peak and in the Happy Valley Woods, Hong-
kong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory ; stream
banks on the slopes of the Phenix Mt., Swatow. FI. pink,
February.

2.—CANSJERA.

. C. Rheedii, Gmel. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 296. Repulse Bay and
Mt. Parker, Hongkong; Ngautau, Lokloha, Sanwai and
near Shataukok, Hongkong New Territory ; Swatow. Fl.
yellow, November.

3.—IODES.

. I. vitiginea, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1874, 184. Cockscomb
Rocks, West River. Fl. yellow, May-July.

59

AQUIFOLIACEAE.
1.—ILEX.
Key to species.

. Flowers in nearly sessile clusters,

pedicels equal to or longer than

flowers ware aes ies = 2.
Pedicels longer than flowers, or pedun-
cles longer than clusters ... cn 6.
2. Pubescent plant we ies .» 1. pubescens.
Glabrous plant ... ee bee tee 3.
3. Leaves caudate... ine as w. «=... ficotdea,
Leaves obtuse or acute 4
4, Leaves narrow oblong... hig .» 3, cinerea.
Leaves ovate or lanceolate... ws 5.
5. Midrib of leaf impressed aes ww. = 4, viridis.
Midrib of leaf flat ... ons .. 5, Hanceana,
6. Umbels pedunculate oe 3 7.
Umbels sessile, or peduncles separate 9.
7. Leaves quite entire sas -. 6, rotunda.
Leaves always obscurely crenate .... 8.
8. Leaves coriaceous... ie we = 7. myriadenia.
Leaves papery ... ve ies we 8. Oldhami.
9. Corolla divided nearly to the base... 10.
Corolla divided halfway down we 4, viridis,
10. Leaves crenate... . sae wee 11.

11.
12,

6.

Leaves quite entire . se w» 9. memecylifolia.
Leaves coriaceous, bluntly acuminate 10. gracilifiora.
Leaves thin, sharply acuminate :

Leaves 3-4 inches long bee .» Ll. macrocarpa.
Leaves 1-2 inches long ois .» 12. asprella.

. I. pubescens, Hook. et Arn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 65. Frequent

in Hongkong; Hahang, Hongkong New Territory ;
Swatow; Hoifung; Lienchow River. FI. lilac, April.

. I. ficoidea, Hemsl. Enum. Pl. China. i. 116. Happy Valley

and south slope of Mt. Gough, Hongkong ; Lantao Island,
Hongkong New Territory ; Kwaisin, near Hoifung. FI.
yellowish, March.

. L cinerea, Champ.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 64. Mt. Victoria and

Pokfulam, Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hongkong New
Territory. Fl. yellowish, April.

. I. viridis, Champ.; Benth. 1. c. 65. Mt. Parker South and

Mt. Gough, Hongkong; Kwaisin, near Hoifung ; Ng-tung-
shan, near Hongkong ; Pakwan, near Canton. FL. pale
pink, April.

I. Hanceana, Mazim. ; I. buxifolia, Hance in Journ. Bot., 1876,
364. Mt. Kellet, on north-west of Mt. Victoria, and
Wongneichung, Hongkong. Fl. white, May.

I. rotunda, Zhunb.; DC. Prodr. ii. 16. Chinwan, Santin,
Mongkok and Hahang, Hongkong New Territory ;
Lofoushan ; West River. Fl. » May.

11.
12.

— a oO -

bo

. myriadenia, Hance in Journ. Bot., 1883, 296.
. Oldhami,
. memecylifolia, Champ.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 65.

. graciliflora, Champ.; Benth. 1. c. 65.

. asprella, Champ. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 65.

60

On a hill by
the Lienchow River near Maposhui. Vl. ——. _

Mig. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. iii. 105,
Lienchow River. Fl. dark purple, May.
Happy
Valley woods, North Point, Victoria Peak and elsewhere,
Hongkong ; on hill near Kowloon reservoir and Lantao
Island, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. white, April.
Common ia the
Happy Valley woods, on the south side of Mt. Nicholson,
Hongkong. FI. white, April.

. macrocarpa, Oliver in Hook. Ie. Pl. t. 1787. Lienchow

FI. white,

River. é
Common in

Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory ;
Swatow; Whampoa. Fl. white, April. ;

CELASTRACEAE,

Key to genera.

. Leaves opposite aes vai eee

Leaves alternate

. Stamens 3

Stamens 4 or 5...

. Flowers in axillary clusters or small

cymes es ve Sa
Flowers in loose axillary cymes
Petals united below
Petals free

1.—EUVONYMUS.
Key to species.

. Flowers tetramerous

Flowers pentamerous ...

Pao

2

. Celastrus.

. Hippocratea.
3.

4

. Euonymus.
. Microtropis.
. Elaeodendron.

2.
5.

Capsule prickly ae so 1. angustatus.
Capsule angled or terete, not prickly 3.
Capsule lobed ... sa . aia 4

Capsule subglobose, stem rooting

- E. angustatus, Sprague in Kew Bull. 1908,
shan and Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory.

cream-coloured, February.

at 1700 ft., covering the gr
woods, Fl, greenish- white, May.

33 and 35,

. hederaceus.

2
. Lobes of capsule acute 3. chinensis.
Lobes of capsule rounded -. 4, japonicus,
. Cymes not much longer than petioles 5, longifolius,
Cymes nearly as long as leaves 6.
. Petals fringed .. 6. gibber.
Petals entire 7. laxiflorus.

Taimo
Fl.

. E. hederaceus, Champ. ; Benth. F1. Hongk. 63. Victoria Peak
ound in Little Hongkong

61

3. E. chinensis, Lindl.; E. nitidus, Benth. 1. c.62. Hast Point,
Mt. Nicholson, Mt. Gough, Bowen Road, Hongkong ;
Taipo Road, Hahang and Lantao Island, Hongkong New
Territory ; Swatow. Fl. greenish, May.

4, E. japonicus, Thunb. ; DC. Prodr. ii. 4. At foot of Phoenix
Mt., Swatow ; West River. Fl. pale green, August.

5. E. longifolius, Champ. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 62. Happy Valley
woods, Hongkong ; Ma-onshan, Hongkong New Territory.
Fl. pale green, .

6. EB. gibber, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1882, 77. Cultivated in
Botanic Gardens, Hongkong. Not known from elsewhere.
Fl. pale green, June.

7. E. laxiflorus, Champ. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 63. Happy Valley
woods, Mt. Nicholson, Deepwater Bay, Mt. Parker and
Mt. Gough, Hongkong; Shalotung, Hongkong New
Territory. Fl. pale green, March.

2.—MICROTROPIS.

Key to species.

1, Leaves lanceolate on wa oes 2.
Leaves broadly ovate ... ae w. 2, latifolia,

2. Leaves gradually narrowed to base ... 3. _fokienensis.
Leaves abruptly acuminate at base ... 1. reticulata.

1. M. reticulata, Dunn in Journ. Bot. 1909, 375. Lantao on.
exposed rocky slopes at 1000 ft., Hongkong New Terri-
tory. FL. greenish, March.

2. M. latifolia, Wight ; Lawson in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind.i. 613.
In shady ravines on Mt. Victoria and Mt. Kellet, Hong-
kong. Fl. greenish, November.

3. M. fokienensis, Dunn in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxxviii. 357.
Swatow district. Fl. greenish, April.

3.—CELASTRUS.
Key to species.

1. Leaves cuneate spathulate ... vw» — L. diversifolius.
Leaves ovate ... a di at 2.

2. Capsule 1-seeded see me ate 3.
Capsule 3-seeded wee ane w» 2, articulatus.

3. Peduncle shorter than fruit ... wee 4

Peduncle longer than fruit... wes Be Championi.
4, Panicle lax ae wae we 4, cantonensis.
Panicle contracted ... sas a. 5. Hindsii.

. C. diversifolius, Hemsl.; Gymnosporia diversifolia, Maxim in
Mél. Biol. xi. 204. Ina wood near the sea, Swatow;
Hoifung. FI. white, October.

C. articulatus, Thunb. ; DC. Prodr.ii.7. Hoifung ; Shuikwan
River. Fl. green, April.

3. C. Championi, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 64. On Victoria Peak and

Mt. Parker, Hongkong ; ee Ma-onshan and Lantao

Island, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. green, May.

_

a

62

C. cantonensis, Hance in Journ. Bot., 1885, 323. Lungtoyin
on the North River. Fl. green, :

. C. Hindsii, Benth. ; C. monospermus, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 63.

In various parts of Hongkong ; Lantao Island and other

parts of Hongkong New Territory ; Macao ; Hoifung ;

Lofoushan. Fl. green, March.

4.—ELAEODENDRON.

. E. japonicum, Franch. et Sav. in Enum. Pl. Jap. it. 316.
Stanley, Hongkong. FI. white, January.

5.—HIPPOCRATEA.

. H. obtusifolia, Rozb.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 62. North Point,

and Taitam Road, frequent in Hongkong. FI. yellowish-
green, June.

RHAMNACEAE,
Key to genera.

1. Peduncles fleshy re wise .. 8. Hovenia.
Peduncles slender aie ss in 2.
2. Fruit dry sid ok Beh si 3.
Fruit a drupe or berry sie wae 4,
3. Fruit peltate ... ais ae w=. 2. Paliurus.
Fruit samaroid... it oak w. 1. Ventilago.
4, Leaves three-nerved ... see .. 8. Lizyphus.
Leaves penninerved ... sie ws 5.
5. Flowers sessile ; leaves lessthan Linch 7. Sageretia.
Flowers pedicellate, or leaves over 14
inches aie’ aus ies bie 6.
6. Inflorescence terminal ... — .. 5. Berchemia.
Inflorescence axillary ... ee aa’ 7.
7. Fruit oblong with one stone (if fruit
not available see Rhamnus key)... 4. Microrhamnus.
Fruit globular with several pyrenes... 6. Rhamnus.

bo

1.—VENTILAGO,

. V. leiocarpa, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 67. In Pokfulam valley and

below Taitam~- Wongneichong catchwater, Hongkong ;
Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory; bank of Han
River, Swatow. FI. greenish-white, May.

2.—PALIURUS.

Key to species.

Fruit cup-shaped in section ... wel. ramosissimus.
Fruit button-shaped ... os «+ ==. 2. hirsutus.

. P. ramosissimus, Porr.; P. Aubletia, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 66.
At Aberdeen, Hongkong ; Samshuipo, Hongkong New
ee Sage . Pakhoi. Fl. yellowish, June,
. P. hirsutus, Hems/. in Kew Bull. 1894, 388, Li
North-west Rivers. Fl, , August, Panes

63

3.—ZIZYPHUS.

1, Z. Jujuba, Lam.; DC. Prodr.ii.21. Taishuihang, Hongkong
New Territory ; West River; Teinpak. Fl. yellow,
October.

4.—MICRORHAMNUS.

. M. franguloides, Maxim. in Mél. Biol. xii. 431. Kwangtung ?
Fl. yellowish-green, ——.

—

5.—BERCHEMIA.
Key to species. -

1, Flowers pedicellate ; leaf veins numerous 2.
Flowers axillary, sessile; veins few... 1. sesseliflora.
2. Leaves 1-14 inches; flowers in terminal

panicles... ane es ww. 2, racemosa,
Leaves less than 4 inch ; flowers mostly
axillary... cts aes . 8. “neata.

1, B. sessiliflora, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 68. Hongkong without
locality. Fi. ,

2. B. racemosa, Si%eb. et Zuce.; Benth. |. c. 67. Common in
Hongkong; Lantao Island and Taimoshan, Hongkong
New Territory; Swatow; Lanfa Mt., Hoifung. FI.
yellow, September.

3. B. lineata, DC.; Benth. 1. c. Hongkong without locality ;

common in hedges in Hongkong New Territory ; Whampoa;
Pakhoi; Lofoushan. Fl. cream-coloured, October.

6.—-RHAMNUS.
Key to species.

1. Fascicles of flowers in simple or com-

pound racemes ; petals 5 ... «1. nipalensis.
Fascicles of flowers axillary ... aise 2.
2. Pedicels subumbellate ... sth ie 5.
Pedicels axillary eee ae dee 3.
3. Plant nearly glabrous ... nee see 4,
Leaves white tomentose beneat «. 2, rugulosus.

4, Leaves coriaceous, oblong, shortly
acuminate ... a fee re
Leaves thin, strongly acuminate at apex
and base ; pedicels slender . 4, virgatus.
5. Lateral leaf-veins running close under
margin and then without break

3. davuricus.

into the next arch... ‘ie w. 5, erenatus.
Lateral leaf-veins otherwise ... «- Microrhamnus
Sranguloides,

1. R. nipalensis, Vall.; Lawson in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 640.
Lienchow River. Fl. green, August.

2. R. rugulosus, Hemsl. in Enum. Pl. China i, 129. Lienchow
River. Fl. ——, May.

64

3. R. davuricus, Pall.-Fl. Ross. ii. 24. Lienchow River. Fl.
green, April.

4. R. virgatus, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 68. Mt. Parker south and
Hoktsui, Hongkong ; Lantao Island at 1500 ft., Hong-
kong New Territory ; Lofoushan. Fl. green, August.

5. R. crenatus, Sieb. et Zucc.; R. oreigenes, Hance in Journ,
Bot. 1869, 116. Lantao Island, Hongkong New Terri-
tory ; White Cloud hills, Canton; Swatow; Hoifung ;
Kwaisin ; Lienchow River; Lofoushan. Fl, ——, June
to September.

7.—SAGERRETIA.
Key to species.

Leaves rugose ... oe ae we LL. rugosa.
Leaves smooth ... or iss a. 2, theezans.
1. 8. rugosa, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1878,9. North and Lienchow
Rivers. Fl. ——, October.

2. 8. theezans, Brongn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 68. Common on
Victoria Peak and elsewhere, Hongkong ; Lantao Island,
Taimoshan, Lowu, Hongkong New Territory ; Swatow ;
Whampoa; Macao; Pakhoi. FI. white, Winter.

8.—HOVENTA.

1. H. dulcis, Thunb.; Lawson in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 640.
Canton; Lienchow River; North River. FI. yellow,

June.
AMPELIDACEAE.
1.—VITIS.
Key to species.
1. Leaves compound ses ee a Qe
Leaves simple ... oe sks 2 12.
2. Leaves pinnate ... waa ue -» 1. ecantoniensis.
Leaves digitate or pedate ... dig 3.
3. Leaflets deeply incised or pinnatifid ... 4,
Leaflets entire or toothed... ae 5.
4, Flowers in small dense long-stalked
cymes we ae “ie «+ 2. serjanaefolia,
Flowers in loose dichotomous cymes... 3. heterophylla.
5. Leaflets 5 ae shee aca a 6.
Leaflets 3 ia ids aes avs 9.
6. Leaves digitate bara we sie 7
Leaves pedate ... 8.

7. Stem flattened ; peduncle umbellately
branched oF eh ne
Stem round ; peduncle dichotomous ...
8. Petals horned at back ...
Petals terete at back ...

. planicaulis,
. heterophylla.
corniculata,
. Japonica,

Ow

65

9. Tendrils wanting eas oe aes 10.
Tendrils present axe as <n 11.
10. Cymes as long as the leaves ... . himalayana.
Cymes shorter than petioles ... . inconstans, ~
11. Cymes dense, short-stalked . pachyphylla.
Cymes loose, long-stalked . heterophylla.
12. Tendrils wanting . inconstans.
Tendrils present ee =e ave 13.
13. Cymes dichotomous, corymbose ; petals
spreading ... wee rr ae
Flowers in elongated panicles; petals

cw coon

3. heterophylla.

cohering at top... ie as 14.
14. Petals 5... sie Se we vies 15.
Petals 4... nis aie ses ... 10. repens.
15. Leaves when full-grown glabrous... 11. flexuosa.
Leaves tomentose ay os ag 16.
16. Tendrils continuous... ea . 12. Labrusea.
Tendrils interrupted ... se .» 13, lanata.

1. V. cantoniensis, Seem.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 54. Frequent in
ravines and on barren hills, Hongkong; Lantao Island,
Hongkong New Territory ; Hoifung ; Lienchow River ;
Lofoushan ; Macao ; Sanning. Fl. , June,

2. V. serjanaefolia, Maxim, in Mél. Biol. ix. 149. Lienchow River.

1, ——, August.

3. V. heterophylla, Zhund.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 53. Cape
d’Aguilar, Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hongkong New
Territory ; Lienchow River. Fl. green, May.

4, V. planicaulis, Hook f. Bot. Mag. t. 5685. In Happ Valley
woods and behind Buddhist Temple, Causeway Bay,
Hongkong; Hahang, Hongkong New Territory; Lienchow
River; Lofoushan. Fl. yellowish-green, April.

5. V. corniculata, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 54. Mt. Gough and Mt.
Victoria, Hongkong ; Lofoushan. FI. » May.

6. V. japonica, Thund.; Cissus japonica, Willd.; DC. Prodr. i.
632, Hedges near Chaochaufu, Swatow; Macao. FI.
yellow, April.

7. V. himalayana, Brandis; Lawson in Hook. f. Fi. Brit. Ind. i.
655. Cultivated in Hongkong; Whampoa. FI. green,
Summer.

8. V. inconstans, Mig.; Ampelopsis Veitchii, Hort. ; Gard. Chron.
n. 8. xiv. 664. Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory;
Lienchow River. Fl. green, July.

9. V. pachyphylla, Hemsi. Enum. Pl. China i, 135. Pakhoi. FI.
— ., March.

10. V. repens, Wight et Arn.; V. cordata, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 54.
Near the seashore at Repulse Bay, Hongkong; on edges
of paddy fields, Ngautau, Hongkong New Territory ;
North River ; Lofoushan. FI. yellow, July.

11, V. flexuosa, Thund.; V. parvifolia, Roxb.; Benth. 1]. c. 53.
Hill above Wanchai, and Kowloon, Hongkong ; Swatow ;
Lienchow River. FI. green, July.

21515 E

66

12. V. Labrusca, Zinn. ; DC. Prodr. i. 634, Stream near Chao-
chaufu, Swatow ; North-west River. Fl. white, July. ;

13. V. lanata, Rozb.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 53. Glenealy Ravine
and other ravines on Mt. Victoria, Hongkong. Fl. green,

May.
SAPINDACEAE.
Key to genera.

1. Leaves compound a 2.
Leaves simple ... dss wii 6.

2. Leaves biternately divided... ... lL. Cardiospermum.
Leaves pinnately divided he a 3.

3. Leaves bipinnate — aise .. 2, Koelreuteria.
Leaves pinnate ... : ste ive 4,

4, Leaves opposite oes oh w= 7. Turpinia.
Leaves alternate vee ste sits 5.

5. Calyx cupular ... mF 4, Nephelium.
Calyx divided to base ... 3. Sapindus.

6. Leaves alternate 6. Dodonaea.

Leaves opposite wis aT eee 7.
7. Fruit winged Acer.
Fruit wingless ... Turpinia.

Se

1.—CARDIOSPERMUM.

1. C. Halicacabum, Linn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 46. Climber in
hedges and on bushes. Hongkong without locality ;
Taimoshan at 1500 ft. and Ma-onshan, Hongkong New
Territory ; Swatow. FI. white, June.

2.—KOELREUTERIA.
ew: minor, Hems/. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2642. Lienchow River.
Fl. unknown.
3.—SAPINDUS.

1. S. Mukorossi, Gaertn.; DC. Prodr. i. 608. In the Little
Hongkong woods, Hongkong; Canton; cultivated at
Macao. FI. white, April.

4.—NEPHELIUM.
Key to species.

Calyx 4 cleft ; fruit smooth ... ne. Fg
Calyx } cleft; fruit muricate... ws. DE Liteh.

1, N. Longana, Camb.; Dimocarpus Longan Lour
Cochinch, 233. , Naturalised in He saoneard Pe &
cultivated in South China. Fl. yellowish, April. ’

67

2. N. Litchi, Camb.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 47. Aberdeen and
Wongneichong, Hongkong ; commonly cultivated in Hong-
kong New Territory and Kwangtung. FI. yellowish,

April.
5.—_ ACER.
Key to species.
1. Leaves entire ... sie is ea 2.
Leaves 3-lobed ... aa . Ll. Lutcheri.

2. Leaves usually white beneath ; panicle
pubescent ; wings of fruit suberect 3. lanceolatum.
Leaves green; panicle glabrous; wings

of fruit divergent ... ons uss 3.
3. Leaves closely net-veined .... w = 4. reticulatum.
Leaves loosely, obscurely net-veined... 5. Fabri.

1. A. Tutcheri, Duthie in Kew Bull. 1908, 16. Bushy ravines,
Lantao Island, at 1400 ft., Hongkong New Territory.
Fl. white, March.

2. A. lanceolatum, Mollard in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, sér. 4, iii.
134. Woods on Mt. Nicholson, Mt. Gough, Mt. Parker
and Deepwave Bay, Hongkong ; Kwangtung. Fl. green,
March.

3. A. reticulatum, Champ.; Benth. Fl. Hong. 47. Ravines at
Pokfulam and Mt. Victoria, Hongkong ; Taimoshan at
1500 ft., Hongkong New Territory. FJ. white, January.

4, A. Fabri, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1884, 76. Lofoushan. FI. :

6.—DODONAEA.

1. D. viscosa, Zinn.; Hiern in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 697..
Stony hills near the sea, Sheko Bay, Hongkong ; Lantao
Island and estuary of Tailamchung, Hongkong New
Territory ; Swatow. Fl. greenish, June.

7.—TURPINIA.
Key to species.

Leaves undivided oie age we 1. arguta,
Leaves pinnate... te ose w=. 2. pomifera

1. T. arguta, Seem. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 48, In ravines on Mt.
Victoria and Mt. Gough, Hongkong; Lantao Island,
Taimoshan at 1500 ft., Hongkong New Territory; hill
near Chaochaufu, Swatow. Fl. yellowish-white, April.

2. T. pomifera, DC.; T. nepalensis, Wall. ; Benth, Fl. Hongk. 48.
On Mt. Gough and elsewhere, Hongkong; Taipo,
Hongkong New Territory. Fl. white, April.

21515 » eed 2

68

SABIACEAE.
Key to genera.
Stamens equal avs ai w. 1, Sadia.
Stamens very unequal... ise .. 2, Meliosma.
1.—SABIA.
Key to species.
. Leaves pubescent below wine .. 1. Swinhoer.
Leaves glabrous ea or wie ke
. Leaves thin ; carpels Z-inch ... ... 2. japonica.

Leaves coriaceous ; carpels g-inch ... 3. limoniacea.

. 8. Swinhoei, Hemsl. Enum. Pl. China, i, 144. Ravines
on the sides of Phoenix Mt., Swatow. Fl. white, April.
. §. japonica, Maxim. ; S. Bullockii, Hance in Journ, Bot. 1878,
9. Bushy hills near Chaochaufu, Swatow ; North River.
Fl. white, April.

. S. limoniacea, Waill.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 70. Bushy places,
Wongneichong, East Point, Mt. Victoria and Mt. Parker,
Hongkong ; Taimoshan at 1500 ft., Lienchow River. Fl.
white, November.

2.—MELIOSMA.
Key to species.

. Leaves entire ... ee sie — 2.
Leaves with few coarse teeth ... a. Ll. rigida.
. Leaves ovate-caudate, glabrous, less
than twice petiole ta we 2. squamulata.
Leaves 5 times longer than petiole ... 3.

. Leaves linear lanceolate, wholly fer-
rugineous beneath if ws
Leaves linear oblanceolate, pubescent
on principal nerves beneath ww. 4. Fordii.

- M. rigida, Steb. et Zucc.; M. pungens, Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind.
i 4. Hills near Chaochaufu, Swatow. Fl. white May.

- M. squamulata, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1876, 364. On Victoria
yaad and in Happy Valley woods, Hongkong. FI. white,

pril.

. M. patens, Hems/. Enum. Pl. China, i. 145. On Victoria Peak,
Chaiwan and Mt. Parker, Hongkong. FI. white, March.
. M. Fordii, Hemsl. 1.c. 144. Oak woods on Lofoushan. FI.
white, August.

3. patens,

ANACARDIACEAE.
Key to genera and species.
. Leaves simple ... ae au w. Mangifera indica.
Leaves pinnate... aa eo sts 2.
. Leaves hairy at least on the veins... 3.

Leaves glabrous on the veins ... Se 5.

69

3. Leaves cottony or tomentosé beneath 4,

Leaves strigose on the veins ... w. Rhus vernicifera,

4, Petiole cylindric “ai a .. Rhus hypoleuca.

Petiole winged ... ves ve .. Rhus semialata.
5. Leaves with tufts in nerve exils .» «= Poupartia Fordii.
Leaves nearly or quite glabrous cae 6.

6. Leaves thin, reticulate; drupe large,
glabrous ae i sa 7.

Drupe small... nis da .. Dracontomelum
mangiferum.

7. Drupe flattened, obtuse és .. Rhus succedanea.

Drupe contracted into style... .- Pistacia chinensis.
RHUS.

1. R. vernicifera, DC.; Engl. in DC. Monogr. Phan. iv. 398.
Fl. —_.

2. R. hypoleuca, Champ.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 69. Common on

. the hills in Hongkong; on the Taipo Road and hills
above Chinwan, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. cream-
coloured, September.

3. R. semialata, Murr.; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii, 10. Lantao
Island and Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory ;
Swatow; Hoifung; Whampoa. FI. cream-coloured,
September.

4. R. succedanea, Linn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 69. Common on the
hills in Hongkong. Fil. green, April.

PISTACIA.

1. P. chinensis, Bunge; Engl. in DC. Monogr. Phan. iv. 291.

Phoenix Mt., Swatow; Lienchow River. Fl. » April.
MANGIFERA.

1. M. indica, Zinn. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1.13, Naturalised
in Hongkong ; hill near Chaochaufu, Swatow. FI. yellow,
March.

POUPARTIA.

1. P. Fordii, Hemsl. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2557. In the Little
Hongkong and Happy Valley woods, Hongkong; ina
wood at Taiwai, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. purplish,
April.

DRACONTOMELUM.
1. D. mangiferum, Blume; Hook. f£. Fl. Brit, Ind. ii, 43.

Commonly cultivated along the West River. Fl. greenish-
white, May.

. R. Millettii, Planch. ;

70

CONNARACEAE.

1.—ROUREA.
Key to species.

Leaves 2-3 inches long 1, Milletti.
Leaves under 1 inch long 2. microphylla.

R. santaloides, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 71.

Near Wanchai and Little Hongkong, Hongkong ;
Lienchow River. FI. white, June.
. R. microphylla, Planch.; Benth. 1. c. Abundant on the

mountains, Hongkong ; ; Canton; Ookaisa ; Lofoushan.
FI. white, June.

LEGUMINOSAE.
Key to genera.

1. Leaves trifoliate, pinnate or bipinnate 2.
Leaves simple, 2-lobed or 2-foliate 4, .

2. Leaves trifoliate a 15.
Leaves pinnate or bipinnate ... 3.

3. Leaves pinnate... 40.
Leaves bipinnate 66.

4, Leaves simple ... 5.
Leaves 2-lobed or p-folinta 14.

5. Pods articulate se Ws
Pods continuous ... 6.

6. Stamens connate ... 10.
Stamens free 48. aie (p. 87).

7. Tree

Herb or ahrab

. Leaves orbicular ..

Leaves oblong

. Flowers small, in round feats

Flowers large

. Pod inflated

Pod compressed, 1-2-seeded

Leaflets exstipellate

a

. Cercis (P. 90).
. Acacia © 92).

a

. Eriosema (p. 85).
17.

Pod folded into the calyx
Pod straight or curved 12.
2. Leaflets with stipels 13.

. Geissaspis (p. 77).

13. Joints of pod sai aneenle com-
pressed 20. Alysicarpus (p. 80).
Joints of pod flat .. ase 16. Desmodium (p. 78).
14. Small herb as wn 15. Zornia (p. 78).
Tree or climbing shrub ... 55

. Pod articulate

Pod continuous... we Sas

. Pod folded into the calyx

Pod straight or curved

. Terminal leaflet oblate

Terminal leaflet ovate

. Bauhinia (p. 90).
16.

18.
17.

. Desmodium (p. 78).
. Lourea (p. 80).
. Uraria (p. 80).

18.

19.
20.
21.
22.

23.

24.
25.
26.

27.

28.

29.

30.
31.

32.

33.

34.

35.

36.

37.

38.

39.

71

Ovary and pod one-seeded oe

Ovary and pod two-or more- seeded

Pod very small, reniform

Pod flat reticulate

Ovary 2-ovuled

Ovary 3- or more-ovuled

Keel spirally twisted

Keel straight or curved .

Calyx truncate... -

Calyx dentate

Keel much exceeding the other
petals ...

Petals equal or keel shorter

Pod inflated ee

Pod not inflated ...

Leaves digitately trifoliate

Leaves pinnately trifoliate

Keel beaked

Keel obtuse

Erect or decumbent non-scandent
plant ...

Climbing plant i

Hairs attached by centre..

Hairs normal —... ee

Flowers few, axillary

Flowers in crowded racemes or
heads ...

Weak straggling plant

Erect herb

Flowers clustered along ra raceme or
axillary : “8

Flowers scattered along r: raceme..

Plant subglabrous or shortly
pubescent

Plant coarsely hairy

Leaflets large, acute or bluntly
acuminate oes .

Leaflets small, retuse

Upper lip of calyx very large

Calyx nearly regular ‘

Terminal leaflet aarp 3- or
more-lobed

Leaflets entire

Pods eoueaee pendent

Pods stiff . :

Pods sharply oonateitted: oe
seeds ... : sus aie

Pods even. oy see ‘ite

Leaves eclandilar

Leaves with resinous glands

Constricted lines of pod oblique...

Constricted lines of pod transverse

li.
. Crotalaria (p. 73).
43.

27.

i)

32.

31.
33.

35.

34.
37.

27.
39.
38.

19.
20.

. Medicago (p. 74).

. Lespedeza (p. 81).

. Rhynchosia (p. 85).
21.

22.
23.

. Apios (p. 83).
. Phaseolus (p. 84).

. Mucuna (p. 83).
24

25.

27,

26.
Pycnospora (p. 80).

Flemingia (p. 85).

28.
31,

‘ ec (p. 75).

Glycine e 82).
30.

. Medicago (p. 74).
. Melilotus (p. 75).

37.
32.

33.
Pueraria (p. 83).

34,
Galactia (p. 83).
Canavalia (p. 83).

35.

Pachyrhizus (p. 84).
36.

Vigna (p. 84).
Dolichos (p. 84).

39.

38.
Glycine (p. 82).
Dunbaria (p. 85).
Cajanus (p. 84).

39a.

72

39a.Racemes short, few-flowered
Racemes long, ’many-flowered

40,

41.
42.
43.
44,
45,
46.
47,

48.
49,
50.
51.
52.

53.

54.
55.
56.
57.
58,
59.

60.

61.

62.

Stamens all separate

Stamens united into one or more

groups ane
Stamens 3..
Stamens 10.

Petals 3, obovate, stalked

Petals 5 o
Petals flat, patent
Petals anact

Pod indehiscent

Pod 2-valved

Pod flat

Pod moniliform
Inflorescence terminal
Inflorescence axillary
Herb or erect shrub

Tree or climbing or decumbent

shrub .
Pod aitionilata
Pod continuous

Leaflets linear, crowded .

Leaflets ovate

Leaves pinnate, long tapering

Leaves short, ovate

Pods square in section

Pod flat

Fruit subterranean (ground nut)

Fruit normal

Standard much larger t than the

other petals
Petals about equal
Leaflets serrate
Leaflets entire
Stem climbing
Stem erect..
Keel cnmolute

Keel straight or curved .

Twiner...
Tendril climber

Stipules larger than leaflets

Stipules small
Tree or herb

eee

Climbing or decumbent shrub

Racemes in clusters from the old

wood ...
Racemes axillary ..

Hairs attached by centre © (lange

shrub)
Hairs normal
Tree

Herb

10.

. Atylosia (p. 85).
. Dunbaria (p. 85).
42,

41,

. Tamarindus (p. 90).
47.

; oe Na 90).

. Cassia 0. "g9).

ie

; ile Ne 87).
: Suipe te 87).

Cladastris (p. 86).

. Gleditschia (p. 89).
48.

. Smithia (p. 77).

Sesbania (p. 77).

. Aeschynomene (p. 77).
. Arachis (p. 78).
15.

. Clitoria (p. 82).
22. Cicer (. 81).

a
63.

. Apios (p. 83).
57.
. Abrus (P. 82).

. Pisum 82.).
. Vicia (p. 81).
60.

64.

. Fordia (p. 77).
61.

. Indigofera (p. 75).
62,

62a,
Astragalus (p. 77).

62a.Leaflets stipellate... ae we «6.
63.
64.

65.
66.

67.
68.
69.
70.
71.
72.
73.
74,

75.

73

Leaflets exstipellate

Hairs normal ag

Flowers in crowded dichotomous
cymes . Se

Flowers in “racemes, panicles o or
racemose cymes

Leaflets stipellate... ¥ ce ae
. Derris (p. 86).
67.

Leaflets exstipellate

Flowers large, distinct

Flowers small, crowded in heads
or spikes we

Pod many-seeded ...

Fruit samaroid

Flowers crowded into spikes

Flowers iv round heads ...

Leaflets ovate, acuminate 59
Leaflets oblong, obtuse 60
Herb or shrub

Tree ee

Pod prickly 62
Pod smooth 61
Stamens definite ... 63
Stamens indefinite

Stamens united

Stamens free 64

Pod straight

Pod circinnate ...
Leaflets under 4 inch long
Leaflets over 1 inch long

1—CROTALARIA.

Key to species.

. Leaves trifoliate

Leaves simple ...

. Racemes 2- Atlawered a

Racemes 10- or mworetlowarea.

. Flowers ? inch long

Flowers 3 inch long

Flowers not or hardly exceeding the
calyx

Flowers much longer ‘than the calyx

Stem winged

Stem wingless ...

. Calyx clothed with long reddish hairs:

Calyx glabrous, pubescent or velvety
Pod included in the calyx
Pod far exceeding the calyx ...

. Pod included in the calyx

Pod far exceeding the calyx ...

Millettia (p. 76).

ea . Pongamia (p. 86).
Hairs attached by centre we A

Indigofera (p. 75).
75.

. Dalbergia (p. 85).

65.
Millettia (p. 76).

68.

. Caesalpinia (p. 88).
. Pterolobium (p. 89).
69.

70.

. Erythrophloeum (p.90).
. Adenanthera (p. 90).
71,

72.

. Mimosa (p. 91).

. Desmanthus (p. 91).

. Leucaena (p. 91).
73.

74,

. Acacia (p. 92).

. Albizzia (p. 92).

. Pithecolobium (p. 92).
. Abrus (p. 82).

. Tephrosia (p. 82).

2.
4.

1. medicaginea.
3.

2. striata.

3. elliptica.

5.
11,
5. alata.
6.
7.
8.
6. linifolia,
7. albida.
9.
8. ferruginea,

10.

11.

10.

ll.

12.

1.

2.

74

. Calyx densely hairy ... on avs 10. |

Calyx thinly hairy. fi w+ 9. chinensis.
Calyx about 1 inch long aa ... 10. ealycina.
Calyx about 4 inch long: is .. Ll. sessiliflora.
Leaves retuse, midrib not excurrent 4. retusa.
Leaves rounded at top, apiculate ... 12. assamica.

. C. medicaginea, Linn. ; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 81.

Samyung, West River. FI. yellow, June. ;

C. striata, DC. ; Baker 1. c. 84. Roadsides at Wongneichong
and elsewhere, Hongkong; Dane’s Island, Whampoa.
Fl. yellow, November.

C. elliptica, Roxd.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 75. Roadsides at
Causeway Bay, Shaukiwan and Victoria Road, and
Stonecutters’ Island, Hongkong; Taipo Road and Mirs
Bay, Hongkong New Territory; Macao; Pakhow Fl.
yellow, August. hay

C. retusa, Linn.; Benth. 1. c. 74. Seashore at Deepwater
Bay, Hongkong; Pengchau Island, Hongkong New
Territory ; Macao. Fl. yellow, tinged with purple,
December. :

C. alata, Ham.; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. u. 69.
Swatow district. Fl. yellow, April.

C. linifolia, Linn. f.; Baker 1. ¢. 72. Kowloon, Hongkong ;
West River below Fangchun. FI. pale yellow, September.

C. albida, Heyne; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 74. North Point and
Mt. Parker North, Hongkong; Kowloon catchwater,
Hongkong New Territory ; Lienchow River ; Lofoushan.
FI. pale yellow, September

C. ferruginea, Grah.; Baker in Hook. f. FI. Brit. Ind. ii. 68.
Lienchow River; Lofoushan, FI. yellow, August.

C. chinensis, Linn. ; Baker ].c.73. Lantao Island, Hongkong
New Territory; Hoifung; White Cloud Hills near
Canton. FI. yellow, Angust.

C. calycina, Schranck ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 74. Shaukiwan
os Repulse Bay, Hongkong; Macao. FI. pale yellow,

ily. |

C. sessiliflora, Linn.; C. brevipes, Champ.; Benth.l.c. Hast
Point, Hongkong ; Macao; Pakhoi; Lofoushan. FI.
blue-white, August.

C. assamica, Benth.; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Frit. Ind. ii. 75.
Lofoushan. Fl. yellow, September.

2.—MEDICAGO.

Key to species.

Pods globular ... is site oe OL. Lepuldd
Pods linear... via oe 2, ie

M. lupulina, Linn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 75. Grassy places,
Hongkong without locality ; Swatow. Fl. yellow, May.
M. falcata, Linn. ; DC. Prodr. ii. 172, Lucerne, cult, and
naturalised in Hongkong. FI. yellow,

9.

75

3.—MELILOTUS.

. M. macrorhiza, Pers.; DC. Prodr. ii. 187. Abundant in places

along the West River. FI. yellow, July.

4.—INDIGOFERA.

. Leaflets, 3... ae eas or 2.

Leaflets 5 or more aie ae 4..

. Flowers sessile, axillary, gemminate... 1. chinensis.

Flowers in very short many-flowered

racemes... ais ae one 3.
Terminal leaflet stalked 2. trita.
Terminal leaflet sessile 5 ww. 8, trifoliata.
Flowers small, }to}inch ... see 5.
Flowers larger ... i ite ise 8.

Leaves nearly sessile, 5-9-foliate ... 4. endecaphylla.
Leaves 9-17-foliate, petiole 4 to 1 inch 6.
Leaflets under 1 inch ... oe ae 7.
Leaflets over 1 inch 5. atropurpurea.
Pods curved... oes 6. Anil.

Pods straight ... ae ade 7. tinetoria.
Plant hirsute with reddish hairs 8. hirsuta,
Plant glabrous or nearly so... eas 9.
Leaflets reticulate — sie w. —-9. venulosa.
Leaflets smooth is aes --- 10. decora,

I. chinensis, Vogel; Walp. Rep. i. 669. Near Macao. FI.

——., Spring ?

. trita, Linn. f.; DC. Prodr. ii. 232. Canton. FI. red, ‘
. trifoliata, Zinn. ; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 96.

Canton and Lienchow River. FI. purplish-red, August.

. endecaphylla, Jacg.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 76. Hongkong

without locality ; Ngauchiwan, Hongkong New Territory.
Fl. pink, August.

. atropurpurea, Ham.; DC. Prodr. ii. 225. Shiuhing Pass,

W. River ; Fukwing, Canton River, near Hongkong. ‘FI.
dark red, May-June.

. Anil, Linn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 77. On roadsides and

other waste places, Hongkong; Pakhoi. FI. yellow,
, Spring ?

. tinctoria, Zinn.; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 99.

Lantao Island and Lamtsun, Hongkong New Territory ;
Swatow; Lienchow River. Fl. pink, May-September.

. hirsuta, Linn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 76. Wougneichong and

Aberdeen-Pokfulam Road, Hongkong; Castle Peak,
Hongkong New Territory ; Macao. FI. red, September.
venulosa, Champ.; Benth. lc. 77, North side of Mt.
Victoria and Mt. Gough, Hongkong; Lantao Island,
Hongkong New Territory. Fl. reddish-lilac, April.

. decora, Lindl. ; Benth. Lc. 77. Hongkong without locality.

Fl. pink, Spring.

76

5.—TEPHROSIA.

Key to species.

1. vestita.

Leaflets ovate-oblong ...
2, purpurea.

Leaflets linear-oblanceolate

1. T. vestita, Vogel in Walp. Rep. i. 674. Lantao, Hongkong
New Territory ; Macao. Fl. , July.

2. T. purpurea, Pers.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 78. East Point and
Cape d’Aguilar, Hongkong. FI. purple, April.

T. Tutcheri, Dunn and T. oraria, Hance, are forms of Millettia
pulchra, Benth,

6.—MILLETTIA.

Key to species.

1. Inflorescence racemose 7. pulchra.
Inflorescence paniculate 2.

2. Corolla densely velvety 3.
Corolla subglabrous sd sa 4,

3. Leaflets downy below while young;

standard papery ‘ite w. 1. Dielsiana.
Leaflets glabrous, acuminate ; standard
leathery eae 2. nitida.
4, Calyx densely velvety... 3. speciosa.
Calyx subglabrous ae vis 5.
5. Flowers purple, blackening on drying... 4. reticulata.
Flowers pale on drying ve wins 6.
6. Calyx glabrous, corolla greenish 5, Champtoni.
Calyx pubescent, corolla rose-coloured 6. cognata.

1. M. Dielsiana, Harms in Engl. Jahrb. xxix. 412. Amongst
big boulders in a ravine at Cape d’Aguilar, Hongkong* ;
Taimoshan at 1500 feet, Hongkong New Territory;
Swatow ; Lienchow River. Fl. reddish-purple, August.

2. M. nitida, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 78. Very common in Hongkong ;
Kanghau, Hongkong New Territory; Lofoushan. Fl.
purple, July.

3. M. speciosa, Champ.; Benth. 1. c. 78. On Bowen Road,
Pokfulam and Victoria Peak, Hongkong ; Kanghau and
Hahang, Hongkong New Territory; Lienchow River.
Fl. white, September.

4, M. reticulata, Benth, in Miq. Pl. Jungh. i. 249. Aberdeen,
Taitam Tuk and Repulse Bay, Hoaeliae Madénshan,
Hongkong New Territory; North River. Fl. dark
purple, May.

5. M. Championi, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 79. On Mt. Gough, Mt.

Parker and in the Happy Valley woods, Hongkong ;
Lantao island and Maénshan, Hongkong New Territory ;

Lienchow River.

Fl. greenish-white, July.

® This liane is placed here with doubt and may prove to be a distinct species.

o

wv

[ol

17

. M. cognata, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1880, 260. Lienchow River.

F1. rose-coloured, -——.

. M. pulchra, Benth.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 104. On the

hills behind Aberdeen, Mt. Kellet, Little Hongkong,
Sheko, Cape D’Aguilar, Hongkong ; Lantao and hill on
west of S. face of tunnel, Hongkong New Territory ;
Lienchow River. FI. purple, April-August,

7.—FORDIA.

. F. cauliflora, Hemsl. Enum. Pl. China, i. 160. On the West

and Lienchow Rivers. Fl. rose-coloured, July.

8.—WISTARIA.

. W. chinensis, DC. Prodr. ii. 390. In the Happy Valley

woods, Hongkong. Fl. pale blue, March.
9.—SESBANIA.

. 8. aculeata, Pers.; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii, 114.

Hoifung. Fl. yellow, September.
10.—-ASTRAGALUS.

. A. sinicus, Linn. ; A. lotordes, Lam. ; DC. Prodr. ii. 282. In

fields near Chaochaufu, Swatow ; Macao. FI. pink, April.

11.—AESCHYNOMENE.

. A. indica, Zznn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 79. East Point,

Hongkong ; Macao; Pakhoi. Fl. yellow, August.

(12.—SMITHIA.
Key +o species.

Leaflets bristly ies as as 2,
Leaflets not bristly ... ° 1, salsuginea.
Racemes and leaves crowded at ends of

branches... . 2. conferta.
Racemes and leaves ‘not crowded ‘at

ends of branches ... aks ... 38, sensitiva,

S. salsuginea, Hance in Soin Bot. 1869, 164. Kowloon,
opposite Hongkong. Fl. yellow, October.

. 8. conferta, Sm. ; DC. Prodr. i. 323. Lantao Island, Hong-

kong New Territory; Swatow District. Fl. yellow, ——.

. §. sensitiva, Ait.; DC. lc. 323. In marshy spots near

Canton. FI. yellow, October.

13.—GEISSASPIS.

1. G. seer Wight et Arn, ; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind.

141, Deepwater Bay, salt marshes Kowloon, Hong-
Koug ; Lienchow River. F1l.——, August,

1.

1. Z. diphylla, Pers.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 80.

lL.

78
14.-ARACHIS.

A. hypogaea, Linn.; DC. Prodr. ii. 474.

Cultivated in

Hongkong and Kwangtung. FI. yellow, June.

15.—ZORNIA.

Victoria Peak,

Mt. Gough and Stonecutters’ Island, Hongkong ; Lantao
Island, Hongkong New Territory ; near Chaochaufu ;

Macao; Pakhoi.

16.—DESMODIUM.
Key to species.

Pod crenate on one side, not articulate ;
leaflets 3, terminal largest
Pod articulate ...

. Erect shrub... te

Perennial herb, sometimes woody below

. Leaves 1-foliate

Leaves 3-foliate

. Bracts persistent, orbicular ... wre

Bracts elongate, small, deciduous

. Pod silky, joints usually 3

Pod subglabrous, jomts 1-2

. Inflorescence axillary ...

Inflorescence terminal ...

. End leaflet 4-6 times as long as broad ;

7
pod. subglabrous 2 ase
End leaflet 2-3 times as long as broad ;
pod pubescent ae mus _
8. Leaves 1-foliate bi fe aes

Leaves 3-foliate
Leaves glabrous above
Leaves downy above ... =

. Leaves rotundate

Leaves oblong ... _

. Inflorescence on very short axillary

branches ; leaves small ; stems pro-
cumbent i

Inflorescence terminal ... wee as
12. Peduncles axillary, 3-flowered ss
Peduncles some or all racemose ‘
13. Leaflets small, obtuse; racemes short

15.

16.

Leaflets large, attenuate ; racemes very
long...

. Peduncles all racemose Fa

Peduncles 3-flowered and racemose ...
Leaflets membranous ...

Leaflets coriaceous Sie
Pod little indented ewe ae
Pod deeply partite...

FI. yellow, April.

SO Pp &

Oo @

11.

. gyroides.
2.

3.
v.

. triquetrum.

4.
5.
6

. elegans.

. pulchellum.

. Cephalotes.

. laburnifolium.

- gyrans.

- gyroides,
9

il.
10.

. latifolium.
. retroflexum,
. gangeticum.

12.

13.
triflorum.

14,

15.

16.

. parvifolium.

. heterophyllum,
. polycarpum.

. reticulatum,

. laxiflorum.

1%,

17,

10.

11.

12,

13.
14.

15.

16.
17.

18.

Stem leafy re Ne

L

D.

79

ede 17. podocarpum.
eaves crowded into a rosette at the

branch ends 18. Gardneri.

. D. gyroides, DC.; Baker in Hook. £ Fl. Brit, Ind. ii, 175,

Lofoushan. FI. purple, September.

triquetrum, DC. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 83. Mt. Victoria, Mt.
Gough, Mt. Kellet and Chaiwan, Hongkong ; Hongkong
New Territory- without locality; Swatow; Macao;
Lofoushan. FI. purple, July.

. elegans, Benth. 1.c.83. Common on roadsides in Hongkong ;

Hongkong New Territory without locality; Lofoushan ;
Whampoa. FI. » September.

. pulchellum, Benth. 1.c. 83, .Mt. Gough and East Point,
Hongkong ; Mawan, Hongkong New Territory ; Swatow;
Whampoa; Macao; Pakhoi. FI. yellowish, September.

. Cephalotes, Wall.; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 161.

Banks of the West River. Fl. ——, July.

. laburnifolium, DC.; Bakerl. c.163. At Fanling, Hongkong

New Territory ; Lanfa Mt., Hoifung ; Lienchow River ;
woods in the gorges of Tsingyun, North River. Fl. white,
August. 7

. gyrans, DC.; Baker]. c. 174. Lienchow River. Fl. purple,

August.

. latifolium, DC.; Baker l.c. 168. East Point on roadsides,
Hongkong ; Swatow. FI. purple, October.

. retroflexum, DC.; Baker lc. 170. Lantao Island and near
Sanwai, Hongkong New Territory; hills around Whampoa.
Fl. ——, August. eee

. gangetioum, DC.; Benth, Fl. Hongk. 84. Roadsides about
Mt. Gough, Hongkong; near Chaochaufu, Swatow ;
near Canton. FI. purple, April—August.

. triflorum, DC.; Benth. 1. c. 83. Common on lawns in
a and at Chaiwan, Hongkong; Pakhoi. FI. purple,

uly.

. parvifolium, DC.; Benth. 1. c. 84. » Hongkong without
locality ; Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory ;
Lienchow River. Fl. pink, August.

. heterophyllum, DC.; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii.
173. Pakhoi.. Fl. pink, ——.

. polycarpum, DC.; Benth. Fl, Hongk. 84. Kennedy Road

and elsewhere, common in Hongkong; Lantao Island,
Hongkong New Territory; Whampoa; West River.
FI. purple, October.

. reticulatum, Champ.; Benth. 1. c. Grassy places, Pokfulam,

Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory ;
Whampoa; Macao; Pakhoi. Fl: , June—August.

D. laxiflorum, DC. ; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii, 164,

D.

D.

Lofoushan. FI. blue, September.
podocarpum, DC.; Baker 1]. c. 165. Kwaisin, near Hoifung ;
., Lofoushan. Fl. pink, August. :

Gardneri, Benth.; Baker 1c... Lanfa. Mt.,. Hoifung ;
Lofoushan, FI. red, August.

80

17.—PYCNOSPORA.

1. P. hedysaroides, R. Br.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 91. Hillsides
Pokfulam, Hongkong. Fl. ——, August.
, 18—URARIA.
Key to species.
1. Leaves pinnate af as oc 2.
Leaves 1-3-foliate ... “63 .. 1. lagopoides.
2. Leaflets linear ... we’ igs v2. picta,
Leaflets ovate ... ie ile .» 38. erinita.
1. U. lagopoides, DC.; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 156.

—

[)

Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory; in waste
grassy places, Canton; Lienchow River. FI. ;
August— October.
U. picta, Desv.; Baker ]. c. 155. Capsuimun, Hongkong
New Territory. Fl. purple, July.
. U. crinita, Desv.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 81. Mt. Victoria and
Mt. Gough, Hongkong; Lantao Island and Kanghau,
Hongkong New Territory ; Lofoushan. Fl. mauve, June.

19.-LOUREA.
Key to species.

Terminal leaflet truncate, broader
than long ... ves a w+ 1. obcordata.
Terminal leaflet ovate ... see «2. campanulata.

. L. obcordata, Desv.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 82. Hongkong
without locality ; ramparts of Canton. FI. blue, J une—
September.

. L. campanulata, Benth.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 155,
Lofoushan. F]. ——, August.

20.—ALYSICARPUS.
Key to species.

. Calyx a little shorter than first joint

of pod se ads ie w+ 1. vaginalis,
Calyx much longer than first joint
of pod a nb 2

. Joints of pod transversely ribbed wa Ds rugosus.
Joints of pod smooth ... : 3. bupleurifolius.

. A. vaginalis, DC.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 80. On Chaiwan beach,
Hongkong; Canton; Sanning; Pakhoi. Fi. blue,
September.

. A, rugosus, DC.; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 159.
Kwangtung? Fl. yellow, ——.,

. A. bupleurifolius, DC.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 81. Hongkong
without locality; Hongkong New Territory without
locality ; Canton. FI. purple, September,

81

'21.—LESPEDEZA.
Key to species.

1, Stipules and bracts broad, persistent ;
small, procumbent shrub ... we 1, striata,
Stipules and bracts small si wine 2,
2, Leaflets narrow, cuneate, truncate ... 2. juncea.
Leaflets ovate ...

3. Racemes shorter than leaves ... we ~~ 8, eyclobotrya,
Racemes longer than leaves ae 4,

4, Calyx segments linear ... a we 4, chinensis.
Calyx segments ovate ... j swe 5

5, Calyx }-shorter than sessile pod .... 5, ‘macrocarpa,
Calyx 3-shorter than stipitate pod ... 6. viatorum.

1. L. striata, Hook. et Arn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 85. Wongnei-
chong, Hongkong; Canton; Macao. Fl. dark purple,
September.

. L. juncea, Pers. ; L. cuneata,G. Don; Benth. 1. c. Shaukiwan,
Hongkong; Castle Peak, Hongkong New Territory ;
Lintin Island, near Hongkong ; common on low hills near
Canton; Lienchow River. Fl. pink-purple, August.

3. L. cyclobotrya, Mig. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. i. 48.
Pengchau Island, Hongkong New Territory ; Swatow;
Lienchow River. FI. red, Autumn.

4, L. chinensis, G. Don; Maxim, in Acta Hort. Petrop. ii. 367,
Macao. Fl. ~—, May-October.

5. L. macrocarpa, Bunge; Maxim, |.c. 351, Lienchow River.
F]. white, August.

6. L. viatorum, Champ.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 86. Common on
roadsides on the south side of the island, Hongkong ;
Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory; Lofoushan.
Fl. purple, October, November.

bo

22.—CICER.

1. C. arietinum, Zinn.; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 176.
Kowloon opposite Hongkong, Fl. ——, April.

23.—VICIA.
Key to species.
1. Ovules 2 ee hee eee we =o Aersuta,
Ovules 4 or more Sig bay eee 2,
2, Ovules 4 ante ee saa .» 2. tetrasperma.,
Ovules more than4 ... Nae .. =.=. Sativa,

. V. hirsuta, Koch ; Ervum hirsutum, Linn. ; DC, Prodr. ii. 366.
On Victoria Peak and at East Point, Hongkong. FI.
white, March.

V. tetrasperma, Moench; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii,
177. In fields near Chaochaufu. FI, blue, April.

_3. V. sativa, Zinn.; DC. Prodr. ii. 360. On waste ground at

East Point, Hongkong; Swatow. FI. reddish-blue, April.

21515 F

—

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82

24.—LATHYRUS.

.L. Aphaca, Linn.; DC. 1. c. 372. Kowloon in cultivated
ground. FI. yellow, ——.

25.—PISUM.
. P. sativum, Linn.; DC. 1. c. 368. Cultivated in Hongkong
and Kowloon. FI. white, Winter.
26.—ABRUS.
Key to species.
. Diffuse shrub 1-2 ft. hig ‘ine .. Ll. cantoniensis.
Climbing plant ane vie iss 2.
. Plant subglabrous... ve w. 2. precatorius.
Petiole fulvo-villous ... 0 we = 8 mollis.
. A. cantoniensis, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1868, 112. Hedges,

Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory ; White Cloud
hills near Canton; Whampoa. FI. reddish, August.

. A. precatorius, Zinn.; Benth. FI. Hongk. 92. Stanley,
Hongkong; Chinwan, Hongkong New Territory. Fl.
pink, white or nearly purple, August.

A. mollis, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1871, 130. Shekmun near
Canton; White Cloud hills; North west River. Fl. rosy-
purple, August.

2'7.—CLITORIA.

Key to species.

Erect herb or small shrub about 1 ft.
high ., ivi one Ser .. 1. Hanceana,
Climber... . 2 Ternatea.

. C. Hanceana, Hemsl, Enum. PI. China, i, 187. Alongside

path leading up to Lion Rock Pass, behind Kowloon City,
Hongkong New Territory ; waste places along the North
River. FI. white, June.

. ©. Ternatea, Zinn.; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 208.

Victoria Rd., Pokfulam, Hongkong. Fl]. blue, Summer.

28.—GLYCINE.

Key to species.

Leaflets 3-4 inches long, broadly ovate 1. hispida.
Leaflets under 2 inches long, oblong... 2. tabacina.

. G. hispida, Mazim.; Soja hispida, Moench; DC. Prodr. ii.
396. Near Chaochaufu, an escape from cultivation. Fl.
blue, April.

. G. tabacina, Benth; Walp. Ann. vii. 780.

Gr 1
Whampoa, Fl. purplish, May. Pay ener

83

29.—APIOS.

1. A. Fortunei, Mazim. in Mél. Biol. ix. 67. Bushy places along
the Lienchow River. Fl. green and red, June.

30.—MUCUNA.
Key to species.

1. Flowers purple ; pod with oblique folds 2.
Flowers white ; pod without folds ... 1. Birdwoodiana.
2. Leaves glabrous beneath; flowers 3

inches long ae bai se 2. macrobotrys.
Leaves silky beneath; flowers 2 inches
long iid a wee eee = 8. Champion.

1. M. Birdwoodiana, Tutcher in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. xxxvii.
64. Bushy places on Mt. Parker and Mt. Gough,
Hongkong; ‘aimoshan, Hongkong New ‘Territory ;
Lofoushan. Fl, ivory-white, April. a

2. M. macrobotrys, Hance; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 87. Near the
Buddhist Temple, Causeway Bay, Hongkong. FI.
purple, ——.

3. M. Championi, Benth. 1. c. 87. Near the Buddhist Temple,
Causeway Bay, Hongkong; Hongkong New Territory
without locality ; Lienchow River. Fl. purple, March.

31—GALACTIA.

1. G. tenuiflora, Wight et Arn.; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit, Ind.
ii, 192. Lienchow River. FI. reddish, August.

32.—PUERARIA.
Key to species.

Flowers $-inch long, crowded; pod hairy

with spreading hairs xe we L. Thaunbergiana,
Flowers }-inch long, lax; pod adpressed-.
hairy i ake wie 2. phaseoloides,

1. P. Thunbergiana, Benth.; Neustanthus chinensis, Benth. FI.
Hongk. 86. Common in Hongkong, climbing over
shrubs ; Kwaisin, Hoifung. Fl. bluish-purple, September.

2. P. phaseoloides, Benth. ; Neustanthus phaseoloides, Benth. 1. c.
86. Common in Hongkong ; on the Taipo Road, Hong-
kong New Territory; on the bank of the Han River,
Swatow. Fl. light purple, August.

33.—-CANAVALIA.
Key to species.

Leaves ovate-oblong, usually acute ... 1. ensiformis.
Leaves obovate, usually obtuse or
retuse vee mesic ln, veke we 2, obtustfolia,

21515 F2

i

bo

84

. C, ensiformis, DC.; C. gladiata, DC.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 88,
Little Hongkong and Victoria Peak, Hongkong ; Three
Fathoms Cove, Hongkong New Territory ; French Island,
Whampoa. FI. rosy-purple, July. ; =

. C, obtusifolia, DC.; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 11. 196,
Near Stanley, Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hongkong
New Territory. Fl. purple, September.

Me

84.—PHASEOLUS.
Key to species.

1, Plant hairy, usually densely so w. 1. Mungo.
Plant quite or nearly glabrous . 2.

2. Leaflets lanceolate... oe ... 2, minimus.
Leaflets ovate .... 0 os is nee 3.

3. Flowers 3-inch ; pod oblong ... we 4 Lunatus.
Flowers 3-inch; pod lineal ... 3. chrysanthus.

1

2

. P. Mungo, Zinn.; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii, 203,
Lienchow River. Il. yellow, August.

. P. minimus, Rozl.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 88. Mt. Gough, Hong-
kong; Hongkong New Territory without locality ;
Lofoushan. FI. greenish-yellow, August-September.

P. chrysanthus, Savi; DC. Prodr. ii. 395. Laniao Island and
Plovers’ Cove, Hongkong New Territory; near Chao.
chaufu, Swatow. FI. yellow, April.

. P. lunatus, Zinn.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 200, Chao-

chaufu. FI. ——.

35.—VIGNA.

V. sinensis, Hassk.; V. Catiang, Miq.; Baker in Hook. f. Fl.
Brit. Ind, ii. 205, Cultivated in Hongkong and Kwangtung.
Fl. white, May.

36.—PACHYRHIZUS.

. P. angulatus, Rich. ; Baker 1. c. 209. Hongkong; Hongkong
New Territory; Sanning ; Lienchow River, cultivated.
Fl. yellow or reddish, August.

37.—DOLICHOS.
Key to species,
Flowers in long racemes ae v1, Lablad.

Flowers gemminate, axillary ... w= 2, biflorus.

. D.Lablab, Linn. ; Bakerl.c. 209. Pakhoi; Macao; Lienchow
River. Fl. reddish or white, August.
. D. biflorus, Zinn. ; Baker l.c.210. Canton, FI, yellow, ——.

38.—CAJANUS.

. C. indicus, Spreng.; Benth. Fl. Hongk, 89. Mt. Kellet,
Hongkong ; Maénshan, Hongkong New Territory ; hill
near Chaochaufus -Waichow. Fl. yellow, April.

(85

39.—DUNBARIA.
Key to species.

hairs ist Gee ater cate 1. fusca,
Calyx shortly pubescent seettas »<-ehaee 2,
. Pod conspicuously stalked above calyx 2. podocarpa..
Pod sessile on calyx ... dete .. 3, conspersa.

- D. fusca, Kurz; Phaseolus fuscus, Wall.; Baker in Hook. f.
Fi. Brit. Ind. ii. 204. Lienchow River. FI. claret-colour
outside, yellow inside, September.

- D. podocarpa, Kurz; Baker 1. c. 218. Mainland opposite
Hongkong ; Pakhoi. Fl. ——, September.

. D. conspersa, Benth, Fl. Hongk. 89. Waste places Hongkong
without locality ; Hongkong New Territory without
locality ; Swatow ; Hoifung; Pakhoi; Northwest River;
Lofoushan. Fl. yellow, August to October.

40.—ATYLOSIA.

. A. scarabaeoides, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 90. Abundant near
seacoast and Mt. Gough, Hongkong; Stonecutters’
Island ; Harbour Island in Mirs Bay, Hongkong New
Territory ; Lofoushan. Fl. yellow, September.

Atylosia crinita Dunn = Dunbaria fusca, Kurz.

41.—-RHYNCHOSIA.

. R. volubilis, Zour.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 90. Cape d’Aguilar
and Little Hongkong, Hongkong; Swatow; Canton;
Macao; Pakhoi; Lienchow River. FI. yellow, June.

42.—ERIOSEMA.

. EB. chinense, Vogel; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 91. Rough grassy
mountain slopes Victoria Peak, Mt. Kellet and Mt. Gough,
Hongkong; hill near Chaochaufu; Macao; Pakhoi.
FI, yellow, May.

43.—FLEMINGIA.

. F. congesta, Rozd.; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 228.
Near Sanwai, Hongkong New Territory; Swatow;
Lienchow River; West River; Lofoushan. FI. red,
September.

44,—DALBERGIA.
Key to species.
. Leaflets small, oblong, crowded wit 2.
Leaflets large, oval... a wes 3.
. Leaves 9-11- foliolate ... re wo» = 1, Haneet,

Leaves 23-35- foliolate ule we «=D, Millettii.

86

. Pod sub-reniform ans — r 3. Torta.
Pod oblong... sas pas ve 4.

. Racemes axillary . We ae 5.
Racemes terminal ate ei we 4, Aupeana.

. Leaflets 5-7... sive aie .. 5. Bentham.
Leaflets 13-15 ... : . 6. Balansae.

. D. Hancei, Benth. F). Hongk. 93. On Mt. Davis and at East
Point, Hongkong. Fl. white, March.

. D. Millettii, Benth. 1. c. 92. Common in Hongkong. Fl.
white, May.

. D. Torta, Grah,; Prain in Ann. Bot. Gard. Cale. x. 64. At
Little Hongkong and at Aberdeen near the sea, Hong-
kong. Fl. white, June. ;

. D. hupeana, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1882, 5. Lienchow River,
and without locality, Kwangtung. FI. white, June.

. D. Benthami, Prain 1. c. 62. At East Point and Pokfulam,
Hongkong. Fl. white, March. ;

. D. Balansae, Prain. 1. c. 90. Lienchow River and without
locality, Kwangtung. FI. white June.

45.—DERRIS.
Key to species.
. Leaflets about 9 sis ee » 1. Hancet,
Leaflets 5-7... ae oa ane 2.
. Leaflets blunt, emarginate ... we 2. alborubra,
Leaflets acuminate... ise nc 3.
. Flowers usually in simple axillary
racemes « 3, uliginosa.

Flowers in axillary panicles ie oie the Fordit.

. D. Hancei, Hemsi. in Bot. Mag. sub t. 8008. On muddy river
bank at Shiuhing, West River. Fl. white, May.

. D. alborubra, Hemsi. |. c. t. 8008. At Laichiwo and Hahang,
Hongkong New Territory ; Lofoushan. Fl. white, June.
- D.uliginosa, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 94. Hongkong without locality;
Taipo, Hongkong New Territory ; Whampoa. FI. white,
August.

. D. Fordii, Oliver in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1771. At Sheko Gap,
Hongkong ; Lienchow River. Fl. white, February.

46.—PONGAMIA.

. P. glabra, Vent.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 94. Without locality,
Hongkong ; Whampoa and Kwangtung without locality.
Fi. bluish-white, June.

47.—CLADASTRIS.

. C, australis, Dunn, sp. n., a speciebus ceteris hujus generis
leguminibus ovatis differt,

Arbor parya ? praeter inflorescentiam glabra, ramulis levibus.
Folia imparipinnata, ‘3-4-juga, 12-15 em. longa, petiolo

87

5-6-plo longiora; foliola opposita, superiora lateralia
ovato-oblonga, in apicem obtusum angustata, basi obtusa,
4-5 cm. longa, integra, chartacea, nervis 5-paribus supra
reticulatis ; petioli 1-2 mm. longi; stipulae stipellaeque
carentes. acemi 2—-4-ni ex apice ramorum enati, sessiles,
per anthesin caudati, 10-20 cm. longi; rachis superior ut
pedicelli calycesque brunneo-pubescens. lores penduli,
numerosi, conferti, 8 mm. longi; pedicelli 6 mm. longi ;
bracteae subulatae, aequi-longae. Calyx late campanu-
latus, 4 mm. longus, 4-dentatus, dentibus 3 inferioribus
tubo paullo brevioribus, superiore longiore emarginato.
Petala alba? ; vexillum ovatum in unguem brevem angust-
atum, apice reflexum, 6 mm. longum ; cetera 7 mm. longa,
angusta. Stamina libera. Ovarium pubescens, 5-ovulatum.
Legumen ellipticum, compressum, indehiscens, angustissime
alatum, 3-3°5 cm. longum, 1:5 cm. latum, apice basique
rotundatum, breviter stipitatum. Semina compressa, ovalia,
7-9 mm. longa ; embryonis radicula accumbens.

N.W. River (fruit) 4.8.1890, Herb. Hongkong.; China (flower)
Millet “Sophora from China, Hort. Soc. Hort. Lond.
1838,” Herb. Kew. FI. white, summer. ?

48:—BOWRINGIA.

1. B. callicarpa, Champ.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 95. Abundant in
ravines on Mt. Victoria, Mt. Gough and Mt. Parker,
Hongkong; Madnshan and Plovers’ Cove, Hongkong
New Territory ; Swatow; Lienchow River ; Lofoushan.
Fl. white, May.

49._SOPHORA.
“Key to species.

1. Herb... ie ee ae we lL. flavescens.
Tree... cee G8 my ive 2.
2, Leaves velvety beneath 2. tomentosa.

Leaves glabrous beneath ee w+ 3. japonica.

1. S. flavescens, Azt.; DC. Prodr. ii. 96. Lienchow River: FI.
cream-coloured, April.

2. S. tomentosa, Linn.; DC.1.¢. 95. At Little Hongkong and
Repulse Bay, Hongkong; Hongkong New Territory
without locality; Kwangtung without locality. Fl,
yellow, August.

3. 8. japonica, Zinn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 95. Hongkong without
locality ; Canton; Lienchow River. Fl. white and pale
yellow, August.

50.—ORMOSIA.
Key to species.

1. Leaves densely woolly beneath oes 2.
Leaves glabrous sks a wee 3.
2. Pods lenticular, woolly igs .. 1. pachyearpa.

Pods oblong, glabrous ... site we = 2. mollis,

88

3. Leaflets blunt, emarginate ... we 8. emarginata.
Leaflets acuminate... we vee 4.

4, Calyx }-inchlong... ve 4, semicastrata.
Calyx 3-inch long ang ase .. 5, Fordiana.

1. 0. pachycarpa, Champ.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 96. Causeway
Bay, East Point, Mt. Victoria and elsewhere, Hongkong ;
Tin-tso-ngam, Hongkong New Territory; near Canton.
F]. whitish, June. ; .

2. 0. mollis, Dunn in Journ. Bot. 1909, 198. Lienchow River.

Fi. :

0. emarginata, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 96. Common in the Happy
Valley woods and other parts of Hongkong ; Ng-chung-
shan, Hongkong New Territory. Fi. white, June.

0. semicastrata, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1882, 78. Wongnei-
chong, Hongkong. Fl. white, April. j

0 Fordiana, Oliver in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2422. At Shapchaikam
on the North-west River. FI. white ?, July.

51.—CAESALPINIA.
Key to species.

1, Pod prickly sie ee ee 2.
Pod unarmed ... ars aes aes 3.
2. Stipules spiniform; petals white and
purple; pod 7-seeded _... wo. Minaz.
Stipules membranous; petals yellow ;
pod 1-2-seeded ... win .. 2. Bonducella
3. Leaves with few pinnae es w. = 8. Nuga.
Leaves with many pinnae ine 4,
4, Primary pinnae more numerous than
secondary ... iva tie one 5.
Primary pinnae less numerous than
secondary ... ae oe we 4, Millettiz.
5. Leaflets ovate, acute, coriaceous w= «By vernalis.
Leaflets oblong... ee ae ate 6.
6. Leaflets subcoriaceous, attached by
angle ata ae rT .. 6. Sappan.
Leaflets membranous, attached by
centre of base ‘es is we 7, sepiaria.
1. C. Minax, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1884, 365. At Castle Peak,
Hongkong New Territory ; Shiuhing on the North River.
Fl. white and purple, April.
2. C. Bonducella, Fleming; Guilundina Bonducella, Linn. ;
Benth. Fl. Honk. 96. Stonecutters’ Island and Repulse
Bay, Hongkong ; Castle Peak, Hongkong New Territory ;
Pakhoi. Fl. yellow, August.
3. C. Nuga, Act. ; Benth. 1c. 97, Cotmon in ravines on Hong-

Op

kong Island; Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory ;
river banks near Chaochaufu. FI. yellow, April.
C. Millettii, Hook.et Arn.; Walp. Rep.i.810. Macao, Fl.——.
C. vernalis, Champ.; Benth. Fl. Honk. 97. Common in
‘ravines in Hongkong. FI. golden yellow, April.

JT OD

_

89

. C, Sappan, Zinn.; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 255.

Kowloon opposite Hongkong. Fl. yellow, May.

. C. sepiaria, Roxd.; Baker. I. c. ii. 256. Castle Peak, Hong-

kong New Territory ; Lienchow River. Fl. yellow, April.

52.—PTEROLOBIUM.

. P. subvestitum, Hance in Journ, Bot. 1884, 365. Lienchow

River ; North-River ; Lofoushan. FI. white, August.

53.—GLEDITSCHIA.
Key to species.

Seeds nearly ese flat... we 1. macrantha.
Seeds oval aes dnp w. 2. australis.

. G. macrantha, Desf. ; Hemsl. Enum. Pl, China. i. 209. Lantao

Island, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. whitish,

eo Ge australis, Hemsi.1, ¢. 208. Happy: Valley woods, Hongkong;

near Canton. Fl. greenish, May.

54.—CASSIA.
Key to species.
. Sepals obtuse ... ae “as wes 2,
Sepals acute... aie se we 1. mimosoides.
. Leaflets obtuse... ge wide a 3.
Leaflets acute ... vac ves ee 4,
. Leaflets 2-3 pairs 2. Tora.
Leaflets 7-8 pairs a 3. glauca.
- Leaflets 3-5 pairs, lanceolate .. 4, occidentalis,
Leaflets 6-12 pairs, oblong-lanceolate 5. Sophera.

. C. mimosoides, Linn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 98. Victoria Peak,

Mt. Kellet and other localities, Hongkong ; Taimoshan,
Hongkong New Territory; MHoifung. FI. yellow,
August.

. ©. Tora, ZLinn.; Benth. 1. c. 98. On Robinson Road and

waste places, Hongkong; Castle Peak, Hongkong New
Territory; hill near Chaochaufu ; ‘Lofoushan, Fi.
yellow, October.

C. glauca, Lam.; DC. Prodr. ii. 495. On Robinson Road
and at Stanley, Hongkong; commonly cultivated. FI.
yellow, August.

. ©. occidentalis, Zinn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 98. Common in

waste places, Hongkong; Kuntong, Hongkong New
‘Territory ; Swatow; Lanfa Mt., Hoifung. FI. yellow,
September.

. C. Sophera, Linn. ; DC. Prod. ii. 492. Lantao Island, Hong-

kong New Territory, Fl. yellow, May.

90

55.—-BAUHINIA.
Key to species.

. Leaves almost undivided ia we 1. Championi.
Leaves divided half or deeper i 2.

. Leaves almost bipartite win ee 2. corymbosa.
Leaves divided not more than half way

to base ie wait 3.

. Fertile stamens 3-5... oer ae 4,
Fertile stamens 10... me we —- 3. Facemosa.

. Branches cirrhose “ nee w= 4. glauca.

Branches ecirrhose_... see .» 5, variegata.

1. B, Championi, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 99. Common in ravines in
various parts of Hongkong Island ; on the banks of the
Han River and at Chaochaufu, Swatow; Lienchow
River; Lofoushan. Fl. white, October.

. B. corymbosa, Rozb.; DC. Prodr. ii, 515. Hongkong ;
Kwangtung without locality. Flowers rose-coloured,
May.

. B. Pons Lam.; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 276.
Macao. FI. yellow, August. |

. B. glauca, Wall. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 99. At East Point and
in the Happy Valley woods, Hongkong ; Lantao Island,
Hongkong New Territory ; Yit-hai, Swatow. Fl. pale
rose, May.

. B. variegata, Linn.; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 284,
Naturalised in Hongkong. FI. pink variegated with red
and yellow, March.

56.—CERCIS.

. @. chinensis, Bunge; Walp. Rep. i. 808. Lienchow River.
Fl. pink, :

57.—TAMARINDUS.

. T. indica, Linn.; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii, 273.

Cultivated in Hongkong. FI. yellow striped with red, —.
58.—LYSIDICE.

. L. rhodostegia, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1867, 299. On steep
rocky banks of the West River, North River. Fl. violet,

June.

59.—ERYTHROPHLOEUM.

. E. Fordii, Oliver in Hook. Ic. Pl. +. 1409. Near Lintan on
the Loting River (branch of W. River). Fl. ——, May.

60.—ADENANTHERA.

. A, pavonina, Zinn.; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit, Ind, ii, 287.
In the Happy Valley woods and on Mt. Davis, Hong-
kong ; Maénshan, Hongkong New Territory ; Lienchow
River ; Tingushan, W. River; Tungkun District (Delta
of E. River). Fl. cream-colured, June,

_

_

=

91

61.—DESMANTHUS.

. D. virgatus, Willd.; Baker 1. c. 290. Hongkong without

locality. Fl. whitish,

62.—MIMOSA.

. M. pudica, Zinn.; Baker 1]. c. 291. Common on roadsides in

Hongkong and Kowloon. Fl. purple, August.

63.—LEUCAENA.

. L. glauca, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 100. Common on roadsides in

Hongkong. FI. pale yellow, May.

64.—ACACIA.
Key to species.
. Leaves bipinnate . a ine 2.
Leaves (phyllodes) simple ate ox Ls Btehae.
. Heads oe 3 — we 2. concinna.
Heads axillary .. wes ane .. 38. Farnesiana,
. A. Richii, A. Gray; Benth. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxx. 482.

Lukchau village on Lamma Island, Hongkong New Terri-
tory. Fl. yellow, June.

. A. concinna, DC.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 101. Belcher’s Bay,

Deepwater Bay and in the Happy Valley, Hongkong ;
Taimoshan at 1500 ft., Hongkong New Territory ; Lien-
chow River; near the top of the White Cloud hills.
FI. yellow, July.

3. A. Farnesiana, Willd.; Benth. 1.c.101. At Pokfulam, Hong-
kong ; at Wuling village, Chaochaufu and around Swatow.
Fi. yellow, winter.
638.—ALBIZZIA.
1, Leaflets oblong, obtuse we ve 2.
Leaflets linear, crowded, acute «1. stipulata.
2. Midrib of leaflets at side es .» 2. Lebbeh.

So no

Midrib of leaflets in centre... «= 8. Millettii.

. A. stipulata, Boiv.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 102. Hongkong

without locality ; West River. Fl. white, May.

. A. Lebbek, Benth. ; Acacia Lebbek, Willd. ; DC. Prodr, li. 466.

-Lienchow River. FI. white, J uly.

A. Millettii, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 102. In the Happy Valley,
Hongkong; Lantao Island and Taimoshan, Hongkong
New Territory Macao; North-west River; Lienchow
River. Fl. white, July.

92
64.—PITHECOLOBIUM.
Key to species.

Leaflets few, large, ovoid sia we. aly lucidum.
Leaflets many, rhomboidal, upper larger 2. Clypearia.

. P. lucidum, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 102. Little Hongkong, Taitam

Tuk and Aberdeen Road, Hongkong; Lantao Island and
Kowloon, Hongkong New Territory; hill near Chao-
chaufu ; about 10 miles North of Canton. Fl. white,
May. ‘

. P. Clypearia, Benth. 1.c. 103. Little Hongkong woods, in a

ravine below the Wongneichong-Taitam catchwater, along-
side path leading from Barker Road to May Road, Hong-
kong; lLantao Island and Taipo, Hongkong New
Territory. Fl. white, May.

ROSACEAE.

Key to genera.
1, Ovary superior .. wee ate ae 2,
Ovary inferior ... ... at 6.
2. Tree; fruit drupaceous awa ase 3.
Herb or shrub with compound fruit ... 4,

14,

3. Leaves entire and flowers subsessile ... 2, Pygeum.
Leaves serrate or flowers distinctly
pedicellate ... or ie we = 1, Prunus.
4, Shrub... le ee — ee 5.
Herb... sis ae is a 14,
5. Stems thorny se ee ww = 4, Rubus.
Stem erect, unarmed ... 3. Spiraea,
6. Herb... ae oes ane we 7, Agrimonia.
' Shrub or tree ... sia sa os Ts
7. Leaves pinnate... vee ates Are 8.
Leaves simple ... Re vie’ ave 9:
8. Stem thorny... ee ies «» 8. Rosa.
Stem unarmed ... wits site «+ 15, Osteomeles.
9. Fruit fleshy with one or more separate
seeds cies aes in aes 10.
Fruit a drupe with a multilocular stone 13.
10. Calyx limb deciduous ... ie wes 11.
Calyx limb persistent ... Ace ae 12.
11, Leaves evergreen one ~ -» 13. Raphiolepis.
Leaves deciduous a ace ve = 9, Pyrus,
12, Fruit large, soft ae ise -- 12. Eriobotrya.
Fruit small, hard wes sae see 11. Photinia.
13, Leaves evergreen 14. Stranvaesia,

Leaves deciduous
Receptacle swollen in fruit
Receptacle unenlarged

10. Crataegus.
wv. 5. Fragaria,
+ 6. Potentilla,

1.
2,
3.

4,

93 -

I—PRUNUS.

Key to species,
Peduncles solitary or fascicled ~... 5.
Flowers racemose alae earn tas 2.
Leaves entire ... ae we ine 3. -
Leaves toothed 3, macrophylla.
Leaves punctate 4
Leaves without dots beneath .. 3. marginata.
Veins obscure ... S 5. Fordiana,
Veins prominent 6. punctata,

. Stone of fruit rough and d downy 1. Mume.

Stone of fruit smooth . e 2, japonica.

3 Mume, Sized. et Zucc. in Fl. Jap. i. 29. Cultivated in

Hongkong New Territory and Kwangtung. Fl. white,
January,

P. japonica, Thunb. ; Cerasus japonica, Loisel.; DC. Prodr,
H. 538. On Victoria Peak, Peak Road and Bowen
Road, Hongkong ; Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory.
Fi. white, February.

. P, macrophylla, Sie}. ct Zuce.; Pygeum oxycarpum, Hance in

Journ. Bot. 1870, 242. White Cloud hills and Lienchow.
River. FI. ——, November.

. P, marginata, Dunn in Journ. Bot. 1907, 402. Lantao Peak

at 1500 ft., Hongkong New Territory. Fl. white, May.
P. Fordiana, Dunn 1, ¢. 402. Sanning. Fl, ——.

| P. punetata, Hook. f. Fl, Brit. Ind. ii, 317, In the Happy

Valley woods, Mt. Parker north, Cape d’Aguilar, Hong-
kong ; in a wood at the White Cloud monastery, Canton.
Fl. white, April, :

2.—PYGEUM.

. P. latifolium, Mg.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 104. Hongkong

without locality, Fl. white, ——.

3.—SPIRAEA.
Key to species.
1. Leaves obtuse, toothed at top wo 1, Blume.
Leaves elliptic or lanceolate, acute ... 2.
2. Leaves nearly entire ... sh .» 2. prunifolia.
Leaves inciso-serrate ... sis w. 3. cantoniensis.
1. 8. Blumei, G. Don; Maxim. in Act. Hort, Petrop. vi. 196.

w

Swatow ; Lienchow River. Fl. white, April.
. 8. prunifolia, ‘Sieb, et Zucc.; Maxim. |. c. 184. On hill at
Chaochaufu. Fl. white, April.

. 8. cantoniensis, Zour.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 105. Hongkong

without locality ; Whampoa. Fl, white, April.

94.

4,—RUBUS. |
Key to species. '
1, Leaves simple ... + whe one '
Leaves compound stk we ‘ie 1
2. Leaves ovate or oblong, acuminate

Leaves rotund, lobed and tomentose ..
. Peduncles densely setose

Peduncles with few setae or none
Floral leaves glabrous

Floral leaves tomentose

Peduncles l-flowered ...

$2 OU OS ee BS

.

. Swinhoet.
. Hanceanus.
. corchorifolius.

oN re

Peduncles paniculate ai 2
Leaves deeply cordate i .. 4, Lambertianus.
Leaves round or obscurely cordate at

base sibs ies sie 5. hexagynus.
8. Calyx with short grey tomentum 6. tephrodes,
Calyx with long reddish silky tomentum .
9. Leaves shallow-lobed ... a v7, formosensis.
Leaves deeply 3-5-lobed one ar 10.
10. Terminal lobe of leaf longest ... w= 8. refleus,
Lobes about equal... oils .» = 9. -moluccanus. .
11. Leaves pinnate... was sts .. 10. rosaefolius.
Leaves digitate ai in aia 12.
12. Leaves 5-nate ... an ae we 4, Playfairii.
Leaves 3-nate ... vies oer as 18
13. Leaves quite glabrous ... se wee «12, leucanthus. .
Leaves more or less hairy... oor 14,
14, Leaves white beneath ... ies ww» 18, parvifolius.
Leaves green on both sides ‘ _
15. Flowers less than 4-inch across .» 14. aralioides.
Flowers over l-inch across... we 15. Thunbergit.

1. R. Swinhoei, Hance ; Maxim. in Mél, Biol. viii. 380. Hill near
Chaochanfu ; Lofoushan. FI. white, April.

2. R. Hanceanus, O. Kuntze; R. Fordti, Hance in Journ. Bot.
1883, 298. At Tashing on the West River; Macao.
Fl. white, April.

3. R. corchorifolius, Linn. f.; DC. Prodr. ii. 567. On hill near
Chaochaufu ; North River. FI. pinkish, March.

4, R. Lambertianus, Ser.; R. ochlanthus, Hance in Journ. Bot.
1882, 260. Sai-ngau on the Lienchow River. FI. white,
August.

5. R. hexagynus, Rowb.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii, 327. At
Saikung, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. white, September.

6. R. tephrodes, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1874, 260. Lienchow River.
Fl. pink, July. :

7. R. formosensis, O. Kuntze; R. rugosus, Maxim. in Mél. Biol.
viii. 377. On hills along the North River. FI. :

8. R. reflexus, Ker; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 104. Very common in

Hongkong ; Lantao Island and on the southern slopes of
Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory ; North River.
Fl, white, May.

10.

11,

12,

13.

14,

15.

' 95:

. R. moluccanus, Zinn.; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 330. On

Taimoshan, especially on the northern slopes, Hongkong
New Territory; Hoifung; Sanning; Lienchow River ;
Northwest River ; Lofoushan. FI. white, summer.

R. rosaefolius, Smith ; Hook. f.1.c. 341. At Victoria Peak
and Wongneichung, Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hong-
kong New Territory ; slopes of the Phoenix Mt., Swatow ;
West River. Fl. white, May. ;

R. Playfairii, Hemsl. Enum. Pl. China, i. 235. Pakhoi FI.
white, April.

R. leucanthus, Hance; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 105. Common in
low grounds, Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong New
Territory ; hill near Chaochaufu ; Lofoushan. FI. white,
April.

R. fae olin Linn. ; Benth. 1.c. 105. Common in Hongkong ;
Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory ; hedges near
Swatow. Fl. pink, April.

R. aralioides, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1884, 41. Lofoushan at
1000 ft. FI. pale rose, May.

R. Thunbergii, Sieb. et Zucc.; Maxim. in Mél. Biol. viii. 389.
Kwangtung without locality. Fl. white, May.

5.—-FRAGARIA.

1. F. indica, Andr.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 343. In a bamboo

grove near Chaochaufu. FI. yellow, April.

6.—POTENTILLA.
Key to species.

Root leaves pinnate... te wee 1. supina.
Root leaves digitate ... sia v2, Kleiniana,

. P. supina, Linn. ; DC. Prodr. ii. 580. A weed of cultivated

ground, Canton; West River. Fl. yellow, April.
P, Kleiniana, Wight et Arn.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 359,
West River. Fl. yellow, April.

7.—AGRIMONIA.

. A. Eupatoria, Linn. ; DC. Prodr. ii. 587, Pokfulam, Hong-

kong ; at the foot of the west wall of the City, Canton ;
North River ; Lienchow River. Fl. yellow, September,

8.—ROSA.
Key to species.
1, Styles distinct ... vee nae a 4,
Styles united ... aa Pan ie 2.
2. Stipules pectinate ein “ne ve = 7. multiflora,
Stipules entire ... aie es ‘ina 3.
3. Stipules glabrous is ve 1. moschata.

Stipules ciliate ... ss vn . 2, Luciae,

iP oo

96

. Fruit prickly... site. tae oe 6.
Fruit smooth ... sie ise cae =O

. Flowers corymbose.. <a . 3, mierocarpa.
Flowers solitary or fascicled ... a. 4, indica.
Leaflets ovate ... ae ae . 5, laevigata,
Leaflets small, round ... xe w. 6. microphylla,

. R. moschata, Mill.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii, 367. ; In a
ravine above Kanghau, Hongkong New Territory ;
Whampoa; Macao; Lienchow River. Fl. white, April.
. BR. Luciae, Franch, et Rochebr.; R. moschata, Benth. Fi,
Hongk. 106. Hongkong without locality; Shalotung,
Hongkong New Territory; Dane’s Island, Whampoa,
Fi. white, April.

. R. microcarpa, Lindl.; R. amoyensis, Hance in Journ. Bot.
1868, 297. Hongkong without locality ; Swatow; in
hedges at Chaochaufu ; Lienchow River. FI. white, April.
. R. indica, Zinn. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 364. Kwangtung
without locality. Fl. red or pink, March to June.

. R. laevigata, Michz.; R. sinica, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 106.
Black’s Link, Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong New
Territory ; Kwangtung without locality; Swatow. Fl.
white, April.

}. R. microphylla, Roxb. ; Bot. Mag. t. 6548. Kwungtung with-
out locality. Fl. pale red, May and June.

. R. multiflora, Thund.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 364. Yit-hai,
Han River. Fl. pink, April.

9.—PYRUS.

‘Key to species.

. Leaves glabrous ini wie be 2.
Leaves woolly below, glabrescent ... 3.
Leaves sharply serrulate _ vs 1, sénensis.
Leaves crenulate sie ass eas 4,
Flowers solitary or fascicled ... «» 3, indica,
Flowers corymbose ... sie we 4, Arta,
Leaves long-stalked .., we ws 2, Calleryana,
Leaves subsessile ee an -. 5, Decaisneana,

. P. sinensis, Zindl.; Maxim. in Mél. Biol. ix, 168, Near
woe Hongkong New Territory. Fl. white, April and
ay.

. P.Calleryana, Decne. ; Maxim. I. c. 169. On the Lienchow
River. Fl. white, February.

. P. indica, Wall. Pl. As, Rar. ii. 56. t.173. Lienchow River.
P. Aria, Ehrh.; DC. Prodr. ii, 636. Top of Phoenix Mt,

Swatow. FI. white, April.
. P. Decaisneana, Dunn, nom. nov. Aria Decaisneana, Lav. Arb.

Segr. t. 18. Slopes of Phoenix Mt., Swatow. FI. white,
April. al és ie

97

10.—CRATAEGUS.

1. C. Pyracantha, Pers.; DC. Prodr. ii, 626.

Fl. white, June.

11.—PHOTINIA.
Key to species.

1. Peduncles and pedicels verticillate in

the corymb... die nee sai

Peduncles and pedicels racemose in the

corymb bes aii aie

2. Leaves densely serrulate from base ...

Leaves remotely serrate in upper part

3. Leaves glandular-punctate beneath ...
Leaves epunctate

Lienchow River,

. Benthamiana.

2.
3

. pustulata.

4,
5

. Panicles globose

Panicles corymbose uae one

. Leaves quite glabrous ; corymbs many-
flowered a ies a

Leaves more or less tomentose; corymbs
few-flowered ae oa we 6.

3. melanostigma.
4, prunifolia.
5

. serrulata.

variabtlis.

. P. Benthamiana, Hance ; Maxim. in Mél. Biol. ix.177. Near
Taipo, Hongkong New Territory ; hill near Chaochaufu 3
Canton; Whampoa; Lienchow River. Fl. white, April.

. P. pustulata, Zindl.; Walp. Rep. ii. 57. Near Canton;
Macao. Fl. ——.

. P. melanostigma, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1882, 5. Hill near
Chaochaufu ; along the North River. FI. white, April.

. P. prunifolia, Zindl.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 107.. In the Happy
Valley woods, on Mt. Gough and Mt. Parker, Hongkong ;
Tsingi Island and Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory ;
Lienchow River. Fl. white, April.

. P. serrulata, ZLindl.; Bot. Mag. t. 2105.
Fl. white, April.

. P. variabilis, Hemsl.; P. villosa, DC. Prody.ii. 631. Swatow;

Namwa Monastery, N. Kwangtung; Lienchow River.

Fl. white, April.

Lienchow River.

12.—ERIOBOTRYA.

. E. fragrans, Champ.; Benth Fl. Hongk. 108. Ina ravine of
Mt. Victoria, in the Happy Valley and on Mt. Nicholson,
Hongkong; Lantao Island and on hills opposite Hong-
kong, Hongkong New Territory. FI. white, April.

13.—RAPHIOLEPIS.

. R. indica, Lindi.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 107. Very common in
Hongkong; Lantao Island and hill east of Kowloon
City, Hongkong New Territory; hill near Chaochaufu.
Fl. white or very pale rose, February.

21515 G

i

98

14.-STRANVABESIA.
. 8. Calleryana, Decne. in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Par. x. 179. Around
Canton, Fl. ——.
15._OSTEOMELES.

. 0. subrotunda, C. Koch; Hemsl. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2644
North River. Fl. white, April.

SAXIFRAGACEAE.
Key to genera.
1. Herb... sc sis ie a 4,
Shrub or tree... oats ara See 2.
2. Flowers in simple racemes __... .. 6. Itea.
Flowers in terminal panicles or corymbs 3.
3. Leaves dentate ... et ois aes 5.
Leaves entire ... me oe .. 8, Pileostegia.
4, Flowers irregular wis us w. 1, Saxifraga.
Flowers regular eee ee .. 2, Parnassia,
5. Outer flowers large steril sas .. 5, Hydrangea.
All flowers similar... aes .. 4, Dichroa.
1.—SAXIFRAGA.
1. S. sarmentosa, Linn. f.; DC. Prodr. iv. 43. Shekchilui village

near Chaochaufu. FI. white, April.

2.—PARNASSIA.

. P. Wightiana, Wall.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 402, Lien-

chow River. Fl. white, November.

3.—PILEOSTEGIA.

. P. viburnoides, Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii, 405. On the south-

west slope of Mt. Parker, Hongkong, creeping over
boulders; on Taimoshan in similar places, Hongkong
New Territory; Kwaisin, Hoifung; Lofoushan. Fi.
white, September.

4.—DIOHROA.

. D. febrifuga, Lour.; Benth. Fl, Hongk. 128. In ravines of
Mt. Victoria, Mt. Gough and Mt. Parker, Hongkong |
Taimoshan at 1500 ft., Hongkong New Territory:
Namfom, N. Kwangtung. FI. blue, May.

5.—-HYDRANGEA.

. H. scandens, Maxim. ; H. petiolaris, Sieb. et Zuce.; Bot. sae
t.6788. Foot of Phoenix Mt., Swatow. Fl. white, Apri

99

6 —ITEA.

. I. chinensis, Hook. et Arn.; Benth. Fl, Hongk. 129. In the

Happy Valley woods, on Mt. Gough and other places,
Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory ;
hill near Chaochaufu. FI. white, April.

CRASSULACEAE.
Key to genera.
1. Leaves membranous ... eae a. 4, Penthorum.
Leaves fleshy ... ‘ies bes ine 2.
2. Calyx 4-toothed iv Me ies Peele:

LS)

3.

Sepals distinct ...

. Petals distinct ... es eo i 3. ea

Petals united ... dive sa ..- 2. Kalanchoe.

1—BRYOPHYLLUM.

. B. calycinum, Salisb.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 127. Common in

waste places, Hongkong; at Yit-hai, Swatow; Pakhoi.
Fil. green tinged with reddish-yellow, January.
2.—KALANCHOE.
Key to species.

Leaves ovate, crenate ... one ww. Ll. spathulata.
Leaves laciniate ale ea . 2. daciniata.

. K. spathulata, DC. ; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 414.

Near Hoktsui on the beach, Hongkong; Suheang, nr.
Hongkong on Canton River. Fl. yellow, December.

. K. laciniata, DC.; Clarke 1. c. 415. Cultivated i in Hongkong.

FI. yellow, March.

3.—SEDUM.
Key to species.
. Leaves all verticillate in threes ve L. sarmentosum.
Leaves on flowering shoots scattered... 2.
. Leaves oblong, acute ... se a. 2. chrysastrum.
Leaves obtuse ... ia ae ee 3.
. Leaves linear-oblong ... ae ws» 3, japonicum.
Leaves spathulate . a ae :
. Bracts large, spathulate ati ww. 4 Alfredi.
Bracts wanting... ae ae : 5. drymariotdes,
. §. sarmentosum, Bunge; Maxim. in Mél. Biol. xi. 764.

Growing on the banks of streams on the Phoenix Mt.,
Swatow. Fl. yellow, April.

. 8. chrysastrum, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1870, 6. In hedges near

Chaochaufu ; West River. FI. yellow, April.
8. japonicum, Sieb.; Maxim. in Mél. Biol. xi. 759. At
Kwaisin, Hoifung ; North River. FI. pale yellow, May.

21516 G 2

aS

100

S. Alfredi, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1870, 7. Hill near Chao-
chaufu; North River; Lienchow River ; Soongkong
Island, Canton River. FI. yellow, April. ” :

S. drymarioides, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1865, 379. North

5.

River. Fl]. white, April.
4.—PENTHORUM.

1. P. sedoides, Linn.; DC. Prodr. iii. 414. In soft mud on the
sides of the creeks, Canton; North River. Fl. white,
August.

DROSERACEAE.
1.—DROSERA.
Key to species.
1, Leaves linear, tapering aw w. — L, indica.
Leaves small, obtuse ... ae — 2.
2. Stem leafy a oer tee .. 2, peltata.
Leaves radical ... ae ah die 3.
3. Leaves broad, short, short-petioled ... 3. Burmanni.
Leaves cuneate, long-petioled... we 4, Louretri.

1. D. indica, Zinn.; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii, 424,
At Autau, Hongkong New Territory ; Swatow ; Pakhoi.
Fl. purple, February.

2. D. peltata, Sm.; Clarke 1. c. 424. Abundant on some of the
slopes of the White Cloud hills. Fl. white, April.

3. D. Burmanni, Vahl; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 129. Not uncommon
in Hongkong growing with the next species; Swatow;
Pakhoi. Fl. white, May.

4, D. Loureiri, Hook. et Arn.; Benth. 1. c. 130. Abundant in

swampy ground, Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hongkong
New Territory ; Hoifung. Fl. pink, April.

HAMAMELIDACEAE.
Key to genera.

1. Petals long, coloured ... 2.
Petals squamiform or none 4,
2. Flowers in stalked globular heads 5.
Flowers not in globular heads 3.
3. Flowers in involucrate heads ... ... 5. Rhodoleia,
Flowers in short racemes or naked
heads ues sie ar .. 8, Loropetalum.
4. Flowers enclosed in bottle - shaped
receptacles ... ac sis -» 2, Sycopsis.
Flowers free Su ae 5.
5. Styles subulate ... ee 1. Distylium.
Styles expanded above 4, Eustigma.
6. Leaves palmatilobed 7. Ligquidambar.
Leaves without lobes ... 6. Altingia,

101

1,—DISTYLIUM.

1. D. racemosum, Sieb. et Zucc.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 133. In the
Happy Valley woods and in a ravine on the north-west
slope of Mt. Kellet, Hongkong. FI. red, February.

2.—SYCOPSIS.

1. 8. Tutcheri, Hemsl. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2834. On Victoria
Peak in Mountain Lodge grounds ; Lantao Island, Hong-
kong New Territory. Fl. red, June.

3.—LOROPETALUM.
Key to species.

Leaves 3-6 inches long, glabrous... 1. subcordatum.
Leaves 1-3 inches long, with stellate
hairs aia ae 2. chinense.

1. L. subcordatum, Oliv.; Tetrathyrium subcordatum, Benth. FI.
Hongk. 133. On the Black Mountain, in the Happy
Valley woods above Bowen Road, in the ravine above
Pokfulam reservoir, Hongkong. FI. white, September.

2. L. chinense, R. Br.; Hamamelis chinensis, R. Br.; DC. Prodr.
iv. 269. North Point, Hongkong; Swatow; North
River ; Lienchow River; West River. Fl. white, April.

4.—EUSTIGMA.

1, E. oblongifolium, Gardn. et Champ.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 132.
In the Happy Valley woods, Mt. Gough, Mt. Victoria
and Mt. Kellet, Hongkong. Fl. yellow and black,
February.

5.—RHODOLEIA.

1. R. Championi, Hook.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 131. A few trees in
the Happy Valley woods, abundant on a hill above Little
Hongkong, Hongkong. FI. rose or claret-coloured,
January.

6.—ALTINGIA.

1, A. chinensis, Benth.; Liquidambar chinensis, Champ. ; Benth.
Fl. Hongk. 132. In the Happy Valley woods, Taitam
catchwater and Mt. Kellet, Hongkong; Madnshan,
Hongkong New Territory ; hill near Chaochaufu, Swatow.
FI. brownish, March.

7.—LIQUIDAMBAR.

1. L. formosana, Hance; L. acerifolia, Maxim. in Mél. Biol. vi.
21. Madénshan and near Sanwai, Hongkong New Terri-
tory ; near Chaochaufu ; on hills near Canton. Fl, ——,
March.

102

HALORAGINACEAE.
Key to genera.
. Aquatic herb ... ies ng ee an
Terrestrial plant aii .. 2, Haloragis.
. Leaves simple ... 1. Callitriche.
Leaves pinnate 3. Myriophyllum,
1—CALLITRICHE.
Key to species.
Leaves oblong-spathulate ... we 1, verna.
Leaves ovate ... a ae 2, stagnalis.

. C. verna, Linn. ; Clarke in Hook. £. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 434. In

a marsh on the bank of the Han River, Swatow ; Canton ;
Whampoa. FI. greenish, April.

C. stagnalis, Scop. ; Clarke 1. c. 434. A weed in the Botanic
Gardens, Hongkong. Fl. greenish, May.

2.—HALORAGIS.
Key to species.

Leaves glabrous ave wae we 1, micrantha.
Leaves scabrous ce ve w. «=.2,. tetragyna.
1. H. micrantha, R. Br.; Clarke in Hook, f. FI. Brit. Ind. ii.

430, Hills near Canton. FI. reddish, May.

H. tetragyna, Hook. f.; H. scabra, Benth, Fl. Hongk. 139. In
the Happy Valley and common on grassy slopes, Hong-
ane ; near Lowu, Hongkong New Territory. FI. reddish,

une.

3.—MYRIOPHYLLUM.

. M. spicatum, Zinn.; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 433.

Pond near Swatow. Fl. greenish, ——.

RHIZOPHORACEAE.
Key to genera.
. Valyx 4—6-merous ass me ales 2.
Calyx 8-14-merous_ ... aa w= 3. Carallia,
. Calyx 4- merous — ie v1, Kandelia,
Calyx 5-6-merous... ss «+ «2. Bruguiera.
1.—KANDELIA.

. K. Rheedii, Wight et Arn.; Benth. FI. Hongk. 110. Estuary
at Little Hongkong and at Taitam Tuk, Hon kong ; at

Taipo and near Madnshan, Hongk N tary
Fl. white, August. » Hongkong New Territory.

rar

_

_

bo

103

2.—BRUGUIERA.

. B. gymnorrhiza, Zam.; Hensl. in Hook. f. FI. Brit. Ind. ii.

437, lLantao Island and Castle Peak, Hongkong New
Territory ; at Hoifung. Fl. red, May.

3.—CARALLIA.

. C. integerrima, DC.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 111. In the Little

Hongkong woods, in a ravine east of Wongneichong, near
the Gap from Sheko to Cape d’Aguilar, Hongkong ; at
Hoifung near the sea. FI. pale yellow, November.

COMBRETACEAE.
Key to genera.
. Leaves simple ... wei ie ite 2.
Leaves 3-foliate i ste .. 4 Iiligera. .
. Leaves alternate At ae we = 1, Lumnitzera.
Leaves opposite sie ila as 3.
. Calyx short... ae . Combretum.

oo bo

Calyx very long and tubular ... - Quisqualis.

1.—LUMNITZERA.

. L. racemosa, Willd. ; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 452.

Little Hongkong. FI. white, June.
2.—-COMBRETUM.

. ©, Alfredi, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1871, 131. Lienchow River;

West River. Fl. yellow, July.
3.—QUISQUALIS.

. Q. indica, Zinn.; DC. Prodr. iii. 23. Behind the Buddhist

Temple, Causeway Bay, Hongkong; banks of the West
River. FI. rose or red, Summer. “

4.—ILLIGERA.
Key to species.

. Calyx tube glabrous ... i .. 1. platyandra.
2

Calyx tube hairy : aa oe 4
Calyx tube with spreading red hairs... 2. rhodantha.
Calyx tube densely pubescent... w- 3, parviflora.

I. platyandra, Dunn in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxxviii, 290.
Wongneichong and behind the Buddhist Temple, Causeway
Bay, Hongkong. Fl. reddish, September.

. I, rhodantha, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1883, 321. Hoifung;

Lienchow River; near Solinkun monastery, Lofoushan.
Fl. red, September.

. I. parviflora, Dunn in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxxviii, 296.

Lienchow River; Lofoushan. Fl. reddish?, August.

104

MYRTACEAE.
Key to genera.
1. Leaves subulate iis sii .» J. Baeckea.
Leaves expanded << te ese 2.
2. Leaves penninerved ... on vi 3.
Leaves 3-5-nerved from the base... 3. Khodomyrtus.
3. Calyx splitting irregularly... + 2, Psidium.
Calyx regularly lobed ... mae w. =o, Eugenia.
1—BAECKEA.
1. B. frutescens, Zinn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 118. Very common

in Hongkong ; Lantao Island and near Lowu, Hongkong
New Territory ; Macao. FI. white, Summer.

2.—PSIDIUM.

. P. Guyava, Linn.; Benth. 1.c.120. Very common in Hong-

kong ; hills near Chaochaufu. FI. white, May.

3.—RHODOMYRTUS.

1. R. tomentosa, Hassk.; Benth. 1. c. 120. Very common in
Hongkong ; Lamtsun, Hongkong New Territory ; river
bank near Chaochaufu ; Macao; Pakhoi. Fl. deep rose,
May.

4.—EUGENIA.
Key to species.
1. Pedicels 1-flowered (<.e., flowers stalked) 2.
Pedicels with several sessile flowers,
but the calyx tube sometimes stalk-
like ... wise or alee ~ 5.
2. Calyx more than 1 inch diameter ... 1. Jambosa,
Calyx less than 1 inch diameter he 3.
3. Leaves 5-8 inches long aw wv» 2. operculata.
Leaves less than 3 inches long ee 4,
4, Leaves obtuse ... = asl v8, stnensis.
Leaves acute... wit wie «4. gracilenta.
5. Fruit turbinate... 5. Championi.
Fruit ovate an ena este we 6.
6. Cymes chiefly lateral ... wie ae Ty

. Cymes few-flowered ; leaf-nerves not

Cymes terminal... 8,
very close ... eee

; si ve «6. minutiflora.
Cymes many - flowered ; leaf - nerves

close, parallel we 7. Jambolana.
. Calyx lobes 4; stamens long ... 8. Millettiana.
Calyx lobes 5 ; stamens short... 9. acuminatissima,

. E. Jambosa, Linn. ; Jambosa vulgaris, DC. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk

120. Naturalised in Hongkong ; Ch fa
Moe Linke ie

105

. E. operculata, Roxb.; Duthie in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 498.
Common in watercourses in Hongkong. FI. white, May.
. E. sinensis, Hemsl.; Syzygium buxifolium, Hook. et Arn. ;
Benth. Fl. Hongk. 118. Mt. Victoria, Mt. Kellet, Mt.
Parker and elsewhere, Hongkong; Swatow; Kwaisin,
ponies Macao; Sanning; Lienchow River. FI. white,
une.
. E. gracilenta, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1885, 7.
near Canton oz the North River; Lienchow River.
white, May.
. E. Championi, Hemsi. ; Acmena Championi, Benth. Fl. Hongk.
119. In the Happy Valley woods, Mt. Nicholson, Mt.
Victoria and Taitam Tuk, Hongkong. FI. white,
November.
. E. minutiflora, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1871, 5. In the Happy
Valley woods, Taitam Tuk and Mt. Kellet, Hongkong.
Fl. white, October.
. E. Jambolana, Lam.; Duthie in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 499,
On Kennedy Road, Bowen Road, Repulse Bay and other
places, Hongkong; Plovers’ Cove, Hongkong New Terri-
tory. Fl. white, February to September.
. E. Millettiana, Hemsl.; Syzygium odoratum Hook. et Arn. ;
Benth. Fl. Hongk. 119. In the Happy Valley woods,
Little Hongkong woods and Causeway Bay, Hongkong ;
Lantao Island, Maénshan and Shalotung, Hongkong New
Territory ; Macao; North-west River; Lofoushan. FI.
white, July.
. E. acuminatissima, Kurz ; Duthie in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii.
483. Hongkong without locality. Fl. white, August.

At Saichuson
FL

MELASTOMACEAE.
Key to genera.

. Stamens twice the petals in number ... 2.
Stamens equal to the petals in number 9.

. Leaves penninerved 12. Memecylon.
Leaves palmatinerved ... 3.

. Anthers all similar 4,
Anthers of two kinds ... a 5.

. Calyx hispid or with ciliate scales 1 Osbeckia.
Calyx glabrous .. 6.

. Anthers 8 oe 6.
Anthers 10 or more 8.

. Leaves cuneate at base 4, Barthea.

Leaves cordate at base

. Stems leafy 7. Fordiophyton.
Plant scapigerous a ww. 8. Gymnagathis.
. Flowers umbellate on a common
peduncle... see 2. Otanthera.
Flowers cymose or solitary 3. Melastoma.
. Inflorescence axillary ... aie 6. Blastus.

Inflorescence terminal ...

ey

10.

10.

ll.

i

bo

st

eo NN

106

Shrub ... bs ae ive ... (10, Anplectrum.
Herb — avs wie eee one sie 11.
Stem glabrous ... Se ae .» Ll. Sarcopyramis.
Stem hairy... sae we .. 12, Sonerila.
1.—OSBECKIA.
Key to species.
Calyx densely tomentose ane we Ll. erinita,
Calyx with a few tufts of hairs .» 2. chinensis.
0. crinita, Benth.; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 517,

Lienchow River; North River; Lofoushan. FI. purple
or white, August.

O. chinensis, Zinn. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 114. On grassy slopes
of Mt. Gough, Mt. Parker, and Mt. Victoria, Hongkong ;
Lantao Island, and very abundant near Sheungshui,
Hongkong New Territory; Lienchow River; Pakhoi,
Fl. mauve or white, August.

2.—OTANTHERA.

0. Fordii, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1881, 47. On hill east of
Happy Valley, Hongkong. FI. rose-coloured, July.

3.—MELASTOMA.
Key to species.

Creeping undershrub ... ‘ioe we 1. repens.
Erect herb as sa%e vee ae 2.
Leaves 14 to 2 inches long... we 3. intermedium.
Leaves 3 inches or more long wee 3.
Calyx with closely adpressed scales .... 2. candidum.
Calyx with spreading bristles... we = 4. sanguineum,

M. repens, Desr.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 113. Common on the
summit of hills, Hongkong ; near Lowu, Hongkong New
Territory ; hill near Chaochaufu, Swatow; Lofoushan.
Fl. rose-purple, May.

M. candidum, Don; M. macrocarpon, Don; Benth. 1. c. 113.
Common on the hills, Hongkong ; on hill north of King’s
Park, Kowloon, Hongkong New Territory ; river bank
near Chaochaufu; Macao; Pakhoi; Lofoushan. FI.
rose-purple, July.

. M. intermedium, Dunnin Journ. Linn. Soc. xxxviii. 360.

Lantao Island and Sheklipui, Hongkong New Territory ;
Fl. rose-purple, May.

- M. sanguineum, Sims; M, decemfidum, Roxb.; Benth. 1. c.

114, Very common on the hills, Hongkon ; Lantao
Island, Hongkong New Territory ; Nisa” FI. rose-
purple, May.

107

4.—BARTHEA.

1. B. chinensis, Hook. f.; Dissochaeta Barthet, Hance in Benth.
Fl. Hongk. 115. Mt. Victoria and the north side of
Mt. Cameron, Hongkong; Lantao Island, Taimoshan
and Madénshan, Hongkong New Territory ; top of the
Phoenix Mt., Swatow. Fl. pink, April.

5.—ALLOMORPHIA.

1. A. pauciflora, Benth. ; Oxyspora pauciflora, Benth. Fl. Hongk.
116. Rough grassy slopes, Victoria Peak, Hongkong ;
along the banks of the North River; Lienchow River.
Fl. ——, August.

6.—BLASTUS.

1. B. cochinchinensis, Lour.; Anplectrum parviflorum, Benth. Fl.
Hongk. 116. Inthe Happy Valley woods and at Quarry
Bay, Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hongkong New
Territory ; Swatow ; along the West River; Lotoushan.
Fl. white, March.

7.-—FORDIOPHYTON.

1. F. cantonense, Stapf; Sonerila Fordii, Oliv. in Hook. Ic. Pl.
t. 1457, At Kwaisin, Hoifung; in swampy ground,
Lofoushan. FI. pink, August.

8.—GYMNAGATHIS.

1, G. peperomiaefolia, Stapf; Sonerila peperomiaefolia, Oliv. in

Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1814. On Maénshan, Hongkong New

_ Territory; North River. Fl. white tinged with pink,
February.

9.—SONERILA.
Key to species.

Very slender herb; fruit 3-in. long ... 1. tenera.
Small robust herb ; fruit $-in. long ... 2. cantonensis.

1, 8. tenera, #. Br.; Clarke in Hook. f. FI. Brit. Ind. ii. 530.
Mt. Gough, Hongkong; Hoifung; North River. FI.
rose-purple, September.

2. 8. cantonensis, Stapfin Ann. Bot. vi. 302. Ting-u-shan, West
River. Fl. ——.

10.—ANPLECTRUM.

A species of Anplectrum is recorded from Hoifung. F 1. white
October.

11.—SARCOPYRAMIS.

1. 8. nepalensis, Wall.; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind, ii. 541.
West River. Fl. red, ——.

108

12.—MEMECYLON.
Key to species.

Fruit 5 lines long ; dried leaves green 1. ligustrifolium.
Fruit 3 lines long ; dried leaves blackish 2. nzgrescens.

. M. ligustrifolium Champ.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 117. Common
in the Happy Valley woods, on Mt. Cameron and at
Repulse Bay, Hongkong; Macao. FI. blue, April.

2. M. nigrescens, Hook.; Walp. Rep. ii. 149. In the Happy

Valley woods, Hongkong; Macao. Fl. ——.

LYTHRACEAE.
Key to genera.

. Herb... sor wie nee we 1, Ammannia.
Shrub or tree ... os ie 28 2.

. Inflorescence lateral... vee w. 2. Woodfordia.
Inflorescence terminal ... iw sie 3.

. Calyx 4-partite... Be st ... 3. Lawsonia.
Calyx 6-toothed site are w. 4, Lagerstroemia.

1.—AMMANNIA.

Key to species.

. Aquatic... ar ates ase v1. myriophylloides.
Terrestrial ate are ese sii 2.
. Flowers solitary, axillary or in sessile

spikes wiv ass cise oa 3.
Flowers in whorls, cymes or clusters... 5.
. Leaves round; flowers in terminal
spikes si axe teh ww. 2, rotundifolia.
Flowers axillary .... 4

. peploides.

. pentandra.
. senegalensis.
. baccifera.

. Leaves elliptic, narrowed at the base
Leaves oblong, not narrowed at the base
. Leaves auriculate

Leaves narrow at base

o> Hn Be Oo

. A. myriophylloides, Dunn in Journ. Bot. 1909, 199. In pools
at Kwenping, Hoifung. Fl. rose-coloured, September.

. A. rotundifolia, Ham.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 111. Common in
marshy places, Hongkong; Taimoshan at 1500 ft., Hong-
kong New Territory ; Swatow; in swampy spots near
Canton; Pakhoi. Fl. rose-coloured, January.

. A. peploides, Spreng. ; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 566.
In a swamp in the Happy Valley, Hongkong ; in a paddy
field at Kuntong and near Sanwai, Hong New Territory ;
on the bank of the Han River, Swatow ; around Canton.
Fl. pink, October.

. A, pentandra, Rozb.; Clarke 1. c. 568. Canton; N iver.
Fl. pink, November. pene

109

5. A. senegalensis, Lam.; Clarke |. c. 570. Ina swamp at Kast
Point, Hongkong ; White Cloud hills near Canton. FI.
pink, February.

6. A. baccifera, Linn. ; Clarkel. c. 569. In paddy fields, Lamma
Island, Hongkong New Territory; Canton; Pakhoi;
North River. Fl. pink, January.

_ 2—WOODFORDIA.

’ 1. W. floribunda, Salish. ; Clarke 1.c.572. Atthe Shiuhing Pass,
West River. FL » May.

38.—LAWSONIA.
1, L. inermis, Zinn. ; L. alba, Lam. ; Clarke l.c.573. Pokfulam,

Hongkong ; Maénshan, Hongkong New Territory. FI.
white, June.

4.—LAGERSTROEMIA.
Key to species.

1. Calyx glabrous... : a ae 2.
Calyx tomentose die ies w» 1. Fordit.

2. Calyx 4 inch long ee ot vee = 2. indica,
Calyx + inch long oe iis w. 8, subcostata.

~

. L. Fordii, Koehne in Engl. Pflanzenr. Lythr. 262. Below the
Pokfulam-Aberdeen Road near the sea, on cliffs at Cape
d’ Aguilar and on hills above Repulse Bay, Hongkong ;
Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. white, July.
2. L.indica, Linn.; Benth, Fl. Hongk.113. Atthe Happy Valley
and near the Buddhist Temple, Causeway Bay, Hongkong ;
Macao ; on the banks of the North River. Fl. reddish-
purple, July.
3. L. subcostata, Koehne ; L. microcarpa, Hance in Journ. Bot.
1878, 107. Several trees 40 ft. high in the Little Hong-
kong woods, Hongkong; Lienchow River; Saichusan
near Canton. FI. white, June.

ONAGRACEAE.

Key to genera.

Stamens 8 ... ins iy ae we 1, Ludwigia.
Stamens 4-5 swe eo is oe = - 2. Jussiaea.

1.—LUDWIGIA.

1. L. parviflora, Roxb.; Benth. Fl, Hongk. 109. Hongkong
without locality ; Taimoshan and Three Fathoms Cove,
Hongkong New Territory ; in wet cultivated ground,
Canton. FI. yeliow, September.

110

2.—JUSSIAEA.
Key to species.

Petals 4, yellow as i853 .. 1. suffruticosa.
Petals 5, white ... sits was .. 2, repens.

1. J. suffruticosa, Zinn. ; J. villosa, Lam. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 109.
Without locality Hongkong ; Swatow; Macao; North
River. Fl. yellow, August. =

2. J. repens, Linn.; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 587,
At Kennedy town, Hongkong; banks of pond near
Chaochaufu; Whampoa; Macao; West River. Fl.
white, September.

SAMYDACEAE.
Key to genera.

Flowers fascicled ve pre .» Ll. Casearia.
Flowers racemed wets sii «. 2, Homalium.

1.—CASEARIA.

Key to species.

Leaves rhomboid a és «1. subrhombea.
Leaves oblong ... ee ae . 2. glomerata.

1. C. subrhombea, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1885, 323. At Shuikwan
on the North River. Fl. yellowish, August.

2. C. glomerata, Rorb.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 122. Near the
Buddhist Temple, Causeway Bay and on Mt. Parker,
Hongkong ; in gardens near Chaochaufu, Swatow. FI.
yellowish, December.

2.—HOMALIUM.

1. H. fagifolium, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 122. In the Happy Valley
woods and common in Hongkong; Lantao Island and
Kanghau, Hongkong New Territory ; Hoifung ; Tingushan
on the West River. Fl. white, April and October.

PASSIFLORACEAE.
1.—PASSIFLORA.
Key to species.

Leaves narrow, linear, glabrous we = L. dingulifolia.
Leaves 3-lobed, ovate, hirsute w. «2. foetida.

1. P. lingulifolia, Masters ; P. hainanensis, Hance in Journ. Bot.
1878, 227. Soongkong Island, Canton River; Pakhoi.
Fl. white, March.

2. P. foetida, Linn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 123, On the edge of
the Happy Valley woods, Hongkong; Lantao Island and

Cheungshawan, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. lish-
white, September. ‘ ita eee

on

for)

PE CO DW

roy

2.

oo

. Seeds compressed

111

CUCURBITACEAE.

Key to genera.

. Male calyx-tube contracted above

Male calyx-tube cylindric

1.—TRICHOSANTHES.

Key to species.

Seeds turgid with a central zon

T. Kirilowii, Mazim.; Cogn. in DC. Monog

. Leaves compound 1l. Hemsleya.
Leaves simple ... 2.

. Petals fringed ... 1. Trichosanthes.
Petals entire ae ia ase 3.

. Lower part of male calyx closed with

scale 5. Thiadiantha.

Calyx open aa swe = 4.

. Male eisai short, campanulate ... 6.
Male calyx-tube narrower than long ... 5

: Gymnopetalum.
9

. Actinostemma.

. Petals caudate ... 10
Petals obtuse ina Be ae is

. Stamens inserted below mouth of calyx 8.
Stamens at the calyx mouth ... . «8. Luffa.

. Leaves 3-lobed or flowers subtended by

large boat-shaped bracts ... . 4, Momordica.

Leaves palmatipartite ... ait we =: 9. Melothria.

. Petioles longer than the leaf auricles... 8. Mukia.
Petioles shorter than auricles ... 7. Zehneria,

2.
4

. Leaves scabrid above 1. Kirilowii.
Leaves smooth ... as wae 3.
. Leaves with 3-5 shallow lobes 2. japonica,
Leaves deeply 5-7-lobed 3. cucumerina.
. Bracts lanceolate, moderate sized . 4. himalensis.
Male racemes ebracteate or with
minute bracts 5. cucumeroides.

r. Phan. iii. 370.

On Mt. Kellet, Hongkong; Sanning; North River;

Lofoushan. Fl. white, August.
T. japonica, Regel; Cogn. 1. c. 371.
white, August.

Lienchow River.

Fi.

. T. cucumerina, Linn.; Cogn. 1. c. 357. Customs’ Pass, Hong-
kong New Territory. FI. white, summer.

. T. himalensis, Clarke in Hook. f, Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 608. At
Little Hongkong and near the Buddhist Temple, Causeway
Bay, Hongkong; Yaumati and Lantao Island, Hong-
kong New Territory. Fl. white, August.

. T. cucumeroides, Maxim. ; Bryonia cucumeroides, Ser. in DC,
Prodr. iii. 308. Hongkong without locality. FI. white,
Summer.

112

2.—GYMNOPETALUM.

1. G. cochinchinense, Kurz ; Clarke in Hook. f£. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii.
611. Chinwan, Hongkong New Territory; Hoifung;
near Canton. Fl. white, September.

3.—LUFFA.
. L. acutangula, Roxb. ; Clarke l.c.615. Macao. Fl. yellow, May.

_

4.—MOMORDICA.
Key to species.

Bracts large, embracing the peduncles 1. cochinchinensis.
Bracts small... sd ate ws - 2. Charantia.

1, M. cochinchinensis, Spreng. ; Clarke l.c. 618. Lofoushan. FI.
white tinged with yellow, August.

2. M. Charantia, Zinn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 125. Hongkong
without locality ; Lienchow River. FI]. yellow, August.

5.—THLADIANTHA.
Key to species.

Male racemes minutely bracteate ... -l. nudiflora.
Bracts large, ovate, incised... . 2. calcarata.

. T.nudiflora, Hemsi. Enum. Pl. China, i. 316. Lienchow River.
Fl. yellow, August.
. T.calearata, Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. 126. Kwangtung?
Fl. yellow, April—July.

ray

be

6.—COCCINTIA.

1. C. indica, Wight et Arn.; Cephalandra indica, Naud. ; Clarke
in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 621. Macao. FI. white,

September.

7.—ZEHNERIA.

. Z. umbellata, Thwaites; Karivia umbellata, Arn.; Benth. Fl.
Hongk. 124. Mt. Kellet, Hongkong ; Taimoshan, Hong-

kong New Territory ; Chaochautfu ; Whampoa ; Sanning.
Fl. white, May.

a

8.—MUKIA.

. M. seabrella, Arn.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii, 623. Yit-hai,
near Chaochaufu. Fl. yellow, April.

—

113

9.—MELOTHRIA.
Key to species.

Male calyx half as broad again as long =1. indica,
Male calyx half as long again as broad =_2.. odorata.

. M. indica, Zour. ; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 626.

Hoifung ; Whampoa; Lienchow; North-west River ;
West River. Fl. white, September,

M. odorata, Hook. f. et Thoms.; Aechmandra odorata, Hook.
f. et Thoms. ex Benth. Fl. Hongk. 124. Conduit Road,
Hongkong; West River. Fl. white, October.

10.—ACTINOSTEMMA.

. A. lobatum, Mazxim.; Cogn. in DC. Mongr. Phan. iii. 921.

West River. Fl. ——, August.

11.—HEMSLEYA.

. H. chinensis, Cogn. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1822. On the Yingfa

branch of the North River. FI. yellowish, August.

BEGONIACEAE.

1.—BEGONIA.
Key to species.

1. Capsule 3-winged 2.
Capsule not winged... wate ons 7.

2. Capsule 3-celled sis sa See 3.
Capsule 2-celled se sie 5.

3. Stems leafy... 9.
Leaf 1, radical... 4,

4, Leaves biserrate ‘ aie a. lL. fimbristipula.
Leaves ciliate ... sae iis .. 2. cyclophylla.

5. Leaves equally cordate aes 6.
Leaves obliquely cordate «+ 5, laciniata.

6. Petiole glabrous ies ae - 4, sikkimensis.
Petiole hairy . 3. circumlobata.

7. Wingless capsule with ‘4 small horns... 6. Roxburghii.
Capsule angled only ... as ves 8.

8. Leaves with peltate scales 7. leprosa.

Leaves without scales .. - 8, Bretschneideriana,

9. Leaves hairy ... igs oes wee 9, sinensis.

Leaves glabrous ese . 10. Evansiana.

1. B. fimbristipula, Hance in Jou ourn. Bot, 1883, 202. North
River; North-west River; Tingushan, West River;
Lofoushan. Fl. rose-coloured, May.

2. B. cyclophylla, Hook. f. Bot. Mag. t. 6926. Tingushan, West

River. Fl. rose-coloured, April.

21516 ‘ H

114

3. B. circumlobata, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1883, 203. Lantao
Island, Hongkong New Territory ; Lienchow Hiver near
Sinshi. FI, rose-coloured, August.

4, B. sikkimensis, 4. DC. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1. 349. Lofoushan.
Fl. bright red, August.

5. B. laciniata, Roxb. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 126. North side of
Mt. Victoria, Mt. Gough, North side of Mt. Nicholson,
Mt. Parker and Wongneichong, Hongkong; Lantao
Island, Hongkong New Territory; by streams on the
slopes of the Phoenix Mt., Swatow; Lienchow River ;
Lofoushan. FI. pink, June.

6. B. Roxburghii, A. DC.; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii.
635. Lienchow River; Lofoushan. Fl. white, June.

7. B. leprosa, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1883, 203. Near Samtin on
the Lienchow River. Fl. rose-coloured, August.

8.. B. Bretschneideriana, Hems/. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2635. Ona
bank, Robinson Road, Hongkong; Lienchow River.
FI. pale rose, August.

9. B. sinensis, A. DC. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1. 313. Lienchow
River ; North-west River. FI. rose-coloured, August.

10. B. Evansiana, Andrews in DC. 1. c. 313. Swatow; Lienchow
River. Fl. rose-coloured, August.

CACTACEAE.
1.—OPUNTIA.

1. O. Dillenii, Haw.; DC. Prodr. iti. 472. Naturalised in Hong-
kong and Hongkong New Territory. Fl. yellow, Autumn.

FICOIDEAE.
‘Key to genera.
1. Leavesthin ... 0» w. ae w» 38. Mollugo.
Leaves fleshy ... ‘ ais 2
2. Leaves linear ... | 2. sd we = 2. Sesuvium.
Leaves ovate ... wae ate we 1. Zetragonia,

1.—TETRAGONIA.

1. T. expansa, Murr.; DC. Prodr. iii. 452. Seashore at Cause-
way Bay, Hongkong ; Lantao Island ; fields near Swatow;
Macao. FI. yellow, April.

2.—SESUVIUM.

1. 8. Portulacastrum, Linn. ; Clarke in Hook. £. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii.
659. At Taio, Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory;
Pakhoi on sandy seashores, FI. bright rose, May.

3.—MULLUGO.

1. M. stricta, Linn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 23, Hongkong without
locality ; in cultivated fields, Swatow, Sanning, and Pakhoi ;
North River. Fl. white, August.

*

115

UMBELLIFERAE.
Key to genera.
1. Flowers racemose or capitate ... one 17.
Flowers umbellate —... é 2.
2, Fruit with bristles or toothed lamellae 3.
Fruit without bristles ... Poe wis 4,
3. Leaves palmatifid ce ns - 38. Sanicula,
Leaves bipinnatifid ... ee ww. 16. Torilis.
4. Fruit tomentose ves — .. 9. Phellopterus.
Fruit glabrous ... ais 5.
5, Leaves all palmately nerved and orbi-
cular in outline... «» lL. Hydrocotyle,
Leaves, at least the upper part, pin-
nately divided or linear... oc 6,
6. Leaves parallel-veined, linear or lance-
olate... ees «. 4, Bupleurum.
Leaves pinnately veined or divided ... ts
7. Fruit dorsally pai bial ais Bis 8.
Fruit terete... se oes 9.
8. Leaf segments capillary nee ww. 14. Ferula.
Leaf segments flat... we wes 14.
9. Fruit nearly.smooth ... awe = 10,
Fruit ridged... — ae eek Tl,
10. Leaf segments very narrow... .» 17. Coriandrum,
Leaf segments broad ... — .. 6, Pimpinella.
11. Leaf segments very narrow or ‘capillary 12.
Leaf segments broad ... 13.
12. Plant stout es =< iv «. 8. Foeniculum,
Plant slender ... wae ine we 5, Apium.
13. Umbels sub-sessile ... ees w» 5, Apium.
Umbels stalked : -- 10. Ocenanthe.
14. Fruit little compressed, with 5 wings .. 15.
Fruit with 2 lateral wings, or much
compressed with no wings see 16.
15. Ultimate leaf lobes ovate aor we 11, Pleurospermum.

Ultimate leaf lobes linear ae «= 12. Selinum.
16. Fruit with dark superficial vittae ... 15. Peucedanum.

Fruit with no superficial vittae -. 13. Angelica.
17. Flowers racemose sa its «. 7. Cryptotaenia,
Flowers capitate ets we = 2. Eryngium.

1—HYDROCOTYLE.

Key to species.
1, Primary and secondary ridges of fruit

raised ee «+ 1. asiatica,
Primary ridges only prominent. ais 2.
2. Flower peduncles scapose from rooting
nodes eas ae ssn +. 2. rotundifolia.
Flowering stem leafy ... ie bee 3.

21515 H2

116

. Peduncles clustered at top of stem,

shorter than the petioles ... «. 3, javanica.
Peduncles scattered, often 3 times as
long as the petioles

: ase 4.
. Pedicels very short... sa we = 4. Wilfordi.

Pedicels longer than fruit... .» 5. burmanica.

. H. asiatica, Linn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 134. Very common in

damp situations, Hongkong ; Swatow ; Canton ; Pakhoi.
Fl. white, May.

. H. rotundifolia, Roxd.; Benth. 1. c. 134. A common weed in
Hongkong ; at Yit-hai and Chaochaufu, Swatow ;
Whampoa; Pakhoi. Fl. white, April-June.

. H. javanica, Thunb. ; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 667.

Lienchow River; Lofoushan. FI. white, July.

. H. Wilfordi, Maxim. in Mél, Biol. xii. 463. In swampy

ground at East Point, Hongkong ; Shingmun Pass,
Hongkong New Territory. Fl. white, May.

5. H. burmanica, Kurz; Clarke in Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 668.
Lofoushan at 3100 ft. FI. white, August.

2.—ERYNGIUM.

1. E. foetidum, Zinn. ; DC. Prodr. iv. 94. Waste places about
villages on the banks of the Han River, Swatow. FI.
white, April.

3.—SANICULA.
Key to species.
Fruit winged with lamellae... we 1. lamelligera.
Fruit wingless ... ie we -. 2, orthacantha.

—

nw

. 5. lamelligera, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1878, 11. North River ;

‘ North-west River. Fl. white, July.
. S. orthacantha, S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1875, 227. Streams
on the Phoenix Mt., Swatow. Fl. blue, April.

4.—BUPLEURUM.

. B. faleatum, Linn. ; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 676.
Lienchow River. Fl. yellow, August.
5.—APIUM.
Key to species.
Leaf segments filiform ase -» Ll. leptophyllum.
Leaf segments flat... oe w+ 2. graveolens.

- A. leptophyllum, F. Muell.; Helosciadium leptophyllum, DC.
Prodr. iv. 105. A common weed by the roadsides on
Victoria Peak, Hongkong. Fl. white, May.

. A. graveolens, Linn. ; Clarke in Hock. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 679.
In fields near Chaochaufu. Fl. white, April.

—

_

a

ry

117
6.—PIMPINELLA.

. P. diversifolia, DC.; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 688.
Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory ; White Cloud
hills, Canton ; Tsingyune on the North River ; Lofoushan.
Fl. white, August.

7.—CRYPTOTAENTIA.

. C. canadensis, DC. Prodr. iv. 119. Sichushan near Canton.
Fl. white, April.

8.—FOENICULUM.

. F. vulgare, Gaertn. ; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 695.
On the river bank near Chaochaufu, Swatow. F'. yellow,
April.

9.—PHELLOPTERUS.

. P. littoralis, Benth. in Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. i. 905. At
Sheko, Hongkong; Pakhoi. Fl. white, April.

10.—OENANTHE.
Key to species.

Peduncle shorter than the breadth of

its umbellule wee eae wee 1. benghalensis.
Peduncle usually more than twice as

long as the breadth of itsumbellule 2. stolonifera.

. 0. benghalensis, Benth. et Hook. f.; Clarke in Hook. f. FI.
Brit. Ind. 11. 696. In sandy soil on the bank of a stream
near the Pokfulam Rd., Hongkong ; in fields near Chao-
chaufu; Pakhoi. Fl. white, March.

2. 0. stolonifera, DC.; Clarke, 1. c. 696. Borders of rice fields

near Canton. Fl. white, May.

11.--PLEUROSPERMUM.

. P.dentatum, Benth.; Clarke l.c. 704, Hill near Chaochautfu ;
Kwaisin, Hoifung; Lofoushan. Fl. white, April-
September.

12.—SELINUM.

. 8 Monnieri, Linn.; Seseli daucifolium, Clarke 1. c. 693.
Macao; West River. Fl. white, May.

13.—ANGELICA.

. A. citriodora, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1871, 131. White Cloud
hills, Canton. Fl. white, October.

14.—FERULA.

. F.marathrophylla, Walp. Rep. v. 877. Capsuimun, Hongkong
New Territory. Fl. yellow, ——.

118

15.—PEUCEDANUM.
Key to species.

Leaf segments finely and regularly

serrate, decurrent ... ee we 1. decursivum.
Leaf segments irregularly incise-serrate,

hardly decurrent ... aK .. 2, terebinthaceum.

1, P. decursivum, Mazim. in Mél. Biol. xii, 472. Lantao Island,
Hongkong New Territory; North River? FI. white,

October.
2. P. terebinthaceum, Fisch.; Ledeb. Fl. Ross. ii. 314. Lienchow

River. Fl. white, August.

16.—TORILIS.

1. T. Anthriscus, Gmel.; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 718.
Margins of rice fields and waste ground near Canton;
West River. Fl. white, May.

17.—CORIANDRUM.

1. C. sativum, Zinn.; Hook. f£. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 717. Casual in
Hongkong? Fl. white, ——.

ARALIACEAE,

Key to genera.

1. Leaves simple ... we ate
Leaves digitate or bipinnate ...
2. Leaves digitate...
Leaves bipinnate

or go BO

3. Leaflets 3-5 ; thorny shrub 2. Acanthopanaz.
Leaflets 7 or more ; unarmed tree 3. Heptapleurum.

4, Climber ... 6. Hedera.
Tree... aise 4. Dendropanax.

5. Leaflets glabrous 5. Heteropanaz.
Leaflets downy or spiny l. Aralia.

1.—ARALIA.
Key to species.

Fruit nearly sessile sxe . 1. dasyphylla.
Fruit much shorter than pedicel ws 2, spinosa,

1. A. dasyphylla, Mg. in Ann, Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. i. 9. At
Taipo, Hongkong New Territory; Kwaisin, Hoifung ;
Lofoushan. FI. white, September.

2. A. spinosa, Linn. ; A. chinensis, Linn. ; Benth. Fl, Hongk. 135.
In the Happy Valley woods and on Mt. Gough, Hong-
kong 3 at pa Hongkong New Territory ; near Yit-

hai village, Han River; Macao. FI. white, September.

iy

bo

os

119

2.-ACANTHOPANAX.
Key to species.

. Umbels terminal on the main branches ;

petiole prickly ; leaflets usually 3,
smooth above ale = tee
Umbels terminal on short lateral shoots
or lateral ; petiole scarcely prickly ;
leaflets usually 5... 2.

1. aculeatum.

. Umbels terminal on short lateral shoots;

leaflets scabrous above... we 2. nodiflorum.
Umbels lateral ; leaflets smooth above 3. spinosum.
a

. A. aculeatum, Seem. ; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 726.

Hillside on southwest of Happy Valley, Hongkong ;
Lantao Island and Plovers’ Cove, Hongkong New
Territory ; Swatow; in thickets near Canton; Macao ;
Sanning ; Lienchow River. FI. white, August.

. A. nodiflorum, Dunn in Journ. Bot. 1909, 199. Lienchow

River. FI. white, August.

. A. spinosum, Mig.; Aralia pentaphylla, Thunb. ; DC. Prodr.

iv. 259. Hill near Chaochaufu. FI. white, April.

3.—HEPTAPLEURUM.
Key to species.

Leaves glabrous beneath ae .» 1. octophyllum.
Leaves tomentose beneath ... wv. 2, impressum.

. H. octophyllum, Hance.; Paratropia cantoniensis, Hook. et.

Arn. ; Benth. Fi. Honk. 136. Common in Hongkong ; at
Tin-tso-ngam, Hongkong New Territory ; hill near Chao-
chaufu; Macao. FI. white, November.

. H. impressum, Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 728. At

Kwaisin, Hoifung. FI. white, September.

4.—DENDROPANAX.
Key to species.

. Fruit elliptic, ribbed ; leaves reticulate 1. japonicum.

Fruit globose ; leaves not reticulate ...

. Leaves all entire, 3-nerved; flowers
under 1 line long ... a «+ 2, parviflorum,
Some leaves trilobed ; flowers 14 lines ;
long... ns ws wie .. 3. proteum,

. D. japonicum, Seem.; Clarke 1. c. 733. Kwaisin, Hoifung ;

Lofoushan. FI, white, August.

. D. parviflorum, Benth. Fl. Honk. 137. Mt. Nicholson, Mt.

Gough and Pokfulam, Hongkong. FI. white, August.

. D. proteum, Benth. |. c. 136. In the Happy Valley woods, Mt.

Gough and Mt. Victoria, Hongkong; Lantao Island at
1000 ft., Hongkong New Territory; Green Island,
Macao. FI. white, Rostentes

120

5.-HETEROPANAX.

. H. fragrans, Seem.; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ui. 734

In a mandarin’s garden, Canton. FI. white, August.

6.—HEDERA.

. H. Helix, Linn. ; Clarke l. c. 739. On the top of the Phoenix

Mt., Swatow. Fl. green, October.

CORNACEAE.
Key to.genera.

. Petals long and narrow ous diss 2.
Petals short... sist sa sels 3.

. Stamens numerous Sis so w. 2. Marlea.
Stamens 4 ‘ets sy ‘iis .. 1, Alangium.
Flowers bisexual are a8 .. «= 3. Cornus.
Flowers unisexual at es .. 4 Aucuba.

1—ALANGIUM.
A. Lamarckii, Thwaites ; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 11

741. Hongkong without locality. Fl. greenish, April.

2.—MARLEA.

M. begoniaefolia, Roxzd.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 138. In the
Happy Valley woods and at East Point, Hongkong
Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory; Swatow
Lienchow River. Fl. cream-coloured, May.

3.—CORNUS.
Key to species.
. Flowers in heads es aes w. 1. hongkongensis.
Flowers in corymbs dis os 2.
. Leaves narrow-oblong, acute ... we = 2. paucinervis.
Leaves ovate, obtuse ... fe .. 38, Fordii.

. C. hongkongensis, Hemsl.; Benthamia japonica, Benth. F)

Hongk. 138. Rare in the Happy Valley woods, one tre:
on the northern face of Mt. Parker and one tree on Mt
Kellet, Hongkong ; on Lantao Peak at 1300 ft., Hong
kong New Territory. Fl. white, April.

. C. paucinervis, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1881, 216. West River

Fl. white, May.

. C. Fordii, Hemsi. in Kew Bull. 1909, 334. Lienchow River

Fi. ;

4.—AUCUBA.

. A. chinensis, Benth, Fl. Hongk. 138. In the Happy Valle

woods, very rare, Hongkong. Fl. green, February.

aN

121

CAPRIFOLIACEAE.
Key to genera.

. Leaves pinnate ... aie ee .. 1. Sambucus.
Leaves simple ... am wa ia 2.

. Corolla rotate ... = wi w. 2, Viburnum.
Corolla tubular or campanulate sine 3.

. Fruit dry with a persistent calyx... 3. Abelia.
Fruit a berry ... sve vee ... 4 Lonicera,

1—SAMBUCUS.

. S. javanica, Blume ; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iii. 2. On
a bank between Upper and Lower Albert Roads, Hong-
kong ; at Malautong, Hongkong New Territory ; Swatow ;
common on brick rubbish, Canton. Fl. white, September.

2.—VIBURNUM.
Key to species.

. Veins of leaves running direct into teeth 2.
Veins of leaves anastomosing at margin 5.
. Inflorescence tomentose, ray flowers

wanting... i vs ae 3.
Inflorescence thinly hairy, corymb
rayed wie ave ise w= 4. Hanceanum.
. Petiole stipulate ate ite we = 1. erosum.
Petiole exstipulate ... 4,
. Leaves glabrous above 2. Fordiae.
Leaves pubescent above 3. hirtulum.

5. Basal veins ascending more than three-
quarters of leaf... ae oss
Veins not reachiny beyond middle of
leaf... aes is aie ia 6.
. Flowers paniculate ... ae «+ 6, odoratissimum.
F lowers corymbose 7. lutescens.

. V. erosum, Thunb.; DC. Prodr. iv. 327. Hills near
Chaochaufu. FI. white, April.

. V. Fordiae, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1883, 321. Lantao Island,
Hongkong New Territory; on the bank of a stream at
Chaochautu, Swatow; Tingushan on the West River ;
Lofoushan at 400 ft. Fl. white, April.

5. sempervirens.

bo

i

V. hirtulum, Rehd.in Sarg. Trees and Shrubs, ii. 115. North
River. FI. white, November.
. V. Hanceanum, Mazim. in Mél. Biol. x. 662. Swatow; in a

shrubby ravine below the monastery, White Cloud hills,
Canton. FI. white, March.

. V. sempervirens, C. Koch; V. venulosum, Benth. Fl. Hongk.
142, On Mt. Gough and Mt. Victoria, Hongkong ;
Lantao Island, Maénshan and Hahang, Hongkong New
Territory ; near Phoenix Mt., Swatow ; on the Lanfa Mt.,
Hoifung ; Macao. Fl. white, May.

wl

~_

bo

122

. V. odoratissimun, Ker; Benth. 1. c. 143. At Chaiwan, on
Mt. Parker and near Taitam Tuk, Hongkong; on the
river bank near Swatow. FI. cream-coloured, April.

. V. lutescens, Blume; DC. Prodr. iv. 325. Lienchow River.
Fl. white, March.

3.—ABELIA.

. A. chinensis, R. Br.; DC. Prodr. iv. 339. Ona hill above
voad leading from Repulse Bay to Stanley, Hongkong ;
Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory; Lienchow
River ; North River. FI. white, October.

4.—LONICERA.
Key to species.

. Branches with long spreading hairs ;
leaves acuminate; flowers 2-23
inches long oe sas «1, macrantha.
Branches glabrous or shortiy pubescent 2.
. Ovary pubescent ae i est 3.

Ovary glabrous... ane bey wee 4,
. Inflorescence and under side of leaves
tomentose ... was oe sa 2. reticulata,
Inflorescence and under side of leaves
pubescent or thinly hairy ... .. 3. confusa.
. Leaves abruptly narrowed at the base 4. longiflora.
Leaves rounded at the base Pee 5.
. Bracts subulate... awe ae 6.
Bracts foliaceous ie aie -» 6. japonica,
. Leaves acuminate ies sits .. «5 affinis.
Leaves acute or obtuse see wae 2. reticulata.

. L. macrantha, DC.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 143. Very common
in various parts of Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong
New Territory. Fl. white changing to yellow, March.

. L reticulata, Champ.; Benth. 1.c. 144. At Taitam Tuk and
on the tops of hills, Hongkong ; Taimoshan, Hongkong
New Territory ; hill near Chaochaufu. Fl. white changing
to yellow, July.

. L. confusa, DC.; L. multiflora, Champ.; Benth. 1. c. 144.
Hongkong without locality ; Lantao Island and uplands
near Hahang, Hongkong New Territory ; Lienchow
River ; Lofoushan. Fl. white changing to yellow, May.

. L. longiflora, DC.; Benth. 1.c. 143. In the Happy Valley
and on Mt. Victoria, Hongkong. Fl, white changing to
yellow, May.

. L, affinis, Hook, et Arn, ; Maxim. in Mél. Biol. x. 58. On the
bank of the Han River, Swatow. FI. white changing to
yellow, April.

L. japonica, Thunb. ; L. chinensis, Wats. ; DC. Prodr. iv. 333.
At the side of Conduit Road between Castle Road and
Piatien Road, Hongkong. FI. white changing to yellow.

pril.

11 14, Webera (p. 130).
Inflorescences chiefly axillary ... 15. Randia (p. 131).
12. Flowers in many-flowered terminal
cymes, corolla tube over 1-inch
long .. ise 13.
Flowers small or few together ite 14.
13. Stigmas recurved eee 20. Lvora (p. 132).
Stigmas erect, connivent... 21, Pavetia (p. 132).
14, Thorny shrub 24, Damnacanthus (p.
133),
Unarmed . 15.
15. Tall twining ‘shrub | 29. Paederia (p. 134).
Erect or creeping.. 16.
16. Stipules bristly 31. Serissa ©. 134),
Stipules without bristles ..
17. Flowers involucrate 30. Pisoni (p. 134).
Flowers without an involucre 18.
18, Flowers axillary .. 19,
Flowers terminal .. we 21,
19. Flowers in close fascicles . 28, Lasianthus (p. 133).
Flowers in stalked or loose inflor-
escences oe 20.
20. Flowers in small stalked cymes .. 18. Antirrhoea (p. 132).
Flowers in loose axillary cymes... 22. Canthium (p. 132),

. Calyx lobes

123

RUBIACEAE.
Key to genera.

. Shrub or tree

Herb, sometimes woody ‘at base

Flowers in stalked heads ..

Flowers not in stalked heads

Ovules many to the cell .

Ovules solitary in each cell

Fruit a berry or drupe

Fruit a dry capsule or nut
Flowers solitary, axillary

Flowers in terminal panicles or

cymes ..

. Flowers in a terminal panicle me oC

Flowers in terminal corymbose

cymes ...

enlarged
Calyx lobes uniform

lobes 6 or more

of outer flowers

. Flowers large, solitary, corolla

Lobes of corolla and calyx 5

clusters awa

. Flowers small, in dense axillary
we. 1%.

Flowers in panicles or cymes

. Bark white, corky, thick

Bark thin, brownish

. Inflorescences all terminal

12.
7.
5.

. Thysanospermum (p.

125).

7.
Wendlandia (p. 125).

. Dunnia (p. 125).
. Mussaenda (p. 129).
8.

. Gardenia (p. 131):
9.

sa (p. 132).

. ee (p. 130).
11.

29.

30.

31.

bo

oo

124

. Corolla tube slender, curved ... 26. Chasalia (p. 133).
Corolla tube short, straight ... 25. Psychotria (p. 133).

. Stipules hooked ... wie ... 8. Uncaria (p. 125).
Stipules straight ... di or 23.

. Fruits separate, dry, capitate ... 2. Adina (P. 124).
Fruits coherent ove see

. Tree is ise ils aphetan is (p. 124
Diffuse or climbing shrub ve 23, Sioa P- 133).

. Leaves verticillate ats
Leaves opposite ... Ree a7,

. Leaves linear, not cordate .» 34. Galium (p. 135).
Leaves cordate, lanceolate .» 33. Rubia (p. 135).

. Stem creeping, withreniformleaves 27. Geophila (p. 133).
28.

Leaves not reniform

. Small diffuse herb, with val ao

tary axillary flowers .. 7. Denteila (p. 125).
Flowers not small, solitary and

axillary on 29.
Fruit obcordate, compressed, much

wider than long a ll. Ophiorrhiza (p. 129)
Fruit cylindric or ovate, much

longer than wide ss 30.
Capsule loculicidal between distant

calyx teeth ... 31.

Capsule septicidal between contigu-

ous calyx teeth or indehiscent 8. Hedyotis, etc. (p. 125
Seeds minute, angular... we 9. Oldenlandia (p. 128)
Seeds globose, concave ... .»» 10. Anotis (p. 128).

1.—_CEPHALANTHODUS.

. C. occidentalis, Linn. ; C. naucleoides, DC.; Hook. f. Fl. Bri

Ind. iii, 24. On the bank of a stream near Sanwai, Hon;
kong New Territory ; Hoifung ; North-west River. F
white, August to October.

2.—ADINA.

Key to species.
. Heads racemose ... rae «» Ll. racemosa.
Heads solitary... oe 2,

. Heads axillary ; leaves cuneate acu-

minate . wa w» 2, globifiora.
Heads terminal ; leaves ovate acute 3. rubella.

- A. racemosa, Mig.; Maxim. in Mél. Biol. ix. 270. Liencho
River. FI. yellowish, August.
. A. globiflora, Salish. ; Benth. BL Hongk. 146. Common on tk
sides of streams, Hongkong ; on the Lanfa Mt., Hoifung
Sanning ; Lienchow River ; Lofoushan. FI. white, Jul:

. A. rubella, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1868, 114. Swatow; Lier

chow, North and West Rivers. Fi. very pale rose, July

125
3.—UNCARIA.

. U. hirsuta, Haviland in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxxiii, 88. In a
ravine south of Sheko Gap, Hongkong 5 Lantao Island,
Hongkong New Territory. Fl. white, April.

—

4.—DUNNIA.
1. D. sinensis, Tutcher in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxxvii. 70, Sanning.
Fl, ——.
5.—THYSANOSPERMUM.
1, T. diffusum, Champ.; Benth. FJ. Hongk. 146. Abundant on

Mt. Victoria, on Mt. Kellet, Mt. Nicholson, and at Taitam
Tuk, Hongkong; hills near Chaouchaufu. FI. white,
June.

6.—WENDLANDIA.

. W. paniculata, DC.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iii, 39. Along
the West River; west of Canton. FI. white, March.

—

7.—DENTELLA.

. D. repens, Forst.; Hook. f£. 1. c. 42. Around Canton. FI.
white, March.

—_

8.—HEDYOTIS.
Key to species of the genera Hedyotis,
Anotis (No. 10), Knozia (No. 19), and Spermacoce (No. 32).

1. Corolla lobes short, ovate or oblong 2.
Corolla divided nearly to base,

lobes linear 21.
2. Inflorescence terminal... wee 3.
Inflorescence axillary, or leaves
subulate sist saa wee 13.
3. Heads dense wae a sci 4,
Cymes paniculate... 28 ae 6.
4, Calyx teeth oblong we as 8.
Calyx teeth deltoid l. H. capituligera,
5. Leaves glabrous ... ves we 2, El. uncinella.
Leaves scabrous above, pubescent
beneath eae ee -. 3. HL. xanthochroa,
6. Shrub aa es we «. 4, H. lancea.
Herb, sometimes woody at base... 10,
7. Branches nearly round ... ate 9.
Branches square ... is sig 11.
8. Stem 4-winged ... ous oes 5.
Stem terete ae aa awe 24,
9. Inflorescence little exserted, pedun-
cles short ia: 6. Hl. Vachellii,

Inflorescence much exserted,pedun-
cles long ea sis se 22,

10.
11.

12.

13.

14,

15.

16.

17,

18.

19.

20.

21.

22,

126

Stipules entire... = ze

Stipules fringed ... pe

Stipules and ie small, linear.

Stipules triangular 2

Calyx teeth ovate; flowers white

Calyx teeth lanceolate; flowers
purple... r :

Cymes pedunculate

Cymes sessile...

Cymes condensed, head- like

Cymes expanded ...
Stipules fringed
Stipules toothed ...

Leaves l-nerved ...

Leaves many - nerved ;
many, crowded

Stems square

Stems round

Leaves narrow; fascicles. many-
flowered, dense

Leaves narrow; fascicles tay
flowered wee =

Flowers 1 line long awe

flowers

Flowers 3-4 lines long
Leaves round, apiculate ; whorls
2-6-flowered ... ee

Leaves acuminate; whorls many-
flowered

Broad-leaved shrub ; - calyx teeth
ovate erect ...

Broad-leaved herb ;
recurved

Fruit oblong or ovoid

Fruit globular

calyx teeth

. Flowers ee in spreading

cymes ..

Flowers subsessile, crowded

. Flowers 1 inch long

Flowers less than } inch long

. Fruit oblong

Fruit ovoid

. Leaves stalked, anand henvaith..

Leaves sessile, glabrous beneath...

H, capituligera, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1879, 12.

Fl. white, July.

9.

10.

11.

12.

19.
16.

. Anotis

. Anotis

7.
23.

. A. Parryt.

12.
A. acutangula.

AZ, consanguinea.
14,
15.
boerhaaviodes
(p. 128).
HI, loganioides.
16.

. Anotis chrysotricha (p.

128).
17.

A, hispida.
19.

. H. tenellifiora.
. Spermacoce stricta (p.

135).

. A. pintfolia.

. Spermacoce hispida (p.

135).
26.
Hi. bracteosa.

HT, macrostemon.
25.

Hf, effusa.

Thwaitesiana
(p. 128).

. Knoxia corymbosa (p.

132).

. HI. pulcherrima,
. Anotis boerhaavioides

(p. 128).

. H. Matthewiz.
. A, tenuipes.
. A. auriculata,
. Spermacoce

semi-
erecta (p. 135).

North River.

10. H

11. H

12.

127

H. uncinella, Hook. et Arn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 149.
Shaukiwan, Mt. Parker and Stanley, Hongkong ; near
Temple, Fautimun, Hongkong New Territory ; White
Cloud hills, Canton ; Pakhoi. F1. white, July.

H. xanthochroa, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1885, 324. Lofoushan
at 3400 ft. FI. blue, August.

H. lancea, Thunb. ex Maxim. in Mél Biol. xi. 780. Near
Santan village, Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory ;
Macao. Fl. white, June.

. H. pulcherrima, Dunn sp. n. a speciebus vicinis florum magni-

tudine distincta.

Herba floribunda perennis, basi sublignosa. Folia ovata, apice
breviter acuta vel obtusa, basi rotundata, 2°6-5 cm. longa,
integra, margine revoluta, chartacea, costis cum caulibus
supremis dense scabro-puberulis, aliter glabra, venis
utrinque 3-4 adscendentibus; petioli 4-6 mm. longi.
Flores in fasciculos terminales dispositi. Calyx 5 mm.
longus, lobis lanceolatis tubum superantibus. Corolla
infundibuliformis, 1°6 cm. longa, 8 mm. lata, ceerulea, lobis
4-6 mm. longis patentibus intus pubescentibus. Stamina
fauce corollae inserta, inclusa, antheris oblongis. Stylus
filiformis, tubo corollae paullo brevior, stigmate 2-fido,
lobis recurvis. Capsula crustacea per totam longitudinem
septicide dehiscens.

A beautiful perennial growing in clefts of rocks near the
summit of the Phoenix Mountain and bearing in April
masses of large blue flowers, at 5-6000 ft. Dunn’s Han
Expedition, Herb. Hongk. n. 6018.

H. Vachellii, Hook. et Arn. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 148. On Mt.
Nicholson, Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong New
Territory ; White Cloud hills, Canton ; Macao. Fl. white,
May.

H, effusa, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1879, 11. Sanning ; North-
west River ; in woods above the Temple of Tingushan on
the West River. Fl. white, August.

. H. Parryi, Hance; Maxim. in Mél Biol. xi. 783. Swatow ;

Poklo, Kast River ; on the top of low hills near Canton ;
Pakhoi. Fl. pink, September.

. H. acutangula, Champ.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 148. Common on

Mt. Victoria and elsewhere, Hongkong ; Lantao Island,
Hongkong New Territory; Kwaisin, Hoifung. FI.
purplish white, June.

. consanguinea, Hance; Maxim in Mél Biol. xi. 782,
Whampoa. FI. purple, May.

. loganioides, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 149. In the Happy Valley
woods, on Mt. Gough and in a wood above Little Hong-
kong, Hongkong ; Kwaisin, Hoifung ; Macao. FI. white,

une.

H. hispida, Retz. ; Oldenlandia hispida, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 150.
Mt. Davis near the sea, Deepwater Bay and Repulse Bay,
Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory ;
tei ; Lanfa Mt. Hoifung. Fi. light purple,

une.

13.

14,

15.

16.

H.

H.

17. H

18.
19.

~

bo

128

tenelliflora, Blume; Oldenlandia angustifolia, Benth. FI.
Hongk. 151. On the Peak Road, Hongkong ; Macao ;
Lofoushan. FI. white, June.

pinifolia, Wall.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iii. 60. At Little
Hongkong, Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong New
Territory ; on the bank of the River Han, Swatow ; hills
near Canton; Macao. FI. white August.

. auricularia, Linn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 150. Hongkong

without locality ; paddy fields near Chaochaufu; White
Cloud hills, Canton ; Whampoa ; North River ; Tingushan
on the West River; Lofoushan. FI. pink, April—June.

. macrostemon, Hook. et Arn.; H.recurva, Benth, Fl]. Hongk.

148. Common in ravines climbing over shrubs, Hong-
kong ; Lantao Island, Taimoshan at 1500 ft., near Hahang
and at Lowu, Hongkong New Territory; Lanfa Mt.
Hoifung; Macao; Lofoushan. Fl. white, September—
November.

. Matthewii, Dunn in Journ. Bot. 1909, 376. Lienchow

River. Fl. white, November.

H. tenuipes, Hemsl. Enum. Pl. China. i. 375. At Yit-hai,

Swatow ; North River; Lofoushan. FI. pink, September.

H. bracteosa, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1885, 323. At Mirs Bay

and at Ukautin, Hongkong New Territory ; Lofoushan.
Fl. green, June and December.

9.—OLDENLANDIA.
Key to species.

Leaves elliptic ... me sin wa 2.
Leaves linear ... ie sa ce 3.
Calyx tube winged, produced above

alata.

capsule... :

Calyx tube angled, equal to capsule... 2. paniculata.
3.

. Pedicels much longer than fruit

corymbosa.

Pedicels equal to fruit... oe -. 4, diffusa.

. O. alata, Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iii. 70. Wet rocks at

Tingushan on the West River. Fl. white, June.

. 0, paniculata, Linn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 152. Pokfulam,

Hongkong ; dry bank near Yit-hai, Swatow. Fl. white,
April.

3. 0. corymbosa, Linn.; O. herbacea, DC.; Benth. 1. c. 15).

Causeway Bay and Mt. Parker, Hongkong; Swatow ;
Hoifung; Pakhoi, Fl. white, June to September.

4. 0. diffusa, Roxb. ; O. herbacea, var. a. uniflora, Benth. ].c. 151.

In waste places, Hongkong ; on the bank of paddy fields
near Yit-hai, Swatow ; Pakhoi. FJ. white, April.

10.—ANOTIS.
For key see Hedyotis (p. 125).

1, A. boerhaavioides, Maxim. ; Hedyotis boerhaavioides, Hance in

Journ, Bot. 1870, 73. Rocky torrent beds, Kowloon

129

catchwater, Hongkong New Territory; in the Sheung-
kintai ravine of the White Cloud hills, Canton ; Sanning.
FI. white, September.

2. A. chrysotricha, Palibin in Bull. Herb. Boiss. sér. 2, vi. 20.
Banks of Han River; North-west River. Fl. white or
mauve, May. :

3. A. Thwaitesiana, Mazim.; Hedyotis Thwaitesiana, Hance in
Journ. Bot. 1868, 298. At the Shiuhing Pass, West
River. FI]. white, February.

11.—OPHIORRHIZA.
Key to species.
1, Flowers 3 lines long... a .. 1. pumila.
Flowers 6-8 lines long... in oe 2.

2. Leaves obtuse at base ... i .. 2. japonica.

Leaves acuminate at base ate .» 3, cantonensis.

. 0. pumila, Champ.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 147. In ravines of

Mt. Victoria and Mt. Gough and at Wongneichong,
Hongkong; Lantao Island at 1400 ft. among stones
under scrub ; Lofoushan. Fl. white, May.

2. 0. japonica, Blume; O. Eyrei, Champ.; Benth. Fl. Hongk.
147. Mt. Parker, and in moist ravines, Hongkong ;
Lantao Island and Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory ;
on the slopes of the Phoenix Mt., Swatow. FI. white,
March.

3. O. cantonensis, Hance in Ann. Sc. Nat. 4me série, xviii. 222.
Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory; Swatow; Lien-
chow River; Tingushan on the West River. Fl. white,
February.

12.—MUSSAENDA.
Key to species.
1. Calyx teeth much longer than tube ... 1. frondosa.
Calyx teeth not longer than tube 2.
2. Whole plant pubescent nei oo =. 2, pubescens.
Whole plant nearly glabrous; calyx
teeth very short ize ae 3.
3. Leaves narrow at base ave .- 3, glabra,
Leaves ovate ... aint sine we 4 erosa.

1, M. frondosa, Zinn. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iii, 89. West
River. Fl, yellow, May.

2. M. pubescens, Ait. f.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 153. Very common
in Hongkong; Swatow; Macao; West River. FI.

‘ yellow, May.

- M. glabra, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. 264 non Vahl.

Hillside near Yit-hai, Swatow; Lienchow River. FI.
yellow, May.

21515 I

130

4. M. erosa, Champ. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 153. In ravines of Mt.
Victoria and in the Happy Valley woods, Hongkong; at
Taipo, Hongkong New Territory ; on hill near Chaochaufu,
Swatow ; Lienchow River ; Tingushan on the West River.
Fi. yellow, April.

13.—ADENOSACME.

Key to species.

Leaves coriaceous ; stipules very short 1. coriacea.
Leaves membranous; stipules long, folia-
ceous _ cas sia we 2, longifolia.

1. A. coriacea, Dunn sp. n. a ceteris generis speciebus foliis
coriaceis distincta.

Frutex 1-2 m. altus, ramis nodosis, cortice albido nitente. Folia
lanceolata, ad apicem obtusum et in petiolum brevem
gradatim angustata, 6-10 cm. longa, integra, coriacea,
glabra, venis 8—11-paribus, petiolo 2-4 mm. longo ; stipulae
late triangulares, 4 mm. longae, primo ciliolatae. Panicula
praeter corollas glabra, terminalis, siccitate nigrescens,
ante anthesin rubra, 5-7 cm. longa. Flores 13 mm. longi,
minute bracteati; pedicelli 2 mm. longi, graciles. Calyx
4 mm. longus, dentibus anguste triangularibus tubo aequi-
longis. Corolla alba, cylindrica, 10 mm. longa, 2 mm. lata,
praeter annulum staminalem pubescentem glabra ; segmenta
5, aestivatione valvata, tandem erecto-patentia, 2 mm. longa.
Stamina 5, in tubo corollae medio subsessilia. Ovarium
biloculare, placentis axillaribus multi-ovulatis. Fructus
baccatus ; semina reticulata.

On the lower hills round Chaochaufu in flower in April and at
the top of the Phoenix Mountain in bud at about the same
date. Dunn’s Han Expedition, Hongkong Herb. n. 6210,

2. A. longifolia, Wall.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 95. Lienchow
River ; Lofoushan. FI. yellow, August.

14.—WEBERA.

Leaves, stems and corymbs glabrous... 1. attenuata.
Leaves, stems and corymbs softly

pubescent 2. mollissima.

1. W. attenuata, Hook. 7; Stylocoryne IV ebera, A. Rich. ; Benth.
Fl. Hongk. 156. In the Happy Valley woods, Cape
d’Aguilar and Aberdeen New Road, Hongkong. FI.
white, May.

2. W. mollissima, Benth. ; Stylocoryne mollissima, Benth. 1. ¢. 156.
In the Happy Valley woods, on Mt. Victoria, near the
Buddhist Temple, Causeway Bay, wood above Deepwater
Bay and at Taitam Tuk, Hongkong; on Madénshan,
Hongkong New Territory. Fl. white, May.

131
15.—RANDIA.

Key to species.

1, Calyx limb 5-fid ; shrub usually thorny 2.
Calyx teeth short ; unarmed shrub ... 4,

2. Corolla tube shorter than limb w 1. dumetorum.
Corolla tube slender, longer than limb ;

calyx teeth acuminate... avs 3.

3. Calyx hispid... ae we 2 sinensis.
Calyx glabrous ... ni new .. 3. accedens,

4. Fascicles few-flowered ... ie 6.

Cymes bi-trichotomous with very short

pedicels ; corolla tube much shorter
than lobes ... : sae 5

5. Corolla tube pubescent outside 4, densiflora,
Corolla tube glabrous outside 5. acutidens.

6. Pedicels very short 6. leucocarpa,
Pedicels elongated 7. canthioides.

1. R.

dumetorum, Lam.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 154. In the Happy
Valley and at Little Hongkong, Hongkong; at Hahang,
Hongkong New Territory ; French Island, Whampoa ;
Tai-iushan, Samshui. Fl. white, April.

. sinensis, Roem. et Schult.; Benth. 1. ec. 155. Hongkong

without locality; Lantao Island and Lamma Island,
Hongkong New Territory; in the neighbourhood of
Canton. Fl. white, April.

. accedens, Hance; Maxim. Mél. Biol. xi. 791. In bushy

places, Macao; Pakhoi. FI. white, April.

. densiflora, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 155. In the Happy Valley

woods, in a ravine below the Wongneichong-Taitam
catchwater, Hongkong ; at Sanning. Fl. cream-coloured,
April.

. acutidens, Hemsl. et Wils. in Kew Bull. 1906, 160; var.

laxiflora, Dunn in Journ. Bot. 1907, 403. In the wood
east of the racecourse, on hill south of Wongneichong
Gap and south of Wanchai Gap, Hongkong. FI. cream-
coloured, April.

. leucocarpa, Champ.; Benth. 1. c. 154. On Victoria Peak

and in the Happy Valley woods, Hongkong ; Ma-onshan
and without locality, Hongkong New Territory. Fl.
white, May.

. canthioides, Champ.; Benth. 1. c. 155. Aberdeen New

Road, Little Hongkong, and Causeway Bay, Hongkong ;
Lofoushan. Fl. cream-coloured, April.

16.—GARDENIA.

1. G. florida, Zinn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 153. Not uncommon in

21515

ravines and on the hills, Hongkong; Lantao Island,
Hongkong New Territory; Swatow; Lienchow River.
Fl. white, May.

12

132
17.—DIPLOSPORA.

1. D. viridiflora, DC.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 157. In the Happy
Valley woods and on Victoria Peak, Hongkong ; Lantao
Island at 1500 ft., Hongkong New Territory ; hill near
Chaochaufu; Lofoushan. FI. straw-coloured, April.

18.—ANTIRRHOEA.

1. A. chinensis, Benth. et Hook.; Guetardella chinensis, Champ. é
Benth, Fl. Hongk. 158. On Mt. Gough and Mt. Victoria,
Hongkong ; above Tungchung, Lantao Island, Hongkong
New Territory. Fl. yellow, May.

19.—K NOXTA.

See key to Hedyotis (p. 125).

. K. corymbosa, Villd.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 164. Mt. Kellet,
Hongkong; White Cloud hills, Canton; Wongmau
Island. FI. purplish, July.

—

20.—IXORA.

1. I. chinensis, Lam.; J. stricta, Roxb. ; Benth. lc. 158. In the
woods behind the Buddhist Temple, Causeway Bay and
at Chaiwan, Hongkong ; common on hillsin the Hongkong
New Territory ; Macao. Fl. orange-scarlet, June.

21.—PAVETTA.
1. P. indica, Zinn.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iii. 150. In the
Happy Valley woods, on Mt. Gough, on Mt. Victoria and

Taitam Tuk, Hongkong; Majénshan, Hongkong New
Territory ; Hoifung; Macao. FI]. white, May.

22.—CANTHIUM.

Key to species.

Unarmed tree; leaves 3 inches long,

glabrous : wee tg we Ll. didymum.
Thorny shrub; leaves 1 inch long,
pubescent underneath... -- 2. parvifolium.

1, C. didymum, Gaertn. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 159. In the Happy
Valley woods, Hongkong. FI. white, May.

2. ©. parvifolium, Rorb.; C. horridum, Benth. Le. non Blume.
Hongkong without locality; hills near Sainam on the
North River, Fl. pale green with yellow centre, Summer,

133

23.—MORINDA.
Key to species.
Leaves glabrous ies aor ww. 1. umbellata.
Leaves hirsute on under side ... we 2, villosa.

. M. umbellata, Zinn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 159. Common in
Hongkong ; Pakhoi; Lienchow River ; Lofoushan. Fl.
cream-coloured, May.

. M. villosa, Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iii. 158. Maédnshan, Hong-
kong New Territory. Lofoushan. Fl.—, May, June.

24.—DAMNACANTHUS.
. D. indicus, Gaertn. ; Hook. £. Fl. Brit. Ind. iii. 158. North
River. Fl. white, March.
25..-PSYCHOTRIA.
Key to species.

. Erect shrub or tree... = aie 2.
Creeping plant ... we 1. serpens.

. Corolla tube longer than broad. sx ’ Tutcheri,
Corolla tube broader than long .. 3. elliptica.

. P. serpens, Linn. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 161.’ Common, growing
over trees and rocks ; Hongkong ; Swatow ; Chaochaufu ;
Lappa Island ; Macao; Pakhoi ; Lofoushan. Fl. white,

June.

2. P. Tutcheri, Dunn in Journ. Bot. 1910, 324. Not uncommon

in the Happy Valley woods. FI. white, May.

. P. elliptica, Ker; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 161. Very common on
the hillsides, Hongkong; Shalotung, Hongkong New
Territory ; Swatow; Hoifung; Whampoa; Macao ;
Lofoushan. Fl. white, May.

26.—CHASALIA.
. C. curviflora, Thwattes; Hook. £. Fl. Brit. Ind. iii. 176.
Lofoushan. Fl, white, April.

27.—GEOPHILA.
. G. reniformis, D. Don; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iii. 178. In a
shady ravine behind the Buddhist Temple, Causeway Bay,
Hongkong ; on the North River. Fl. white, July.
28.—LASIANTHUS.
Key to species.

. Cymes pedunculate... wee ws 1, micranthus
Cymes sessile ... 2.
. Bracts subulate, much longer than
calyx ; leaves subsessile ... 3.

Bracts much shorter than calyx ; leaves
stalked... ves vue vas 4,

134

. Leaves with about 6 pairs of nerves,

obliquely cordate ... 29 .. 2. Wallichi.
Leaves with about 10 pairs of nerves,

acute at base — oe w. 3. cyanocarpus.
4, Fruit and stem glabrous sive w= 4. Fordi.
Fruit pubescent or hirsute... bas 5.
5. Leaves shortly tomentose beneath ... 5. chinensis.
6

1.

Ww

Leaves strigose on veins beneath . trichophlebus.

. L. micranthus, Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iii. 190. | Lienchow

River. FI. ‘

. L. Wallichii, Wight ; Hook. £. lc. 180. In the Happy Valley

woods and on the north side of Mt. Victoria ; Yit-hai,
Han River; Lienchow River. Fl. white, April.

. L. cyanocarpus, Jack ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 160. In the Happy

Valley woods and behind the Buddhist Temple, Causeway
Bay, Hongkong. Fl. white, May.

. L. Fordii, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1885, 324. Swatow;

Lofoushan. FI. white, August.

. L. chinensis, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 160. In the Happy Valley

woods, Victoria Peak and elsewhere, Hongkong ; Lantao
Island and Chinglanshi, Hongkong New Territory ; hill
near Chaochaufu. Fl. white, May.

. L. trichophlebus, Hems/. Enum. Pl. China, i. 388. Slopes of

the Phoenix Mt., Swatow ; Lofoushan. FI. white, April.

29.—PAEDERIA.

P, tomentosa, Blume ; P. foetida, Thunb.; Benth. Fl. Hongk.
162. Very common in Hongkong; near the Saikung
Road, Hongkong New Territory; Macao; Lofoushan.
Fl. white and pink, September.

30.—LEPTODERMIS.

Key to species.

Plant subglabrous on ees ais 1. oblonga.
Plant tomentose ae Sad ww. «2. -vestita.

. L. oblonga, Bunge; Walp. Rep. ii. 488. Lienchow River.

Fl. white, December.

. L. vestita, Hemsi. Enum. Pl, China, i. 390. Lienchow River.

Fl. white, August.

31.—SERISSA.
Key to species.

Corolla tube about equal to calyx teeth 1. Democritea.
Corolla tube abouttwicethecalyxteeth 2. fvetida.

8. Democritea, Baill. ; Democritea serissoides, DC. Prodr. iv. 540.
Lienchow. FI. :

8. foetida, Comm.; DC. Prodr. iv. 575. On Victoria Peak,
Hongkong ; on the bank of the Han River, Swatow;
Lienchow River. Fl. white, May.

bh

Ww

135

32.—SPERMACOCE.
For key to species see Hedyotis (p. 125).

. 8. stricta, Linn. f.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 162. Near Stanley,

Hongkong ; Lantao, Hongkong New Territory. Fl.
white, September.

. 8. hispida, Zinn.; Benth. 1. c. 163. On the sandy beach at

Deepwater Bay, Hongkong; Kowloon, Hongkong New
Territory ; on the bank of the Han River, Swatow and at
Hoifung ; Pakhoi; West River. Fl. purple, April-
October.

. 8. semierecta, Rozrb.; Benth. 1. c. 163. Hongkong without

locality. FI. white,

33.—RUBIA.

. R. cordifolia, Linn. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iii. 202. Lienchow
River. Fl. yellowish, July.
34.—GALIUM.
Key to species.
Leaves linear-oblanceolate ... we 1. Aparine.
Leaves linear-lanceolate oie w= 2. gracile.

. G. Aparine, Linn. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 164. In hedges without

locality, Hongkong ; Swatow ; a common weed in waste
places, Canton. Fl. greenish-white, April.

. G. gracile, Bunge; G. miltorrhizum, Hance in Journ. Bot.

1868, 114. Lienchow River. Fl. white, April.

VALERIAN ACHAE.

1.—PATRINIA.
Key to species.

Leaves mostly lyrate ; fruit narrowly
winged ive say w» 1. seabiosaefolia.
Leaves mostly spathulate or lanceolate 2. villosa.

. P. scabiosaefolia, Fisch.; DC. Prodr. iv. 624. Lienchow

River ; Yintak, N. River ; Lofoushan. Fl. yellow, August.

. P. villosa, Juss. ; DC. 1. c. Lienchow River; North River ;

‘Lofoushan. FI. yellow, August.

COMPOSITAE.
Key to Genera.

. Female flowers in separate bur-like

heads ... sin aig .. 25, Xanthium (p. 144).
Heads hermaphrodite... a 2.

20.

21.

136

. Florets all similar...

Outer florets dissimilar slender o or
rayed ...

. Florets all ligulate 7

Florets all tubular and hermaphro-
dite =r ety

. Leaves alternate ...

Leaves opposite
Heads many-flowered
Heads 2-5-flowered

. Involucre imbricated in 2 or more

rows...
Involuere of 10-15 “equal ‘bracts in
one row fe e ae

. Pappus plumose

Pappus setose or scaly

. Leaves and usually involucre

prickly sins
Leaves not prickly

. Involucre with smaller bracts at

base ; style branches with long

points ... . nee
Involucre ee ‘ style "pranches
obtuse . re

. Flowers cel.

Flowers yellow

. Flower heads clustered

Flower heads in a long spike

. Achenes with long barbed bristles

linear ...
Achenes with capillary ¢ or chafty
bristles, short ..

. Pappus hairs tipped with a gland

Pappus hairs not glandular

. Pappus of chaffy dilated bristles...

Pappus hairs slender

Outer florets slender, female, not
ligulate ;

Ghee florets ligulate

Receptacle naked ..

Receptacle paleaceous

. Pappus of many hairs

Pappus 0 or very short ...

. Outer female florets few .

Outer female florets very ni numerous

. Involucral bracts herbaceous or

subulate eee
Involucral bracts thin, hyaline we
Stems tall, stiff, with thick
heneicaraun eee
Stems weak, straggling ...
Anthers obtuse at the base
Anthers tailed at the base ea

41.
42.

39.
40.
38.

52.
Cnicus (p. 149).
Saussurea (p. 149).
10.
Senecio (p. 148).

Emilia (p. 148).
Gynura (p. 147).

2. Elephantopus (p. 139).

43.
31.

22.

20.
21.

Ainsliaea (p. 149).
Bidens (p. 145).

13.
Adenostemma (p. 139).
14

; Ageratum (p. 139).
. Eupatorium (p. 139).

Inula @. U4),
21.
20.

Anaphaks (p. 143).
Gnaphalium (p. 143).
22

24,

22,

28.

29.

30.
31.
32.
33.
34.

35.

36.

37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42,

43.

137

Leaves all linear ... a
Upper or all leaves ovate

23. Large erect cieaealtns or climb-

ing perennial ..
Small erect sonia.

.Stem winged

Stem wingless

. Involucral bracts broad, obits. ie

Involucral bracts linear, acute ...
Large erect herb ...
Small or prostrate annual

. Heads solitary

Heads in corymbs or panicles

. Heads lateral, leaf opposed

Heads solitary, terminal .. e

Leaves sinuate and toothed, stem-
clasping

Leaves 1-2- pinnatifid,
mucronate

Heads on slender divaricate pani
culate stalk

lohed

Heads in small close corymbs_ ...
Leaves opposite ... <i “or
Leaves alternate ...

Pappus barbed... Be es
Pappus 0 or setaceous... tae
Heads small, very numerous...
Heads large, few ... ene ee
Heads erect ane ‘

Heads cernuous

Involucral bracts orbicular

Involucral bracts oblong ... =

External bracts ses gland.
ular... is

External bracts not ‘glandular —

Heads subtended by a few leafy

bracts . eae oes eee
Bracts uniform, not leafy ate
Small spreading herb... oe
Coarse erect plant sie ain
Flowers white ... tee aes
Flowers yellow... ses

Leaves entire or toothed ...
Leaves pinnatifid ...
Leaves alternate ...
Leaves radical... wee
Pappus 0 or very short ... ae
Pappus setaceous eae ae
Flower heads under } inch
Flower heads } inch or more
Involucral neat scarious at edge
Involucral bracts herbaceous

12. Evrigeron (p. 141).

23.

23a.
14. Conyza (p. 142).
16, Laggera (p. 143).
13. Microglossa (p. 141).
17. Pluchea (p. 148).
15. Blumea (p. 142).

32.

26.

27.

29.

34,

28.

8, Grangea (p. 140),
34, Cotula (p. 146).

7. Dichrocephala (p.
140).
9. Cyathocline (p. 140).
31.

39.

. Bidens (p. 145).
35.

. Artemisia (p. 147).
33

. Sphaeranthus (p. 143).
. Carpesium (p. 144).

. Epaltes (p. 143).

. Myriogyne (p. 146).

Stegesbechia (p. 145).
36.

37.

38.
. Sanvitalia (p. 145).
. Synedrella (p. 145).
. Eelipta (p. 145).
Wedelia (p. 145).

. Anisopappus (p. 144).
32. Glossogyne (p. 146).

41,
47.
42.
44,

10. rede (p. 140).
43.

33. Chrysanthemum (p.

146).
ll. Aster (p, 140).

138

44. Flowers white or purple ... .. ll. Aster (p. 140).
Flowers yellow oe sii 45.

45. Involucral bracts in single row ... 39. Senecio (p. 148).
Involucral bracts imbricated ... 46.

46. Ray florets about 8 as .. 6, Solidago (p. 140).
Ray florets very numerous s. 22. Inula (p. 144).

47. Scapose perennial aie . 44, Gerbera (p. 149).
Small prostrate annual ... ... 36. Soliva (p. 146).

48, Achenes beaked ... sts ea 49,
Achenes not beaked ons oe 50.

49. Leaves cauline ... 28 w. 48, Lactuca (p. 150).
Leaves radical i .. 45, Taraxacum (p. 149).

50. Involucral bracts imbricate in

many rows... iiss zis 51.
Involucral bracts in a single row
with a few small outer bracts 53.

51. Leaves cauline ... ive w- 49. Sonchus (p. 150).
Leaves radical... sas .. 50. Launaea (p. 151).

52. Pappus scaly eas . we 4. Ageratum (p. 139).
Pappus setose vas w» 1. Vernonia (p. 138).

53. Pappus wanting ... a w. 45. Lapsana (p. 149).
Pappus present ... os we 46, Crepis (p. 150).

1.—VERNONIA.
Key to species.

1. Involucral bracts acute ... aes 2.
Involucral bracts oblong, obtuse 5.

2. Achenes glabrous fie wwe 3.
* Achenes hairy 4.

3. Heads scattered E wea 1. chinensis.
Heads in a terminal corymb ... .. 2. saligna.
4, Heads on short lateral branches ws 3. Clivorum.
Heads in a terminal corymb ... 4, cinerea.
5. Involucral bracts woolly all over 5. solanifolia.
Involucral bracts woolly on margins
only... avs : 6. Andersoni.

1. V. chinensis, Less.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 169. Common in
waste places, Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong New
Territory ; on the river bank near Chaochaufu ; Canton ;
Lofoushan. FI. purple, April—October.

2. V.saligna, DC.; Hook.f. FI. Brit. Ind. iii. 235. On the south
side of Mt. Parker, Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong
New Territory ; Lofoushan, 1000 ft. FI. white, October.

3. V. Clivorum, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1869, 164. At Shiuhing
on the West River. Fl. purple, Fébruary—October.

4, V. cinerea, Less. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 169. A common weed in
Hongkong ; at Lokloha, Hongkong New Territory ; in
fields near Chaochaufu. FI. purple, all the year.

5. V. solanifolia, Benth. 1. c. 169. Frequent in Hongkong :
Taimoshan at 1500 ft., Hongkong New Territory ; hill
near Chaochaufu. FI. light purple, February.

vo

139

V. Andersoni, Clarke ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iii. 241. On
Victoria Peak and at Little Hongkong, Hongkong ; Junk
Island, Hongkong New Territory ; hill near Chaochaufu.
Fl. purple, February.

2.—ELEPHANTOPUS.
Key to species.

Flower heads subtended by cordate or
ovate bracts be ine we 1. scaber,
Flower heads subtended by linear bracts 2. spicatus.

. EB. scaber, Linn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 170; mollis, H. B. K.

Common in waste places, Hongkong ; near Sanwai, Hong-
kong New Territory ; Swatow ; Pakhoi. FI. purple, April.

E. spicatus, Aubl.; Distreptus spicatus, Cass. et Less. ; DC.
Prodr. v. 87. On a bank on May Road, Hongkong ;
on the river bank near Chaochaufu. Fl. white, April.

8.—ADENOSTEMMA.

A. viscosum, Forst.; Benth. Fl. Hongk.171. At Little Hong-
Kong, Hongkong; by the side of a stream east of the
Kowloon Catchwater, Hongkong New Territory ; wet
places near the foot of the White Cloud hills, Canton.
Fl. white, October.

4.—AGERATUM.

. A. conyzoides, Zinn. ; Benth. 1. c. 171. A common weed on

waste ground, Hongkong ; cultivated ground, Chaochautu ;
Fatshan, near Canton. Fl. blue or white, all the year.

5.—EUPATORIUM.
Key to species.

1. Leaves ovate ; involucral bracts obtuse 2.
Leaves linear ; involucral bracts acute 1. Lindleyanum.
2. Leaves rounded at base ees ose 3.
Leaves narrowed at base ee ae 4.
3. Leaves gland-dotted beneath ... .. 3, melanadenium.
Leaves-eglandular _... swe «4, Reevesii.
4. Leaves linear-lanceolate; odour like
lavender... Heh ate «- 5, Stoechadosmum.
Leaves ovate... aa 2. japonicum.

2.

E. Lindleyanum, DC.; Benth. Fl. Hongk.172. Mt. Victoria,
and Mt. Davis, Hongkong; Fatshan; Lienchow River.
Fl. white, July.

E. japonicum, Thunb.; E. Wallichii, DC.; Benth. 1. ce. 172.
Mt. Gough, Hongkong ; Lantao Island, and near Sanwai
Hongkong New Territory ; on the Lanta Mt., Hoifung ,
Canton; Lienchow River; North River. Fl. white, October.

140

. E. melanadenium, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1885, 325. Lofoushar

at 1700 ft. Fl. white, August.

. E. Reevesii, Wall.; Benth. FI. Hongk. 172. Hongkong

without locality ; ; Whampoa ; ee Fl. white, October.

. E. stoechadosmum, Hance in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 4, xvill. 222.

Wild at Tsingyun, North River; Y eungshui, Lienchow
River; cultivated at Whampoa by the Chinese. Fl
whitish, November.

6.—SOLIDAGO.

. 8. Virgaurea, Zinn. ; Benth. I. c. 179. On Victoria Peak.

Mt. Davis and elsewher e, Hongkong ; Swatow ; Kwaisin,
Hoifung; White Cloud hills, Canton. Fl. yellow,
November.

7.—DICHROCEPHALA.

D. latifolia, DC.; Benth. 1. c. 173. Hongkong without
locality ; Swatow ; Kwaisin, Hoifung. FI. white, June-
September.

8.—GRANGEA.

. G. maderaspatana, Poir.; Benth. 1. c. 185. In the Happy

Valley, Hongkong ; Pakhoi. Fl. yellow, April.

9.—_CYATHOCLINE.

. C. lyrata, Cass.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iii. 246. Kwangtung

without locality. FI. rose-purple, February to April.

10.—LAGENOPHORA.

. L. Billardieri, Cass.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 173. 1n a lawn at

Victoria Peak, Hongkong. FI. white and yellow, April.

11.—ASTER.
Key to species.

1, Peduncles longer than the hemispherical
involucres ... 3.
Peduncles shorter than the turbinate
involucres ... a tee ‘i 2.
2. Involucral bracts acute ie .. 1. brevipes.
Involucral bracts obtuse eg .» 2, baccharoides.
3. Leaves stem-clasping .. 4,
Leaves narrowed at base, not ‘clasping 5.
- Radical leaves persistent we . 3, striatus.
No radical leaves at time of flowering 7.
5. Leaves (lower). suddenly contracted

into winged petiole “ we 4, scaber.
Leaves cuneate or rounded below as 6.

141

6. Pappus 0 Tes. gts sit we <5, indicus.
Pappus setose ... ane site a 8.
_ 7 Upper leaves entire, obtuse ... w. 6, Fordii.
Upper leaves serrate, acuminate w= 7. panduratus.
3. Leaves tomentose on both sides .. 8. Sampsoni.
Leaves glabrous or scabrous ... wine 9

9, Middle leaves linear cae 9 Gerlach
Middle leaves ovate or oblong, very

9
scabrous... ‘ ‘ .. 10. trinervius.

1. A. brevipes, Benth. F]. Hongk. 175. Hongkong without
locality ; Kanghau, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. white
and yellow, October to January.

2, A. baccharoides, Steetz; Benth. 1. c. 175. Common on the
hills in Hongkong; Kwaisin, Hoifung. Fl. white and
yellow, October.

3. A. striatus, Champ.; Benth. 1.c. 174. On the south side of
Mt. Kellet, Hongkong. FI. light blue and yellow, October.

4, A. seaber, Thunb. ; Doellingerias cabra, Nees; DC. Prodr. v.

_ 263. Lofoushan, 1000 ft. Fl. white and yellow, August.

5. A. indicus, Linn.; Boltonra indica, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 174.
Hongkong without locality; Fatshan River; Macao ;
North River; Lofoushan. Fl. purple and yellow,
November.

6. A. Fordii, Hemsi. Enum. Pl. China, i. 410. Lantao Island and
on the hills around Kowloon reservoir, Hongkong New
Territory ; Swatow ; Lofoughan, 800 ft. Fl. purple and
yellow, April to August.

7. A. panduratus, Nees; Walp. Rep. vi. 119. Lintin Island,
Canton River. FI. lilac and yellow, ——.

8. A. Sampsoni, Hemsi, ; Heteropappus Sampsoni, Hance in Journ.
Bot. 1867, 370. At the top of the White Cloud hills, and
in grassy places along the West River. Fl. white and
yellow, January.

9. A. Gerlachii, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1880, 262. Along the
North River. Fl. white and yellow, November to January.

10. A. trinervius, Rozd.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 174. Along the
‘Pokfulam Conduit, Mt. Nicholson and the Happy Valley,
Hongkong ;: banks of the Han River, Swatow; White

- Cloud hills, Canton, Fl. white and yellow, October.

12.—ERIGERON.

mal: E. linifolius, Willd.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 176. Common on
roadsides, Hongkong ; hills near Chaochaufu ; Lofoushan.
Fl. white, April.

18.—MICROGLOSSA. &
1, M. volubilis, DC.; Brigeron pyrifolius, Benth, Fl.. Hongk.

176. Hongkong without ia! ; Lantao Isiand, Hong-
kong New Territory ; Macao. Fl. green, June,

to

—

142

-14.—CONYZA.

. C. japonica, Less. C. veronicaefolia, Wall.; Benth. J. c. 176.
About Victoria, Hongkong ; Kwangtung without locality.
Fl. yellow, April to October.

15.—BLUMEA.
Key to species.

1. Heads distinctly peduncled ... ce 2.

Upper heads sessile, clustered one 3.
2. Leaves glabrous ve nas v1. chinensis.

Leaves pubescent aus awe .. 2. laciniata.
3. Heads very numerous, paniculate ;

leaves large eae “ia = 4,

Heads mostly in a few clusters os 5.

4, Leaves glabrous aii .. 38, myriocephala.

Leaves very silky beneath 4. balsamifera,

v

Heads usually in compact sessile

5.
clusters... ies dis ie 6.
Heads often in stalked clusters sie 8.
6. Upper leaves elongate silvery beneath 5. sericans.
Leaves ovate ... iss ie wr 7.
7. Corolla yellow ... 6. glomerata.
Corolla purple ... i 7. Wightiana.
8. Upper leaves stalked ... 8. lucera.
Upper leaves sessile... oes sts 9

9. Lower leaves oblong, ovate, gradually

reduced into the petiole, teeth few 9. honghongensis.
Lower leaves ovate, serrate ... .. 10. hieractfolia.

1. B. chinensis, DC.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 177. At Cape
d@ Aguilar, Hongkong ; Kwangtung without locality. Fl.
yellow, November.

2. B. laciniata, DC.; B. glandulosa, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 177 non
DC. At Chaiwan and Aberdeen, Hongkong ; river bank
near Chaochaufu. FI. yellow, April.

3. B. myriocephala, DC.; Hook f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iii. 269. In a

shady place at Little Hongkong, Hongkong. FI. yellow,
January.

. B. balsamifera, DC.; Hook.f. 1.c. 262. Lamma Island, Hong-
kong New Territory ; hill near Chaochaufu ; Lanfa Mt.,
Hoifung. Fl. yellow, September.

. B. sericans, Hook. f.; B. hieracifola, var. holosericea, Benth. FI.
Hongk. 178. Hongkong without locality. Fl. yellow, ——.

. B. glomerata, DC.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 262. At
Shiuhing Pass on the West River. FI. yellow, May.

. B. Wightiana, DC.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 178. Hongkong
without locality. Fl. ,

. B. lacera, DC.; Benth. 1. c. 178. Common in paddy fields
and waste places, Hongkong ; river bank near Chaochaufu;
Whampoa; West River. Fl. yellow, April to August.

143

9. B, hongkongensis, Vaniot in Bull. Acad. Géogr. Bot. xii, 22.
In a wood at Pokfulam, Hongkong ; Lantao Island ;
Sanning. FI. yellow, August.

10. B. hieracifolia, DC.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 178. Hongkong
without locality; near Chaochautu; Whampoa. Fl.
yellow, April.

16.—LAGGERA.

1, L. alata, Schulte-Bip. ; Blumea alata, DC.; Benth. FI.
Hongk. 1:7. Victoria Road, Hongkong ; in | King’ 8 Park,
Kowloon ; on the bank of tie River Han, Swatow. FL
yellow, April.

17.—PLUCHEA.
Key to species.

Heads in large compound panicles or
corymbs ... ses oa we 1. indica.
Heads few, scattered ... .. 2, pteropoda.

1. P. indica, Less.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 179. Bushy places near
the sea; Hongkong without locality ; Lantao Island,
Hongkong New Territory ; Ookaisa; Whampoa. FI.
pink, June.

2. P. pteropoda, Hemsl. Enum. Pl. China i. 422. Bushy places
near the sea ; Cape d’Aguilar, Hongkong ; Lo Fou Ferry,
Hongkong New Territory; MHoifung; Pakhoi. Fl.
purple, October.

18.—EPALTES.
1, E. australis, Zess.; DC. Prodr. v. 462. Marshes, Wanchai
Gap,Hongkong ; Pakhoi. FI. purple, May to June.
19._SPHAERANTHUS.
1. 8. africanus, Zin. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit, Ind. iii. 275. Whampoa.
FI. white, March.

20.-ANAPHALIS.

1. A. adnata, DC.; Hook.f. 1. .c. 282. Swatow; Kwaisin,
Hoifung ; Lofoushan at 3100 ft. Fl. white, August.

21.—GNAPHALIUM.
Key to species.

1. Flower heads in terminal corymbs ... 2.
Flower heads in axillary clusters or in
a terminal spike... wile er 3.
2. Leaves linear, glabrous above.. « — 1L. hypoleucum.

Leaves linear, spathulate, white on
both sides ... — ste +++ 2. multiceps.

wo

_

144

. Flower heads about 2 lines long .. «= 3. purpureum.
Flower heads about 1 line long we 4, indicum.

. G. hypoleucum, DC.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 187. Hongkong
without locality. Fl. yellow, December.

G. multiceps, Wall.; Benth. 1. c. 188. A weed in gardens,
Hongkong ; Swatow; Kwaisin, Hoifung ; Maisaon; Lofou-
shan. Fl. yellow, March.

G. purpureum, Zinn.; Benth. 1. c. 188. A garden weed,
Hongkong ; on the banks of streams near Chaochaufu.
FI. white?, April.

G. indicum, Zinn.; Benth. 1. c. 188. In waste places at
Chaiwan, Hongkong ; in fields near Chaochaufu ; abundant
at Canton. FI. white, March.

22.—INULA.

Key to species.
Flowers radiate... ies 2 «» — L. britannica.
Flowers discoid aes ne a. 2. Cappa.

. I. britannica, Linn.; DC. Prodr. v. 467. Lienchow River.

FI. yellow, December.

I. Cappa, DC.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 180. Common in Hong-
kong on the hills; on hills near Chaochaufu. FI.
yellow, November.

23.—CARPESIUM.
Key to species.

Heads in leafy racemes ies w. 1. abrotanoides.
Heads solitary on long leafy branches 2. Athinsonianum.

. C. abrotanoides, Zinn.; Hook. f£. Fl. Brit. Ind. iii. 301. On
the city walls and on brick rubbish, Canton ; Lienchow
River. Fl. yellow, December.

. C. Atkinsonianum, Hemsl.in Kew Bull. 1893, 157. Kwaisin,
Hoifung ; Lofoushan. FI. yellow, September.

24.—ANISOPAPPUS.

. A. chinensis, Hook. et Arn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 180. On the
hills near Stanley, Hongkong; in Fungun valley, aud
near Sanwai, Hongkong New Territory ; Hoifung ; White
Cloud hills, Canton ; Lofoushan. FI. yellow, October.

25.—XANTHIUM.
. X. strumarium, Linn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 181. Common in

waste places, Hongkong ; on the river hank Chaochaufu :
North River. Fl. yellowish, summer.

“145

26.—SANVITALIA.

. S. procumbens, Lam.; DC. Prodr. v. 628. A weed in the
Botanic Gardens, Hongkong. FI. yellow and purple,
January.

e

27.—SIEGESBECKIA.

1. 8. orientalis, Zinn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 182. Common in
waste places, Hongkong ; on the river bank near Swatow;
Canton. Fl. yellow, April onwards.

28.—ECLIPTA.

1. E. alba, Hassk.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 182. A common weed in
Hongkong ; Swatow; Canton; West River. FI. white,

June.
29.—WEDELIA,
Key to species.
1, Leaves sessile ... ee i .» 1. calendulacea.
Leaves stalked ... oe ee 23 2.
2. Leaves small, crowded... vee we. =. prostrata.
Leaves large, on long stalks ... ie 3.
3. Climber with elongate achenes ... 38, urticaefolia.
Erect plant with short achenes .. 4, biflora, -

1. W. calendulacea, Zess.; Benth. FJ. Hongk. 182. At the
racecourse and elsewhere, Hongkong; at Castle Peak,
Hongkong New Territory ; Swatow; abundant weed on
muddy banks, Canton ; Macao ; Lofoushan. Fl. yellow, May.

. W. prostrata, Hemsl.; Wollastonia prostrata, Hook. et Arn.
Bot. Beech. Voy. 265. Macao; Pakhoi. Fl. yellow,
early Summer.

. W. urticaefolia, DC. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iii. 306. Lien-
chow River. Fl. yellow, August.

. W. biflora, DC. ; Wollastonia biflora, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 183.
At Repulse Bay, Shaukiwan and Mt. Davis near the sea,
Hongkong ; Centre Island, Mirs Bay, Hongkong New
Territory ; Macao. FI. yellow, July.

bo

~ 0D

30.—SYNEDRELLA.

1. 8. nodiflora, Gaertn. ; DC. Prodr. v. 629. On Bowen Road
above Wongneichong and common in waste places,
Hongkong. FI. yellow, December.

31.—_BIDENS.

Key to species.

Ray white wie ie as we L. pilosa,
Ray yellow... des ar ~. 2. bipinnata,

—

iw)

_

we

146

. B, pilosa, Linn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 183. A common weed

in Hongkong ; river banks near Swatow. Fi. white and
yellow, April.

. B. bipinnata, Linn. ; Benth. 1. c. 183. Mt. Kellet, Plantation

Road and waste places, Hongkong; Taipo, Hongkong
New Territory. Fl. yellow, July.

382.—GLOSSOGYNE.

. @ tennifolia, Cass.; Benth. 1. c. 184. Deepwater Bay and

Stonecutters’ Island, Hongkong; Ngauchiwan and Tai-
lungchun, Hongkong New Territory; Pakhoi. Fl.
yellow, June.

3838.—-CHRYSANTHEMUM.

Key to species.

Leaves bipinnatipartite abs wl. coronarium.

Leaves entire or pinnatifid ... ts 2.

Leaves sessile ... sie bse .. 2. segetum.
Leaves stalked, stipulate wee. date 3.
Leaves thin, green... is «» 3. indicum.

Leaves thicker, glaucous ace v4, sinense.

. C.

C.
C.

coronarium, Zinn.; DC. Prodr. vi. 64. Cultivated. FI.
yellow, March.

segetum, Zinn.; DC.1.c. 64. Cultivated. Fl. yellow, March.

indicum, Linn.; Pyrethrum indicum, Cass.; DC. 1. c. 62.
Common on hills, Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hongkong
New Territory ; Swatow; Lienchow River, FI. yellow,
November.

-C. sinense, Sabine ; Pyrethrum sinense, DC.1.c.62. Hongkong

without locality. Fl. white or pink, October.

34.—COTULA.

. anthemoides, Linn. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk.185. At Chaiwan,

Hongkong ; at Sandal-wood mills in paddy fields, Hong-
kong New Territory ; on the river bank near Swatow.
Fl. yellow, March.

35.—MYRIOGYNE.

. M. minuta, Zess.; Benth. 1.c. 186. In paddy fields, Hongkong ;

Swatow ; a common weed, Canton. FI. yellow, June.

36.—SOLIVA.

. 8. anthemifolia, R. Br.; DC. Prodr. vi. 142. In damp,

cultivated ground at Hast Point. Fl. yellow, March.

147

37.—ARTEMISIA.
Key to species.

1. Leaves finely divided or setaceous ... 2.

Leaves broad, entire or with broad
segments... ia ike eee 5.

2. Leaves white beneath ... ies w. — L. vestita.
Leaves green ... oom ee te 3.

3. Leaves all tripinnatifid ee wala 4,
Upper leaves simple, capillary 2. scoparia.

4. Heads about +, inch broad 3. annua.
Heads about + inch 4, apiacea.

5. Leaves ovate, serrate ... : ... 5, anomala.
Leaves pinnatifid ess sine ce 6.

6. Leaves white beneath ... sie .» 6. vulgaris.
Leaves green ... 35 7.

_

. Flowers about j, inch broad i ws 7. japonica,

Flowers about + inch broad ... .. 8. lactifiora.

. A. vestita, Waill.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iii. 326. Lienchow

River. Fl. white, December.

- A. scoparia, Waldst. et Kit. ; Hook.f. 1.c. 323. Canton; Lien-

chow River ; North River. Fl. white, August-December.

. A. annua, Linn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 187. Repulse Bay,

Hongkong. FI. white, October.

. A. apiacea, Hance in Walp. Ann. ii. 895. In rice fields near

Canton. FI. yellowish, .

. A. anomala, S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1875, 227. Grassy hills

100 miles north of Canton ; Lienchow River ; Lofoushan.
Fl. white, August-December.

A. vulgaris, Linn. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 187. In the Happy
Valley, Hongkong ; Castle Peak, Hongkong New Territory ;
Swatow; LienchowRiver. Fl. white, August-December.

A. japonica, Thunb. ; Benth. 1. c. 186. At Chaiwan, Hong-
kong ; Hongkong New Territory without locality ; Lien-
chow River. Fl. white, October-December.

A. lactiflora, Wail. ; DC. Prodr. vi. 115. A weed in Botanic
Gardens, Hongkong ; Canton on brick rubbish ; Lienchow
River ; North River. Fl. white, December.

38.—GYNURA.
Key to species.

. Veinlets enclosing long linear spaces... 1. ovalis.
Spaces (enclosed by veinlets) short ... 2.

. Leaves pinnatifid si xi 2. pinnatifida.
Leaves entire ... ‘i ais .. 38. divaricata,

- G. ovalis, DC.; G. Pseudochina, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 189. In

ravines of Mt. Victoria and other places, Hongkong ;
Lantao Island and Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory ;
near Chaochaufu; Pakhoi. FI. orange-coloured, April-
December.

21515 K2

148

2. G. pinnatifida, DC. Prodr. vi. 301. Swatow; Fatshe
Lienchow River. Fl. yellow, December.

3. G. divaricata, DC. 1. ¢. 301. Near Canton. FI. ——.

39.—SENECIO.
‘Key to species.
1. Leaves sessile ... ies eee sie : 2.
Leaves, at least the lower, stalked ... 4,
2. Flowers rayed ... ie — v1, Stauntoni.
Flowers discoid... pee a oer 3.
3. Leaves pinnatifid os wee .» 2. vulgaris.
Leaves pinnatipartite ... be .. «8, Evul.
. Leaves entire ... sie — w. 4. scandens.
Leaves lobed... 8 ie — 5.
. Leaves orbicular, dentate aoe ar 6.
Leaves palmatipartite ... ies .. 5. japonicus.
. Pappus 0 ae ia site .. 6. phalacrocarpus
Pappus setaceous is oo .. 7, Kaempferi.

1. S. Stauntoni, DC.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 190 In ravin
Victoria Peak, Mt. Gough and Aberdeen, Hongko:
Fl. yellow, October.

2. 8. vulgaris, Zinn. ; DC. Prodr. vi. 341. A weed in cultiva
ground, Hongkong. FI. yellow, December.

3. 8. Exul, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1868, 174. East River.
yellow, February.

4. 8. scandens, Ham. ; S. chinensis, DC. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 1
Bushy places and wood borders; on Mt. Victoria, |
Gough, Mt. Parker and Taitam Tuk, Hongkong ; Lan
Island, Mirs Bay and Lamma Island, Hongkong N
Territory ; river bank near Swatow ; North River; F
shan; Canton; Macao. Fl. yellow, November-Decemt

5. §. japonicus, Schultz-Bip. ; S. macranthus, Clarke ; Hook.

Fl. Brit. Ind. iii. 349. By mountain streams, Fungwongsh
Hongkong New Territory; Lofoushan. FI. yellow, F

. 8. phalacrocarpus, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1881, 151. No

River ; Lienchow River. FI. yellow, April.

. 5. Kaempferi, DC. ; Farfugium Kaempferi, Benth. Fl. Hon,

191. Along rocky streams, in Pokfulam ravine, on ]
Victoria and Mt. Kellet, Hongkong; Lantao Island, Ho:
kong New Territory. FI. yellow, September-Decembe

- 40.—EMILIA.

. E. sonchifolia, DC. ; Senecio sonchifolius, Moench ; Benth.

Hongk. 189. At Taitam Tuk in a swamp, Hongkor
Kanghau, Maénshan and various places in swampy grou
Hongkong New Territory ; Swatow; Sanning ; Pakl
FI, light purple, July—October.

ry

i)

no

—_

149

41.—CNICUS.
Key to species.

Leaves mostly linear, white beneath... 1. chinensis.
Leaves mostly pinnatfid, usually green 2. japonicus.

. C. chinensis, Maxim. ; Cirsium chinense, Gard. et Champ. ;

Benth. Fl. Hongk. 168. Mt. Gough and Mt. Victoria,
Hongkong ; Lienchow River. FI. purple, November.

. C. japonicus, Mazim.; Cirsium japonicum, DC. Prodr. vi. 640.

Mt. Victoria and Cape d’Aguilar, Hongkong; Lantao
Island, Hongkong New Territory; river banks near
Swatow ; Canton; Lofoushan. FI. purple, A pril-December.

42._SAUSSUREA.
Key to species.

. Leaves white beneath ... ee ww. 1, affinis.
Leaves green ... the wes ae 2.

. Leaves triangular-cordate ... .» | 2, triangulata,
Leaves linear-lanceolate ive ws 3. japonica.

. 8. affinis, Spreng.; S. carthamoides, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 168.

At Chaiwan and Mt. Parker south, Hongkong. FL.
purple, November-April.

. 8. triangulata, Trauty.et Meyer in Middendorit’s Reise, Fl. Ochot.

58. Lofoushan at 3300 ft. FI. purple, September.

. 8. japonica, DC.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 167. Mt. Kellet, Long

Wave Bay and Repulse Bay, Hongkong ; Centre Isle,
Hongkong New Territory ; Canton; Macao. FI. purple,
November.

43.—AINSLIAEA.
Key to species.

Leaves linear ... sa i ve 1. Walkeri.
Leaves ovate, cordate ... oe w» 2. fragrans.

A. Walkeri, Hook. f. in Bot. Mag. t. 6225. Hongkong without
locality ; hills near Chaochaufu? FI. white, April.

A. fragrans, Champ.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 192. Victoria Peak
and Little Hongkong, Hongkong ; Maénshan, Hongkong
New Territory ; Swatow. Fl. white, November.

44.—GERBERA.

. G. piloselloides, Cass.; Benth. 1, c. 191. Mt. Victoria, Mt.

Gough, Mt. Kellet and Stanley, Hongkong ; hill
Chaochaufu. FI. white, March.’ Bote sie

45.—LAPSANA.

. L, apogonoides, Maxim. in Mél. Biol. ix. 20. Fields near

Chaochaufu. FI. yellow, April.

—

. Beak fine, half the length of achene =
. Leaves pedatisect was a os
. Leaves abruptly or hastately ovate ...

. Upper and lower leaves ovate... ave

150

46.—CREPIS.

. C. japonica, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 194. Roadsides and waste
places, Hongkong ; common weed, Canton. FI. yellow, Mar.

47.—TARAXACUM.

. T. officinale, Web.; TJ. Dens-leonis, Desf. ; Benth. 1. c. 192. In
cultivated ground, Hongkong. FI. yellow, April.

48.—LACTUCA.

Key to species.

. Achenes compressed

Achenes cylindric ie aia ies 2.
4.

. Stems creeping ... ae

Stems not creeping...

oo

versicolor.
denticulata.
wie ee . repens.

Leaves usually undivide vs ‘ite 5.

4. stolonifera,
Leaves obovate, entire or lyrate .. 5, debilis.

6. elata.
Upper leaves linear, lower pinnatifid 7. brevirostris.

Beak short, thick

Varo

. L. versicolor, Schultz-Bip. ; Ixeris versicolor, DC.; Benth. Fl.

Hongk. 193. Pokfulam conduit, Hongkong; hill near
Chaochaufu. FI. yellow, March—October.

L. denticulata, Maxim. ; Izeris ramosissima, A. Gray ; Benth.
l. c. 193. Victoria Peak, Hongkong; Lantao Island,
Hongkong New Territory ; Swatow; Kwaisin, Hoifung.
FI. yellow, March-November.

. L. repens, Maxim.; Ixeris repens, A. Gray; Benth. 1. c. 194.

At Sheko, Hongkong ; Lamma Island, Hongkong New
Territory ; Pakhoi. Fil. yellow, January, August.

. L. stolonifera, Mazim. in Mél. Biol. ix. 364. At East Point
and Sheko, Hongkong. Fl. yellow, April.

. L. debilis, Maxim. ; Izeris debilis, A. Gray ; Benth. Fl. Hongk.
193. On the seacoast without locality, Hongkong ;
Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory; fields near
Swatow. Fl. yellow, April.

. L.elata, Hemsl. Enum. Pl. China. i. 481. Swatow ; Sanning.
Fl. yellow, July.

. L. brevirostris, Champ. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 192. Hongkong
without locality, Shameen, Canton ; Sanning ; Lienchow
River ; Pakhoi. FI. yellow, August-December.

49.—SONCHUS.

Key to species,

Auricles of leaves acute

1 1. oleraceus.
Auricles rounded eas

2. arvensis.

161

1. 8. oleraceus, Linn. ; Benth, Fl. Hongk. 194. In waste and
cultivated places, Hongkong; abundant weed in waste
places, Canton. Fl. yellow, March.

2. S. arvensis, Linn.; DC. Prodr. vii. 187. Hongkong without
locality. Fl. yellow,

50.-LAUNAEA

1, L. pinnatifida, Cass. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iii. 416. Sheko,
Hongkong ; sandy seashore at Paksha in the extreme
south of Kwangtung. FI. yellow, February, August.

STYLIDIACEAE.
1.—STYLIDIUM.
Key to species.
Leaves rosulate, orbicular_... ww. 1. uliginosum.
Leaves scattered, oblong aes ve 2. tenellum.

1. 8. uliginosum, Swartz; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 195. In swampy
ground on the hills above Chaiwan, Hongkong ; Lantao,
Hongkong New Territory ; Swatow ; Pakhoi. F. white,
November.

2. 8. tenellum, Swartz; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind.
iii. 420. Hongkong without locality ; swamps near
Hoifung. FI. pink, October.

GOODENIACEAE.

1.—SCAEVOLA.
Key to species.

Leaves ligulate ; small under-shrub .... 1. hatnanensis.
Leaves obovate ; large shrub ... «2, Koenigii.

1. 8. hainanensis, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1873, 229. At Stanley,
and Hoktsui, Hongkong; Ngautaukok, Plovers’ Cove
and Castle Peak, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. white,
January.

2, §.Koenigii, Vahl; S. Lobelia, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 198. Common
on the south shores of the island, Hongkong; Kuntong,
Hongkong New Territory. FI. white, July.

CAMPANULACEAE.
Key to genera.
1. Corolla irregular is at wie 2,
Corolla regular ... sia si ve 3.
2. Fruit a berry ... aie aes .. 2. Pratia.

Fruit a capsule... en iis .. 3. Lobelia.

m 0

. P. begonifolia, Lindl. ;

. L. radicans, Thunb. ;

152

. Flowers distinct one aa ae 4.
Flowers in compact spikes... 8. Sphenoclea.

. Corolla tube 2-4 inches long, slender... 1. Isotoma.
Corolla campanulate ie ie 5.

. Stem twining ... 6.
Stem erect or decumbent ts
Leaves lanceolate 6. Codonopsis.
Leaves cordate .. ... 7. Campanumaea.
Flowers terminal, 2 inches diameter - 5. a ell
Flowers under 1 inch diameter
Flowers subsessile 7 9. Gn ain
Flowers on slender pedicels 9.
Flowers mostly solitary terminal 4, Wahlenbergia.
Flowers racemose or paniculate 10. Adenophora.

1.—ISOTOMA.
. I. longiflora, Presl; DC. Prodr. vii. 413. On walls and

roadsides, Hongkong. Fl. white, September.

2.—PRATIA.

Fl. Hongk. 196.

Piddingtonia Nummularia, DC. ; Benth.
Hongkong without locality ; 3 'Taimo-

shan, Hongkong New Territory ; Lofoushan. Fl. purplish
blue, February.
3.—LOBELIA.
Key to species.
Corolla lobes about equal in length,
anthers all bearded at apex wee 2.
Corolla lobes unequal, 2 anthers only
bearded ws l. radicans.
. Leaves ovate or orbicular 2. affinis.
Leaves narrow-lanceolate or linear 3. chinensis.

Clarke in Hook. £. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 425.

. L. affinis, Wall. ;

. L. chinensis, ZLour.; DC. Prodr.

On Victoria Peak and at Taitam Tuk, Hongkong;
Lantao Island and Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory ;
Hoifung ; Lienchow River. FI]. pinkish, September.
Clarke 1. c. 424. Hongkong in ricefields and
ravines ; Phoenix Mt. and near Yit-hai village, Swatow ;
Dane’s Island, Whampoa. FI]. white, April.

vi. 360.
Swatow ;

Fi. blue, March—A pril.

Wet places ;
Hongkong without locality ; near Canton ;

Pakhoi.

4.—W AHLENBERGIA.

. W. gracilis, d. DC.; W. agrestis, A. DC. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk.
197. Hongkong without locality ; “Lantao Island and
Kwaichong, Hongkong New Territory; Pakhoi. FI.
blue, March—August.

153 -

5.—PLATYCODON.

1, P. grandiflorus, A. DC.; Wahlenbergia grandiflora, Schrad. ;
Benth. Fl. Hongk. 197. Common on the south side of the
island, Hongkong; Swatow. Fl. deep blue, August—
December.

6.—CODONOPSIS.

1. C. lanceolata, Benth. et Hook.f. ; Campanumaea lanceolata, Sieb.
et Zucc. Fl. Jap.i.174. Lofoushan. FI. violet-coloured,
July—September.

7.—CAMPANUMAEA.

1. C. pilosula, Franch. Pl, David, i. 192. Taimoshan, Hongkong
New Territory; North River. FI. yellowish-white,
October.

8.—SPHENOCLEA.

1, 8. zeylanica, Gaertn.; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iti.
438. In damp cultivated ground at East Point and Little
Hongkong, Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong New
Territory ; Hoifung. Fl. white, July.

9.—CAMPANULA.
Key to species.

1. Flowers subsessile _... we we LL. fulgens.
Flowers on slender pedicels... «+ 2. veronicifolia.

1. 0. fulgens, Wail.; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iii. 442.
Lienchow River; North River. Fl. blue, November.

2. C. veronicifolia, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1871, 133. North River.
Fl. pale blue, February.

10.—ADENOPHORA.

1. A. verticillata, Fisch.; DC. Prodr. vii. 492. North River.
Fl. blue, November.

VACCINIACEAE.

Key to species.

Racemes bracteate

4 aoe l. bracteatum.
Racemes destitute of bracts

j a 2, tteophyllum.

1—VACCINIUM.

1. V. bracteatum, Thunb.; V. chinense, Champ.; Benth. FI,
Hongk. 199. In the Happy Valley woods, Causeway
Bay and Little Hongkong, Hongkong; Plovers’ Cove
Hongkong New Territory ; Lienchow River; Lofoushan,
Fl. white, July. ;
2. V. iteophyllum, Hance in Aun. Sci. Nat. sér. 4, xviii, 293
Slopes of Phoenix Mt., Swatow. FI. white, May. ‘ ;

154

ERICACEAE.
Key to genera.
1 Shrub ... ree oe ae ies 2.
Herb... ots eee as .. 5. Pyrola.
2. Petals distinct ... ane aes we 4, Clethra.
Corolla gamopetalous ... se ~ 3.
3. Anthers spurred ie ae 4,
Anthers without basal spurs aya 3. Rhododendron.
4, Flowers racemose : ees we OL. Pieris.
Flowers umbellate ee ae .. 2. Enkianthus.
1.—PIERIS.
Key to species.
Leaves oval, entire... w. 1. ovalifolia.
Leaves linear lanceolate, serrate -. 2, Swinhoei.

eae we 8
. Pedicels hairy ... Re ins we 4. Westlandii.
x

. Leaves obtuse at apex ..

. Adult leaves glabrous beneath |

P, ovalifolia, D. Don; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv
460. On top of the White Cloud hills, Canton ; Nort!
River. Fl]. white, A pril.

. P. Swinhoei, Hemsi. Enum. Pl. China, ii.17. Swatow Disti

Fl. cream-coloured, April.

2.—ENKIANTHUS.

. EB. quinqueflorus, Lour.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 200. Abundan

on the hills, Hongkong ; top of the Phoenix Mt. an
near Chaochaufu. Fl. pink, February.

3.—RHODODENDRON.
Key to species.

. Leaves glabrous ‘ 2.
Leaves hirsute or scaly 7.

. Leaves white beneath with reticulate

markings ... oi ae 3.

Leaves green on both sides ia _ 4,

. Leaves acute l. Farrerae.
Leaves very obtuse ee + 2. Fordii.

. Leaves acute at base ... ih iss 5.

Leaves obtuse at base ... . ovatum.

Pedicels glabrous fe sis 6.

. Simiarum.

Leaves acute... -- 6. Henryi.

. Leaves more than 4 inches long 7. Championae.
Leaves less than 2 inches long sits 8.

. Corolla tube cylindric, narrow «. 8 Mariae.
Corolla funnel-shaped .. =< 9.

_

a . Farrerae.
Adult leaves hairy beneath ... we 9, indicum,

155

. R. Farrerae, Tate ; Azalea squamata, Lindl.; Benth. Fl.
Hongk. 201. Common on the hill tops, Hongkong ; Lantao
Island, Hongkong New Territory ; on the lower slopes of
the Phoenix Mt., Swatow. FI. pink, March.

. R. Fordii; Hemsl. in Kew Bull. 1894, 5. Lantao Island at
1600 ft. and Maénshan, Hongkong New Territory; on
the top of the Phoenix Mt., Swatow. Fl. pale rose, April.

3. R. ovatum, Planch. ; Azalea ovata, Lindl.; Benth. Fl. Hongk.

201. Rare on Mt. Nicholson, Hongkong ; Mountain above
Ookaisa at 2400 ft. Fl. white with purple specks, April.
. R. Westlandii, Hemsl. Enum. Pl. China ii. 31. lLantao at
2500 ft., Hongkong New Territory ; on the summit of the
Phoenix Mt., Swatow. FI. white or lilac-coloured, April.
. R. Simiarum, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1884, 22. Lofoushan at
3200 ft. Fl. rosy white, May.

. R. Henryi, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1881, 243. At the bottom
and top of the Phoenix Mt., Swatow; North River. FI.
pink, March.

. R. Championae, Hook.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 200. Rare on Mt.
Victoria and Mt. Gough, Hongkong ; Maénshan, Hong-
kong New Territory. Fl. white or pink tinged with
yellow, April.

. R. Mariae, Hance in Journ... Bot. 1882; 230. Lienchow River ;
Filoitze, near Tsingyune, North River. F 1. lilac-coloured,
December-A pril.

. R. indicum, Sweet ; Azalea indica, Linn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk.
201. Common on the banks of streams and tops of hills,
Hongkong; on the hills to the north of Kowloon City
and on Lantao island, Hongkong New Territory; hill
near Chaochaufu and Phoenix Mt., Swatow. Fl. deep
pink or red, March.

4.—CLETHRA.

. C. canescens, Reinw.; C. Fabri, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1883,
130. On the Lanfa Mt., Hoifung; Lofoushan. FI.
white ?, September.

5.—PYROLA.

. P. rotundifolia, Zinn. ; DC. Prodr. vii. 772. On the Lanfa
Mt., Hoifung, at 3000 ft. FI. reddish, June.

PLUMBAGINACEAE.
Key to genera.
Scapose herb... <a se . 1. Statice,
Stem tall, leafy... one ois +» 2. Plumbago.
1.—STATICE.

1. 8. sinensis, Girard; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 281. At North Point,
Hongkong; Lantao Island and near Kowloon City,
Hongkong New Territory ; Pakhoi. Fl. white, March.

156

2.—PLUMBAGO.

1. P. zeylanica, Linn. ; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iu. 480.
In hedges near Stanley, Hongkong; near Santin and
Lamma Island, Hongkong New Territorf; Hoifung ;
Pakhoi ; Lienchow River. Fl. white, September.

PRIMULACEAE.
Key to genera.

1. Ovary free hy ae 0 sie 2
Ovary adnate to the calyx... .. 5, Samolus.
2. Corolla lobes imbricated, some to le

some to right ae aoe sas 4,
Corolla lobes contorted aoe ees 3.
3. Capsule opening by cap at top w. 4," Anagallis.
Capsule opening at sides ate .. 3. Lysimachia.
4, Flowers racemose “8 — ... 2. Stimpsonia.
Flowers umbellate —.... sis w. 1. Androsace.

1—ANDROSACE.
1. A. saxifragaefolia, Bunge; DC. Prodr. viii. 53. Swatow.
Lienchow River. FI. white, March.

2.—STIMPSONIA.

1. S. chamaedryoides, C. Wright in Mem. Amer. Acad. ser. 2, vi.
401. Swatow. FI. white, April.

3.—LYSIMACHIA.
Key to species.

1. Flowers solitary, axillary ; stem from a

basal rosette tay is .- 1. adpestris.
Flowers racemose or umbellate ww 2.
2. Flowers racemose oc ae eee 3.
Flowers in crowded leafy umbel dies 1:
3. Stamens longer than corolla ... w+ 2. decurrens.
Stamens shorter than corolla ... ae 4,
4. Leaves auriculate, sessile —... .. 3. paludicola.
Leaves narrowed at the base ... ie 5.
5. Pedicels more than thrice as long as
the fruit... ss oo w» 4, candida,
Pedicels less than twice as long as the
fruit Big: as ee. 6.
6. Plant glabrous ... ~ sie lt

tee 8.
Plant puberulous see re 5. clethroides.
7. Floral leaves similar to cauline 6. cephalantha.
Floral leaves bractiform — .. 7, Fordiana.
8. Corolla lobes thrice longer than tube 8. mauritiana.
Corolla lobes thrice shorter than tube 9. Fortunei.

157

1, L. alpestris, Champ.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 202. Damp places
in the Happy Valley woods, on Victoria Peak and
elsewhere, Hongkong. FI. yellow, April.

2. L. decurrens, G. Forst.; L. javanica, Blume; Hook. f. FI.
Brit. Ind. iii. 502. Swatow ; Sainam on the West River ;
Fookwing near Hongkong on the Canton River. Fl.
white, May.

3. L. paludicola, Hems/. Enum. Pl. ‘China, ii. 54. White Cloud
hills, Canton; Fookwing on the Canton River near
Hongkong. Fl. white, June.

4, L. candida, Lindl.; L obovata, Ham.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind.
iii, 502. In a swamp at Hast Point, Hongkong ; Swatow ;
in fallow damp or dry rice fields, Canton; Macao. FI.
white, March.

5. L. clethroides, Duby in DC. Prodr. viii. 61. Canton. Fi.
white, June.

6. L. cephalantha, Knuth; Pax et Knuth in Engl. Pflanzenr.
Primul. 284. Macao. FI. yellow, ——.

7. L. Fordiana, Oliver in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1983. North River ;
Lienchow River. Fl. yellow, May—June.

8. L. mauritiana, Lam.; Pax et Knuth in Engl. Pflanzenr.
Primul. 273. Swatow. FI. white or yellowish, July.

9. L. Fortunei, Mazim. in Mél. Biol. vi. 270. In shady damp
situations on the Pokfulam Road, Hongkong; Kwaisin, Hoi-
fung ; Lienchow River; Namkong River. FJ. white, May.

4.—ANAGALLIS.
1, A. arvensis, Linn. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iti. 506. A weed in the
Botanic Gardens, Hongkong ; Swatow. FI. blue, February.
5.—SAMOLUS.

1. 8. Valerandi, Zinn.; Hook. f. |. c. 506. Lienchow River.
Fl. white, August.

MYRSINACEAE.

Key to genera.
1. Ovary half adnate to calyx ... we 1. Maesa.

Ovary free ‘ais aia ae aie 2.
2. Flowers sessile or umbellate at the apex
of short scaly branches ... «. 2 Rapanea.

Flowers umbellate or racemose, not on

special shoots : aie ane 3.
3. Anthers multicellular, flowers large
umbellate ... as aie .. 5, Aegiceras.
Anthers bilocular a 4

4, Corolla large, gamopetalous, contorted 4. Ardisia.
Corolla small, polypetalous, imbricate 3. Embelia

158

1..-MAESA.
Key to species.
. Flowers 4ths tubular ... oe . 1. Doraena.
Flowers 3ths or less tubular ... sian 2.
. Leaves glabrous ‘ “ «2, tenera.
Leaves hairy on nerves ‘telow.. .- 3, sinensis.

. M. Doraena, Blume ; M. coriacea, —— ; Benth. Fl. Hongl
204, Common in the island, Hongkong ; Lantao Islanc
Hongkong New Territory. Fl. cream-coloured, January—
March.

2. M. tenera, Mez in Engl. Pflanzenr. Myrsin. 28. Lanta

Island, Hongkong New Territory; Macao. Fl. white
March.

. M. sinensis, 4.DC.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 203. Very commo
in woods and ravines, Hongkong; Lantao Island am
Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory; slopes of th
Phoenix Mt. and hill near Chaochaufu, Swatow ; Ookaisa
Fl. white, March.

2.—RAPANEA.
Key to species.

Pedicels 0 ar ise «» 1. eapitellata.
Pedicels 2-3 lines long... ase we = 2. Playfairii.

. R. capitellata, Mez ; Myrsine capitellata, Wall.; Benth. F]
Hongk. 205. Common on the sides of streams, Hong
kong; Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory. 3
white, March.

. R. Playfairii, Mez; Myrsine Playfairiit, Hemsl. Enum. P})
China, ii. 61. Hongkong New Territory without locality
Pakhoi. Fl. ——.

3.—EMBELIA.
Key to species.

. Flowers in a terminal panicle... we lL. Rides.
Flowers in lateral inflorescences oe 2.
. Leaves entire ... ass sis aes 3.
Leaves serrate ... 2. oblongifolia.
. Leaves orbicular-elliptic, less than 1
inch long... ; sie «- 3. myrtifolia.
Leaves over 1 inch long is 4,
. Leaves reticulate beneath ... sae 5.
Veins of leaves inconspicuous.. — 6.
. Branches nearly glabrous 4, nervosa.
Branches densely tomentose at ends . 5. Fordii,
. Leaves 1-1} inches; sepals papillose o on
margins a 6. longifolia.
Leaves 2-3 inches ; sepal. margins naked 7. obovata,

ww

. Sepals fringed with long hairs

. Leaf margins with regular distan

. Sepals minutely ciliate throughout

. Style base and top of ovary minutely

159

. BE. Ribes, Burm. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 204. Common in ravines,

Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hahang, Hongkong New
Territory ; hill near Chaochaufu ; Lofoushan. FI. white,
January. :

E. oblongifolia, Hems?. Enum. Pl. China, ii.62. Taimoshan at
1500 ft., Hongkong New Territory ; Lienchow River ;
North River; Lofoushan at 300 ft. Fl. white, Novem-
ber—February.

. E. myrtifolia, Hemsl. et Mez ; Mez in Engl. Pflanzenr. Myrsin.

323. Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory ; top of the
Phoenix Mt., Swatow. FI. white, December.

. E, nervosa, 4.DC.; DC. Prodr. viii. 87. Pakhoi. Fl. —.

E. Fordii, Mez in Engl. Pflanzenr. Myrsin. 326. Lienchow
River. FI. , August.

E. longifolia, Hemsi.; Samara longifolia, Benth. Fl, Hongk.
205. Little Hongkong and Mt. Nicholson, Hongkong ;
Lantao Island at 1500 ft., Hongkong New Territory. Fl.
green, April.

. E. obovata, Hemsl.; Samara obovata, Benth. 1.c. 205. Common

in ravines, Hongkong; Hahang, Hongkong New Terri-
tory ; hill near Chaochaufu ; Canton; Macao; Pakhoi.
FI. yellowish-white, March.

4.—ARDISIA.

Key to species.

. Leaves acutely and densely serrate ... 2.
Leaves crenate or entire 5.
. Leaves in a basal rosette aes 3.
Stem elongated, leafy ... seis Ses 4,
. Hairs on leaves not bulbous ... : . primulaefolia.

. mamillata.
. pusilla.

. chinensis.

Hairs on leaves bulbous at base

H Oo bo

Sepals not fringed with hairs ... ie

glands eee vee ane
Leaf margins not so provided...

PN

Sepals eciliate or ciliate at tip only ...

hairy . punctata.

or ive 6
Ovary and style glabrous we = 7 affinis.
8. Petals glandular ave one w» 8, evispa.
Petals egladular — .. 9. Hanceana.
9. Flowers + inch in diam. pee -» 10. guinguegona.

—

Flowers 4 inch in diam. aa ; b. humilis,

. A. primulaefolia, Gardn. et Champ.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 207.

In grassy places in ravines on Mt. Victoria, Mt. Gough
and Mt. Parker, Hongkong; Hahang, Hongkong New
Territory ; Lanfa Mt., Hoifung; Lofoushan. FI. pink,

June.

10.

A,

160

mamillata, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1884, 290. Kwaisin,
Hoifung : Lienchow River ; Lofoushan. Fl. pink, April.

A. pusilla, A.DC.; DC. Prodr. viii. 137. In ravimes on the

south of Mt. Parker, Hongkong ; Iiantao Island at 2000
ft., Hongkong New Territory ; Lienchow River; Lung-
mun 100 miles N.E. of Canton. FI. white? June.

A. chinensis, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 207. In a ravine of Mt.

Victoria, Hongkong ; Lienchow River. Fl. white ? June.

A. humilis, Vahl; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iii. 529.

Swatow; Macao. Fl. pink, ——.

A. punctata, Zindl.; Mez in Engl. Pflanzenr. Myrsin. 142.

In the Happy Valley woods and on Mt. Victoria,
Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Ukautin and Madénshan,
Hongkong New Territory ; Lienchow River. Fl. white
speckled with mauve, J une—September.

A. affinis, Hemsl. Enum. Pl. China, ii. 63. Kwangtung

without locality. F1.——.

A. crispa, A.DC.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 206. On Victoria

Peak, near the Buddhist Temple, Causeway Bay, and
elsewhere, Hongkong; Lantao Island and Taimoshan,
Hongkong New Territory ; Phoenix Mt., Swatow. FI.
white spotted with purple, June.

. Hanceana, Mez in Engl. Pilanzenr. Myrsin. 149. In the

Happy Valley and Little Hongkong woods, in a ravine
below Sheko Gap, Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong
New Territory ; Lofoushan. Fl]. white with purple spots,
June.

. quinquegona, Blume; A. paucifiora, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 206.

Common in woods, Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hongkong
New Territory ; Swatow; Hoifung; Lofoushan. Fl.
white, May.

5.—AEGICERAS.

. A. majus, Gaertn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 208. Taitam Tuk and

Little Hongkong in salt-water marshes, Hongkong ;
Lamma Island, Taipo and Port Shelter, Hongkong New
Territory ; hill near Chaochaufu. FI. white, April.

SAPOTACEAE.

Key to genera.

. Leaf veins very close and parallel... 1. Chrysophyllum.
Leaf veins distant, reticulate ... a 2:
. Flowers racemose ae oF .. 2. Sarcosperma.

Flowers fasciculate ... ie «. 3, Sideroxylon.

1—CHRYSOPHYLLUM.

1. C. Roxburghii, G. Don; Clarke in Hook. f, Fl. Brit. Ind. iii.

535. In the Happy Valley woods, Hongkong. FI. ——,
August.

161

2.—SARCOSPERMA.

Key to species.

Leaves ovate, acute at base ... we 1. pedunculata.
tLeaves linear-lanceolate cuneate .. 2. laurina.
1. 8. pedunculata, Hemsil. Enum. Pl. China. ii. 68. Lienchow
River. Fl. ——. |

2. 8. laurina, Hook. f.; Reptonia laurina, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 208.
Wongneichong and Aberdeen New Road, Hongkong ;
Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory ; Tingushan on
the West River. Fl. white, October.

3.—SIDEROXYLON.

1. 8. Wightianum, Hook. ef Arn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 209. On
Mt. Victoria and at Taitam Tuk, Hongkong; Lantao
Island and Majénshan, Hongkong New Territory ;
Hoifung ; Macao. FI. white, November.

EBENACEAE.

1—DIOSPYROS.
Key to species.

1. Sepals linear ; leaves 1-14 inches long 1. vaccinioides.
Sepals lanceolate or ovate; leaves 2-5

inches long ... sate sie ie 2.
2. Corolla glabrous — xe oe 3.
Corolla hairy... ca ae 4,
3. Male corolla divided halfway ... 3. Lotus.
Male corolla divided }... ste w= 5. Morrisiana.
4, Leaves broadly ovate ... vi we 4, Kaki.
Leaves narrow-lanceolate wis .» 2. eriantha.

1. D. vaccinioides, Lindl. ; Rospidios vaceinioides, A.DC.; Benth.
Fl. Hongk. 210, Common on the hills, Hongkong ;
Tailamchung, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. white, May.

2. D. eriantha, Champ.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 210. At Wongneichong
Gap, Pokfulam ravine and ravines about Deepwater Bay,
Hongkong. Fl. white, July.

3. D. Lotus, Zinn. ; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iii. 555.
Paddy fields near Chaochaufu, Swatow. FI. white, June.

4, D. Kaki, Linn. f.; Clarke 1. c. 555. On Victoria Peak on the
Shaukiwan-Taitam Road and elsewhere, naturalised,
Hongkong ; hillside Kwaisin, Hoifung. Fl. white, April.

5, D. Morrisiana, Hance; Benth. FJ. Hongk. 210. On Mts.
Victoria, Gough and Parker, Hongkong; Lantao Island,
Hongkong New Territory. Fl. white, May.

21515 L

18.

19.

162

STYRACACEAE.

Key to genera.

. Ovary superior ...

Ovary inferior ...

. Seeds winged

Seeds wingless ...

1—SYMPLOCOS.
Key to species.

. Stamens connate

Stamens free

. Leaves mostly hairy above _ calyx

villous
Leaves all glabrous above

. Flowers in sessile or stalked Peactelax.,

Flowers in racemes or spikes ...

. Branchlets glabrous

Branchlets pubescent or ferrugineous...

. Calyx lobes twice the length of the tube

Calyx lobes equal to the tube..

. Leaves entire

Leaves toothed ..

. Leaves soon glabrous on + both wide

Leaves lous beneath

. Lower flowers in raceme sessile or sib

sessile
Lower flowers distinctly ‘stalked

. Leaves rounded above ..

Leaves acuminate

. Adult leaves glabrous ..

Adult leaves hairy beneath

. Flowers in terminal and axillary

panicles
Flowers in axillary racemes

. Midrib prominent above

Midrib impressed above

. Leaves 4 inches or more long ..

Leaves less than 4 inches long

. Leaves 14 inches wide or less..

Leaves usually more than 14 "inches
wide... _

. Calyx hairy

Calyx glabrous

. Adult racemes glabrous |

Adult racemes pilose

. Twigs hairy

Twigs ferrugineous and hairy...
Adult leaves chartaceous
Adult leaves coriaceous
Racemes much compound
Racemes simple or nearly so ..

wrwr

i

“ID Oe

2.

. Symplocos.
. Alniphyllum.
. Styrax.

confusa,
2:

. sinica.

3.

ston ow

. congesta,

. cuspidata,

. adenopus.

. glandulifera,
. Fordit.

9.
18.

. propingud.
10.

12.
11.

. ferruginea.
. mollifolia.
. crasstfolia,

. ner jifolia,

17.

. ferruginea,
. spleata,
. microcarpa.

Ve.

. lancifolia,
. fulvipes,

1.

. decora,

20,

. urceolaris,

163

20. Calyx tube glabrous or subglabrous ... 19. erataegoides.
Calyx tube villous... se .. 2, sinica.

1. 8. confusa, Brand in Engl. Pflanzenr. Symploc. 88. Lantao
Island, Hongkong New Territory; Lofoushan, FI.
white, February.

2. 8. sinica, Ker; DC. Prodr. viii. 258. Hongkong New
Territory without locality ; Lienchow River ; West River.
Fl. white, May. i

3. S. congesta, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 211. In the Happy Valley
woods and near Sheko, Hongkong; Swatow; Sanning.
Fl. white, November.

4. S.cuspidata, Brand in Engl. Pflanzenr. Symploc. 69. Swatow;
North River. Fl. white, November.

5. 8. adenopus, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1883, 322. Lofoushan.
Fl. white, September.

6. 8. glandulifera, Brand in Engl. Pflanzenr. Symploc. 68.
Kwangtung. Fi, ——.

7. 8. Fordii, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1882, 78. Victoria Peak and
Happy Valley, Hongkong. FI. white, November.

8. 8. propinqua, Hance |. c. 1868, 329. Near the monastery
north of the town of Shuitung, 25 miles east of Kwang-
chow Bay. FI. white?, November.

9. 8. ferruginea, Roxd.; Clarke in Hook. f. FI. Brit. Ind. ii. 574.
Swatow; southern coast region of Kwangtung. Fl.
white ?, June.

10. 8. mollifolia, Dunn sp. n., quoad inflorescentia, S. decoram,
Hance refert sed floribus minoribus foliisque mollibus
recedit.

Frutex ramis primo ferrugineo-velutinis diu glabris. Foha
oblongo-ovata, apice basique acuta, 5°5—6°5 cm. longa,
crebre serrata, coriacea, supra glabra, nitentia, subtus
molliter hirsuta, nervis utringue 5—6, irregularibus ;
petioli 4 mm. longi. Spicae axillares, 3—5 cm. longae,
rachi dense ferruginea. Flores subsessiles, 5 mm. longi,
7 mm. lati; bracteae et bracteolae ovatae, 1°5 mm. longae,
tomentosae. Calyx fere glaber, 2 mm. longus, lobis tubum
aequantibus ovatis obtusis. Corolla rotata, alba, glabra,
lobis rotundatis basi brevissime connatis et staminibus
adnatis. Stamina corolla sesquilongiora. Stylus lobis
corollae fere aequilongus. Fructus ignotus.

Shekchiliu near Chaochautu, 10.4.1909. Dunn’s Han Expedition.

11. 8. crassifolia, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 212. On Mts. Victoria and
Keliet and in the Happy Valley woods, Hongkong ;
Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. white,
October to December.

12. S. neriifolia, Seb. et Zucc. Fl. Jap. Fam. Nat. ii. 10. Lareg
tree in woods near Cape d’Aguilar and on Mt. Parker
south, Hongkong ; close to the village of Paksawan, Hong-
rons New Territory ; Lienchow River. FI. cream-coloured,
vune.

13. 8. spicata, Roxd.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 212. Wongneichong,
Hongkong ; Kowloon Pass and Taimoshan, Hongkong

91615 L 2

14,

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

Ww

164

New Territory ; Kwaisin, Hoifung; near the White
Cloud Monastery, Canton: Lofoushan. Fl. white, June
to September. :

S. microcarpa, Champ.; Benth. 1. c. 212. Mt. Nicholson,
Hongkong. FI. white, October. ;

S. lancifolia, Sie. et Zuec.; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind.
iii. 577. Castle Peak, Hongkong New Territory ; in a
small wood near the White Cloud Monastery, Canton ;
Lofoushan. FI. white, October. :

S. fulvipes, Brand in Engl. Pflanzenr. Symploc. 41. White
Cloud hills, Canton. FI. white, : a

S. decora, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1874, 369. On Victoria Peak.
Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory,
Fl. white, March. ;

S. urceolaris, Hance 1. c. 1876, 307. Sanning ; West River.
FI. ‘

8. crataegoides, Ham. ; Clarke in Hook. f. FI. Brit. Ind. i. 573.
Castle Peak, Hongkong New Territory ; Lofoushan. FI.
white, March.

2.—ALNIPHYLLUM.

. A. pterospermum, Mats.; Perkins in Engl. Pflanzenr. Styrac.

93. A single tree on Mt. Nicholson, Hongkong ; Lantao
Island, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. white, March.

3.—STYRAX.
Key to species.
. Leaves densely tomentose beneath ... 4.
Leaves glabrous or thinly hairy beneath 2.
. Corolla valvate... se vee a8 3.
Corolla imbricate so .. 3. odoratissimum.
. Inflorescence shortly loosely tomentose 2. serrulatum.
Inflorescence very closely tomentose... 4. Faberi.
Petiole 4 inch long, glabrous .. 1. suberifolium,
Petiole under } inch, tomentose 5. molles.

. 8. suberifolium, Hook. et Arn.: Benth. Fl. Hongk. 213. In

the Happy Valley woods, on Mt. Wellet and near
Pokfulam, Hongkong. FI. white, April.

. 8. serrulatum, Roxb.; Clarke in Hook. f. F), Brit. Ind. iii.

588. Kwangtung? FI.

. 8. odoratissimum, Champ.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 213. Mts.

Victoria_ and Gough, Causeway Bay and Pokfulam
ravine, Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong New Terri-
tory ; Kwaisin, Hoifung ; Lofoushan. Fl. white, April.

. 8. Faberi, Perkins in Engl. Pflanzenr. Sivrac. 33. Lantao

Island, Hongkong New Territory ; in dense woods on the
N, River ; Northwest River; Lienchow River; White
Cloud hills near Canton; Macao. Fl. white, April.

s, eee Dunn in Kew. Bull. 1911, 273. Lofoushan,

165

OLEACEAE.

Key to genera.

1. Fruit didymous ve ; we 1, Jasminum.
Fruit terete... ie we Kas 2.

2. Leaves pinnate ... ns sa w= 2. Fraxinus.
Leaves simple ... me ee aes 3.

3. Corolla tubular ... sis 0 sea 4.
Corolla polypetalous ... — ww» 4. Chionanthus.

4, Inflorescence terminal ... 56 we 5. Ligustrum,
Inflorescence axillary ... ne .. 3. Osmanthus.

1—JASMINUM.
Key to species.

1. Leaves simple ... 2.
Leaves compound 3.

2. Leaves 3-nerved 5.
Leaves penninerved 4.

3. Leaves glabrous ee wa 6.
Leaves softly pubescent beneath . 1. sinense.

4. Calyx teeth 4-5 lines long... a. 2, thornatum.
Calyx teeth 2 lines long re 8. undulatum.

On

~I

. Leaves oval-rotund

. Leaves orbicular-ovate ; inflorescenc

terminal sv ie ve 4, subtriplinerve.
Leaves lanceolate; inflorescence axillary. 5. laurifolium.
6. pachyphyllum,
T

Leaves lanceolate . paniculatum.

. J. sinense, Hemsl. Enum. Pl. China, ii. 80. Swatow ; Lienchow

River. Fl. white, August.

. J. inornatum, Hemsl. 1. c. 78. Kwangtung without locality.

FL. white, August.

. J. undulatum, Ker ; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iit. 596.

Hongkong without locality ; Whampoa ; Macao ; Pakhoi;
Lienchow River; North River. Fil. white, August—
December.

J. subtriplinerve, Blume ; Clarke 1. c. 596. Lienchow River ;
North River. Fl. white, September—November.

. J. laurifolium, Rozb.; Clarke 1. c. 597. On northwest of

Mt. Victoria. FI. white, April.

. J.pachyphyllum, Hems/, Enum. Pl. China, ii. 79. Wongneichong,

Hongkong; Lantao Island and Taimoshan, Hongkong
New Territory ; North River. Fl. white, May.

. J. paniculatum, Rowb.; Benth. FI. Hongk. 214. Rather

common in Hongkong; Lantao Island, Maénshan and
Hahang on exposed hills, Hongkong New Territory. FI.
white, July.

166

2.—FRAXINUS.
Key to species.

Petals 0... a a os wee LL chinensis.
Petals 4... ae «=o, retusa.

1. F. chinensis, Rorb.: DC. Prodr. viii. 277. Sinkong River,
near Canton ; North River. FI. green, March.

2. F. retusa, Champ. ; ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 214. In the Happy
Valley and Little Hongkong woods, Hongkong. FI.
white, March.

3.—-OSMANTHUS.
Key to species.
1. Corolla 3 lines long = wats sie L. fragrans.
Corolla under 2 lines long... 2.

2. Leaves 3-5 inches long, veins impressed

above be 2. marginatus.
Leaves 1 to 23 inches long, veins pro-
minent above a : .. 38. Fordii.

bo

lo

oo

. 0. fragrans, Zour.; Clarke in Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iii. 606.

Kwaisin, Hoifung. FI. cream-coloured, September.

. 0. marginatus, Benth. et Hook. f.; Olea marginata, Champ. :

Benth. Fl. Hongk. 215. In the Happy Valley woods
and on the south side of Mt. Cameron, Hongkong. Fl.
eream-coloured, April.

0. Fordii, Hemsi. Enum. Pl. China, ii. 88. Lienchow River.
Fl. cream-coloured, August.

4.—CHIONANTHUS.

. C. retusus, Lindl.; Maxim. in Mel. Biol. ix. 653. Lantao

Island, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. white, April.

5.—LIGUSTRUM.
Key to species.

1. Inflorescence pubescent ee ae 3.
Inflorescence glabrous ... F ves 2.

2. Leaves ovate-oblong, acuminate wee 2. lucidum,
Leaves oval or ovate, acuminate «3. japonicum.

3. Leaves lanceolate ; petals velvety ... 1. sinense.
Leaves rounded ; petals glabrous... 4. Calleryanum.

1, L. sinense, Zour. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 215. Common in the

bo

a

island, Honskong, Fl. white, March.

aE, lucidum, dit.; DC. Prodr, viii. 293. Kwaisin, Hoifung ;

Lienchow River. Fl. white, May.

. L. japonicum, Thund.; DC. |. c. 293. On Victoria Peak,

Hongkong ; Taniao Island, Hongkong New Territory :
Kwaisin, Hoifung ; Lofoushan, 3100 ft. FL. Mee June.
oi, Calleryanum, Deene. in Nouv, Arch. Mus. Par. sér. 2, ii. 35.
Macao. Fl.

11.

12.

a

wo bv

. M. monogynus, Rozxd. ;

167

APOCYNACEAE.

Key to genera.

. Anthers free from stigma

Anthers connate in cone round stigma
Ovary entire
Ovary bipartite

. Leaves alternate, crowded

Leaves opposite

. Leaves mostly in verticels of 3-4

Leaves opposite, obtuse

. Leaves acuminate

Leaves obtuse ...

. Throat of corolla with soales a

Corolla throat without distinct aeales

. Anthers more or less exserted

Anthers included

. Ovary hidden in the disk

Ovary exserted..

. Corolla lobes linear

Corolla lobes short, ovate

. Anthers exserted ; leaves pubese ent .

Anthers included

Corolla lobes long-tailed
Corolla lobes not tailed ts
Corolla lobes straight-tipped ...
Corolla lobes with tip deflected

1.—MELODINUS.
Key to species.

. Scales of corolla exceedingly short, -

sepals, at least outer ones, acute ...
Scales of corolla 1-14 lines long, sepals
very obtuse..

. Seales of corolla free, lobes longer than

broad 3:
Scales of corolla united to middle, lobes
broader than long ..

Peak and Mt.

2s
6.
1. Melodinus.
3.
4, Cerbera.
4,
5.
5. Vinea.
2. Rauwolfia.
3. Alyxia.
Ts
6. Pottsia.
8.
12.
9.
13. Trachelosper-
mum.
10. Ecdysanthera,
1. Wrightia.
ll.
9. Strophanthus.
8. Nerium.
12. Anodendron.
ll. Ichnocarpus.

1. fusiformis.

2.

3.

. M. fusiformis, Champ.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 218.
Parker north, Hongkong ;

2.

MONOGY NUS.

suaveolens.

Victoria
islet in

Wongnaichau Bay, Hongkong New Territory ; hill near

Chaochaufu. Fl. white, May.

Benth. l. c. 218.

M. suaveolens,

Happy Valley and
Mt. Parker north, Hongkong. Fl. white, May.

Champ. ; ; Benth. 1. ec. 218.

Mt. Victoria,

Mt. Parker north, Happy Valley woods and Mt. Cameron,
Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Kowloon City Gap and near
Shatin, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. white, May.

168

2.—RAUWOLFIA.

1. R. chinensis, Hemsl.; Ophioxylon chinensis, Hance i Journ.
Bot. 1865, 380. Robinson Road, Peak Road and_near
Aberdeen New Road, Hongkong ; along the West River,
up to the frontier of Kwangsi. FI. white, April to July.

3.—ALYXIA.

1. A. sinensis, Champ. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 219. On rocky hills,
in ravines and woods, common in the island, Hongkong :
Hahang and Tin-tso-ngam, Hongkong New Territory :
Swatow ; Kwaisin, Hoifung. FI. white, July.

4.—CERBERA.

1. C. Odollam, Gaertn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 219. At Aberdeen.
Shaukiwan and elsewhere near the sea, Hongkong ; Hong-
kong New Territory without locality. Fl. white, May.

5.—VINCA.
1. V. rosea, Linn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 220. In waste places,
Hongkong; Macao. FI. pink or white, Summer.

6.—POTTSIA.

1. P. cantonensis, Hook. et Arn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 222. Taitam
Tuk and in the Glenealy ravine, Hongkong ; Lanfa Mt.,
Hoifung ; Lofoushan at 3000 ft. FI. pink, June.

7-—WRIGHTIA.

1. W. pubescens, R. Br.; DC. Prodr. viii. 405. Sanning ; North
River ; Northwest River. Fl. white, July.

8.—NERIUM.

1. N. odorum, Soland. ; Hook. £. Fl. Brit. Ind. iii. 655. Kwang-
tung without locality. FI. rose-white or yellow, ——.

9.—STROPHANTHUS.

. 8. divergens, Grah.; Benth. FI. Hongk. 220. Common at
low levels, but less so higher up the hills. Hongkong ;
Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory ; hill near Chao-
chaufu; Macao; Pakhoi. FI. yellow, April.

—

10.—ECDYSANTHERA.
Key to species.

Leaves green underneath: corolla

scarcely above 1 line long... vee LL micrantha.
Leaves glaucous underneath ; corolla

2 lines long... se he ws 2. rosea.

ra

» 169

. E. micrantha, 4.DC ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 222. Happy Valley

woods, Hongkong. FI. pink, April.

E. rosea, Hook. et Arn.; Benth. 1]. c. 222. In ravines of
Mt. Victoria and Little Hongkong, Hongkong ; Lantao
island, Hongkong New Territory ; Macao and neighbour-
hood. Fl. pink, May.

11.—ICHNOCARPUS.

. I. ovatifolius, A.DC.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iii, 670. At

Little Hongkong, Hongkong. FI. purplish, June.

12.—ANODENDRON.

. A. laeve, Maaim.; Aganosma laevis, Champ; Benth. FI.

Hongk. 221. At West Point, Pokfulam, Little Hongkong,
and Shinuilelvesis, Hongkong ; on a hill east of Kowloon
City, Hongkong New Territory; Macao. Fl. yellowish
white, March.

13.—TRACHELOSPERMUM.
Key to species.

Leaves oblong, obtuse at both ends .... 1. Bowringit.
Leaves acute at both ends... we 2, jasminoides.

. T. Bowringii, Hemsil.; Parechites Bowringii, Hance ia Journ.

But. 1868, 299. Taitam Tuk, Hongkong. Fl. white?
September and earlier.

. T. jasminoides, Lemaire ; Rhynchospermum jasminoides, Lindl. ;

Benth, Fl], Hongk. 221. Mt. Gough, Mt. Parker and
the Happy Valley, Hongkong ; Taimoshan at 1500 ft.,
Hongkong New Territory ; Swatow; Lienchow River ;
Lofoushan. Fl. white, April.

ASCLEPIADACEAE.
Key to genera.

. Filaments free ... sae sie w+ 1. Cryptolepis.
Filaments connate ‘ si 2)

. Corolla tube cylindric, over 4 inch long BE
Corolla rotate, campanulate or urceolate 4,

. Corolla lobes filiform ... ae «» 14. Ceropegia.
Corolla lobes lanceolate 3 . 10. Stephanotis.

. Corolla lobes narrow, linear... wi 5.
Corolla lobes ovate... eis bi 6.

. Stem twining ... a ous 2. Toxocarpus.
Stem erect ae i wa .. 7. Pentasaeme,

. Leaves thick, fleshy... see ise 7.
Leaves coriaceous or membranous... 8

. Corolla small, globular, 1 line diameter 13. Dischidia,

Corolla rotate, 7-8 lines diameter... 12. Hoyd.

170

8. Stem erect on siete ans as 9.
Stem twining ... ae ie 10.
9. Petals reflexed, stamens raised on a

short tube ... ihe ian 3. Asclepias.
Petals spreading, stamens sessile 6. Cynanchum.
10. Corona 0 4. Gymnema.

Corona of 5 scales ies Abe ae 1.
11. Corolla narrow-campanulate . Warsdenia.
Corolla rotate ... Cynanchum, ete.

DO

1—CRYPTOLHEPIS.

. C. elegans, Wall.; Hook, f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 6. Lantac
Island and Shatin Road, Hongkong New Territory ;
French Island, Whampoa; along the Canton River ;
White Cloud hills, near Canton; West River. FI.
yellow, June.

2.—TOXOCARPUS.

. T. Wightianus, Hook. et drn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 224. Happy
Valley and West Point, Hongkong; Lantao Island,
Madnshan and Hahang, Hongkong New Territory;
Macao; Pakhoi. FI. yellow, June.

he

ror

3.—ASCLEPIAS.

1, A curassavica, Linn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 225. At Aberdeen
Taitam Tuk and other villages, Hongkong; hills nea
Chaochaufu. Fl. orange-red, May to December.

4.—GYMNEMA.
. G. affine, Deene.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 227, At Little Hong:
Kong, Hongkong; Macao; Sanning; Pakhoi. FI. white
uly.

i

5.—-GRAPHISTEMMA.

. G. pictum, Benth. et Hook. f.; Holostemma pictum, Champ.
Benth. Fl. Hongk. 224. In ravines of Mt. Victoria, ix
the Happy Valley and in the Pokfulam ravine, Hong.
kong. Fl. purple and yellow, June.

—

6.—CYNANCHUM.

Key to species of Graphistemma (No. 5), Cynanchum (No. 6)
Tylophora (No. 8), Dregea (No. 11).

1. Inflorescence pedunculate dis wae 2.
Inflorescence sessile... ae pie 1, Cynanchum
atratum,
2. Leaves deeply cordate, ovate, acuminate 3.
Leaves narrowed, rounded or subcordate
below aes aes sale eae a.

171

3. Leaf less than twice as long as glabrous

petiole ae ait oe 4,
Leaf four times as long as downy petiole 3. Cynanchum affine.
. Corona tubular, toothed at mouth ... 5. Cynanchum

corymbosum.
Corona deeply 5-lobed ... a8 we 2, Cynanchum
auriculatum.
. Leaves more than half as broad as long 6.
Leaves less than half as broad as long 7.
. Leaves glabrous a ade w. Dregea volubilis.
Leaves pubescent ise we .. Lylophora hispida.
. Stem erect ia Ae Fae a. 6. Cynanchum
Lightii.
Stem twining oe aes 8.
. Flowers racemose ee cis .. Graphistemma pictum.
Flowers umbellate bate ea :
. Leaves membranous _... see we 7. Cynanchum
sublanceolatum.
Leaves somewhat leathery _... we 4, Cynanchum
Fordii,

. C. atratum, Bunge ; DC. Prodr. viii. 523. Kwangtung without
locality. Fl. dark purple, April.

2. 0. auriculatum, Royle ; Wook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 25. Lienchow
River ; Northwest River. Fl. yellowish white, August.

. C. affine, Hemsi. Enum. Pl, China ii. 104. Kwangtung without
locality. Fl. yellow, August.

. C. Fordii, Hemsi. 1. c. 106. Lofoushan at 800 ft. Fl. white or
reddish, August.

. C. corymbosum, Wight ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 24. N.W.
River. Fl. ——, August.

. C. Lightii, Dunn sp. u., C. sibirico, R. Br. affinis sed foltis
brevioribus et latioribus distincta.

Herba_ perennis, erecta, 30-40 cm. alta, praeter lineam
pubescentem secus internodia superiora pedunculosque
glabra, caulibus foliosis ex radice crassa fibrosa pluribus,
basi nonnunquam paullo ramosis. Folia opposita, oblongo-
lanceolata, apice rotundata, basi cuneata vel breviter
rotundata, subsessilia, 3-4 cm. longa, circiter 1 cm. lata,
integra, papyracea, obscure penninervia. Flores umbellati
vel breviter racemosi ; pedunculi axillares, 1-1°5 cm. longi,
basi bracteis brevibus linearibus suffulti. Calyx fere ad
basin divisus, lobis 5 lanceolatis 15 mm. longis. Corolla
luteola?, rotata, 8 mm. diam., lobis ovatis obtusis.
Androecium 3 mm. diam., 2 mm. altum; coronae lobi
rotundati, antheris aequales. Capsula 5 cm. longa, 6 mm.
lata, fusiformis.

Shuikwan River, Shaochaufu 14.11.88 and North River, 6.8.89
Loquai. Also Hunan Province, Héngshan, Light,
Sept. 1904. Flowers in August and September, fruits
in November.

One of the specimens on which this species is founded formed
part of a remarkable collection hastily gathered by Capt.
Light of the 114th Mahratta Light Infantry during a trip

i

i

ay

. H. Pottsii, Zrazll; DC. Prodr. viii. 638. Macao.

172

in the Province of Hunan in 1904 and pressed in a book
measuring only 6 inches by 4, but which nevertheless
contained three species new to China and 24 new to the
province.

sublanceolatum, Mawim. ; Vincetoxicum sublanccolatum,
Maxim. in Bull. Acad. Petersb. xxiii. 367. Lanfa Mt.,
Hoifung. Fl. yellow, September.

7.—PENTASACME.

. P. Championi, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 228. On rocks in water-

courses, Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hongkong New
Territory. Fl. white, May.

8.—_TYLOPHORA.

. T. hispida, Decne. ; Benth. 1. c. 225. Common in Hongkong ;

Hahang, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. yellowish, May.

9.—MARSDENIA.

Key to species.

Flowers in oblong bunches... as Ll. tinetoria.
Flowers in broad cymes dos -» 2. lachnostoma.

. M. tinctoria, AR. Br.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 226. At Little

Hongkong, Hongkong. FI. yellowish, May.

. M. lachnostoma, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 226. North Point, and

Mt. Parker west, Hongkong. FIL yellowish, July.

10._-STEPHANOTIS.

. 8. chinensis, Champ.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 227. In the Happy

Valley woods, Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hongkong
New Territory. Fl. white, March— May.

11.—DREGEA.

. D. volubilis, Benth.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 46. Little

Hongkong, Hongkong. Fl. green, June.

12.—HOYA.

Key to species.
Leaves penninerved... its ew 1. carnosa,
Leaves 3-nerved wet ee .. 2. Pottsiz.

. H. carnosa, A. Br.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 228. On rocks on Mt.

Victoria, Hongkong ; Lantao Island and Mainshan,
Hongkong New Territory. Fl. white, May.

Fl. pal
yellow, ie

173

138.—DISCHIDIA.

1. D. chinensis, Champ. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 228. Mt. Nicholson
and at the east end of the island, Hongkong; Lantao
Island, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. white, May.

14.--CEROPEGIA.

1. C. trichantha, /Zems/. in Journ. Bot. 1885, 286. Cape d’ Aguilar,
Hongkong. FI. spotted red, October and November.

LOGANIACEAE.
Key to genera.
1. Small herb be ee wa .. 2. Mitrasaeme.
Shrub or tree ... ae 4s 3 2.
2. Flowers pedicellate ... te .. 38. Buddleia.
Flowers sessile ... ot whe ia 3.
3. Stem sheathed at the nodes ... we 5, Gaertnera.
Stem naked... aa se ot 4,
4, Flowers large, yellow ... a we 1. Gelsemium.
Flowers small, white ... i we 4, Strychnos.
1.—GELSEMIUM.

1. G. elegans, Benth. FJ. Hongk. 229. Mt. Gough, Aberdeen
New Road and south of Wanchai Gap, Hongkong ;
Kanghau, Hongkong New Territory ; Lienchow River ;
Namkong River. Fl. yellow, December.

2.—MITRASACME.
Key to species.

1. Flowers in fascicles of 1-3 in upper

axils... oe a ons «1, adstnoides,
Flowers umbellate 28 Jes 2.

2. Leaves elliptic, mostly radical ; calyx

zs inch long wins wee .. 2. nudicaulis,
Leaves oblong, scattered; calyx 1-3
inch long . ‘ 3. polymorpha,

1. M. alsinoides, R. Br.; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv.
80. Taimoshan' at 1500 ft., Hongkong New Territory ;
Swatow. Fl. white, February.

2. M. nudicaulis, Reinw.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 230. Hongkong
without locality ; Kwangtung without locality. Fl, white
October. : ;

3. M. polymorpha, &. Br.; M. capillaris, Wall.; Benth. FI,

Hongk. 230. On roadsides and in stony places, Hone-
kong ; Lantao Island and near Lowu, Hongkong Ny
Territory ; Pakhoi. Fl. white, June —September,

174

3.—BUDDLEIA.

Key to species.

Corolla tube 1-2 lines long... w. 1, asiatica.
Corolla tube 6 lines long site v2. Lindleyana.

1. B. asiatica, Zour.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 231. Hongkong
without locality ; Lienchow River; North River; West
River; Wongyu; Lofoushan. FI. white, February.

2. B. Lindleyana, Fortune; Benth. 1. c. 231. Ravines south of
Victoria Peak and in ravine near Wanchai Gap, Hong-
kong; Lienchow River; North River. Fl. purple,
August— December.

4._STRYCHNOS.
Key to species.
Flowers 4-merous = an .. 1. paniculata.
Flowers 5-merous ag ii w. 2. angustiflora.

1. 8. paniculata, Champ.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 232. In the
Happy Valley woods, Mt. Nicholson and elsewhere,
Hongkong ; Hongkong New Territory without locality ;
Canton. Fl. white, May.

2. 8. angustiflora, Benth. 1. c. 232. Common in the island,
Hongkong ; Lamma Island, Kanghau and Hahang, Hong-
kong New Territory. Fl. white, May.

5.-GAERTNERA.

1. G. hongkongensis, Seem.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 232. Hongkong
without locality. FI.

GENTIANACEAE.
Key to genera.
1. Floating water plant ... eis ve 3. Limnanthemum.
Terrestrial plant at it itis 2.
2, Climber a8 a as ws 2. Craw furdia.
Stem erect te ane es oe 3.

3. Corolla rotate ... on ied aa 4,

Corolla tubular, campanulate ... se 3.) Gentiana.

4, Corolla five times length of calyx... 1. Exvacum.

Corolla and calyx equal nee we A Sorertia.
1.—-EXACUM.

1.

E. tetragonum, Roxd.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 233. On top of
Mts. Victoria, Gough and Parker, Hongkong ; Yintak,
N. River. Fl. purple, September. ‘

_

175

2.—CRAWFURDIA.

. C. fasciculata, Wall. ; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 107.

Lofoushan. FI. purple, September.

3.—GENTIANA.
Key to species.

. Leaves linear or linear-lanceolate, 1 inch

or more long cis i _ 2.
Leaves ovate or lanceolate, less than
1 inch long... isa ick — 3.
. Plant glabrous ... ams 1. Athinsonit.
Plant more or less scabrous .. 2, seabra.
. Leaves with hyaline margin, squarrose 3. squarrosa.
Leaves ascending : 4, Loureiri.

. G. Atkinsonii, Burkill in Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, n.s. ii. 309.

Lofoushan at 3000 ft. Fl, ——, August, September.

. G. seabra, Bunge ; Griseb. in DC. Prodr. ix. 112. Lofoushan.

FI. blue, September.

. G. squarrosa, Ledeb. ; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 111.

Kwangtung without locality. Fl. blue, April and May.

. G. Loureiri, Griseb. in DC. Prodr. ix. 108. Fanling, Hong-

kong New Territory; Swatow; Kwaisin, Hoifung ;
abundant on grassy land, Canton. FI. greenish outside,
blue or rarely rose within, April.

4.—SWERTIA.

. 8. vacillans, Mazim.; Ophelia vacillans, Hance in Ann. Sci.

Nat. sér. 5, 229. Limestone hills along the N. River;
White Cloud hills, Canton; Tingushan. Fl. whitish, J uly.

5.—LIMNANTHEMUM.
Key to species.

. Corolla lobes entire... aa wl. eristatum.
Corolla lobes fimbriated sats ee 2.
. Leaves 3-4 inches long ; flowers very
numerous in each axil eat we. = 2, indicum.
Leaves 1 inch long; flowers solitary... 3. coronatum.'

. L. cristatum, Griseb.; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 131.

Near Fanling, Santin and Sanwai, Hongkong New
Territory ; Hoifung. FI. white, J uly—September.

. L. indicum, Thwaites; Clarke 1. c. 131. West River. FI.

white, May.

L. coronatum, Dunn, sp. n., L. aurantiaco, Dalz. affinis sed sepalis
lineari-oblongis et coronae destributione distincta.

Herba aquatica, glabra, praeter foliorum laminas floresque
submersa. Folia fluitantia, reniformia, 1-2 cm. diam.,
integra, chartacea ; petioli 3-7 cm. longi, basi stipulis
adnatisa lata. lores saepissime solitarii, axillares, ex aqua

176

paullo protrusi. Sepale 5, oblongo-linearia, 6 mm. longa.
Corolla flava, rotata, 2 2.2: 5 em. diam., 5-lobata ; lobi
oblongi, apice fimbriati, 1-2 cm. longi, tubo bis longiores,
basi cristati, coronam pulchram fimbriatam 5 mm. longam
supra os formantes. Stamina 5, in tubo medio inserta et
eum paullo excedentia ; antherae oblongae, sagittatae.
Stigma in lamellas duas fimbriatas divisum.

Kwaisin, Hoifung, Native Collector, Hongk. Herb. n. 1651.
Fl. yellow, September.

HYDROPHYLLACEAE.
1—HYDROLEA.

1. H. zeylanica, Vahl; Clarke 1. c. 133. Near Canton; North
River. FI. blue, November.
BORAGINACEAE.
Key to genera.
1. Large tree wee ses ee Sc 2.
Herb or small shrub ... ae aos 3.
2. Style twice bipartite ... er we lL. Cordia.
Style once divided... * .. 2. Ehretia.
3. Ovary entire or four pointed .. ah 4,
Ovary 4-partite — ae ate 5.
4, Stem climbing ... oa .. 3. Tournefortia.
Stem erect ak pas sae .. 4. Heliotropium.
5. Nutlets quite smooth ... sis ... 8. Lithospermum,
Nutlets rough or toothed —... 6.
6. Nutlets with inflexed marginal teeth .. 5. Thyrocar pus.
Nutlets entire at margins ee :

7. Nutlets glandular fee ae .. 7. Bothriospermum.
Nutlets glochidiate ... cin v6. Cynoglossum.
1.—CORDIA.

1. O. Myxa, Zinn.; Clarke in Hook. f FI. Brit. Ind. iv. 136.
Near village north of Madnshan, Hongkong New Terri-
tory. Fl. white, June.

2.—EHRETIA.
Key to species.
1. Leaves quite entire... ate we 1. longijtora.
Leaves toothed .. 2,

2, Leaves small, obovate, with afew coarse

teeth at top... 2. huvifolia.
Leaves lanceolate, erenate throughout 3. acuminata.
1. E.longiflora, Champ. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 234. Victoria Peak,

Happy Valley and Taitam, Hongkong ; Nanghau, Hong-
kong New Territory ; Pak-kwa-ngau, village, near Phoenix
Mt., Swatow. Fl. white, March.

bo

77

. E. buxifolia, Roxb.; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 144.
Bare sandy hills near the fishing village of Paksha in
the extreme S. of the province. Fl. white, May-—August.

. E. acuminata, R. Br.; Clarke 1. c. 141. West of stream
leading from Wongneichong ae to Deepwater Bay,
Hongkong ; Hoifung; Macao; Lienchow River; West
River. Fl. white, May.

8.—TOURNEFORTIA.

1. T. ovata, Wall.; Clarke 1. ce. 147. Cockscomb rocks, West

—_

River. Fl. white, May.

4.— HELIOTROPIUM.
Key to species.

Leaves ovate... ive dss we Ls indicum.
Leaves small, linear-lanceolate we 2. strigosum.

. H. indicum, Zinn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 235. Waste places
near the seashore, Hongkong; hedges near Swatow ;
Macao; Pakhoi. FI. blue, April.

2. H. strigosum, Willd.; Clarke in Hook. f. FI. Brit. Ind. iv.

—l

_

_

1.

151. Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory ; Pakhoi.
FI. white, Autumn.

5.—THYROCARPUS.

. T. Sampsoni, Hance; Maxim. in Mél. Biol. viii. 562. Fields
near Chaochaufu; Tingushan near Chaokingfu, W.
River ; Lienchow River ; at the Filoitze monastery near
Tsingyun, N. River. Fl. blue or white, January—

August.
6.—_CYNOGLOSSUM.
. ©. micranthum, Desf; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. iv. 146.

Swatow ; on a rubbish heap outside the north gate, Canton.
Fl. white, August.

7.—EOTHRIOSPERMUM.

. B. tenellum, Fisch. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 235. A weed in paddy

fields, Hongkong ; Swatow; Canton. FI. white or blue,
April.

8.—LITHOSPERMUM.

L. chinense, Hook. et Arn.;. DC, Prodr. x. 80. Macao.
FI. yellow, —- .

21515 M

178

CONVOLVULACEAE.

Key to genera.

. Leafless parasite
Stem leafly

9. Cuscuta.
23

. Prostrate creeping herb with reniform

leaves and minute flowers...

Erect or climbing plant or with large

flowers

3. Flowers in long racemes ; ae
Flowers in axillary cymes or solitary... 4. Ipomoea, ete.

bo

bo

1.—ERYCIBE.

8. Dichondra.

3.
7. Porana.

. E. obtusifolia, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 236. Mt. Victoria and
Mt. Parker south, Hongkong. FI. white, June.

2.—ARGYRBEIA.
. A. speciosa, Sweet ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind.iv. 185. Naturalised,

Hongkong. FI. ——.

3.—LETTSOMIA.
For key to species see Ipomoea.

. L. Chalmersii, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1878, 230. Sanning ;
Tingushan, near Chaokingfu, West River. FI. white,

September.

. L. Championi, Benth. et Hook. f.; Argyreia Championi, Benth.
Fl. Hongk. 236. North side of Victoria Peak, Hongkong ;

Swatow ; Macao; Lofoushan.

Fl. ——, September.

3. L. strigosa, Roxb. ; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 193.

Castle Peak, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. purple,

October.

4.—IPOMOEA.

Key to species of Frycibe (No. 1), Argyreia (No. 2), Lettsomia
(No. 3), Lpomoeu (No. 4), Convolvulus (No. 6), and Evolrulus

(No. 7).

. Leaves entire ie
Leaves lobed or compound

. Bracts boatshaped, persistent
Bracts leaflike, small or none

. Water plant

Climber sia aes fe

Leaves narrowed into the petioles

Leaves sagittate or cordate

. Leaves shining white beneath

Leaves glabrous or grey pubescent

Leaves pubescent beneath

Leaves glabrous ... :

. Leaves sagittate ... ea
Leaves cordate ..,

2

20.
l. L. pileata.
3s
2. I. aquatica,
4,
30.
7.
Lettsomia Chalmersii.
6.
Lettsomia Championi.
Erycibe obtusifolia,
8.

13,

179

&. Leaves subsessile .. eee .. 38. J. angustifolia,
Leaves long-stalked wid w. 5. I stenantha.
9. Hairs strigose aie ‘ 11.
Hairs soft .. owe ane 10.
10. Leaves large, white-tomentose
beneath sae -. Argyreia speciosa,
Leaves small, nearly glabrous ww. = Convulvulus parviflorus.
11. Pedicels many-flowered oe «. Lettsomia strigosa.
Pedicels 1-flowered a va 12.
12. Flowers more than 2 inches long 22. I. Learei.
Flowers under 1 inch... ww. 4, I, sinensis.
13. Calyx densely hairy re aise 9.
Calyx glabrous or nearly so 14,
14, Sepals with long points ... 16.
Sepals obtuse = 15.
15. Peduncles smooth 18.
Peduncles minutely thorny 6. I. chryseides.
16. Sepals hair-pointed 7. I. Batatas.
Sepals acuminate ... 17.
17. Flowers red or purple 8. I. acuminata.
Flowers white 9. I, Bona-noz.
18. Sepals under } inch long .. 29.
Sepals over 4 “inch long ... a 19.
19. Bracts persistent in flower, hairy | 10, I. Turpethum.
Bracts caducous ... ss w. LL. LL eymosa,
20. Leaves bilobed_... ‘ibe ve = 12, L, biloba,
Leaves 3 or more lobed . 21,
21. Leaves digitately or pedately com-
pound or nearly so F 22.
Leaves lobed 26.
22. Leaves compound... 23.
Leaves deeply divided = 24,
23. Seeds villous 28 = .» 13. I. palmata.
Seeds glabrous, crested ... . 14, I. quinata.
24, Pedicels many-flowered ... .. 15. I. digitata.
Pedicels 1- or few-flowered 25.

25, Leaves with toothed or pinnatifid
lobes ... ep ie .. 16. ZL. dissecta.
Leaves with entire lobes .. .. 17. ZL. carnosa.
26. Sepals obtuse... 6. I. chryseides.
Sepals acuminate or hair-pointed 27.
27. Sepals hair-pointed ni 28,
Sepals acuminate .. — 7. I. Batatas,
28. Leaves wbite-tamen ieee beneath 18. I. pilosa.
Leaves green seh ae «+ 19. DL hederacea.
29. Leaves orbicular ... ee .. 20. L. obscura.
Leaves oblong... ae ww. 21. LT. linifolia,
30. Prostrate herb... a .. volvulus alsinoides.

Climbing shrub

5.

. I. pileata, Rozxb.; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 203.

Hongkong without locality ; Kanghau, Hongkong New

Territory, Fl. pink, October,

21615

M2

180

2. I. aquatica, Forsk.; Clarke 1. c. 210. Cultivated in Hong-
kong and the New Territory. Fl. white, July.

3. L. angustifolia, Jacq. ; L. filicaulis, Blume ; Benth. Fl. Hongk.
238. Near Stanley and in sunny places, Hongkong ;
Macao. FI., yellowish white, June—September.

4, I. sinensis, Choisy ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 239. Hongkong
without locality and in Blake Garden ; Hoifung ; Macao.

’ FL white, October.

5. I. stenantha, Dunn, sp. n., I. calycinae, Benth. affinis sed calyce
alato et floribus multo majoribus distans.

Herba convolvens, praeter caulem pilis basi bulbosis vestitum
glabra. Folia alterna, triangularia, late sagittata, apice
breviter caudata, apiculata, basi auriculis obtusis, sinu
late rotundato, 8-9 cm. longa, 5-6 cm. lata, integra,
papyracea, venis marginem propinquantibus 5-6 paribus
haud prominentibus; petioli 4-5 cm. longi. Flores
solitarii, axillares, 4 cm. longi; pedicelli 3-4 cm. longi,
medio bibracteolati. Sepala 5, lanceolata, apice setacea,
basi cordata, trinervia, nervis alatis, alis basi latioribus
dentato-laceratis, 2-4 em. longa. Corolla rubra, tubulosa,
ore in lobos triangulares paullo expansa, basi 4 mm. ore
2 cm. lata, tubo 3°5 cm. longo, lobis 7 mm. longis.
Stamina 5, inclusa, fere in basi corollae affixa. Ovarium
sphaericum, biloculare, 4-ovulatum ; stylus inclusus ;
stigma biglobosum.

Lanfashan, Hoitung, Native Collector’, 24. 9. 1904, Herb.
Hongk. n. 1676.

6. I. chryseides, Ker: Benth. Fl. Hongk. 239. Mt. Victoria,
Hongkong ; Lantao Island and near Saikung, Hongkong
New Territory ; Hoifung ; Whampoa: Lienchow River.
Fi. yellow, May—December.

7. I. Batatas, Zam. ; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 202.
Cultivated in Hongkong and the New Territory. FI.
purple, December.

8. I. acuminata, Roem. et Schult. ; Pharbitis insularis, Choisy in
DC. Prodr. ix. 341, Hill Road, Hongkong. Fl. rosy
purple, October.

9. I. Bona-nox, Linn. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 238. On the outskirts
of woods, and commonly cultivated in Hongkong. FI.
white, Summer.

10. I. Turpethum, R. Br.; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind.
iv. 212. In hedges at Kamtin, Hongkong New Territory ;
Whampoa ; White Cloud hills, Canton ; Lienchow River ;
Northwest River; West River. Fl. white, May—October.

11. Lcymosa, Roem. et Schult. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 238. Shaukiwan
and .\berdeen-Pokfulam Road, Hongkong; Kamtin,
Hongkong New Territory ; onthe bank of the Han River,
Swatow; Canton; Macao. Fl. white or yellow, May—
December.

12. I. biloba, Forsk.; £. Pes-caprae, Sweet : Benth. l. c. 238. On
the seashore at Taitam Tuk, Repulse Bay and Chaiwantsai,
Hongkong ; Kowloon, Hongkong New Territory ; Chao-
chaufu, Swatow; Macao. Fl. pink, August—November,

13.

14.

15.

21.

22.

. {si

[. palmata, Forsk.; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 214.

Very common, elimbing over trees and shrubs, Hongkong ;
Swatow. Fl. purple, Summer.

. quinata, R. Br.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 237. Hongkong

without locality ; Lantao Island and Lokloha, Hongkong
‘New Territory; Swatow ; Macao. FI. purple, September—
December.

. digitata, Zinn. ; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 202.

At the foot of Mt. Davis near the sea, on the Pokfulam-
Aberdeen Road near the sea, Hongkong ; Lantao Island,
Hongkong New Territory; Wongmau Island. FI. purple,
August.

. dissecta, Willd.; Clarke 1. c. 200. Hongkong on a bank

below Middle Road near Bishop’s House; Macao, FI.
white, November.

.carnosa, A. Br.; Clarke 1. c. 213. On the seashore at

Chaiwan, Hongkong; Pakhoi. F1. pale yellow, December.

. pilosa, Sweet ; Clarke 1. cv. 213. Macao. FI. purple.
. hederacea, Jacg.; Clarke |. c. 199. In waste places near

Kennedy Road, Hongkong ; mainland opposite Hongkong;
hill near Chaochaufu, Swatow ; Macao. FI. blue, August.

. obscura, Ker; Clarke 1. c. 207. Hongkong without locality;

Cheungchau Island, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. pale
yellow with a purple base, November.

. linifolia, Blume ; Clarke 1.c. 205. Hoifung; waste ground,

Canton. FI. yeliow, October.

. Learei, Paxt. Bot. Mag. vi. 267. Naturalised in Hongkong.

FI. blue, -~ —.

5—CONVOLVULUS.

. parviflorus, Vahl; Jacquemontia violacea, Benth. Fl. Hongk.

239. Mt. Davis, near the sea, Hongkong; Kowloon
Catchwater and Chinwan, Hongkong New Territory ;
Kwaisin, Hoifung. FI. white, pink or violet, September.

6—EVOLVULUS.

. alsinoides, Linn. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 240. Common about

roadsides and grassy places, Hongkong; Lantao Island
and Castle Peak, Hongkong New Territory ; on the bank of
the Han River, Swatow. F'l.pale blue, April—September.

7.—PORANA.

. sinensis, Hemsl. Enum. Pl. China, i. 167. Lienchow

River. FI. lilac-coloured, August.

8.—DICHONDRA.

. repens, forst.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 240. Ona grassy bank

in the Botanic Gardens, Hongkong. FI. yellow, February.

5.

182

9.—CUSCUTA.
Key to species.

Fruit ovoid, much longer than calyx...
Fruit depressed-globular :

1. japonica.
2. chinensis.

. C. japonica, Choisy; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 241. On Victoria

Peak, East Point and Little Hongkong, Hongkong. FI.

white, November.

. C. chinensis, Zam.; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 226.

Pingchau Island, Hongkong New Territory ; Canton.

Fl. white, August.

SOLANACEAE.
Key to genera.

Filaments very short ... age
Filaments elongated, filiform ...
Corolla less than 1 inch across

Corolla more than 2 inches across
Shrub

Herb... sa aie eg was
Flower funnel-shaped ... sis es
Flower salver-shaped ...

1—SOLANUM.
Key to species.

. Plant armed with thorns

Plant unarmed ... ars ian
Anthers not more than 2 lines long
Anthers over 7 lines long

. Flowers all fertile

Fertile flowers solitary in each raceme
Corolla lobes broad, triangular

Corolla lobes lanceolate ose
Berry glabrous ... 28 Ree _
Berry hairy... ‘

. Cymes much shorter than the leaves...

Cymes much longer than the leaves ...

. Flowers axillary, solitary or fascicled

Flowers in stalked umbels or cymes ...
Leaves woolly ... ie an
Leaves glabrous or subglabrous

. Leaves cordate ; stem climbing

Leaves lanceolate ; stem erect

. Leaves nearly glabrous

Leaves woolly below

Or Bm bo Os

as

. §. indicum, Linn. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 242.

Solanum,
2.
3.
4,
Lycium.,

. Physalis.
. Datura.
. Micotiana.

1

Pom

. tndicun.

mneanum,

Wrightit.
5.

6.
ferox,
torvum.
hainanense.

. biflorum.

8.

. verbascifolium,

: Daleanera,
10.
ll.

nigrum.
aculeatissimum.

3.
At East Point,

in waste places, Hongkong ; Hoifung. FI. blue, June.
8. incanum, Linn. ; S. sanctum, Linn. ; Benth. 1.c. 243. Hong-
kong without locality ; Pakhoi. Fl. blue, May.

10.

11.

_

—

183

8. Wrightii, Benth. 1. c. 243. On the Bonham Road, Hong-
kong; Swatow. FI. blue, August.

8. ferox, Linn. ; Benth. 1. c. 243. On roadsides, Hongkong ;
Macao. FI. white, — —.

. & torvum, Swartz; DC. Prodr. xiii. 1. 260. Mt. Victoria

and Hast Point, Hongkong ; Kwangtung without locality.
Fl. white, June.

. 8. hainanense, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1868, 331. Hillside near

Swatow; Pakhoi. Fl. blue, April.

. 8. biflorum, Zour.; S. decemdentatum, Roxb.; Benth. FI.

Hongk. 242. Near Magazine Gap, at Cape d’Aguilar
and in waste places, Hongkong; on the bank of the Han
River, Swatow ; Lienchow River ; Lofoushan. FI. white,
July.

. S. verbascifolium, Linn.; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv.

230. Madnshan and near Fanling, Hongkong New
Territory ; Swatow; Lienchow River; Namkong River.
FI. white, March.

S. Dulceamara, Zinn. ; Clarke l.c. 229. Lienchow River: FI.
purple, August.

8. nigrum, Zinn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 242. Mt. Kellet,
Mt. Parker and in waste places, Hongkong ; Swatow ;
common weed, Canton. Fl. white, April.

8. aculeatissimum, Jacy.; Clarke in Hook. £. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv.
237. River bank near Swatow. FI. white, April.

8.—PHYSALIS.
Key to species.

Fruiting calyx 5-angled 2 1. angulata.
Fruiting calyx globular pi w= 2, minima.

P. angulata, Linn: ; Benth. Fl]. Hongk. 244. In waste places,
Hongkong ; Waglan Island, Hongkong New Territory ;
fields near Chaochaufu. Fl. yellow, April.

P. minima, Linn.; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl, Brit. Ind. iv. 238.
Swatow ; Lienchow River. Fl. yellow, December.

3.—LYCIUM.

L. chinense, JJzl/.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 244. Naturalised and
cultivated in Hongkong; in fields near Chaochaufu ;
Pakhoi; Lienchow River. Fl. purple, April—December.

4—DATURA.

1. D. alba, Nees; Benth. |. c. 245. Near villages, in waste places,

1.

Hongkong; near Lokloha, Hongkong New Territory ;
Swatow ; Lienchow River. Fl. white, March.
5.—-NICOTIANA.

N. rustica, Linn.; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 245,
In hedges near Chaochaufu. Fl. pink, April.

SCROPHULARIACEAE.
Key to genera.
1 Tree... 2. Paulownia,
Herb... ie 2.
2. Corolla rotate ... 4.
Corolla tubular 3.
3. Corollatube long, thin cylindric, shortly
lobed i. 8.
Corolla tube short, not cylindric il.
4. Leaves in three linear segments 22. Sopubia.
Leaves simple, entire or toothed 3.
5. Leaves alternate l. Celsia.
Leaves opposite 6.
6. Corolla densely hairy at mouth 15, Scoparia.
Corolla givbrons 7.
7. Flowers under ;/5 inch.. 14, Aferocar paea.
Flowers 3%; inch or more 18. Veronica.
8. Corolla bilabiate 9.
Corolla salver-shaped ... 19. Buchnera.
9. Calyx gamosepalous, cylindric 23. Siphonostegza.
Calyx deeply divided ... 10.
10. Leaves linear, scabrous 20. Striga.
Leaves broad 6. Adenosma.
11. Calyx spathaceous 21. Centranthera.
Calyx 5-lobed ... me 12.
12, Plant glabrous ; leaves entire.. ae 13.
Leaves crenate, serrate or lobed os 16.
13. Flowers spicate... 8. Dopatrium.
Flowers axillary 14,
14. Corolla lobes spreading a 28.
Upper lip of corolla concave, broad, erect 15.
15, Stamens 4 cit oe bes ae 16.
Stamens 2 .» 12. Ilysanthes.
16, Calyx winged or — ongly ribbed ~~ 10 Torenia.
Calyx without wings or ribs ... oa 17.
17. Calyx divided to the base 18.
Calyx lobes equal to or shorter than
tube nes : sk ian 21.
18. Calyx regular ... ; 19.
Calyx irregular . 6. Adenosma,
19. Stamens 2 . 20.
Stamens 4 . 11. Vandellia.
20. Capsule ovoid, short . 12, Ilysanthes.
Capsule linear... . 13. Bonnaya.
21. Flowers solitary, terminal .. 24, Monochasma,
Flowers in spikes or racemes ... ‘ 22.
22. Flowers in loose naked racemes 25.
Flowers in spikes or leafy racemes 23.
23. Leaves pinnatifid wie ae 25. Phthetrospermum.
Leaves entire.. 24,
24, Flowers in dense spikes : leires Seaeile 16. Calorhabdos.

184

Flowers in racemes or scattered

26.

—

185

. Leaves coarsely toothed 17. Alectra.
Leaves finely toothed ... 4. Mazus.

. Leaves sessile ... sie iy w» = 7. Limnophila.
Leaves stalked ... se wie cin 27.

. Leaves serrate ... 5. Lindenbergia.
Leaves crenate... 7. Limnophila.

. Leaves orbicular 3. Mimulus. —
Leaves oblong ... 9. Herpestis.

1.—CELSIA.
. C.coromandeliana, Vahl; Hook.f. FI. Brit. Ind.iv. 251. West
River. FI. yellow, May.
2.—PAULOWNIA.

. P. Fortunei, Hems?. Enum. Pl. China, ii.180. At Monshipang
Village, Chaochaufu; Lienchow River. Fl. cream-
coloured with purple markings on the inside, March.

_ 8.—MIMULUS.

. M. orbicularis, Benth.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 259. In
paddy fields, Hoifung. FI]. blue, September.

4.—MAZUS.

M. rugosus, our. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 247. In paddy fields at
Little Hongkong, and in damp places, Hongkong ; in fields
near Chaochaufu ; ia cultivated ground, Canton, Fl.
blue, April.

5.—LINDENBERGIA.
Key to species.

Flowers large, spicate ... ae a. L. philippinensis.
Flowers small, axillary on .. 2. urticaefolia,

. L. philippinensis, Benth. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 261. On
the walls of Canton ; porphyritic caves near Saichushan,
near Canton. FI. yellow, February.

. L. urticaefolia, Lehm. ; Hook. f.1.c. 262. Along the Lienchow
River. Fl. yellow, August—December.

6.—ADENOSMA.
Key to species.

. Flowers all capitate or spicate i 2.
Flowers axillary or in close racemes... 1. grandiflora.

. Calyx } inch long iis, eo .» 2. capitatum.
Calyx 4 inch long see ei .» 3, microcephala.

. A. grandiflora, Benth. ; Pterostigma grandiflorum, Benth. FI.
Hongk. 247. Common on the hillsides, Hongkong ;

186

Lantao Island and near Sanwai, Hongkong New Territory ;
hill near Chaochaufu; Macao. FI. bluish purple, Summer.

2. A. capitata, Benth.; Pterostigma capitatum, Benth. 1. c. 248.

At Little Hongkong, Hongkong; at Kuntong, Hong-
kong New Territory; Hoifung; Canton. Fl. bluish
purple, September.

. A. microcephala, Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 264. Lofoushan,

Fl. blue, August.

7.—LIMNOPHILA.
Key to species.

. Flowers sessile ... ar nae ie 2.
Flowers stalked 56 se ase 4.
. Leaves all entire ise ae age 3.
Some or all leaves multifid 8.

. Leaves stalked ... 1. Roxburghi.
Leaves sessile ... ‘ee — sich i

. Leaves multifid as ee ... 2. gratioloides.
Leaves entire ... ins ‘ee iis 5.

. Stem hirsute... oe wan . 8. Aarsuta.
Stem glabrous ... wis 6.

. Corolla slightly exceeding calyx

. erecta,

3
Corolla 3 or 4 times as long as calyx... 4. gratissima.
~ 4

. Nerves of leaves pinnate

. gratissima.

Nerves of leaves palmate wis a. 2 hypericifolia,
. Leaves all multiid =... ss .. 6, sessiliflora.
Lower leaves only multifid ... we 7, heterophylla.

.L

_L

. -.

. Roxburghii, G. Don; Hook f£. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 265.
Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory; Lanfa Mt,
Hoifung ; North River. FI. blue-purple, mouth yellow,
September.

. gratioloides, AR. Br.; Hook. f. 1. c. 271. Hoifung. FI.

pink and yellow, October.

erecta, Benth. ; Hook. f. 1. c. 267. Marshes on the White
Cloud hills, Canton. Fl. white, ——.

. gratissima, Blume ; L. punctata, Blume ; Benth. Fl. Hongk.
248. Little Hongkong and the Happy Valley, Hong-
kong; Lamma Is. and near Lowu, Hongkong New
Territory ; Hoifung; White Cloud hills, Canton; North
River. FI. pink, October.

. hypercifolia, Benth. ; Hook. f. 1. c. 269. Lienchow River.

Fl. purple, October.

. sessiliflora, Blume ; Hook. f. 1. c. 270. Stream near Chao-

chaufu. FI. bluish, April.

. heterophylla, Benth. ; Hook. f.1. e.270. At Wongneichong,

Hongkong ; near Sanwai, Hongkong New Territory ; at
Yit-hai, Swatow; along the West River. Fl. purple,
April—October.

. hirsuta, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 248. In a pond (since filled in)
east of the Happy Valley, Hongkong; in a pool on
‘Taimoshan, and in paddy fields at Kuntong, Hongkong
New Territory. Fl. purple, November.

187

8.—DOPATRIUM.

1, D. junceum, Ham.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 249. At East Point
in marshy grouad, Hongkong ; Whampoa in rice fields ;
Canton in rice fields. Fl. rose-coloured, June— October.

9.—HERPESTIS.

1. H. Monniera, H. B. K.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 249. Causeway
Bay, and common in marshes, Hongkong; Lokloha,
Hongkong New ‘Territory ; Kwangtung without locality.
FI. pale blue, J une— December.

10.—TORENIA.
Key to species.

1. Racemes elongated; flowers aati
or yellow and purple ie 2.
Flowers axillary or pseudo-axillary ; ;
flowers blue or purple. :
2. Leaves narrowly ovate ; calyx 5-ribbed 1. flava.
Leaves broadly ovate ; calyx 5-winged la. Fordit.

3. Calyx 5-ribbed .. as ‘iv v0 4,
Calyx 3-winged : 5.
4. Corolla nearly twice as Sloug # as 3 calyx 8,

Corolla and calyx about equal wy . parvifiora.
5. Calyx wings narrower than the spaces . concolor.
Calyx wings broader than the spaces 6.

i )

6. Leaves ovate, rounded below ... 4, oblonga.
Leaves oblong, narrowed below 7.

7. Filaments with a subulate appendage 5. vagans.
Filaments with no appendage ... . 6. peduncularis.

8. Plant hispid... one Ss 7. hirsuta,
Plant nearly glabrous ... 8. Benthamiana.

1, T. flava, Ham.; Benth, FI. Hongk. 3 250. Hongkong with-
out locality ; Lanfa Mt., Hoifung ; Whampoa ; along the
North River ; Lofoushan. Fl. yellow, July—September.

la. T. Fordii, Hook. f. Bot. Mag. t. 67978. White Cloud monas-
tery, Canton; Lofoushan. Fl. pale yellow with purple
spots, August.

2. T. parviflora, Ham.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 278. White
Cloud hills, Canton; Lofoushan. Fl. blue, June—Sep- :
tember.

3. T. concolor, Lindl.; TT. rubens, var. grandiflora, Benth. FI.
Hongk. 250. “Common on Victoria Peak, Hongkong.
FL. dark blue, July.

4. T. oblonga, Hance; Maxim. in Mél. Biol. ix. 411. Pokfulam-
Aberdeen Road, and Shaukiwan, Hongkong ; Swatow ;
Hoitfung ; Macao. FI. ie le, June—September.

5. T. vagans, Roxb. ; Hook. #. FI. Brit, Ind. iv. 277. Singmoon,
Kwangtung (probably Capsuimum, Hongkong New Terri-
tory). Fl. pale blue, ——.

188

. T. peduncularis, Benth.: Hook. f. 1. c. 276. Tingushan, near
Chaokingfu, W. River; Lofoushan. FI. pale blue,
August. :

. T. hirsuta, Lam.; DC. Prodr. x. 410. Between Taipo and.
Fanling, Hongkong New Territory; Yit-hai, Swatow.
FI. blue, April.

. T. Benthamiana, Hance ; Maxim. in Mél. Biol. ix. 411. _Aber-

deen, Hongkong ; Swatow; Whampoa. FI. blue, May—

August.

11.—VANDELLIA.
Key to species.

. Capsule twice as long as calyx, linear,
acuminate ... :

Capsule equal to or shorter than calyx,

globose, ovate or oblong obtuse ... 3.
. Leaf ovate, petioles distinct ... .. lL. pedunculata.
Leaf linear or oblong, gradually nar-
rowed below sins or w+ 2. angustifolia.
. Calyx of flower 5-dentate we .
Calyx of flower 5-partite iv Pak 5.
. Plant nearly glabrous ... : 3. crustacea.
Plant hairy ie aie ne .. 4. hirsuta.
. Peduncles barely exceeding the calyx 5. urticifolia.
Peduncles many times longer than the
calyx due 8 83 sia 6.
. Plants with soft long hairs... .. 6, mollis.

Plants scabrous... oan 7. scabra.

. V. pedunculata, Benth.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 282. On
damp ground, Aberdeen, Hongkong ; Whampoa; Pakhoi.
F\. white or pale blue with a white spot, July—November.

. V. angustifolia, Benth. ; Hook. f.1.c. 282. Hongkong without
locality ; Hoifung; Lintin Island, Canton River near
Hongkong. FI. purple, September.

. V. crustacea, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 251. On Victoria Peak
and frequent in paddy fields, Hongkong; Hoifung;
common weed, Canton ; Pakhoi; Lofoushan. FI. purple,
September.

V. hirsuta, Ham.; Hook. f. FI. Brit. Ind. iv. 280.
Sanning ; banks of the West River. FI. bluish white,

5. V. urticifolia, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1868, 301. Lanfa Mt.,

6.

7

1

Hoifung ; Lienchow River ; at Tsingyun North River.
Fl. blue, September—December. :

V. mollis, Benth. ; Hook. f. lc. 281. Marshy places around
‘anton. Fl. brown and yellow, ——.

- V. scabra, Benth. Fl, Hongk. 251. Hongkong without

locality ; Lofoushan. FJ]. ——, August.
12.—ILYSANTHES.

. I. hyssopioides, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 252. In a marsh in the

Happy Valley, and Chaiwan, Hongkong. FI. pale blue,
August.

189

13.—BONNAYA.
Key to species.

. Leaves linear; fruiting pedicels reflexed _1. tenuifolia.

Leaves oblong ; fruiting pedicels erect 2.
. Leaves sessile; capsule twice the length
of calyx... ses se a. 2, brachiata.
Leaves shortly petioled; capsule thrice
the length of calyx sits oT 3.
. Leaves distantly crenate-serrate ... 3. veronicaefolia.
Leaves finely serrate ... wine .. 4 reptans.

. B. tenuifolia, Spreng.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 286.
Whampoa, Pakhoi and other localities in Kwangtung.
Fl. pale blue.

. B. brachiata, Link et Otto; Hook. f.l.c. 284. In a field at
Chaiwan, Hongkong; Kwangtung in various localities.
Fl. red or white, January.

. B. veronicaefolia, Spreng.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 252. A common
weed in Hongkong; in hedges near Chaochaufu; a
common weed in cultivated ground, Canton. FI. violet,
September.

. B. reptans, Spreng. ; Hook. £. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 284. White
Cloud hills, Canton ; North River; Solinkun, Lofoushan.
FI. light purple, August.

14.—MICROCARPAEA.

. M. muscosa, 2. Br. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 253. Marshy ground,
Hongkong without locality. Fl. rose, Autumn.

15.—SCOPARIA.

. 8. dulcis, Zinn. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 252. A common weed in
Hongkong ; on the bank of the Han River, Swatow ;
Macao. FI. white, April—June.

16.—CALORHABDOS.

. C. cauloptera, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1877, 298. Lienchow
River. Fl. dark purple, August—October.

17.—ALECTRA.

. A. indica, Benth. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 297. Lofoushan
Fl. yellow, Autumn.

18.—VERONICA.
Key to species.

. Flowers racemose aes oe aes 2.
Flowers solitary, axillary —... «1. serpyllifolia.
. Racemes axillary ae ar «2. Anagallis.

Racemes terminal is be es 3,

190

. Pedicel longer than calyx... .. 3, spicata.
Pedicel shorter than calyx... we 4 spuria,

. V. serpyllifolia, Zinn. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 296. Near
Swatow. FI. white or lilac, April.

. V. Anagallis, Zinn.; DC. Prodr. x. 467. Wongneichong and
East Point in cultivated ground, Hongkong ; Swatow ;
abundant in vegetable grounds west of the city, Canton.
F]. blue or pink, February.

. V. spicata, Zinn.: DC. 1. c. 466. Lofoushan. FI. blue,
August.

. V. spuria, Zinn.; V. paniculata, Benth.; DC. 1. ¢. 465.
Grassy slopes, Kwangtung in various localities. FI. blue,
July —September.

19.—BUCHNERA.

. B. cruciata, Ham.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 253. At Pokfulam
and Little Hongkong, Hongkong ; Sheungshui, Kuntong
and Hahang, Hongkong New Territory; Lanfa Mt.,
Hoifung ; White Cloud hills, Canton; Pakhoi. FI.
bluish-purple, September.

20.—-STRIGA.

Key to species.
Calyx 10-ribbed we aie vee Ls lutea.
Calyx 15-ribbed wi i w. .2. Masuria.

. 8. lutea, Lour. ; S. hirsuta, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 254. Common
in grassy places, Hongkong ; Pakhoi. FI. yellow, July.

. 8. Masuria, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 254. Near Deepwater Bay,
a rare, Hongkong; MKwangtung without locality.

21.-CENTRANTHERA.
Key to species.

. Strong erect herb die sate oe 2,
Diffuse plant, under 6 incheshigh ... 1. humifusa.

. Flowers yellow... wee ee «2. Brunoniana,
Flowers purple ... 3. hispida.

. C. humifusa, Vall. ; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 301. Hoifung ;
White Cloud hills, Canton. FI. yellow. October.

. C. Brunoniana, Wall.; DC. Prodr. x. 525. Hongkong without
locality ; Lofoushan. Fl. yellow, August.

. C. hispida, R. Br.; DC. 1. c. 525. In valley east of Wanchai
Gap, Hongkong. FI. purple, September.

22.—SOPUBIA.

. §. trifida, Ham.: Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 302, North
River, Fl. yellow to purple, November,

—

~

191

23.—SIPHONOSTEGIA.

. 8. chinensis, Benth.; DC. Prodr. x. 538. Mt. Davis and

Little Hongkong, Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong
New Territory; Kwangtung, various localities. FI.
yellow, June.

24.—MONOCHASMA.

. M. monantha, Hemsi. Enum. Pl. China, ii. 203. North River

FI. white, March,

25.—PHTHEIROSPERMUM.

. P. chinensis, Bunge ; DC. Prodr. x. 539. Kwangtung with-

out locality. FI. rose-coloured, August.

OROBANCHACEAE,
1.—AEGINETIA.

. A. indica, Roxb. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 257. On Victoria Peak

and elsewhere, parasitic on Rhodododendron, Gleichenia and
vrass roots, Hongkong ; Lanfa Mt., Hoifung ; Lienchow
River ; Lofoushan. Fl. white outside and dark purple
inside, "August.

LENTIBULARIACEAE.

1.—UTRICULARIA.
Key to species.

Floating plant ... ste ee spe 2.
Marsh plant... des ite se 3.
Corolla 4 inch across... sine we 1. flexuosa.
Corolla 4 i inch across... . «» 2. diantha.
Leaves linear, absent in flower sa 4.
Leaves orbicular, persistent ... aes 6.
Scales fixed by base... sive ie 5.
Scales fixed by the centre... 3. racemosa,
Flowers blue ; fruiting pedicels erect... 4. coerulea,
Flowers yellow ; 3 fruiting pedicels

recurved... 5. bifida.
Corolla spur slender, equal to lower lip 6. orbiculata.
Corolla spur conical, much shorter than

lower lip... ea : . 4%. Harlandi.
. U. flexuosa, Vahl; Benth. FI. Hongk. 255. In small streams

and ponds, Hongkong ; ; in ponds at Kowloon, Sanwai and
elsewhere, Hongkong New Territory; Swatow ; Whampoa;
common in stagnant pools, Canton; North River. Fi.
yellow, October.

. U. diantha, Roem. et Schult. ; Benth. 1.c. 256. In small streams,

Hongkong. FI, yellow, July—November,

wo

~1

bo

192

. U. racemosa, Wall.; Benth. 1. c. 258. Common in marshes,

Hongkong; Madénshan, Hongkong New Territory ;
Hoifung ; common at "Macao. FL purple, August—
January.

. U. coerulea, Linn. ; Benth. 1. c. 256. In marshes at Victoria

Peak, Cape d’Aguilar and elsewhere, Hongkong ;
Taimoshan at 1500 ft. Hongkong New Territory ;
Kwangtung without locality. FI. blue, February—July.

U. bidfia, Zinn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 256. Ditch on the
Shaukiwan Road, Hongkong ; Taimoshan, Lowu, Hong-
kong New Territory ; Chaochaufu. Fl. yellow, September
— April.

U. orbiculata, Wall.; Benth. 1. c. 256. In the Happy Valley
and on Mt. Gough, Hongkong. FI. lilac with a yellow
palate, October.

. U. Harlandi, Oliver in Benth. l. c. 257. Ona rock in a ravine

on Mt. Gough, on a damp rock above L'aitam reservoir,
Hongkong. Fl. ---—, October.

GESNERACEAE,

Key to genera.

. Perfect stamens 4 2.
Perfect stamens 2 6.
. Stem long leafy 3.
Stem very short or none 5.
. Capsule linear ... ve oe 4,
Berry ovate ib ae - 2. Rhynchotechum.
. Plant very woolly ee ane w» ll. Loxostigma.
Plant glabrous ... 1. Aeschynanthus.
. Calyx ‘and corolla 4-merous 5. Bournea.
Calyx and corolla 5-merous 3. Oreocharis.
. Corolla salver-shaped .. wee 4 Primulina,
Corolla campanulate or ‘urceolate te
. Capsule linear, more than 5 times as
long as broad _ 8.
Capsule oblong, not more than 4 times
as long as broad... ans .» 9. Hemiboea,
. Capsule twisted... wei ose .. 10. Boea.
Capsule straight ae cis 9;
. Corolla urceolate- -campanulate with
5 erect triangular lobes 6. Petrocodon.
Corolla campanulate, bilabiate 7. Didymocarpus,
etc,
1—AESCHYNANTHUS.
Key to species.
Leaves acuminate, cuneate, entire... 1. acuminatus.

Leaves oblong, sub-obtuse at both
ends, with a few teeth at top... 2. apicidens,

198

—_

. A. acuminatus, Wall. ; A. bracteatus, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 258.
Trailing on rocks on Mt. Victoria and Mt. Gough, Hong-
kong ; Lantao Island and Taimoshan, Hongkong New
Territory. Fl. green, yellowish inside and reddish on the
edges, January,

2. A. apicidens, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1883, 167. Taiping on

the Lienchow River. Fl. —-.

2.—RHYNCHOTECHUM.

. R. ellipticum, A.DC.; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv.
373. Lienchow River; North River. Fl. rose-purple,
August.

_

3.—OR EOCHARIS.
"Key to species.
1, Leaves with raised woolly reticulations

beneath... ae a v1. Benthami.
Veins of leaves not conspicuously re-

ticulated ... ies as 2.
2. Leaves regularly crenate av te 3.
Leaves entire ...° ... yr ww. = 2. filipes.
3. Flowers salver-shaped ... ie w. = 3. Auricula.
Flowers campanulate ... sit w 4. fokienensis.

1. 0. Benthami, Clarke; .Didymocarpus Oreocharis,, Hance ;
Maxim. in Mél. Biol. ix. 369. Grassy places among rocks
on High West, Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hongkong
New Territory ; Hoitung ; White Cloud hills, Canton ;
Lienchow River; Namfong River; Tingushan ‘near
Chaokingfu, West River. Fl. purple, August.

2. O. filipes, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1883, 166. Beneath over-
hanging rocks in the defile of Yeungtin, Lienchow River.
Fl. ——.

3. 0. Auricula, Clarke; Didymocarpus Auricula, S. Moore in
Journ. Bot. 1875, 229. Top of the Phoenix Mt., Swatow.
Fl. dark purple, April.

4, 0. fokienensis, F’ranchet in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. xlvi. 212.
Hoifung. FI. pink, September.

4.—PRIMULINA.
i. Tabacum, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1883, 169. Lienchow
River. Fl. purplish white, August—October.
5.—BOURNEA.
1. B. sinensis, Oliver in Hook. Ic. Pl t. 2254. Lofoushan
at 3000 ft. Fl, ——, September. eh

6.—PETROCODON.

‘1. P. dealbatus, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1883, 167. Near Tsinglin
on the Lienchow River. Fl. greenish white, October.

21516 N

194
7.—DIDYMOCARPUS.

Key to species of Didymocarpus and Chirita (No. 8).

1. Leaves rotund, cordate or reniform ... 2.
Leaves round or narrowed at base... 3.

2. Calyx segments linear ... is .. D. rotundifolia,
Calyx segments oblong rr a. = 7, C. Dryas.

3. Calyx }-fid ... sis ais w» 1. C. anachoreta
Calyx more than ?-fid ... ae os 4.

4. Corolla saccate at base ae ve = 2. CC. sinensis.
Corolla tube cylindric ... ide oie 5.

5. Leaves gradually narrowed into petiole 6.
Leaves abruptly passing into petiole ... 10.

6. Bracts small, linear... so sel 7.
Bracts large, ovate, connate ... we. = S.C eburnea.

7. Leaves softly hairy on both sides... 8.
Leaves hispid or subglabrous ... ie 9.

8. Leaves quite entire... ie ... D, demissa.
Leaves crenulate es my we «4. CO, Suliae.

9. Leaves oblong-lanceolate ie .. D. Hancei.
Leaves ovate-spathulate ae .. D. Fordii.

10. Leaves obtuse ... ie side a 11.
Leaves acute ... ie asa «6. C. macrosiphon.
11. Acaulescent plant aes wis as 3.

Plant with leafy stem ... ie a» 5. C. obtusa,

1, D. rotundifolia, Hems?. Enum. Pl. China, ii. 230. North River.

Fl. purple or blue, July.

. D. demissa, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1883, 166. On rocks near

Saingan on the Lienchow River. Fl. white, October.

. D. Hancei, Hemsi. Enum. Pl. China, ii. 229. North River.

Fl. rose-lilac coloured, April.

. D. Fordii, Hemsi. 1. c. 229. North River. Fi. light violet,

September.

8. CHIRITA.

For key 1o species see Didymocarpus (No. 7).

- C. anachoreta, Hance ; Maxim. in Mél. Biol. ix. 370. Rocky

torrent banks. In rocky ground on the Lanfa Mt.,
Hoifung ; near the Buddist temple Filoitz on the North
River ; Lofoushan 600 to 900 ft. Fl. pink, August.

. C. sinensis, Zindl.; Benth. FI. Hongk. 259. Common in

damp places in ravines, Hongkong ; Lantao Island and
Maénshan, Hongkong New Territory ; Swatow ; North
River. Fl. lilac-coloured, all the year.

. C. eburnea, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1883, 168. Saingan on the

Lienchow River. Fl. yellowish with reddish lines and
orange-coloured spots, October.

. C. Juliae, Hance 1. c. 168. Lienchow River. FI. violet-blue,

October.

195

5. C. obtusa, Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phan. v. 1. 114. Kwaisin,
Hoifung ; North-west River; Soliukun Monastery,
Lofoushan at 00 ft. FI. purplish blue, August.

6. C. macrosiphon, Hance; Clarke 1. c. 130. Wet rocks on
Tingushan near Chaokingfu, W. River. Fl. reddish-
orange, ——.

7. C. Dryas, Dunn sp.u., C. stnensi, Lindl. affinis, sed corolla basi
non saccata et colore ejus rubro (si collector Lo Quai
verbum anglicum red recte intellegit) differt.

Herba acaulis, ubique praeter flores pilis septatis laxe vestita.
Folia rotundata vel late elliptica, apice obtusa, basi
brevissime acuminata, 2°5-4'5 cm. longa, integra vel
obscure crenata, chartacea, petiolo compresso paullo
longiora ; nervi utrinque 3. Scapi 1-3, 10-25 em. longi.
Flores 1-3, in summo scapo umbellati, bracteis 2 lanceolatis
vel ovatis 1-1°5 cm. longis suffulti, 2°5 cm. longi;
pedicelli graciles, 8-10 mm. longi. Sepala 5, oblonga, obtusa,
2 mm. longa, pubescentia. Corolla rubra, regulariter
anguste infundibuliformis, exterius tenuiter pubescens ;
lobi ovati, obtusi, tubo duplo breviores. Stamina 4, in
medio tubo inserta, inclusa, 2 perfecta, 2 ananthera ;
filamenta glanduloso-pilosa. Ovarzwm dense pubescens.

On damp rocks in woods at Waichau, N.W. River, 31.7. 1890,
Lo Quai. Herb. Hongk. n. 248,

9.—HEMIBOEA.

1. H. follicularis, Clarke in Hook. Ic. Pl. sub t. 1798. Lienchow
River. Fl. green and dark red, August.
10.—BOEA.
Key to species.
Leaves penninerved... see we L. dietyoneura.
Leaves palminerved ... are we 2. hygrometrica,
1. B. dictyoneura, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1883, 169. Along the
Lienchow River. FI. , June.
2. B. hygrometrica, R.Br.; DC. Prodr. ix. 271. North River.

F]. blue, June.

11.—LOXOSTIGMA..

1. L. aureum, Dunn in Journ. Bot. 1907, 403. Shakau, North-
west River. Fl. yellow, July.

BIGNONIACEAE.
Key to genera.
1. Stamens 5 soa fea de ve Ll. Oroxylum,
Stamens 4 ee we ngs Sis 2.
2, Flowers 4—5 inches long tse «+ 3, Stereospermum.
Flowers 2-3 inches long ase se 2, Tecoma.

21516 N 2

10.

11.

. O. indicum, Vent. ;

. Corolla 2-lipped; stamens 4 ...

196

1.—OROXYLUM.

Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 378.

Behind the Buddhist Temple, Causeway Bay, Hongkong ;

at Hahang, Hongkong New Territory.

September.
2.—TECOMA.

Canton. FI. rose,

. T. grandiflora, Zozsel. Herb. Amat. v. 185.

3.—-STEREOSPERMUM.

sulphur-coloured, June.

PEDALINACEAE.

1.—SESAMUM.

. S. sinicum, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1882, 16.

North River.

Fl. purplish,

Woods near

Fl.

. 8. indicum, Zinn ; Clarke in Hook. f. FJ. Brit. Ind. iv. 387.

In waste places at Sheko, Hongkong ; Lekun, Hongkong
New Territory ; Hoifung; Sanning. FI. pink and yellow,

J une—September.

ACANTHACEAE.

Key to genera.

. Climbing plant ..

Erect or denanhent iiealy or aires

. Corolla lobes contorted in bud

Corolla lobes imbricated in bud

Corolla subequally 5 - lobed, lobes

spreading

. Ovules 6 or more in eels call ; sianiena 4

Ovules 2 in each cell; stamens 4 or 2

- Flowers axillary or paniculate

Flowers in short terminal spikes

. Flowers in dense terminal spikes

Flowers scattered

. Corolla lobes 5, nearly equal ...

Corolla one- or two-lipped

. Corolla with long tube and spreading

lobes aise
Corolla campanulate, with short tube.

. Bracts large spiny

Bracts inconspicuous
Corolla expanded into a single Jarge lip
Corolla two-lipped

Stamens 4; flowers in dense hairy spikes
Stamens 2 —

wre

SOUP DD

. Thunbergia.

2.
3.
in

. Hygrophila.

4.

5.

6.
Hemigraphis.

. Ruellia.
. Daedalacanthus.
. Strobilanthes.

8.
10.

9.
16.
Barleria.

. Asystasia,

Acanihus.
ll.

: Lepidagathis.

12.

“hp os
MS.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

197

Anthers 2-celled a 13.
Anthers 1-celled ; flowers in calyx-like

involucres ... 17. Hypoestes.
Anthers cells es lower mucronate

or spurred .. 15.
Anther cells equal, one much below

other si # sat oes 14.
Placentae elastic gas ee ... 16. Peristrophe.
Placentae not elastic ... 15. Dicliptera.
Dissepiment separating from. ‘valves ;

flowers in cylindric or 4-sided spikes 14, Rungia.
Dissepiment persistently attached to

valves ane sats .. 18, Justicia.
Leaves in a basal rosette bie 2. Ebermaiera.
Leaves scattered, without a basal rosette 11. Codonacanthus.
1.—THUNBERGIA.
Key to species.

. Leaves palmately lobed ie ages Me oe tflora.
Leaves cordate or hastate, entire

. Flowers white ... ays wis ee, Oe pra
Flowers yellow ... te be .» 8. alata.

. T grandiflora, Roxd.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 260. In a ravine at
Chaiwan, Hongkong ; ; Lantao Island, Kowloon catchwater,
and Madnshan, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. blue, July.

. T. fragrans, Roxb. ; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 390.

Robinson Road, Hongkong. FI. pure white, June—Sep-
tember.

. T. alata, Bojer; DC. Prodr. xi. 58. Very common on Mts.

Victoria, Kellet and Gough, Hongkong; Hoifung. Fl.
yellow, or yellow with a purple throat, March—October.

2.—EBERMAIEBRA.

. E. concinnula, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1868, 300. Mossy rocks

near Saichushan ; by rivulets at Yit-hai, Han valley. Fl.
white, April.

3.—HYGROPHILA.

. H. salicifolia, Nees ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 261. Marshes, Hast

Point in a swamp, Little Hongkong and Wanchai, Hong-
kong; Lantao Island, Kowloon Catchwater, Hongkong
New Territory ; Kwaisin and Hoifung ; common in shallow
water on banks of Canton River ; ditches at Whampoa.
FI. light blue, September—February.

4.—RUELLIA.
Key to species.

Flowers about } inch long... . 1. repens.
Flowers about 14 inches long ... w=. 2. -venusta,

1.

2.

198
R. repens, Linn. ; Benth, Fl. Hongk. 261. At Little Hong-

kong, Hongkong ; Kwangtung without locality. Fl. blue,

August.
R. venusta, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1868, 92. Shady woods above
the cloister of Filoitz, North River. Fl. blue, August.

5.—DAEDALACANTHUS.

. D. nervosus, 7’. Anders. ; Clarke in Hook. f. I'l. Brit. Ind. iv,

418. Shady rocky woods along the West River. FI. blue,
January and February.

6.—HEMIGRAPHIS.

. H. chinensis, 7. Anders, ; Ruellia chinensis, Nees in DC. Prodr.

xi. 147. Whampoa; near the White Cloud monastery,
Canton; Tungkun, E, River delta. FI. yellow, October.

7.—_STROBILANTHES.
Key to species.

1. Bracts deciduous. we ane ar 5.
Bracts persistent ae is ae 2
2. Undershrub with leaves white below ;
stamens 2 ... nis ues we Ll. apricus,
Prostrate or decum|ent herb ; stamens 4 3.
3. Flowers 2 inches long, in interrupted
spikes ile wine ays .. 2. flaccidifolius.
Flowers ? inch long, in short heads or
axillary clusters... i isi 4,
4, Sepals fringed ... ee aise w. 3. debilis,
Sepals not fringed .... Sis w» 4, radicans.
5. Leaves glabrous as veh we 5. penstemonordes.

Leaves hairy... ie ie 6. dimorphotrichus.

. 8. apricus, 7. Anders. in Benth. Fl. Hongk. 262. Common on

the south side of the island, Hongkong. FI. blue,
November.

8. flaccidifolius, Nees in DC. Prodr. xi. 194. In shady places on
Mt. Gough and Mt. Parker, Hongkong ; at Fotaumun,
Hongkong New Territory; North River. Fl. blue,
December.

. 8. debilis, Hemsi. Enum. Pl. China, ii. 239. Lofoushan. FI.

lilac or purple, April.

. 8. radicans, 7. Anders. in Benth, Fl. Hongk. 262. Mt. Gough

and Mt. Victoria, Hongkong ; Lienchow River. FI.
November.
8. i ear T. Eads Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit,
nd. iv. 460. ienchow River. FI,
December. rae ee
§. dimorphotrichus, Hance in Journ, Bot. 1883, 355. Ina damp
wood at Fukshanmun on the Lienchow River. Fl, — —
October. ;

3

199

8.—ACANTHUS.

. A. ilicifolius, Zinn. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 263. At Taitam Tuk

and Little Hongkong in salt marshes, Hongkong ; Taipo,
Ngchungshan, Tailamchung and elsewhere, Hongkong
New Territory ; Macao. FI. blue, January—June.

9.—BARLERIA.

. B. cristata, Linn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 262. Cape d’ Aguilar,

Hongkong; Whampoa; Pakhoi. Fl. white, pink or
purple, October— December.

10.—ASYSTASIA.

. A. violacea, Dalz. ex Clarke in Hook. f£. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 494.

North River. FI. blue, November.
11—CODONACANTHOUS.

. ©. pauciflorus, Nees; Benth. Fl. Hongk, 267. In ravines of

Mt. Gough and Mt. Victoria, Hongkong ; Taimoshan at
2500 ft., Hongkong New Territory ; Lanfa Mt., Hoifung.
Fl. white, September—November.

12.—LEPIDAGATHIS.

. L. hyalina, Nees ; Benth. 1.c. 263. East Point, Wongneichong,

Bowen Road and Chaiwan, Hongkong ; Malautong, and
Taisuihang, Hongkong New ‘lerritory; Macao. FI.
white, February,

13.—JUSTIOIA.
Key to species.

. Bracts broad, herbaceous... ius a

Bracts narrow ... aes Sis a 4

. Prostrate hairy herb ... eas je: ale Championi.

‘Erect nearly glabrous shrub ... si 3.
3. Leaves acuminate ; spikes axillary .... 2. Adhatoda.
Spikes terminal... ig oa ‘ia 6.
4, Tall glabrous shrub... sits ase 5.
Small hairy herb re .» ~~ 4. procumbens. ,
5. Leaves linear-lanceolate ss we 5, Gendarussa,
Leaves ovate ... sls at ... 6, leptostachya,
6. Leaves 4-6 inches long, gradually

roy

bo

narrowed into a short stout petiole 3. ventricosa,
Leaves 1-3 inches long, suddenly
narrowed into a slender petiole ... 7. glauca.

. J. Championi, 7. Anders. in Benth. Fl. Hongk. 264. In

ravines of Mt. Gough and Mt. Victoria, Hougkong ;
Lofoushan. Fl. ——, August.

. J. Adhatoda, Zinn. ; Benth. 1.c. 264. In ravines near Taitam,

Hongkong; Macao. Fl. white with purple lines
December—March.

200

. J. ventricosa, Wall.; Benth. 1. c. 264. At Wongneichong,
Hongkong; West River. FI. white spotted with red,
May.

. J. aronenbae, Linn. ; Rostellaria procumbens, Nees ; Benth.
1. c. 265. Mt. Gough and elsewhere on roadsides and
waste places, Hongkong; Lanfa Mt., Hoifung ; common
weed, Canton. FI. purple, August—October. .

. J. Gendarussa, Linn. f.; Benth. 1.c. 264. Hongkong without
locality ; in a ravine above Taipo Road, and at Santin,
Hongkong New Territory; Whampoa; Pakhoi. FI.
greenish-white, March. ;

. J. leptostachya, Hemsi. Enum. Pl. China, ii. 245. Lienchow
River. Fl. ——, August.

. J. glauca, Rottb.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 529. | Mang-
chaihap-han, North River. Fl. ——, August.

14.—RUNGIA.

Key to species.

Bracts obtuse ... one oes .. Ls chinensis.
Bracts acute... é a .» 2. parviflora.

. R. chinensis, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 266. On Mt. Parker, Hong-
kong ; Kwangtung without locality. Fl. ——.

. R. parviflora, Nees; Clarke in Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 550.
French Island, Whampoa ; Fatshan ; White Cloud hills ;
North River. FI. blue or whitish, March.

15.—DICLIPTERA. |

. D. chinensis, Nees ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 266. _ On roadsides at
Wongneichong and Little Hongkong, Hongkong ; road-
sides at Canton; Macao; Lienchow River. Fl. pale
pink, September—January.

16.—PERISTROPHE.

. P. tinctoria, Nees; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 556.
Damp shady places, Pakhoi. FI]. rose or purple, ——.

17.—HYPOESTES.

. H. purpurea, A. Br.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 265. Pokfulam,
Little Hongkong, Repulse Bay, Hast Point and Mt.
Nicholson, Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hongkong New
Territory; Macao; Lienchow River. Fl. purple,
November.

MYOPORACEAE.

1—MYOPORUM.

- M. bentioides, A. Gray; Polycoelium chinense, A.DC. in DC.
Prodr. xi. 706. At Shatin in a saltwater marsh, Hongkong

New Territory ; on the river bank near Swatow; Pakhoi.
Fi. pink, April.

10.

ll.

201

VERBENACEAE.

Key to genera.

. Inflorescence spicate or in small con-
tracted capitate cymes 2.
Inflorescence in paniculate cymes 6.

. Shrub 3.
Herb g 4,

. Leaves glabrous ‘above 11. Avicennia.
Leaves strigose above .. 1. Lantana.

. Inflorescence terminal .. 5.
Inflorescence axillary .. ‘ 2. Lippia.

. Flowers on a thick grooved axis 3. Stachytar pheta.
Flowers on a slender axis 4. Verbena.

. Corolla under 4 inch, regular ; siatnens

equal 11.
Corolla 2-lipped ; stamens didynamous 7.

. Leaves digitate... . a. «8. Vitex.
Leaves simple ... 8.

. Corolla more than } inch long” 9.
Corolla less than 4 inch long .. 10.

. Corolla tube funnel-shaped 7. Gmelina.
Corolla tube cylindric .. 9. Clerodendron,
Leaves glabrous 6. Premna.
Leaves pubescent beneath 10. Caryopteris,
Inflorescence axillary .. 5. Callicarpa.
Inflorescence terminal ... 6. Premna.

1.—LANTANA.

_ Key to species.
Fruit in a round or oblong head 1, Camara,
Fruit in a linear spike 2. triflora.

tw

ry

—y

. L. Camara, Linn. ; Benth. Fl. "Hongk. 268. Very common in
Hongkong, Kowloon, and Hongkong New Territory. FI.
orange-red, purple or white, all the year.

. L. triflora, Zinn. ; Bot. Mag. t. 1449. Wanchaiand on Bowen
Road, Hongkong. Fl. pink, ——.

2.—LIPPIA.

. L. nodiflora, AWichz.; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 563.
Mt. Kellet, Hongkong ; Kowloon, Hongkong New Terri-

tory ; seashore at Swatow. FI. pinkish-purple to white,
July.

3.—STACHYTARPHETA.

. S. indica, Vahl; Clarke 1. c. 564. Common on roadsides in
Hongkong and Kowloon. FI. blue, all the year.

202

4.—VERBENA.
Key to species.
Spikes linear... ee ae w — L. officinalis.

Spikes ovate... ae ee we 2. bonariensts.

1. V. officinalis, Zinn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 268. At Causeway
Bay, and on roadsides and waste places, Hongkong ‘
Lantao Island, Hongkong New ‘Territory ; Kwaisin,
Swatow; Hoifung. FI. purple, April—September.

2. V. bonariensis, Linn. ; DC. Prodr. xi. 541. Waste places at
Kennedy town, Hongkong. FI. lilac-coloured, July.

5.—CALLICARPA.
Key to species.
1. Calyx 4 fid ise diag dia wl. tomentosa.
Calyx truncate or 4-toothed ... ‘ib 2.
2, Cymes 3-4 inches long by 3 inches wide 3.
Cymes 24 inches long or less ... “ 5.
3. Calyx glabrous... i ae w. =. Reeves.
Calyx stellately hairy ... bs sae 4,
4, Leaves serrate, narrowed at both ends 3. macrophylla.
Leaves entire, rounded below... w. 4, integerrima,
5. Plant subglabrous ; leaves acuminate at
both ends ... tie ar a 6.
Plant hairy, or leaves obtuse at base ts
6. Leavessmall,shortly obtuselyacuminate 5. purpurea.
Leaves large, gradually acutely acum-
inate eat eve ae .. 6. longifolia.
7. Leavesattenuate or rarely rounded below 8.
Leaves cordate at base 8. rubella.
8. Cymes subsessile : see we 9. brevipes.
Peduncles of cymes over one inch long 7. formosana.
1, C. tomentosa, Willd.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 269. Common in

ravines, Hongkong; around Canton. FI. purple, June.

. C. Reevesii, Wall.; Benth. 1. c. 270. East Point and

Wongneichong Road, Hongkong; Kwangtung various
localities. FI. purple, August.

. C. macrophylla, Vahl; Benth. 1. c. 270. Hongkong without

locality ; Taipo Road, Hongkong New Territory. Fl.
purple, July.

C. integerrima, Champ. ; Benth. 1. c.270. Above Bowen Road
and elsewhere, Hongkong. FI. purple, June.

. C. purpurea, Juss.; Schauer in DC. Prodr. xi. 645. On the

Fanling-Taipo Road, and near Sanwai, Hongkong New
Territory ; Hoifung; Lienchow River; North River;
Lofoushan. FI. purple, May—September.

. C. longifolia, Zam.; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 570.

Cape d’Aguilar, Hongkong; Hahang, Hongkong New
Territory ; near Canton; Macao. Fl. purple, pink or
white, June.

203

~

. C. formosana, Rolfe in Journ. Bot. 1882, 358. Taipo, Hongkong
New Territory ; near Chaochaufu. FI. purple, April.

. C. rubella, Zindl.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 271. At Chaiwan,
Hongkong ; Lantao Island and Taimoshan, Hongkong
New Territory; hedges near Chaochaufu; Sanning ;
Lienchow River. Fl. purple, May—August.

io.2)

9. C. brevipes, Hance in Ann. Sci. Nat. sér. 5. v. 233. Happy
Valley, Hongkong ; Lantao, Hongkong New Territory ;
foot of Phoenix Mountain, Swatow. Fl. ——, June.’

6.—PREMNA.
Key to species.
Leaves glabrous sie bate we L. integrifolia.
Leaves tomentose beneat ain ww. = 2, Fordit.

1. P. integrifolia, Linn. ; P. serratifolia, Linn. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk.
269. Taitam 'l'uk, Shaukiwan, and elsewhere, Hongkong;
low ground near Maénshan, and between Taipo and Fanling,
Hongkong New Territory ; Macao. FI. greenish-yellow,
June.

2. P. Fordii, Dunn sp. n., a speciebus affinibus foliis cordatis
remota.

Frutea erectus, ramulis hornotinis velutinis, cortice tandem
glabro. Folia opposita, cordato-ovata, acuminata, apice
obtusa, apiculata, 4-5°5 cm. longa, integra, papyracea,
supra tenuiter, infra molliter hirsuta; venae 4-pares,
obscurae; petioli 4-8mm. longi. Paniculae angustae,
terminales; ramuli cymosi, nonnunquam in racemulos
densos elongati, bracteati. Flores albi flavique, 3mm.
longi. Calyx 1mm. longus, pubescens, in 5 dentes
triangulares obtusos tubo duplo breviores lobatus. Corolla
fere cylindrica, in lobos 4, superiores tubo 8-plo breviores
divisa, lobo inferiore ceteris bis longiore. Stamina 4, in
medio tubo affixa, inferiora longiora. Ovarium biloculare,
loculis biovulatis, stylo paullo exserto bifido. Drupae
pyzena bilocularis.

Be aura July 1890, Ford n. 250. FI. white and yellow,

fuly.

7.—GMELINA. .
Key to species.

1. Calyx truncate ... ‘ 1. chinensis.

Calyx with broad triangular teeth ... 2.
2. Calyx } inch long on ise .. 3. arborea.
Calyx # inch long wa sn w» 2. hainanensis.

1, G, chinensis, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 272. Hongkong without
locality ; Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory. FI.
yellow, June.

2. G. hainanensis, Oliver in Hook. Ic. Pl. subt. 1874. S. Kwang-
tung? Fl. purple with white edge, ——.

3. G. arborea, Lenn. ; Fook. f. Fl. Brit, Ind, iv, 581, Sanning.
Fl. yellow, August,

bo

204

8.—VITEX.
Key to species.

. Calyx truncate, denticulate

Calyx acutely dentate or lobed

. Leaves tomentose beneath .... ae

Leaves glabrous or pubescent beneath

. Fruit } inch long
Fruit 2 inch long ‘ sigs ant
. Plants tomentose or densely pubescent

Plants glabrous

. Leaflets large, entire 0: coarsely toothed

Leaflets small, deeply cut... eva

. V. trifolia, Zinn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 273.

2,
4,
l. trifolia.
3.
2. heterophylla.
3. urceolata.
5.
4, Sampsoni.
5. Negundo,

6. incisa.

Common on the

sandy shores of Repulse Bay, Deepwater Bay, Chaiwan,
and elsewhere, Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong New
Territory ; \lacao; near Solinkun at 900ft.; Lofoushan.

Fl. blue, July.

. V. heterophylla, Rorb.; V. Loureiri, Hook. et Arn.; Benth.

Fl. Hongk. 273. Mt. Gough and Mt. Kellet, Hongkong ;
Lantao Island and Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory ;

Canton ; Lofoushan.

chow River. Fl. yellow, August.

. V. Sampsoni, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1868, 115.

FI. yellowish-white, July.
. V. ureeolata, Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 585. Lien-

Hedges and

bushy places, Swatow ; Tingushan; Molum on the West

River.

Fl. blue, May—September.
. V. Negundo, Zinn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 273.

Wongneichong,

Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Taimoshan, and near Lown,
Hongkong New Territory ; river bank near Chaochaufu,
Swatow. FI. lavender-coloured, March—July.

9.—CLERODENDRON.

Key to species.

. Inflorescence axillary ...

Panicles terminal

. Calyx truncate, scarcely toothed

Calyx acutely 5-fid ...

. Panicles compact

Panicles lax

. Calyx teeth subulate

Calyx teeth ovate, acuminate ... :

. Flowers scarlet; leaves with peltate

scales = as ss
Flowers whitish ; leaves scaleless

. C.inerme, Gaertn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 271.

2.
3.
l. znerme.
2. fortunatum.
4,
5.
4. fragrans.
5. canescens.

6. squamatum,
3 cyrtophyllum,

Common near

the sea at Aberdeen and elsewhere, Hongkong ; Plovers’
Cove, Hongkong New Territory ; Lime. Pome Chao-

chaufu, Swatow ; North River.

Fl. white,

ay.

205

. C. fortunatum, Linn.; C. lividum, Lindl. ; Benth. 1. c. 272.

In the Happy Valley, above Wanchai Gap, and elsewhere,

Hongkong ; Lantao Island and Taimoshan, Hongkong

New Territory ; Whampoa. Fl. white, June.

. ©. cyrtophyllum, Zurcz.; Maxim. in Mél. Biol. xii. 520.

Lantao Island; Hongkong New Territory ; St. John’s

Island ; Pakhoi. FI. white, July—October.

. C. fragrans, Vent. ;. Bot. Mag. t. 1834. Naturalised in Hong-

. kong ; at Hahang, Hongkong New Territory ; Swatow ;
Hoifung ; Lienchow River ;.Lofoushan. Fl. pale rose,
A pril— December.

. C. canescens, Vall. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 272. On Mt. Victoria

and other places, Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong

New Territory ; on the bank of the Han River, Swatow ;

about the town of Saiheung; Macao. FI. white, May.

. C. squamatum, Vahl; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 593.

Naturalised in Hongkong. FI. scarlet, May.

10.—CARYOPTERIS.

. C. Mastacanthus, Schauer ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 268. In ravines
of Mt. Nicholson, on Victoria Peak, and Mt. Gough, Hong-
kong; Kuntong, Hongkong, New Territory ; Hoifung ;
Pakhoi ; Lienchow River. Fl. pale lavender, October.

11.—AVICENNIA.

. A, officinalis, Zinn, ; Clarke in Hook f. FI. Brit. Ind. iv. 604. In
a saltwater swamp at Little Hongkong, Hongkong ;

Cape Syngmoon (Capsuimun), Hongkong New Territory.
Fl, yellow, July.

LABIATAE.

. Flowers minute, densely packed in
slender spikes site see sd 2.
Flowers not in dense slender spikes ... 4,

. Flowers two-lipped .. 8. Pogostemum.
Flowers with equal lobes ve» = 9. Dysophylla.
. Anther cells distant ... ii w- 16. Salvia,
Anther cells contiguous “9 nee 5.
. Stamens 2 sa ai nag i 3.
Stamens 4 ve sts sa eis 27.
. Leaves dentate ... ee ae ww. Ll. Mosla.
Leaves serrate ; flowers in dense axillary
whorls wie ie ves w» = 13. Lycopus.
. Upper corolla lobe flat sy ie 7.
Upper corolla lobe hooded... oe 20.
. Stamens in pairs Chee ane ae 8.
Stamens exserted, declinate into lower
lip ... ae ee oer aes 14,
. Upper pair of stamens longer ... a 9.

Stamens equal or lower pair longer ... 10.

206:

9. Inflorescence dense, spikelike ... 17. Lophanthus.
Flowers lax... Pe ii ws 18. Nepeta.
10. Calyx in fruit bilabiate sei bes ll.
Calyx teeth equal in wie we 12;
11. Calyx 13-nerved as wee .. 15. Calamintha
Calyx 10-nerved se aid .- 10. Perilla.
12. Inflorescence axillary ... 12. Mentha.
Inflorescence terminal ... age ind 13.
13. Inflorescence cymose ... tes w» 14. Origanum.
Inflorescence spicate ... ams w 21. Anzsomeles
14. Lower lip of corolla flat 15.
Lower lip of corolla concave or boat-
shaped ve 19.
15. Fruiting calyx with large flat upper
lobe . 16.
Fruiting calyx “with equal teeth ; 3 in-
florescence ee ue «5. Moschosma.
16. Fruit deflexed . ve
Fruit declinate or erect ais 18.
17. Corolla tube elongate, exserted 4. Orthosiphon.
Corolla tube short eg ve lL. Ocimum.
18. Upper filaments appendaged .. we 3. Mesona.
Upper filaments naked... ia 2. Geniospermum.
19. Lower corolla lip stipitate, abr bruptly
deflexed ... eis : .. 7. Hyptis.
Lower corolla lip continuous ... «» 6. Plectranthus.
20. Nut fleshy 27. Gomphostemma.
Nut dry 21.
21. Calyx bipartite... 19. Seutellaria.
Calyx tubular ... 22.
22. Calyx 10-toothed see .. 25, Leucas.
Calyx 5-toothed Pe ‘iis set 23.
23. Inflorescence cymose ... see .. 20. Microtaena,
Inflorescence whorled ... 24,
24. Leaves pinnatifid 23. Leonurus.
Leaves toothed 25.
25. Whorls all axillary 26. Phlomis.
Whorls terminal oa ees 26.
26. Nuts rounded at top ... wes 22. Stachys.
Nuts truncate, angled .. 24. Lamium.
27. Lower lip of corolla much longer than
upper 28.
Lower lip of corolla equal to or shorter
than upper . 6.
28. Upper lip wanting 28. Teucrium.
Upper lip short bifid 29. Ajuga.
1.—OCIMUM.
1. 0. Basilicum, Zinn.; Hook. f. FI. Brit. Ind. iv. 608.

Cultivated near Canton.

September Bl. white, pink or purplish,

207
2.—GENIOSPERMUM.

1. @. holochilum, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1879, 13. Pakhoi. FI.

——, November.

3.—MESONA.

Key to species.
Upper calyx lip 3-toothed .... a 2.
Upper calyx lip entire... ae .. 2. prunelloides,
Stems procumbent _... a8 «+ 3. procumbens.
Stems erect... ; ast we 1. chinensis,

1. M. chinensis, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 274, At Chaiwan, Hongkong.

Fl.

2. M. prunelloides, Hemsl. Enum. Pl. China, ii, 267. Pakhoi.

3.

Fl. —.

M. procumbens, Hems/. in Ann. Bot. ix. 155. Malautong,
Hongkong New Territory ; foot of Phoenix Mt., Swatow.
Fl. pink, April.

4.—ORTHOSIPHON.

. 0. sinensis, Hemsi. 1. c. 268. West River. Fl. orange-

coloured, September.

5.—MOSCHOSMA.

1. M. polystachyum, (enth.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 612.
Cape Syngmoon (Capsuimun), Hongkong New Territory.
FI. flesh-coloured, ——.
6.—PLECTRANTHUS.
Key to species.

1. Leaves whorled in threes a -- 1. ternifolius.
Leaves opposite se aes ees 2.

2. Calyx teeth equal va bs fag 4,
Calyx bilabiate ... — oe aie 3.

3. Racemes simple... ese oe sevovs 2. marmoritis.
Cymes paniculate 3. Tatei.

4. Leaves fleshy, cordate-rotund... 4. carnosifolius,
Leaves acute or acuminate ot ;

5. Corolla tube straight ... mG 6.
Corolla tube abruptly deflexed ena iP

6. Calyx hispid ss 5. striatus.
Calyx glabrous or pubescent .. v6. Gerardianus.

7. Leaves glandular is re see 7. stnensis,
Leaves nearly eglandular 8,

8. Calyx erect in fruit... wie 8. amethystoides.
Calyx declinate in fruit nx 9. nervosus,

208

1. P. ternifolius, D. Don ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 621. Open
grassy uplands, Taipo Road, Taimoshan and Patsin,
Hongkong New Territory. Fl. white with pink spots at
base of upper lip, October—January.

2, P. marmoritis, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1874, 53. On marble
rocks of the “Seven Sisters” on the West River. Fi.
rose-coloured, July.

3. P. Tatei, Hemsi. Enum. Pl. China, ii. 274. Lienchow River ;
Wongyu in waste ground. Fl. ——, December.

4. P. carnosifolius, Hemsi. 1. c. 270. On the North River. FI.
whitish-purple, September.

5. P. striatus, Benth. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 618. Lantao
Island, Hongkong New Territory ; Lofoushan at 3000 ft.
Fl. rose, August—October. ;

6. P. Gerardianus, Benth.; Hook. f.1. c. 617. Along the Lien-
chow River. FI]. white, October.

Pe eo Jftg. in Journ, de Bot. Néerl. i. 115. Faythong.

8. P. amethystoides, Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii.61. Near Fanling,
Hongkong New Territory ; low hills around Canton. FI.
slate-blue, October.

9. P. nervosus, Hemsi. Enum, Pl. China, ii. 272. Lienchow
River; North River. FI. blue, November.

7.—HYPTIS.

1. H. suaveolens, Pott. in Ann. Mus. Par. vii. t. 29. Deepwater
Bay, Hongkong ; Unui village, Hongkong New Territory ;
stream near Chaochaufu. FI. blue, April.

8.—POGOSTEMOM.
1. P. Championi, Prain in Kew Bull. 1908, 254. Mt. Parker,
Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory.
Fl pale purple, August.
9.—DYSOPHYLLA.
Key to species.

1, Leaves 4-10 in a whorl sine we 2. verticillata.
Leaves 2~3 (rarely 4)in a whorl... 2
2. Plant glabrous ... an F 3. Sampsoni.

Plant hairy... ate oe we 1. auricularia,

1. D. auricularia, Blume; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 275. At Taitam
Tuk, Hongkong ; Hahang and near Sanwai, Hongkong
New Territory ; Macao; Pakhoi. FI. pink, September.

2. D. verticillata, Benth.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 639
Hoifung ; around Canton and on the road to the White
Cloud hills; Lienchow River. FI. blue, October—
December.

3. D. Sampsoni, Hance in Ann, Sc. Nat. sér. 5, v. 234.

places around Canton. FI, pink, November: In damp

209

10.—PERILLA.
Key to species,

Leaves crenate-serrate a Sais 1. ocymoides.
Leaves fimbriate and crisped a. 2. nankinensts.

. P. ocymoides, Zinn. ; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv.646. Pokfulam,
Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory ;
Swatow; in the park of the British Consular Yamen,
Canton ; Macao ; Lienchow River. FI. white, September.

. P. nankinensis, Deene.; P. arguta, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 276.
Hongkong without locality ; Kwangtung without locality.
Fl, ——, April to September.

11.—MOSLA.
Key to species.
. Upper lip of calyx obtusely dentate 1. dianthera.

Upper lip of calyx very acutely toothed 2.
. Leaves linear he aa 2. Fordii.
Leaves lanceolate see — iv 3. lanceolata.

. M. dianthera, Mazxim.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 647.
Kwaisin at 2500 ft, Hoifung; Lienchow River ;
Lofoushan at 3100 ft. Fl. purple, August.

. M. Fordii, Mazim. in Mél. Biol. ix. 434. Lofoushan at 3100
ft. and other localities. Fl. ——, August.

3. M. lanceolata, Maxim. ; Perilla lanceolata, Benth. Fl. Hongk.

276. In waste places, Hongkong ; at Malautong, Hong-

kong New Territory ; fields near Chaochaufu ; Whampoa ;

North River. Fl. pink, April—August.

12.—MENTHA.

. M. arvensis, Zinn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 276. In ditches at
Chaiwan, Hongkong; near Sanwai, Hongkong New
Territory ; Kwaisin, Hoifung; Canton. FI. pale pink,
September.

13.—LYCOPUS.

. L. europaeus, Zinn. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 648. Kwaisin,
Hoifung. FI. bluish-white, September.

14.—_ORIGANUM.

. 0. vulgare, Zinn.; Hook.f. le. 648. Kwangtung without
locality. FI. purple, July to August.

15.—CALAMINTHA.
Key to species.

. Bracts lanceolate aor is vO. gracilis,
Bracts setaceous or minute... ces 2.

21515 ie)

210

. Braects minute ... deta ... 2. confinis.

Bracts setaceous, branched Hak .. 3. chinensis.

C. gracilis, Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 232. Common on road-
sides in the Peak district, Hongkong; river bank near
Chaochaufu ; White Cloud hills, Canton. FI. white, April.

. C. confinis, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1868, 331. Swatow district ;

Saichushan, near Canton. FI. rose-coloured, April.

. C. chinensis, Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 233. Fallow fields along

the North River. FI. rose-purple, July.

16.—SALVIA.
Key to species.

. Leaves ovate... aes w» Ll. plebeia.
Leaves cordate or pinnate aes ne 2:
Leaves ovate-oblong, obtuse, nerves

pilose beneath 108 ie ... 2, Prionitis.
Leaves cordate or pinnate usually acu- 3
minate and nearly glabrous .. 3. japonica.

. 8. plebeia, R. Br. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 277. Hongkong with-

out locality ; Dengahan Island, Hongkong New Territory ;
Swatow district ; Canton ; West River. FI. blue, April-
December.

8. Prionitis, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1870, 74. Whampoa. FI.
violet, May.

§. japonica, Thunb. ; S. Fortune, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 277. In
ravines on Ak Kellet and Mt. Nicholson, “Hongkong ;
Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory; Kvwaisin,
Hoifung; Lofoushan. FI. white or purple, July-September.

17.—LOPHANTHUS.

. L. rugosus, Fisch. et Mey.; Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 369.

Lofoushan. FI. blue, August.

18.—NEPETA.

Key to species.
Leaves cordate, acute ... hs ws 1. Fordii.
Leaves reniform ae «2. Glechoma.

. N. Fordii, Hemsi. Enum. Pl. China, j u. 289. Lienchow River.

FL. blue, August-December.

. N. Glechoma, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 277. At Sheko, Hongkong.

Fl. blue, April.

19.-SCUTELLARIA.
Key to species.

. Upper leaves long-stalked —... 4,
2

Upper leaves sessile or short-stalked ..

. Upper leaves sessile... ua we L. rivudaris.

Upper leaves short-stalked ... aoe 3.

211

. Leaves sub-entire sae sits . 2, stenosiphon.
Leaves coarsely crenate ar .. 5, leucodasys.

. Leaves cuneate at base oats 3. formosana.
Leaves obtuse or cordate at base .... 4. indica.

. §. rivularis, Wall.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 670. Fields
near Swatow ; Macao; Lienchow River ; Saichushan nr.
Canton. Fl. blue, March—December.

. §. stenosiphon, Hems/. Enum. Pl. China, ii. 287. Lofoushan.
Fl. lilac, July.

. §. formosana, N.E. Brown in Gard. Chron. 1894, ii. 212.
Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory. FI. bluish,
October—December.

. 8. indica, Zinn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 278. Common on the
tops of hills, Hongkong ; Lantao Island and Taimoshan,
Hongkong New Territory; Swatow district ; White
Cloud hills, Canton; Lienchow River. Fl. blue, March.

. 5. ss ate Mig. in Journ. de Bot. Néerl. i. 116. Pukak.

20.—MICROTAENA.

. M. cymosa, Prain ; Plectranthus Patchouli, Clarke in Hook. f.
Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 624. Shuikwan River. Fl. yellow,
November.

21.—ANISOMELES.

. A. ovata, R. Br.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 278. In damp ground
at Pokfulam, Hongkong ; Plovers’ Cove, Hongkong New
Territory ; Hoifung. Fl. purplish, October.

22.—_STACHYS.
. S. aspera, Michrz.; DC. Prody. xii. 471. West River. FI.
pink, May.
238.—LEONURUS.

. L. sibirieus, Zinn. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind.iv. 678. Wongnei-
chong and Aberdeen, Hongkong; Plovers’ Cove, Hongkong
New Territory ; Lienchow River. Fl. purple, July—
December.

24.—LAMIUM.

. L. chinenses, Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 512. Tingushan on
the West River. Fl. white, May.

25.—LEUCAS.
Key to species.
. Leaves ovate ... a a we 1. mollissima.
Leaves linear ... aie ous si 2.
2. Plant pubescent or hispid... we 2. zeylanica.
Plant glabrous or scabrous... a. 3, Enifolia.

21515 O 2

1.

212

. L. mollissima, /Vall.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 279. At Aberdeen

and roadsides, Hongkong; Kowloon and Cheungchau
Island, Hongkong New Territory ; hill near Chaochaufu.
FI. white, August—November.

. L. zeylanica, R. Br.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 689. At

Chaiwan, Hongkong ; on the bank of the Han River,
Chaochaufu. Fl. white, April—December.

. L. linifolia, Spreng.: Hook. £. Le. 690. _Sandy shores of

Chaiwan Bay, Hongkong. FI. white, July.

26.—PHLOMIS.

P. rugosa, Benth.; DC. Prodr. xii. 545. On the west of Mt.
Parker. Hongkong; Lienchow River. FI. yellowish,
December— February.

27.-GOMPHOSTEMMA.

. G. chinense, Oliver in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1468. Northwest

River; Lofoushan. Fl. white, August.

28.—TEUCRIUM.

Key to species.

Leaves finely serrate ... on we Ll. quadrifarium.
Leaves deeply crenate or serrat ... 2, stoloniferum.

. T. quadrifarium, Ham. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 280. Victoria Peak

and elsewhere, Hongkong. FI. white, July.

. T. stoloniferum, Roxb. ; Benth. |. c. 279. Victoria Peak and

in waste places, Hongkong ; Lofoushan. FI. pink, July.

29.—AJUGA.

Key to species.
Corolla tube gibbous above at base ... 1. decumbens.
Corolla tube cylindric ... ay ws 2. genevensis.

. A. decumbens, Thunb. ; DC. Prodr. xii. 598. Happy Valley,

Hongkong ; Chaochaufu and Hoifung. Fl. white, April
—September.

. A. genevensis, Linn.; DC.1. c. 596. Little Hongkong and

Shaukiwan, Hongkong ; common weed on old walls and
brick rubbish, Canton. FJ. bluish, rose or white, April.

PLANTAGINACEAE.
1.—PLANTAGO.

Key to species.

Spikes short, compact ... ee «+ Ll. lanceolata,
Spikes long, loose below és we 2. major.

P. lanceolata, Linn. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 706. Victoria
Gap and Plunket’s Gap Hongkong. Fl. green, May.

bo

ay

218

. P. major, Zinn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 280.

Common in waste

places, Hongkong; Swatow; Kwaisin, Hoifung. FI.

green, September.

NYCTAGINACEAE.

1.—_BOERHAA VIA.
. B. repens, Linn. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 709. Hongkong

without locality ; Lantao Island, Hongkong New Terri-
tory ; abundant on the city walls, Canton ; Pakhoi. FI.

red, June.

AMARANTACEAE.

Key to genera.

. Leaves alternate

Leaves opposite

. Larger leaves less than twice the length

of the petiole sds es ate
Leaves all more than twice the length
of the petiole

. Flowers abruptly deflexed, with spiny

bracteoles
Flowers not deflexed

. Spikes cylindric or over 4 inch thick...

Spikes globose ... :

. Spikes over 4 inch thick, glabrous

Spikes + inch thick, woolly

. Flowers in sessile clusters

Flowers in racemose spikes

1.—CELOSIA.

eS ore

2;
3
Amarantus.

4.

Achyranthes.
6.
5.
Allmania.
Celosia.

. Aerua.

A lternanthera.
Cyathula.

. C. argentea, Zinn. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 284. At Stanley in

waste places, Hongkong ; Kowloon, Hongkong New Terri-

tory ; Hoifung ; Lienchow River.
2.—ALLMANIA.
Fl. white, ——.

3.—-AMARANTUS.
Key to species.

. Sepals 2 cr 3

Sepals 5... de

Bracts equal to sepals or longer
Bracts mostly shorter than sepals

. Sepals ovate-oblong

Sepals linear-lanceolate

. A. nodiflora, R. Br. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind.

1.
2:

Os
4. Blitum.

F]. white, November.

iv. 716. Pakhoi.

Spinosus.
Z
mangostanus,
3.

viridis.

oo

2

wo

Ww

214

. A. spinosus, Zinn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 284. A_ common

roadside weed in Hongkong: Lantao Island, Hongkong
New Territory ; fields near Swatow; Macao. Fl. pink,
a pri— August.

. A. mangostanus, Linn.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 720. At

Wuling near Chaochaufu. Fl. white, \pril.

. A. viridis, Linn. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 284. A common weed

in Hongkong: Canton. Fl. greenish, August.

. A. Blitum, Zinn. ; Hook. £. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 721. At Wuling

Village, near Chaochaufu. FI. greenish, April.

4.—CYATHULA.

. C. prostrata, Blume; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 285. Little Hong-

kong, East Point, and under trees in the Botanic Gardens,
Hongkong ; Lofoushan. FI. green, October.

5.—_AERUA.

. A. scandens, /Vail.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 727. Lienchow

River; near the village of Sainam on the North River.
F 1. white, December.

6.—ACHYRANTHES.
Key to species.

Bracteoles ovate, mucronate ... ois 1. asperu.
Bracteoles acicular—... F .. 2. bidentata.

. A. aspera, Zinn. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 285. Common in waste

places, Hongkong ; Pakhoi and elsewhere in Kwangtung.
Fl. green, October.

. A. bidentata, Blume; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 730. Hill

near Chaochaufu. Il. greenish, April.

7.—-ALTERNANTHERA.

Key to species.

Sepals thin and hyaline, glistening ... 1. nodiflora.
Sepals firm, rigid us “s we 2. sessilis.

. A. nodiflora, R. Br.; Hook. £. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 732. Swatow

district ; Cape Syngmoon, (Capsuimun), Hongkong New
Territory. Fl. white, ‘

A. sessilis, AR. Br.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 286. On roadsides
and waste places, Hongkong ; river bank near Chaochaufu.
Fl. white, August.

CHENOPODIACEAE.
Kev to genera.
. Stems climbing ... ae re 8. Basella,
Stems erect or prostrate ae a 2,
. Leaves cylindric or stem shrubby ..., 2. Suaeda,

Leaves flat ; stem herbaceous...

_

. Chenopodium.

215

1.—_CHENOPODIUM.
Key to species.

. Plant glandular oe ae .. 1. ambrostoides.
Plant eglandular iis es ies 2.

. Lower leaves entire... vai w= 2, acuminatum.
Lower leaves toothed . bes 3:

. Leaves 3-lobed, middle lobe oblong w= 8. fictfolium.
Leaves triangular Se 4. album.

. G. ambrosioides, Zinn.; Hook. f..Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 4. A
common roadside weed in Hongkong ; Kowloon, Hongkong
New Territory. Fl. green, July.

. ©. acuminatum, Willd.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 282. In waste
places, Hongkong; lLantao Island, Hongkong New
enue ; Swatow district ; Macao ; Pakhoi. Fl. green,

une.

. ©. ficifolium, Smith; DC. Prodr. xii. 1. 65. Hahang,
Hongkong New Territory ; Macao. FI. green, January.
t. C. album, Zinn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 282. In waste places,
Hongkong ; Swatow district ; an abundant weed in culti-
vated ground, Canton. FI. green, April.

2.—SUAEDA.

Key to species.
Shrub... ws ee wie we 1. monoica.
Herb... wd es sas «2. australis.

. 8. monoica, Forsk.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 13. Lantao
Island, Hongkong New Territory ; Pakhoi. Fl. green,
October.

. §. australis, Mog.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 283. In salt marshes,
Hongkong; Plovers’ Cove, Hongkong New Territory.
Fl. green, December.

3.—BASELLA.

. B. rubra, Zinn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 283. On the sides of
a pond (since filled in) in the Elappy Valley, Hongkong ;
Pakhoi. FI. pale red, March to October.

POLYGONACEAE.
Key to genera.

Fruiting perianth segments 6, unequal 2. Rumex.
Perianth segments 5, equal... we 1. Polygonum.

1.—POLYGONUM.
Key to species.

. Leaves cuneate from a lanceolate or
ovate blade aye a died 2.

. Flowers capitate

. Ravemes dense, continuous

216

Leaves truncate, cordate, or tae
rounded at base... ust a

. Flowers axillary

Flowers in racemes or stalked beads.

. Flowers in racemes... Seo

Flowers in heads

. Petioles winged or none

Petioles cylindric

. Petioles winged

Petioles none

. Stem clothed with soft ‘spreading hairs

Stem glabrous, strigose or adpressed
pubescent ... ‘it ams

. Stipules fringed

Stipules eciliate

. Leaves cottony beneath

Leaves glabrous

. Leaves elliptic, obtuse...

Leaves lanceolate or linear, acute

. Racemes dense ...

Racemes lax...

. Leaves gradually narrowed aby the base

Leaves subobtuse at the base..

. Leaves adpressed villous

Leaves glabrous with margin and
nerves scabrid

. Achenes winged

Achenes wingless

woe

Flowers racemose or cymose ...

. Stems smooth

Stems with reflexed prickles a

. Stipules ciliate .

Stipules mishous. Ciline..,

. Stipules foliaceous, not tubular

Stipules tubular, scarious

. Leaves peltate ...

Leaves not peltate

. Lower lobes ot leaf rounded ,

Lower lobes of leaf acute

. Leaf margin minutely scabrous

Leaf margin retrorsely prickly

. ichene obscurely trigonous

Achene orbicular biconvex

. Flowers cymose

Flowers racemose

. Petioles equal to the stipule me

Petioles many times exceeding the
stipule es aia

. Peduneles glandular

Peduneles eglandular

Racemes lax, interrupted

Vi Be OO LO

CO MI D>

10.

Li.

13.

. pleberum.

3.
6.
4,
5.

. chinense.

. alatum.

. criopolitanum,
. viscosum,

ie

9.

8.
lanigerum.

. glabrum.
. tinctorium.

24.

. lapathifolium.

27.
serrulatum.
12.

stagninum,

2. barbatum.

32.

. pedunculare.
. chinense.

18.
19.

. perfoliatum.
. senticosum,

20.

. sagittatum.

21.

. strigosum.
. Bodinieri.
2. pedunculare.

. Fagopyrum.
23.
, vergintanum,

. orientale,

10.
25,
206,
2d,

217:

. Stipules glabrous sia ae ve 22. jucundum.
Stipules hairy ... ee eae on
. Leaves gradually narrowed at the base 23. flaccidum.
Leaves shortly narrowed at the base... 24. Hydropiper.
oo eee 29.

11.

Achenes lenticular

Achenes trigonous _... _ eas 31.

. Leaves round or shortly acuminate at

the base... cae wa ... 20. virginianum.

Leaves gradually attenuate at the base 30.

. Achenes 2 lines long ... 4a we 25, japonicum.
Achenes 1 line long... ate .» 26. minus.

. Leaves obtuse at the base... we 10. serrulatum.,
Leaves attenuate at the base ... we 27, Posumbu.

. Climbing plant ... ies ae .. 28. multiflorum.
Erect plant... ae w+ 29, sachalinense.

10.

ll.

12.

. P. plebeium, A. Br.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 287. In cultivated

and waste places, Hongkong ; Kwaichong, Hongkong New
Territory ; Swatow district ; Pakhoi; North River. Fl.
green, December— March.

. chinense, Linn. ; Benth. 1. c. 289. Taihang, Taitam Tuk

and Victoria Peak, Hongkong ; Taimoshan at 1500 ft.,
and Castle Peak, Hongkong New Territory ; Swatow
district ; Kwaisin, Hoifung; common in damp waste
places, Canton. FI. white, September.

. alatum, Ham.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v.41. Lanfa Mt.,

Hoifung. Fl. white, September.

. criopolitanum, Hance in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 5, v. 238. Near

Chaochaufu; open waste places around Canton ; along the
West River. Fl. pink ? April.

. viscosum, Ham.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 287. Hongkong

without locality ; fields near Chaochaufu ; weed in culti-
vated ground, Canton. Fl. pink, April.

. lanigerum, A. Br.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 35. River

bank near Swatow ; Pakhoi. FI. white, April.

. glabrum, Willd.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 288. Hongkong with-

out locality ; Swatow district; garden weed, Canton.
Fl. white or rose, November.

. tinctorium, Zour.; DC. Prodr. xiv. 102. At Chaiwan,

Hongkong ; roadsides at Suheang, near Hongkong, on
the Canton River. FI. pink, July.

. lapathifolium, Linn. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 288. Hongkong

without locality ; near Chaochaufu ; weed in cultivated
ground, Canton ; Macao and islands near. FI. white, March.

. serrulatum, Lagasca ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 38. Mt.

Gough, Hongkong ; near Chaochaufu ; Kwaisin, Hoifung.
Fl. white or rosy, September—A pril.

. stagninum, Ham. ; Hook. f.1.¢. 37. Quarry Bay, Hong-

kong ; near Sanwai, Hongkong New Territory; Hoitung ;
edges of pools, Canton. FI. white, September.

. barbatum, Linn. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 288. Wongneichong,

and Mt. Gough, Hongkong; Pakhoi; Lienchow Liver.
FL. white, July—October.

13.

14,

vo ww ww WwW

wD we wy Ve DO oe we UO YS

218

. pedunculare, Wall.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 48. Near

Kanghau and Sanwai in marshes, Hongkong New Terri-
tory ; Lanfa Mt., Hoifung ; in ditches and running water
near Canton; Lienchow River. Fl. white, October—
December.

. perfoliatum, Zinn. ; Hook. f. lc. 46. In hedges at the east

of the Happy Valley, Hongkong; Swatow district ;
Hoifung: Whampoa. Fl. white or lilac, October.

. senticosum, Franch. et Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. ii. 480. Near

Chaochaufu, Swatow; around Canton; Lofoushan. FI.
white or rose-coloured, April.

. sagittatum, Zinn.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 47. Lofou-

shan. FI. white or pink, Summer.

. strigosum, R. Br.; Hook. f. 1. c. £7. Shaukiwan, Hong-

kong. Fi. pink, July.

. Bodinieri, Leéveillé in Bull. Acad. Géogr. Bot. xi. 343. In

ditches at Pokfulam, Hongkong. F!. pink, December.

. Fagopyrum, Linn. ; Fagopyrum esculentum, Moench ; Hook.

f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 55. Swatow district; North and
Northwest Rivers. Fl. white or pink, November.

. virginianum, Zinn.; Hook. f£. 1. .c. 31. Lofoushan. FI.

white,

. orientale, Linn. Benth. Fl. Hongk. 288. Hongkong

without locality. Fl. white or pink, July.

. jucundum, J/eisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 103. Kowloon, Hong-

kong New Territory ; Whampoa. Fl. white, September.

. flaccidum, Aleisn.; Hook. f. FL. Brit. Ind. v.39. Hongkong;

Kwangtung without locality. Fl. bright pink, November.

. Hydropiper, Linn. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 288. In paddy fields,

Hongkong ; Chaochaufu. Fl. pink, April.

. japonicum, Afezsn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 112. At the foot of

Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory. F1.pink, November.

. minus, Huds.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 36. Swatow

district; Whampoa; Lofoushan. Fl. pink, August.

. Posumbu, Ham.; Hook. f. 1. c. 38. Kwaisin, Hoifung ;

North River. Fl. pink, September—November.

. multiflorum, Thund.; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 136.

Lienchow River. Fl. white, October.

. sachalinense, &. Schmidt in Maxim. Prim. Fl. Amur. 233.

At East Point, Hongkong. FI. white, September.

2.—RUMEX.

Key to species.
Fruiting sepals subentire dee we 1. crtspus.
Fruiting sepals laciniate as ss 2. maritimus.

1, R. crispus, Zinw.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 286. At Chaiwan and

Sheko, Hongkone. FI. red, July.

2. R. maritimus, Linn. ; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 59. Hongkong

without locality; Swatow district: weed in cultivated
ground, Canton; Macao; West River. FL. yellowish-
brown, March.

1.

219
NEPENTHACEAE.

NEPENTHES.

N. phyllamphora, Willd.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 69.
Macao ; Szetsushan, Sanning. Fl. white, August.

ARISTOLOCHIACEAK,
Key to genera.

Stem creeping, short or none ... we lL. Asarum.
Stem twining ... ae see ... 2, Aristolochia,
1.—ASARUM.

Key to species.
Perianth lobes caudate.. ab we 1. caudigerum.
Perianth lobes not caudate... 2. geophilum.

1. A. caudigerum, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1881, 142. North River ;
East River; Lofoushan. FI. greenish-purple, November-
February.

2. A. geophilum, Hemsl. Enum. Pl. China, ii. 358. Lienchow
River ; North River. Fl. purplish-green, February—April.

2.—ARISTOLOCHIA.
Key to species.

1. Leaves deeply cordate, less than 3 times

as long as broad... 2.
Leaves not or slightly cordate, more
than 4 times as long as broad _—_... 3.
2. Leaves with a few pinnate veins ; flowers
cymose ‘ l. TLagala.
Leaves with only pedate venation ;
flowers solitary 2. Fordiana.
3. Leaves shortly cordate 3. Westlandir.
Leaves round at the base ae .
4, Leaves broadest | from base ... ww. 4. longifolia.
Leaves broadest } from top 5. Thwaitesiz.

1. A. Tagala, Cham. et Schl.; A. Roxburghiana, K1.; Hook. f.
Fl]. Brit. Ind. v. 75. Tingushan on the West River. FI.
pale green, July.

2. A. Fordiana, Hemsi. in Journ. Bot. 1885, 286. Mt. Parker
north, Hongkong ; Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory
Fl. ——, February.

3. A. Westlandii, Hemsi. 1. c. 286. Taimoshan, Hongkong New
Territory. Fl. chocolate-coloured, May. :

4. A. longifolia, Champ.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 333. Victoria

Peak and on the south side of Mt. Camercn, Hongkong.
F1. chocolate-coloured, March.

On

oO

220

. A. Thwaitesii, Hook. f. in Bot. Mag. t. 4918. In bamboo
groves south-west of Wongneichong village, and in the
clefts of rocks on the north face of Mt. Nicholson, Hong-
kong; Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory. FI.
purple or chocolate-coloured, March.

PIPERACEAE.
Key to genera.

. Flowers shortly stalked sae fae 2,
Flowers sessile ... oes ee oot 3.
Leaf about equal in length to its petiole 3. Gymnotheca.
Leaf many times longer than petiole 1. Saururus.

. Spikes involucrate —.. sis .. 2. Houttuynia.
Spikes naked ... oud na wets 4,
Erect herb ude ses 18 aa 5.
Woody climber a wee .. 4. Piper.
Spikes hardly broader than the peduncle 5. Peperomia.
Spikes three times as broad as the

peduncle... Bos oe s.. 4. Paper.

1.—SAURURUS.

8. Loureiri, Deene.; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1. 239. Grassy banks of
watercourses, Taitamtuk, Hongkong ; Swatow district ;
on muddy banks of creeks, Canton; West River above
Shiuhing. Fl. white, May.

2.—HOUTTUYNIA.

. H. cordata, Thund.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 334. Damp shady
places Chaiwan, Hongkong ; wet courtyard of the White
Cloud monastery ; West River; Lofoushan. FI. white,
May—December.

3.—GYMNOTHECA.

. G. chinensis, Decne. ; Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1873.
FI. white, August.

Lienchow River.

4.--PIPER.
Key to species.
1, Leaves pubescent beneath ... ae 2.
Leaves glabrous * ae hs 3.
2. Leaves very obliquely semicordate ... 1. puberulum.
Leaves deeply, evenly cordate 2. sinense.
3, Leaves gradually acuminate ... 4,
Leaves suddenly acuminate 3. sarmentosum.,
4, Leaves obtuse at base ... 4. Mal thewii.
Leaves cuneate at base 5. Hancei,

Or

221

. P. puberulum, Maxim.; Chavica puberula, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 335.

Hongkong without locality ; Lantao Island, Hongkong
New Territory. Fl. green, May.

. P. sinense, C. DC.; Chavica sinensis, Champ. ; Benth. 1. c. 335.

In ravines of Mt. Davis, Mt. Victoria and Mt. Gough,
Hongkong. FI. green, April.

. P. sarmentosum, Roxb. ; Chavica sarmentosa, Miq.; Benth. 1. c.

335. Very common at Little Hongkong, covering large
patches of ground under trees ; Hoifung near the city ;
neglected courtyards of the British Consular yamen,
Canton; Pakhoi; Lienchow River; North River. FI.
green, August— October.

P. Matthewii, Dunn in Journ. Bot. 1909, 377. Lienchow
River. Fl. green, December.

. P. Hancei, Mazim.; Chavica leptostachya, Hance in Journ.

Bot. 1868, 301. Cape d’Aguilar creeping on rocks,
Wongchukhang on a tree, Hongkong; on old trees and
rock faces, but rare, near Canton; on the trunk of a tree
at the White Cloud monastery ; woods at Tingushan, W.
River. Fl. green, April.

5.—PEPEROMIA.
Key to species.

Leaves 3-veined ae i we Ll. dindigulensis.
Leaves 5-veined ees oe w= 2, pellucida.

. P. dindigulensis, Miy.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 98.

Taimoshan at 1500 ft, Hongkong New Territory ;
Swatow district; Lofoushan. Fl. green, August.

. P. pellucida, H.B.6; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1. 402. A weed in

the Botanic Gardens and elsewhere, Hongkong. FI.
green, January.

CHLORANTHACEAE.

CHLORANTHUS.
Key to species.

1. Connective ligulate much produced ... 1. Fortunez.
Connective not produced beyond
anthers a iis aie 2.
2. Anthers solitary hb ‘is .. 2, brachystachys.
Anthers in threes we ce 1. 3. inconspicuus.
1. C. Fortunei, Solms in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1. 476. Kwangtung

ao

without locality. Fl. ——.

. C. brachystachys, Blume; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 334. Common

in woods and ravines, Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hong-
kong New Territory ; Lienchow River; Lofoushan. Fi.
green, June.

. C. inconspicuus, Swartz; Benth. 1. c. Hongkong cultivated ;

Macao. FI. white, Summer.

222

LAURACEAE.
Key to genera.

1. Tree or shrub ... as wae ie 2.
Leafless parasite pie ids wT. Cassytha.
2. Flowers in close fascicles or umbels ... 3.

Flowers separate in loose inflorescences 4,
3. Anthers 2-celled ais aio .. 6. Lindera.
Anthers 4-celled nie ie ... 5. Litsea.
4, Leaves 3-nerved wey ae ae De

Leaves penninerved ... eis ie 6.
5. Fruit completely enclosed in the
perianth tube ; anthers 2-celled .... 1. Cryptocarya.
Fruit free or nearly so, anthers 4-celled = 3. Cinnamomaum.
6. Anthers 2-celled; perianth segments
deciduous from the oval fruit, or
perianth tube enclosing the fruit ... he
Anthers 4-celled; perianth segments
deciduous from the globose fruit or
reflexed, persistent we “as 8.
7. Perianth deciduous ‘ vid Beilschmeidia.
Perianth enveloping the fruit ... ine . Cryptocarya.
8. Perianth partly deciduous, leaving a
cup or disc ... S08 is aes
Perianth persistent, reflexed or entirely E
deciduous ... ie ee we 4 Muchilus.

mw

3. Cinnamomum.

1.--CRYPTOCARYA.

Key to species.

Leaves 3-nerved oes ive ws 1. chinensis.
Leaves penninerved ... oe «2. concinna.

1. C. chinensis, Hemsl.; Beilschmeidia chinensis, Hance in Journ.
Bot. 1882, 79. Mountain east of Wongneichong, Mt.
Parker and on hill above Taitam reservoir, Hongkong ;
Maénshan, Hongkong New Territory ; Lienchow River.
Fl. greenish, May.

2. C. concinna, Hance 1. c. 79. Happy Valley woods, and Mt.
Gough, Hongkong; Lienchow River. Fl. greenish, August.

2.—BEILSCHMEIDIA.
Key to species.

Buds and inflorescence, glabrous ; fruit

Zinch ll... ie sia «Ll. Fordii.
Buds and inflorescence silky ; fruit
+ inch s08 3s gh w= 2. fagifolia,

1, B. Fordii, Dunn in Journ. Bot. 1907, 404. In the Happy
Valley woods, Hongkong. FI. greenish, August.

2. B. fagifolia, Nees : Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 122. Between
Tytam and Stanley, Victoria Peak, Honekone. FI.
greenish, November. Pata

223

3.—CINNAMOMUM.
Key to species.

1. Leaves penninerved... ive ws» lL. Parthenoxylon.
Leaves 3-nerved - ... ies se 2.

2. Principal nerve-axils of leaves pitted... 3.
Axils not pitted wih ixa are 4,

3. Leaves with scent of cinnamom 2. zeylanicum.
Leaves with scent of camphor 3. Camphora.

4, Fruit on a toothed cup ce sie 5.
Fruit on a truncate cup or disc a2 6.

5. Leaves with scent of cinnamon 4, Burmanni.
Leaves with scent of cassia 5. Cassia.

6. Leaves suddenly cuspidate 6. validinerve.
Leaves gradually acuminate ... . 7, pedunculatum.

1. C. Parthenoxylon, Meisn.; Camphora Parthenoxylon, Nees ;

Benth. Fl. Hongk. 290. In the Happy Valley and other
woods, Honkong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong New Terri-
tory. Fl. yellowish-white, April.

C. zeylanicum, Breyne; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 181.
Cultivated in Hongkong. Fl]. yellowish-white, April.

C. Camphora, Nees ; Meisn. in DC, Prodr. xv. 1.24. Cultivated
in Hongkong ; common in the neighbourhood of villages,
Hongkong New Territory; Yuit-hai near Swatow ;
common around Pakhoi. FI. pale yellow, April.

. C. Burmanni, Blume ; C. dulec, Nees; Benth. |. c. 290. In

woods at Hast Point, Little Hongkong, and near the
Buddhist Temple, Causeway Bay, Hongkong; river
banks near Chaochaufu; Macao; Lienchow River. FI.
pale yellow, March.

. C. Cassia, Blume ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 130. Planted in

Hongkong woods; West River and various localities,
cultivated. Fl. white, May.

. C. validinerve, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1882, 80. Happy Valley

woods, Hongkong. Fl. greenish, June.

. C. pedunculatum, Nees; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1. 16. On

the northern slopes of Mt. Parker, Hongkong ; Lantao
Island, Hongkong New Territory ; Lienchow River. FI.
white, May.

4.—MACHILUS.

Key to species.

. Leaves tomentose beneath ... sae 2.
Leaves glabrous ines nate si 5.

. Leaves at very base rounded ..- we lL. Grijsit.
Leaves cuneate ... aa nr .. «= 2. velutina.

. Perianth deciduous ..; ish as 4,

Perianth persistent ... se ee 6.
Perianth segments 2 lines long, oblong-

lanceolate, nearly glabrous we. 4. chinensis.

Or

224

Perianth segments 1-1} lines long,

ovate, very obtuse, outer ones 2 of

inner ae sic alae
. Perianth segments 2 lines or ‘Tess long
Perianth segments 3-4 lineslong ... 6. Pie
. Leaves linear-lanceolate ; panicles few-
flowered... 7. salicina.

Leaves broader; panicles many-flowered 3. Thunbergit.

1. M. Grijsii, Hance ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1. 504. Near
Swatow. Fl. white, April.

2. M. velutina, Champ.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 291. At Taiiam
‘Luk, Happy Valley, Mt. Parker, Mt. Victoria, and else-
where, Hongkong; below Kowloon catchwater, and on
Maénshan, Hongkong New Territory. FI]. white, October.

3. M. Thunbergii, Steb. et Zucc.; M. rimosa, Blume ; Benth, 1. c.
291. In the Happy Valley and Little Hongkong woods,
Repulse Bay, and elsewhere, Hongkong ; Lantao Island,
Aupuiwan, and Hahang, Hongkong New Territory ; near
Yit-hai village, Swatow; Tamsui, Hoifung. FI. pale
yellow, March.

4. M. chinensis, Hemsl.; Alseodaphne chinensis, Champ. ; Benth.
lc. 292. Inthe Happy Valley woods, Mt. Victoria, and
Mt. Nicholson, Hongkong. FI. white, November.

5. M. breviflora, Hems/.; Alseodaphne breviflora, Benth, |. c. 292.
Near Victoria Gap, Hongkong. Fl. white, August.

6. M. Phoenix, Dunn in Journ. Bot. 1910, 279. Sluts of the
Phoevix Mt., Swatow. Fl. green, April.

7. M. salicina, Hance in Journ. Bote 1885, 327. Below Kowloon
catchwater, Hongkong New Territory ; below Molam on
the West River. Fl. whitish, February.

5.—LITSEA.
Key to species.
1, Leaves 3-nerved ae wae is 2,
Leaves penninerved ... we 3.
2. Leaves 1-2 inches long, glabrous we Ll. Playfairi.
Leaves 3-4 inches long, silky on the
veins beneath “s 2. pulchella.
3. Leaves verticillate oi vee BL rerticilata,
Leaves scattered as 4,
4. Leaves quite glabrous or rt midrib pube-
rulous iiss ata aes 5.
Leaves downy beneath oe we 7.
5. Leaves coriaceous iis ee <a 6.
Leaves membranous... is ww» 4. cttrata.
6. Leaves acute at the base ae aes 9.
Leaves rounded at the base... wee Oy rotundifolia,
7. Leaves cuneate at the base... cs 8.
Leaves rounded at the base... s+ 7, polyantha.
8. Umbels solitary = . v6, elongata,

Umbels corymbose or racemose we 9 Ssebifera,

229

9. Leaves green, fincly reticulate we 10. variabilis.
Leaves glaucous, very smooth beneath 6. chinensis.

4.
«dy

el

10. L.

Playfairi, Hemsi. Enum. Pl. China, ii. 384. Pakhoi. F1.—
pulchella, Meisn.; LZ. ceylanica, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 294,
Victoria Peak, Sheko and Cape d’Aguilar, Hongkong ;
Lantao Island, Hongkong New ‘Territory; Hoifung.
Fi. —_, November.

: verticillata, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1883, 356. At Yunhatin

village about 10 miles north of Canton, FI. yellowish,
November.

. Citrata, Blume; Tetranthera polyantha, Wall.; Benth. FI.

Hongk. 293. In the Happy Valley woods, Mt. Gough,
Taitam Tuk and elsewhere, Hongkong ; Hahang, Hongkong
New Territory ; Hoifung ; Wongyu. Fl. white, January.

. rotundifolia, Hemsi. Enum. Pl. China, ii. 385. Near

Fanling, and Haihung, Hongkong New Territory ;
Yit-hai, Swatow. FI. yellowish, January.

: chinensis, Blume; Actinodaphne chinensis, Nees; Benth.

Fi. Hongk, 293. Common on the hillsides, Hongkong ;
Hahang, Hongkong New Territory; Hoifung. FI.
yellow, August.

. polyantha, Juss.; Tetranthera monopetala, Roxb.; Benth.

1, c, 292. Common in Hongkong. FI. yellow, May.

. elongata, Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 165. Victoria Peak,

Hongkong ; Lienchow River. Fl. August.

. Sebifera, Pers,; Tetranthera citrifolia, Benth. Fl. Hongk.

293. Little Hongkong woods, North Point, and West
Point, Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hongkong New
Territory ; Swatow; Macao; Tai-iushan near Canton.
Fl. yellow, June.

variabilis, Hemsl. Enum. Pl]. China, ii. 386. Happy Valley
woods, Hongkong. FI. yellowish, June.

6.—LINDERA.

Key to species.

1, Leaves 3-nerved igs ain meat ls nee
Leaves penninerved .. we

2. Leaves cordate or broadly rounded ... 2 wie
Leaves acute or very narrowly rounded

below v6 Be

3. Leaves quite glabrous, oblong, over

6 inches long; youngest shoots

glabrous . meguphylla,

we

Leaves tomentose beneath ‘aati did o or

less than 4 inches long ; pone

shoots downy 4.
4. Leaves brownish-tomentose until old. 4. bifaria,
Leaves soon glakrous ... ales se 5.
5. Leaves shining above ... see se 6.
Leaves dull above... sis we 6. glauca,

21515

bo

226

. Shoots and leaves, at least before

maturity, pubescent as w= 5, COMMUNES.
Whole plant except inflorescence quite
glabrous wb : 7. Laureola.

. L. strychnifolia, Villar: Daphnidium strychnifolium, Meisn. in

DC. Prodr. xv. 1. 230. Macao. FI. yellow, April.

. L. reflexa, Hemsl. Enum. Pl. China, ii. 391. North River.

FI. yellowish, February.

L. megaphylla, Hemsl. 1. c. 389. In a wood between Little
Hongkong and Middle Gap. FI. yellowish, April.

L. bifaria, Benth.; Daphnidium bifarium, Nees; Benth. Fl.
Hongk. 294. Victoria Peak and Mt. Nicholson, Hong-
kong. FI. yellowish, September.

L. communis, Hemsl. Enum. Pl. China, ii. 387. Lienchow
River; North River. Fl. yellow, May.

L. glauca, Blume; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xv. 1. 244. Mt.
Gough and Mt. Victoria, Hongkong ; Taimoshan, Hong-
kong New Territory; Kwangtung without locality ;
Chaochaufu. Fl. yellow, February—<April.

L. Laureola, Coll. e¢ Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxviii. 119.
Near the city of Hoifung. Fl. yellow, Spring.

7.—CASSYTHA.

C. filiformis, Zinn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 294. Common in
Hongkong and Hongkong New Territory: Swatow
district ; Hoifung; Pakhoi. Fl. white, August.

PROTEACEAE,

1.—HELICIA.
Key to species.

Fruit 4-3 inch diameter, ovate .. — L. cochinchinensis,
Fruit 1-14 inch diameter, globose... 2. erratica.

. H. cochinchinensis, Lour.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 295. In the

Happy Valley, and on the western spur of Mt. Parker,
Hongkong ; Sanning. FI. brownish, August.

. H. erratica, Hook. f. Fl. Brit. ind. vy, 189. Little Hongkong,

Hongkong ; Lantao Island. Hongkong New Territory ;
North River ; Lofoushan; Ngchungshan. Fl. pale
yellow, June.

THYMELAEACEAE,
Key to genera.
. Small shrub... a ir aes 2.
Large tree os ve sia v8. Aquilaria,
. Leaves alternate ae aka ve 1, Daphne.

Leaves opposite wos a w+ 2. Wikstroemia,

—_

—

227
1.—DAPHNE.

Key to species.

. Leaves silky... wie sa we 1, Championi
Leaves glabrous Sit ie ee 2.
Flowers terminal a sie .. 2, cannabina.
Flowers axillary oe se w= 8. triflora,

. D. Championi, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 296. Above the Bowen
Road, Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hongkong New Terri-
tory ; Swatow district ; Lienchow River. FI. silky white,
February.

2. D. cannabina, Wall. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 193. Taimoshan
at 2000 ft. Hongkong New Territory; slopes of the
Phoenix Mt., Swatow. Fl. white, December.

3. D. triflora, Zour.; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 541. Around

Canton. Fl, —.

2.—WIKSTROEMIA.

Key to species.

1, Racemes subsessile _... sais nie 2.
Racemes long-stalked ... ane oe 3.

2. Veins of leaves crowded . 1. indica.
Veins of leaves 3-4 pairs 2. stenantha.

3. Flowers longer than peduncles 3. Monnula.
Flowers shorter than peduncles 4. nutans.

. W. indica, C. A. Mey.; W. viridiflora, Meisn.; Benth. Fl.
Hongk. 297. Hapay Valley, between Aberdeen and
Little Hongkong, and elsewhere, Hongkong; Lantao
Island, Hongkong New Territory ; Hoifung ; Pakhoi. Fl.
yellow, May.

. W. stenantha, Hemsl. Enum. Pl. China, ii. 400. Hoifung ;
North River ; Lofoushan. FI. pink, August.

. W. Monnula, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1878, 13. Lantao Island,
Hongkong New Territory ; along the North River. Fl.
yellowish pink, March - May.

. W. nutans, Champ.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 297. Victoria Peak,
Pokfulam ravine, and Happy Valley, Hongkong ; Taimo-
shan, Hongkong New Territory; Swatow. Fl. yellow,
February.

bo

aN

3.—AQUILARIA.

. A. grandiflora, Benth. F), Hongk. 297. Common in the Happy
Valley woods, and elsewhere, Hongkong ; Lantao Island,
Hongkong New Territory; Macao; Lofoushan. FI.
yellow, May,

215165 * P2

al

w

Nw

wo

i

On

228
ELAEAGNACEAE.

1.—ELAEAGNUS.
Key to species.

. Limb of flower campanulate ... 2.
Limb of flower tubular 4.
. Flowers 6-8 lines long .. 3.
Flowers 3-4 lines long... Ll. Tutcheri.
. Pedicel more than three times the

length of the ovary we 2, Loureiri.

Pedicel about as long as the ovary 3. latifolia.
. Perianth tube cylindric 4. gonyanthes.

Perianth tube gradually narrowed te to
the base... ae “ .. 5. glabra.

. E. Tutcheri, Dunn in Journ. Bot. 1907, 404. Victoria Peak,
Hoktsui and Cape d’Aguilar, Hongkong. Fl. silvery
yellowish white, December.

.&E Loureiri, Champ.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 298. Mt. Parker,
Mt. Gough and Little Hongkong, Hongkong ; Lantao
Island, Taimoshan and Hahang, Hongkong New Terri-
tory; Macao. Fl. yellowish brown, N

. BE. latifolia, Zinn.; Hook. f. Fl Brit. Ind. v. 202. Stream

near Chaochaufu ; Lienchow River. Fi. silvery whitish
yellow, December— March.

. HE. gonyanthes, Benth.; DC. Prodr. xiv. 613. White Cloud

hills, Canton ; Macao; North River. FI. silvery yellow,
December.

. E. glabra, Thund.; DC.1.¢.614. Hill near Chaochaufu. FI.

silvery yellow, winter.

LORANTHACEAE.

Key to genera.

. Viscum.
. Loranthus.

Leaves wanting or 3-veined
Leaves penninerved

et

1.—LORANTHUS.
Key to species.

1. Petals free from the base ise eee 2,
Petals united... wa in 3.

2. Petals four 1. Sampson,
Petals five . 2. pentapetalus.

3. Tube of corolla dilated at the base 3. umpullaceus.
Tube cylindric ... ne ee ian 4,

4, Bracteoles2 ... is ae ats 5.
BracteolesO .., Me mie vin

5. Pedicels subumbellate .. ie we chinensis,

Pedicels racemose one 6,

229

6. Peduneles solitary 5. Fordii.
Peduncles fascicled sad 6. bibracteolatus.

7. Old leaves tomentose beneath... 7. Scurrula.
Old leaves glabrous beneath ... 8. estipitatus.

1. L. Sampsoni, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1871, 133. On trees along

the river Loting, West River. Fl. red, June.

2. L. pentapetalus, Rorb.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 206. On

trees of Machilus Thunbergii near Fanling, Hongkong
New Territory. Fl. white, but turning yellowish piok:
when old, March.

3. L. ampullaceus, Aoxd.; Hook. f. 1. c. 220. Lofoushan. FI.

greenish yellow, July.

4, L, chinensis, DC.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 141. Common on many
different kinds of trees, Hongkong; Swatow district ;
Lanfa Mt., Hoifung. Fl. red, August.

. Fordii, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1885, 38. Hill near Chao-
chaufu; Pakong, N. River. Fl. yellow, April.

. bibracteolatus, Hance 1. c. 1880. 301. Lienchow River ;
North River. Fl. red, December.

. Scurrula, Linn.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 208. Hill near
Chaochaufu ; Lienchow River. Fl. buff or pink, August.

. estipitatus, Stapf; L. scurrula, var. obtecta, Kurz; Hook.
fl. ¢. 209. Lofoushan. FI. reddish, August.

ig
on a

2.—VISCUM.

Key to species.
Leaves wanting as ve w. L. japonicum.
Leaves 3-nerved os ac .. 2. orientale.

1. V. japonicum, Thund.; V. articulatum, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 141.
On trees in the Happy Valley, Hongkong; on a large
tree near Yit-hai; Swatow. F'l. greenish, winter.

2. V. orientale, Willd.; Benth. 1. c. 41. Hongkong without
locality. Fl. greenish, December—February.

SANTALACEHAE.
Key to genera,
Leaves linear ... whats if we OL. Lhesium.
Leaves ovate... ae aes ... 2 Henslowia.

1—THESIUM.
Key to species.

Bracts simple ... set wae vee Ly chinense.
Bracts 5-foliate oe sé .. 2, pstlotoides.

1. T. chinense, Zurcz.; DC. Prodr. xiv. 649. Pakhoi. FI.
yellow, Summer.

2. T. psilotoides, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1868, 48. Summit of the
White Cloud hills, Canton. Fl. yellow, July.

iw)

230

2.—HENSLOWIA.
Key to species.

Female flowers sessile ... eve wv. 1, sesstliflora.
Female flowers pedicellate ... .. 2, frutescens.

. H. sessiliflora, Hems/. Enum. Pl. China, ii. 409. Pakhoi. Fl.—.
. H. frutescens, Champ. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 299. _ Common on

the hills in Hongkong; Lantao Island and Taimoshan,
Hongkong New Territory ; Swatow district ; upper parts
of the White Cloud hills, Canton. FI. green, February.

BALANOPHORACEAE.

1.—BALANOPHORA.

B. Harlandi, Hook. f.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 140. Mt. Gough,
Mt. Nicholson and Taitam Tuk, Hongkong. FI. ——,
November.

EUPHORBIACEAE,

Key to genera.

. Male and female flowers together within

bracts or receptacles; plant with
juice... sie — oe

Male and female flowers not clustered
together ; plant with watery juice

1. Euphorbia.

wo

. Flowers in terminal or axillary racemes,

male above, female at base sis 9;
Flowers not in bisexual racemes 3

3. Flowers in corymbs ; leaves palmately
veined <a ae rr a 14,
Flowers not corymbose cies fee 4
4. Leaves trifoliate, palmately lobed or
Opposite... ae ath ws 15.
Leaves simple, alternate, not palmately
lobed la eae er tas 5.
5. Male and female inflorescences distinct
but on the same branch .., bie 6.
Flowers dioecious oa ca isi 8.
6. Female flowers in contracted racemes 2. Surcococea.
Female flowers single or umbellate ... te
7. Female inflorescence of 1 flower v. 32. Sebastiana,
Female flowers in an umbel_ ... .» 20. Blachia.
8. Male flowers in racemes, panicles or
catkins 38 ao ae sie ts
Male flowers axillary ... “aa ar 27.
9. Stems herbaceous sii we we» 21. Speranskia.
Stems woody ... ‘is ane Shs 10.
10. Styles divided ... vin wa w+ 19. Croton.

Styles undivided oer 3 ive 11.

30.

3l.

. Calyx segments imbricate

. Leaves trifoliate

. Flowers

231

. Racemes all terminal

Racemes nearly all axillary

. Racemes reduced, ovate re ee
Racemes slender, elongated... ie
. Stamens numerous wee as wie

Stamens 2 or 3.

Calyx breaking open sonia

Leaves simple ... wey are aa

. Leaves opposite

Leaves alte: nate, palmately lobed

. Male flowers in catkins

Male flowers in racemes or panicles ...

. Leaves serrate, crenate or dentate

Leaves entire ...

. Leaves with thread-like elands at top

of petiole
Leaves without thread-like appendages

. Styles bifid ... Pe

Styles undivided, fringed or not

. Capsule 3-celled

Capsule 2-celled

. Leaves palmately nerved or acuminate-

caudate as
Leaves pinnately nerved, ‘acute or obtuse

. Ovary 1-2-celled ae ae ar
Ovary 3-celled ... aie dink vee
. Ovary 1-celled, styles 3 ive site
Ovary 2-celled, styles 1 or 2 . ae
. Stigmas united into a disc ;

Stigmas and styles 2 se es
in clusters along panicle
branches... ais ste
Flowers racemose

. Herb

Shrub - tied

. Sepals thick with a thin white margin

Sepals plain

. Male calyx turbinate i”

Male calyx open Se

Stamens alone in the male flower

Rudiment of ovary with stamens in
male flower ine :

Petals present ... ie sit ve

Petals absent

1.—EUPHORBIA.
Key to species.

. Leaves stipulate

Stipules wanting i

16.
10.

13.
12.

. Sarcococca,

. Excoecaria.

. Homalanthus.
. Sapium.

. Jatropha.

. Aleurites.

. Bischoffia

16.

. Buzus.
. Ricinus.
. Aporosa.

18.
19.
23.

. Alchornea.

20.

. Cleidion.

21.
22.

. Macaranga.

. Mallotus.
. Claorylon.

24.

. Mallotus.
. Antidesma,

25.

. Endospermum.

26.

. Bridelia,
. Daphniphyllum.
28,

29.

. Agyneia,
» Phyllanthus.
. Breynia.

30.
Phyllanthus, ete.

31.
Microdesmis.
Fluggea.

202

Plant prostrate ; leaves less than 4-inch
long...

. Shrub with entire leaves 1. Atoto
Herb with serrulate leaves 3.
. Plant erect with leaves 1 inch long 4,

4, Leaves pubescent, stipules minute,
linear a 2. pilulifera.
Leaves glabrous, stipules deltoid oe
5. Leaves ovate ag 3. hypericifolia.
Leaves linear or oblong 6

> e)

10.

11.

iw)

ive)

. Cymes subsessile ; leaves linear

Cymes shortly ‘pedunculate 5 ; leaves

. serrulata.

oblong 5. bifida.
Capsule glabrous 6. sanguinea.
ts eiypigotice

Capsule pubescent

. EB. Atoto, Forst. f.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind.

. E. serrulata, Reinw.; DC. Prody. xv. 11. 25.
. BE. bifida, Hook. et Arn.;

. E. sanguinea, Hochst.

. E. antiquorum, Zinn.; Hook f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 255.

. BE. Tirucalli,

Tree
Herb Ps

. Stems winged 8. antiquorum.
Stems cylindric... ie 9. Tirucalli.
Annual with showate leaves ls
Perennial 10. pekinensis.
Leaves entire ll. Peplus.
Leaves serrulate 12, Helioscopia.

y. 248. Seashore
at Deepwater Bay and Chaiwan, Hongkong; Lamma
Island, Hongkong New Territory. FJ. December.

E. pilulifera, Linn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 302. Common in
waste places, Hongkong ; on the bank of the Han River,
Swatow. Fl. all the year.

E. hypericifolia, Zinn.; Benth. 1. c. 301. Chaiwan and Cause-
way Bay, Honekong ; Pengchau Island, Hongkong New
Territory ; Fatshan and other localities. Fl. September.

Macao. FI. June.

DC. 1. c. Sandy shores Lantao

Island, Hongkong New Territory ; Macao ; Tyloo Island ;

Pakhoi. FI. June.

et Steud.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 302.

Common in Hongkong. FI. August.
. E. thymifolia, Zinn.; Benth. 1. c. 302. A common weed,
Hongkong; Lofoushan. FI. June.

Ver
commonly used for hedges in Hongkong New Dee
fields near Chaochaufu. Fl. yellow, April.

Linn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 301. Between
Pokfulam and Aberdeen, and at Shaukiwan, Hongkong ;
Lantao Island, Lamma Island, Castle Peak, and Pengchau
Island, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. ——.

10. EH. pekinensis, Rupr.; DC. Prodr. xv. 11. 121. North River.
Fl, August.
11. E. Peplus, Linw.; DC. le. 141. Swatow. FI. April.

lz. E. Helioscopia, Zinn. ;

Benth. Fl. Hongk. 301.
and waste places, "Hongkong. Fl. summer.

Cultivated

233
2,-SARCOCOCCA.

1. 8. pruniformis, Zind/.; Hook. f. FI. Brit. Ind. v. 266. On
the north side of Mt. Parker, Hongkong. Fl. yellow,
February.

3.—BUXUS.

1. B. sempervirens, Zinn. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 315. Hills above
Causeway Bay, Taitam Tuk, and Hoktsui, Hongkong ;
Fungwongshan, in the rocky sides of a stream north of
Kowloon reservoir, Ukautin at the head of the waterfall,
and elsewhere, Hongkong New Territory ; crevices of
rocks on the brink of the torrent near Yit-hai, Swatow.
Fl. green, February.

4.—BRIDELIA.
Key to species.

1. Flowers in sessile clusters nia _ 2.
Flowers paniculate ... ne we L. Fordii.
2. Leaves acuminate sty vei ... 2, Balansae.
Leaves obtuse ... sats - ... 8. tomentosa.
1. B. Fordii, Hemsi. Enum. Pl. China, i ii. 419. Lienchow River.
Fl. August.

2. B. Balansae, Tutcher in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxxvii. 66.
In the Happy Valley woods, on the southern slope of
Mt. Parker, and at Little Hongkong, Hongkong ; Taimo-
shan at 1500 ft., Hongkong New Territory. Fl. March.

3. B. tomentosa, Blume ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 309. Very common
in Hongkong ; Swatow on the hills; Kwangtung without
locality. FI. September.

5.—-AGYNEIA.

_

. A. bacciformis, A. Juss. ; Phyllanthus bacciformis, Linn. ;
Benth. Fl. Hongk. 310. At Little Hongkong, and Sheko,
Hongkong; seashore at Negautaukok, Hongkong New
Territory. Fl, August.

7.—PHYLLANTHUS.
Key to species of Phyllanthus (No. 7) and Glochidion (No. 8).

1. Herb annual or short-lived
Tree or shrub
2. Flowers nearly sessile...
Flowers shorter than the pedicel
3. Capsule muricate; perianth seg-
ments oblong .. 1, P. urinaria.
Capsule smooth ; perianth segments
obovate ote eee «» 2, P. maderaspatensis.

yes os

Or

10.

11.

12.

13.

17. Capsule 4 lines long; leaves 3-4

inches long...
Capsule 6 lines long ; leaves 5-6

inches long... ‘iv

1. P. urinaria, Zinn.; Benth. FIL.
without locality ; fields near
weed, Canton. Fl. July.

2
without locality. Fl, ——.

3. P.Niruri, Zinn.; Benth. 1.c¢. 311.
Macao. FI. August.

4

234

. Smaller branches flat seeds tuber-

culate .
Smaller boanohes, filfform debda
striate . ee ats
. Leaves over 1 inch long .. Pee

Leaves under 1 inch long

. Stems simple

Stems branched from the base

. Styles united

Styles distinct

Leaves truncate below ; styles con-
nate only at base

Leaves cuneate below, for half
their length ...

Leaves thin, rounded at both ends

Leaves thick, acute at both ends

Anthers 3 ; leaves seule under 3
inches or thin..

Anthers 5 or SHORE: leaves coria-
ceous, usually over 3 inches..

Branches and leaves glabrous...

Branches and leaves oe or
hirsute.. +

Leaves 14 inches long ; ; ovary oe
celled .

Leaves 3 inches Jong ; ‘ovary 5-
celled . se site ‘ie

Leaves acuminate... as ae

Leaves rounded

. Leaves glabrous above

Leaves ovate, pubescent above ...

. Leaves obovate

Leaves oblong

. Branches and leaves softly pubes-

cent... se
Branches and leaves glabrous ise

6.

3. P. Nirure.
10.

7.

4. P. simplex.
5. P. anceps.
8

9,
6. P. Emblica.
. P. cinerascens,

. P. reticulatus.
P. leptoclados.

(0 ~

11.

16.
12.

14,
13.

2. G. philippinense.

l. G. Wrightii.

8. P. reticulatus.
15s

4, G. ertocarpum.,

5. G. Fortuni.

3. G. obscurum.

6. G. Arnottianum.
17.

7. G. honghongense.

8. G. macrophyllum.

Hongk. 310. Hongkong
Yit-hai, Swatow; garden

. P. maderaspatensis, Linn.; Benth. 1. c. 311. Hongkong

Wongneichong, Hongkong ;

. P. simplex, Retz.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 295. Hongkong

without locality ; Yit-hai, Swatow ; Hoifung ; Lienchow

River. Fl. April—August,
. P. anceps, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 311.

Near the Happy Valley,

and Deepwater Bay, Hongkong. Fl. July.

235

6. P. Emblica, Zinn.; Benth. 1, c. 312. Wongneichong and
Little Hongkong, Hongkong ; hill near Chaochaufu. Fl.
March.

7. P. cinerascens, Hook. et Arn.; Benth. 1.c. 311. On Mt. Gough,
and other places, Hongkong ; Yaumati, Kowloon; Lantao
Island, Hongkong New Territory; Macao; Sanning.
Fl. April.

. reticulatus, Poir.; Cicca microcarpa, Benth. 1. c. 312. Mt.
Davis, Hongkong; near Canton; Whampoa; Pakhoi.
Fl. April.

. leptoclados, Benth. 1. c. 312. Hongkong without locality ;
Macao; Lienchow River. Fl. May.

Sa
A")

=
a")

8.—GLOCHIDION.

For key to species see under Phyllanthus (No. 7.)

1. G@. Wrightii, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 313. Hongkong without
locality ; Lantao Island, at 1400 ft., Hongkong New
Territory ; Swatow. Fl. May.

. philippinense, Benth. 1. c. 314. Hongkong without locality.
Fl. May.

henna. Blume; G. siniceum, Hook. et Arn. ; Benth. 1. c.
314. Pokfulam, Hongkong; Hoifung; Whampoa ;
White Cloud hills, Canton; Macao. Fl. June—October.

4, G. eriocarpum, Champ. ; Benth. 1.c. 314. Inthe Happy Valley
woods, and common in ravines, Hongkong ; Lantao Island,
Hongkong New Territory ; hills near Chaochaufu ; Macao,
FL. April.

5. G. Fortuni, Hance; P. puberus, var. Fortuni, Muell.-Arg. in
DC. Prodr. xv. 11. 307. Hillnear Chaochaufu. Fl. April.

6. G. Arnottianum, Muell.-Arg.; G. molle, Hook. et. Arn. ; Benth.
Fl. Hongk. 314. Ravines, Mt. Gough, and Pokfulam,
Hongkong ; Swatow district. Fl. May.

7. G. hongkongense, Muell.-Arg.; G. littorale, Benth. 1. c. 314.
At the foot of Mt. Victoria, above Pokfulam reservoir,
and elsewhere, Hongkong; hills near Chaochaufu. FI.
August.

8. G. macrophyllum, Benth. 1. c. 315. At Little Hongkong,
Hongkong ; Taimoshan, and Taisuihang Valley, Hong-
kong New Territory. FI. Summer.

10.— FLUGGEA.

1. F. microcarpa, Blume; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 328.
Whampoa; Lienchow River; Lofoushan; West River.
Fl. August.

oS
2 2

11.—BREYNIA.
Key to species.
Fruiting perianth enlarged... se =. fruticosa.
Fruiting perianth nnchanged ... w» «=. officinalis,

1. B. fruticosa, Hook. f.; Melanthera chinensis, Blume; Benth.
Fl. Hongk. 313. West Point, Victoria Peak, Wanchai

236
Gap, and elsewhere, Hongkong ; Taimoshan and Harbour
Isle, Hongkong New Territory; Lanfa Mt., Hoifung.
FI. yellow, April-September. :
2. B. officinalis, Hemsl. Enum. Pl. China, ii. 427. Hoifung.
FI. green, April.

12.—BISCHOFIA.

1. B. javanica, Blume; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 316. At Little Hong-
kong and Causeway Bay, Hongkong ; Hahang, and near
Fanling, Hongkong New Territory ; Swatow district ;
Lienchow River. FI. yellowish, March.

13.—APOROSA.
Key to species.

Leaves obtuse or shortly bluntly acu-
_ minate; young parts pubescent ... 1. leptostachya.
Leaves caudate acuminate; glabrous

throughout ... vee sie .. 2, lanceolata.

1. A. leptostachya, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 317. Common in Hong-
kong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory ; Pakhoi ;
Lofoushan. Fl. April—May.

2. A. lanceolata, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1879, 14. Tingushan on
the West River. Fl. March.

14.—-DAPHNIPHYLLUM.
Key to species.

Styles erect ... ave ve we 1. calyctnum.
Styles recurved ait sis .. 2, glaucescens.

1. D. calycinum, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 316. On Mt. Cameron,
Hongkong; Taipo Road, Hongkong New Territory ;
Swatow district ; Hoifung; White Cloud hills, Canton ;
Macao. FI. April.

2. D. glaucescens, Blume ; D. Roxburghii, Baill.; Benth. 1. c. 316.
In a wood above Little Hongkong, Hongkong ; hill near
Chaochaufu. Fl. February.

15.—ANTIDESMA.
Key to species.

1. Perianth shortly divided is ao 2.
Perianth deeply divided eee os 3.

2, Leaves glabrous : ae : l. Bunius.
Leaves pubescent es 2, Fordii,

3. Leaves linear or linear lanceolate 3. microphyllum.
Leaves ovate ass sie se 4.

4, Leaves pubescent ae os we 4. Ghaesembilla.
Leaves glabrous sis nas ase 5.

5, Fruit narrowly elliptic... ae w. 5. gracile.
Fruit globose ae sia 6. japonicum.

237

1, A. Bunius, Spreng.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 318. Common in
Little Hongkong woods; Lantao Island on low ground,
and Majénshan Valley, Hongkong New Territory ; near
Wongehuki. Fl. May.

2. A. Fordii, Hemsi. Enum. PI. China, ii. 430. Madnshan,
Hongkong New Territory ; Lienchow River ; Lofoushan.
Fl. June—August.

3. A. microphyllum, Hemsi. 1. c. 432. Happy Valley woods,
and Mt. Gough south, Hongkong; Lantao Island and
et ates Hongkong New Territory. Fl. January—
April.

4, A. Ghaesembilla, Gaertn. ; A. paniculatum, Roxb. ; Benth. FI.
Hongk. 318. On the Pokfulam Road, in a valley at
Aberdeen, and at West Point, Hongkong; Hahang,
Hongkong New Territory; Pakhoi. FI. July.

5. A. gracile, Hemsi. Enum. Pl. China, ii. 431. Lienchow River ;
West River. Fl. June.

6. A. japonicum, Sted. et Zucc.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 318. Near
Victoria fort West Point, Victoria Peak, Happy Valley,
and Black’s Link, Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong
New Territory. Fl. April—June.

16.—MICRODESMIS.

1. M. caseariaefolia, Planch.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 380.
Loting River. Fl. May.

17.—_JATROPHA.
Key to species.

Petioles glabrous aks ees ~~ lL. Curcas.
Petioles glandular a i .. 2, glandulifera.

1. J. Curcas, Zinn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 309. In hedges and
near villages, Hongkong ; Lantao Island, and Lukking,
Hougkong New Territory. FI. yellow, May.

2. J. glandulifera, Roxb. ; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 382. Near
Pokfulam. FI. greenish yellow, July.

18.—ALEURITES.

Key to species.

Leaf glands stalked ; fruit sculptured 1. cordata.
Leaf glands sessile ; fruit smooth ... 2. Hordit.

1. A. cordata, Steud.; DC. Prodr. xv. 11. 724, Cultivated in
Hongkong ; occasionally near villages, Hongkong New
Territory ; near Chaochautu ; Tingushan on the West
River. Fl. white tinged with pink, April.

2, A. Fordii, Hemsi. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2801 et t. 2802. Cultivated
in Hongkong and Kwangtung. Fl. white tinged with
pink, April.

238

19.—CROTON.
Key to species.
1. Leaves glabrous ss cia nae 2.
Leaves pubescent or tomentose oi 3.
2. Leaves 3-nerved es ae .. 1, Yighum.
Leaves penninerved throughout .. 2, Hancei.
3. Bracts entire; styles bifid... .. 3. lachnocarpus.
Bracts divided ; styles 4-fid ... we 4. erasstfolius.

1. C. Tiglium, Zinn. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 393. Happy
Valley and Little Hongkong, Hongkong ; Lantao Island
and Shingmun Gap, Hongkong New Territory; near
Canton; Tungkun, delta of E. River; Pakhoi. Fi.
January—May.

2. C. Hancei, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 308. Happy Valley, Bowen
Road and Black’s Link, Hongkong. FI. May.

3. C. lachnocarpus, Benth. 1. c. 308. Happy Valley, Hongkong ;
wooded gorge near Ukautin, Hongkong New Territory ;
Swatow district ; Lofoushan. Fl. May.

4, C. crassifolius, Geisel.; C. chinensis, Benth.1.c.309. Pokfulam,

on the slopes of the hills at Aberdeen, Black’s Link, and
elsewhere, Hongkong ; Lowu, Hongkong New Territory ;
hills near Chaochaufu. Fl. white, April.

20.—BLACHIA.

. B. Pentzii, Benth.; Codiaeum Pentzii, Muell-Arg. in DC.

Prodr. xv. 11. 1118. At Paksha on the extreme southern
coast. Fl, August.

21.-SPERANSKIA.

. 8. Henryi, Oliver; Argyrothumnia cantonensis, Hance in Journ.

Bot. 1878, 14. North River. Fl. white, March.

22.—CLAOXYLON.

1. ©. indicum, Hassk.; Hook. f. FI. Brit. Ind. v. 410. In the
wood at the Buddhist Temple, Causeway Bay, and in
Little Hongkong woods, Hongkong; Hahang, Hongkong
New Territory ; Hoifung. Lofoushan. Fl. August.

23.—ACALYPHA.
Key to species.

1, Female bracts entire ... sine = 2.

Female bracts 3-5-partite 1. brachystachya.

2, Female bracts cordate... we. australis, —

Female bracts truncate ae ss 3.
3. Female bracts 1-flowered 3. fallax.
Female bracts 3-5-flowered 4, indica,

1.

A. brachystachya, Hornem.; Hook. £. Fl. Brit, Ind. v. 416.
Lienchow River. Fl, December.

bw

239

. A. australis, Linn. ; A. gemina, Spreng.; DC. Prodr. xv. 11.
866. A weed in cultivated ground, Hongkong; Whampoa ;
Lienchow River; North River. Fi. May.

. A. fallax, Muell.-Arg.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 416.
Kwangtung without locality. FJ.——.

4, A. indica, Linn. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 303. In waste places at

East Point, Shaukiwan and Little Hongkong, Hongkong ;

Macao, FI. July—November.

24.—ALCHORNEA.
Key to species.

Leaves softly pubescent above we |. rufescens,
Leaves glabrescent above’... w. 2, trewioides,

. A. rufescens, Franch. Pl. David. i. 265. Lienchow River.
Fl. August.

. A. trewioides, Muell-Arg.; Stipellaria trewioides, Benth. FI.
Hongk, 305. Low down on Mt. Victoria, Wongneichong,
and elsewhere, Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hongkong
New Territory; hills near Chaochaufu. Fl. March—

June.
25.—MALLOTUS.
Key to species.
. Leaves palmatinerved ... tie aint 3.
Leaves penninerved ... : 2

. Petioles and young shoots stifly hairy 1. Hookerianus.
Petioles and young shoots subglabrous 2. Furetianus.
. Leaves tomentose beneath ... 4,

Leaves glabrous or subglabrous beneath 7.
4, Leaves peltate ... ae cae -» 8, barbatus.
Leaves not peltate ... sa a 5.
5. Leaves with red glands beneat. we 4, philippinensis.
Leaves eglandular _... ibe os 6.
. Female spike simple; fruit with crowded
plumose processes ... Fa .» 5, Apelta.
Female spike paniculate; fruit processes
subulate... 6. cochinchinensis.

. Leaves with 4-7 pairs of nerves, not

running into teeth ... a sae 8.
Leaves with about 9 pairs of nerves
ending in teeth... es we = 7, populifolius,
8. Fruit smooth ... ei es .» 8. repandus.
Fruit echinate ... iat ate we =: 9. japonicus,

. M. Hookerianus, Muell.-Arg.; Hancea_Hookeriana, Seem. ;
Benth. Fl. Hongk. 306. In the Happy Valley woods,
Hongkong; Ukautin, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. May.

. M. Furetianus, Muell.-Arg. ; Hancea muricata, Benth. 1. c. 306.
Little Hongkong, Hongkong ; Taipo Road, Hongkong
New Territory. Fl. May.

240

3. M. barbatus, Muell.-Arg.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 428.
Along the West River. FI. May.

4, M. philippinensis, Muell.-Arg.; Rottlera tinctoria, Roxb. :
Benth. Fl. Hongk. 307. Mt. Gough, and common in
ravines, Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hongkong New
Territory ; Lienchow River. Fl. April.

5. M. Apelta, Muell.-Arg. ; Rottlera chinensis, Juss. ; Benth. 1. c.
306. Behind the Buddhist Temple, Causeway Bay,
Hongkong; Taipo Road, Hongkong New Territory ; on
the banks of the Han River, Swatow; Lofoushan. FI.
July.

6. M. en Lour.; Rotilera paniculata, A. Juss. ;
Benth. 1. c. 307. Very common on the north side of
Mt. Victoria and Mt. Gough, Hongkong ; Kwangtung
without locality. Fl. Aug,st.

. populifolius, Hems?. Enum. P1. China, ii. 441. Kwangtung
without locality. FJ. Summer.

8. M. repandus, Muell.-Arg. ; Rottlera cordifolia, Benth. |. ¢. 307.
Near West Point filter beds, Pokfulam Road, and Little
Hongkong, Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong New
Territory ; rocky gorge near Yit-hai, Swatow; near the
city of Canton; West River. Fl. April.

9. M. japonicus, Muwell.-Arg.; DC. Prodr. xv. 11.966. Lienchow
River. Fl. August.

st
s

26.—CLEIDION.

1, ©. javanicum, Blume; Hook. f£. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 444. Ravine
below Sheko Gap, Hongkong. Fl. February.

27.—-MACARANGA.
Key to species.

Leaves narrowly peltate a w 1. Sampsoni.
Leaves deeply peltate ... wa ww. 2. Tanarius.

1. M. Sampsoni, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1871, 124. In a wood near
the road above the monastery of Tingushan on the West
River. Fl. June.

2. M. Tanarius, Muell.-Arg.; Mappa Tanaria, Spreng.; Benth.
Fl. Hongk. 304. | Chaiwan, Hongkong; Kwangtung
without locality. Fl. March,

28.—RICINUS.

1. R. communis, Linn. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 307. In waste places,
Hongkong and Kowloon; river banks near Swatew, FI.
white, April. ;

29.—ENDOSPERMUM.

1. E. chinense, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 304, At Little Hongkong,
Hongkong; Tolo harbour, Hongkong New Territory ;
Swatow. Fl, June, /

_

241
30.—HOMOLANTHUS.

. H. Leschenaultianus, 4. Juss. Tent. Euphorb. 50, Kwangtung

without locality. FJ. ——.

31.—SAPIUM.
_ Key to species.

- Leaves nearly orbicular sis .. lL. rotundifolium,
Leaves elliptic or rhomboid ... sir —

. Leaves elliptic, acute at both ends ... 2. discolor.
Leaves rhomboid, acuminate ... w. =. 8. sebiferum.

. 8. rotundifolium, Hems/. Hnum. Pl. China, ii. 445. Lienchow

River. Fl. Summer.

. 8. discolor, Muell.-Arg.; Stillingia discolor, Champ. ; Benth.
Fl. Hongk. 303. Hongkong without locality; White
Cloud hills, Canton. Fl. May.

. 8. sebiferum, Roxb. ; Stellingia sebifera, Michx.; Benth. 1. c.
302. Common in Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong
New Territory ; gardens near Chaochaufu. FI. June.

32.—SEBASTIANA.

. 8. Chamaelea, Muell.-Arg.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 475.
Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory ; Macao. FI.
August,

33.—EXCOECARIA.
Key to species.
Leaves 1-14 inches broad... .. 1. Agallocha.
Leaves 3-4 inches broad “a ws» 2. japonica,

. E. Agallocha, Linn. ; Hook. f£. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 472. Estuary
at Little Hongkong, and at Taitam Tuk, Hongkong ;
Tingkok, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. January—
December.

. E. japonica, Muell.-Arg.; Stillingia japonica, Sieb. et Zuce. ;
Benth. Fl. Hongk. 303. Hongkong without locality ; on
the bank of the Han River, Swatow. Fl. May.

URTICACEAE.
Key to genera.
1. Tree and shrub — ay tae 2.
Herb... its oa ies a 12.
2. Female flowers closely packed on or in
receptacles ... ae ies ee 3.
Female flowers separate ae ooo 8,

21615 Q

242

. Flowers outside receptacles... ae

Flowers inside receptacles

4, Leaves strongly 3-nerved ss...
Leaves penuinerved ... wah see
5. Female flowers in spikes
Female flowers in globular heads
6

. Female flowers in large pear-shaped

masses
Female flowers in n globular heads

. Leaves subserrate, suddenly acuminate;

styles 6 times longer than perianth
Leaves entire, blunt ; styles short

8. Tree tes ode eis oes ot
Shrub
9. Leaves S-nerved

Leaves rer ies
Leaves crenate .
Leaves entire

. Leaves smooth and glabrous se

Leaves rough or velvety

. Plant climbing ... ae iss a

Stem erect ‘ =e — oe

. Leaves 5-11-partite

Leaves entire

. Flowers spicate ; female calyx “tubular

Flowers fascicled or cymose ...

. Leaves opposite

Leaves alternate

16. Leaves symmetrical...
Leaves oblique at the base os
17. Hairs stinging .. <e oe wee

No stinging hairs

. Flowers on a discoid receptacle

Flowers fascicled ai
Female calyx tubular, enclosing achene
Female calyx 3-4-partite ; achene free

. Stigma discoid ; perianth adnate

Stigma filiform ; perianth free

. Glomerules racemose-spicate ...

Cymes solitary, axillary, stalked

. Leaves symmetrical

Leaves oblique at the base

. Flowers some or all on a fleshy

receptacle ...
Flowers cymose

. All flowers on a fleshy receptacle

Male flowers only on a fleshy receptacle

1.—ULMUS.

lon)

23.

OO DO Be

4.

. Ficus.

5.
6.

. Morus.
. Broussonetia,

. Artocarpus,

7.

. Malaisia,
. Cudrania.

. Gironniera,

. Celtis.

Trema.
Humulus,
13.

. Cannabis.

14,
Boehmeria.

. Lecanthus.
. Pouzolzia,

20.
21.

. Villebrunea.
. Pouzolzia,
. Fleurya.

. Fatoua.

19.
23.

24,

. Pellionia,
. Elatostema.
. Procris,

. U. parvifolia, Jacquin ; Planch. in DC. Prodr. xvii. 161.
garden at Canton. FI, green, August ?

bo

243 :

2,—CELTIS.-...

Key to. species.
Leaves serrate above ..., aa we Ly sinensis.
Leaves aqraite entire... are seer OB philippinensis.

. C. sinensis, Pers.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 324. Common in the

island, Hongkong; Swatow; Macao; Lienchow River ;
Lofoushan, FI. green, March,

. ©. philippinensis, Blanco; Benth. 1. c. 324. In the Happy

Valley woods, and at Little Hongkong, Hongkong ;
Macao. FI. April.

3.—TREMA.

Key to species.

Leaves softly villous beneath .. ve LL. amboinensis.
Leaves nearly glabrous sh 2, témorensis.

. T. amboiensis, Blume; Sponia velutina, Planch.; Benth. Fl.

Hongk. 324. On the edges of woods, Hongkong ; hills
near Chaochaufu; Macao. FI. July.

. T. timorensis, Blume; Hook. f. Fl. Brit Ind. v. 483. North

River ; Lofoushan. Fi. May.

4.—GIRONNIERA.
Key to species.

Leaves rough beneath ... ae .» 1. subaequalis.
Leaves smooth beneath oe we = 2, nitida.

. G. subaequalis, Planch. ; G. chinensis, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 325.

Above Pokfulam reservoir and in a ravine of Mt, Gough,
Hongkong ; in a wood at Taiwai, Hongkong New Terri-
tory ; North River. Fl. March.

. G. nitidd’, Benth. 1.c. 325. In the Happy Valley woods, Hong-

kong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory ; Sauning.
FI. ‘April.

5.—HUMULUS.

Key to vane
Upper leaves ovate... we lL. Lupulus.
Upper leaves palmately lobed ws 2. japonicus.
. H. Lupulus, Zinn.; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1. 29. Lienchow River.

Fl. October.
H. japonicus, Sieb. et Zucc.; DC. 1. c. 29. Common roadside
weed, Canton; Lienchow River. Fl. August.

6.— CANNABIS.

. C. sativa, Linn.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. .v. 487. Weed in

Blake Garden, Hongkong ; Iekun, Hongkong New
Territory, cultivated ; Wine Eiree cultivated. FI.
green,"May. * *

1516 Q2

_

w

244

8.—FATOUA.

F, pilosa, Gaudich. ; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1.256. On roadside banks,
Hongkong ; Kowloon; weed on brick rubbish and city
wall, Canton; Lienchow River; Lofoushan. Fl. green,
September.

9.—_MALAISIA.

M. tortuosa, Blanco; DC.1. c. 221. Macao; Sanning ; West
River. FI]. white, August.

10.—BROUSSONETIA.
Key to species.

Leaves tomentose beneath, early leaves
lobed as ids ive «1. papyrifera.
Leaves subglabrous beneath, entire ... 2. Kaempferi.

. B. papyrifera, Vent.; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v.490. Naturalised

in Hongkong ; river banks near Chaochaufu ; Tai-iushan
on the West River. Fl. white, April.

B. Kaempferi, Sieb.; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1. 226. Near Taipo,
Hongkong New Territory ; hill near Chaochaufu ; Lien-
chow River. Fl. pink, April.

11.—MORUS.

. M. alba, Zinn. ; Hook. £. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 492. Mt. Gough

and Mt. Parker, Hongkong ; fields near Chaochaufu. Fl.
February.

13.—FICUS.
Key to species.

1. Figs axillary, 1-3 together ... be 2.
Figs 2 or more in clusters on the old
wood te sea aA sais 24,
2. Mature leaves or figs glabrous os 3.
Leaves and figs pubescent or hispid ... 20.
3. Figs sessile... oe bas ius 4.
Figs pedunculate cer avs site 9.
4. Petiole 1-2 inches long sei ie 5.
Petiole 4 inch long... eas ooh 29.
5. Leaves variously cut ... oie + 1, laceratifoha.
Leaves entire ... fag is axe 6.
6. Leaves membranous ... we w. 3. erecta.
Leaves chartaceous or coriaceous, ever-
green . os8 a 7
7

. Veins close and parallel a3 ies, AS Rumphii.

Veins distant ... eee ee ake 8

. Leaves

245

Leaves acute below ; figs } inch long...
Leaves rounded below ; figs # inch long

. Leaves regular .. eae

Leaves angular, polymorphous.

. Bracts none or near the base of the

peduncle... wee
Bracts at top of the peduncle .. ste

. Leaves entire

Leaves irregularly angular and dentate

Leaves membranous, veins not gaa
inent one on ae

Leaves coriaceous with prominent veins

. Leaves oblong, obtusely acuminate ...

Leaves elliptic, acutely acuminate

. Stem erect ‘de fos es dae

Stem creeping .

. Leaves strongly: reticulate on both sides

Veins not prominent

. Figs pear-shaped ae ns

Figs globular... eae ee ss

. Shoots hairy

Shoots glabrous 3

contracted in ” the “middle + 3
branches scabrous . :

Leaves lanceolate ; branches except tip
glabrous... ie was

. Leaves round at the base

Leaves unequally cordate

. Leaves glabrous and smooth above ...

Leaves pubescent or scabrous above...

21. Figs pedunculate ee oe ae
Figs sessile... — isi site
22. Figs pear-shaped sth aa sa

27.

28.
29.

. Figs shortly hispid ;

Figs globose... det <u die

leaves regularly
and closely serrate..

Figs bearded ; leaves distantly ‘dentate

. Figs essile Ss vias ee

Figs pedunculate.

. Figs hispid...

Figs glabrous

. Petiole more than hale “the breadth of

leaf ..
Petiole less than half the breadth of
leaf . abe
Branches strigose ; ‘ leaves with short
obtuse point
Branches glabrous ; leaves tapering to
point oe tee oe see
Leaves cordate .. sae =
Leaves rounded or acute at base...
Figs hairy sa sie ie wise
Figs glabrous... we ss

9.
altissima.
Wightiana.
. gibbosa.

Pee Ss

gibbosa.

13.

» nervosa.

7.
8. subulata.
9
7

19.
. vasculosa.
16.
pyriformis.
18.
. variolosa.
13. pandurata.
14. formosana.
15. zmpressa.
16. pumila.
6. Wightiana.

21.
22.
23.
25. Abelit.
17. Beecheyana.
18. hirta.
19. fulva,
6. Wightiana.
25.

20. hispida.
26.

21. infectoria.
27.
28.

22. chlorocarpa,.
23. ramentacea,
24, Harlandi.
26. foveolata,
2. retusa.

17.

‘246

. F. laceratifolia, Lénetllé et Vaniot in Mem. Acad. Barcelona,

vi. 151. Magazine Gap Road, and on hills above

_ Taihang, village, Hongkong; Mainshan, and hill above
Laichikok, Hongkong New Territory ; Phoenix Mt,
Swatow.

. retusa, Linn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 327. In wodds, on road-
sides, near habitations, and frequently planted, Hongkong ;
Kowloon ; Taishuihang, and other places, Hongkong New
Territory ; Swatow district.

F. erecta, Thunb.; Maxim. in Mél. Biol. xi. 328. Hongkong
without locality ; Lantao Island, Hongkong New Terri-
tory ; Whampoa; Lienchow River ; Lofoushan.

¥. Rumphii, Blume; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 512. Cultivated
at Macao,

F. altissima, Blume; Hook. 1. ¢. 504... North Point on. the
bank of the grounds,around the Naval hospital, Queen’s
Road East, perhaps only cultivated, Hongkong ; Kowloon;
near temples, Kwangtung. .

. Wightiana, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 327, At Little Hongkong,
and cultivated, Hongkong.

F, gibbosa, Blume ; Hook, f. Fl..Brit. Ind. v. 496. At Little
Hengkong, Hongkong; Kowloon; Madonshan, Linfati,
ae Fanling, Hongkong New Territory ; along the West

iver.

F. subulata, Blume ; Hook. f. 1. c. 497. Hahang, Hongkong
New Territory ; Lofoushan.

F. nervosa, Heyne; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 327. Happy Valley
woods, Mt. Nicholson, and Cape d’Aguilar, Hongkong ;
Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory.

. vasculosa, Wall.; F. Championi, Benth. 1. c. 328. In the
Happy Valley woods, Hongkong ; Swatow district.

. pyriformis, Hook. et Arn.; Benth. 1. c. 328. Mt. Nicholson,
Mt. Kellet, and common in watercourses, Hongkong ;
Taimoshan, Hongkorig New Territory ; by streams near
Chaochaufu ; Hoifung.

|

fy

|

ky

. F. variolosa, Zindl.; Benth. 1. c. 328. Common in ravines,

Hongkong ; Lantao Island and Port Shelter, Hongkong
New Territory ; White Cloud hills; Canton.

. F. pandurata, Hance; Maxim. in Mél. Biol. xi. 345. Fields

near Chaochaufu ; near Canton ; Dane’s-Island, Whampoa.

- formosana, Mazim. |. c. 331. Hongkong without locality ;

Hoifung ; Lienchow River.

impressa, Champ.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 328. In ravines

creeping over rocks, Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hong-

kong New Territory ; Swatow district. .

. pumila, Linn.; Maxim. 1. o. 342. Victoria Peak, and
Stonecutters’ Island, Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hong
kong New Territory; paddy field, Yit-hai, Han River

' valley ; Macao.; Lofoushan. ‘

F. Beecheyana, Hook, et Arn.; Benth. 1. c. 329. Mt. Gough

‘and Mt. Victoria, Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hongkon
New. Territory ; Kwaisin, Hoifung: : coe

|

=

|

18.

19.

20.
21.

22.

247

F. hirta, Vahl; Benth. |]. c. 329. Victoria Peak, and common in
ravines, Hongkong ; Madnshan and near Lowu, Hongkong
New Territory; hill near Chaochaufu and Hoifung ;
Whampoa ; Lofoushan.

F, fulva, Reinw.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v.531. Taomoshan,
and Maénshan, Hongkong New Territory; Swatow
district ; Hoifung ; North River.

F. hispida, Zinn.; Benth. lc. 329. Common in ravines,
Hongkong.

F. infectoria, Roxd.; Hook. f. F]. Brit. Ind. v. 515. Cape
d’Aguilar, Mt. Gough, and elsewhere, Hongkong ;
Kowloon ; Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory ; woods
near Yit-hai, Swatow.

F. chlorocarpa, Benth. 1. c. 330. Common in watercourses,

Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory ;
White Cloud hills, Canton.

23. FP. ramentacea, Roxrb.; Hook. f.1.¢. 528. West River.

24. F. Harlandi, Benth, 1. c. 330. On Mt. Gough and elsewhere,
Hongkong; Lantao Island and Maénshan, Hongkong
New Territory ; near Chaochaufu; White Cloud hills,
Canton.

25. F. Abelii, Mig. ; F. pyriformis, var. Abelii, King in Ann. Bot.
Gard. Cale. 1.158. Hall near Chaochaufu.

26. F. foveolata, Waill.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 528. Mt.
Parker, Hongkong; Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory;
slopes of the Phoenix Mt., Swatow.

14.—_CUDRANIA.
Key to species.
1, Leaves broadly ovate ... a w. 1. triloba.
Leaves obovate-lanceolate ... oe 2.
2.. Veins 8-10 pairs Be ee we 2, javanensis.
Veins 6 pairs ... Pee a a. 38, rectispina.
1. C. triloba, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1868, 49. Lienchow River ;

1.

West River. Fl. May.

. C. javanensis, Zrécul ; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 538. Hahang,

Hongkong New Territory ; hill near Chaochaufu. Fl.
April.

. C. rectispina, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1876, 365. Sheko Gap,

Hoktsui, and Cape d’Aguilar, Hongkong; Kowloon ;
Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory ; Lofoushan at
800 ft. Fl. May.

15.—_ARTOCARPUS.
Key to species.

Leaves glabrous below... ne .. 1. integrifolia,
Leaves tomentose below ae .. 2. hypargyraea,

A. integrifolia, Linn. ; Bot. Mag. t. 2833. Hongkong without
locality, and cultivated ; Macao, cultivated.

2.

1.

i?

1.

2.
3.
4,

248

A. hypargyraea, Hance ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 325. Mt. Gough
and Mt. Kellett, Hongkong; Kowloon; Lantao Island,
Hongkong New Territory ; Canton. Fl. June.

16.—_URTICA.
U. cordatifolia, Steud.; Walp. Ann. iii, 411. Hongkong
without locality. Fl. ——.

17.—FLEURYA.

F. interrupta, Gaud.; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1. 74. At the foot of
Mt. Gough, and in damp waste places near the Botanic
Gardens, Hongkong. Fl. September.

18.—PILEA.

Key to species.
Leaves entire ... “tt xs ee 2.
Leaves crenate or serrate... ss 3.
Nerves obscure, leaves orbicular, fleshy 1. crassifolia.
Leaves penninerved ... ints ..» 2, muscosa.
Leaves peltate ... re sits «. 3, peltata.
Leaves not peltate .... rats ech 4,
Leaves small, crenate ... ee .. 4 peploides.
Leaves large, serrate . 5. Wightit.

P. crassifolia, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1882, 294. Lienchow
River. Fl. December—March.

. P. muscosa, Lindl.; P. microphylla, Liebm.; DC. Prodr. xvi.

1. 105. A common weed on old walls, Hongkong ; Macao.
Fl. Summer.

. P. peltata, Hance; DC. 1. c. 131. Cockscomb Rocks, West

River ; Lienchow River. Fl. December.

. P. pelploides, Hook. et Arn.; DC.1.¢. 109. A common weed

in gardens, Hongkong. Fl. May.

. P. Wightii, Wedd. in DC. 1. c. 125. Lantao Island, Hong-

kong New Territory. FI. September.

19.—LECANTHUS.

. L. Wightii, Wedd.; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 559. Lofoushan.

Fl. August.

20.—PELLIONIA.
Key to species.

J. Leaves obtuse in outline iva w. 1. brevifolia.

' Leaves acute in outline sa ine 2:

2. Stem creeping ; leaves acute ... w=. 2, radicans,
Stem suberect ; leaves acuminate... ... 3.

3. Male cymes with peducles 2-3 inches

long ae a aa . 3. Griffithiana, |
Male cymes with peduncles }inch long 4, scabra. 7

249

. P. brevifolia, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 330. In ravines of Mt. Gough
and Mt. Victoria, Hongkong. FI. September.

. P. radicans, Wedd. in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1. 167. West River,
Canton. FI. E

. P. Griffithiana, Wedd.; Hook. £. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 559, Lien-
chow River. Fl. December.

. P. scabra, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 330. In ravines of Mt. Victoria,
Mt. Gough and Mt. Parker, Hongkong ; Taimoshan at
1500 feet, Hongkong New Territory ; slopes of the
Phoenix Mt. and wet banks near Yit-hai, Swatow ;
Canton. Fl. April.

21.—ELATOSTEMA.
Key to species.

Fruit smooth ..,. ae ie ... ~~ L.. sessile.
Fruit tuberculate a as ... 2. retrohirta.

. E. sessile, J. et G. Forst.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 563,

Rivulets under rocks, Yit-hai, Swatow. Fl. April.

. E. retrohirtum, Dunn, sp. n., E. papilloso, Wedd. affinis, indu-
mento distincta.

Herba erecta, 20-40 cm. alta, caule pilis brevibus deflexis
dense scabro. Folia alterna, oblique lanceolata, acuminata,
basi in altero latere angustata, altero cordata, semiamplexi-
caulia, subsessilia, ad 10 cm. longa, crenato-serrata,
papyracea, supra ubique, infra praecipue in venis, tenuiter
setulosa; petioli 2 mm. longi. Aeceptacula florifera
axillaria, peltata, margine fimbriata, 5 mm. diametro ;
pedunculi 2 mm. longi. Flores plurimi, conferti, laciniis
receptacularibus involucrati ; pedicelli 0°5-1 mm. longi.
Sepala 4, linearia, 0°5 mm. longa. Achenium ovale, tuber-
culatum, 1 mm. longum.

Wet shady ground near Yit-hai, Han valley, Dunn’s Han
Expedition, Herb. Hongk. n. 6288 (unique specimen in
Hongk. Herb., drawing in Kew Herb.) Fl. ——.

22.—PROORIS,

. P. laevigata, Blume ; Hook. I. c. 575. Taimoshan, Hongkong
New Territory. Fl. December—February.

23.—BOEHMERIA.
Key to species.

PY

. Leaves alternate ds a9 we 1, nivea,
Leaves opposite - Sik sig 2.

. Leaves lanceolate; spikes short dense 2. densiflora.
Leaves ovate ... sis eee ee 3.

. Leaves with a long cuspidate point ... 3. grandiflora.
Leaves acuminate eee a8 said 4,

. Spikes panicled wank ae ww» 4, polystachya,
Spikes simple ... «. 0s ee 5. platyphylla,

—

250

. B. nivea, Gaud.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 331. In ravines on

Mt. Victoria, and elsewhere, Hongkong ; cultivated in
Hongkong New Territory ; Yit-hai, Swatow ; Macao.
Fl. October.

. B. densiflora, Hook. et Arn.; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1. 215.

Abundant on Victoria Peak in the vicinity of Mountain
Lodge, Hongkong ; Lienchow River. FI. December—
March.

. B. grandifolia, Wedd. ; B. platyphylla, var. macrophylla, Wedd.;

DC. 1. c. 213. Kwangtung without locality. Fl. June to
August.

. B. polystachya, Wedd. ; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v.579. Lienchow

River. Fl. August.

. B. platyphylla, D.Don; Hook. f. 1. c. 578. Near Canton;

Lienchou River; North River; Lofoushan, FI. August.

24.—POUZOLZIA.
Key to species.

. Leaves serrate ... ais sie .. — L, ovalis.
Leaves entire ... sa so me 2.
. Nearly all leaves alternate... w» 2, indica,
Nearly all leaves opposite... w» =: 3. Arta.
. P. ovalis, Mig.; P. viminea, Wedd. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind,

v. 581. Below Molam on the West River. Fl. May.

. P. indica, Gaud.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 331. Robinson Road

and Mt. Victoria, Hongkong; Macao. FI. July.

. P. hirta, Hassk. ; Memorialis hispida, Ham.; Benth. 1. c. 332.

In shady places, Hongkong ; White Cloud hills, Canton ;
Lofoushan. Fl. June.

25.—VILLEBRUNEA.

. V. frutescens, Blume; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 332. Victoria
Peak and Mt. Parker, Hongkong ; Taimoshan, Hongkong
New Territory. Fl. March.
JUGLANDACEAE.
Key to genera.
. Leaves serrate ... ot vee — 2.
Leaves entire ... ana sais .» 2 Engelhardtia.
. Female flowers in loose spikes .. 1, Pterocarya. ©
Female flowers in strobiles_... .. 3. Platycarya.
1.—PTEROCARYA.

P. stenoptera, C.DC.; Prodr. xvi. 11.140. Lienchow River.
Fl. white, April.

—_

251

2.—ENGELHARDTIA.

. E. Wallichiana, Lindl.; Hook. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 596. Happy
Valley, Mt. Gough, and Little Hongkong woods, Hong-
kong. Fl. yellow, June.

3.—PLATYCARYA.

« P. strobilacea, Sieb. et Zuce.; DC. Prodr. xvi. 1. 145. Lien-
chow River. FI. March. ,

_

oo Oo TF SD

MYRICACEAE.
1.—MYRICA.

als

. M. rubra, Sieb. et Zuce.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 322. Mt. Victoria,
Mt. Kellet arid Mt. Parker’ south, Hongkong ; common

on the hills near Yit-hai, Swatow; Canton? Fl. yellow,

March. : ‘

AMENTACEAE.

Key to genera.

. Fruit a catkin of many small capsules
Fruit of one or more large nuts

. Pericarp smooth or unarmed ..,
Pericarp prickly

1.—QUERCUS.
“- Key to species.

. Cup enclosing acorn
Cup not enclosing acorn
, Leaves over 6 inches long
Leaves under 6 inches long, entire or
undulate ‘a we
. Cup with concentric rings
Cup scaly. 8 re we are
. Leaves silvery, veins prominent beneath

Leaves green beneath, veins not raised.

. Cup attached to acorn at base only ...
Cup attached to bottom and sides of
acorn - ‘ ea sie i
. Leaves glabrous
Leaves pubescent
. Cup with concentric zones
Cup scaly :
. Leaves glabrous’
Leaves pubescent
. Leaves linear-oblong ...
Leaves lanceolate ‘

3. Salix.
2.
1. Quercus.
2. Castanopsis.

4,
20..
3. sclerophylla.
4. cuspidata, .'
7.

6. a:

5. cornea,

6. uvaritfolia.

iE ee ae
: 9, Ry ont
7. Championi.
8. salicina,

, 10: Pc

10.
Id,
12.
13.
14.
15.

16.
17.
18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

23.

24,

25.

_

252

Leaves toothed

Leaves entire aes ae

Leaves suddenly acuminate below

Leaves gradually acuminate below

Cup saucer-shaped

Cup cup-shaped i a

Secondary veins about 7 pairs

Secondary veins about 11 pairs

Leaves elliptic rounded at the top

Leaves acute ane ae as

Leaves serrate or strongly dentate
throughout ... i ae ae

Leaves entire or undulate at the top...

Leaves deeply undulate-dentate as

Leaves serrate ... Ser we sie

Shoots glabrous age Pee see

Shoots hairy... sh ee sae

Young cups covered with the long scale
points ne oes is

Scales of cups with short points

Leaves entire —

Leaves serrate throughout

Leaf veins obscure beneath

Leaf veins prominent beneath

Scales of cups with subulate points

Scales of cups with short points or blunt

Ultimate venation of leaves reticulate

Ultimate venation transverse ...

Veins 12-13 pairs

Veins 8-10 pairs

Leaves oblong-elliptic,
acuminate ... abe

Leaves lanceolate, cuneate sia

Leaves bullate (arched up between the
veins) sis oes or ae

Leaves flat

base abruptly

- Q. fissa, Champ.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 320.

14.
12, tteaphylla.
13. litseoides.
14. polystachya,

17. LIrwinit.
18, thalassica,
24, Elizabethae.
1. fissa.
25. attenuata.
2. amygdalifolia.
19. fenestraia.
22.
23.
24,
22. Hancei.
14. polystachya.

25

21. H weland:,

23. synbalanos.
20. brevicaudata.

In the Happy

Valley and Little Hongkong woods, Hongkong; on the
Taipo road, Hongkong New Territory ; Swatow district ;

Lienchow River. Fl. May.

2, Q. amygdalifolia, Skan in Hemsl. Enum. Pl. China, ii. 506.
Mt. Cameron, and hills north of Taitam reservoir, Hong-
kong; Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory. FJ. May.
3. Q. sclerophylla, Lindl. ; Q. cuspidata, var. sinensis, DC. Prodr.
xvi, 11. 103. Happy valley woods, Hongkong. FI. May.

4, Q. cuspidata, ZThund.; DC. 1. c. 103.

5. Q. cornea, Lour.; Benth. FI. Hongk, 322.

Canton. Fl. ——,

White Cloud hills,

Mt. Victoria, Mt.

Parker, Little Hongkong, and elsewhere, Hongkong ;

Lantao Island and Maénshan, Hongkong New Territory ;
Kwaisin, and Hoifung. Fl. April,

253

6. Q. uvariifolia, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1884, 227. Pak-kwa-ngan
near Phoenix Mt., Swatow; Tanghashan, near Chao-
chaufu, North River; Lofoushan. FI. April.

7. Q. Championi, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 321, In the. Happy Valley
woods, Mt. Cameron, and near Victoria Gap, Hongkong.
Fl. April.

8. Q. salicina, Blume ; Benth. 1. c. 321. In the Happy Valley
woods, and elsewhere, Hongkong; Shalotung, Houscone
New Territory. Fl. April.

9. Q. glauca, Thunb. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 604. Pokfulam,

Mt. Cameron, Deepwater Bay, and Cape d’Aguilar,
Hongkong ; Lienchow River. Fl. March.

10. Q. Blakei, Skan in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2662. Tatitin and
Malautong, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. ——.

11. Q. Edithae, Skan in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2661. On Mt. Nicholson,
and Mt. Kellet, Hongkong; Tatitin, Hongkong New
Territory. Fl. March.

12. Q. iteaphylla, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1884, 229. In the Happy
Valley woods, at the top of the wood behind the Buddhist
Temple, Causeway, Hongkong. Fl. April.

13. Q. litseoides, Dunn in Journ. Bot. 1909, 377. Lantao Island
at 1000 ft. on exposed rocky slopes, Hongkong New
Territory. Fl. March.

14, Q. polystachya, WVall.; Hook. £. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 610. Mb.
Nicholson, and Mt. Cameron, Hongkong ; Swatow district.
Fl. Spring.

15. Q. Fabri, Hance in Journ. Linn. Soc. x. 202. Lienchow River.
Fl. March.

16. Q. serrata, Thund.; Hook. f. 1. c. 601. Hongkong New
Territory without locality ; Suikong. Fl. April.

17. Q. Irwinii, Hance; DC. Prodr. xvi. 11. 84. On the southern
slope of Mt. Cameron, Hongkong; Taimoshan and
Maonshan, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. ——.

18, Q. thalassica, Hance ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 321. In the Happy
Valley woods, Mt. Davis, Pokfulam, and Black’s Link,
Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory ;
Kwaisin, Hoifung ; Lienchow River ; North River. FI.
August—October.

19, Q. fenestrata, Roxb.; Hook. f. L c. 608. Mt. Kellet north,
Hongkong ; Lantao Island at 1500 ft., Hongkong New
Territory. Fl. ——.

20. Q. brevicaudata, Skan in Hemsl. Enum. Pl. China, ii. 508,
Hill near Chaochaufu. FI. April.

21. Q. Harlandi, Hance ; Benth. 1. c. 321. In the Happy Valley
and Little Hongkong woods, in the Sukunpo valley, and
on the hills above Deepwater Bay, Hongkong; Pak-kwa~-
ngan village near Chaochaufu. Fl. April.

22. Q. Hancei, Benth. 1. c. 322. Victoria Peak, Mt. Gough, Mt.
Kellet and Little Hongkong, Hongkong ; Lantao Island,
Hongkong New Territory. Fl. white, April.

23, Q. synbalanos, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1884, 228. In the Happy
Valley woods, and Aberdeen New Road, Hongkong ;

24
25

204

Lantao Island, and Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory.
Fl. July.
Q. Elizabethae, J'utcher in Journ. Bot. 1911, 273. Mt. Victoria,
Hongkong ; Taiwai, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. :
Q. attenuata, Shan; Q. Eyrei, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1884,
229. Happy Valley woods, Hongkong. Fl. June.

2.—CASTANOPSIS.
Key to species.

Leaves subsessile ie re vw 1, Pordii,
Leaves petiolate and its ae 2.
Spines covering the fruit Se ac 3.
Spines in ridges or tufts we ie ts
Leaves glabrous es wa sae 4,
Leaves pubescent Are 3 5.
Leaves ovate, 2-3 inches long 2. Eyrei.
Leaves lanceolate, 5-6 inches long 3. Fabri.

Leaves entire or with a few teeth at
the top wae : 6.

Leaves repand dentate in the upper

half ... iat a ats a. 4, jucunda.
Leaves broadest at or above the middle 5. concinna.
Leaves broadest below the middle 3. Fabri.

Spines in ridges ie sats see 8.
Spines in tufts ... os du a» 6. chinensis.
Ridges of spines vertical — we = 7, Lamontii.
Ridges of spines spiral... 8. tribuloides.

C. Fordii, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1884, 230. Stream at the fant
of the Phoenix Mt., Swatow ; Lofoushan. Fl. April. ...

C. Eyrei, Tutcher; Quercus Eyret, Champ.; Benth. Fl. Hongk.

320. In the woods east of Wongneichong, above the
Little Hongkong woods, Mt. Cameron north, Mt. Gough,
and on the hills between Taitam Gap and the reservoir,
Hongkong. Fl. white, April.

. G. Fabri, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1884, 230. Mt. Parker, Mt.

Kellet, and Mt. Victoria, Hongkong ; Lantao Island and
ne aa Hongkong New Territory; Lofoushan. Fl.
p

. C. jucunda, Hance. 1. c. 230. Tanghashan, about 30 miles

northwest of Shuikwan (Shaochaufu) N. River. Fl. :

*5, C. concinna, A.DC.; DC. Prodr. xvi. 11.110. Happy Valley

woods, and Aberdeen New Road, Hongkong ; Taimoshan,
Sc Pass, and Taiwai, Hongkong New Territory.

. CG. chinensis, Hance in Journ. Linn, Soc. x. 201. White Cloud

hills, Canton; Tsingyune Pass, North River. Fl. April.

. C. Lamontii, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1875, 368. In the Happy:

Valley woods, and on Mt. Parker, Hongkong ; slopes of
Phoenix Mt., Swatow? Fl. white, February—April.

. C. tribuloides, 4.DC.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 622.. Mt.

_Kellet, north side, Hongkong. FI. :

—_

255

3.—SALIX.
Key to species.
. Leaves linear ... sis we 1. babylonica,
Leaves ovate or lanceolate... 2.
. Leaves lanceolate, 2 inches long by
+ inch wide er we ; 2. cantoniensis,
Leaves broader ais fe 3.
. Back of bracts glabrous .. 3. Mesnyi.
Back of bracts woolly .. sia .» 4, tetrasperma.

. 8. babylonica, Zinn.; DC. Prodr. xvi. 11. 212. River bank

near Chaochaufu. FI. February.

. &. cantoniensis, Hance; DC. 1c. 685. Canton River. Fl.

February.

. 8. Mesnyi, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1882, 38. Canton; Lienchow

River. FI. January.

8. tetrasperma, Roxb.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v.626. Muddy
banks of the Canton River; Shekmun near Canton, FI.
March.

GYMNOSPERMAE.

GNETACEAE.
1.—GNETUM.

. G. scandens, Roxb. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 336. Little Hongkong

woods, Happy Valley, Mt. Victoria, and elsewhere,
Hongkong ; Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory ; hill
near Chaochaufu. Fl. green, June.

CONIFERAE.
Key to genera.
. Leaves in pairs.. ane sin ww. 5, Pinus,
Leaves distinct .. we ins iis 2.
. Leaves short, subulate. ay .. 1. Glyptostrobus.
Leaves flat a os a 3.
. Leaves needle-pointed .. wits vais 4,
Leaves acute or blunt .. ue .» 3. Podocarpus,
. Leaves minutely serrate site we 4. Cunninghamia
Leaves quite entire... ave ww. 2. Cephalotaxus.
1.—GLYPTOSTROBUS.
. G. heterophyllus, Andl.; DC. Prodr. xvi. 11. 439. Hatsun,

and between Taipo and cee Hongkong New Terri-
tory; Canton. FI.

206

2.—-CEPHALOTAXUS.

. C. Fortunei, Hook.; DC. Prodr, xvi, 11. 503. Near Phoenix
Mt., Swatow. Fl. April.

8.—PODOCARPUS.
Key to species.

1. Two white lines on underside of leaves 1. argotaenia.
Leaves green ... sas sie ee 2.

2. Leaves gradually attenuate,acuminate 2. nerizfolia.
Leaves shortly attenuate, acute we —-3. chinensis.

1, P. argotaenia, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1883, 357. Mt. Parker,

Hongkong; Lantao Island and Taimoshan, Hongkong
New Territory; near Phoenix Mt., Swatow ; Lofoushan,
Fl. April.

P. neriifolia, D. Don; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 649. Victoria
Peak, Hongkong. FI. :

P. chinensis, Wall.; DC. Prodr. xvi. 11. 516. Hoktsui and
Mt. Victoria, Hongkong. Fl. ——.

4.—CUNNINGHAMIA.

. C. sinensis, R. Br.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 337. In the Happy
Valley and Chaiwan, Hongkong; frequent in the Hongkong
New Territory ; hill near Chaochaufu ; Macao. FI. April.

5.—PINUS.

. P. Massoniana, Lambert; P. sinensis, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 337.
In the Happy Valley woods, and largely planted, Hong-
kong; frequent in the Hongkong New Territory ; hills
near Chaochaufu. FI. yellow, March.

CYCADACEAE.
1.—CYCAS.
Key to species.
1. Leaf segments flat... ae w» 1. tatwaniana.
Leaf segments revolute ae ant 2.
2. Leaflets reduced to spines below ... 2. revoluta.
Leaflets reduced to teeth below .. 3. Rumphii.

1. C. taiwaniana, Carruthers in Journ. Bot. 1893, 2. Swatow;

Lofoushan. Fl. March.

2, C. revoluta, Thunb. ; DC. Prodr. xvi. 11.526, Swatow. Fl.—.
3. C. Rumphii, i Dyer in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind, v. 657.

Swatow.

257
MONOCOTYLEDONES.

HYDROCHARIDACEAE.

Key to genera.

1. Freshwater herb ‘iva ies wid 2.
Salt water herb is sels .. 6. Halophila.
2. Stems branched 3.

Plant stemless ... 4,
3. Leaves whorled... 1. Hydrilla.
Leaves scattered ‘ 2. Lagarosiphon.
4, Leaves linear, sessile ... ;
Leaves ovate, petiolate 5. Ottelia.
5. Leaves serrate at the tip 3. Vallisneria.
Leaves acute, entire 4, Blyxa.

1.—HYDRILLA.

1. H. verticillata, Royle; Hook. £ Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 659. Pools
along the Lienchow River. Fl. August.

2.—LAGAROSIPHON.

1. L. Roxburghii, Benth.; Hook. f. 1. c. 659. Marshy pools
on hills above Pat-heung, Hongkong New Territory ;
Lofoushan, Fl. October.

3.—VALLISNERIA.

1. V. spiralis, Zenn.; Hook. f. 1. c. 660. Lienchow River. FI.
December.

4.—BLYXA.

1. B. Roxburghii, Rich.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 347. In water-
courses at the racecourse, Little Hongkong, Shunwan,
and Chaiwan Gap, Hongkong ; near Kuntong, Hongkong
New Territory ; Swatow; Hoifung. Fl. white, Septem-
ber—January.

5.—OTTELIA.

1. 0. alismoides, Pers.; Hook. f. 1. c. 662. Lantao Island,
Taipo, and Sanwai, Hongkong New Territory ; Hoifung ;
Whampoa ; Sanning; West River; Fukwing near Hong-
kong on the Canton River. Fl. white, August.

6.—HALOPHILA.
1, H. ovata, Gaud.; Hook, f,1, c, 663, Kowloon Bay, Hongkong.

1, ——,

21515 B

208
BURMANNIACEAE.

1.—BURMANNIA.
Key to species.
. Stem branched ... ss atts Abs 2.

Stem not branched 3,

. Flowers blue, $-3 inch long 1. Wallichii.
Flowers white, 3 inch long 2. nepalensis.

. Leaves 2-3 inches long : re 3. disticha.
Leaves under 1 inch long ie ae 4,

. Flowers blue, perianth winged .. 4. coelestis.

Flowers pink-brown, perianth not
winged . 5. Dalzelii,

. B. Wallichii, Hook. f.; Gonyanthes Wallichii, Miers ; Benth.
Fl. Hongk. 364. Mt. Gough, and in a swamp at Taitam
Tuk, Hongkong; Hoifung. Fl. blue, September—
November.

. B. nepalensis, Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 666. Lofoushan. Fl.
white, August.

. B. disticha, Linn.; Hook. f. 1. c. 664. Hongkong without
locality ; Kwaisin, Hoifung; Szetseshan, Sanning;
Shuibhing Pass on the West River. Fl. blue, May—August.
. B. coelestis, D. Don; Hook. f. 1. c. 665. Near Shemedat
Hongkong New Territory ; foot of the White Cloud hills,
Canton ; Lienchow River ; Shuikwan (Shaochaufu) River.
F1. blue, October—December.

. B. Dalzieli, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1902, 311. Near Canton.
Fl. pink-brown, July.

ORCHIDACEAE,
Key to genera.

. Inflorescence at the apex of the young

growth segs “a aes aos 2.
Inflorescence not at the apex of the
young growth sae ee a 24,
. Plant with evergreen stems or leaves,
or both i she sisi ag 3.
Plant with deciduous stems or leaves 17.
. Plant with distinct false bulbs cis 4,
Plant without false bulbs oe ais 8.
. Inflorescence erect oe 5
Inflorescence drooping ... ae aise ts
. Petals 7 lines long ee ae w= «6. Bria.
Petals less than 7 lines long ... ies 6.
. Column elongated, lip entire ... w+ 2. Liparis.

Column short, lip 3-lobed ww. 1. Microtylis.
. Sepals 10 lines long or more ... .» 13. Coelogyne.
Sepals 6 lines long or less she ws 14, Pholidota,
. Stems erect or none... as aot 9.
Stems creeping ... ss vee 12,

209

9. Petals more than 1 inch long ... aire 10.
Petals less than 4 inch long ... see 11.
10. Stems more than 1 ft. long... --» 16. Arundina.
Stems none or very short ie ..» 44, Paphiopedilum.
11. Leaves distichous hoe re ... 26. Appendicula.
Leaves not distichous ... ae ... 36. Goadyera, ete.
.2, Lip not spurred... an as or 13.
Lip spurred... me as wads 15.
13. Lip clawed... swe i ... 35, Haemaria,
Lip sessile vee ar ide eae 14.
14. Sepals united ... ais a .. 34, Cheirostylis.
Sepals free vee me ie .. 36. Goodyera,
15. Lip clawed ais ibe as .. 31, Anoectochilus.
Lip sessile at es via ace 16.
16. Column with 2 processes descending
into the spur i site ... 32. Vrydagzynia.
Column without 2 processes descending
into the spur a ia «. 30. Physurus.
17. Lip not spurred se ie i609 18.
Lip spurred... oes ‘ies eo 22.
18, Flowers arranged into a distinct spiral 29. Spiranthes.
Flowers not arranged in a spiral zis 19.
19, Petals linch long... os .. 10, Bletia.
Petals less than 1 inch long ... oe 20.
20. Leaves radical ... abe te ... 42, Habenaria.
Leaves cauline ... ig ‘ia ies 21,
21. Petals 24 lines long... ia w. 33, Zeuxine.
Petals ? inch long a ais ... 389. Pogonia.
22. Spur vesicular ... st ws wai 23.
Spur not vesicular... ea .. 42, Habenaria,
23. Lip equally 3-lobed_... ee w. 43. Glossula.
Lip unequally 3-lobed _ .. 40, Peristylus.
24, Plant with evergreen stems or leaves,
or both wail Sd ais ree 25.
Plant with deciduous stems and leaves 46.
25. Plant with distinct false bulbs vs 26.
Plant without distinct false bulbs... 35.
26. Leaves large, over 6 inches long aay 27.
Leaves under 6 inches long ... =o 29.
27. Sepals and petals 2 inches long w= 9. Phaius.
Sepals and petals under 2 inches long 28.
28. Leaves several ... se oe .» 15. Calanthe.
Leaf one ei sini sie vw. = 12, Tainia,
29. Inflorescence umbellate or 1-flowered 30.
Inflorescence not umbellate ... er 32.
30. Plant minute... ia ie we «66. Fria.
Plant not minute acy ire ae 31.
31. Sepals nearly equal ; inflorescence some-
times 1-flowered ... au .. 4. Bulbophyllum.
Dorsal sepal much shorter than the
lateral Miah oe ee .. 5, Cirrhopetalum.
32. Leaf one wi — nas vee 33.
Leaves more than one.., a . 6, Evia,

21515 R2

260

33. Inflorescence in a sheath with the
young growth ae ll. Nephelaphyllum.
Inflorescence not in a sheath . 34,
34. Flowers large ... dan ise ... 3. Dendrobium.
Flowers minute... 27. Thelasis.
35. Leaves radical ... 36.
Leaves cauline ... Bi
36. Leaves thin, broad 36a.
Leaves rather thick, linear 18. Cymbidium.
36a. Leaves 1 to 3, 3-nerved hiss 38. Cryptostylis.
Leaves several, more than Snerved. . 15. Calanthe.
37. Leaves distichous “ 38.
Leaves not distichous ... ar we Ll. Nephelaphyllum.
38. Leaves 6-8 inches long, at least
14 inches broad 39.
Leaves either shorter or narrower 40.
39. Leaves thick and leathery 22. Acampe.
Leaves thin and plicate eee 15. Calanthe.
40. Inflorescence panicled, 1 ft. long 26. Ornithochilus,

Inflorescence much shorter

41.

+1. Lip spurred or saccaie... 42.
Lip not spurred i 45.
42, Flowers large, showy ... 3. Dendrobium,
Flowers small ... 43.
43. Spur of lip divided or almost closed .. 44,
Spur of lip not divided or closed, saccate 2. Tropidia.
44. Spur of lip divided internally 23. Sarcanthus.
Spur of lip almost closed with a callus 24. Cleisostoma.
45. Flowers distichous; rachis flat and
pectinate ots 21. Sarcochilus.
Rachis not flat and pectinate is 20. Diploprora,
46. Leaves cordate or reniform 39. Pogonia.
Leaves not cordate or reniform 47,
47. Scapes stout 48,
Scapes slender ... sis 49,
48. Scapes 2 ft. high or more 17. Eulophia.
Scapes 1 ft. high or less 19. Geodorum.
49, Flowers in a 1-sided spike 7. Pachystoma.
Flowers not in a 1-sided spike 8. Spathoglottis.
1.—MICROSTYLIS.

1. M. congesta, Reichb. f.; Dienia congesta, Lindl.; Benth. FI.
Hongk. 352. Mt. Victoria and Mt. Nicholson, Hong-
kong : Lantao Island and Taimoshan, Hongkong New
Territory : Swatow. Fl. yellowish-green or purple, June.

2.—LIPARIS.

Key to species.
1, Leaves lanceolate es ioe oe 2.
Leaves ovate or oblong dig eas 4.
2. Pseudobulbs 1 inch long sit te 3.

Pseudobulbs 4-6 inches long ... 1, longipes,

bo

3.

261

Leaves 1 or 2, 5-nerved, 6 inches long,

2 inch bead ba a we = 2. chloroxantha.
Leaf 1, 3-nerved, 5 inches ‘long, 1

inch broad . .. 3. plicata.

Pseudobulbs small, underground w. 4, odorata,
Pseudobulbs 2 or 3 inches long or more 5. nervosa.

. L. longipes, Zindl.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 352. In clefts of

rocks on Victoria Peak, Mt. Nicholson and Mt. Parker,
Hongkong ; Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory ;
Lofoushan. Fl. yellowish-white, September.

. L. chloroxantha, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1883, 23!. Mt. Parker,

Hongkong ; Madnshan, Hongkong New Territor y ; top of
Phoenix Mt., Swatow. FI. yellowish-green, December—
March.

L. plicata, Franch. et Savat. Enum. Pl. Japon. ii. 509. Hong-
kong without locality. Fl. yellowish-green, ——.

L. odorata, Zindi.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 352. Hongkong
without locality ; ; Lantao Island and Kowloon City Gap,
Hongkong New Territory. Fl. yellow, June.

L. nervosa, Zindi.; Benth. |. c. 352. In clefts of rocks,
Victoria Peak, and on Mt. Parker, Hongkong ; Maénshan,
Hongkong New Territory ; by streams on the slopes of
the Phoenix Mt., Swatow. Fl. greenish-purple, April.

3.—DENDROBIUM.
Key to species.

. Flowers rose-coloured or partly so... 2.
Flowers white, green or yellow bss 3.
. Flowers rose-coloured; pseudobulbs 1 ft.

long or more 1. aduncum.
Flowers rose and. yellow ; pseudobulbs
less than 6 inches long ace we 2, Loddigesii.

. Flowers white and green : 3. moniliforme.
Flowers yellow ; pseudobulbs short,
thick ao 4. aggregatum.
. D. aduneum, Wall. ; ioe: f, Fl. Brit, Ted. v. 730. Lienchow

River ; Lofoushan. Fl. rose-coloured, June.

. D. Loddigesii, Rolfe in Gard. Chron. 1887, 11.155. 150 miles

northwest of Cantou, on rocks. Fl. rose and yellow, May.
D. moniliforme, Sw. ; Epidendrum monile, Thunb. FI. Jap. 30.
By streams on the slopes of the Phoenix Mt., Swatow.
Fl. white and green, April. ;
D. aggregatum, Roxb.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 749,
Lofoushan. FI. yellow, June.

4.—BULBOPHYLLUM.
Key to species.

. Pseudobulbs 14 to 2 inches long; ss

l-flowered . .. Ll. Watsonianum.
Pseudobulbs 4 ta 1 inch long scape
several-flowered ... 2.

262

. Flowers long-pedicelled ee w. «2. radiatum.

Flowers very short-pedicelled... .. 8, odoratissimum.

. B. Watsonianum, Reichb. 7.; Eria ambrosia, Hance in Journ.

Bot. 1883, 232. Not uncommon on rocks, Victoria Peak,
Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory ;
slopes of the Phoenix Mt., Swatow. Fl. white with
purple veins, March.

. B. radiatum, Zindl.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 353. Victoria Peak,

Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory.
Fl. white, June.

3. B. odoratissinum, Zind/.; Hook. f£. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 758,
Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. yellowish-
white, May.

5.—CIRRHOPETALUM,
Key to species.
1, Leaves 1-14 inches long a: we L. tigridum.
Leaves 3-6 inches long ee ste 2.
2. Lateral sepals 2 inches long .. 2. delitescens.
Lateral sepals 4-1 inch long ... i 3.

3. Lateral sepals 4 inch long ; leaves 5-6

inches long ... je dis w= 8, Ford.
Lateral sepals 1 inch long; leaves
3 inches long iad oni .. 4. bicolor.

i)

- Scape from side of "pseudobulb or

. C. tigridum. Rolfe; Bulbophyllum tigridum, Hance in Journ.

Bot. 1883, 232. Taimoshan on granite rocks at 2800 ft.,
Hongkong New Territory ; Lofoushan at 3000 ft. FI.
purplish yellow, August— December.

C. delitescens, Rolfe in Gard. Chron. 1882, 11.461. Victoria
Peak, and on hills above Repulse Bay, Hongkong ;
Taimoshan at 1500 ft., Hongkong New Territory.
yellow and purple, August.

. C. Fordii, Rolfe in Kew Bull. 1896, 193. Lienchow River ;

North River. Fl. yellowish purple, August.

- C. bicolor, Rolfe; Bulbophyllum bicolor, Lindl. Gen. et Sp.

Orch. 49, Hongkong without locality ; Taimoshan,
Hongkong New Territory. Fl. purple and yellow, May.

6.—ERIA.

Key to species.

. Plant minite; peduncles 3-5 lines long 1. stnica.

Plant not minute : 2

oe

terminal .., vs a ; 3.
Scape from base of pseudobulb . 38, flava.

- Inflorescence out of side of pseudobulb 2. Corneri.

Inflorescence terminal ... ses a. = 4, TOSea

263

1. EB. sinica, Lindl.; E. pusilla, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 353. On
bare rocks on the top of Mt. Victoria, and in similar places
on Mt. Parker, Hongkong. FI. yellowish-green, Novem-
ber—April.

2. E. Corneri, Reichd. f. in Gard. Chron. 1878, 11. 106. Ravine
on the southwest slope of Mt. Parker, Hongkong ;
Taimoshan at 1500 ft., Hongkong New Territory ; streams
at the foot of the Phoenix Mt., Swatow ; Lofoushan. FI.
yellowish-white, August.

3. E. flava, Lindl. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 801. Near Stanley
and on Mt. Parker, Hongkong ; Hongkong New Territory
without locality; Swatow. Fl. pale yellow, July—
September.

4, E. rosea, Zindl.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 353. On rocks on the
top of Mt. Gough, Hongkong. Fl. pink, February.

7.—PACHYSTOMA.

1, P. chinense, Reichd. f.; Benth. 1. c. 356. Mt. Kellet, Mt.
Gough, Taitam Tuk and Repulse Bay, Hongkong ; Macao.
Fl. purple and green, April.

8._SPATHOGLOTTIS.

1. 8. pubescens, Lindl.; S. Fortunei, Lindl.; Benth. 1. c. 355.
Very common on grassy hills, Hongkong. Fl. yellow, July.

9.—PHAIUS.

1. P. grandifolius, Zour.; Benth. 1. c. 355. Common by the sides
of streams, Hongkong ; near Taipo, Hongkong New
Territory ; riverside near Yit-hai village, Han valley.
Fl. white outside, cinnamon-brown inside, lip with purple
markings, April.

10.—BLETIA.

1. B. hyacinthina, R. Br.; Cymbidium ‘hyacinthinum, Sm.; Bot.
Mag. t. 1492. Lienchow River. Fl. rosy purple, March.

11.—NEPHELAPHYLLUM.

Key to species.

Leaves about 2 inches long, cordate... 1. eristatum.
Leaves 34 to 5 inches long, ovate ... 2. chinense.

1. N. cristatum, Rolfe in Kew Bull. 1896, 194. Mt. Gough,
Hongkong. FI. green and purple, June.

2. N. chinense, Rolfe l.c. 194. Swatow.; Tingushan on the West
River. Fl. greenish white, August.

bw

bo

264

12.—TAINIA.
Key to species.

Leaves lanceolate, 1-14 inches broad 1. honghongensis.
Leaves elliptical, at least 2inches broad 2. macrantha.

. T. hongkongensis, Rolfe ; Ania angustifolia, Benth. Fl. Hongk.
356. Happy Valley woods, Mt. Parker, Mt. Gough, and
above Little Hongkong, Hongkong; Maénshan, Hongkong
New Territory ; Swatow. Fl. greenish purple, April.

. T. macrantha, Hook. f. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1860. Lofoushan at

3100 ft. Fl. August.

13.—COELOGYNE.
Key to species.

Plant with evergreen leaves ... «= 1. fimbriata.
Plant with deciduous leaves ... .» 2. pogonoides.

. C. fimbriata, Zindl.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 354. Common on

Mt. Victoria, Mt. Nicholson, and elsewhere, Hongkong ;
Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory ; Lanfa Mt.,
Hoifung ; near Canton. FI. yellow, October.

. C. pogonoides, Rolfein Kew Bull. 1896,196. Swatow. FI.

pink, April.

14.—PHOLIDOTA.
Key to species.

Leaves linear, 4 inch broad ... «+ 1. cantonensis.
Leaves elliptical, 2 inches broad «2. chinensis,

. P. cantonensis, Rolfe in Kew Bull. 1896,196. Swatow ; North

River. Fl. lemon-coloured, November.

P. chinensis, Lindl.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 354. Common on
Victoria Peak, and elsewhere, Hongkong ; Taimoshan,
Hongkong New Territory ; slopes of the Phoenix Mt.,
Swatow. Fl. white, April.

15.—_CALANTHE.
Key to species.
. Flowers yellow... ae 68 me 2s
Flowers white or purpl ts au 3.
. Inflorescence loose ses - 1. gracilis.
Inflorescence dense a + 2. curculigoides,
. Flowers white ; leaves petioled - 3. veratrifolia.
Flowers purple ; leaves subsessile 4, Masuca.

. C. gracilis, Lindl.; Limatodes gracilis, Lindl. ; Benth. Fl.
Hongk. 359. On Victoria Peak, and Mt. Parker, Hong-
kong. Fl. yellow, December.

. C. curculigoides, al/. ; Hook. f, Fl. Brit, Ind. v. 854. Mt
Parker north, Hongkong. F'. yellow, October.

265

3. C. veratrifolia, R. Br. ; Hook. f. lc. 851. Deepwater Bay
and Mt. Nicholson, Hongkong ; Lantao Island at 2000 ft.,
Hongkong New Territory. FI. white, July.

4, C. Masuca, Lindi. ; Hook. f. 1. c. 850. Victoria Peak, Hong-
kong ; wet places in woods at 2000 ft. Kwangtung without
locality. I'l. purple, September.

16.—ARUNDINA.

1, A. chinensis, Blume; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 355. Common on
the tops of hills and near streams, Hongkong; near
streams on the hills north of Kowloon City, Hongkong
New Territory ; Macao. Fl. rose-coloured with deep
purple lip, August.

17._EULOPHIA.

Key to species.

Sepals }inch long... ee .. 1, sinensis.
Sepals 14 inches long ... sie w. 2, flava.

1, E. sinensis, Mig. in Journ. Bot. Néerl. i. 91. Fukwing near
Hongkong on the Canton River in grassy places. FI.
pale violet, Summer.

2. E. flava, Hook. f.; Cyrtopera flava, Lindl.; Benth. Fl. Hongk.
357. Hills above Repulse Bay, Hongkong; Lantao
Island, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. yellow, May.

18.—CYMBIDIUM.

1. C. ensifolium, Sw. ; Benth. 1. c. 357. On hills above Sookunpo
and Bowen Road, Hongkong ; Lantao Island at 2000 ft.,
Hongkong New Territory; Macao; Lienchow River.
Fl. yellowish with purple streaks, June.

19.—GEODORUM.

Key to species.

Peduncle decurved ; spikes not corym-
bose Fe w» 1. dilatatum.

Peduncle erect ; spikes corymbose ... 2. semicristatum,

1. G. dilatatum, 2. Br. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 17. Near the
Government Offices, on the roadside between Taitam Gap
and the reservoir, and near Sheko, Hongkong ; on the
south side of the Kowloon range of hills, Hongkong New
Territory. Fl. white or purple, July.

2. G. semicristatum, Lindl.; Tropidia grandis, Hance in Journ.
Linn. Soc. xiii. 128. In the Happy Valley woods, Hong-
kong. FI. white, July.

266

20.—DIPLOPRORA.

. D. Championi, Hook. f.; Cottonia Championi, Lindl. ; Benth.
Fl. Hongk. 357. Victoria Peak, and on rocks near
waterfall, Happy Valley woods, Hongkong ; Ngchungshan,
near Hongkong. FI. pale yellow, March.

21.-SARCOCHILUS.

. 5. hainanensis, Rolfe in Kew Bull. 1896, 199. Hongkong
without locality. Fl. light yellow, August.

22.—ACAMPE.

. A. multiflora, Zindl.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 358. Common on
rocks in ravines, Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong
New Territory. FI. yellow with red dots, August.

23.—-SARCANTHUS.
Key to species.

. Leaves flat, more than } inch broad ... 2.
Leaves terete, less than ;),; inch broad 3.
. Leaves emarginate 1. cerinus.
Leaves acuminate des 2. Fordii.
3. Spur of lip 1 line long... 3. hongkongensis.
Spur of lip 24 lines long 4, teretifolius,

. S. cerinus, Rolfe; Cleisostoma cerinum, Hance in Journ. Bot.
1882, 359. Lofoushan. FI. z

. 8. Fordii, Rolfe; Cleisostoma Fordii, Hance 1. c. 1876, 45.
Taitam Tuk, Hongkong. FI. rosy purple, July.

. 8. hongkongensis, Rolfe in Kew Bull. 1898, 198. Hongkong
without locality. FI. pale lilac with bright purple lip, —.

. 8. teretifolius, Lindl.; Bot. Mag. t. 3571. On Victoria Peak,
Hongkong ; Maénshan, Hongkong New Territory. Fi.
purple, October.

24.—CLEISOSTOMA.

. C. virginale, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1877, 38. Wongneichong,
Hongkong; on the bank of the Han River, Swatow.
Fl. greenish purple, August.

25.-ORNITHOCHILUS.

. 0. fuscus, Wall.; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 76. Lofoushan.
FI. yellow, June.

26.—APPENDICULA.

. A. bifaria, Lindl. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 358. Mt. Parker, and
Mt. Gough, Hongkong; Majnshan, Hongkong New
Territory ; Swatow. Fl. white, October.

267

27.—THELASIS.
. T. hongkongensis, Rolfe in Kew Bull. 1896, 199. Near Cape
d’Aguilar, Hongkong. Fl. ——, August.
28.—TROPIDIA.

. T. hongkongensis, Rolfe; TL. curculigoides, Benth. FI. Hongk.
359. In the Happy Valley woods, Causeway Bay, Mt.
Parker, and Little Hongkong, Hongkong. Fl. greenish
white, August,

29.-SPIRANTHES.

. 8 australis, Zindi.; Benth. 1. c. 360. Common in marshy
places, Hongkong ; stream near Chaochautu. FI. white
tinged with pink, April.

30.—PHYSURUS.

. P. chinensis, Rolfe in Kew Bull. 1896, 200. Lienchow River.
Fl. white? August.

31.—ANOECTOCHILUS.

. A. Roxburghii, Zindl.; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 95. West
River ; Lofoushan. FI. white.

32.—VRYDAGZYNIA.
. V. nuda, Blume, Coll. Orch. Archip. Ind. 74. Mt. Parker,
Hongkong. Fl. yellow, ——.
33.—ZEUXINE.

. Z. suleata, Lindl.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 360. Victoria Peak,
Glenealy and Hast Point in damp places, Hongkong ; on
a grassy bank at Helen’s Point, Hebe Haven, Hongkong
New Territory ; Swatow. FI. ‘white, March.

34.—CHEIROSTYLIS.
. C. flabellata, Wight ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 105. Mt.
Parker, Hongkong. Fl. white, March.
85.—HAEMARIA.

. H. discolor, Lindl.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 361. On rocks in
ravines of the "Happy Valley and Mt. Victoria, Hong-
kong ; Kwangtung without locality. Fl. white, April.

36.—GOODYERA.
Key to species of Goodyera (No. 36) and Hetaeria (No. 37).

1. Sepals 1-14 lines long .. sid se 2.
Sepals 4-7 lines long ... sie a 3.

Li)

268

. Leaves 2 inches long ... eae .. AL. cristata.
Leaves 4-6 inches long (with petiole) G. procera.
. Leaves linch long... ve we G, Schlechtend-
aliana,
Leaves 3-7 inches long . nee 4

. Leaves 3 inches long ; spikes i. an “A foliosa.

Leaves 5-7 inches long; spike dense... G. nebularum.

. G. procera, Hook.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 360. In damp places in

the Happy Valley woods, and near Shaukiwan, Hongkong;
Lantao Island and Kanghau, Hongkong New Territory ;
stream near Chaochaufu ; Macao. FI. white, April.

. G. Schlechtendaliana, Reichb. 7. ; G. secundiflora, Griff. ; Hook.

f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 113. Swatow. Fl. white, August.

. G. foliosa, Benth.; Hook. f.1.c.113. Lofoushan. FI. white,

September.

G. nebularum, Rolfe; Cystorchis nebularum, Hance in Journ.
Bot. 1883, 232. On the top of the Lofoushan Mts. FI.
September.

37.—_HETAERIA.

. H. cristata, Blume, Coll. Orch. Archip. Ind. 103. Near

Sheko, Hongkong; Kwangtung without locality. FI.
white, August.

38.—CRYPTOSTYLIS.

. C. Arachnites, Blume; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 118. In the

ravine behind Taihang village, Hongkong. FI. pink and
green, March.

39.—POGONIA.
Key to species.

. Leaves lanceolate ioe ae «1. ophzoglossoides.
Leaves cordate or reniform iat 2.

. Leaves cordate... re re .. 2. Fordi.
Leaves reniform re a -» 3. pulchella.

. P. ophioglossoides, Ker in Bot. Reg. ii. t. 148. Lofoushan at

2500 ft. Fl. pink, May.

. P. Fordii, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1885, 247. Lofoushan. FI.

green with purple streaks, May.

. P. pulehella, Hook. f. in Bot. Mag. t. 6851. Little Hongkong

and Taitam Tuk, Hongkong. FI. yellow and pink, May.

40..PERISTYLUS.
Key to species.

. Leaves all radical or nearly so ve L. chloranthus.

Leaves all cauline oie 2.

. Leaves ovate or lanceolate, under

2incheslong _... oe vee 2, Sampsoni.
Leaves elliptic, 3-5 inches long «» 3. goodyeroides.

a

nw

oo

10.

11.

. P. chloranthus, Lindi. ;

. P. Sampsoni, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1868, 371.

. P. goodyeroides, Lindi. ;

269

Habenaria lacertifera, Benth, FI.
Hongk. 362. Common on damp banks, Hongkong. FI.
light green, August.

On a grassy
F1. white, May.
Habenaria goodyeroides, D. Don;
Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi, 161. Hongkong without
locality ; Lienchow River. Fl. yellowish-green, July.

bank on the White Cloud hills, Canton.

41.—PLATANTHERA.

. P. obcordata, Lindi. ;

. P. stenostachya, Lindi. ;

Key to species of Platanthera and Habenaria (No. 42).

. Spur of lip shorter than the ovary or 0

Spur of lip as long as the oe or longer

. Spur of lip none

Spur of lip shorter than the ovary

. Labellum 5 lines long ..

Labellum 2 lines long ..

. Spur of lip as long as the ovary

Spur of lip longer than the ovary

. Lateral lobes of lip fringed

Lateral lobes of lip entire

. Spur 14-2 inches long, clavate

Spur 3-4 inches long, linear ...

. Spur of lip 24-32 inches long ; flowers

white
Spur of lip under 24 inches long

. Spur of lip 14-14 inches long, linear ;

flowers orange-red
Spur of lip under 1} inches long

. Spur of lip 1 inch iene) clavate

Spur of lip under 1 inch loug...

Spur of lip 4 inch long, clavate, tip blunt
Spur of lip 4 inch long, linear, tip acute
Spike oval, dense, 2 inches long

Spike cylindric, lax, 6-12 inches long

363.
variegated with lilac, June.

362. Victoria Peak, Hongkong ;

2.
4,
1. A. reniformis.
3.
P. obcordata.
P. stenostachya.
P. interrupta.
55
6.
7.
2. H. Miersiana,
P. Susannae.

3. Hi. Fordit.
8.

4. H. rhodocheila.
9.

5. H. acuifera,
10.

6. H. leptoloba

P.mandarinorum.

7. H. endothriz,

8. H. ciliolaris.

Habenaria Galeandra, Benth. Fl. Hongk.
Victoria Peak, and Cape d’Aguilar, Hongkong ;
Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory.

Habenaria stenostachya, Benth. 1. c.
Lantao Island, Hong-

kong New Territory, Fi. ereenish, June.

F}. white

. P. interrupta, Maxim. in Bull. Acad. Sc. St. Peterb. xxxi. 106.

Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory ; river banknear
Chaochautu. FI. green, May.

P. Susannae, Lindl. ; Habenaria Susannae, R. Br.; Benth. 1. ¢.
363. On the top of Mt. Victoria and Mt. Parker, Hong-
kong; Fookwing, Canton River near Hongkong. Fl.
white, July.

P. mandarinorum, Reichb. ; P. orcades, Franch. et Savat. Enum.
Pl. Jap. ii. 514, Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory.
FL yellow, March,

“I

270
42.-HABENARIA.
For key to species see Platanthera (No. 41).

. H. reniformis, Hook. f.; Aopla reniformis, Lindl. ; Benth. Fl.

Hongk. 363. Mt. Gough south, Hongkong ; Chinglamshe,
Hongkong New Territory; White Cloud hills, near
Canton. FI. green, July.

. H. Miersiana, Champ.; Benth. 1. c. 363. Happy Valley,

Victoria Peak and Mt. Parker, Hongkong ; Saikung road,
Hongkong New Territory; White Cloud hills near
Canton; Macao; Lienchow River. FI. white, September.

. H. Fordii, Rolfe in Kew Bull. 1896, 202. Kwangtung

without locality. FI. white, ——.

H. rhodocheila, Hance in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 5. v. 243. Little
Hongkong, Hongkong ; Hoifung ; North River on rocks ;
Lofoushan. Fl. orange-red, August.

H. acuifera, Lindl. ; H. linguella, Lindl. ; Benth. 1.c. 362. On
Mt. Victoria, and elsewhere, Hongkong; Fautimum,’
Hongkong New Territory ; Lofoushan. FI. yellow, July.

. H. leptoloba, Benth. 1. c. 362. Little Hongkong, Hongkong ;

Chunghingka on the West River. Fl. yellow, August.
H. endothrix, Mig. Journ. Bot. Néerl. i, 92. Hoan, near
Hongkong, 15 miles north of Mirs Bay. Fl. :
H. ciliolaris, Aranzl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 169. In Little
Hongkong woods, Hongkong. FI. green, August.

43.—GLOSSULA.

. G. tentaculata, Lindl. ; Glossaspis tentaculata, Spreng.; Benth.

Fl. Hongk. 361. Taitam Tuk, Bowen Road, and common
in moist situations, Hongkong; hills east of Kowloon
City, Hongkong New Territory ; Canton; Ngchungshan
neat Hongkong ; Lienchow River; Maisaou: Lofoushan.
Fl. green, November.

44.—PAPHIOPEDILUM.

. P. purpuratum, Pfitz. ; Cupripedium purpuratum, Lindl. ; Benth.

Fl. Hongk. 364. Ravines in the Happy Valley, above
Little Hongkong, Mt. Cameron, Mt. Nicholson, and Mt.
Parker, Hongkong ; Maénshan, Hongkong New Territory ;
Ngchungshan, near Hongkong. FI. white and purple,

December.
SCITAMINEAE.
Key to genera.
. Leaves radical ... ous ees aa 2.
Leaves cauline ... r 6

. Leaves sheathing, forming athick stem 8, Jfusa.

Leaves not forming a thick stem... 3.

271

Leaves 6 inches long or more.

1.—KAEMPFERIA.

Key to species.

3. Inflorescence from the side of the
petiole 6. Phrynium.
Inflorescence not from the side of the
petiole 4,
4, Flowers appearing before the leaves .. 2. Curcuma,
Flowers not appearing before the leaves 5.
5. Leaves suborbicular, subsessile . 1. Kaempferia,
Leaves elliptic-lanceolate, petiolate .... 5. Alpinia.
6. Inflorescence radical ‘ 3. Zingiber.
Inflorescence cauline 7.
7. Leaves 3 or 4 inches long 1

. Kaempferia.
8

Costus.

. Lip suborbicular, 2-3 inches across ... 4.
Lip not suborbicular, less than 2 inches
ACTOSS 9.
. Three staminodes petaloid, equal and
linear 7. Canna.
One staminode formed into a ‘lip, two
others much smaller .. 5, Alpinia.

1. coenobialis,
2. Galanga.

Leaves cauline ...
Leaves radical .

. K. coenobialis, C. H. Wright ; Monolophus coenobialis, Hance in

Journ. Bot. 1870, 75. North River. Fl. yellow, August.

. K. Galanga, Linn. ; Hook £. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 219. Whampoa,

near Canton. FI. white and lilac, ——.

2.—CURCUMA.

1. C. pallida, Zour. FI. Cochinch, 9. Canton. Fl. whitish
yellow, ——.
3.—ZINGIBER.
Key to species.
1. Spike sessile or nearly so... san 2.
Spike not sessile a 2% re 3.
2. Leaves glabrous on both sides ww. 1. striolatum.
Leaves pubescent on under side 2. confine.
3. Flowers in a slender, lax spike 3. integrilabrum.
Flowers in a dense, stout spike xe 4,
4, Leaves 1 inch wide , 4. officinale.
Leaves 2-4 inches wide .. 5, Zerumbet.
1, Z. striolatum, Diels in Engl. Jahrb. xxix. 262. North River.

2. Z. confine, Miq.

Fl. whitish, November.

Journ. Bot, Néerl. i. 94. Cult. near Fookwing,
Canton River near Hongkong; Kwangtung without
locality. Fi. ae December, — -

272

3. Z. integrilabrum, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1882, 80. On the
ledge of a rock on Mt. Gough, Hongkong. FI. ——,
April to October. .

. Z. officinale, Rosc.; Baker in Hook. f£. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 246.
Lienchow River; widely cultivated in Kwangtung. FI,
green and purple, October. ;

. Z. Zerumbet, Rosc. ; Baker in Hook. f. 1. c. 247. Taitam Tuk,
and Deepwater Bay. Hongkong ; Tingushan on the West
River. Fl. white, with pale yellow lip, July.

4.—COSTUS.

. C. speciosus, Sm.; Baker in Hook. f. 1. c. 249. North River,
F\. white, August.

5.—ALPINIA.
Key to species.
. Leaves radical ... i oe w= Le pumila,
Leaves cauline ... i or ‘ig 2.
. Flower bud enclosed in a large mem-
branous bracteole ... ne sie hs
Flower bud not enclosed in a large
membranous bracteole_... at 3.
. Flowers more than 1 inch long ate 4,
Flowers less than 1 inch long sits 5.
. Lip full 1 inch long, base not spurred 3. oxyphylla.
Lip more than 1 inch long, basespurred 4. calcarata.
. Bracts scarious and persistent 5. stachyodes,
Bracts not scarious and persistent 6.

. Flowers nearly 1 inch long... ae 8.
Flowers 8 lines long . chinensis.

. Leaf margin densely downy . nutans.
Leaves quite glabrous ... . formosana,
. Flowers in a panicle . Galanga.
Flowers in a raceme . japonica,

. A. pumila, Hook. f. Bot. Mag. t. 6832. Lofoushan. FI. pink,
April,

. A. antag, Rose. ; Benth, Fl. Hongk. 348. In ravines of Mt.
Victoria, Mt. Gough, Sheko, and elsewhere, Hongkong ;
Lamtsun, Hongkong New Territory ; Liu-ng, Swatow.
FI, whitish pink with a yellow and crimson lip, April.

. A. oxyphylla, J/g. in Journ. Bot. Néerl. i. 93. Hoan, Fl.—
. A. calearata, Rosc.; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 254.
Hongkong without locality. Fl. greenish white with lip
spotted and striped with yellow, May.

. A. stachyodes, Hance in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiii. 126. In the
Happy Valley woods, and Mt. Gough, Hongkong. Fi.
whitish, May.

. A. Galanga, /Villd. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 348. Victoria Peak,
and Deepwater Bay, Hongkong; White Cloud hills,
Canton, Fl, white with purple lip, June,

ODoanwn

wee

7. A. chinensis, Rosc.; Benth. 1. c. 349, Mt. Victoria, and the
Happy Valley woods, Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hong-
kong New Territory. FJ. white with purple lip, May.

8. A. formosana, K. Schum. in Eng]. Pflanzenr. Zingib. 340. At
Little Hongkong, Hongkong. FI. whitish pink with a
yellow and crimson lip, May.

9. A. japonica, Mig. ; K. Schum, |. c. 320. Top of the Phoenix
Mt., Swatow. Fl. white, April.

6.—PHRYNIUM.
Key to species.

Corolla segments longer than the tube 1. capitatum.
Corolla segments shorter than the tube 2. parviflorum.

1. P. capitatum, Willd. ; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 258,
Near Chaochaufu; Fookwing near Hongkong, on the
Canton River ; West River. FJ. purple, April.

2. P. parviflorum, Roxd.; Baker in Hook. f.1.c. 259. Lofoushan ;
West River. Fl. yellow with a red lip, May.

7.—CANNA.

1, C. indica, Zinn. ; Benth. F]. Hongk. 349. Near streams and
in waste places, Hongkong. Fl. red or yellow, summer.

8.—MUSA.

1. M. sapientum, Zinn.; Baker in Hook. f. FI. Brit. Ind. vi. 262.
Mt. Parker, and Mt. Gough, Hongkong. F. yellow, —.

HAEMODORACEAE,
Key to genera.
1. Leaves on long petioles, Janceolate ... 1. Peliosanthes.
Leaves linear, grass-like but stiff ... 2:
2. Ovary superior ... ‘ae ss . 2, Liriope.
Ovary inferior ... ss ar . 8, Ophiopogon.

1.—PELIOSANTHES.

1. P. macrostegia, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1885, 328. Near Chao-
chaufu; Lofoushan. FI. white, April.

2.—LIRIOPE.

1. L. spicata, Lour. ; Ophiopogon spicatus, Ker; Benth. Fl. Hongk.
371. Very common on shady banks, Hongkong ; Lantao
Island, Hongkong New Territory ; Macao. FI. blue, July.

21516 S

2.

—

274

3.—OPHIOPOGON.

0. japonicus, Ker ; O. Wallichianus, Hook £. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi.
268. Little Hongkong woods, Mt. Nicholson, and Mt,
Parker, Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hongkong New
Territorp ; Canton; Sanning. FI. white, June.

IRIDACEAE,
Key to genera.

Perianth more than 1 inch long we OL, Lris.
Perianth less than 1 inch long .. 2 Belameanda.
1.—IRIS.

Key to species.
Leaves less than 4-inch wide ... .. 1, speculatrix,
Leaves nearly l inch wide... v2. japonica,

. L speculatrix, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1875, 196. Rocky slopes

High West, between Victoria Peak and Mt. Davis, on
the rough grassy hill above “ Kenlis,” Mt. Kellet, and on
Violet hill, Taitam, Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong
New Territory ; Canton; Lienchow. FI. blue, April.

. I. japonica, Thunbd.; Baker in Gard. Chron. 1876, ii. 37.

Bamboo groves on the banks of the Han River, Swatow ;
Canton. Fl. white, February.

2.—BELAMCANDA.

. B. punctata, Moench ; Pardanthus chinensis, Ker; Benth. Fl.

Hongk. 365. Sea shore Chaiwan, Hongkong. FI.
orange-coloured, spotted with crimson, June.

AMARYLLIDACEAE.
Key to genera.
. Flowers racemose or spicate ... oe 2.
Flowers umbellate —... 3.

Ovary not produced above the crown

into a stipes a ae ww Ll. Hypoxis.
Ovary produced into a long or short
stipes above the crown... we = 2. Curculigo.
» Filaments of stamens united by a
membrane ... sie aes w= 5, Pancratinm.
Filaments of stamens free... aes 4,
. Perianth tube less than Linch long ... 4. Lycoris.

Perianth tube more than 2 inches long = 3. Crinum.

1.—HYPOXIS.

H. aurea, Four, ; Hook. £. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 277. Summit of
the White Cloud hills, Canton, FI. yellow, March.

275
2.—CURCULIGO.

Key to species.

Leaves from }-inch to 1 inch wide ... 1. orchioides.
Leaves from 14 inches to 5inches wide 2. recurvata.

1, C. orchioides, Gaertn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 366. On Mt. Gough,
Mt. Victoria, and other hills, Hongkong; Canton ;
Lofoushan. FI. yellow, June.

2. C. recurvata, Dryander ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 278. On
the north side of Mt. Parker, Hongkong; Lantao Island,
Hongkong New Territory ; Canton; Lienchow River ;
Lofoushan. FI, yellow, August.

3.—CRINUM.

Key to species.

Perianth segments linear es we 1, astaticum.
Perianth segments oblong lanceolate... 2. latifolium,

1, C. asiaticum, Zinn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 366. Chaiwan,
Sheko and Cape d’Aguilar, Hongkong; Lantao Island,
and the eastern bank of the Samchun River, Hongkong
New Territory. Fl. white, June.

2. C. latifolium, Zinn. ; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. FL. Brit. Ind. vi.
283, Hillside near Waterfall Bay, Hongkong. FI. white
tinged with purple, June.

4.—LYOCORIS.

1. L. aurea, Herb. ; Baker Handb. Amaryll. 40. Hills above
Repulse Bay, near Sheko, and at Hoktsuiwan, Hongkong ;
Pengchau Island, Mirs Bay, abundant on Kowloon Peak,
Hongkong New Territory. FI. pale orange, October.

5.—_PANCRATIUM.

1. P. biflorum, Roxd.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 367. Hongkong
without locality. Fl. white, June.

TACCACEAE.
1.—SCHIZOCAPSA.
1. 8. plantaginea, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1881, 292. Very common

on the banks of the Lienchow River; North River. FI.
yellowish green, August.

21515 $2

Qu

1.

2.

276

DIOSCOREACEAE.

1.—DIOSCOREA.
Key to species.

‘1. Plants armed with spines aie ... 1. rhipogonoides.
Plants unarmed a6 ;
Leaves alternate es ae a 3.
Leaves opposite aes oe bea 4,
Capsule lobes 3 lines bruad_... w= 2, sativa.
Capsule lobes more than 3 lines broad 3. bulbifera.
Leaves 3—4 inches long, 2-3 inches broad 5.
Leaves under 3 inches long and under
2 inches broad. i os 6.

. Leaves ovate, hastate ... . 4, persimilis.
Leaves cordate... os me? .. od, Batatas.

. Leaves sagittate or hastate at the base 6. Fordi.
Leaves rounded at the base 7. Benthamii.

. D. rhipogonoides, Oliver in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1868. Wongnei-

chong, and on hills above the Sookunpo valley, Hong-
kong ; top of the Phoenix Mt., Swatow. Fl. white, April
to May.

. D. sativa, Zinn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 368. Aberdeen New

Road, and Mt. Victoria, Hongkong; Saikung Road,
Hongkong New Territory; Lofoushan. Fl. white, August.
D. bulbifera, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 1033. Kwangtung without
locality. Fl. :
D. persimilis, Prain et Burkill in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. n.s. il.
454. Hongkong New Territory without locality ;
Lofoushan. FI. , August.

. D. Batatas, Decne.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 368. Conduit Road,

Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory ;
Canton ; Lienchow River. FI. » September.

. D. Fordii, Prain et Burkill. c. 450. Mt. Victoria, Mt. Gough,

and North Point, Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hongkong
New Territory. Fl. , September.

. D. Benthamii, Prain et Burkill 1. c. 448. Mt. Parker north,

Happy Valley, Little Hongkong, and Taitam, Hong-
kong; Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory. Fl.
white, June.

ROXBURGHIACEAE.
1—STEMONA.
Key to species.
Peduncles 1-flowered ... bse we 1. aeuta.
Peduncles 3-flowered ... .. 2, tuberosa.

8. acuta, C. H. Wright in Journ. Linn. Soc, xxxii. 493.
Lienchow River. FI. greenish, May.

8. tuberosa, ZLouwr.; Hook. f£. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 298. Mt.
Parker north, Hongkong. FI. greenish, January ?

. H. Gaudichaudiana, Maxim. ;

2t7

LILIACEAE.

Key to genera.

. Stems climbing...

Stems not climbing or none

Leaves linear, not more than 2 lines
broad ‘

Leaves not linear and 1 more than 2 lines
broad es re

Perianth segments 6; stamens 6

Perianth segments 3; stamens 3

. Stems none or rhizorad-like

Stem erect; leaves cauline

. Peduncles dc flowered ...

Peduncles more than 1-fowerad

. Perianth 3 inches long or more

Perianth less than 1 inch long

. Leaves long-petiolate, cordate or ovate

Leaves not petiolate, linear ...

. Inflorescence umbellate

Inflorescence not umbellate

. Leaves linear, 6-8 inches long, stiff .

Leaves linear more than 1 foot long,
flaccid

. Inflorescence paniculate

Inflorescence not paniculate

. Inflorescence dense, stout

Inflorescence lax, slender

. Scape 1 foot long

Scape 3-4 inches long ..

. Stems perennial, hard or - woody

Stems annual, soft

. Stems short; ‘leaves linear, 1 foot long

Stems long; leaves lanceolate, more
than 1 foot long

. Stems branched

Stems simple

. Flowers terminal ais 8

Flowers axillary

. Perianth 5-6 inches long

Perianth 2 inches long or less..

. Leaves, at least at the upper ones,

opposite
Leaves alternate

. Perianth with a corona

Perianth without a corona

2.
4,
3. Asparagus.
3.
2. Smilax.
l. Heterosmilaz.
5.
13.
7. Aspidistra,
6.
7.
8.
9. Funkia.
8. Hemerocallis.
9,
10.
12, Thysanotus.
14, Allium.
20. Veratrum.
11.
12,
11. Chlorophytum.
15. Scilla.
6. Reineckia.
14,
15.
13. Dianella,
10. Cordyline.
18. Disporum.,
16.
17.
18.
16, Lilium.
19. Paris.
17. Fritillaria.
19.
5. Disporopsis.
4, Polygonatum.

1.—HETEROSMILAS.

Smilax Gaudichaudiana, Kunth ;

Benth. Fl. Hongk. 370. Deepwater Bay, Hongkong.

Fl. white, July.

278
2.—SMILAX.

. Filaments longer than the anthers
Filaments shorter than the anthers

a)

a,

2. Leaves 2 inches long ... oF wee Le Che
Leaves over 3 inches long 3.

3. Leaves lanceolate, 3-4 inches long 4,
Leaves nearly orbicular or cordate, 5-8

inches long... ate iss .. 2, ovalifolia,

+. Base of the petiole sheathing ... 3. riparia.
Base of the petiole not sheathing 4. lancaefolia,

5. Leaves thin, papery ... oe ... 5. herbacea.
Leaves coriaceous or subcoriaceous... 6.

6. Leaves acuminate ey fas .. 6. glabra.
Leaves acute, not acuminate ... 7. hypoglauca.

1. T. China, Zinn. ; Benth. F). Hongk. 370. Common in ravines,
Hongkong ; in the Kanghau Valley, and Kowloon, Hong-
kong New Territory ; White Cloud hills, Canton ; Macao ;
Lienchow River. FI. greenish, March.

2, §. ovalifolia, Roxb. ; Benth. 1.¢. 370. Mt. Gough, Hongkong ;
Lienchow River. FI]. greenish yellow, April.

3. &. riparia, 4. DC. Monogr. Phan. i. 55. Canton, Fl.——.

4. 8. lancaefolia, Seem.; Benth. 1. c. 370. Common in ravines,
Hongkong ; Swatow district; Kwaisin, Hoifung. FI.
yellowish-green, September.

5. 8. herbasea, Linz. Sp. Pl. 1030. Lienchow River. Fl.-—, April.

6. S. glabra, Roxb. ; Benth. 1.c. 369. Victoria Peak, Hongkong ;

2

i

Lantao Island, Tin-tso-ngam, and Kanghau, Hongkong
avew Territory ; slopes of the Phoenix Mt., and hills near
Chaochaufu ; Canton. FI. green, Apvil.

. 8. hypoglauca, Benth. l.c.369. Happy Valley woods, and Mt.
Kellet, Hongkong. Fl. ——, August.

38.—ASPARAGUS.
Key to species.

Flowers polygamous... ae we 1. luctdus.
Flowers hermaphrodite — vee 2. stnicus,

. A. lucidus, Zindl.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 371. Very common in
Se ae 3 stream near Chaochaufu ; Macao. FI. white,
May.

. A. sinicus, C. HW. Wright ; Asparagopsis sinica, Mig. in Journ,
Bot. Néerl. i. 90. Hongkong without precise locality.
Fl, white, Autumn.

4.—POLYGONATUM.

. P. multiflorum, Aldon? : Baker in Journ. Linn, Sov. xiv. 355.
Top of the Phoenix Mt., and near Chaochaufu. FJ. white,
April.

279

5.—DISPOROPSIS.
1. D. fusco-picta, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1883, 278. Lofoushan at
3100 ft. Fl. purplish, September.
6.—REINECKIA.

1. RB. carnea, Kunth; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. 551.
Cultivated in Hongkong and Canton. FI. purple outside,
whitish inside, October and November.

7.—ASPIDISTRA.
Key to species.

1.. Leaves 3 inches broad, or more oe 2.
Leaves under 3 inches broad ... we 3.

2. Flowers on very short peduncles 1. lurida.
Peduncles nearly 2 inches long 2. elatior.

3. Perianth 4 inch long or more ... 3. punctata,
Perianth less than 4 inch long 4. minutiflora.

1. A. lurida, Ker-Gawl.; Bot. Mag. t. 2499. Wongneichong,
and Mt, Parker, Hongkong. IF. purple, December.

. A. elatior, Blume ; A. punctata, var. albomaculata, Hook. ; Bot.
Mag. t. 5386. Mt. Parker, Hongkong. FI. purple,
December.

3. A. punctata, Lindi. in Bot. Reg. t. 977. Wongneichong Gap,
Victoria Peak, Happy Valley woods and elsewhere,
Hongkong. Fl. purple, February.

4, A. minutiflora, Stapfin Hemsl. Enum. Pl. China, iit. 113. In
the Happy Valley woods, Hongkong; Lantao Island,
Hongkong New Territory. FI. greenish purple, October.

bo

8.—HEMEROCALLIS.

1, H. fulva, Linn. ; Hook. f. Fl, Brit. Ind. vi, 326. Hongkong
without locality ; streams on the Phoenix Mt., Swatow ;
White Cloud hills, Canton. FI. orange-coloured, June.

9.—FUNKIA.

1. F. subcordata, Spreng.; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xi. 367.
Fookwing on the Canton River, near Hongkong. FI.
white, August.

10.—CORDYLINE.

1. C. terminalis, MKeunth; Hook. f FI. Brit. Ind. vi. 331.
Saikeung (Suheang), Canton River, near Hongkong. Fl.
white or purplish.

11.—_CHLOROPHYTUM.

1. C. laxum, R. Br. ; Anthericum parviflorum, Benth, Fl, Hongk.
373. In lawns in Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong
New Territory ; Pakhoi. Fl. white, July.

we

. Perianth 5-6 lines long

280

12.—THYSANOTUS.

. T. chinensis, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 372. Ona dry hill at Little

Hongkong, Hongkong ; between Fanling and Santin, and
at Lowu, Hongkong New Territory; Lanta Mt., Hoifung ;
Canton. FI. blue, October.

13.—_DIANELLA.

. D. nemorosa, Lam.; D. ensifolia, Red.; Benth. 1. ec. 372.

Common in grassy places on hillsides, Hongkong ; Lantao
Island, Hongkong New Territory; Hoitung; Macao;
Pakhoi. FI. blue, April.

14.—ALLIUM.

. A. odorum, Zinn. ; Hook. £. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 343. On slopes

behind cultivated ground at the Happy Valley, Hongkong;
Lienchow River. FI. white, June.

15.—_SCILLA.

ae chinensis, Benth, Fl. Hongk. 373. Victoria Peak, and

Stanley, Hongkong: Lappa Island; Lienchow River.
Fl. purple, August.

16.—LILIUM.
Key to species.
Perianth white ; pollen yellow we 1. longiflorum.
Perianth white marked with purple on
exterior ; pollen red es we = 2. Brownz.

. L. longiflorum, Thund.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 374. Hongkong

without locality ; Lofoushan. Fl. white, June to August.

. L. Brownii, F. E. Br.; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soe. xiv. 230,

Common on the hills amongst grass, Hongkong ; Lantao
Island, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. white with bronzy
purple markings on the outside, June.

17.—FRITILLARIA.

. F. cantoniensis, Lour.; Fl. Cochinch. 255. Cultivated at

Canton. Fl. dark purple, ——.

18.—DISPORUM.
Key to species.

1. Leschenaultianum.

Perianth more than 9 lines long oe 2,

. Perianth segments obtuse, 4-5 lines

broad ea Sis iw we 2. sessile,
Perianth segments acute, 14-3 lines
broad aoe ie sie w= 3, pullum.

nN

281

. D. Leschenaultianum, D. Don?; Hance in Journ. Bot. 1887,
13. Lofoushan. Fl. white, May.

. D. sessile, D. Don; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. 589.
Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. white, March.

. D, pullum, Salisb. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 360. Whampoa,
cultivated ; Lienchow River. Fl. greenish-purple, April.

19.—PARIS.

. P. polyphylla, Sm.; Hook. f£. 1. c. vi. 362. Lantao Island on
rocks at 1500 ft., Hongkong New Territory ; top of the
Phoenix Mt., Swatow; Lofoushan, FI. greenish-yellow,
February.

20.—VERATRUM.

. V. nigrum, Linn. ; Baker in Journ, Linn. Soc, xvii. 472. Mt.
Parker north, Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong New
Territory. Fl. dark purple, August.

PONTEDERIACEAE.

Key to genera.
Plant floating, with inflated petioles... 1. Eichornia.
Plant not floating sie sin .. 2, Monochoria.
1.—EICHORNIA..

. E. speciosa, Kunth ; E. crassipes, Solms in DC. Monogr. Phan,
iv. 527, Cultivated in Hongkong and Canton ; Swatow ;
abundant in ditches about Macao. Fl. pale blue, Summer.

2.—MONOCHORIA.
Key to species.

. Leaves hastate ... nay He vl, hastaefolia,
Leaves cordate or ovate 2.

. Leaves cordate... ee ae cia 3.
Leaves ovate ... ee ae vw. 2. vaginalis.

. Leaves 3-4 inches across ine vw» 38, ovata,
Leaves 2 inches across see w.— -2, vaginalis.

. M. hastaefolia, Pres’ ; Hook. f. FI. Brit. Ind. vi. 362. Hong-

kong New Territory without locality; Hoifung; Whampoa;
Fatshan; Northwest River; Lofoushan. F], blue, September.
. M. vaginalis, Presi; Benth, Fl. Hongk. 374. Common in
swamps, Hongkong; Hoifung; Szetseshan, Sanning.
F1. blue, June to September.
. M. ovata, Kunth, Enum. Pl. iv. 665. Canton. Fl, ——.

282
PHILYDRACEAE.

1.—PHILYDRUM.

1. P. lanuginosum, Banks ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 380. In marshes
at Chaiwan, Happy Valley, Victoria Peak and elsewhere,
Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory ;

Canton; Pakhoi. FI. yellow, June.
XYRIDACHAE.
1.—XYRIS.
Key to species.
1, Leaves 4-2 inch broad oe 2.
Leaves not more than ? inch broad “is 3.
2, Leaves +-3 inch broad; heads spherical 1. indica.
Leaves 2 inch broad; heads ovoid - 2. aneeps.
3. Leaves $ inch broad; keel of bracteoles
not toothed.. 3. pauciflora.
Leaves 7, inch broad; keel of bracteoles
toothed 4. bancana.
1. X. indica, Zinn. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit, Ind. vi. 364. In a swamp

No

Or

. X. anceps, Lam. ;

. X. pauciflora, /Villd, ;

near Fanling,
October.
Hook. 1. c. 364.
yellow, September.

Hongkong New Territory.

Benth. Fl. Hongk. :

Fl. yellow,

Kwaisin, Hoifung. FI.

379. Sheko, and

Happy Valley, ‘Hongkong ; 3; near F ailing, Sheungshui
and Taipo Road, Hongkong New Territory; Pakhoi.
Fl, yellow, October.

4, X. bancana, 7). ; X schoenoides, Benth. 1. c. 379. Hongkong
without locality ; Tailamchung, Hongkong New Territory.
FI. yellow, July.

COMMELINACEAE.
Key to genera,

1, Fruit indehiscent 6. Pollia,
Fruit dehiscent... ‘ 2,

2, Three perfect stamens, 1-3 staminodes 3.
Stamens 6, perfect ... 4.

3. Cymes solitary, included in a spathe ... 2. Commelina,
Cymes panicled, naked is 1. Aneilema.

4. Stems twining . 7. Streptoliron,
Stems not twining 5.

5, Inflorescence terminal . 4. Floscopa.
Inflorescence axillary . 6.

6. Leaves 14 inches broad wee OO. Furrestia.
Leaves under 1 inch broad... we 3. Cyanotis,

we

Or

283

1—ANEILEMA.
Key to species.

. Leaves under 3 lines broad... wi 2.
Leaves more than 3 lines broad os 3.

. Inflorescence a terminal panicle 1. angustifolinm.
Inflorescence in fascicles on the stem... 2. paucifolium.

. Cells of capsule 1-seeded ee w= 8. vaginatum.
Cells of capsule 2- or more seeded... 4,

. Cells of capsule 2-seeded _... aa 6.
Cells of capsule 3- or more seeded... 5.

. Flowers many in an erect scape : 4. Loureirii,
Flowers 1-3 in the axils of the leaves 5. Keisak,

. Radical leaves under 6 inches long 5. nudiflorum.
Radical leaves 1 foot long 6. sinicum.

. A. angustifolium, VW. #. Brown in Hemsl. Enum. Pl. China, iii.

151. Hongkong without locality ; Lantao Island, Hong-
kong New Territory ; Hoifung river ;. Pakhoi. FI. blue,
September.

. A.paucifolium, V. £. Brown |, ¢.153. Pakhoi. FI. blue, ——.
. A. vaginatum, A. Br.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 183. Hong-

kong without locality. Fl. blue. ——.

. A. Loureirii, Hance; Hook. f. 1. c¢. 375. Foot of the White

Cloud hills, Canton, Fi. blue, April.

. A. Keisak, Hassk.; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phan. iit.

208, Hills near Chaochaufu. FI. blue, April.

A. nudiflorum, &. Br.; Benth. FJ. Hongk. 376. Common in
marshy places on ‘Victoria Peak and elsewhere, Hong-
kong ; near Sanwai and Lowu, Hongkong New Territory ;
Tanta, Mt., Hoifung; Canton; Sanning; Lofoushan.
FI. blue; August.

. A. sinicum, Lindl. ; Hook. f. 1. ¢. 379. Lantao Island, Hong-

kong New Territory ; foot of the White Cloud hills,
Canton; West River. Fl. blue, May.

2.—COMMELINA.
Key to species.

. Capsule 3-seeded ve <8 aa 2.
Capsule 4 or 5-seeded ... See is 4,

. Capsule 3-valved te ai ‘oe 3.
Capsule 2-valved es vw. Ll, auriculata.

. Leaves 4-6 inches long » 2, obliqua.
Leaves not more than 34 inches long... 3. undulata.

. Capsule 2-celled, 4-seeded 4, communis.
Capsule 3-celled, 5 seeded 5.
Leaves ovate-obtuse 5. benghalensis.
Leaves lanceolate 6. nudiflora.

1. C. auriculata, Blume; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phan. iii.

186. Hongkong without locality ; Macao. Fl. blue,——.

NO Pw

fon)

284

bo

C. obliqua, Ham.; Hook. f. Fl Brit. Ind. vi. 372.
Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory ; Lienchow
River ; Lofoushan. FI. blue, July.

. C.undulata, R. Br. ; Hook. f.1.c. 373. Canton. FI. blue,——.

. C. communis, Zinn. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 376. North Point,

Hongkong. FI. blue, June.
. C. benghalensis, Zinn. ; Benth. 1. c. 376. Rice field borders,
Hongkong without locality ; Macao. Fl. blue, ——.

. © nudiflora, Zinn. ; C. salicifolia, Benth. 1. c. 376. On road-

sides, Hongkong; Lintin Island, Canton River, near

Hongkong ; Macao; Lappa Island; Sanning. FI. blue,

August.

3.—CYANOTIS.
Key to species. °

. Inflorescence included in leaf sheaths 1. axillaris.
Inflorescence not included in leat
sheaths nes ae sate ia 2.
. Leaves under 4 inch broad... .. 2, barbata,
Leaves ? inch broad... wt w. 3, kewensis,

. C. axillaris, Roem. et Schult.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 378. Hong-
kong without locality ; Sanning ; Pakhoi. FI. blue, August.

. C. barbata, D. Don; C. fasciculata, Benth. 1. c. 378. Pokfulam,
Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory ;
White Cloud hills, Canton. FI. blue, June—September.

. C. kewensis, C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 388,
On boulders in a damp situation on the Wongneichong-
Taitam Road, Hongkong ; Lofoushan. FI. rose-purple,
November. "8

4.—FLOSCOPA.

. F. scandens, Lour.; F. paniculata, Benth. 1. c. 377. Little
Hongkong, Hongkong ; Lantao Island, and Taimoshan,
Hongkong New Territory ; near Chaochaufu ; Macao ;
Lappa Island ; Lienchow River; Lofoushan. FI. blue,
November.

5.—FORRESTIA.
. F. chinensis, V. 2. Brown in Hemsl. Enum. Pl. China, iii. 158.
Lienchow River. FI, August—December.
6.—POLLIA.

. P. sorzogonensis, Kndl.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 377. Victoria
Peak, behind the Buddhist temple, Causeway Bay, and
Cape d’Aguilar, Hongkong ; Lofoushan. FI. white, July.

7.—STREPTOLIRION.

. 8. volubile, Edgew. ; Hook. £. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 389. Lienchow
River. Fl. white, August.

ms

—

285

JUNCACEAE.
1.—JUNCUS.
Key to species.
Cymes terminal... ses ni ix 2.
Cymes not terminal... as we L. effusus,
. Stamens 3 fis nip = .. 2 alatus,
Stamens 6 was “a ... 8, prismatocarpus.

J. effusus, Linn. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 392. Near the
White Cloud monastery, Canton. Fl. whitish, April.

. J. alatus, Franch, et Sav. Enum, Pl. Jap. ii. 534. Happy

Valley, Hongkong; river bank near Chaochaufu. Fl.
whitish, April.

. J. prismatocarpus, R. Br.; J. Leschenaultii, J. Gay ; Benth.

Fl. Hongk. 380. Ina ditch in the Happy Valley, Hong-
kong ; Pakhoi. Fl, ——, April.

PALMAE,
Key to genera.

Unarmed plants ie ine ees 2,
Plants spiny or thorny a dat 5.

Ss LKSe une awe aa wid sia 3.
Erect shrub 4—10 ft. high 6. Rhapis.

. Leaves simple ... ves 5. Trachycarpus.
Leaves compound 4,

. Leaf segments cuneate... 1. Caryota,
Leaf segments linear ... es .. 8. Cocos.

. Leaves simple ... vi 3a ce 6.
Leaves compound see iv i 7.

. Tree... das es 4, Livistona.
Shrub 2-3 ft. high ... aisis 3. Licuala,

. Stems forming thick trunk, erect 2. Phoenix.
Stem slender, erect or climbing 7. Calamus.

1.—CARYOTA.

.C. ochlandra, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1879, 176. Cultivated in

the west of Kwantung and at Canton. FI. yellow, July.

2.—PHOENIX.

. P. Hanceana, Naudin ; P. acaulis, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 340. Not

uncommon on the hillsides in sunny places, Hongkong ;
in similar positions on the hills in Hongkong New Terri-
tory ; Macao, Fl. yellow, May.

3.—LICUALA.

. L. Fordiana, Becc. Malesia, ili. 198. Mt. Parker, and by the

side of a stream near the Aberdeen New Road, Hongkong;
Lofoushan. FI. yellow, August,

—

286

4.—LIVISTONA.

. L. chinensis, J/crt, ; Hook. £. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi, 434. Cultivated
in Hongkong and Kwangtung. Fl. yellow, March.

5.—_TRACHYCARPUS.

. T. excelsus, HZ. iVendl.; Hook. f.1.¢. 436. Hills near Chao-
chaufu. FJ. yellow, April.

6.—RHAPIS.

. RB. flabelliformis, 4it.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 340. In the Happy
Valley woods, Mt. Victoria, Mt. Nicholson, and Mt.
Parker, Hongkong ; Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory;
stream near Yit-hai village, Han valley. Fl. yellow, July.

7.—CALAMUS.

Key to species.

id)

. Erect plant was sa An + 1. thysanolepis,
Climbing plant ... se és vat 2
Leaves with whip-like prolongation ... 3.
Leaves without whip-like prolongation 4,

. Leaflets more than 1 inch broad 2. latifolius.
Leaflets under 1 inch broad 3. Margaritae.

. Leaflets in fascicles 4, tetradactylus.
Leaflets not in fascicles 5. MWalkeri.

. C. thysanolepis, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1874, 265. Pokfulam,
Taitum Tuk, and Mt. Kellet, Hongkong ; hill near Chao-
chaufu. Fl. yellow, ;

. C. latifolius, Rorb.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 455. In the
Happy Valley woods, and in a ravine on the south side of
Wanchai Gap, Hongkong, FI. yellow, ——.

. O. Margaritae, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1874, 266. Happy Valley
woods, Mt. Victoria, Mt. Nicholson, Little Hongkong,
and above Taihang, Hongkong: Swatow. FI. yellow,
May.

. C. tetradactylus, Hance |. c. 1875, 289. Very common in
Hongkong; Lantao Island, and Lamma Island, Hong-
kong New Territory. Fl. yellow, March.

. C. Walkeri, Hance |. c. 1874, 266. Happy Valley, Hongkong.
FI. yellow, July.

8.—COCOS.

. C. nucifera, Zinn. ; Lour. Fl. Cochinch. 566. Cultivated in
Hongkong. Fl. yellow, ——.

N

287

PANDANACEAE.
1.—PANDANUS.

Key to species.

. Plant acaulescent ine ite we 1, urophyllus.
2.

Plant caulescent

. Leaves 3-5 ft. long; stem often

10-12 ft. high ais iy .. 2, odoratissimus,
Leaves over 5 ft. long ; stem not more
than 2ft. high ... et w 8. forceps.

. P. urophyllus, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1875, 68. Not uncommon

in shady woods, Hongkong ; Taimoshan, Hongkong New
Territory ; Swatow ; Canton?; Lienchow? Fl], ——.

. P. odoratissimus, Linn. ; P. fascicularis, Lam.; Hook. f. Fl,

Brit. Ind. vi. 485. Common along the seashore, Hong-
kong ; in similar places in the Hongkong New Territory ;
Macao. Fl. cream-coloured, July.

3. P. forceps, Martelli, Webbia, i. 363. On the bank of a stream

at the east end of the racecourse, Wongneichong, Hong-
kong ; common on low lying, sunny places near the south
face of Beacon Hill tunnel, Hongkong New Territory ;
Sanning? FI. cream-coloured, July.

ARACEAE.

Key to genera.

1. Prickly plant... we vee .. 8, Lasia.
Plant not prickly io ase an 2.
2. Plant flowering without leaves a1 5, Amorphophallus.
Plant flowering with leaves re 3.
3. Climbing plant se iG ibs 4,
Non-climbing plant... = “es 6.
4. Perianth 0 es oe ee se 5.
Perianth segments 6... id ws 11, Pothos.
5. Leaves with perforations Ms .. 10. Epipremnum.
Leaves without perforations ... .. 9. Raphidophora.
6. Floating water plant ... st . 2, Pistia,
Non-floating plant... we we ts
7. Leaves long, linear... sie <a LR. Aeorus.
Leaves not linear a ase «0 8.
8. Leaves simple ... tie a3 sh 9.
Leaves compound pe Oe a ll.
9. Petioles stout, succulent cts ane 10.
Petioles slender, not succulent 4, Typhonium,
10, Ovules numerous 6. Colocasia.
Ovules few 7. Alocasia.
11. Leaves pedatisect 1, Pinellia,
Leaves palmatisect 3. Arisaema.

288
1.—PINELLIA.
1. P. tuberifera, Zenore; Engl. in DC. Monogr. Phan. ii. 566.
Bank of the Han River, Swatow. FI. dark purple, May.
2.—PISTIA.

1. P. Stratiotes, Zinn.; Hook. f. Fl Brit. Ind. vi. 497. In
swamps at Hast Point, Hongkong; Wuting village, near
Chaochaufu; Whampoa, FI. ——.

3.—ARISAEMA.

Key to species.

1. Inflorescence scapose ... =e .. 1. eordatum,
Inflorescence not scapose Per aa 2.

2, Leaves 3-sect ... ssa dese .. 2. penicillatum,
Leaves 5-10-sect avi sf ww. 3. consanguineum.

1, A. cordatum, NV. £. Brown in Hemsl. Enum. PI. China, iii. 177.
Lantao Island and Taimoshan at 2300 ft., Hongkong
New Territory. Fl. purple, April.

2, A. penicillatum, NV. 2. Brown ; A. laminatum, Benth. Fl. Hongk.
342. Victoria Peak, Hongkong. Fl. green and white, May.

3. A. consanguineum, Schott; Hook. f. FJ. Brit. Ind. vi: 505.
Lantao Island at 2000-3000 ft. FI. greenish white, April.

4.—TYPHONIUM.

1, T. divaricatum Deene.; Arum divaricatum, Linn, ; Benth. FI.
Hongk. 342. In the Botanic Gardens in damp, shady
places, Pokfulam, and elsewhere, Hongkong; Tingushan
on the West River. FJ. deep purple, May.

5.—_AMORPHOPHALLUS.

Key to species.

Spadix longer than the spathe ws 1. variabilis,
Spadix shorter than the spathe ora Be era?
1. A. variabilis, Blume ; Benth. 1. c. 343. South of Sheko Gap,
Hongkong; Lantao Island, and Taimoshan, Hongkong
New Territory. Fl. greenish purple, April.
2, A. Dunnii, Zutcher in Journ. Bot. 1911, 273. Mt. Parker
south, Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong New
Territory. Fl. purple and green, March.

6.—COLOCASIA.

1, C. antiquorum, Schott; Hook. f. Fl. Brit, Ind. vi. 523. Sann-
ing ; cultivated on the Lienchow River, FI. pale yellow,
August,

289

7.—ALOCASIA.
Key to species.

Leaves semicircular... ae we 1. cucullata.
Leaves ovate, cordate or sagittate ... 2. macrorrhiza.

1, A. cucullata, Schott; Hook. f. l.c.525. Canton. FI. greenish
yellow, ——.

2, A. macrorrhiza, Schott ; Colocasia odora, Benth. Fl. Hongk.
343. In the Happy Valley woods, and shady ravines,
Hongkong ; Lamma Island, Hongkong New Territory ;
Macao. FI. pale yellow, March.

8.—LASIA.

1, L. heterophylla, Schott ; Hook. f. 1. ¢. 550. Taimoshan, and

Cheung Hue Island, Hongkong New Territory. FI. claret-
coloured, April.

9.—RAPHIDOPHORA.

1, R. angustifolia, Schott; R. Peepla, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 344.
Trailing over rocks near the Buddhist Temple, Causeway
Bay, Hongkong ; on rocks at Maénshan, Hongkong New
Territory. Fl. cream coloured, ——.

10.—EPIPREMNUM.

1. E. mirabile, Schott ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 549. On trees
near Fanling, Hongkong New Territory ; climbing over
rocks near Whampoa; Lienfashan, on the banks of the
Canton River. Fl. green, May,

11.—POTHOS.
Key to species.

Petioles winged... ae ta w= lL. Seemanni.
Leaves sessile ... ine a we 2. Louretri.

1. P. Seemanni, Schott; P. scundens, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 344._
Common in ravines creeping over rocks, Hongkong ;
Lantao Island, Taimoshan, and Maénshan, Hongkong New
Territory ; Macao; Lienchow River; Lofoushan. FI.
January—March.

2. P. Loureiri, Hook. et Arn.; Engl. in DC. Monogr. Phan. ii.
87. Tingushan on the West River. Fl. May.

12.—ACORUS.

1, A. gramineus, Ait.; A. Calamus, Lour.; Benth. Fl. Hongk.
345. Common in watercourses, Hongkong; Hahang,
Hongkong New Territory ; Lienchow River ; West River.
Fl. yellow, April.

21615 T

290

LEMNACEAE.
1.—LEMNA.
Key to species.
Fronds } inch long... ve ve 1. minor.
Fronds + inch long... ahs w= 2. polyrrhiza,

. L. minor, Linn. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 556. Common in
pools, Hongkong; Hongkong New Territory without
locality ; Ngchungshan, near Hongkong. FI. ——.

. L. polyrrhiza, Zinn.; Hook. £.1.¢. 557. In swamps at East
Point, Hongkong; Ngchungshan, near Hongkong, Fl,——.

ALISMACEAE.
Key to genera.
. Leaves cordate ... ses wn .» 2, Lophotocarpus.
Leaves not cordate oe or 2:
. Leaves lanceolate ‘ies ce .. 1, Alisma.
Leaves linear, hastate or sagittate ... 3. Sagittaria.
1.—ALISMA.

. A. Plantago, Zinn. ; Hook. £. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 559. Lienchow
River. Fl. pink, August.

2.—LOPHOTOCARPUS.

. L. guyanensis, Durand et Schinz ; Sagittaria cordifolia, Roxb. ;
Benth. Fl. Hongk. 346. Belcher’s Bay aud Sheko,
Hongkong ; Hoitung ; Shiukwan (Shaochaufu) N. River,
Fl. white, September.

3.—SAGITTARIA.

. S. sagittifolia, Linn.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 561.
Pokfulam, Hongkong ; Chaovhautu ; Hoifung ; Canton ;
Macao; Sanning; North River. Fl, white, April—August.

NAIADACEAE.,
Key to genera.
. Flowers hermaphrodite — re 2.
Flowers bisexual sit ons sa 3.
. Stamens 6 or more 1. Aponogeton.
Stamens (anthers) 4 2. Potamoyeton.
. Stamens (anthers) 2 3. Ruppia.
Stamen 1 see 4,
. Filament slender 4, Zannichellia,
Anthers sessile ... 5. Najas.

291
1.-APONOGETON.

1, A monostachyon, Linn. f.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 564.
Hongkong New Territory without locality ; pools near

Canton. FI. white, August.

2.—POTAMOGETON.

Key to species.

Leaves flat, ovate
Leaves crisped, linear ...

Hook, £. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 567.
2. P. crispus, Linn. ; Hook. f. 1. c. 566.
pink, April.

3.—RUPPIA.

1, R, maritima, Linn.; R. rostellata, Koch; Hook. f. 1. c. 568.
El. January.

Sheko Lagoon, Hongkong.

4.—ZANNICHELLIA.

1. Z. pedicellata, Ham. ;

Z. palustris,
Hook. f£. 1. c. 568.

5.—-NAJAS.

1. N. graminea, Delile; N. minor, Benth. Fl, Hongk. 345.

Hongkong without locality. FI. ;

ERIOCAULONACEAE,
1.—ERIOCAULON.

1. Stem elongated ... oc ave
Stem not elongated ... a Be

2. Involucral bracts longer than the flowers 2,
Involucral bracts not longer than the

flowers oe ne is ila

3. Leaves pillose ... der ens wwe Be
Leaves glabrous aie a :

4. Involucral bracts villose woe ease
Involucral bracts glabrous a

5. Sepals of male flowers dimerous ‘ae
Sepals of male flowers trimerous

6. Floral bracts acute... iat awe «OS
Floral bracts obtuse... ar we 6

21515

l. Gaudichaudii.
2. erispus.

1. P. Gaudichaudii, Cham. et Schlecht.; P. mucronatus, Presl ;
Canton.
Pond near Swatow. FI.

Fl. green.

subsp. pedicellata,
Near Swatow. Fl. white, April.

. setaceum,

2.
echinulatum,

3.
australe,

4,
Wightianum,

5.

6.

7.
sinicum.
truncatum,

T 2

10.

El.

She

10.

ll.

292

. Anthers white ... ies aa ni 8.

Anthers black ... 243 He ee 9,

. Corolla ciliate ...
Corolla glabrous ee st exe
. Sepals of female flowers free ... ee ll.

. cinereum.
. Steboldianum,

ao st

Sepals of female flowers connate... 10.
Involucral bracts semiorbicular w=. 9, -Buergerianum.
Involucral bracts ovate me ..» 10. alpestre.
Corolla tube of male flowers pilose ... 11. eristatum.
Corolla tube of male flowers glabrous... 12.

. Receptacle pilose we vee w. 12. luzulaefolium.

Receptacle glabrous... oe .. 13, Wallichianum.

. £.

E.

E.

coc)

setaceum, Zinn. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 383. Hongkong
without locality ; -in paddy fields near Kuntong, Hong-
kong New Territory ; anton. Fl. July.

echinulatum, J/art.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 5:9.
Swamps at the foot of the White Cloud hills, Canton.
Fl. October.

australe, R. Br.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 382. Mt. Victoria,
Taihang valley, and Cape d’Aguilar, Hongkong; in
swamps at Shatin Pass road and Kuntong, Hongkong
New Territory ; Kwaisin, Hoifung ; boggy ground on the
White Cloud hills, Canton. FI. April—October.

. Wightianum, J/art.: Hook. f. 1. ¢. 576. Pakhoi. Fl. —.
. sinicum, Mig.; Ruhland in Engl. Pflanzenr. Eriocaul. 116.

Fookwing near Hongkong on the Canton River. Fl.—.

. truncatum, Ham. ; Benth. 1. c. 382. Pokfulam, Wong-

neichong, and elsewhere, Hongkong ; White Cloud hills,
Canton ; Lofoushan. FI. July.

. cinereum, R. Br.; E. heteranthum, Benth. |. c. 382. Near

Pokfulam reservoir ; in paddy fields at Little Hongkong,
and Deepwater Bay, Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hong-
kong New Territory; on the way to the White Cloud
hills, Canton. FI. June—December.

. Sieboldianum, Sied. et Zucc.: Hook. f. 1. c. 577. Sandy

places usually near the sea Kowloon, Hongkong New
Territory ; Canton. Fl. August.

. Buergerianum, Koern.; Ruhland in Engl. Pflanzenr.

Eriocaul. 94. Lofoushan. Fl. August.

. alpestre, Hook. f. et Thoms. ; Hook. f. 1. c. 578. Swatow.

FI. April.

.cristatum, JJ/art.; Benth. 1. c. 382. In Taihang valley,

near Aberdeen and in stream east of the Wongneichong-
Taitam Road, Hongkong; Kwaisin, Hoifung. Fi.
September.

. luzulaefolium, Wart. ; Hook. f.1.c. 582. Swamp at the foot

of the White Cloud hills, Canton. FI. October.

. Wallichianum, I/urt.; Benth. 1. c. 381. Pokfulam, Happy

Valley, and common in moist situations, Hongkong :
Taimoshan, Kuntong, and near Capsuimun, Hongkong
New Territory ; White Cloud hills, Canton ; Lofoushan.
Fl. February—September.

10.

ll.

12.
13.

14,

15.

16.
17.
18.
19,

20.

. Hypogynous scales present ;

293

CYPERACEAE.

Key to genera.

. Flowers bisexual

Flowers unisexual

. Flowering glumes many

Flowering glumes 1 or 2

. Glumes distichous

Glumes spirally arranged

. Style 2-fid

Style 3-fid

. Rachilla persistent

Rachilla deciduous

. Nut laterally compressed

Nut dorsally compressed

. Rachilla persistent

Rachilla deciduous

. Style base constricted or articulate

above the nut ; leaves basal ; flowers
umbelled .

Style base passing gradually into nut

leaves
wanting

Hypogynous scales wanting

Style base persistent, or deciduous, leav-
ing no scar .

Style base deciduous leaving protruding
sear ; leaves with long white hairs

Hypogynous scales 0, or linear entire

Some hypogynous scales or all of them
expanded oe

Scales 3 or 6, inner broadly obovate ..

Seales 2, hyaline aes

Style 2-fid ae

Style 3-fid —

Spikelets panicled af

Spikelets in digitate dense “cylindric
spikes

Spikelets 1- 7-flowered, lowest flower
alone perfect :

Spikelets 1- 2-flowered, upper flower
alone perfect “i ;

Hypogynous scales long

Hypogynous scales ene

Nut naked ine ies

Nut enclosed in utricle

Spikes corymbose

Spikes paniculate

Leaves present ..

Plant without leaves

Flowers in small sessile axillary clusters

Flowers in terminal panicles

eps

=~]

14,
17,
16.
17.
21.

11.

13.

20,
19.

—

—
On S00 ong nS

Kyllingia.
Pycreus.
Juncellus.
Cyperus.
Mariscus.

9.
11.

. Eleocharis.

10.

. Fimbristylis.

. Bulbostylis.
. Scirpus.

12,

. Kuirena,
. Lipocarpha,
. Rynchospora.

14.
15.

Remirea.
Cladium,

16.
Lepidosperma.
Gahnia,

Hypolytrum.,
19.

20.
Lepironia,
Diplacrun.
Seleria.

294
1.—PYCREUS.

Key to species.

. Leat sheaths covering } of the stem ...

Leaf sheaths at bottom of the stem only

. Glume with recurved excurrent midrib

Glume blunt or shortly apiculate
Plant annual... af ei
Plant perennial...

I.

2.

3.

sanguinolentus.
2)
globosus.
3.
pulvinatus,

4, polystachyus.

1. P. sanguinolentus, Nees ; Cyperus -Eragrostis, Vahl; Benth.
FI. Hongk. 385. On the edges of paddy fields, Hongkong ;
Castle Peak, Hongkong New Territory ; Macao; Lofou-

bo

es

ca

shan. Fl. November.

. P.globosus, Reichb. ; Cyperus vulgaris, Kunth ; Benth. 1. c. 385.

Aberdeen, Hongkong ; Canton; Macao. Fl. August.

. P. pulvinatus, Nees; P. nitens, Nees; Hook. f. Fl. Brit,

Ind. vi. 591. Aberdeen, Hongkong ; Taitamchong river,
Hongkong New Territory ; Lintin Island, Canton River,
near Hongkong ; Pakhoi; North River. Fl. July.

. P. polystachyus, Beauv. ; Cyperus polystachyus, Benth. |. c. 385.

Victoria Peak, Hast Point, and Pokfulam, Hongkong ;
Stonecutters’ Island ; Taimoshan, Hongkong New Terri-
tory ; Whampoa ; Canton ; Macao; Lofoushan. FI. June

—September.
2.—JUNCELLUS.

1. J. serotinus, C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 594.
Canton. Fl, ——.

3.—CYPERUS.

Key to species.

. Spikelets digitate or clustered

Spikelets spicately or subracemosely
disposed one

. Glumes strongly mucronate

Glumes not mucronate or very shortly so
Annual plant.
Tall perennial plant

. Plant tall

Plant small

. Umbel longer than stem

Umbel shorter than stem

. Nut nearly equal to glume

Nut 3 the length of the glume

» Rachilla not or only narrowly winged

Rachilla distinctly and widely winged

. Annual with tufted stem

Perennial with woody, sometimes very

short, rhizomes and often long

stolons

w

LA > go go

compressus,
. uncinatus.
. radians.

. diffisus,

. diffornis.

. Haspan.
9.

15.

10.

Jal.

. Nut 4 the length of the glume

295

1. compressus.
Nut nearly equal to the glume 7. Iria.
11, Rachis of spikes pilose 8. pilosus.
Rachis of spikes glabrous se 12.
12. Glumes forced apart by incurving of
edges itt “a0 ei w= 9. -malaccensis.
Glumes adpressed ee eds sig 13.
13. Spikelets 10-20-flowered =“ we 10. distans,
Spikelets 20-40-flowered sie aes 14,
14. Nut narrowly ellipsoid... alee w LL. eleusinoides,
Nut obovoid ... ete ‘ne .» 12. procerus.
15, Plants not stoloniferous ae asa 16.
Plants stoloniferous ... aie sake 18.
16. Glumes in fruit remote ane w» 13. Zollingeri.
Glumes closely imbricate ... als 17.
17. Spikelets densely crowded... ww. 14. radiatus.
Spikelets not crowded ... os w. 15. evaltatus.
18. Leaves reduced or wanting ... w» = 16. tegetiformis.
Leaves long and slender ve .
19, Plant with woody ovoid tubers . 17. rotundus.
Plant without tubers ... 18. stolonifer.

10.

. ©. compressus, Zinn. ; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind.

vi. 605. Whampoa; common weed of cultivated ground,
Canton; Macao. FI. August.

. uncinatus, Poir.; C. cuspidatus, H. B. K.; C. B. Clarkel.c.

598, Hongkong without locality ; Taimoshan, Hongkong
New Territory; Whampoa; Canton; Macao. FI.
September.

. radians, Nees; Benth. F). Hongk. 386. Hongkong without

locality ; Cape Syngmun (Capsuimun) Hongkong New
Territory ; Macao; Pakhoi. Fl. September.

. diffusus, Vahl; C. B. Clarke 1. c. 603. Hongkong without

locality ; Whampoa. Fl. July to August.

. difformis, Linn.; Benth. 1. c. 385. Hongkong without

locality ; near Kowloon City, Hongkong New Territory ;
Swatow ; a common weed on the borders of paddy fields,
Canton. Fl, April—September.

. Haspan, Linn. ; Benth. 1.c. 386. Mt. Gough and in marshes

in the Happy Valley, Hongkong; Taimoshan, Hongkong
New Territory ; Canton; Macao; Pakhoi. Fl. March.

. Iria, Zinn.; Benth. 1. c. 386. In wet situations at East

Point and Aberdeen, Hongkong ; Taimoshan, Hongkong
New Territory ; on the borders of paddy fields, Canton ;
Macao; Lienchow River. FI. September.

. pilosus, Vahl; Benth. |. c. 387. Hongkong without

locality ; Castle Peak, Taimoshan and near Lowu, Hong-
kong New Territory; Whampoa; Canton; Macao;
Lienchow River; Lofoushan. HF. September.

. malaccensis, Zam.; C. B. Clarke lc. 608. Castle Peak

and Kowloon City, Hongkong New Territory ; Whampoa ;
Macao. FI. September.

. distans, Linn. f.; Benth. 1. c. 387. Mt. Gough, Hong-

kong; Macao; Lofoushan. FI. August.

11.

12,
13.
14.
15.

16.

li.

18.

—

296

C. eleusinoides, Aunth: C. B. Clarke ]. c. 608. Stonecutters’
Island ; Port Shelter, Hongkong New Territory ; Canton.
FI. July.

; wreserie, ahs C. B. Clarke 1. c. 610. Stonecutters’
Island, Hongkong ; Kwangtung without locality. Fl. July.

. Zollingeri, Steud.; C. B. Clarke 1. ¢. 613. Hongkong
without locality ; Whampoa; Macao, Fl. ——.

. radiatus, Vahl; C. B. Clarke lc. 617. Ina pool outside
N.E. gate, Canton, Fl. September.

. exaltatus, Retz; C. B. Clarke 1. c. 617. Canton. FI.
October.

. tegetiformis, Rozb.; C. B. Clarke 1. c. 612. Near Sheko,
Hongkong; Taipo and Castle Peak, Hongkong New
Territory ; Whampoa; Macao. FI. July.

C. rotundus, Linn. ; Benth. 1.c. 387. Pokfulam and Aberdeen,

Hongkong ; Castle Peak, Hongkong New Territory ;
Canton ; Macao; Pakhoi. Fl. August.

Qa o2 AQ Aa A

C. stolonifer, Retz.: C. B. Clarke 1. c. 615. Macao, FI.
November.
4.—MARISCUS.
Key to species.
. Spikelets clustered... oe we i, microcephalus.
Spikelets spicate ses sits ce 2.
Spikelets loose, turgid ; nuts 3-6 .... 2. albescens.
Spikelets crowded, subulate ; nuts, 1-2 3.
Umbel rays ultimately straight 3. ‘Sieberianus.
Umbel rays ultimately curved 4, cyperinus.

M. microcephalus, Pres); C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit.
Ind. vi. 624. In a ditch near the N.E. parade ground,
Canton ; Lofoushan. FI. September.

M. albescens, Gaud.; Cyperus pennatus, Benth. Fl. Hongk.
387. Pokfulam village green and Aberdeen, Hongkong ;
Macao. FI. July.

. M. Siehberianus, Nees; C. B. Clarke 1. c. 622. In grassy places,

Hongkong without locality. Fl. April to July.

. M. ecyperinus, Vahl; Cyperus umbellatus, Benth. 1. c. 386.

Aberdeen, Hongkong ; Macao; Lienchow River. Fi.
August.

5.—KYLLINGIA.
Key to species.

. Nut-bearing glumes not winged in

upper part of keel... ni ita 2.
Nut-bearing glumes winged above 1. monocephala.
. Keel setulose below 2. brevifolia,
Keel smooth below 3. triceps.

K. monocephala, Rotth.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 388. Common in
Hongkong ; Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory ;
abundant weed in sandy soil, Canton ; Macao; Pakhoi.

Fl. April—September.

Ns

ie)

. Bristles white ...

. Plant 2-4 inches high a

297

. K. brevifolia, Rotth.; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. FI. Brit. Ind.

vi. 588. Castle Peak, Hongkong New Territory ; on the
bank of the Han River, Swatow ; Canton; Macao. FI.
April.

. K. triceps, Rottb.; C. B. Clarke 1. c. 587. Victoria, Hong-

kong ; Macao. FI. July.

6.—ELEOCHARIS.
Key to species.

. Stems thick hollow... ies ae 2.
Stems slender ... ae oe ek 4,

. Stems conspicuously jointed ... wae 3.
Stem not jointed ues ies 1. variegata.
A tuber-bearing cultivated plant 2. tuberosa,
A wild plant without tubers 3. plantaginea.

. Styles 2-fid

Styles 3-fid hy ate ail sti 6.

. atropurpurea.
. capitata.

. acicularis.

. affiata.

Bristles brown ...

IDO

Plant 4-16 inches high

. EB. variegata, Kunth; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind.

vi. 626. Aberdeen, Hongkong; Kuntong, and Tailam-
cheong, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. July.

E. tuberosa, Schultes ; Scirpus tuberosus, Roxb. FI. Ind. i. 210.
Whampoa ; cultivated in Kwangtung. Fl. ;

. plantaginea, R. Br.; C. B. Clarke in Hook f.. Fl. Brit. Ind.
vi. 625. Pokfulam, Hongkong ; near Sanwai, Hongkong
New Territory ; stream near Chaochaufu. FI]. October.

. atropurpurea, Kunth; C. B. Clarke lc. 627. Macao, FI.

. capitata, R. Br.; Scirpus capitatus, Linn.; Benth. FI.
Hongk. 394. Hongkong without locality. Fl. ——.

. acicularis, RA. Br.; C. B. Clarke 1. c. 628. Marsh near
Yit-hai, Han valley; Canton. Fl. April.

. afflata, Steud.; Scirpus affiatus, Benth. 1. c. 394. Hong-
kong without locality ; Castle Peak, Hongkong New
Territory ; fields near Chaochaufu ; Canton. Fl. April.

ei

eS He He

7,—FIMBRISTYLIS.
Key to species.

. Lower glumes distichous eis was 2

Lower glumes not distichous ... is 6.

. Spikelet 1 a nae ane fia monostachya.

Spikelets several re bag _ 3.

Leaves hardly any... ase w. 2, Actinoschoenus.
Leaves several ... wet wi ae 4,

Leaves short, flat, obtus i adi 5.

Leaves long, narrow ... ate we =: 3. cyperoides.
Leaves glabrous seas si .. 4 Eragrostis.
Leaves pubescent aide wk .» 5, fusca,

298

. Spikelet 1

Spikelets several

. Nut oblong

Nut obovoid

. Spikelet lanceolate, erect, pale straw-

colour ;
Spikelet ovate, oblique brown.

. Style 2-fid

Style 3-fid

. Spikelets all, or nearly a all, solitary

Spikelets all, or most, clustered

. Stem with few (3-1) ‘spikelets

Stem with many spikelets

. Spikelets large, cylindric

Spikelets medium, ovoid

. Spikelets #- l inch long

Spikelets 4-4 inch long

. Style base with many long pendent hairs

Style base normal

. Nut linear-cylindric, curved

Nut obovoid ...
Nut longitudinally str iate
Nut smooth reticulate .

. Spikelets terete...

Spikelets angular

. Spikelets subglobose

Spikelets oblong or cylindric ms

. Spikelets 3 inch long ...

Spikelets 3-2 inch long

; Gynophore prominent, obpyramidal ...

Gynophore not prominent

. Leaves hardly any

Leaves plentiful

. Leaves pubescent

Leaves glabrous

. Spikelets all, or nearly all, solitary
. Spikelets clustered. ae
. Nut densely trabeculate

Nut smooth, verrucose or @ibexoulite..

. Spikelets globose

Spikelets narrow-lanceolate

. Spikelets 3 inch broad...

Spikelets ;!, inch broad

. Spikelets very numerous

Spikelets about 10

. Umbel slender, diffuse nit

Umbel contracted

Fl. Hongk. 397.
locality. Fl, August.

fj

9.

6. tetragona.
8.
7. acuminata.
8. nutans.
10.
23.
LI.
9. sericea.
12.
14,
13.
10. schoenoides.
ll. subbispicata.
12. Fordiz.
13. squarrosa.
15.
14, dipsacea.
16.
17.
18.
15. diphylla.
16. dichotoma.
17. rigidula,
19.
18. longispiea.
20.
19. podocarpa.
21.
20. ferruginea,
22.
21. aestivalis,
28.
24,
23. leptoclada,
25.
26.
24, miliacea.
25. hwangtungensis.
27.
26. complanata.
27. Thomsonit.
28. insignis.

. F. monostachya, Hassk.; C. B. Clarke in
Ind. vi. 649. Macao. FI. Jane.
. F. Actinoschoenus, C. B. Clarke ;

. spathacea,
29. gracilenta.

Hook. £. Fl. Brit.

Arthrostylis chinensis, Benth.
Wet rocks in woods, Hongkong without

1

22.

ep a i

> ee a” a |

299

. cyperoides, R. Br.; C. B. Clarke 1. c. 650. Abundant in

marshy places, Canton. Fl. August.

. Eragrostis, Hance ; Abildgaardia Eragrostis, Nees ; Benth.

1c. 390. Hongkong without locality ; Cape Syngmun
(Capsuimun), Hongkong New Territory ; Whampoa ;
Canton ; Macao; North.River ; Lofoushan. Fl. August.

. fusca, Benth. et Hook. f.; Abildgaardia fusca, Nees ; Benth.

lc. 390. Mt. Kellet and Aberdeen, Hongkong ; Castle
Peak, Hongkong New Territory ; White Cloud hills,
Canton ; West River. Fl. July—October.

. tetragona, A. Br.; C. B. Clarke lL. c. 631. Aberdeen,

Wongchukhang marsh and Wongneichong, Hongkong ;
very common in spongy soil, Canton. FI. August.

. acuminata, Vahl; Benth. 1.c. 391. Mt. Kellet and Aber-

deen, Hongkong; Kuntong, Hongkong New Territory.
Fl.

. nutans, Vahl ; Benth. 1. ¢. 391. Aberdeen, Hongkong ;

abundant in the swamp at the foot of the White Cloud
hills, Canton. Fl. August. ;

. sericea, R. Br.; C. B. Clarke 1. c. 641. Wet ground,

Canton ; Macao; Pakhoi. FI. August.

. schoenoides, Vahi; Benth. |. c. 391. Pokfulam, Hongkong.

Fl. July.

. subbispicata, Nees; Benth. 1. c. 391. Hongkong without

locality ; Macao. FI. June—October.

. Fordii, C. B. Clarke in Hemsl. Enum. Pl. China, iii. 236.

Lofoushan. FI. August.

. Squarrosa, Vahl; Benth. 1c. 392. In paddy fields, Hong-

kong. FI. January—August.

. dipsacea, Benth. et Hook. f.; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. FL.

Brit. Ind. vi. 635. Canton. Fl. ——.

. diphylla, Vahl; Benth. 1. c. 392. Little Hongkong, Aber-

deen, Pokfulam and Mt. Kellet, Hongkong ; Stonecutters’
Island ; Castle Peak, Taimoshan and near Lowu, Hong-
kong New Territory; Lienchow River; Canton. Fi.
August—October.

. dichotoma, Vahl; C. B. Clarke |. c. 635. Hongkong with-

out locality ; Canton; Macao. FI. June.

. rigidula, Mees; C. B. Clarke 1. c. 640. Grassy hills,

Hongkong without locality. Fl. spring.

. longispica, Stewd.; C. B. Clarke 1. c. 639. Hongkong

without locality. Fl. ——.

. podocarpa, Hook. f.; C. B. Clarke l. c. 638. Happy Valley,

Hongkong. Fi. July.

.ferruginea, Vahl; Benth. 1. c. 391. Hongkong without

locality ; near Laichikok, Hongkong New Territory ;
Pakhoi. Fl. ——.

. aestivalis, J’ahl; Benth. 1. c. 392. Hongkong without

locality ; Chaochaufu ; Canton; North River. FI. April
—August.

. spathacea, Roth.; F. Wightianu, Nees ; Benth. Fl. Hongk.

392. Sandy ground, Hongkong without locality ; Castle
Peak, Hongkong New Territory ; Macao. Fl. ——.

300

23. F. leptoclada, Benth. 1. c. 393. High West Gap, Hongkong ;

Whampoa. Fl. August.

F. miliacea, Vahl; Benth. 1. c. 393. Wongchukhang, Hong-
kong ; Cape Syngmun (Capsuimun), Taimoshan, Hongkong
New Territory ; Whampoa; Canton; Pakhoi. Fl. July.

. F. kwangtungensis, C. B. Clarke in Hemsl. Enum. PI. China,

iii. 238. Lienchow River. Fl. August.

26. F. complanata, Link.; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind.

vi. 646. Inaswamp in the Happy Valley woods, Hong-
kong ; Canton. FI. July—October.

27, F. Thomsonii, Boeck. ; F. complanata, Benth. 1. c. 393. Cause-
way Bay, and Aberdeen, Hongkong ; Castle Peak, Hong-
kong New Territory ; hillnear Chaochaufu ; Macao. Fl.
April—October.

28. F. insignis, Thwaites ; C. B. Clarke 1. c. 645. Damp places
Pokfulam, Hongkong ; Canton; Pakwan. FI. August.

29. F. gracilenta, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1868, 89. Danes’ Island,
Whampoa; Canton. Fl. August.

8.—BULBOSTYLIS.
Key to species.
Spikelets in a globose head... wl. barbata,
Spikelets nearly all solitary ... .. 2, capillaris.

1. B. barbata, Kunth ; [solepis barbata, R. Br. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk.
393. Deepwater Bay, Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hong-
kong New Territory ; Whampoa; Canton; Macao;
Pakhoi. FI. June—August.

2. B. capillaris, Kunth ; C. B. Clarke in Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi.
652. Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory; river bank
near Swatow; White Cloud hills,Canton. Fl. April—Sep-
tember.

9._SCIRPUS.
Key to species.
1, Stems leafy at base only 2.
Stem leafy at nodes 6.
2. Stems terete aes 3.
Stems trigonous sa te 5.
3. Spikelets subcapitate, terminal . 8, subcapitatus.
Spikelets in lateral heads ae oe 4,
4, Spikelets angular ss 1. supinus.
Spikelets terete... 2. erectus.
5. Glumes notched as 3. triqueter.
Glumes not notched, acute 4. mucronatus.
6. Stems 2-7 ft. long 5, ternatensis.
Stems 1-16 inches long 7

_

. Spikelets densely compound, ‘capitate 6. Michelianus.

Spikelets 2-4

SPUaTTosus.

. §. supinus, Linn. ; Isolepis supina, R. Br. ; Benth, Fl. Hongk.

394, In paddy fields, Hongkong. FI. January.

an

“aI

301

. S. erectus, Poir.; 8. juncoides, Roxb.; Benth. lc. 395.
Common in paddy fields, Hongkong and New Territory ;
on the bank of the Han River, and in paddy fields,

‘ Chaochaufu, Swatow ; Canton; Macao. FI. April.

3. S. triqueter, Linn.; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi.
658. River bank near Chaochaufu; Canton. Fl. April.

. 8. mucronatus, Linn.; C. B. Clarke 1. c. 657. Whampoa ;
common in pools near Canton. Fl. September.

. 8. ternatensis, Reinw. ; S. chinensis, Munro; Benth. |. c. 395.
Near Kennedy Road, Hongkong ; slopes of the Phoenix
Mt., Swatow. FI. April.

. 8. Michelianus, Zinn.; C. B. Clarke 1. c. 662. Canton. FI.
June to September.

. $8. squarrosus, Zinn.; C. B. Clarke 1. c. 663. Fallow fields,
Whampoa. Fl. July.

. 8. subcapitatus, Thwaites ; C. B. Clarke l. c. 661. Top of the
Phoenix Mt., Swatow. Fl. April.

10.—FUIRENA.
Key to species.

Petal-like scales clawed, with sub-
quadrate heads... oa .- L. glomerata.
Petal-like scales obovate, subsessile ... 2. umbellata.

. F. glomerata, Zam.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 396. Hongkong
without locality ; Kuntong and Castle Peak, Hongkong
New Territory ; Macao; Pakhoi. FI. November.

2. F. umbellata, Rottb.; Benth. 1. ¢. 395. Happy Valley and

Victoria Peak, Hongkong ; Castle Peak, Hongkong New

Territory ; Macao; Lienchow River. Fl. August.

11—HYPOLYTRUM.

. H. latifolium, Rich. ; Benth. 1. c. 389. On a bank above Ice
House Road, Robinson Road, and elsewhere, Hongkong ;
Swatow ; Canton ; Lienchow River ; Lofoushan, Fl. June.

12.—LIPOCARPHA.
Key to species.

Glumes incurved at tip +s oe 1. argentea.
Glumes with reflexed excurrent midrib 2. microcephala.

. L. argentea, R. Br. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 388. In wet places in
the Happy Valley, Hongkong. Fl. December.

. L. microcephala, Kunth ; Benth. 1. c. 388. Hongkong without
locality. Fl. autumn.

18.—LEPIRONIA.

. L. mucronata, Rich. ; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit, Ind.
vi. 684. Hongkong without locality ; Kwangtung without
locality, and largely cultivated. }'l. November.

Ww

ow

302

14.—-REMIREA.
. R. maritima, Audi. ; C. B. Clarke 1. c. 677. Canton. FI. ——.

'

15.—RYNCHOSPORA.

Key to species.
. Spikelets in a single terminal head... 1. Wallichiana,

Spikelets in a panicle ... ne on 2.
2. Leaves $-1 inch broad a ..- 2, aurea.
Leaves 4 inch broad or less... a 3

. Leaves setaceous 3. gracillima.

Leaves ;},;- inch broad - we 4, glanea.

. R. Wallichiana, C. B. Clarke, Rhynchospora Wallichiana,
Kunth; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 396. Taitam Tuk and
elsewhere, Hongkong; Taimoshan, Hongkong New
Territory ; Pakhoi; West River. Fl. June—August.

.R. aurea, Vahl; Rhyneospora aurea, Benth. |. c. 396.
Deepwater Bay and Mt. Parker, Hongkong ; Castle Peak,
Hongkong New Territory. Fl. August—November.

. R. gracillima, C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 671.
Hongkong without locality. Fil. ——.

. R. glauca, Vahl ; Rhynchospora laxa, R. Br.; Benth. |. c. 397.
Aberdeen and Little Hongkong, Hongkong ; Castle Peak,
Hongkong New Territory; on the bank of the Han
River, Swatow. Fl. April——July.

16.—LEPIDOSPERMA.

. L. chinense, Nees; Benth. 1. c. 398. Causeway Bay, North
Point, Stanley road and common in damp places, Hong-
kong; Cape Syngmun (Capsuimun), Hongkong New
Territory; hills near Chaochaufu; Macao. Fl.

December.
17.—CLADIUM.
Key to species.
. Leaves 4-1-inch broad sins x vb ensigerum.
Leaves narrow ... Gas wea 2:
2, Leaves hardly any on stem... w+ 2. glomeratum,
Leaves long, at each node... we BL Jaumaicense.

. C. ensigerum, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1885, 80. Pokfulam, and
on side of stream above Pokfulam reservoir, Hongkong.
Fl, January—May.

. C. glomeratum, R. Br.; C. B. Clarke in Hook. £. Fl. Brit. Ind.
vi. 675, Pokfulam, Hongkong. Fl. Jannary.

. C. jamaicense, Crant:; C. Mariscus, R. Br. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk.
397. Mt. Parker, Hongkong; Taimoshan, Hongkong
New Territory ; Macao, Fl. May.

303

18.—_GAHNIA.

Key to species.
Panicle condensed, narrow
Panicle loose, spreading

. G, tristis, Nees; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 398.

1.

2,

tristis.
javanica.

Bowen Road,

Wanchai Gap and East Point in swamps, Hongkong ;

Taimoshan, Hongkong New
March—November.

. G. javanica, Mortis: ;
vi. 676.

19.—SCLERIA.
Key to species.

without locality. Fl. December.
. 8. biflora, Roxd, ;

C. B. Clarke in Hook.
Phoenix Mt., Swatow. Fl. April.

S. tessellata, Benth. 1. c. 399.

Territory; Macao. FI.

f. FL. Brit. Ind.

. Bisexual spikelets many 2.
Bisexual spikelets none or few 3.
. Panicle compound, branches 4 inches
long 1, hithosperma.
Panicle with distant axillary corymbs 2. Ridleyi,
. Slender plant with fibrous roots, or with
very short and not thick rhizomes 3. wee
Robust plant with thick woody rhizomes
. Middle sheaths winged ate per ae
Middle sheaths not or obscurely
winged ae 6.
4a, Nut tessellated 2 5.
Nut obscurely reticulated or smooth . ts
. Ligule depressed ovate 4, elata.
Ligule with margin prolonged below... 5. chinensis,
. Leaves whorled te :
Leaves alternate 6. Harlandi,
. Stem scabrous ; disc lobes small, ovate ‘7. Radula,
Stem smooth ; disc lobes 4 as 8 long as
nut, lanceolate m 8. hebecarpa.
. 8. lithosperma, Swartz; Benth. FI. Hongk. 399. Aberdeen,
Hongkong ; Macao. FI. August.
. 8. Ridleyi, C. B. Clarke ; S. laevis, Benth. 1.c.400. Hongkong

Hongkong ;

Kuntong, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. October.

. S. elata, Thowaites ; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi.
690. Mt. Kellet, Hongkong; White Cloud hills. Fl. J july.

. chinensis, Kunth; Benth 1. c. 400. Abundant in ravines,
Hongkong ; Macao. Fl. December to March.

. Harlandi, Hance ; S. purpurascens, Benth. |. c. 400. Hong-
kong without locality. Fl. April.

: Radula, Hance ; S. laevis, var. scaberrima, Benth. 1. c. 400,
Mt. Kellet, Hongkong ; Castle Peak, Hongkong New
Territory ; ‘hill near Chaochaufu. Fl. April—July.

. S. hebecarpa, Nees; ©. B. Clarke 1. c. 689. Aheriven® Hong-

kong ; Whampoa ; Macao; Pakhoi; Lienchow River ;

Lofoushan. Fl. August.

mn Dm mM

804

20.—DIPLACRUM.

. D. caricinum, R. Br.

; Scleria caricina, Benth. ; C. B. Clarke

1. c. 688. Hongkong without locality ; Kuntong, Honk-

kong New Territory. Fl. September.

21.—CAREX.
Key to species.

Spikelets in compound panicles
Spikelets in simple racemes

. Leaves 1-2 inches broad

Leaves 3-5 inch broad

: Spikelets J 1}-2 inches long

Spikelets under 1 inch long

. Terminal spikelet female at top

Terminal spikelet male at ie or wholly
male ve

. Spiklets pedunculate

Spikelets sessile

. Upper spikelets with few fruits, ovate

Upper spikelets with many fruits,
cylindric

. One to three spikelets male. remainder

female or androgynous
All spikelets androgynous 5
Male spikelets 2 or 3, female 3 or 4.
Male spikelet 1
Female spikelets 3 or 4, none ‘androgy-
nous te
‘Two or more spikelets androgynous ae

. Glumes with excurrent midrib

Glumes without excurrent midrib

. Utricle glandular or pubescent

Utricle glabrous

. Utricle densely glandular

Utricle pubescent

. Female spikelets ovate

Female spikelets linear

. Female spikelets lax, drooping ,

Female spikelets dense, erect .

. Utricle densely papillose

Utricle not papillose

. Spikelet 4 inch broad, compact

Spikelet broader and laxer

. Glumes obtuse .

Glumes acute

. Utricle glabrous

Utricle pubescent

. Stems elongated ; leaves narrow

Stem short ; leaves very broad

. Peduncles ‘aapiclad

Peduncles distant

ww bw

=I

10.
IL.
12:

13.
14,
15.

2

a

4,

+ SCaposa,

3.

. baceans.
. eruciata.

5.

7.
6.

. gibba,
. hanensis,

. Spachiana,

8.
21.

. pumila.

8. chinensis.
9,

cantina.

14.

Susifor mis,
Phoenicis.

maculata
17.

phacota,

pruinosa,

ligata.
18,

« NEA,

manca,

20.

. Harland.
. tristachya.
. tenebrosa,

\

305

21. Spikelets short ... ive i ae 22.
Spikelets 1-3 inches long... aids 23.
22, Ripe utricles divaricate see we 21. graciliflora.

10.

11.

Ripe utricles ascending 22. cryptostachya.

. Spikelets several from each node : a BB. brunnea,

Spikelets solitary at the nodes we 24, longipes.

. ©. scaposa, C. B. Clarke in Bot. Mag. t. 6940. Maénshan,

Hongkong New Territory; Kwaisin, Hoifung; East
River ; Lofoushan. Fl. October.

. ©. haccans, Nees; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi.

722. Taimoshan at 1500 ft., Hongkong New Territory.
Fl. Spring.

. C.cruciata, Wahlenb.; C. benghalensis, Roxb.; Benth. Fl.

Hongk. 401. Hongkong without locality ; Kuntong,
Hongkong New Territory ; White Cloud hills, Canton ;
Lienchow River. Fl. August.

. C. gibba, Wahlend.; Kiikenth. in Engl. Pflanzenr. Cyper.-

Caric. 238. Chaochaufu. Fl. April.

. C. hanensis, Dunn sp.n., C. Spachianae, Boott, affinis, spicis

superioribus ovatis distincta.

Herba caespitosa, 30-40 cm. alta, glabra. Folia omnia basalia,
fibris foliorum vetustiorum cincta, 30 cm. longa, 3 mm.
lata, marginibus minute scabris, apice filiformia. Scapi
20-30 em. longi, basi foliis vaginati. Spicae 4-5 ; superi-
orum androgynarum sessilium ebracteatarum pars foemina
apicalis fructu ovata, pars mascula basalis aequilonga ;
inferiores distantes, in axillie bractearum longarum foliace-
arum graciliter pedunculatae, foemineae; infima inter
folia basalia oriens; bractearum vaginae 1°5 cm. longae.
Gluma foeminea 3-4 mm. longa, oblonga, obtusa, scariosa,
uninervis. Utriculus ovatus, ventricosus, in rostrum gra-
cile acuminatus, 6-7 mm. longus, membranaceus, omnino
glaber, pallidus, obscure paucinervis, rostro 2 mm. longo
breviter bidentato. Nuz trigonus, 1°5 mm. longus, stipi-
tatus ; stipes nuce paullo brevior. Styli 3.

Dry hills in the lower Han valley, Yit-hai, 10.4.1909. Dunn’s
Han Expedition, Herb. Hongk. n. 5878.

. C.Spachiana, Boott ; Franch. in Nouv, Arch. Mus, sér. ix. 137,

River banks near Chaochaufu; Macao. FI. April.

. C. pumila, Thund. ; Benth. 1. c. 402. Dunes, Hongkong with-

out locality. Fl. Spring.

. C. chinensis, Retz.; Benth. 1. c. 402. Victoria Peak, and

abundant in ravines, Hongkong ; hedges near Chaochautfu ;
Macao. FI. April. ,

. C.canina, Dunn in Journ. Bot, 1910, 325. Lantao Island,

Hongkong New Territory. March.

C. fusiformis, Nees ; C. B. Clarke lc. 736. Han Valley near
Chaochaufu. Fl. March.

C. Phoenicis, Dunn sp.n., C. tenebrosae, Boott affinis, spicis
unisexualibus utriculoque breviter bifido differt.

Herba stolonifera, rigida, 50-70 cm. alta, glabra. Folia omnia
basalia, 60 cm, longa, 7-8 mm, lata, marginibus minute

21515 Uv

19,

20.

21,

22,

23.

24,

806

scaberula, apice filiformia. Scapt 50cm. longi. Spicae
5-6, suprema mascula, ceteris foemineis approximatis, 5-6
em. longae, cylindricae ; foemineae fructu 7-9 mm. latae ;
bracteae foliaceae ; vaginae 2-3 em. longae ; pedunculi
robusti, erecti, inferioribus ad 10 cm. longis, superioribus
brevioribus. Gluma foeminea oblongo-ovata, cum nervo unico
excurrente laminae aequilongo 4-6 mm. longa, Utriculus
ovatus, in rostrum brevem gradatim angustatus, 6 mm,
longus, omnino glaber, pallidus, striatus, paucinervis, rostro
breviter bidentato. Nuz ovatus, acuminatus, uno latere
intrusus, apice explanatus, breviter stipitatus, utriculum
fere implens. Stylz 3.

On the banks of streams at the foot of the Phoenix Mountain.
Dunn’s Han Expedition, Herb. Hongk. n. 6231. FI.
March.

. C. maculata, Boott; C. B. Clarke lc. 735. Swamps on the

White Cloud hills, Canton. Fl. April.

C. phacota, Spreng.; C. B. Clarke l.c. 708. Banks of the
Han River, Swatow; Canton. Fl. April.

. ©. pruinosa, Boott ; C. B. Clarke l.c. 709. Mt. Kellet, Hong-

kong ; hills near Chaochaufu. FI. April.

. C. ligata, Boott in Benth. 1. c. 402. Mt. Gough, Mt. Kellet,

and Victoria Peak, Hongkong. Fl. spring.

. C. nexa, Boott in Benth. lc. 402. Mt. Gough, Mt. Victoria

and Happy Valley, Hongkong; Chaochaufu, Swatow
district. Fi. April.

. ©. manca, Boott in Benth. l.c. 402. Hongkong without locality ;

Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. February.

. C. Harlandi, Boott; Benth. 1. c. 403. In the woods behind the

Buddhist Temple, Causeway Bay, in a ravine at West
Point, Mt. Gough, and on Mt. Nicholson, Hongkong ;
Taimoshan at 1500 ft. Hongkong New Territory. FI.
February—A pril.

C. tristachya, Thunb,; Kiikenth. in Engl. Pflanzenr. Cyper.—
Caric. 471. Chaochaufu, Swatow District ; Whampoa ;
Canton. FI. April.

C. tenebrosa, Boott ; Benth. 1. c. 402. In the Happy Valley
woods and Victoria Peak, Hongkong; Castle Peak,
Hongkong New Territory. Fl. Winter.

C. graciliflora, Dunn in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxxviii. 372. Stream
on the slopes of the Phoenix Mt., Swatow. Fl. April.

C. cryptostachys, Brongn. ; Benth.1.c. 403. Hongkong without
locality ; Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory. Fi.
February—April.

C. brunnea, Thunb.; Clarke 1. c. 705. On the dry, bushy
banks above the road south of Magazine Gap, Hongkong.
Fl. July to August.

C. longipes, D. Don ; Clarke 1. c, 704, Happy Valley, Hong-
kong. FI, ——,

307

GRAMINEAE.
Key to genera.

(In this and subsequent keys glume 1 is the outer one, glume 11 the

1.

. Racemes simple ;

next and so on.)

Spikelet with 1 fertile flower with or
without a second male one below it

Spikelet with 2 or more heramphrodite
flowers or the upper unisexual

. Spikelets or spikes more or less pedi-

cellate in an irregular Saas or
spike-like panicle ...

Spikelets sessile or in pairs, one sessile
one pedicellate, or subsessile, in a
spike or on the spike-like branches
ot inflorescence

. Spikelets not in distinct rows, but

sessile or shortly pedicellate, form-

ing a dense cylindrical ia or

spike-like panicle .... . tes

Spikelets singly sessile or in pairs, in

2 or 4 rows, in a simple usually

1-sided spike or on the sessile spike-

like branches of a simple panicle...

Spikelets awned soe a ele
Spikelets awnless

. Only flowering glumes awned..

Outer glumes awned

. Spikelets flat, awn on back st alaniies.

Spikelets not flat, awn terminal

. Awns of spikelet 2-3 ...

Awns of spikelet 1

Axis of spikélet produced. and fonts
cillate with lung silky hairs

Axis not produced see

awns much id
than glumes

Panicle branched but dense spikeike ;
awus very short ote

. Spikelets surrounded by bristles or hairs

Spikelets naked *

. Spikelets surrounded bi bristles

Spikelets surrounded by silky hairs ...

. Spikelets in spike-like panicle

Spikelets in epikes or racemes st

41515

47.

29.

52.
51.
22.

50.

24,
. Setaria (p. 316.).
. Pennisetum

69.

14,

5.

10.

6.

9.
Alopecurus
326).

(p.

ee (p.
320).
8.

Deyeuxia (p.326),
Calamagrostis (p.
326).

Perotis (p. 318).

Polypogon = (p.
326).

11.

13.

12.

Imperata (p.318).

(p.
316.)

U2

13.

14,

15,

16.

17,

18.

25.

26.

27,

28.

29,

-Rachis of

308

Outer glumes 3 ; flowering glumes hard
Outer glume 1; flowering glumes very
thin... sia aids ae ae
Spikelets awnless or with straight awns
Spikelets with twisted awns from
flowering glumes ... ais
Spikelets hermaphrodite
Spikelets unisexual as see
Flowering glumes enclosing the grain,
as stiff as or harder than the outer
ones... ive we ite oe
Flowering glumes and palea small,
very thin and transparent
Glume concave, 3-nerved :
flowers terminal ... wey sae
Glume strongly keeled ; axis of spike-
let projecting beyond palea
Awn single aa ass oes
Awn absent or triple ...
Lower glume awned

Fertile

Lower glume without awn

. Awn on glume iv

Awns on glumes II and 111

. Setae present among spikelets

No setae among spikelets

ones ‘ile
Three empty glumes

. Two empty glumes outside the flowerin

. Outer glume minute

Outer glume well developed he es
spikelets flat prolonged
beyond them ; ears ie

Rachis not prolonged ...

. Axis ending in a minute point at back

of palea ae ee sis

Axis bearing several empty shortly
_ awned glumes above fertile flower

Spike digitate ... ies ats
Spikes distant in a long panicle
Spikelets singly sessile or indented
Spikelets indented in pairs, 1 sessile,

1 pedicillate Bs sive .
Outer glume pectinate ...

Giume not pectinate Pee zh
Outer glume small, truncate, hyaline ;
panicle branches awned

Outer glume large. ies ae
Spikelet scarcely indented; glume 1r stiff

6. Panicum (p. 314),
23. Zoysia (p. 318).
15.

fee)

. Oplismenus
316).
20.
2. Axonopus (p. 313).
3. Panicum (p. 313).
9. Setaria (p. 316).
22.

(p.

23a.

23.
. Digitaria (p. 314).
. Panicum (p. 314).

SH Or

lla. Stenotaphrum
(p. 317).
1. Paspalum (p. 313).

57. Cynodon (p. 326).

25.
58. Chloris (p. 327).
67. Lophatherum (p.
329),
20.

31.

36, Eremochloa
321).
28.

(p.

11: Chamaeraphis (p,
316).
29.
30,

30.

31.

32.

33.

34.

36.

37,

38.

39.

40.

41.

42.

43.

309

Spikelet indented ; one hard outer glume
Outer glume membranous, I-nerved ...
Outer glume tubercled, 7— 10 nerved...
Both spikelets 1-flowered

Sessile spikelet with a second flower
which is male; pedicellate one
reduced to a glume

Outer glume globose

Outer glume flat with incurved margins

Female flower in a hard white vesicle...

Female flower not in a white vesicle .

Female flowers crowded on a _ spongy
spike :

Female flowers not crowded on a = spougy
spike

. Spikelets in a simple spike, upper ones

male, lower fertile ..
Spikelets dioecious, male
clustered spike, female
among clustered bracts ee
Spikelets singly sessile or accompanied
by a rudimentary pedicel ..
Spikelets in pairs, one sessile, the other
pedicelled ... ive
Glumes acute ...
Outer glumes broad and truncate

Spikes many ; leaves deeply cordate ...

ones in
solitary

Spikes 1, 2 or many ; leaves not cordate

Both spikelets awned .

One spikelet awnless

Glume Iv more than 4 glume II or
spike solitary :

Glume Iv minute ; spikes subdigitate

Inflorescence digitate ... .

Inflorescence racemose...

Sessile spikelet hermaphrodite
All spikelets monoecious sins

Bisexual flower alone in the sessile
spikelet ...

One bisexual and one | diple.
in sessile spikelet ...

flower

34.
56.
32.
33.

35.
37.

13.

14,

Ophiurus (p.
321).
Microchloa (p.
326).
Arthraxon (p.
321).
Rottboellia — (p.
321).
32.
Manisuris (p-
321).
Ischaemum (p.
322).

Coix (p. 317).
34,

Zea (p. 317).
35.

llB. Thuaria(p.317).

12,

30.
32,

31.

28.
37.

29.

38.

37.

Spinifex (p. 317).
37.

39.
38.
Apocopis (p. 320).
Arthrazon (p.
321).
Dimeria. (p.320).
40.
42.

41.
Pollinia (p. 319).
Ischaemum (p.
322),
Pogonatherum (p.
320).

43.
FHeteropogon (p.
322).

44,

Ischaemum

(p.
322),

44,

45,

46.

47,

51.

52.

53.

58.

59.

310

Spikes sessile in pairs on a common
peduncle under each bract

Spikes not as above

Spikelet singly pedicellate, awnless or
with a straight or rarely twisted awn

Spikelets in twos or threes, one or more
pedicellate ; flowering glumes very
thin, i with a twisted awn
or rarely 0. :

No glumes otarde the nideeer ones .

Outer empty or male glumes 2-3

Spikelets unisexual, ovate

Spikelets bisexual, compressed

. Outer empty or male glumes 2

Outer empty or male glumes 3

. Awns 0-2

Awns 3, flowering glume convolute,
spikelet narrow

. Flowering glume longer than, outa g ;

leaves linear
Flowering glume shorter than one or all
of the outer or leaves ovate

Spikelets minute, 4); inch

Spikelets more than } inch
Spikelet with a callous base

Spikelet without callous base ...
Spikelets less than } inch long

Spikelets over } inch long

. Flowering glumes thicker than outer

ones .
F lowering glumes thinner than outer
ones.

. Spikelets not articulate on pedicel

Spikelets articulate on pedicel

. Outer glumes shorter than flowering ones

Outer glumes longer than flowering ones

. Flowering glume appendaged at base...

Flowering glume not appendaged at base
No setae among spikelets s
Setae present

Panicle with sheathing bracts at its
ramifications nee

Panicle without sheathing bracts at its
ramifications wee ase oes

40.

Oo

39.

15.
17.

48,

49.

16.

amor)

. Eriochloa

Cymbopogon (p.
323).

Andropogon (p.
322).

46.

59.

47.

48.
Zizania (p.317).
Leersia (p. 317).

49,

54,

50.

Aristida (p. 325).
53.

ol.

. Sphaerocaryum

(p.-317).
52.

(p.
313.)
Garnotia(p.317).
Sporobolus —(p.
325).
Oryza (p. 317).

55.
56.

. Isachne (p. 313).
57.

. Thysanolaena (p.

318).
. Arundinella (p.
318).
. Ichnanthus (p.
316).
38.

. Panicum (p.314).
. Setaria (p. 316).

60.

64,

60.

61.

63.

64.

65.

66.

67.

68.

69.

70.

71.

72.

73.

74,

3ll

Spikelets 1 sessile and 2 pee in
each bract .

Spikelets more than 3 in each ‘bract

Spike surrounded by a whorl of coals
flowers ;

Male flowers not in a whorl

- Inflorescence enclosed by cylinder at

florets

Inflorescence fanshaped,
paniculate ...

Two short spikes in fash bract

globose or

Many fascicled spikes in each bract ...

Outer glume thin, enveloped in long
silky hairs ; panicle large .. tes

Outer glume stiff, usually longer than
the outer hairs

Spikelets awned
Spikelets awnless

Rachis caniculate
Rachis filiform ...

Glumes ciliate ...

Glumes glabrous :
Spikelets in pedicellate spikes

Spikelets in he 1 sessile between 2
pedicellate ..

Spikelets all distinctly pen and
panicled .

Spikelets sessile or subsessile .

Awn long and twisted ..

Awn none or straight and short

Flowering glumes surrounded by long
dense silky hairs; tall reeds with
large panicles “ va

Spikelets glabrous or shortly hairy

Flowering glume 3-fid .. :

Flowering glume aristate

The long hairs on flowering glumes ...
The long hairs on rachis

Spikelets small with 2 flowers
Spikelets flat, with 3 or ied many
flowers one ive es

46.

45.

43,
40.

44,

25,

26.

27.

42.
39.

41,

55.

64.

62.
63.

Apluda (p. 325).
61.

62.

63.
Germainia — (p.
324),
Themeda(p.324).
Cymbopogon (p.
323).
Pseudanthistiria
(p. 324).

65.

66.
Miscanthus (p.
319).
Saccharum (p.
319).

68.

67.
Spodiopogon (p.
319).

Sorghum (p. 324).
Andropogon (p.
22),

Chrysopogon (p.
324).

70.
80.

Avena (p. 326).
71.

72.

74,

73.
Phragmites
- 328),
Arundo (p. 327).
Neyraudia = (p.

328).

75.

(p.

78.

84.

85.

86.

87.

88.

89.

90.

91.

. Spikelets in 1 or 2

312

ones shorter and unequal ;
narrow :

Panicle spreading

. Glumes keeled or hustahraped ox

Glumes convex, cup-shaped

. Spikelets ', inch

Spikelets -),—;), inch

. Flowering glumes 1-3-nerved...

Flowering glumes 5-7-nerved

. Spikelets awnless

Spikelets awned

simple panicle

Spikelets sessile, irr egularly clustered on

. Glumes of similar consistence, the outer

panicle

2 rows along ‘one side
of the spike-like branches of a

solitary ae branched mae

. Spikes digitate .. :
Spikes alternate or clustered in a long

panicle
Awns longer than glumes

glumes shortly pointed

Leaves narrow

. Spikelets awnless or with dior point

. Spikelets very flat, closely ‘iibieabod :

Spikelets narrow ; glumes obtuse

Leaves 1 inch or more broad ...

Herb with small flat spikelets...

Tall shrubby or tree-like bamboo

Leaves tessellated. with transverse veins
Leaves without Ri ai transverse

veins
Culm cylindric .. :
Culm grooved on one side

Leaves more than 1 inch broad
Leaves under 1 inch in breadth

Leaves more than 1 inch broad
Leaves under 1 inch broad

Leaves acuminate at base

Leaves truncate or subcordate at base

Thorny bamboo
Unarmed Bee

54, Coelachne (p.
326).
76.
77.
4, Isachne (p. 3138).
19. Sphaerocaryum
(p. 317).
53. Eriachne(p. 326).
65. Eragrostis (p.
328).
79,
68. Briza (p. 329).
69. Bromus (p. 330).
81.
85.
82.
84.
83.
58. Chloris (p. 327).
60. Dactyloctentum
(p. 328).
59. Eleusine (p. 327).
61. Leptochloa (p.
327).
66. Centotheca (p.
329).
65. Eragrostis (p.
328).
83.
87.
89.
88.
fas ey (p.
72, ease 331).
70. drundinaria p.
330).
- 90.
91.
73. Dendrocalamus
(p. 331).
72. Boobnsa tts 331).
72. Bambusa(p.331).

92.

92.

Ww

bo

313

Robust arborescent bamboo, 20-30 feet

high... - baie .. 72. Bambusa(p.331).
Small shrubby bamboo She .. 74, Schizostachyum
(p. 331).

1.—PASPALUM.
Key to species.

. Spikelets orbicular, obtuse... ine 2.
Spikelets ovate-oblong, acute . we 1. distichum.
Glume 11 herbaceous, Served .. 2. serobiculatum.
Glume 11 hyaline, ciliate ve 3. conjugatum.

. P. distichum, Linn. ; Hook. £. Fl. Brit. Ind. vii. 12. se Eee

Hongkong ; ; near Chaochaufu; Paksha extreme 8.
province, Fl. April—July.

. P. serobiculatum, ae Benth. Yn. Hongk. 408. Roadside near

West Point and Pokfulam, Aberdeen, Hongkong ; Castle
Peak, Hongkong New Territory ; on the bank of the Han
River, Swatow ; in a pool at the foot of the White. Cloud
hills ; West River. Fl. April.

. P. conjugatum, Berg ; Hook, f. i ce. 11. Mt. Gough, Hong-

kong. FI, July.

2.—AXONOPUS.
Key to species.

Leaves long, linear... we 1. semialatus,
Leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate ... 2 eimicinus.

. A. semialatus, Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vii. 64. Near Aberdeen,

Hongkong ; White Cloud hills, Canton. Fl. March—May.
A. cimicinus, Beauv. ; Hook. f. 1.c. 64. Happy Valley ouie
Hongkong. Fi. late Summer ?

3.—ERIOCHLOA.

. E.ramosa, Hack.; E. annulata, Kunth; Benth. Fl. Hongk.

409. Hongkong without locality ; Macao. Fl. —-—.

4.—ISACHNE.
Key to species.

Leaves narrow-lanceolate, very rough ;

outer glume glabrous _... w. 1. australis.
Leaves ovate, not 1 inch long; outer
glumes pubescent .. son we 2. firmula,

. I australis, R.Br.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 414. Hongkong

without locality ; Kuntung, Hongkong New Territory ;
edges of rice fields, ditches and stagnant pools, Canton.
El. September.

1 firmula, Buse; I. Myosotis, Benth. 1. c. 415. In damp

situations about Victoria, Hongkong. Fl, ——.

314
5.—DIGITARIA.

Key to species.

1. Spikes 1-4 inches long ee vie 2.
Spikes 6-12 inches long sis .» 1. barbata.

2. Rachis more or less flattened ... eos 3.
Rachis filiform ... ate oa eo 4,

3. Glume 11 3-nerved we 2, tenutspica.
Glume 11 5-nerved ss... - a. 3, sanguinalis.

4, Leaves lanceolate oe ww. 4, longiflora.
Leaves filiform... as ie .. 5. setifolia.

1. D. barbata, Willd. ; Panicum barbatum, Kunth ; Benth Fl. Hongk,
410. Inthe Happy Valley, Hongkong ; Pakhoi. Fl. —

2. D. tenuispica, Rendle in Hemsl. Enum. Pl. China, iii. 326.
Macao. Fl. ——.

3. D. sanguinalis, Scop.; Panicum sanguinale, Linn. ; Benth. FI.
Hongk. 410. Victoria Peak and Aberdeen, "Hongkong ;
river bank near Chaochaufu ; Canton. Fl. A pril—September.

4. D. longiflora, Pers. ; Paspalum brevifolium, Fluegg.; Benth.

1c. 408, In the Botanic Gardens, and on the racecourse,
Hongkong ; Whampoa. FI. ——.

D. setifolia, Stapf in Dyer Fl. Cap. vil. 376. Hills on the
south side of the island, Hongkong ; near Canton. Fl. May.

6.—PANICUM.
Key to species.
1. Panicle branches awned se .. 1, patens,
Panicle branches not awned_... 2.
2. Panicle simple with sessile one-sided
spike-like branches sa 3.
Panicle compound or spike-like. sis 7.
3. Spikelets alternating in 2 rows v= 2. distachyum,
Spikelets crowded or clustered : 4,
4, Spikes nearly equi-distani, forming a

. Leaves densely pubescent

long slender panicle; spikelets +,

inch, awnless ae bas we = 38. colonum.
Spikes crowded... : _ = 5.
Leaves ovate-lanceolate, broad and

amplexicaul at base ae ies 6.

Leaves linear . Crus-galli.

. villosum.
- prostratum,

Dore

Leaves nearly glabrous

. Panicle contracted into a cylindrical
spike fe 7. indicum.
Panicle compound, with slender branches
more or less spreading... 8.

. Spikelets clustered or in short spikes

along the branches.. 8. nodosum.
Spikelets distinct, all pedicellate 3-
inch long... eee i 9.

31d

. Leaves rather narrow, tapering or

rounded at the base . 10.
Leaves broad, cordate at the base 15.
10, Annual plant, erect, leafy il.
Perennial plant ... as 13.
11. Outer glume obtuse 9. psilopodium.
Outer glume acuminate 12.
12. Outer glume 3-nerved ... 12a.
Outer glume 5-nerved ... es .. 11, trypheron.
12a, Leaves at least ¥) as broad as long... —_L. patens.
Leaves at least 20 times as long as
broad ae ae ine ve» 10. humile.
13. Outer glume equal to 4 of glume 111 14,
Outer glume equal to 4 or more of
glume Ilr... se siete v.12. sarmentosum.
14, Panicle 3 to 8 inches long... w» 13. repens.
Panicle 1-2 feet long ... ue .. 14. maximum.
15. Leaves lanceloate, 4-10 inches long .... 15. montanum.
Leaves ovate-lanceolate, 2 inches long 16. brevifolium.

1. P. patens, Linn. ; Hook. f£. Fl. Brit. Ind. vii. 57. Happy Valley,
Peak Road and Causeway Bay, Hongkong ; Castle Peak,
Hongkong New Territory. FI. October.

2. P. distachyum, Zinn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 410. Aberdeen,
Hongkong. Fl. August.

3. P. colonum, Zinn.; Benth. 1c. 411. Mt. Kellet, Hongkong ;
Castle Peak, and near Kowloon City, Hongkong New
Territory ; fields near Chaochaufu. Fi. April.

4. P. Crus-galli, Zinn. ; Benth. 1.c.411. Paddy fields, Hongkong ;
Canton; Whampoa; Macao; Pakhoi. FI. June.

5. P. villosum, Lam.; Hook. £. 1. c. 34. Wongmau Islands;
Canton ; Whampoa; Macao. Fl. May to July.

6. P. prostratum, Lam.; Hook. f. 1. ¢c. 33. Whampoa, Fl, ——.

7. P. indicum, Linn.; Benth.].c.413. About Victoria and Aber-
deen, Hongkong ; Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory ;
Chaochaufu, Swatow ; Pakhoi. Fl. April—July.

8. P. nodosum, Kunth; Benth. l.c. 412. In the Happy Valley
woods, Hongkong. Fl. January.

9. P. psilopodium, Trin. ; Hook. f.1.c.46. Around Macao. Fl.—.

10. P. humile, Mees; Hook. f. 1. c. 48. Canton; Whampoa ;
Pakhoi. Fl. September.

11. P. trypheron, Schult.; Hook. f. 1. c. 47. Hongkong without
locality ; Whampoa ; Macao. Fl. ——.

12. P. sarmentosum, Roxb. ; Benth. 1.c. 412. In the wood behind
the Buddhist temple, Causeway Bay, Hongkong. FI.
December to February.

13. P. repens, Zinn. ; Benth. 1.c.412. Aberdeen, Hongkong ; near
Kowloon City, Hongkong New Territory. Fl. May.

14, P. maximum, Jacg.; Hook. f.1.c. 49. Cultivated for fodder
in Hongkong. Fl. May.

15, P. montanum, Roxb.; Benth. 1. c. 412. Hongkong without

locality ; Kuntong, Hongkong New Territory ; near Chao-
chaufu ; Canton. FI. April.

16

—_

a

316

. P. brevifolium, Linn.; P. ovalifolium, Poir.; Benth. 1. ¢. 413.
Little Hongkong woods, Hongkong; near Canton ;
Whampoa. Fl. September.

7.—-ICHNANTHUS.
. I. pallens, Munro in Benth. Fl. Hongk. 414. Prostrate in

damp shady woods, Little Hongkong woods, Hongkong ;
Canton. FI. . :

8.—OPLISMENUS.

. 0. compositus, Beauv. ; Panicum compositum, Linn. ; Benth. 1. c.
411. Causeway Bay, Mt. Gough and Aberdeen, Hong-
kong; Canton. Fl. September.

9.—SETARIA.
Key to species.
1. Panicle 1-2 feet long ... ise se Ll. mauritiana.
Panicle 1-6 inches long oe an 2.
2. Panicle lobed, drooping _— .. 2. italica.
Panicle cylindric : 3.
3. Glume smooth ... ae w= 3. viridis,
Glume rugose ... ee aioe ww» 4. glauca,

. 5. mauritiana, Spreng. ; Panicum plicatum, Lam. ; Benth. FI.
Hongk. 411. On shady banks above the Botanic Gardens,
Hongkong ; Canton. Fl. September.

. 8. italica, Beauv. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vii. 78. Cultivated
in Hongkong and the New Territory. Fl. July.

3. 8. viridis, Beauy.; Hook. f. 1. c. 80. Canton; Lofoushan.
Fl. August.

4, 8. glauca, Beauv. ; Panicum glaucum, Linn. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk.
411. Hongkong without locality ; Castle Peak, Hongkong
New Territory ; Canton; Whampoa ; Macao ; Lienchow.
Fl. August.

10.—PENNISETUM.
1

- P. compressum, R. Br.; Gymnothrix japonica, Kunth ; Benth.
Fl, Hongk. 413. Magazine Gap and Aberdeen, Hong-
kong ; Taipo and near Lowu, Hongkong New Territory ;
Canton; Whampoa; Danes’ Island; Macao; Pakhoi.
Fl. October.

11.—CHAMAERAPHIS.

. C. spinescens, Poir. ; var. Brunoniana, Hook. f£. Fl. Brit. Ind.

vii, 62. In rather deep ponds around-Canton: FI. April.

a

N

N

j=)

Et

g2

mf

317
11a. —STENOTAPHRUM.

. americanum, Schrank; S. Helferit, Munro; Hook. f. FI.

Brit. Ind. vii. 91. In watercourse, Wongneicheong,
Hongkong. Fl. October.

1is—THUAREA.

. sarmentosa, Pers.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 415. On the sands
of the seabeach, Hongkong. Fl. April ?

12._SPINIFEX.

squarrosus, Linn. ; Benth. 1.c.415. On the sands of the sea-
beach, Hongkong ; Stonecutters’ Island ; Macao. FI, July.

13.--COIX.

. Lachryma-Jobi, Zinn.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vii. 100
Victoria Peak and Aberdeen in streams, Hongkong ;
Kowloon ; Kwaisin, Hoifung, cultivated ; Macao; North
River. Fl. September—January.

14.—ZEA.

. Mays, Linn. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vii. 102. Hongkong
and Hongkong New Territory, cultivated. Fl, all the year.

15.—ZIZANITA.

aquatica, Linn.; Gray, New Man. Bot. 120. Canton,
cultivated. FI. late Summer ?

16.—_ORYZA.

. sativa, Linn. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vii. 92. Cultivated
in Hongkong, Hongkong New Territory, and Kwangtung.
Fl, June and September.

17.—LEERSIA.

. hexandra, Sw. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vii. 94. Hongkong
without locality ; Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory ;
edges of rice fields, Canton. I'l. November.

18.—GARNOTIA.

. patula, Munro ex Benth. Fl. Hongk. 416. Hongkong
without locality; hills near Chaochaufu ; Canton ;
Lofoushan. FI. April—August.

19.—SPHAEROCARYUM.

elegans, Nees; Isachne pulchella, Roth. ; Benth. 1. ¢. 414.
In waste places, Botanic Gardens, Hongkong ; Kuntong,
Hongkong New Territory ; Kwaisin, Hoifung; swamps
near Canton, Fl. October. :

bo

818

20.—ARUNDINELLA.
Key to species.

. Glume rv 3-awned Lie das sea 2.
Glume Iv l-awned oa els 3.
. Glumes 1 and 11 3-nerved oe ‘i 1. setosa.

Glumes I and 11 subequal, with three

strong and three weak nerves... 2, stnensts.
. Awn twice the length of the spikelet... 3. nepalensis.
Awn scarcely exceeding the spikelet... 4. anomala.

. A. setosa, Zrin.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 416. Aberdeen, Hong-
kong ; Canton; Lienchow River. FI. July.

. A. sinensis, Rendle in Hemsl. Enum. Pl. China, iii, 342.
Lofoushan. FI. :

. A. nepalensis, Zrin.; Benth. 1, c. 416. Hongkong without
locality ; Imtintsai, Hongkong New Territory; White
Cloud hills, Canton; Lappa Island, near Macao. FI.
November.

. A.anomala, Steud. Syn. Gram. 116. Canton. Fl. Summer.

21.—_THYSANOLAENA.

. T. Agrostis, Nees; JT. acarifera, Arn. et Nees; Benth. FI.
Hongk. 417. | Common in ravines, Hongkong ; foot of
Phoenix Mt., Swatow. Fl. April.

22.—PEROTIS.

. P. latifolia, Act. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vii. 98. | Deepwater
Bay, Hongkong ; Macao; Pakhoi. Fl. July.

23.—ZOYSIA.

Key to species.
Spikelets } inch long ... a .. 1. stniea,
Spikelets ;4, inch long... si .. 2. pungens.

. Z. sinica, Hance; Z. pungens, Munro; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 418.
Hongkong without locality ; Castle Peak, Hongkong New
Territory ; Pakhoi. Fl. May.

. 4 pungens, Villd.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vii. 99. Near
Chacchaufu. Fl. May.

24,—IMPERATA.

. I arundinacea, Cyrill.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vii. 106.
Common in Hongkong; Castle Peak and Tin-tso-ngam,

Hongkong New Territory; hills near Chaochautu ;
Ookaisa, Fl. October,

319

25.—MISCANTHUS.
Key to species.

Panicle branches fastigiate ... we Ll. stnensis,
Panicle branches eee semiver-
ticillate ... es 1. 2. japonicus.

1. M. sinensis, Anders, ; 3; Hack. in DC. Monogr. Phan. vi. 105.
Common in Hongkong on the hills ; hill near Chaochautu ;
Canton; Macao. FI. October.

2. M. japonicus, Anderss.; Hack. 1. c. 107. Hongkong without
locality ; Whampoa. FI. January—June.

26.—SACCHARUM.
Key to species.

1, Stem silky below panicle 2.
Stem glabrous ... 3.
2. Hairs on callus many times longer than
spikelet ... 1. spontaneum.
Hairs shorter or not much longer than
spikelet ... 2. Narenga.
3. Callus hairs much longer than spikelet 3. officinarum.
Callus hairs shorter than spikelet ... 4. arundinaceum.

1. 8. spontaneum, Linn. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vii. 118. Near San-
wai, Hongkong New Territory ; Canton. FI. September.
2, 8. Narenga, Ham.; Hook. f. 1. c. 120. Canton; Lienchow
‘ River. Fl. October.
3. 8. officinarum, Zinn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 419, Cultivated in
Hongkong, Hongkong New Territory, and Kwangtune.
tL——,
. 8. arundinaceum, Aet:.; Hook. f. 1. c. 119. Frequent in
ravines, Hongkong; Whampoa; Pakhoi. Fl. ——.

i

27.—-SPODIOPOGON.
1. 8. sibiricus, Zrin.; Hack. in DC. Monogr, Phan. vi, 183.
Lienchow River. Fil. August.
28.—POLLINIA.
Key to species.

1, Leaves conspicuously contracted into

petiole cr ns 2.
Leaves not conspicuously contracted
into petiole sie sae ae 4,
2. Anthers very long we sis .- 1, ciliata,
Anthers } inch long or less... oe 3.
3. Spike + inch long aise ie .» 2. cantonensis,

Spike 3 inch long wes os re 8, tmberbis,

3820

. Glume I conspicuously awned in sessile

spikelet ... re ihe .. 4, articulata.
Glume II not or very shortly awned in
sessile spikelet _... 5

. Basal sheaths naked or hirsute, not

woolly +.. at ee wee 6.
Basal sheaths woolly ... as we 5, speciosa.

. Joints of inflorescence subclavate ... 6. grata.

Joints of inflorescence slender... w. = 7. quadrinervis,

. P. ciliata, Trin. ; P. tenuis, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 421. Common

about Victoria, Hongkong; Whampoa. Fl. October,
November.

. cantonensis, Rendle in Hemsl. Enum, Pl. China, iii. 354.
Canton. FI. October to January.

. imberbis, Vees ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vii. 117. In damp
places around Canton. FI. October to January.

. articulata, Trin. ; Hook. f. 1c. 109. Canton ; Whampoa.
Fl. September to October. :

. speciosa, Hack.; Hook. f.1.c.113. Mt. Kellet, Hongkong ;
White Cloud hills, Canton. Fl. September.

. grata, Hack. in DC. Monogr. Phan. vi. 174. Canton.

1, ——.

. quadrinervis, Hack. ; P. villosa, Munro in Benth. F 1. Hongk.

420. Mt. Victoria, Hongkong ; Macao. FI. late Summer

yd WV Ww ww w

29.—POGONATHERUM.

P. saccharoideum, Beauv.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vii. 141.
Aberdeen and Mt. Victoria, Hongkong; Castle Peak
and Kuntong, Hongkong New Territory; hills near
Chaochaufu ; Canton; Macao. FI. April—September.

80.—APOCOPIS.

A. Wightii, Nees; A. Werightii, Munro in Benth, Fl. Hongk.
421. Hongkong without locality ; Cumsingmoon (Capsui-
mun), Hongkong New Territory ; Whampoa; Canton;
Lofoushan. Fl. September.

31.—DIMERIA.
Key to species.

Spikes 2 or 3 together ... 25 .» 1. falcata.
Spikes solitary ... Rar a vee 2. stnensis.

1. D. faleata, Hack. ; D. fuscescens, Munro in Benth, Fl. Hongk.

419, Mt. Victoria, Hongkong ; Kuntong, Hongkong
New Territory ; near Canton. FL. September.

2. D. sinensis, Rendle in Hemsl. Enum, Pl, China, iii, 359,

‘Canton, Fl, ——,

del

32.—-ARTHRAXON.

1. A. ciliaris, Beauv. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vii. 145. Victoria
Peak and Mt. Gough, Hongkong ; Castle Peak, Hongkong
New Territory ; hills near Chaochaufu ; Canton ; Whampoa.
Fl, April—September.

33.—ROTTBOELLIA.
Key to species.

1. Back of sessile spikelet conspicuously

tessellated .... ... Boe ve lL. mollicoma.
Back of sessile spikelet not con-
spicuously tessellated aes : 2.

2. Spikes compressed ; slender plant with
glabrous leaves... oF -
Spikes cylindric; large coarse plant
with usually hairy leaves ... «3, ewaltata,

1, R. mollicoma, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1871, 134. Whampoa;
Lofoushan. Fl. August—October.

2. R. compressa, Linn. 7.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vii. 153.
Aberdeen, Hongkong; Canton. Fl. July.

3. R. exaltata, Linn. f.; Hook. f. 1. c. 156. Little Hongkong
and Aberdeen, Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong New
Territory; Whampoa; Macao; Lienchow River. Fl. August.

2. compressa.

34.—OPHIURUS.

1. 0. monostachyus, J. S. Presi; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 417. Hong-
kong without locality. FI. October.

35._MANISURIS.

1, M. granularis, Zinn.; Hack. in DC. Monogr. Phan. vi. 314.
Whampoa ; Lienchow River. Fl. August.

36.—EREMOCHLOA.

Key to species.

Outer glume not winged, fringed with
bristles aa ies 1. leersioides.

Outer glume winged at ‘top biog w. 2, ophiuroides.

1. E. leersioides, Hack.; Ischaemum leersioides, Munro ; Benth.
Fl. Hongk. 425. Aberdeen, Hongkong ; Kowloon catch-
water,Castle Peakand Kuntong, Hongkong New Territory ;
Canton; Whampoa; Sam Cock’s Island near Macao ;
West River. Fl. August.

2, E. ophiuroides, Hack. ; Ischaemum ophiuroides, Munro; Benth,
l.c,425, Cape d’ Aguilar, Hongkong; Whampoa. FI, August.

21515 s

322

37.—-ISCHAEMUM.
Key to species.

. Margins of outer glume of sessile

spikelet broadly incurved below

middle se ss ies fe 1. eciliare.
Margins of that glume narrowly iuflexed
throughout a 2.

Outer glume closely transversely ridged 2. rugosum.
Outer glume nearly flat, nodular at edge 3. aristatum.

. Leiliare, Retz. ; Spodiopogon obliquivalvis, Nees; Benth. FI.

Hongk. 426. Mt. Victoria and Botanic Gardens, Hong-
kong ; Kuntong, Castle Peak, Kowloon catchwater, Lantao
Island, Cape Syngmoon (Capsuimun), Hongkong New
Territory ; hills near Canton; Lofoushan; Ookaisa ;
Pakhoi. Fl. September.

. L rugosum, Salzsd. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit, Ind. vii. 127. Whampoa;

Pakhoi ; Lienchow River. Fl. October.

. Laristatum, Zinn.; I. barbatum, Retz.; Benth. Fl. Hongk.

425. Victoria Peak and Aberdeen New Road, Hongkong;
Lantao Island, Kuntong and Taipo Road, Hongkong New
Territory ; Canton ; Macao ; Pakhoi; North River. FI.
September.

38.—HETEROPOGON.

. H. contortus, Beauv.; H. hirtus, Pers.; Benth. 1. ¢. 424.

Pokfulam Road, Aberdeen, Little Hongkong and Mt.
Victoria, Hongkong; Kuntong, Fotaumun, Hongkong
New Territory ; Canton; Whampoa. Fl. September.

39.--ANDROPOGON.

Key to species.

1. Pedicel of spike enclosed in spathiform
leaf-sheaths sie aa ae 2.
Pedicel of spike not enclosed in spathi-
form leaf-sheaths ... sir is 3.
2. Pedicelled spikelet smaller than sessile 4

Pedicelled spikelet greater than sessile 1. fastigiatus,

3. Rachis and pedicels of upper spikelets
with translucent channel ... a 6.
Rachis and pedicels of upper spikelets
opaque oes vee ane ate 9.
4, Sessile spikelets } inch long ... ane 5.
Sessile spikelets } inch long ... w. 10. Airtiflorus.
5. Inflorescence enveloped in broad spathe-

like sheath ... ar er a 2. fragilis.
Inflorescence not enveloped in broad
spathe-like sheath .., ae + 3, brevifolium,

323

6. Spike with many pairs of spikelets ... (e
Spike with 1-3 (4) spikelets ... we 8
7. Spikes digitate or fascicled, lower ones

longer than rachis of inflorescence 4. Ischaemum.
Spikes much shorter than rachis of
inflorescence es ive w. 5, intermedius,
8. Stem 2-3 ft. high sa ace we 6. micranthus.
Stem 6-12 ft. high ... ee 7. assimilis,
9. Stalked spikelet neuter, unawne 8. annulatus.
Stalked spikelet bisexual, awned 9. vagans.

1. A. fastigiatus, Sw.; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vii.167. Macao, Fl.—.
2. A. fragilis, R. Br.; Benth. Fl. Austral. vii. 535. French
Island, Whampoa. Fl. September.
A. brevifolius, Sw.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 423. Hongkong with-
out locality ; Canton; Whampoa. Fl. September. __

4, A. Ischaemum, Linn.; Hook. f.1.c.171. Castle Peak, Hong-

kong New Territory ; Canton; Whampoa. Fl. October.
A. intermedius, R. Br.; A. Vachellii, Nees ; Benth, |. c. 423.
On roadsides at Aberdeen and Mt. Victoria, Hongkong ;
Macao. “Fl. August.

6. A. micranthus, Kunth; A. montanus, Benth. |. c. 423. Hong-
kong without locality; Ngaushiwan, Hongkong New
Territory ; Canton; Whampoa. FI. August.

7. A. assimilis, Steud.; Hook. f.1.c.179. Upper slopes of the
hills, Hongkong, without locality ; Canton ; White Cloud
hills, Canton. Fl. October.

8, A. annulatus, Forsk.; Hook. f. 1. ¢. 196. Hongkong without
locality ; near Chaochaufu ; Canton. Fl. April.

9, A. vagans, Rendle in Hemsl. Enum. Pl. China, iii. 375. Ravine
of the White Cloud hills, Canton; Whampoa. Fl. Nov-
ember.

10. A. hirtiflorus, Kunth; A. zeylanicus, Arn. ex Benth. 1. c. 423.
Aberdeen, Hongkong; Cape Syngmoon (Capsuimun),
Hongkong New Territory; dry hills near Canton ;
Whampoa, Fl. October.

40.—CYMBOPOGON.
Key to species.

Outer glume of sessile spikelet longi-

tudinally cleft in the centre we» L. Schoenanthus.
Outer glune of sessile spikelet not

longitudinally cleft in the centre... 2. Nardus.

1. C. Schoenanthus, Spreng.; Andropogon Martini, Benth. Fl.
Hongk. 424. Quarry Bay, Hongkong ; Lantao Island,
Hongkong New Territory ; Canton ; Whampoa; Macao ;
Lofoushan. FI, August.

2. C. Nardus, Rendle ; Andropogon Nardus, Linn.; Hook. f. Fl.
Brit. Ind. vii. 205. Mt. Victoria and Aberdeen, Hong-
kong ; Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory ; Canton ;
Danes’ Island, Whampoa ; Lienchow River. Fl. September.

21515 x 2

—

bo

—

324
41.—-CHRYSOPOGON.

Key to species.

Callus very long acicular et .. L. aciculatus.
Callus not very long nor acicular ....— 2. stnensis.

C. aciculatus, Z'rin.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 424. Common in
Hongkong ; at Fanling and elsewhere, Hongkong New
Territory ; Macao; Pakhoi; Lofoushan. Fl. June.

C. sinensis, Rendle in Hemsl. Enum. PI. China, iii. 368. Pakhoi.
Fl. July.

42.—-SORGHUM.
Key to species.

. Joints, pedicelsand callus shortly villous

with purple or rufous hairs we Ll. fulvum.
Joints, pedicels and callus shortly villous

but not with purple or rufous hairs 2.
Rachis of spike tenacious sie .. 2, vulgare.
Rachis of spike fragile ... a8 w+ 3. halepense.

. 8. fulvum, Beauv. ; Andropogon tropicus, Spreng. ; Benth. Fl.

Hongk. 423. Near filter beds, Kowloon, Hongkong New
Territory ; Canton. FI. August.

8. vulgare, Pers.; Andropogon Sorghum, Hack.; Stapf in
Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vii. 184. Waste ground near
Canton ; Lienchow River. FI]. August.

8. halepense, Pers. ; Andropogon halepensis, Brot. ; Hook. f.
lc. 182. Mt. Gough, Hongkong; Lienchow River ;
North River. Fl. August.

43.—_THEMEDA.
Key to species.

Involucrant spikelets inserted ona level 1. triandra.
Involucrant spikelets in superposed pairs 2. gigantea.

T. triandra, Forsk.; Anthistiria imberbis, Retz. ; Hook. £. Fl.
Brit. Ind. vii. 211. Lienchow River. Fl. August.

T. gigantea, Hack. ; Anthistiria gigantea, Cav. ; Hook.f. 1. ¢.
216. Castle Peak, Hongkong New Territory ; common
on the hills near Canton. Fl, May to October.

44.—PSEUDANTHISTIRIA.
P. heteroclita, Hook. f. 1. c. 219. Hongkong. Fl. November.

45.—-GERMAINIA.

G.capitata, Bul. et Poitr.; Hack. in DC. Monogr. Phan. vi. 686,
White Cloud hills, Canton. FI. September,

325

46.—APLUDA.

. A mutica, Linn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 422. Victoria Peak,
Mt. Kellet, Mt. Gough, and Causeway Bay, Hongkong ;
Cindvinkers’ Bay ; Taimoshan and Castle Peak, Hong-
kong New Territory; Canton; Whampoa; Macao ;
Pybus Island. Fl, September—December.

47.—_ALOPECURUS.
Key to species.

. Paleae 2 be ies as we 1, japonicus.
Palea 1 se se “a sive ‘

. Glumes free... fe Bs we = 2. aequatis.
Glumes connate half way up ... .. 3, agrestis,

. A. japonicus, Steud. Syn. Glum. 149. Hongkong without
locality. ‘Fl. early Summer ?

. A. aequalis, Sobol. ; A. geniculatus, Linn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk.
408. Hongkong without locality ; fields near Swatow ;
a common weed of cultivated ground, Canton. Fl. April.

3. A. agrestis, Zinn.; Benth. 1 c. 407. Hongkong without

locality. Fl. early Summer ?

48.—ARISTIDA.
Key to species.

Spikelet }-4 inch long without awn ... l. chinensis.
Spikelet 74,—-} inch long without awn... 2. Cumingiana.

. A. chinensis, Munro ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 427. Aberdeen, Hong-
kong; Cumsingmoon; Canton; Whampoa. FI. August.
2. A. Cumingiana, Trin. et Rupr.; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vii. 224.
Steep rocks near the sea between Aberdeen and Victoria,
Hongkong ; dry stony hills, Canton. FI. October.

49.—SPOROBOLUS.
Key to species.

. Panicle branches crowded with flowers
to base sae a <a cai 2.
Panicle branches with base usually bare 1. déandrus.
. Glumes 1, 11 and 111 nearly equal... 2. Hancev.
Glumes I equal to fof UI... 1. 8, indicus.

. 8. diandrus, Beauv. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vii. 247. Macao;
Pakhoi. FI. November to December. ~

. 8. Hancei, Rendle in Hemsl. Enum. Pl. China, ui. 387.
Canton. Fl. May. :

. 8. indicus, R. Br.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 426. In Botanic
Gardens, Mt. Victoria and common on roadsides, Hong-
kong ; Castle Peak, Hongkong New Territory ; Canton ;
Whampoa. Fl, April—September.

326

50.—POLY POGON.
Key to species.

Awn equal to or shorter than the glume 1. Littoralts.
Awn much longer than the glume... 2. monspeliensis.

1. P. littoralis, Smith; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 427. Hongkong
without locality ; Canton. Fl. ——.

2. P. monspeliensis, Ves/; Hook.f. Fl. Brit, Ind. vii. 245. River
bank near Chaochaufu. Fl. April.

51.—CALAMAGROSTIS.

1. G. epigeios, Roth.; Hook. f. 1. c. 260. Lofoushan at 3100 ft.
Fl. August.

52.—DEYEUXIA.

1. D. sylvatica, Kunth; Hook. £. 1. ¢. 266. Near the Lienchow
River. Fl. late Summer ?

53.—ERIACHNE.

1, E. pallescens, R. Br.; Hook. f. 1. ¢. 269. Top of mountains,
Hongkong ; Kuntong, Hongkong New Territory ; French
Island ; Whampoa; Danes’ Island ; hills north of Canton.
FJ. September.

54.—COELACHNE.

1. C. pulchella, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 430. In a ditch at Little
Hongkong, Hongkong; paddy field at Kowloon, Hong-
kong New Territory; pools at the foot of the White
Cloud hills, Canton. Fl. December, January.

55.—AVENA.

1, A. fatua, Linn. ; Benth. 1. c. 430. In waste, rubbishy places,
Hongkong. Fl. Summer.

56.—MICROCHLOA.

l. M. setacea, R. Br.; Benth. 1. c. 428. Hongkong without
locality ; near Chaochautu ; turfy places at the edges of
bare rocks near Whampoa. Fl. April.

57.—CY NODON.
1. C. Dactylon, Pers.: Benth. 1. c. 428. Common in Hongkong,

and in Hongkong New Territory ; on roadsides ; Macao.
Fl. late Summer ?

327

58.—CHLORIS.
Key to species.

1. Spikelets, including awns, over + inch

long no as wae ues 2.
Spikelets under 5 inch ie ... 3. Swartziana.
2. Spikelet 2-awned ail ile w. 1. virgata.
Spikelet 3-awned ee es .. 2. barbata.

1. C. virgata, Sw. ; Hook. £. Fl. Brit. Ind. vii. 291. Hongkong
without locality. Fl. Summer.

2. C. barbata, Sw. ; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 429. On the seabeach at
Chaiwan, Hongkong; Kowloon; Kowloon catchwater,
Hongkong New Territory ; Macao. Fl. August.

3. C. Swartziana, Doell in Mart. Fl. Bras. ii. 111.68. In bamboo
groves along the lower Han River, Swatow. Fl. May.

59.—ELEUSINE.
Key to species.

Leaves broad... ie a we so. coracana.
Leaves narrow ... ‘ sy ... «2, indica.

1. E. coracana, Gaertn. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vii. 294. Culti-
vated in Hongkong New Territory ; Lienchow. FI. July.

2. EB. indica, Gaertn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 429. Wet places in
the Happy Valley and Victoria Peak, Hongkong ; Kow-
loon ; Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory ; Shameen,
Canton; Lienchow. FI. August.

60.—DACT YLOCTENIUM.

1. D. aegyptiacum, Willd.; Benth. 1.c. 429. | Robinson Rd. and
Aberdeen, Hongkong; Taimoshan and Waglan Island,
Hongkong New Territory ; paddy fields near Chaochaufu ;
Whampoa. Fl. July.

'

61.-LEPTOCHLOA.
Key to species.

Spikelet 2-3-flowered ... sal w= 1. filiformis.
Spikelet 4—6-flowered ... ae .. 2, chinensis.

1. L. filiformis, Roem. et Schult. ; Hook. f£. Fl. Brit. Ind. vii, 298.
Botanic Gardens, Hongkong ; Macao. Fl. ——.

2, L. chinensis, Nees ; Hook. f. l.c. 299. Aberdeen, Hongkong ;
Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory ; Canton; Wham-
poa; Lienchow. FI. July.

62.—ARUNDO.

1, A. Donax, Linn. ; Hook. f.1.c¢.302. Plovers’ Cove, Hongkong
New Territory ; Whampoa. FI. December.

328
63.—NEYRAUDIA.

. N. madagascariensis, Hook. f. ; Arundo madagascariensis, Kunth ;
Benth. Fl. Hongk. 427. Common in Hongkong ; Canton ;
Whampoa ; Macao. Fl. November.

64.—PHRAGMITES.
Key to species.

Panicle and glumes not spreading much 1. communis.
Panicle and glumes widely spreading... 2. Karka.

P. communis, 7rin. ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind, vii. 303. Near
Canton ; banks of the Canton River. FI. October.

. P. Karka, Trin. ; Hook. f. 1. c. 304. Muddy bank near Chaiwan,

Hongkong ; in mud, Lantao Island and Castle Peak,
Hongkong New Territory ; muddy banks of the Canton
River Fi. October.

65.—ERAGROSTIS.
Key to species.

. Spikelets not ,), inch long, very
numerous in a narrow but speading
panicle, axis of spikelets articulate 2.
Spikelets 2-4 inch long, axis not
articulate ... ia os wee 3.
. Paleae glabrous l. interrupta.
Paleae ciliate with long spreading hairs 2. tenella.
. Leaves very hairy 3. pilosissima.
Leaves glabrous or nearly so . : 4,
. Unopened spikelets more than 7! qe inch
broad. ie 5.
Unopened spikelets less than ES inch
broad Sue ee 6.

5. Many spikelets sessile or subsessile ... 4. major.
Spikelets never sessile or subsessile ... 5. amabilis.

6. Panicle cylindric se aoe 038 7.
Panicle more or less diffuse... 08 8,

7. Panicle branches short spreading 6. geniculata.
Panicle branches long erect ... .. 7. pilosa,

8. Many spikelets sessile . aks .. 8 elongata.
Few spikelets if any sessile... sie 9.

9. Spikelets usually brown or pepe we 9. elegantula.
Spikelets usually green ne aus 10.

10. Leaves narrow involute ac ... 10. stenophylla.

Leaves } inch or wider, flat... wee 11. minor.

1, E. interrupta, Beauv.; EE. tenella, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 431.

Hongkong without locality ; "Lantao Island, Hongkong

New Territory ; Canton ; Whampoa ; North River. Fl.
December,

10.

11.

329

E. tenella, Roem. et Schult.; E. plumosa, Benth. 1. c. 431,
Litile Hongkong, Hongkong ; Taimoshan, Hongkong New
Territory ; Chaochaufu ; Canton; Pakhoi. Fl. August.

E. pilosissima, Link.; Benth. 1. c. 432. Victoria Peak and
Happy Valley, Hongkong; Kowloon; Kuntong, Hong-
kong New Territory ; White Cloud hills, Canton ; Wham-
poa ; Macao; Lofoushan. FI. September.

E. major, Host; Stapf in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vii. 320.
River bank near Chaochaufu ; Lienchow River; Lofou-
shan. FI. April—August.

BE. amahbilis, Wright et Arn.; E. unioloides, Nees; Benth. FI.
Hongk. 432. Happy Valley, Hongkong ; Quarry village,
and ‘Three Fathoms’ Cove, Hongkong New 'lerritory ;
Whampoa; Pakhoi; North River; Lofoushan. FI.
September.

E. geniculata, Nees; Benth. |. c. 433. Mt. Victoria, Hong-
kong; in gardens near Chaochaufu; Canton; Pakhoi ;
North River. Fl. April-October.

E. pilosa, Beauv.; Benth. 1. c. 432. Aberdeen, Hongkong ;
Canton; Whampoa. FI. September.

E. elongata, Jacg.; E. zeylanica, Nees; Benth. 1. c. 433.
Racecourse, Happy Valley, roadside West Point, Little
Hongkong, and Aberdeen, Hongkong ; Taimoshan, Taipo
Road, and Quarry village, Hongkong New Territory ;
Canton ; Whampoa. Fl. September.

E. elegantula, Steud. ; Stapf in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vii. 318.
Lamtong Island, Hongkong ; Hongkong New Territory
without locality ; White Cloud hills, Canton; Pakhoi ;
Lienchow. Fl. May to September.

E. stenophylla, Hochst.; Stapf 1. c. 318. Aberdeen,.and on
hillsides in small tufts and along mountain rivulets in
crevices of rocks, Hongkong. Fl. July.

E. minor, Host; Stapf 1. c. 321. Hill near Chaochaufu ;
Lienchow. Fl. April.

66.—CENTOTHECA.

lappacea, Vesv. in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vii. 332. Happy
Valley woods, and on roadside above Taihang village,
Hongkong ; Kowloon and Castle Peak, Hongkong New
Territory ; White Cloud hills, Canton. Fl. October-
December.

2

67.—LOPHATHERUM.

. gracile, Brongn.; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 433. Happy Valley
woods, Aberdeen and Magazine Gap, Castle Peak, Hong-
kong New Territory ; in the wood of the White Cloud
monastery, Canton, Fl. August.

a

68.—BRIZA.

. B.elegans, Osbech, Resa, 246. Near Canton. Fl. April to June.

330)

69.—BROMUS.

. B. asper, Jurr.; Stapf in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vii. 358,
Putoy Island in sand of the seashore, Hongkong. FI.

Summer ?
70.—_ARUNDINARIA.
Key to species.

. Leaf petioled ... ie — as 2.

Leaf not petioled as ike ... Ll. flexuosa.
. Sheath striate ss eee ms 3.

Sheath smooth and polished... ... 2 sinica,
. Leaves under 3 inches long... v.38. nitida.

Leaves over 6 inches long... we = 4, Hindsiz.

. A. flexuosa, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1876, 339. Danes’ Island,
Whampoa. Fl. May.

. A. sinica, Hance; A. Wightii, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 434. Mt.
Victoria and Happy Valley woods, Hongkong ; Yit-hai,
Swatow ; Loting River. FI. April.

. A. nitida, Mitford ; Stapf in Kew Bull. 1896, 20. Top of the
Phoenix Mt., Swatow. Fl. April.

. A. Hindsii, Munro in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxxi. 31. Mt. Victoria,
Conduit Road and Wongneichong, Hongkong. Fl. April.

71—PHYLLOSTACHYS.
Key to species.

. Spikelets in nest-like bunches ... we Le nidularia.
Spikelets in ample panicles... we 2.

. Spikelets 6-7-flowered ... ges .. 2, Maudiae.
Spikelets 2-3-flowered ... vis w= 38. Nevinit.

. P. nidularia, Munro in Gard. Chron. 1876. ii. 773. Macao.
Fl. March and April.

. P. Maudiae, Dunn sp. n., P. Nevini?, Hance affinis, spiculis
6-7-floris distincta.

Gramen arborescens, 3-10 m. altum, culmo gracile ad 2 cm.
diam. nitente flavo, ligno crassitudine 3 cm., uno latere
sulcato, ramulis fortiter angulatis. Folia linearia, apice in
acumen pungens gradatim angustata, basi breviter
acuminata, in petiolum 3-6 mm. longum attenuata, glabra,
margine obscure serrulata, tesselata, infra glauca ; foliorum
vaginae laeves, apice auriculatae longe barbatae ; culmi
vaginae foliis reductis inclusis 14-17 cm. longae, extus
opacae, striatae, intus laevissimae. Paniculae ad nodos
superiores fasciculatae, paniculam terminalem compositam
magnam formantes, cum pedunculis 30-40 cm. longae,
pedunculo quoque vaginis foliorum rudimentariorum
vestito. Spiculae in panicula 5-11, 3°5-4°5 cm. longae,
pedicellis 3-4-plo longiores. Glumae 8-9, ovatae, acutae,
mucronatae, ciliatae, paullo puberulae ; 2 inferiores vacuae ;
infima 8 mm. longa, 9-venia ; proxima ut fertiles 1°1—1'2 cm.

331

longa ; florum gluma inferior 11-venia, superior aequilonga,
bicarinata, membranacea, fere evenia ; lodiculae 3, glumis
bis breviores, spathulatae, fimbriatae. Stamina 3, basi
sagittata. Stylz 3, plumosi.

Forming extensive groves on the dry hills at Yit-hai, between
the Phoenix Mountain and the river Han. Maud Dunn,
11.4.1909. ‘The Bamboos are regarded by the Chinese as
emblems of feminine grace, I therefore name this species
after its discoverer, my wife, who accompanied me
on my Han Expedition as'on all my others in the far Hast.
Fl. April.

2. P. Nevinii, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1876, 295. Danes’ Island,

Whampoa. Fl. March.

72.—BAMBUSA.

Key to species.

. Veins tessellated “es sisi wwe 1. Cantori.
Veins not tessellated ... wr ee 2.

. Stem thorny... sa wi sats 4,
Stem unarmed ... ii : “3.

. Floral leaves subcordate 2. Beecheyana.
Floral leaves narrowed below ... 3. tuldoides.

. Tree eae ae viet oes 4, Blumeana.
Shrub... vai sas 5. flexuosa.

. B. Cantori, Munro in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxvi. 111. Lantao
Island. FI. A

. B. Beecheyana, Munro |, c. 108. Canton ; Ookaisa in woods.
FI). January.

. B. tuldoides, Munro; B. Tulda, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 434.
Common in Hongkong, and frequently planted; on the
river bank, Chaochaufu ; Canton. Fl. April—August.

. B. Blumeana, Schuiltes f.; Stapf in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vii.
394. Banks of the Han River, Swatow. Fl. April.

. B. fleuxosa, Munro 1. c. 101. Hongkong without locality ;
near Canton. Fl. Winter.

73.— DENDROCALAMDUS.

. D. latiflorus, Munro; Bambusa verticillata, Benth. Fl. Hongk.
434, Little Hongkong, Hongkong; Kowloon City,
Hongkong New Territory ; Yit-hai, Han valley ; Lien-
chow River. Fl. August—November.

74.—_SCHIZOSTACHY UM.

. 8. dumetorum, Munro; Benth. 1. c. 435. Common on the hills,
Hongkong ; near Kowloon reservoir, Hongkong New
Territory. Fl. April.

bo

332

VASCULAR CRYPTOGAMS.

Key to Natural Orders.

. Small floating plants or land

plants with quadrifoliate
leaves . “a

Land plants, never with quads
foliate leaves .

. Stems hollow, without “Teaves,

branches whorled with sheaths
at the joints

Stems solid, with leaves (except
Psilotum), branches not whorled

. Leaves with copious and often

complicated venation or not
scale-like and imbricate

Leaves scale-like, imbricate, with
a single central vein ...

. Leaves all round the stem send

usually uniform
Leaves in four rows and Sim
phous ...

1.—FILICES.
Key to genera.

Capsules with a complete ring

Ring of capsules incomplete or 0,
climbing or aquatic fern or
fronds over 6 feet long or
fertile and leafy parts distinct

. Capsules with a transverse ring ;

creeping or translucent fern
Capsules with a vertical ring

. Involucre absent; stem dichoto-

mous ; creeping fern.. ts
Involucre cup-shaped ; stem not
dichotomous ; translucent fern
Hair-like receptacle prolonged
beyond the involucre..
Receptacle not prolonged ‘beyond
the involucre ... es

. Involucre present ..

Involucre absent ...

. Involucre holding the capsules

against the fronds
Involucre keeping the capsules
free from the fronds ..

. Trunk spiny

Trunk not spiny a

5. Rhizocarpeae (p. 359).

2.

2. Equisetaceae (p. 357).

3.

1. Filices.

4.
3. Lycopodiaceae(p. 357).
4, Selaginellaceae(p.358).

31.
3.
5.
1. Gleichenia (p. 334).
4,

6. Trichomanes (p. 335).

5. Hymenophyllum (p.
335).

22.
8,
1.

. Cyathea (p. 334).
‘i Dicksonia (p. 335).

16.

17,

18.
19.

20.

21,

22.
23.
24,
25,
26.
27.
28.

333

. Involucres marginal or sub-
marginal :
Involucres not marginal ¢ or sub-
marginal

. Involucres cup- -shaped

Involucres not cup-shaped

. Involucres linear, continuous

Involucres oblong, not continuous

. Involucres opening outwards

Involucres opening inwards

. Involueres reaching nearly to the

midrib ee
Involucres not reaching nearly to to
the midrib :
Fronds deltoid; involucre narrow
Fronds not deltoid

. Involueres more or less toothed

Involucres not toothed

. Involucres linear, parallel to midrib

Involucres linear or not, not parallel
to midrib ies

Sori midway between midrib and
edge of frond ..

Sori close to midrib we

Sori quite close to midrib;
volucres continuous ...

Sori near midrib ; involucres not
continuous és

Involucres linear, on veins

Involucres orbicular or reniform

Involucres orbicular, peltate

Involucres reniform, attached by
one side a ss

Fronds simple, entire

Fronds pinnate or compound :

Fronds pinnate, pinnae articulate
on the rachis ...

in-

Fronds pinnate or compound,
pinnae not articulate...
Tree fern ...

Not tree fern

Fronds pinnate :

Fronds bi- or tripinnate ...

Sori in linear masses

Sori not in linear masses...

Sori marginal

Sori not marginal...

Fronds simple, entire

Fronds tri- or more-pinnatifid

Sori parallel to midrib...

Sori on veins, not parallel to midrib

Sori spread all over under surface
of fronds ae eats ak

Do

ll.

20.

26.

28.
24,
29.
25.

31.

9.

15.

. Davailia (p. 336).
10

1l.

. Adiantum (p. 338).
. Lindsaya (p. 337).
12.

- Onychium (p. 339).

13.
14,

. Pteris (p. 339).
. Cheilanthes (p. 338).
. Pellaea (p. 339).

16.

18.

. Lomaria (p. 341).
17.

. Blechnum (p. 341).

. Woodwardia (p. 341).
. Asplenium (p. 341).
19

. Aspidium (p. 345).

20.

2. Oleandra (p. 349).
21.

. Nephrolepis (p. 349).

Pe (p. 346).

Fk
Brainea (p. 353).
Alsophila (p. 334).

25.

28.

26.

27.
Vittaria (p. 354).
Nothochlaena (p. 353).
Drymoglossum(p.354).
Gynmogramme(p.353).

Acrostichum (p. 354),

334

Sori not spread all over under
surface of fronds... au 29.

29. Sori round ae sae ... 23. Polypodium (p. 350).
Sori oblong or reticulated ae 30.
30. Sori oblong wae ees .. 27. Meniscium (p. 353).
Sori reticulated... ies ..» 80. Hemionitis (p. 354).
31. Capsules with an incomplete ring 32.
Capsules without a ring ... 34.
32. Aquatic annual ... oe .. 14, Ceratopteris (p. 341).
Perennial not aquatic .... ne 33.
33. Capsules 2-valved ; stems climbing 33. Lygodium (p. 356).
Capsules 2-valved ; stemsnot climb-
ing wet ue .. 32, Osmunda (p. 355).
34. Large plant ; fronds 6 ft. long or
more ... at a w. 84. Angiopteris (p. 355).
Small plant; fronds under 1 foot
long... wae sate .- 35, Ophioglossum (p. 356).
1.—GLEICHENIA.
Key to species.
Stipes copiously bipinnate .... we Le longissima.
Stipes not bipinnate ... we .-. 2, dichotoma,
1. G. longissima, B/.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. 12. In Glenealy

bo

oo

ravine, near Causeway Bay and in ravines on Mt. Nicholson,
Hongkong ; Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory ;
Kwaisin, Hoifung ; stream near Chaochaufu, Swatow.

. G. dichotoma, Willd. ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 15. Abundant in

Hongkong ; common in the Hongkong New Territory ;
hills near Chaochaufu, Swatow.

2.—CYATHEA.

. C. spinulosa, Wall.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 23. On bank above

Robinson Road, Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hongkong
New Territory ; Lienchow River ; Lofoushan ; E. River.

3.—ALSOPHILA.
Key to species.

. Fronds 14 ft. long ike is w+ 1. denticulata,
Fronds much longer... ies ie 2.

. Pinnules entire or serrate es .. 3. podophylla.
Pinnules deeply pinnatifid ... .» 2, tomentosa.
A. denticulata, Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1885, 102. Taimoshan at

2500 ft., Hongkong New Territory.

A. tomentosa, Hook. ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. 42. Naturalised
in the Glenealy ravine, Hongkong.

A. podophylla, Hook. ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 43. Happy Valley,
Washerman’s Ravine, Foot of Victoria Peak, Mt. Gough,
Mt. Parker, and south of Sheko Gap, Saiwan. Hongkong ;
Madénshan and Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory ;
near Swatow,

_

330
4.—DICKSONIA.

. D. Barometz, Link ; Hook. et Bak.1.c. 49. Common in ravines,

Hongkong; ‘laimoshan, Hongkong New Territory ;
Lofoushan.

5.-HYMENOPHYLLUM.
Key to species.

. Fronds about 6 inches long... i 2.
Fronds under 3 inches long... ot 3.
. Rachis winged to the base... w. 8, javanicum.

Rachis not. winged 2. polyanthos.

. Stalk very short ; frond bipinnatifid Sa. oe oxydon.

Stalk about 1 inch long ; frond tripin-

natifid des z l. tenellum.

. H. tenellum, Kuhn; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. 57. Taimoshan,

1
Hongkong New Territory.

2. H. polyanthos, Swartz ; Hook. et Bak. 1.c¢.60. Lantao Island,
Taimoshan and Maénsban, Hongkong New Territory.

3. H. javanicum, Spreng. ; Hook. et Bak. 1. ¢. 60. Taimoshan on
granite rocks at 2500 ft., Hongkong New Territory ; slopes
of the Phoenix Mt., Swatow ; Hoifung ; Lofoushan.

4. H. oxydon, Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1890, 262. Taimoshan on
rocks at 2500 ft., Hongkong New Territory.

6.—TRICHOMANES.
Key to species.

1. Fronds 5 inches or more long... oe 2.
Fronds 2 inches or less in length ... 5.

2. Stalk winged to the base sae .» 8. orientale.
Stalk not winged, or slightly so ve 3.

3. Stalk very short or frond sessile w= 9. auriculatum,
Stalk 2 inches or more long ... ues 4,

4, Fronds 8 inches or more long ... .. 7. rvadicans.
Fronds 6 inches or less long ... we = 10. rigidum.

5. Fronds under l inch long... was 6.
Fronds over 1 inch long a el 7.

6. Fronds fan-shaped 2, parvulum.
Fronds obovate-cuneate 3 .» Ll, Henzaianum.,

7. Stalk 4 to 4 inch long ... vs sins 8.
Stalk shorter or none ... ee ace 9.

8. Fronds glabrous vs sas we 5, humile.
Nerves of fronds puberulous ... .. 6. Matthewii.

9. Fronds suborbicular or oblong, rhom-
boidal, not tapering below... w» 4, latemarginale,

Fronds tapering below, oblong-rhom-
boidal aa eee re .. 3. intramarginale.

i

T. Henzaianum, Parish; Hook, et Bak. Syn. Fil, 75, Mt.
Parker, Hongkong,

10.

10.

. T. intramarginale, Hook. et Girev ;

. T. humile, Forst. ;

336

. T. parvulum, Potr.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 75.

Near Causeway

Bay, Mt. Nicholson and Mt. Parker, Hongkong ; Hoifung ;

Lofoushan.

Hongkong without locality.
T. latemarginale, Eat. ;

Hook. et Bak. 1. ec. 79.

Hook. et Bak. 1. ec. 79.

Causeway

Bay, Mt. Parker and Mt. N icholson, Hongkong ; Swatow.

Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 80. On rocks behind

the Bhuddhist temple, Causeway Bay, Hongkong.

T. Matthewii, Christ in Lecomte, Not. Syst. 1909, 56.

North River at Mongsihay.

T. radicans, Swartz ; Hook. et Bak. |. c. 81.

Monastery, N. River ; Lofoushan.

On the

Near the Tangha

T. orientale, Christens.; JT. japonicum, Franch. et Sav. Enum.

Pl. Jap. ii. 618.
Territory ; Lienchow River.

T. auriculatum, Blume ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 82.
1500 ft., Hongkong New Territory.
T. rigidum, Swartz; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 86.

Taimoshan at 2500 ft., Hongkong New

Majonshan at

On clay banks

Happy Valley and Little Hongkong woods, and on rocks
in stream beds on Mi. Parker, Hongkong ; Taimoshan,
Hongkong New Territory ; North-West River.

7.—DAVALLIA.

Key to species.

. Fronds 3 to 6 inches long

Fronds much longer

. Fronds simply pinnate ..

Fronds bi- tri- or quadripinnatifid

. Pinnae slightly undulate or serrate

Pinnae cut down about half-way to the
rachis ae :

. Fronds bipinnatifid

Fronds tri- or quadripinnatifid

. Rhizome thick, covered with silky

scales Se
Rhizome thin, not covered with silky
scales ang ae

. Sori marginal

Sori not marginal

. Fronds 9 to 12 inches long

Fronds 2 to 3 feet long

. Pinnules cuneate

Pinnules not cuneate

. Veins beneath prominently ‘raised ;

texture coriaceous . :
Veins beneath not prominent ; :
herbaceous ..
Under surface of fr oni ‘hairy |
Fronds glabrous mee we

ome

~1m

. pedata,

2.

3.
4.

. Hookeriana.

. marginalis.,
. strigosa,

5.
6.
8.

elegans.
: Lo
7.
Grifithiana,
divaricata,

tenutfolia,

9.
hirta,

10,

9. Speluncae.

ll, Alatthewii,

337

"1. D. pedata, Smith ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. 89. Common on
rocks on Victoria Peak and Mt. Nicholson, Hongkong ;
Lantao Island and Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory ;
Lanfa Mt., Hoifung; at the foot of the Phoenix Mt.,
Swatow.

2. D. elegans, Swartz; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 95. Hongkong
without locality.

3. D. divaricata, Blume; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 96. Common on
rocks on Mt. Victoria and Mt. Parker, Hongkong ;
Taimoshan at 1500 ft. Hongkong New Territory ;
Lofoushan.

4, D. Griffithiana, Hook.; Hook. et Bak. |. c. 96. Hast of
Wongneichong at 300 ft. Hongkong; Lienchow River ;
woods at Filoitze.

5. D. Hookeriana, Wall.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 97. Pokfulam
ravine, east of the racecourse, and on Mt. Nicholson,
Hongkong ; Madénshan, and Taimoshan, Hongkong New
Territory ; Hoifung.

6. D. marginalis, Bak.; Hook. et Bak. |. c. 98. Little Hong-
kong, Hongkong; Taimoshan at 2000 ft., Hongkong
New Territory ; N. River.

7. D. strigosa, Swartz; Hook. et Bak. |. c. 98. Madénshan at
1800 ft., Hongkong New Territory.

8. D. hirta, Kaulf.; Hook. et Bak. 1.c. 100. Naturalised in the
Glenealy ravine, Hongkong.

9. D. Speluncae, Bak.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c¢. 100. Common in
ravines and near villages, Hongkong ; Wongyu.

10. D. tenuifolia, Swartz ; Hook. et Bak. 1.c. 102. Victoria Peak,
Happy Valley, and elsewhere, Hongkong ; Lamma Island,
and elsewhere, Hongkong New Territory; ditches near
Chaochaufu.

11. D. Matthewii, Christ in Lecomte, Not. Syst. 1909, 54, Near
Taonan on the Lienchow River.

8.—LINDSAYA.
Key to species.
1. Main rachis unbranched ce .. 1. eultrata.
Main rachis more or less branched ... 2.
2. Fronds simply pinnate, pinnae linear,
entire P ae oo ; 3. enstfolia.
Fronds once or twice pinnate, pinnae
not linear and entire ane ae 3.
3, All pinnules obovate or orbicular .... 2, flabellulata.

Lateral pinnules obovate, terminal

pinnules lanceolate ites v4, heterophylla.

1. L. cultrata, Swartz; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. 105. Hoifung ;

Lofoushan.

2. L. flabellulata, Dry. ; Hook. et Bak. 1.c. 107. Very common

on dry banks and in woods, Hongkong ; on the bark of the
Han River, Swatow ; Lanfa Mt,, Hoifung.

21515 ¥

338

. L. ensifolia, Swartz ; Hook. et Bak. 1. ¢. 112. Very common,

3
in similar situations to the last, in Hongkong ; hills above
Kowloon reservoir, Hongkong New Territory ; hills near
Chaochaufu ; Lofoushan.

4, L. heterophylla, Dry. ; Hook. et Bak. 1. ¢. 112. In woods and
shady places, Hongkong; on hills above Kowloon
reservoir, Hongkong New Territory.

9.—ADIANTUM.
Key to species.
1, Fronds once pinnate ... 2.
Fronds twice pinnate or dichotomously
branched... ans i _ 5.
2, Pinnae dimidiate <8 si st 3.
Pinnae not dimidiate ... di ee 4,
3. Pinnae glabrous 1. lunulatum.
Pinnae villous ... Se Sh w= 4. caudatum,
4, Pinnae cuneate, alternate dios wwe = oD. Gravesii.
Pinnae suborbicular, opposite or
subopposite sin : Capillus-Junonis,
5. Fronds dichotomously branched .» 6, flabellulatum.
Fronds twice pinnate ... dee 5. Capillus-Veneris,

1, A. lunulatum, Burm.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. 114. At
Aberdeen, Little Hongkong, and elsewhere, Hongkong ;
near Kowloon City, Mirs Bay, and Chinwan, Hongkong
New Territory ; Lofoushan.

2. A. Gravesii, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1875,197. Limestone rocks
along’ the Lienchow River; on rocks at Piklok on the
North River.

3. A. Capillus-Junonis, Rupr.; Hook. et Bak. lc. 114. City
Wall, Canton ; Lienchow River; Filoitze North River;
N.W. River.

4, A, caudatum, Linn.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c.115. On a shady
bank Robinson Road, Causeway Bay, Little Hongkong,
and Happy Valley, Hongkong; Sungwongtoi hill near
Kowloon City, Lantao Island, and Mirs Bay, Hongkong
New Territory ; Lienchow River ; banks near the sea,
Wongyu.

5. A. Capillus-Veneris, Linn. ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 123. In a
ravine on the north face of Mt. Gough, Hongkong ; Lien-
chow River ; North River.

6. A. fabellulatum, Zinn.; Hook. et Bak. 1c. 126. Common in
Hongkong ; hills above Kowloon reservoir, Hongkong
New Territory; Swatow; Pakhoi; Lofoushan ; Whampoa;
Macao.

10.—CHEILANTHES.
Key to species.
1. Fronds glabrous ase 2.

Under surface of fronds eovered with
white powder oe as ae 4,

339

2. Fronds tripinnate aie a pa 3.
Fronds bipinnate l. Fordit.

3. Fronds deltoid ... te 3. tenutfolia.
Fronds ovate-lanceolate 2. mysurensis.

4, Fronds deltoid, pedate we 4, argentea.
Fronds lanceolate ie ois 5. farinosa.

b

. C. Fordii, Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1879, 304. Hills near Chao-

chaufu, Swatow ; North River.

. C. mysurensis, Wall.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. 135. Among

granite boulders, Long Harbour, Hongkong New Terri-
oe 3 on old walls, Canton; Cockscomb rocks, West
iver,

. C. tenuifolia, Swartz; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 138. Common on

dry banks especially on the south side ofthe island, Hong-
kong ; near Shingmun, Hongkong New Territory ; near
Yit-hai, Swatow.

. C. argentea, Hook. ; Hook. et Bak. 1.c. 142. Lienchow River ;
North River.

. C. farinosa, Kaulf.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 142. Phoenix Mt.,
Swatow ; Lienchow River.

11.—-ONYCHIUM.

. 0. japonicum, Kunze ; Hook. et Bak.1.c. 143. On Mt. Gough,
and plentiful on the southern face of Violet hill above
Repulse Bay, Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hongkong New
Territory ; Lofoushan ; Kunyam-ngam, N. River.

12.—PELLAEA.
Key to species.

Pinnae cut nearly down to the rachis... 1. geraniaefolia.
Pinnae cut down to the rachis .. 2, nitidula.

. P. geraniaefolia, Fee; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. 146. North
Point, Hongkong ; Long Harbour, Hongkong New Terri-
tory ; Canton; White Cloud hills near Canton ; North-
west River.

. P. nitidula, Bak. ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 149. On bare limestone
rocks along the Lienchow River.

13.—PTERIS.
Key to species.
. Veins anastomosing ... ate sew, LBs tneisa.
Veins free ais wi ise ou: 2.
. Lower pinnae divided ... wes ar 5.
Lower pinnae undivided oe ie 3.
. Pinnae 12 to 60 3 ie aslo 4,
Pinnae 3 to 5 sive one ae deltodon.

. insignis.

. longifolia,

. Pinnae 12 to 24 Be ae Pe
Pinnae 40 to 60 es Kee ou
21515 ¥ 2

ep On

12,

13.

Se oe
mw w ty

10.

11.

12.
13.

14,

340

Fertile and sterile fronds similar

. Lower pinnae forked ... wee 6.
Lower pinnae once or more pinnate or
pinnatifid ie ae 9:
Sterile pinnae nearly 1 inch broad 7.
Sterile pinnae } inch broad, or less 8.
Pinnae serrate, apex acute .. 3. eretica,
Pinnae subcrenate, apex often obtuse... 4. plumbea.
Sterile pinnae $ to } inch broad 6. serrulata.
Sterile pinnae to 4 inch broad 7. ensiformis.
. Lower pinnae simply pinnate ... aa 10.
Lower pinnae tripinnate or bipinnatifid 11.
. Lower pinnae pinnate onloweredgeonly 9. semipinnata.
Lower and upper pinnae completely
pinnate ak aes 13. decrescens.
. Lower pinnae tripinnate 10. aquilina.
Lower pinnae bipinnatifid os 12.
Fertile and sterile fronds dissimilar ... 8. démorpha,

13.

Middle pinnae 2 to 3 inches long
Middle pinnae 5 inches long or more...

. longifolia, Linn.; Hook et Bak. Syn. Fil. 153.

. insignis, Mett.; Kuhn in Jour. Bot. 1868, 269.
. eretica, Linn. ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. 154.

. plumbea, Christ in Lecomte, Not. Syst. 1909. 49.
. deltodon, Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1888, 226.

. serrulata, Linn. f.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 155.

. ensiformis, Burm. ; Hook. et

. Semipinnata, Zinn. ; Hook. et Bak. 1. ¢. 157.
. aquilina, Zinn.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 162.
. biaurita, Linn.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 164.

. Grevilleana, Wall.; Beddome Ferns Brit. Ind. 112.

. incisa, Thund.; Hook. et Bak, 1, c. 172.

Grevilleana,
biaurita,

12.
11.

Common
on old walls, Hongkong ; near Chaochaufu, Swatow.

On the
grassy slope of Victoria Peak, Hongkong ; Taimoshan at
2700 ft. among grass and scrub, Hongkong New Territory.
Lienchow
River ; North River; West River.

Swatow.
Kwangtung
without locality.

Common on
walls near Victoria, Hongkong.

Bak. 1. c. 155. Common on
dry banks, Hongkong; in similar places in Hongkong
New Territory.

. dimorpha, Copel. in Philipp. Journ. Sci. Bot. iii, 282.

In a shady wood near Fanling, Hongkong New Terri-
tory ; Lienchow River.

Common in
woods, Hongkong; near Shingmun, Hongkong New
Territory ; Macao.

Common from
sea level to 1500 ft., Hongkong ; also in Hongkong New
Territory ; hills near Chaochaufu ; Lofoushan.

Common in
Hongkong ; Lamma Island, Hongkong New Territory ;
near Chaochaufu ; Macao.

Hong-
kong ; on the bank of the Han River, Swatow ; Lofoushan.

. decrescens, Christ in Bull. Acad. Géogr. Bot. 1906, 244.

Lienchow River.

t Lienchow River ;
West River ; Lofoushan.

—

341
14. —CERATOPTERIS.

. C. thalictroides, Brongn. ; Hook. et Bak. 1.c.174, East Point,
Happy Valley, Little Hongkong, Sheko, and elsewhere,
Hongkong; Gindrinkers’ Bay, Hongkong New Territory.

15.—LOMARIA.

. L. Matthewii, Christ ; Plagiogyria tenuifolia, Copel. in Philipp.

Journ. Sci, Bot. iii, 281. Madnshan at 1500 {t., Hong-
kong New Territory ; Kwaisin at 2500 ft. , Hoifung.

16.—BLECHNUM.

. B. orientale, Linn.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. 186. Very

common on the hills in Hongkong and Hongkong New
Territory ; Swatow ; Lofoushan.

17.—WOODWARDIA.
Key to species.
. Fronds once pinnatifid . 3. Harlandii.
Fronds pinnate or bipinnatifid — vi 2.
. Fronds bipinnatifid —... — w- = 4, Kempit.
Fronds pinnate .. ;
. Pinnae cut down nearly to therachis... 1. orientalis.
Pinnae cut 4 or 3 down to the rachis.. 2. japonica.
. W. orientalis, Swartz ; Hook. et Bak. 1.c.188. Victoria Peak,

Mt. Parker and Aberdeen, Hongkong ; hillside and river
bank near Chaochaufu ; North River.

. W. japonica, Swartz; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 188. Mt. Davis,

Happy Valley woods, Aberdeen and Mt. Gough, Hong-
kong ; Hongkong New Territory without locality ; on the
bank of the Han River and slopes of the Phoenix Mt.,

Swatow ; Kwaisin, Hoifung ; Filoitze woods, North River.

. Ww. Harlandii, Hook. ; Hook. et Bak. lc. 189. In long grass,

Mt. Victoria, Mt. Gough and Mt. Parker, Hongkong ;
Taimoshan ; slopes of the Phoenix Mt., Swatow ; Lofoushan.

. W. Kempii, Copel. in Philipp. Journ. Sci. Bot. iii, 280.

Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory ; near Chaochaufu.

18.—ASPLENIUM.
Key to species.

Fronds entire ... 2.
Fronds lobed, pinnatifid or once or

more pinnate i nee ine 5.
Fronds 2 or 4 feet long re .. L, Midus.
Fronds 1 to 14 feet long in 3.
Lower part of frond gradually narrowed

into stipes ... 4,
Lower part of frond abruptly narrowed
into stipes ... oe ces ... 23, lanceum.

4, Frond 10 times as long as broad 3. holosorum.
Frond 20 times as long as broad 2. ensiforme.
5. Fronds lobed... sits 24, zeylanicum.
Fronds pinnatifid or once or more
pinnate eee ce one we 6.
6. Fronds pinnatifid eee ‘ive .. 7. adnatum.
Fronds once or more pinnate ... A 7.
7. Fronds once pinnate ... oe sae 8.
Fronds bipinnate or ae die 21,
8. Pinnae entire ... 27, bantamense.
Pinnae crenate, serratey lobed or
pinnatifid ... Ae 9.
9. Pinnae crenate or inciso-crenate oe 10.
Pinnae serrate, lobed or pinnatifid ... 15.
10. Pinnae dimidiate ine ia ae 11.
Pinnae not dimidiate ... uns bbs 13.
11. Pinnae § to ? inch long oe we = 4, normale,
Pinnae 1 inch long or more... ae 12.
12. Sori 1 or rarely 2 in the teeth . Ll. heterocarpum.
Sori not in the teeth ... doe «» 10. resectum.
13. Pinnae ? to 14 inch long ae .. 6. erinicaule.
Pinnae 2 to 34 inches long... 14.
14, Pinnae 3 to 34 inches long, crenulated
the whole length ... Ree 26. Pullingert.
Pinnae 2 to 24 inches long, crenulated
towards the tip... a .. 25. chlorophyllum.
15. Pinnae serrate ... ae 8 16.
Pinnae lobed or pinnatifid sie was 18,
16. Base of pinnae narrowed suddenly ... 28. sylvaticum.
Base of pinnae cuneate.. ave ae 17,
17. Upper part of rachis with a narrow
wing.. oes oT we «5. Wrightii..
Rachis not winged ws ae we 9. macrophyllum.
18. Pinnae lobed ws _ wen 19.
Pinnae pinnatifid Mer sie 21.
19. Lower pinnae 3- 5-lobed dine we 8. dimidiatum.
Lower pinnae more than 5-lobed 20.
20. Lobes shorter on lower side of pe
than on upper oe .. 18. macrocarpum.
Lobes on both sides of pinnae ‘equal .. 29. japonicum.
21. Rachis compressed ; sori marginal ... 22.
Rachis notcompressed ; sorinot marginal 23.
22. Frond pinnate to the end — .. 17. Belangeri.
Frond with bare end ... ats ... 16. rutaefolium.
23. Rachis villous ... ey — .. 30. Petersenit.
Rachis nearly naked... sie «» 31. Oldhami.
24, Fronds tripinnate dee ae w. 14, laserpitiifolum.
Fronds bipinnate wei 25.
25. Fronds including stipes about 1 “foot jens 15. coenobiale.
Fronds 14 to 6 feet long or oe 26.
26. Fronds tripinnatifid see seis ee 29.

342

Fronds not tripinnatifid vis se 27,

343

27. Veins anastomosing _... wee ... 36. esculentum.
Veins not anastomosing ae ive 28.

28. Pinnules deeply crenate wi .» 33. maximum.
Pinnules entire or nearly so... w. 34, latifolium.

29. Pinnules 44 inches long, 14 inches broad 35. nudicaule.
Pinnules less than 1 inch broad v8 30.

30. Pinnules cuneate oe as or 31.
Pinnules not cuneate ... diss ae 32.

31. Rachis flat, compressed wes «» 12. planicaule.
Rachis not flat or compressed ... .» 13. cuneatum.

32. Pinnules 4 inch broad ... an we. 22. umbrosum.
Pinnules } inch broad or less ... oe 33.

33. Pinnules deeply pinnatifid ... eae 34.
Pinnules cut half way down or less... 35.

34, Sori straight... wie ue ... 32, chinense.

10.

Soricurved ... .. 21, Filix-foemina.

. Sori chiefly near midrib of pinnules .. 19. nigripes.

Sori scattered ... dee 20. nipponicum.

. A. Nidus, Linn. ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. 190. In the Happy

Valley woods, Mt. Parker, Cape d’ Aguilar, Taitam Tuk,
and behind the Bhuddist temple, Causeway Bay, Hong-
kong ; Mirs Bay, Hongkong New Territory.

. A. ensiforme, Wail. ; Hook. et Bak. 1c. 191. Among great

granite boulders on the higher parts of Taimoshan, Hong-
kong New Territory.

. A. holosorum, Christ in Bull. Herb. Boiss. sér 2, vii. 10. Taimo-

shan, Hongkong New Territory.

. A. normale, Don ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 197. On the west side

of Victoria Peak near the signal station, among rocks near
the summit of Mt. Gough, Hongkong ; Taimoshan and
Majénshan, Hongkong New Territory ; top of the Phoenix
Mt., Swatow ; Lofoushan ; White Cloud hills, near Canton.

. A. Wrightii, Eaton ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 204. Taimoshan at

2300 ft. among boulders, Hongkong New Territory.

. A. crinicaule, Hance; Hook. et Bak. |. c. 208. Ina cavern

among boulders Mt. Parker, Hongkong; on the south
face of Taimoshan at 1500 ft., Hongkong New Territory ;
Lienchow River; on rocks in the woods at Tingushan,
and other localities on the West River.

. A.adnatum, Copel. in Philipp. Journ. Sci. Bot. iii. 280.

Taimoshan among boulders at 2500 ft., Hongkong New
Territory.

. A. dimidiatum, Swartz ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 209. Cock’s-comb

and other calcareous rocks, W. River ; Lienchow River ;

N. River.

. A. macrophyllum, Swartz; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 209. On Mt.

Davis below the Victoria Rd., Hongkong ; Lantao Island
and Mirs Bay, Hongkong New Territory.

A. resectum, Smith ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 210. In the spray or
drip of streams ; on Mt. Parker in damp caverns, Hong-
kong; Taimoshan at 2600 ft., Hongkong New Territory ;
Lienchow River.

Ll.
12.
13.
14.

165.

16.

25.

27.

28.

29.

> Pp bP be pp pb

> Pp SP

344

. heterocarpum, WVall.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 210. Lienchow

River ; in bushy ravinesat Filoitze Monastery, North River.

. planicaule, Wall.; Hook. et Bak. 1c. 211. Streams at the

foot of the Phoenix Mt., Swatow ; Lofoushan at 3100 ft.

. cuneatum, Lam.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 214. Victoria Peak,

Hongkong.

. laserpitiifolium, Zam.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 214. In the

Happy Valley woods, on Victoria Peak, Cape d’Aguilar,
and elsewhere, Hongkong; Taimoshan, Madnshan and
Mirs Bay, Hongkong New Territory.

. coenobiale, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1874, 142. Common on

limestone rocks Lienchow River ; North River ; old walls
at Tingushan Monastery on the West River.

. rutaefolium, Kunze; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 222. On the

south and west slopes of Mt. Parker, Hongkong ; Lantao
Island, Taimoshan and lLyeemun, Hongkong New
Territory ; Monchipang hill near Chaochaufu.

. Belangeri, Kunze; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 223. Cock’s-comb

Rocks, W. River.

. macrocarpum, Blume; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 227. Phoenix

Mt., Swatow ; Lofoushan at 3100 ft.

. nigripes, Blume ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 227. Lofoushan.
. niponicum, Mett.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 227. Filoitze woods,

North River.

. Filix-foemina, Bernh.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 227. Top of the

Phoenix Mt., Swatow.

. umbrosum, J. Smith; Hook. et Bak. |. c. 229. Lienchow

River.

. lanceum, Thunb. ; Hook.et Bak. 1. c. 229. Rather common

on damp banks, Hongkong; Taimoshan, and Shingmun,
Hongkong New Territory ; Lienchow River ; banks
of stream at Mai-sa-ou ; mountain above Wongyu.

. zeylanicum, Hook.; Hook. et Bak. 1c. 230. On a shady

bank on the south side of Caine Rd., Hongkong.

. chlorophyllum, Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1885, 104. Madénshan

at 1800 ft.; Taimoshan at 2500 ft., Hongkong New
Territory.

. Pullingeri, Bak. in Gard. Chron. 1875, ii. 484. Hongkong

without locality; Taimoshan and Maénshan in damp
shady places, Hongkong New Territory.

. bantamense, Bak.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 231. In the

Happy Valley, ravine on Mt. Victoria above Wongneichong
catchwater, Mt. Parker, and Mt. Gough, Hongkong ;
Taimoshan at 2000 ft., Hongkong New Territory ;
Lienchow River ; North River.

. sylvaticum, Presi; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 232. Onthe wooded

summit of Mt. Nicholson, Hongkong; on the scrub-
covered northern slope of Maénshan, and among rocks on
Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory.

. japonicum, Zhund.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 234. Common on

banks and in ravines, Hongkong ; Taimoshan, Hongkong
New Territory ; wooded ravine at Mai-sa-ou.

p> PS bP

ea

345

. Petersenii, Christ ; A. lasiopteris, Mett.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c.

235. Canton.

. Oldhami, Hance; A. japonicum, var. Oldhami, Hook. et Bak.

lc, 235. Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory.

. chinense, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 237. Canton.
. maximum, Don; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 239. Mt. Parker,

Hongkong ; Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory ; shady
bed. of stream near N. River.

. latifolium, Don ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 239. Among boulders

Mt. Parker, Hongkong; Lantao Island and Taimoshan,
Hongkong New Territory ; N. River.

A. nudicaule, Copel. in Philipp. Journ. Sci. Bot. iii. 278.

Lienchow River.

A. esculentum, Pres! ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 244. Near streams

at Little Hongkong, Hongkong ; at the foot of Taimoshan,
Hongkong New Territory; Lienchow River; bamboo
groves at Taimiu, N. River.

19.—ASPIDIUM.
Key to species.

. Fronds pinnatifid or pinnate at the base
only ae ee sbi -» 1, basipinnatum.
Fronds once or more pinnate ... ead 2.
. Fronds once pinnate. = we 3.
Fronds more than once pinnate oe 4.
. Pinnae 2 to 3 inches long... a. 7, faleatum,
Pinnae $ to 14 inches long... .. 2, auriculatum.
. Fronds tri- or quadripinnatifid at th
base ans aie Ae er 6.
Fronds bipinnatifid at the base diva 5.

5. Stipes more or less scaly throughout... 3. aculeatum,
Stipes polished, scaly at the base onl 4, amabile,

6. Veins anastomosing copiously... «+ 9, membranaceum.
Veins all free ... sine se sis 7.

7. Ultimate pinnules not serrated we 6. varium,
Ultimate pinnules serrated... nee 8.

8. Ultimate pinnules awned ‘ies ws 7. aristatum,
Ultimate pinnules not awned ... ... 5. laserpitiifolium.

1, A. basipinnatum, Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1889, 176. On the

north side of Mt. Nicholson amoung loose stones, Hong-
kong ; Tangha on the North River; Paksa on the West
River ; N.W. River.

. A. auriculatum, Swartz; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. 251. Lantao

Island, Taimoshan and Maénshan, Hongkong New Terri-
tory ; Hoifung; Lienchow River ; Lofoushan.

3. A. aculeatum, Swartz; Hook. et Bak. I. c. 252. Lantao

Island and Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory ; summit
of Maushan Mt. at 2400 ft., near Ookaisa.

. A.amabile, Blume; Hook. et Bak. |. c. 254. Village of

Sungtong, N.W. from Hongkong; Lienchow River ;
North River.

Po

346

A. laserpitiifolium, Mett.; Hook. et Bak.1.c. 254. Lofoushan.

. A. varium, Swartz; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 254. Mt. Gough, Mt.

Victoria, and elsewhere, Hongkong ; Lantao Island,
Shingmun, Pakmong and elsewhere, Hongkong New
Territory ; hill near Chaochaufu ; Lienchow River.

. A. aristatum, Swartz.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 255. Happy

Valley woods, Little Hongkong and Mt. Nicholson,
Hongkong ; Mirs Bay, Hongkong New Territory ; river
bank near Chaochaufu.

. A. faleatum, Swartz; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 257. Near Taitam

Bay and Tailungwan, Hongkong ; Waglan Island, Hong-
kong New Territory ; top of the Phoenix Mt., Swatow ; ;
N. River.

9. A. membranaceum, Hook. ; Hook. et Bak. 1.c.259. Hongkong
without locality ; Lienchow River ; North River; West
River.

20.—NEPHRODIUM.
Key to species.
1. Fronds pinnatifid os sg as 2.
Fronds once or more pinnate ... wit 3.
2. Pinnae ? to 2 inches long... wl. decursivopinna-
tum.
Pinnae 6 inches long or more. «» 28, decurrens.
3. Fronds once pinnate... . 4,
Fronds more than once pinnate ‘at least
at the base .. aise wee 18.
4, Pinnae lobed or pinnatifid ne sil 5.
Pinnae serrate or crenate_... ‘ies 11.
5. Pinnae deeply pinnatifid ied 6.
Pinnae cut halfway down to the rachis 8.
6. Veinlets forked vee “te .- 8. TLhelypteris.
Veinlets never forked ... ae 7.
7. Lobes oblong, entire ... se we 4. gracilescens,
Lobes lanceolate, subcrenate ... . 5. repentulum.

8. Lower veinlets of contiguous eee

free .. sii 9.
Lower veinlets of contiguous groups
united ee 10.
9. Pinnae 4 to 8 inches long ; ; "veinlets
10 +0 15 on each side... 7. prolixum.
Pinnae 2 to 4 inches long; veinlets
3 to 6 on each side sits we 6. calearatum,
10. Pinnae abruptly reduced below «+» 25, heterocarpon.
Lower pinnae rather shorter than the
others ate 24, molle.
11. Pinnae serrate ; veinlets of contiguous
groups united oc i 13.

Pinnae crenate (some entire) ; veinlets
of contiguous groups free.. sa 12,

12,

13.
14.
15.
16.
17.

18.
19.

20.

21.

22,
23.
24,

25.

26.
27.

28.

no

oo

- N. decursivopinnatum, Bak. ;

347

Pinnae 4 to 8 on each i 4 to 6 inches

long... ee 3. podophyllum.
Pinnae 12 or more on cack side, 2 ty

3 inches long 2. decipiens.
Rhizome wide-creeping 14,
Caudex erect or suberect 16;
Lower pinnae conspicuously reduced... 20. aridum.
Lower pinnae slightly if at all reduced 15.
Lobes of pinnae triangular (deltoid) .... 18. unitum.
Lobes of pinnae sub-faleate, triangular 19. sophoroides.
Pinnae 6 to 9 inches long 23. pennigerum.
Pinnae 2 to 4 inches long...
Stalk slender ; upper half or third of

frond pinnatifid ‘ 22. latipinna.
Stalk strong; upper quarter “of frond

only pinnatifid BS 21. amboinense.
Fronds bipinnate or tripinnatifid 19.
Fronds quadripinnatifid sale 26.
Fronds bipinnate at least at the base,

not tripinnatifid .. vs 20.
Fronds bipinnate at the base, tripin

natifid ag sins See oe 23.
Veins anastomosing soptonaly: 27. subtriphyllum.
Veins free dies 21.
Involucre red when young ; ; pase of

lower pinnae 14 inches broad 22.
Involucre not red when young ; base of

lower pinnae 1? inches broad 9. Filiz-mas.
Stalk clothed with scales ee 10. erythrosorum.
Stalk naked ... * oe 11. tenuiculum.
Veins anastomosing 25.
Veins free Pe 24,
Rachis thickly scaly ae 12. Eatoni.
Rachis naked or slightly scaly 13. sparsum.
Fronds 4 to 6 feet long ; alae 1 to 14

feet long... 26. Leuzeanum.
Fronds under 3 feet long ; pinnae 6 to 9

inches long... 29, cicutarium.
Fronds including stalk 3 to 5 feet long 27.
Fronds including stalk under 3 feet long 28.
Pinnules linear-lanceolate, apex acute 17. setigerum.
Pinnules lanceolate, apex more or less

blunt 16. intermedium.
Ultimate segments acute 15. Fordit.
Ultimate segments blunt 14. crenatum.

Hook. et
Kwaisin, Hoifung ; N orth River.

2500 ft., Hongkong New Territory ;
Swatow.
Hook. et Bak.

Bak. Syn. Fil. 259.

N. decipiens, Hook. ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 260. Taimoshan at
top of Phoenix Mt.,.

. N. podophyllum, Hook. ; 1, c. 260. Victoria
Peak and Mt. Nicholson in shady ravines Hongkong ;
Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory ; Swatow.

10.

11.

12.
13.

14,

15.
16.
17,

18.

19.

20.

21.

2A

42a 424 24

348

. gracilescens, Hook.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 262. Mt. Kellet,

Victoria Peak and Mt. Gough, Hongkong ; Lofoushan at
600 ft.; North River; shady hollows about Canton ;
wooded ravine at Maisaou.

. repentulum, Tutcher nom. nov. Dryopteris repentula, Christ

in Lecomte, Not. Syst. 1909, 39. Hongkong.

. calearatum, Hook. ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 264. Victoria Peak

and Sheko ravine on rocks in the course of the stream,
Hongkong; Taimoshan; Hongkong New Territory ;
Lofoushan at 800 ft.

. prolixum, Bak.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 268. Below bridge,

Little Hongkong, Victoria Peak on the side of a stream,
Hongkong ; Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory.

. Thelypteris, Desv. ; Hook. et Bak. 1.c. 271. Mt. Parker,

Hongkong ; Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory.

. Filix-mas, Rich. ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 272. Victoria Peak,

Mt. Parker and elsewhere, Hongkong; Taimoshan,
Hongkong New Territory ; White Cloud hills, Canton ;
Lienchow River; North River; Maushan Mt., near
Ookaisa ; Lofoushan.

. erythrosorum, Hook. ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 273. Hongkong

without locality ; Canton ; among rocks at top of White
Cloud hills, Canton.

. tenuiculum, T'uicher nom. nov.; Dryopteris tenuicula,

Matthew et Christ in Lecomte, Not. Syst. 1909, 56.
North River at Feiloy.

. Eatoni, Bak. in Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 276. Lienchow River.
. Sparsum, Don ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 276. Morrison Hill

Gap Road, Hongkong ; Taimoshan and Maénshan, Hong-
kong New Territory ; hill near Chaochaufu.

. crenatum, Bak. ; N. odoratum, Bak. ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c.

280. Lienchow River ; on Cock’s-comb Rock, West River.

. Fordii, Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1889, 177. North River.
. intermedium, Bak. ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 283. On the bank of

the Han River, Swatow ; Lienchow River ; North River.

. setigerum, Bak.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 284. At Little

Hongkong, and common near villages, Hongkong ; Hong-
kong New Territory without locality ; Chaochaufu.

. unitum, &. Br. ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 289. Little Hongkong

and Shaukiwan, Hongkong; Lamma Island, Kowloon
Catchwater, Chinwan and Hebe Haven, Hongkong New
Territory.

. sophoroides, Desv. ; Hook. et Bak. 1. ¢. 289. Victoria Peak,

Sheko, Aberdeen and Deepwater Bay, Hongkong ;
Hongkong New Territory without locality, near Chao-
chaufu ; Macao, Ringing Rocks.

. aridum, Bak. ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 291. On the north and

south-west slopes of Mt. Parker, Hongkong. ,
amboinense, Pres; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 292. Little
Hongkong, Happy Valley and Mt. Parker, Hongkong ;
near Chaochaufu ; White Cloud hills, Canton.

22,

23. N

24. N

25.

26.

27.

28.
29,

Pinnae 14 to 3 inches long ; involucre

Pinnae 4 to 6 inches long; involucre

349

. latipinna, Hook. ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 292. Among damp

rocks, Little Hongkong and Happy Valley, Hongkong ;

ravine at Maisaéu.

. pennigerum, Hook. ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 292. Near Yit-hai,

Swatow.

-molle, Desv.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 293. Very common in

Hongkong on shady banks; Hongkong New Territory
without locality ; Lofoushan.

. heterocarpon, Moore ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 293. Aberdeen

New Road and Mt. Parker, Hongkong; Taimoshan,
Hongkong New Territory ; Swatow.

. Leuzeanum, Hook.; Hook. et Bak. lc. 295. Mt. Gough

north and Mt. Parker south, Hongkong.

. subtriphyllum, Bak.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 296. In the

Happy Valley woods, Little Hongkong, Deepwater
Bay, Mt. Parker and elsewhere, Hongkong; Lamma
Island and elsewhere, Hongkong New Territory ; Lienchow
River ; wooded ravine, Maisaou.

N. decurrens, Bak. ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 299. Mt. Parker,

Sheko ravine and Little Hongkong woods, Hongkong.

. cicutarium, Bak.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 299. Limestone

rocks along Lienchow River ; N. River.

21.—-NEPHROLEPIS.

Key to species.

. Pinnae about 1 inch long; root tuberous 1. cordifolia.
Pinnae more than 1 inch long ; root not

tuberous 2.

reniform 2. exaltata.

sub-peltate ... ins . 3. acuta.

1. N. cordifolia, Pres? ; Hook. et Bak. ae Fil. 300. | Common

iw)

iS)

—

amongst stones and rocks on Mt. Victoria, Mt. Parker and
elsewhere, Hongkong; Taimoshan, Hongkong New
Territory ; top of the Phoenix Mt., Swatow.

. N. exaltata, Schott ; Hook. et Bak. 1c. 301. Little Hongkong

and elsewhere, Hongkong ; Chinwan, Hongkong New
Territory.

. N. acuta, Presl; Hook. et Bak. J. c. 301. In the Happy

Valley woods, Taitam and Cape d’Aguilar, Hongkong ;
Mirs Bay, Hongkong New Territory.

22.—-OLEANDRA.

. O. Cumingii, J. Sm. ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 303. On Mt. Parker

above Taikoo, at 800 ft., Hongkong ; Canton; Feiloy on
the North River; West River; Lofoushan ; Sichushay
near Canton ; Filoitze, N, River.

12.

13.

14,

15.

F Substance hin. 3

350.

23.—POLYPODIUM.

Key to species.

. Fronds entire

Fronds pinnatifid or once or more
pinnate

. Fronds dimorphic, fertile ones under

6 inches long
Fronds not dimorphic ...

. Fronds very coriaceous

Fronds papery .

. Fronds under 4 ‘inches ‘long and under

4 lines broad i

Fronds more than 4 inches long a and
4 lines broad

Under side of fronds closely woolly

Under side of fronds covered a
long soft hairs

. Fronds 24 to 3 inches long, 2 to 3 lines

broad ot
Fronds 2 inches long, 13 to 2 lines
broad

. Fronds 3 to 4 inches long, 1 to ‘4 line

broad, tomentum loose...
Fronds 2 to 3 inches long, 2 to 24 lines
broad, tomentum thick

. Under surface matted with cottony 0 or

woolly tomentum ...
Under surface not matted with woolly
hairs

. Stalks close together. with a tuft of

lanceolate brown scales at the base
Stalks distant without scales at the
base.. x5 re oP
all or main veins
distinct noe

Substance thick ; all veins obscure

. Sori large in single rows

Sori medium, scattered

Fronds 4 to 1 foot long, +
broad ‘a

Fronds 2 to 4 inches long, $ to 1 inch
broad :

Sori small and copious,
irregularly .. sive

Sori large in irregular roWS ...

to 2 fichee

‘eoditered

Main veins peck distinct, veinlets
reticulated . es
Main veins noe ‘distinct, veinlets not

reticulated .. vst ave atte
Fronds pinnatifid i ae _
Fronds once or more pinnate ..,

ll.
10.

15.

3.
4.

. adnascens.
. rhyncophyllum.

5.

8.
7.

6.

. hirtellum.
. parasiticum,
. Enearifolium.

. assimile,

9.
10.
calvatum.

Lingua.

: superficiale.
. lineare.
. rostratum,

. irioides.

14,

. hemionitideum.

. normale.

16.
24,

351

16. Stalk winged to the base vie ee 17.
Stalk not winged to the base ... eee 19.

17. Wing of stalk lobed... vs .» 27. conjugatum,
Wing of stalk not lobed wae Res 18,

18. Fronds of two kinds ... iat . 28, Fortunet,
Fronds all shaped alike ee .» 25, dilatatum.

19. Stalk winged towards the top... — 20.
Stalk not winged as i an 21,

20. Fronds 3 or more-lobed, basal lobes

not the largest _... 22. pteropus.

Fronds 5-6-lobed, basal lobes largest 23. hemitomum.

. Fronds 3-lobed, but sometimes entire 21. Aastatum.

Fronds many lobed... sis svn 22.
Lobes wide apart, } to 14 inch broad 24, Phymatodes.
Lobes rather close, $ to 2 inch broad 23.

. Fronds including stipes 1 to 3 feet long 7. amoenum.

Fronds including stipes 4 to 8 feet long 26. longissimum.

24, Fronds once pinnate... 25.
Fronds more than once pinnate vl. punctatum.
25. Pinnae 1 inch broad or less... ‘fee 26.
Pinnae 14 inches broad or more we = 2. urophyllum.
26. Main veins distinct ... ate wine 27
Main veins not distinct is «-» 80. letorhizon.
27. Veins pinnate ; fronds proliferous... 28.
Veins not pinnate ; fronds not proliferous 29.
28. Lobes of pinnae less than one line deep 4. lineatum,

OO) St

10.

Lobes of pinnae over one line deep ... 3. proliferum.

. Veins 3 inch apart, pinnae crenate ... 29. Lehmanni.

Veins 75 inch apart, pinnae entire ... 7. Sampsoni.

P. punctatum, Thunb. ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. 312. Hong-
kong without locality; Taimoshan, Hongkong New
Territory.

. P. urophyllum, Wall.; Hook. et Bak. 1.c. 314. Mt. Parker,

Sheko, and Glenealy ravine, Hongkong; Taimoshan at
1500 ft., Hongkong New Territory.

P. proliferum, Presi ; Hook. et Bak. 1.c. 315. Lienchow River.

P. lineatum, Colebr.; Hook. et Bak. |. c. 316. Wet banks,
Lienchow River.

P. parasiticum, Mett.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 319. On a granite
rock in the course of a small stream above Causeway Bay,
Hongkong ; near the summit of Taimoshan, Hongkong
New Territory.

P. hirtellum, Blume ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 320. Taimoghan at
2600 ft., Hongkong New Territory.

P, amoenum, Wall. ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 341. Lofoushan.

P. Sampsoni, Bak. in New Ferns, 1892, 88. West River.

P. adnascens, Swartz ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. 349. Common
on rocks and trees, Hongkong; Stonecutters’ Island ;
Hongkong New Territory without locality ; near Chao-
chaufu,

P, Lingua, Swartz ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 350. Common on rocks
on Victoria Peak, Mt, Parker and elsewhere, Hongkong ;

11.
12.
138.
14,

15.

16.
17.

18.
19.

20.

21.

22.

23.
24,

25.

26.

27.

28.
29.

30,

352

Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory ; top of Phoenix
Mt., Swatow.

P. calvatum, Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1879, 304. Lienchow River ;
North River.

P. assimile, Bak. in Journ. Bot. 1875, 201. Limestone rocks,
Lienchow River.

P. rostratum, Hook. ; Hook. et Bak. 1.c. 353. Taimoshan and
Maénshan, Hongkong New Territory ; Lofoushan.

P. lineare, Thunb.; Hook. et Bak. 1. ce. 354. On the north

side of Mt. Parker, and in a ravine east of the Wongnei-
chong road, Hongkong ; near the top of Taimoshan, Hong-
kong New Territory ; Hoifung ; Lofoushan.

P. superficiale, Blume ; Hook. et Bak. 1.c¢.355. Victoria Peak,
Mt. Gough and Mt. Nicholson, Hongkong; Taimoshan,
Hongkong New Territory.

P. linearifolium, Hook.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 356. Lienchow
River ; North River ; West River.

P. normale, Don ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 358. Ona boulder in a
stream east of Wongneichong, Hongkong ; Hongkong New
Territory without locality ; Lienchow River ; West River.

P. rhyncophyllum, Hook. ; Hook. et Bak. I. c. 359. Pak-
kwa-ngan, Swatow.

P. irioides, Lam. ; Hook. et Bak.1.c. 360. Hongkong without
locality, Taimoshan at 1000 to 1500 ft., Hongkong New
Territory.

P. hemionitideum, Wall. ; Hook. et Bak.1.c. 360. Mt. Parker
north, Hongkong ; Taimoshan and Lantao Island, Hong-
kong New Territory ; Lofoushan.

P. hastatum, Zhunb.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 361. Hoifung ;
North River.

P. pteropus, Blume ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 362. On rocks in a
stream at Little Hongkong, Hongkong; Taimoshan,
Maénshan, and Hahang, Hongkong New Territory.

P. hemitomum, Hance in Journ. Bot. 1883, 269. Near
Fukshanmun on the Lienchow River.

P. Phymatodes, Linn.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 364. Mt. Davis
close to the sea, Hongkong; Centre Isle, Mirs Bay,
Hongkong New Territory.

P. dilatatum, Waill.; Hook. et Bak. lL ¢. 365. Mt. Gough
north, in swampy ground, Hongkong ; Chashan at 1200
ft. ; Lofoushan.

P. longissimum, Blume ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 366. In marshy
ground at the foot of Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory.

P. conjugatum, Lam.; Hook. et Bak. 366. Victoria Peak,
Happy Valley woods, Mt. Parker, and Cape d’ Aguilar,
Hongkong ; Taimoshan, Madnshan, and Tatityan, Hong-
kong New Territory.

Pp, py Kunze; Hook. et Bak. 1.c. 367. Lofoushan ; North

iver.

P. Lehmanni, Mett.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 369. Lofoushan at
3100 ft.

P. leiorhizon, Wall. ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 369, Wonglunkun,
Lofoushan,

353

24.—NOTHOCHLAENA.

1. N. hirsuta, Desv.; Hook. et Bak. 1. ¢.372. Aberdeen, Sheko,
and abundantly elsewhere on the south side of the island,
Hongkong ; common in the Hongkong New Territory ;
on the bank of the Han River, Swatow.

25.—GYMNOGRAMME.
Key to species.

1, Fronds simple, entire or nearly so... 2:
Fronds once or more pinnatifid oo 5.

2. Fronds dimorphic sie ing w+ 6, cantonensis,
Fronds not dimorphic ... or aa 3.

3. Fronds under 1 inch broad, thick ... 2. lanceolata.
Fronds 14 inch broad or more, papery 4,

4, Fronds 14 inch broad ... ae . =. 3. membranacea.
Fronds 2 inches broad. or more ink 6.

5. Fronds once pinnatifid sole «7, elliptica.
Fronds tripinnatifid ... ate .. 1. opaca.

6. Fronds suddenly narrowed half way
down ss ina ge we 4 Wrightii.

Fronds gradually narrowed into stalk 5. macrophylla.

1. G.opaga, Spreng.; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil.378. Lienchow River.

2. G. lanceolata, Hook. ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 387. Lantao, Hong-
kong New Territory ; Lofoushan at 900 ft.

3. G. membranacea, Hook.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 388. Little
Hongkong, Hongkong.

4. G. Wrightii, Hook. in Hook. et Bak. 1. ¢. 388. Shady ravine
on Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory.

5. G. macrophylla, Hook.; Hook. et Bak. J. c. 388. Taimoshan,
Hongkong New Territory ; near Yit-hai, Swatow ;
Lienchow River.

6. G. cantoniensis, Bak. in Hook. Ic. Pl t. 1685. Lienchow
River ; North River.

7. G. elliptica, Bak.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 389. Common in
ravines on Mt. Parker, Mt. Victoria, Little Hongkong and
Happy Valley woods, Hongkong; Maénshan, Hongkong
New Territory ; Lienchow River ; Lofoushan.

26.—BRAINEA.

1. B. insignis, Hook.; Hook et Bak. 1. c. 390. Victoria Peak,
Mt. Gough, Mt. Nicholson and elsewhere on exposed hills,
Hongkong ; Laptao Island and hills north of Kowloon
City, Hongkong New Territory.

2'7.-MENISCIUM.
Key to species.
1. Fronds simple ... sin sae we L. simplex.

Fronds pinnate... < te ave 2.

21515 - Z

354

. Pinnae 3 ise ae ew we 2, triphyllum.
Pinnae more than 3... vee ae 3.

. Edge of pinnae finely toothed a» 3, serratum.
Edge of pinnae not finely toothed .., 4. cuspidatum.

. M. simplex, Hook.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 390. In Glenealy
ravine, Happy Valley woods, Little Hongkong and
elsewhere, Hongkong ; Taimoshan and Mirs Bay, Hong-
kong New Territory ; hill near Chaochaufu.

. M. triphyllum, Swartz; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 391. Whampoa;
Lienchow River.

. M. serratum, Cav. ; Hook. et Bak. |. c. 392. Lienchow River.
. M. cuspidatum, Blume ; Hook. et Bak. I. c. 392. Taimoshan
at 2600 ft., Hongkong New Territory; Pak-kwa-ngan
near Phoenix Mt., Swatow.

28.—VITTARIA.
Key to species.

. Sori sunk in a 2-lipped marginal groove 2.
Sori in a slightly intra-marginal line ... 3.
. Veins obscure ... er iss .» Ly filipes.
Veins plain on ai or w. 2, elongata.
. Midrib distinct ; fronds 6 to 18 inches
long, 14 to 44 lines’broad ... .. 3. Lneata,
Midrib indistinct ; fronds 10 inches long,
under 1 line broad ... ae .. 4, earicina,

. V. filipes, Christ in Bull. Acad. Géogr. Bot. 1907,150. Slopes of
Phoenix Mt., Swatow.

. V. elongata, Swartz; Hook.et Bak, Syn, Fil. 395, Lofoushan.
. V. lineata, Swartz; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 396. Taimogshan,
Hongkong New Territory ; slopes of Phoenix Mt., Swatow.
. V. caricina, Christ in Bull. Acad. Géogr. Bot. 1904, 109.
Chaochaufu.

29.—DRYMOGLOSSUM.

. D. carnosum, Hook,; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. 397. Common
on rocks and trees in the Happy Valley woods and else-
where, Hongkong ; Lantao Island and Taimoshan, Hong-
kong New Territory ; near Chaochaufu,

30.—HEMIONITIS.

. H. Griffithii, Hook f. et Thoms.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 399.
Taimoshan at 2800 ft., Hongkong New Territory.

31.—ACROSTICHUM.

Key to species.

. Fronds simple ... oe ae s+ 1. austro-sinicum.
Fronds pinnate ... es shi see 2.

. Barren fronds under 6 inches long... 4. quercifolium.
Barren fronds more than 6 inches long 3.

355

3. Pinnae 3to7 ... ie oc sa 4.
Pinnae more than 7... Ae sis 5.
4, Terminal fertile pinnae over 1 inch
broad ri or ie .» 5. Harlandii.
Terminal fertile pinnae } inch broad... 6. flagelliferum.
5. Fronds including stipes 6 inches to 1 foot
long... oe ae re +. 3. appendiculatum.
Fronds including stipes 14 feet long or
more see oe ies nr 6.
6. Barren pinnae serrated towards the apex 8.
Barren pinnae not serrated... ise 8.
7. Edge of pinnae, fertile and barren, entire 8. aureum.
Edge of barren pinnae crenate 7. repandum.
8. Veins anastomosing 9. Blumeanum.
Veins free 2. sorbifolium.

1.

. A. austro-sinicum, TZwutcher ; Hlaphoglossum austrosinicum,

Matthew et Christ in Lecomte, Not. Syst. 1909, 57. On
the east side of Taimoshan at 2700 ft., Hongkong New
Territory.

A. sorbifolium, Linn. ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. 412. North
River.

A. appendiculatum, W%lld.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 415. Mt.
Parker south and Sheko ravine, Hongkong ; Taimoshan,
Hongkong New Territory ; Lienchow River; Lofoushan.

A. quercifolium, Retz. ; Hook. et Bak. 1c. 418. Near Wong-
neichong and Robinson Rd., Hongkong’; Hoifung ;
Lofoushan ; White Cloud hills, Canton ; Fungwongshan.

A. Harlandii, Hook. ; Hook. et Bak. l.c. 418. On Mt. Gough
in a shady ravine, Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hongkong
New Territory ; bank of the Han River, Swatow.

A. flagelliferum, Waill.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 418. Lienchow
River ; North River.

A. repandum, Blume ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 419. Common in
shady ravines, Hongkong ; Lienchow River.

A. aureum, Linn. ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 423. In the estuaries
at Taitam Tuk and Aberdeen, Hongkong ; Taipo, Taisui-
hang river and Wongneichau Bay, Hongkong New
Territory.

A. Blumeanum, Hook. ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 423. North River.

32.—OSMUNDA.

Key to species.

. Fronds simply pinnate ai «1 1, javanica,

Fronds twice pinnate ... me os 2.
Lateral pinnules + to 2 inch long ... 2. dipinnata.
Lateral pinnules 1 to 3 inches long ... 3. regahs.

O. javanica, Blume ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. 426. Common on
the banks of streams, Hongkong ; Taimoshan and Shatin,
Hongkong New Territory ; Lienchow River ; Macao.

21515 24

bo

3

. 0. bipinnata, Hook.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 426. Mt. Parker
above Taitam reservoir, Hongkong ; Long Harbour, Mirs
Bay, Hongkong New Territory.

. 0. regalis, Zinn. ; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 427. On Mt. Parker,
Mt. Gough and Mt. Cameron, but not common in Hong-
kong ; abundant on Madénshan, Hongkong New Territory ;
Lienchow River.

33.—LYGODIUM.

Key to species.
. Fully developed barren pinnules pal-

mate sie a vee «+L. dichotomum.
Fully developed barren pinnules pin-
nate... et iste: | (Ges sh 2.
2. Pinnules once pinnate ... ‘ie «2. scandens.
Pinnules twice pinnate at the base... 3.
3. Lamina of fertile segments much
reduced... 4, japonicum.

~

1

2

Lamina of fertile segments not reduced 3. pinnatijidum.

L. dichotomum, Swartz ; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. 437. Behind
the Buddhist temple, Causeway Bay, ravines on Mt.
Gough, Cape d’ Aguilar and in the Little Hongkong woods,
Hongkong ; Kowloon hills, Hongkong New Territory.

L. scandens, Swartz; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 4837. Common on
the south side of the island, Hongkong; at Shingmun,
Hongkong New Territory ; hill near Chaochautfu.

L. pinnatifidum, Swartz; Hook. et Bak. l. c. 438. Near
Fanling, and between Hokun and Kowloon City, Hong-
kong New Territory ; near Yit-hai Swatow.

. L. japonicum, Swartz ; Hook et Bak. I. c. 439. Very common

in the island, Hongkong ; near Shingmun, Hongkong New

Territory ; Whampoa; Macao ; Lofoushan.

34.—ANGIOPTERIS.

. A. evecta, Hoffm.; Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 440. Mt. Gough, Mt.
Parker, and Sheko ravine, Hongkong.

35.—OPHIOGLOSSUM.

Key to species.

Rootstock slightly tuberous; sterile

portion of frond lanceolate gradually

narrowed below... ee w+ lL. japonicum.
Rootstock not tuberous; sterile portion

of frond ovate rounded or sub-

cordate below ae sa s+ 2. pedunculosum.

. 0. japonicum, Prantl; O. nudicaule, Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. 445
(partly). In the ravine south of Wanchai Gap, Hongkong.
. O. pedunculosum, Desv.; O reticulatum, Hook. et Bak. 1. c. 446
(partly). A weed in flower pots in the Botanic Gardens,
Hongkong, and wild “above Victoria near the reservoir,’

357

EQUISETACEAE.
1.—EQUISETUM.

1. EB. debile, Roxb. ; Bak. Fern Allies, 5. South of Victoria Gap,
northwest of Mt. Kellet, above Pokfulam reservoirs, and
near Victoria fort, Hongkong; Taimoshan, Hongkong
New Territory ; Lienchow River ; Lofoushan.

LYCOPODIACEAE.

Key to genera.
Leafy ; sporangia orbicular, 1-celled,

2-valved... sae its we =o L. Lycopodium.
Leafless ; sporangia turbinate, 3-celled,
3-valved ... wie ies ww» 2, Pstlotum.

1.—LYCOPODIUM.
Key to species.

1. Sporangia not in distinct terminal spikes 2.
Sporangia in distinct terminal spikes... 4,
2. Leaves unaltered ; sporangia ina xils of

leaves 8 ‘ie te wie 3.

Leaves gradually passing into bracts ;

spike indistinct ; si iit

3. Leaves serrated; sporangia all down

the stem ae ate <a

Leaves not serrated; sporangia at the
top of stem... ; :

3. Fordii.
2. serratum.

1. Hamiltonii.

4, Leaves multifarious... sik es 5.
Leaves dimorphous, distichous «+ 8. carolinianum.
5. Spikes dichotomously forked; leaves
$to2inch long... a 4, Phlegmaria.

Spikes not dichotomously forked j leaves

under 3 inch long ... 6.

6. Spikes panicled, 1 to 3 inches long ... eo
’ Spikes not panicled, + to ? inch long... 5. cernuum.
7. Leaves conspicuously decurrent -» 6. casuarinoides.
Leaves not decurrent ... ‘ 7. clavatum.

1. L. Hamiltonii, Spreng.; Bak. Fern Allies, 10. Lofoushan.

2. L. serratum, Thunb.; Bak. 1. c. 12. Taimoshan, Hongkong
New Territory ; Kwaisin, Hoifung ; Lofoushan.

3. L. Fordii, Bak. 1. c. 17. Lantao Island, Hongkong New
Territory ; Hoifung ; Lofoushan.

4, L. Phlegmaria, Linn.; Bak. |. c. 22. Tingushan on trees ;
Lanfa Mt. on tree trunks, Hoifung.

5. L. cernuum, Zinn. ; Bak. 1. c. 23. Very common on the hills
in Hongkong and Hongkong New Territory ; hills near
Chaochaufu.

6. L. casuarinoides, Spring; Bak. J. c. 24. Taimoshan and
Lantao Island at 2700 ft., Hongkong New Territory ;
stream near Chaochaufu ; Hoifung ; Lofoushan.

21615 2A 2

eo ms

a

11.

12.

358

L. clavatum, Linn.; Bak. I. c. 26.
Swatow.
L. carolinianum, Linn.; Bak. 1. c. 28.

road, Hongkong New Territory.
2.—PSILOTUM.

. P. triquetrum, Swartz ; Bak. Fern Allies, 30. Mt. Victoria,
Mt. Gough, and in the Happy Valley woods in crevices of

rocks, Hongkong.

Top

High mountain east of
Wongneichong in a swamp and on top of hills at North
Point, Hongkong; in a swamp east of Shatin Pass

SELAGINELLACEAE,
1—SELAGINELLA.

Key to species.

. Bracts of spikes uniform F
Bracts of spikes dimorphous ...
. Main stems decumbent
Main stems ascending or erect
. Base of leaves of lower plane ciliated o
upper side ...

of Phoenix Mt.,

op

. concinna,

Base of leaves not ciliated aes 4,
. Leaves of the lower plane oblique, sub-
ovate, blue-green ... eae ve 1. “uncinata.
Leaves of the lower plane oblong-
lanceolate, pale green «2. semicordata.

. Leaves rosulate

. tnvolvens.

Leaves not rosulate 6.
. Stems ascending te
Stems erect 8.

. Leaves } to } inch long; stems 4 to

1 foot long ... es ws sia

Leaves 7}; to } inch long; stems 14 to

4 feet long, sarmentose

. Leaves of lower plane much imbricate
over the stem, close together

Leaves of lower plane slightly imbri-

1

2

cated over the stem, spaced 9. flabellata.
. Main stems ascending ... 13. tenera,
Main stems decumbent 10.
. Spikes } to 1 inch long 3. plumosa,
Spikes 3 to 4 inch long wc 11.
Bracts of spikes more than 1 line
diameter ae site ne 12.
Bracts of spikes 2 to 1 line diameter... 12. heterostachys.
Bracts of upper plane cuspidate ll. proniflora,
Bracts of upper plane lanceolate 10. xiphiolepis.

. atroviridis.

. canaliculata,

. caulescens,

. 8. uncinata, a! ; Bak. Fern. Allies, 48.
and Mt. Gough, Hongkong ;
New Territory ; Chaochautfu,

Victoria Peak
Lantao Island, Hongkong

bn

12.
13.

_

_

359

. §. semicordata, Spring ; Bak. 1. c.48. Mt. Gough, Hongkong ;

TAM mM mM wR

in a wood at Taiwai, Hongkong New Territory ; Chao-
chaufu.

- plumosa, Bak.; 1. c. 50. In Glenealy ravine above Conduit

Rd. and Victoria Peak, Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hong-
kong New Territory.

. concinna, Spring ; Bak.1.c.52. Hongkong without locality.
. atroviridis, Spring ; Bak. 1. c. 77. Not uncommon in shady

ravines, Hongkong; Lantao Island, Hongkong New
Territory ; hill near Chaochaufu.

. involvens, Spring ; Bak. 1. c. 87. On Victoria Peak, Mt.

Nicholson, Mt. Parker, and elsewhere, Hongkong ; Lantao
Island, Hongkong New Territory.

. canaliculata, Bak.; 1. c. 91. Mt. Gough, Happy Valley

woods, and Taitam catchwater, Hongkong.

. caulescens, Spring ; Bak. 1. c. 94. Lofoushan.
. flabellata, Spring; Bak. 1.c.98. Mt. Gough, Taitamtuk,

Happy Valley woods and elsewhere, Hongkong.

. xiphiolepis, Bak. ; 1. c. 108. Hongkong without locality.
. proniflora, Bak.; 1. c. 108. Little Hongkong, Hongkong ;

Lantao Island, Hongkong New Territory.

. heterostachys, Bak. ; 1.c.110. Hongkong without locality.
. tenera, Spring; Bak. 1.c.118. Victoria Peak, Mt. Kellet,

Mt, Gough, and shady banks on the Aberdeen New Road,
Hongkong,

RHIZOCARPEAE.
Key to genera.

. Land plant with single conceptacles,

containing one kind of sporange ... 2.

Floating plant; conceptacles double,

containing two kinds of sporange 3. Marsilea.

Leaves entire with anastomosing vena-

tion... . 1. Salvinia.

Leaves very email, bifid, simple veined 2. Azolla,

1.—SALVINIA.

. 8. natans, Hoffm.; Bak. Fern Allies, 135. North Point,

Hongkong ; ditches near Chaochaufu.

2.—AZOLLA.

. A. caroliniana, Willd.; Bak. Fern Allies, 138. Hast Point,

Hongkong ; Lantao Island, Hongkoug New Territory ;
Ngchungshan, north of Mirs Bay, near Hongkong.

8.—MARSILEA.

1. M. quadrifoliata, Linn.; Bak. Fern Allies, 139. Stream near

Chaochaufu ; West River.

360

INDEX.

Abelia, 122.
Abroma, 50.
Abrus,.82.
Abutilon, 47.
Acacia, 91.
Acalypha, 238.
Acampe, 266.
Acanthaceae, 196.
Acanthopanax, 119.
Acanthus, 199.
Acer, 67.
Achyranthes, 214.
Acorus, 289.
Acronychia, 56.
Acrostichum, 354.
Actinidia, 44.
Actinostemma, 113.
Adenanthera, 90:
Adenophora, 153.
Adenosacme, 130.
Adenosma, 185.
Adenostemma, 139.
Adiantum, 338.
Adina, 124. .
Adinandra, 43.
Aegiceras, 159.
Aeginetia, 191.
Aerua, 214.

Aeschynanthus, 192.

Aeschynomene, 77.
Ageratum, 139.
Aglaia, 58.
Agrimonia, 95.
Agyneia, 233.
Ailanthus, 57.
Ainsliaea, 149.
Ajuga, 212.
Akebia, 32.
Alangium, 120.
Albizzia, 91. -
Alchornea, 239.
Alectra, 189.
Aleurites, 237.
Alisma, 290.
Alismaceae, 290.
Allium, 280.
Allmania, 213.
Allomorphia, 107.
Alopecurus, 325,
Alpinia, 272.
Alniphyllum, 164.
Alocasia, 289.
Alsophila, 334.
Alternanthera, 214.
Altingia, 101.
Alysicarpus, 80.
Alyxia, 168.
Amarantaceae, 213
Amarantue, 213.

Amaryllidaceae, 274.
Amentaceae, 251.
Ammannia, 108.
Amorphophallus, 288.
Ampelidaceae, 64.
Ampelopsis = Vitis.
Anacardiaceae, 68.
Anagallis, 157.

. Anaphalis, 143.

Andropogon, 322.
Androsace, 156.
Aneilema, 283.
Angelica, 117.

_ Angiopteris, 356.

Anisomeles, 211.
Anisopappus, 144.

_Anodendron, 169.
‘ Anoectochilus, 267.

Anonaceae, 29.
Anotis, 128.
Anplectrum, 107.
Anthistiria see Themeda.
Antidesma, 236.
Antirrhoea, 132.
Apios, 83.

Apium, 116.
Apluda, 325.
Apocopis, 320.
Apocynaceae, 167.
Aponogeton, 291.
Aporosa, 236.
Appendicula, 266.
Aquifoliaceae, 59.
Aquilaria, 227.
Araceae, 287,
Arachis, 78..
Aralia, 118.
Araliaceae, 118.
Ardisia, 158.
Arenaria, 40.
Argemone, 33.
Arisaema, 288.
Aristida, 325.
Aristolochia, 219.
Aristolochiaceae, 219.
Artabotrys, 30.
Artemisia, 147.

. Arthraxon, 320.

Artocarpus, 247.
Arundina, 265.
Arundinaria, 330.
Arundinella, 318.
Arundo, 327.
Asarum, 219,
Asclepiadaceae, 169.
Asclepias, 170.
Asparagus, 278.
Aspidistra, 279,

Aspidium, 345,

Asplenium, 341.
Aster, 140.
Astragalus, 77.
Asystasia, 199.
Atalantia, 56.
Aitylosia, 85.
Aucuba, 120.
Avena, 326.
Averrhoa, 54.
Avicennia, 205.
Axonopus, 314.

Azalea = Rhodedendron.

Azolla, 359.

Baeckea, 104.
Balanophora, 230.

Balanophoraceae, 230.

Bambusa,, 331.
Barleria, 199.
Barthea, 107.
Basella, 215.
Bauhinia, 90.
Begonia, 113.
Begoniaceae, 113.
Beilschmiedia, 222,
Belamcanda, 274.
Berberidaceae, 32.
Berberis, 32.
Berchemia, 63.
Bergia, 41.
Bidens, 145.
Bignoniaceae, 195.
Biophytum, 53.
Bischofia, 236.
Bixaceae, 37.
Blachia, 238.
Blastus, 107.
Blechnum, 341.
Bletia, 263.
Blumea, 142.
Blyxa, 257.

Boea, 195.
Boehmeria, 249.
Boerhaavia, 213.
Boltonia = Aster.
Bombax, 48.
Bonnaya, 189.
Boraginaceae, 176.

Bothriospermum, 177.

Bournea, 193.
Bowringia, 87.
Brainea, 353.
Brassica, 34.
Breynia, 235.
Bridelia, 233.
Briza, 329.
Bromus, 330.
Broussonetia, 244.
Brucea, 57.
Bruguiera, 103.
Bryophyllum, 99.
Buchnera, 190.

361

Buddleia, 174.
Buettneria, 50.
Bulbophyllum, 261.
Bulbostylis, 300.
Bupleurum, 116.
‘Burmannia, 258.

.|, Burmanniaceae, 258.

‘Burseraceae, 57.
‘Buxus, 233.

Cactaceae, 114.
Caesalpinia, 88.

‘Cajanus, 84.

-Calamagrostis, 326.

:Calamintha, 209.

‘Calamus, 286.

.Calanthe, 264.
Callicarpa, 202.
Callitriche, 102.

‘Calophylium, 42.

-Calorhabdos, 189.
Calycanthaceae, 27.
Camellia, 45.
Campanula, 153.

Campanulaceae, 151.

‘Campanumaea, 153.

.Canarium, 57.

Canavalia, 83.

Canna, 273.

- Cannabis, 243.
Cangjera, 58.
Canthium, 132.

Cape Lyngmoon = Capsuimun.

‘ Capparidaceae, 35.

' Capparis, 35.

' Caprifoliaceae, 121.

‘ Capsella, 35.

‘ Capsuimun, Hongkong New Territory.
Cap Syngmoon = Capsuimun.

‘Carallia, 103. aan:

_Cardamine, 34.
Cardiospermum, 66.

‘Carex, 304.
Carpesium, 144.
Caryophyllaceae, 39.
Caryopteris, 205.
Caryota, 285.
Casearia, 110.
Cassia, 89.
Cassytha, 226.
Castanopsis, 254.
Cedrela, 58.
Celastraceae, 60.
Celastrus, 61.
Celosia, 213.

Celsia, 185.

Celtis, 243.
Centotheca, 329.
Centranthera, 190.
Cephalanthus, 124.
Cephalotaxus, 256.
Ceratopteris, 341.

Cerbera, 168.

Cercis, 90.
Ceropegia, 173.
Chamaeraphis, 316.
Chaochaufu, Swatow.
Chasalia, 133.
Chavica = Piper.
Cheilanthes, 338.
Cheirostylis, 267.
Chenopodiaceae, 214.
Chenopodium, 215.
Chimonanthus, 27.
Chionanthus, 166.
Chirita, 194.
Chisocheton, 58.
Chloranthaceae, 221.
Chloranthus, 221.
Chloris, 327.
Chlorophytum, 279.
Chrysanthemum, 146.
Chrysophyilum, 160.
Chrysopogon, 324.
Cicer, 81.
Cinnamomum, 223.
Cirrhopetalum, 262.
Citrus, 56.

Cladium, 302.
Cladrastis, 86.
Claoxylon, 238.
Clausena, 56.
Cleidion, 240.
Cleisostoma, 266.
Clematis, 25.
Clerodendron, 204.
Clethra, 155.
Clitoria, 82.

Cnicus, 149.
Cocciria, 112.
Cocculus, 31.

Cocos, 286.
Codonacanthus, 199.
Codonopsis, 153.
Coelachne, 329.
Coelogyne, 264.
Coix, 317.

Colocasia, 288.
Combretaceae, 103.
Combretum, 103.
Commelina, 283.
Commelinaceae, 282.
Compositae, 135.
Coniferae, 255.
Connaraceae, 70.
Convolvulaceae, 178.
Convolvulus, 181.
Conyza, 141.

Coptis, 27.
Corchoropsis, 52.
Corchorus, 52.
Cordia, 176.
Cordyline, 279.
Coriandrum, 118.
Cornaceae, 120.
Cornus, 120.

362

Corydalis, 33.
Costus, 272.
Cotula, 146.
Crassulaceae, 99.

. Crataegus, 97.
Crataeva, 36.
Cratoxylon, 42.
Crawfurdia, 175.
Crepis, 150.
Crinum, 275.
Crotalaria, 73.
Croton, 238.
Cruciferae, 33.
Cryptocarya, 222.
Cryptolepis, 170.
Cryptostylis, 268.
Cryptotaenia, 117.
Cucurbitaceae, 111.
Cudrania, 247.
Cumsingmum on the W. shore of the

Canton River, 10 m. N. of Macao.
Cunninghamia, 256.
Curculigo, 275.
Curcuma, 271.
Cascuta, 182.
Cyanotis, 284.
Cyathea, 334.
Cyathocline, 140.
Cyathula, 214.
Cycadaceae, 256.
Cycus, 256.
Cyclea, 31.
Cymbidium, 265
Cymbopogon, 323.
Cynanchum, 170.
Oynodon, 326.
Cynoglossum, 177.
Cyperaceae, 293.
Cyperus, 294.
Cypripedium, see Paphiopedilum.

Dactyloctenium, 327.
Daedalacanthus, 198.
Dalbergia, 85.
Damnacanthus, 133.
Dane’s Island= Whampoa.
Daphne, 227.
Daphniphyllum, 236.
Datura, 183.
Davallia, 335.
Delphinium, 27.
Dendrobium, 261.
Dendrocalamus, 331.
Dendropanax, 119.
Dentella, 125.
Derris, 85.
Desmanthus, 91.
Desmodium, 78.
Deyeuxia, 325.
Dianella, 280.
Dianthus, 39.
Dichondra, 181.

t

363

Dichroa, 98.
Dichrocephala, 140.
Dicksonia, 335.
Dicliptera, 200.
Didymocarpus, 194.
Digitaria, 314.
Dilleniaceae, 27.
Dimeria, 320.
Dioscorea, 276.
Dioscoreaceae, 276.
Diospyros, 161.
Diplacrum, 304.
Diploprora, 266.
Diplospora, 132.
Dischidia, 173.
Disporopsis, 279.
Disporum, 280.
Distylium, 101.
Dodonaea, 67.
Dolichos, 84.
Dopatrium, 187.
Dracontomelum, 69.
Dregea, 172.
Drosera, 100.
Droseraceae, 100.
Drymoglossum, 354.
Drynaria, 40.
Dunbaria, 85.
Dunnia, 125.
Dysophylla, 208.

East River approaches Canton from east.
Ebenaceae, 161.
Ebermaiera, 197.
Ecdysanthera, 168.
Echinocarpus, 52.
Eclipta, 145.
Ehretia, 176.
Hichornia, 281.
Elaeagnaceae, 228.
Elaeagnus, 228.
Elaeocarpus, 52.
Elaeodendron, 62.
Elatinaceae, 41.
Elatostemma, 249.
Eleocharis, 297.
Elephantopus, 139.
Eleusine, 327.
Embelia, 158.
Emilia, 148.
Endospermum, 240.
Engelhardtia, 251.
Enkianthus, 154.
Epaltes, 143. _
Epimedium, 33.
Epipremnum, 289.
Equisetaceae, 357.
Equisetum, 357.
Eragrostis, 328.
Eremochloa, 321.
Eria, 262.
Eriachne, 326.

Hricaceae, 154.
Erigeron, 141.
Eriobotrya, 97.
Eriocaulon, 291.
Eriocaulonaceae, 291.
Eriochloa, 314.
Eriosema, 85.
Erodium, 53.
Eruca, 35.

Erycibe, 178.
Eryngium, 116.
Erythrophloeum, 90.
Eugenia, 104.
Eulophia, 265.
Euonymus, 60.
Eupatorium, 139.
Euphorbia, 231.
Euphorbiaceae, 230.
Eurya, 43.

Euryale, 33.
Eustigma, 101.
Evodia, 55.
Evolvulus, 181.
Exacum, 174.
Exccecaria, 241.

Fangchun, W. River.

Fatoua, 244.

Fatshan, near Canton.
Faythong probably in the
district, N. of Hongkong.

Ferula, 117.

Ficoideae, 114.

Ficus, 244.

Filices, 332.

Filoitze, monastery near Tsingyun,
N. River.

Fimbristylis, 297.

Flemingia, 85.

Fleurya, 248.

Floscopa, 284.

Flueggea, 235.

Foeniculum, 117.

Fookukung or Fookwing = Fukwing.

Fordia, 77.

Fordiophyton, 107.

Forrestia, 284.

Fragaria, 95.

Fraxinus, 165.

Fritillaria, 280.

Fukwing, on the shore of the Canton
River, north of Hongkong New
Territory.

Fuirena, 301.

Funkia, 279.

Sanon

Gaertnera, 174.
Gahnia, 303.
Galactia, 83.
Galium, 135.
Garcinia, 42.
Gardenia, 131.

Garnotia, 317.
Geissaspis, 77.
Gelsemium, 173.
Geniospermum, 207
Gentiana, 175.
Gentianaceae, 174.
Geodorum, 265.
Geophila, 133.
Geraniaceae, 53.
Gerbera, 149.
Germainea, 323.
Gesneraceae. 192.
Gironniera, 243.
Gleditschia, 89.
Gleichenia, 333.
Glochidion, 235.
Glossogyne, 146.
Glossula, 270.
Glycine, 82.
Glycosmis, 56.
Glyptostrobus, 255.
Gmelina, 203.
Gnaphalium, 143.
Gnetaceae, 255.
Gnetum, 255.
Gomphostemma, 212.
Goodeniaceae, 151.
Goodyera, 267.
Gordonia, 45.
Gramineae, 307.
Grangea, 140.
Graphistemma, 170.
Grewia, 51.
Guttiferae, 42.
Gymnagathis, 107.
Gymnema, 170.
Gymnogramme, 353.
Gymnopetalum, 112.
Gymnotheca, 220.
Gynura, 147.

Habenaria, 270.
Haemadoraceae, 273.
Haemaria, 267.
Halophila, 257.
Haloraginaceae, 102.
Haloragis, 102.
Hamamelidaceae, 100.

Han River, extreme E. of province.

Hedera, 120. °
Hedyotis, 125.
Helicia, 226.
Helicteres, 50.
Heliotropium, 177.
Hemerocallis, 279.
Hemiboea, 195.
Hemigraphis, 198.
Hemionitis, 354.
Hemsleya, 113.
Henslowia, 230.
Heptapleurum, 119.
Heritiera, 49.
Herpestis, 187.

364

Hetaeria, 268.
Heteropanax, 120.
Heteropogon, 322.
Heterosmilax, 277.
Hibiscus, 48.
Hippocratea, 62.
Hiptage, 53. :
Hoan, 15 miles north of head of Mirs
Bay, Hongkong.
Hoifung, near the coast halfway between
Hongkong and Swatow.
Homalanthus, 241.
Homalium, 110.
Houttuynia, 220.
Hovenia, 64.
Hoya, 172.
Humulus, 243.
Huwangchuki = Wongchuki.
Hydrangea, 98.
Hydrilla, 257.
Hydrocharidaceae, 257.
Hydrocotyle, 115.
Hydrolea, 176.
Hydrophyllaceae, 176.
Hyrgophila, 197.
Hymenophyllum, 335.
Hypoestes, 200.
Hypericaceae, 41.
Hypericum, 41.
Hypolytrum, 301.
Hypoxis, 274.
Hyptis, 208.

Ichnanthus, 316.
Ichnocarpus, 169
Tlex, 59.
Illicium, 28.
Illigera, 103.
Tlysanthes, 188.
Impatiens, 54.
Imperata, 318.
Indigofera, 75.
Inula, 144.
Todes, 58.
Ipomoea, 178.
Tridaceae, 274.
Tris, 274.
Isachne, 314.
Ischaemum, 322.
Isotoma, 152.
Ttea, 99.
Ixonanthes, 53.
Ixora, 132.

Jatropha, 237.
Jasminum, 165.
Juglandaceae, 250.
Juncaceae, 285.
Juncellus, 294.
Juncus, 285.
Jussiaea, 110,
Justicia, 199,

365

Kadsura, 29.

Kaempferia, 271.

Kaikunshek = Cock’s-comb HKocks, W.
River.

Kalanchoe, 99.

Kandelia, 102.

Knoxia, 132.

Koelreuteria, 66.

Kowloon, mainland opposite Hongkong
Island partly Hongkong and partly
Hongkong New Territory.

Kyllingia, 296.

Kwaisin, Hoifung.

Kwangchow, French territory in 8. of
province.

Labiatae, 205.

Lactuca, 150.

Lagarosiphon, 257.

Lagenophora, 140.

Lagerstroemia, 109.

Laggera, 143.

Lamehin not yet located.

Lamium, 211.

Lanfa wountains 20 m. north of
Hoifung.

Lantana, 201.

Lantao, Hongkong New. Territory.

Lappa near Macao.

Lapsana, 149.

Lasia, 289.

Lasianthus, 133.

Lathyrus, 82.

Launaea, 151.

Lauraceae, 222.

Lawsonia, 109.

Lecanthus, 248.

Leersia, 317.

Leguminosae, 70.

Lemna, 290.

Lemnaceae, 290.

Lentibulariaceae, 191.

Leonurus, 211.

Lepidagathis, 199.

Lepidium, 35.

Lepidosperma, 302.

Lepironia, 301.

Leptochloa, 327.

Leptodermis, 134.

Lespedeza, 81.

Lettsomia, 178.

Leucas, 211.

Leucena, 91.

Licuala, 285. veo

Lienchow River, a tributary of the
N. River.

Lienfashan, Canton River.

Ligustrum, 166.

Liliaceae, 277.

Lilium, 280.

Limacia, 31.

Limnanthemum; 175.

Limnophila, 186.

Linaceae, 53.
Lindenbergia, 185.
Lindera, 225.
Lindsaya, 337.

' Lintan on Loting River.

Lintin Island, Canton River, near
Hongkong. ;

Lipocarpha, 301.

Liparis, 260.

Lippia, 201.

Liquidambar, 101.

Liriope, 273.

Lithospermum, 177.

Litsea, 224.

Livistona, 286.

Lobelia, 152.

Lofoushan Mountains near Kweichaufu
on the E. River. ,

Loganiaceae, 173.

- Lomaria, 341.

Lonicera, 122.
Lophatherum, 329.
Lophanthus, 210.
Lophotocarpus, 290.
Loranthaceae, 228.
Loranthus, 228.
Loropetalum, 101.
Loting River, tributary of W. River in
W. of province.
Lourea, 80.
Loxostigma, 195.
Ludwigia, 109.

_ Luffa, 112.

' Lukfo, W. of Canton.

‘ Lumnitzera, 103. ,
Lungmun, N.E. of Canton.
Lungtoyin, N. River.
Lycium, 183.

' Lycopodiaceae, 357.
Lycopodium, 357.

, Lycopus, 209.

‘ Lycoris, 275.
Lygodium, 356.

| Lysidice, 90.

: Lysimachia, 156.
Lythraceae, 108.

Macao, about 35 miles from. Hongkong
_ on the W. side of the Canton. River.
Macaranga, 240. eee a
. Machilus, 223.

; Maesa, 158.

' Maisaén, not yet located.

, Magnolia, 28.

. Magnoliaceae, 27.

| Malaisia, 244.

’ Mallotus, 240.

_ Malphigiaceae, 53. ;

’ Malum not yet located .! :

! Malva, 46.

. Malvaceae, 46.

’ Malvastrum, 47.

| Mangifera, 69.

366

Manglietia, 28. Namfom, not yet located.
Manisuris,.321. Namkong River, tributary of the N.
Maposhan, Lienchow River. River ?
Mawan, Hongkong New Territory. Nanwa Monastery, not yet located.
Mariscus, 296. Nasturtium, 34.
Marlea, 120. Navarelia, 26.
Marsdenia, 172. Nepenthaceae, 219.
Marsilea, 358. Nepenthes, 219.
Mazus, 185. Nepeta, 210.
Medicago, 74. Nephelaphyllum, 263.
Melastoma, 106. Nephelium, 66.
Melastomaceae, 105. Nephrodium, 346.
Melia, 58. Nephrolepis, 349.
Meliaceae, 57. Nerium, 168.
Melilotus, 75. Neyraudia, 328.
Meliosma, 68. Notungshan, just N.E. of Hongkong
Melochia, 50. New Territory.
Melodinus, 167. Nicotiana, 183.
Melodorum, 30. N. River, approaching Canton from
Melothria, 113. north.
Memecylon, 108. N. W. River, between N. and W. Rivers.
Meniscium, 351. Nyctaginaceae, 213.
Menispermaceae, 30. Nymphaeaceae, 33.
Mentha, 209.
Mesona, 207.
Michelia, 28. Ocimum, 206.
Microcarpaea, 189. Oenanthe, 117.
Microchloa, 326. Olacaceae, 58.
Microdesmis, 237. Oldenlandia, 128.
Microglossa, 141. Oleaceae, 165.
Micromelum, 56. Oleandra, 349.
Microrhamnus, 63. Onagraceae, 109.
Microtaenia, 211. Onychium, 339.
Microstylis, 260. Ookaisa, not yet located.
Microtropis, 61. Ophioglossum, 356.
Milletitia, 76. Ophiopogon, 274.
Mimosa, 91. Ophiorrhiza, 129,
Mimulus, 185. Ophiurus, 321.
Miscanthus, 318. Oplismenus, 315.
Mitracasme, 173. Opuntia, 114.
Mollugo, 114. Orchidaceae, 258.
Momordica, 112. Oreocharis, 193.
Monochasma, 191. Origanum, 209.
Monochoria, 281. Ormosia, 87.
Morinda, 133. Ornithochilus, 266.
Morus, 244, Orobanchaceae, 191.
Moschogma, 207. Oroxylum, 196.
Mosla, 209. Orthosiphon, 207.
Mueuna, 83. Oryza, 317.
Murraya, 56. Osbeckia, 106.
Musa, 273. Osmanthus, 166.
Mussaenda, 129. Osmunda, 355.
Myoporaceae, 200. Osteomeles, 98.
Myoporum, 200. Otanthera, 106.
Myrica, 251. Ottelia, 257.
Myricaceae, 251. Oxalis, 53.
Myriogyne, 146.
Myriophyllum, 102.
Myrsinaceae, 157. Pachyrhizus, 84.
Myrtaceae, 104. Pachystoma, 263.
Paederia, 134,

; Paeonia, 27.
Naiadaceae, 290. Pakhoi, seaport at extreme W. of
Najas, 291. province.

j

367

Pakong, tributary joining N. River at
Shaochaufu.
Paksha, 8. extremity of province.
Pakwan = White Cloud hills.
Paliurus, 62.
Palmae, 285.
Pancratium, 275.
Pandanaceae, 287.
Pandanus, 287.
Panicum, 314.
Papaver, 33.
Papaveracae, 33.
Paphiopedilum, 270.
Pardanthus, see Belamcanda.
Paris, 281.
Parnassia, 98.
Paspalum, 314,
Passiflora, 110.
Passifloraceae, 110.
Patrinia, 135.
Paulownia, 185.
Pavetta, 132.
Pedalinaceae, 196,
Peliosanthes, 273.
Pellaea, 339.
Pellionia, 248.
Pennisetum, 316.
Pentaphylax, 44.
Pentasacme, 172.
Penthorum, 100.
Peperomia, 221.
Pericampylus, 31.
Perilla, 209.
Peristrophe, 200.
Peristylus, 268.
Perotis, 318.
Petrocodon, 193.
Peucedanum, 118.
Phaius, 263.
Phaseolus, 84.
Phellopterus, 117.
Philydraceae, 282.
Philydrum, 282.
Phlomis, 212.
Phoenix, 285.
Phoenix Mountain, on the left bank of
the Han above Chaochaufu.
Pholidota, 264.
Photinia, 97.
Phragmites, 328.
Phrynium, 273.
Phtheirospermum, 191.
Phyllanthus, 233.
Phyllostachys, 330.
Physalis, 183.
Physurus, 267.
Picrasma, 57.
Pieris, 154.
Pilea, 248.
Pileostegia, 98.
Pimpinella, 117.
Pinellia, 288.
Pinus, 256.
Piper, 220,

Piperaceae, 220,
Pistaceae, 69.
Pistia, 288.

Pisum, 82.
Pithecolobium, 92.
Pittosporaceae, 37.
Pittosporum, 37.
Plantaginaceae, 212.
Planiago, 212.
Platanthera, 269.
Platycarya, 251,
Platycodon, 153.
Plectranthus, 207.
Pleurospermum, 117.
Pluchea, 143.
Plumbaginaceae, 155.
Plumbago, 156.
Podocarpus, 256.
Podophyllum, 33.
Pogonatherum, 320.
Pogonia, 268.
Pogostemon, 208.
Polanisia, 35.
Pollia, 284.

Pollinia, 319.
Polyathia, 30.
Polycarpaea, 40.
Polycarpon, 40.
Polygala, 38.
Polygalaceae, 37.
Polygonaceae, 215.
Polygonatum, 278.
Polygonum, 215.
Polypodium, 350.
Polypogon, 326.
Pongamia, 86.
Pontederiaceae, 281.
Porana, 181.
Portulaca, 41.
Portuldcaceae, 41.
Potamogeton, 291.
Potentilla, 95.
Pothos, 289.
Potisia, 168.
Poupartia, 69.
Pouzolzia, 250.
Pratia, 152.
Premna, 203.
Primulaceae, 156.
Primulina, 193.
Procris, 249.
Proteaceae, 226.
Prunus, 93.
Pseudanthistiria, 324.
Psidium, 104.
Psilotum, 357.
Psychotria, 133.
Pteris, 338.
Pterocarya, 250.
Pterolobium, 89.
Pterospermum, 50,
Pterostigma = Adenosma.
Pueraria, 83.
Pukak, Weichaufu District,

Pybus Island, probably near Hongkong.
Pyenospora, 80.

Pycreus, 294.

Pygeum, 93.

Pyrola, 155.

Pyrus, 96.

Quercus, 251.
Quisqualis, 103.

Randia, 131.
Ranunculaceae, 25.
Ranunculus, 27.
Rapanea, 158.
Raphanus, 35.
Raphiolepis, 97.
Raphidophora, 289.
Rauwolfia, 168.
Reevesia, 49.
Reineckia, 279.
Remirea, 302.
Rhamnaceae, 62.
Rhamnus, 63.
Rhapis, 286.
Rhizocarpeae, 359.
Rhizophoraceae, 102.
Rhododendron, 154.
Rhodoleia, 101.
Rhodomyrius, 104.
Rhus, 69.
Rhynchosia, 85.
Rhynchotechum, 193.
Rhynchospora, see Rhynchospora.
Ricinus, 240.

Rosa, 95.

Rosaceae, 92.
Rottboellia, 321.
Rourea, 70.
Roxburghiaceae, 276.
Rubia, 135.
Rubiaceae, 123.
Rubus, 94.

Ruellia, 197.

Rumex, 218.
Rungia, 200.
Ruppia, 291.
Rutaceae, 54.
Rynchospora, 302.

Sabia, 68.

Sabiaceae, 68.
Saccharum, 319.
Sageretia, 64.

Sagina, 40.

Sagittaria, 290.
Saichusen, near Canton.
Saichuson = Saichusen.
Saiheung = Suheang.
Saikeung = Suheang.
Sain, not yet localised.
Sainam, Canton.

368.

Saingan, Lienchow River.
Saishushan, near Canton.
Salix, 255.

Salomonia, 38.

Salvia, 210.

Salvinia, 359.
Sambucus, 121.
Samolus, 157.

Samtin, Lienchow River.
Samydaceae, 110.
Samyung, W. River.
Sanicula, 116.

Sanning, near coast west of Macac
Sanshui, Canton.
Santalaceae, 229.
Sanvitalia, 145.
Sapindaceae, 66.
Sapindus, 66.

Sapium, 241.
Sapotaceae, 160.
Sarcanthus, 266.
Sarcochilus, 266.
Sarcococca, 233.
Sarcopyramis, 107. -
Sarcosperma, 161.
Saurauja, 45.

Saururus, 220.
Saussurea, 149.
Saxifraga, 98.
Saxifragaceae, 98.
Scaevola, 151.

Schima, 45.

Schizocapsa, 275.
Schizostachyum, 331.
Schoepfia, 58. :
Scilla, 280.

Scirpus, 300.
Scitamineae, 270.
Scleria. 303.

Scolopia, 37.

Scoparia, 189.
Scrophulariaceae, 184.
Scutellaria, 210.
Sebastiana, 241.
Securinega, 39.

Sedum, 99.
Selaginellaceae, 358.
Selaginella. 358.
Selinum, 117.
Senebiera, 35.

Senecio, 148.

Serissa, 134.

Sesamum, 196.
Sesbania, 77.

Sesuvium, 114.

Setaria, 315.
Shapchaikam, N. W. River.
Shatan, not yet located.
Shekmun, near Canton.
Shiuhing Pass, W. River.
Shiukwan = Shuikwan.
Shuikwan = Shaochaufu.

Shuitung, 25 miles east of Kwangchow

Bay.

809

Sichusan = Saichusen.
Sida, 47.
Sideroxylon, 161.
Siegesbeckia, 145.
Simarubaceae, 57.
Sinchung, Canton.
Siphonostegia, 191.
Siukun, not located.
Siushi, Lienchow River.
Sloanea, 52.
Smilax, 273.
Smithia, 77.
Solanaceae, 182.
Solanum, 182.
Solidago, 140.
Solinkun Monastery, on Lofoushan.
Soliungkun = Solinkun.
Soliva, 146. ;
Sonchus, 150.
Sonerila, 107.
Soongkong Island, Canton River.
Sophora, 87.
Sopubia, 190.
Sorghum, 323.
Spathoglottis, 263.
Speranskia, 235.
Spermacoce, 135.
Sphaeranthus, 143.
Sphaerocaryum, 317.
Sphenoclea, 153.
Spinifex, 317.
Spiraea, 93.
Spiranthes, 267.
Spodiopogon, 319.
Sponia = Trema,
Sporobolis, 325.
Stachys, 211.
Stachytarpheta, 201.
Statice, 155.
Stauntonia, 32.
Stellaria, 40,
Stemona, 276.
Stenotaphrum, 317,
Stephania, 31.
Stephanotis, 172.
Sterculia, 49.
Sterculiaceae, 49,
Stereospermum, 196.
Stimpsonia, 156.
Stonecutters’ Island, Hongkong.
Stranvaesia, 98.
Streptolirion, 284,
Striga, 190.
Strobilanthes, 198.
Strophanthus, 168.
Strychnos, 174.
Stylidiaceae, 151.
Stylidium, 151.
Styracaceae, 162.
Styrax, 164.
Suaeda, 215.
Suheang, on the shore of the Canton
River north of Hongkong New Terri-

tory.

Suikong, not yet located. —

Swatow, treaty port in the extreme
E. of province.

Swertia, 175.

Sycopsis, 101.

Symplocos, 162.

Synedrella, 145.

Szetseshan, between Sanning and the
sea on the east.

Taccaceae, 275.

Taiiushan, near Canton.

Taimoshan, Hongkong New Territory.

Tainia, 264,

Tamarindus, 90.

Tamarixaceae, 41.

Tamarix, 41. 2

Tangha, Tanghashan, Taha 30 m. N.E.
of Shaochaufu. ; ‘

Taraxacum, 150. ,

Tashing, W. River.

Tecoma, 196. ;

Leinpak, Suitung Harbour, 50 m. EB. of
Kwangchow. ‘

Tephrosia, 76.

Ternstroemia, 43,

Ternstroemiaceae, 42,

Tetracera, 27,

Tetragonia, 114,

Teucrium, 212,

Thalictrum, 26,

Thelasis, 267.

Themeda, 324.

Thesium, 229,

Thladiantha, 112,

Thuarea, 317.

Thunbergia, 197.

Thymelaeaceae, 226,

Thyrocarpus, 177.

Thysanolaena, 318.

Thysanospermum, 125.

Thysanotus, 280.

Tiliaceae, 50.

Tingushan, near Chaukingfu, W. River.

Toddalia, 56.

Torenia, 187.

Torilis, 118.

Tournefortia, 177.

Toxocarpus, 170.

Trachelospermum, 169.

Trachycarpus, 286.

Trema, 243.

Trichomanes, 335.

Trichosanthes, 111.

Triumfetta, 51.

Tropidia, 267.

Tsingyun, N. River.

Tungkun, delta of E. River.

Turpinia, 67.

Tutcheria, 45.

Tyloo Island, probably near Hongkong.

Tylophora, 172.

Typhenium, 288,

'

370

Ulmus, 242. Webera, 130.

Umbelliferae, 115. Wedelia, 145.

Uncearia, 125, Weichaufu, E. River.

Unona, 30. Wendlandia, 125.

Uraria, 80. Whampoa, 6 miles E. of Canton.
Urena, 48. White Cloud hills near Canton.

Urtica, 248. Wikstroemia, 227.

Urticaceae, 241. Wistaria, 77.

Utricularia, 191. Wonchuki, not yet located.

Uvaria, 29. Wongmau Island, 15 miles S. of Macao,

Wongyu, not yet located.
Woodfordia, 109.

Vacciniaceae, 153. Woodwardia, 341.
Vaccinium, 153. Wrightia, 168.
Valerianaceae, 135. Wuling, near Chaochaufu.

Valisneria, 257.
Vandellia, 188.

Ventilago, 62. Xanthium, 144.
Veratrum, 281. Xylosma, 37.
Verbena, 202. Xyridaceae, 282.
Verbenaceae, 201. Xyris, 282.

Vernonia, 138.
Veronica, 189.

Viburnum, 121.

Vicia, 81. Yingfa, N. River ?

Vigna, 84. Yintak, N. River.

Villebrunea, 250. Yit-hai, between Phoenix Mt. and the

Vinca, 168. Han.

Viola, 36.

Violaceae, 36.

Viscum, 229. Zannichellia, 291.

Vitex, 204. Zanthoxylum, 55.

Vitis, 64. Zea, 317.

Vittaria, 354. Zehneria, 112.

Vrydagzynia, 267. Zeuxine, 267.
Zingiber, 271.
Zizania, 317.

Wablenbergia, 152. Zizyphus, 63.

Waichow, W. River. Zornia, 78.

Walitheria, 50. Zoysia, 318.

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