Tssued October 6, Tae. U. S. DEPARTMENT. OF . AGRICULTURE BIOLOGICAL SURVEY — BULLETIN No. 35 Hi W. HENSHAW, Chief DISTRIBUTION AND MIGRATION OF NORTH AMERICAN SHOREBIRDS BY! "WELLS W: (COOKE Assistant, Biological: Survey - WASHINGTON - GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE . 1910 Cornell University The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924090315643 Issued October 6, 1910. U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE BIOLOGICAL SURVEY—BULLETIN No. 35 H. W. HENSHAW, Chief DISTRIBUTION AND MIGRATION OF NORTH AMERICAN SHOREBIRDS BY WELLS W. COOKE Assistant, Biological Survey WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1910 LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. U.S. DepargTMeNntT or AGRICULTURE, Brotocicay SuRVEY, Washington, D. C., June 28, 1910. Siz: I have the honor to transmit herewith, for publication as Bulletin No. 35 of the Biological Survey, a report on the Distribution and Migration of North American Shorebirds, by Wells W. Cooke, assistant, Biological Survey. Many species of shorebirds inhabit the United States or pass through our territory in migration. These birds possess considerable economic importance, and as other wild game like ducks, geese, and swans diminish in numbers their value for food and as a means for sport will increase. J.arge numbers are annually killed, and unless prompt measures are taken adequately to protect them some of the larger and more important kinds are likely to become extinct, especially in the region east of the Missis- sippi River. A knowledge of the summer and winter abodes of the several species and of the routes they take in migration is essential to intelligent legislation in their behalf, and, accordingly, all the known facts in regard to this part of their life history are here brought together. Respectfully, H. W. Hensnaw, Chief, Biological Survey. Hon. James WIxson, Secretary of Agriculture. 2 CONTENTS. Introd UCtlOl sSssc4 Giawidsg dou cebicmniieintengideduamekeedne ence cimeeeer DistriPUblone ya. c ite as aah me er een as knee Tata ae ata tel AS Migration North American shorebirds...............02 00200 e cece eee ete cece ee eeeeecees European woodcock...........222.0.0 2c eee eee eee cece eee eee eee ceces Woodcock............- ia Ga niyaeersan Ac cecpebrstemiier aa a mee AO eT fala HUPOPCAal SMPs oc cavecjecciedadsmics csew aman pomieenwcieiden ewes sneer vees Wilson Sipe sass. sau sauw diaehtlsarudiiys meta diaaeteredeneenes Great SNIPE sico52:srtcspio ood aenaiberestenewdeabee swe esmaeteeeee tie cecmci’ Dowit ch eft sins own wiee sssicinienedss aaa cseieiey oe bis ares ba sieseseundid weawieietenne Purple sand plpotsc.ccccacnoxasscccemacaanueione cocina taaaree coerce genie Aleutian sandpiper.......-...-.......-- fconssteibiomieta Soubosyadass Gieeeenwwon Pribi lof Gand pipel cscs saiconasnane as eoemeeneee sneer ese acaee serene Sharp-tailed sandpiper........+.-....2- 2222 0eeeeeee eee cece eee e eee ees Red-backed sand piper: .c2sccccssceee a caeeeeee ress ees seanw ees coca Curlew sandpiper........... syed eatass dec aes tices Brcyastia cara yer apes tee aan eaes ual encya eas Spoon-bill sand piper so.s.2..5ccc.cbssiwiesenwiaded eee peau needa beebiaiemen cen Semipalmated sandpiper............-.--..2.-20-20- eee ee Eeseten cence Western: sand pipe? scccncccopencsdoncencecwnsiet wenreancmaieeeneeoentes Sanderling soicacssaiickieniisiareogars « eid dodanie oe oot Me eae iadetods Marbled god Wit-