Ape ys fJ"' 7 DAVIDS ISLAND PHASE I: A SHORT-TERM ECOLOGICAL SURVEY OF WESTERN LONG ISLAND SOUND US DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Marine Fisheries Service Northeast Region '^...fr^ MJDDLE ATLANTIC COASTAL FISHERIES CENTER .^^^*» -.r*-^* Informal Report No. 7 r- 7 DAVIDS ISLAND PHASE I: A SHORT-TERM ECOLOGICAL SURVEY OF WESTERN LONG ISLAND SOUND US DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Marine Fisheries Service Northeast Region jLA^e::^ ^o k MJDDLE ATLANTIC COASTAL FISHERIES CENTER Informal Report No. 7 U S. DEPAEU'ENT OF CO^^ffiKCE !!^^!?;;''' •'^"'^^^' ^^^ ^^T^^-^SFHE-T ADIUNTSTOATICK NATIOr^.LM.- ]'iSSSS- •- E MIDDLE r.s. ./. ^. , ,_ ._,__^. 'JL FiSIIEiuES CENTER SANDY HOOK LABORATORY HIGHLANDS. NEW JERSEY 07732 DAVIDS ISLAND PHASE I: A SHORT-TERM ECOLOGICAL SURVEY OF WESTERN LONG ISLAND SOUND by U. S. DEFT. OF COMMERCE NATIONAL OCEANIC i. ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE MIDDLE ATLANTIC COASTAL FISHERIES CENTER ECOSYSTEMS INVESTIGATIONS SANDY HOOK LABORATORY HIGHLANDS, NEW JERSEY 07732 5 December 1972 TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Materials, Methods 3 Results: Hydrography 7 Phytoplankton 8 Zooplankton 8 Crustaceans 9 Benthos 11 Fish Egg and Larvae 12 Finfish 13 Discussion 16 21 Literature Cited. . . Bibliography List of Figures . . . List of Tables. . . . List of Appendices. . Figures Tables C rt) u m <1) H -P I CJi +J c u o O v^ u t£ 01 ■H • > 2 CO +J u to o •rH (U J3 r-l ABSTRACT A survey of the biology and water chemistry of western Long Island Sound was conducted from April -September 1971. Temperature and dissolved oxygen were found to be fairly uniform between stations, and followed predictable seasonal patterns. Nannochloris atomus and red tide dinof lagellates were prominent in the phytoplankton. Acartia sp. dominated the small zooplankton, with a well-defined succession of A. clausii by A. tonsa in July. Larger zooplankters were mostly larval forms, especially zoea and megalopa of brachyuran crabs. Fish eggs often reached high densities in July and August. Larval clupeid, engraulid and labrid fishes were very abundant during this period. Tautoga onitis , Tautogolabrus adspersus and Scophthalmus aquosus were the mature finfish collected in greatest numbers. Benthic infauna were rare in deep-water samples taken in early spring, but were more abundant around Davids Island later in the survey period. Generally, the study area was con- sidered to support large and fairly typical populations of phytoplankton, zoo- plankton and larger fish and crustaceans. The area showed evidence of bacterial pollution, according to coliform data from several agencies. INTRODUCTION Extensive hydrographic and biological investigations have been made of central and eastern Long Island Sound (Riley, et al., 1956) and adjoining Block Island Sound (Riley, et al., 1952). No comparable study of the extreme western end of Long Island Sound (hereafter LIS), however, has been undertaken. The proposed construction of a steam electrical station on Davids Island in western LIS prompted the present study. The study was designed as a preliminary environmental survey, and included chemical and biological inventories to ascertain water quality and the abundance, distribution and seasonality of plant and animal life. This report summarizes data from eight cruises, each last- ing three or four days, made from April 12 through September 2, 1971. The study was, in part, funded by Battel le Northwest. A report was submitted to them on 22 November 1971. Principal participants in the various studies included Mr. Charles I. Gibson, Mr. Robert N. Reid, Miss Leslie H. Rogers and Mr. G. Newell Eisele. MATERIALS AND METHODS Field Operations Sampling was done primarily at seven stations (Fig. 1). At these stations water quality, hydrography, zooplankton and epibenthic sled samples were taken at least monthly. Samples from other stations and with other gear (otter trawl, clam rake, Smith-Mclntyre bottom grab, gill net and beach seine) were taken less regularly. A listing of the stations and collection dates for the various gears are given in Tables 1-8. Water quality and hydrographic data were collected at surface and bottom levels from stations less than 35 feet deep, and at surface mid- depth and bottom at the deeper stations (Fig. 2). Water quality samples were taken with a Van Dorn bottle. Analyses included measurements of dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll-a, inorganic phosphate, total phosphate, nitrite and nitrate. Hydrographic data (temperature, salinity and conductivity) were taken with a Beckman Model RS-5 salinometer. Phyto- plankton samples were taken with the Van Dorn bottle and fixed with a potassium iodide-iodine solution for laboratory examination, Zooplankton collections (Fig. 3) were made with #8 (0.203 mm mesh aperture) and ilO (0.569 mm) Nitex half -meter nets. A flow meter was mounted in the throat of each net to estimate volume flow. Oblique tows were made by lowering the net slowly from surface to bottom and retrieving at the same rate while moving ahead at about 1 nautical mile per hour. The samples were preserved in buffered formalin for laboratory examination. Benthic infaunal samples (Fig. A) were taken with a Smith-Mclntyre bottom grab (sampling 0.1 m of bottom) or a diver-operated stovepipe sampler (0.05 m'^) . Samples of epibenthic macrofauna (Fig. 5) were taken with a 6-foot wide clam rake fitted with a 2-inch stretch mesh net. The rake was towed for 5 minutes at each station. Collections of smaller epibenthic organisms (Fig. 6) were made by lowering the epi- benthic sled (0.569 mm mesh) to the bottom and towing for five minutes. The lowering and retrieval were done with the vessel moving ahead, so some contamination by pelagic organisms was possible. The samples were preserved in buffered formalin for later laboratory examination. Finfish collections (Fig. 7) were made with a 30-foot otter trawl with 2 inch stretch mesh wings and 1^ inch stretch mesh cod. The net was towed for ten minutes at 2 to 3 nautical miles per hour. The samples collected were either identified and measured on deck or preserved in 10% formalin for laboratory sorting. When possible, winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) were saved for future stomach content analyses. Finfish were also sampled with two other nets: a 50-foot mono- filament gill net, 25 feet of which was 4-inch mesh and 25 feet 1%-inch mesh; and a 35 foot knotless nylon bag seine with ^-inch mesh wings and bag. SCUBA diver surveys were made in the shallow, rocky areas around Davids Island. This permitted examination of areas not amenible to traditional sampling gear. Surveys were made from the beach to 20 feet of water in the areas shown in Fig. 8. Laboratory procedures Dissolved oxygen measurements were made by the modified Winkler method (American Public Health Association, 1965). Nutrient and chlorophyll-a estimates were made using the methods of Strickland and Parsons (1968). Phytoplankton samples (100 ml each) were concentrated 10- to 100-fold. Aliquots of concentrate were placed in four Palmer Nannoplankton Chambers and 10 microscopic fields per chamber were examined at 400 x. Nannochloris atomus (tentative identification) counts were made from unconcentrated aliquots using a haemocytometer. Zooplankton samples collected with #8 mesh net were diluted to a known volume, and subsamples examined until at least 300 copepods were counted. Copepods were identified to species; other organisms were classified to specific level or higher taxonomic groups. As with all organisms collected, identification was carried as far as possible but was often limited by lack of time, experience or available literature. Zooplankton collected with ^K) mesh net and epibenthic sled were sorted for larger crustaceans (i.e., mysids, decapod larvae), fish eggs and fish larvae. Entire samples were examined except those of very large volume (1 quart or more), of which only an aliquot was sorted. Benthic samples were sorted to the 1 mm level. Fish saved for stomach content analysis were measured, their stomachs removed and counts made of the identifiable organisms. Identification of food organisms was made to the lowest taxonomic group possible. RESULTS Hydrography In our study of western LIS, temperature showed little variation between stations measured on the same date, though large seasonal changes were evident (Figs, 9-17). Average surface temperatures rose from 5.5°C in mid-April to 22.1 in early August. Average bottom temperatures ranged from 4.7 on the April cruise to 21.2 at the end of August. Dissolved oxygen was also fairly uniform between stations measured on the same date, except for low values in Station 1 surface waters throughout the sampling period. Dissolved oxygen decreased from high spring averages (10-13 ppm) to 4.0 and 1.9 ppm in surface and bottom waters respectively, by early August (Figs. 7-19). Salinity rose slightly at stations taken moving east from the Throgs Neck Bridge, but was otherwise quite uniform both spatially and temporally during the course of this study. Mean salinities ranged from 25.1 o/oo (surface waters. Cruise 3) to 26.8 o/oo (bottom, Cruise 8). The small differences in temperature and salinity between surface and bottom waters at all stations indicate thorough mixing is taking place in this area of the Sound. Nutrient samples collected on our cruises have been processed and the data fed to our computer, but results are not yet available. Phytoplankton The phytoplankton was dominated numerically by Nannochloris atomus, a very small (less than 3p diameter) Chlorella-like algae. Nannochloris atomis densities showed no clearly defined changes with location or season in the sampling area (Table 9). Densities of the larger phyto- plankters (greater than 5 p) increased somewhat moving east from Throgs Neck to Station 6; peak densities tended to occur later in the season moving in the same direction (Table 9). Very high densities for Station 6 on July 22 and August 2 were cheifly due to the presence of the dino- flagellates Massartia rotundata and Prorocentrum micans, respectively. Computerized listings of phytoplankton species and their densities are given in Appendix 1. Zooplankton Species of copepods collected with #8 mesh net, and their order of abundance, are listed in Table 10. Acartia clausii was the dominant copepod from early April until the end of July. It reached peak numbers (over 4,4(X)/m-^) in early June. Acartia tonsa first appeared in early July and was the dominant copepod from mid-July to the end of the study in late August (Figs. 18-22). Other copepods present were Temora longicornis, Paracalanus parvus, Pseudocalanus minutus, Eurytemora hirundoides, Tortanus discaudatus, Oithona sp. and Tachidius brevicornis. Tortanus discaudatus did not appear in the #8 mesh net subsample but was found in ^/O mesh and epibenthic sled samples. Bivalve larvae became very abundant in early June and then gradually declined in number through the remainder of the study. Polychaete larvae were present in low numbers throughout the study period except for late June and early July, when up to 3,300/m3 were taken. Other organisms occurring in the #8 mesh net samples are shown in Table 11. Appendix 2 gives computer listings of all organisms collected with this net. Crustaceans Crustacean populations (exclusive of copepods) sampled by y/0 mesh net and epibenthic sled are summarized in Tables 12-32. The plankton was dominated by larval forms, especially zoea and megalopa stages of brachyuran crabs. Zoea and megalopa (glaucothoe) of pagurid crabs were next in abundance in the meroplankton. Also fairly numerous were zoea of the caridean shrimps, Crangon septemspinosus and Palaemonetes sp. Zoeal Thalassinidea (probably the burrowing shrimp Callianassa sp. ) . were occasionally collected. Of the holoplankton, only the opossum shrimp, Neomysis americana, occurred regularly. Crustaceans encountered in epifaunal sampling included, in addition to the above groups, adult Crangon septemspinosus , which were sometimes abundant, and smaller numbers of amphipods of several species, isopods (mostly Edotea triloba) and cumaceans. No seasonal succession of crustacean species was apparent in our collecting, though there was a well-defined progression of developmental instars over the sampling period. Crab zoea were present throughout this period, occurring in high densities (to 260/m3) from early June into August. Their numbers had diminished by the September 1 sampling, as was true of the planktonic crustaceans generally. Crab megalopa first appeared in our June 2A collections. They were most abundant in late July and early August, sometimes comprising a majority of the plankton biomass, but could no longer be found by September 1. Small numbers of postlarval crabs (Ovalipes ocellatus and Cancer irroratus) were taken from July 20 through September 1. Pagurid zoea were encountered from early June through September 1, with peak abundance in July and early August. Pagurid glaucothoe occurred in fair numbers from mid-July into August. Like the bachyuran megalopa, glaucothoe were not found on our final cruise. Larval Crangon septemspinosus were present throughout the study, and were slightly more abundant in mid- summer than at other times. Mature C. septemspinosus were fairly well represented in epibenthic samples from May to early August. Neomysis americana were collected on every cruise, with no clearly-defined population peak but several instances of very large numbers per tow. Zoea of Palaemonotes sp. and Thalassinidea were recorded from June onward; their numbers were always small in comparison with the above groups. 10 Distribution of these crustaceans varied little with changes in location in the area studied, except that Neomysis americana and adult Crangon septemspinosus were more numerous at deeper stations towards Throgs Neck than in shallow areas around Davids Island. "The rock crab, Cancer irroratus, was the most abundant of the larger crustaceans sampled by otter trawl (Tables 33-36) and clam rake (Tables 37-38) Lobsters (Homarus americanus) and hermit crabs (Pagurus sp.) were present in fair numbers. Calico crabs (Ovalipes ocellatus) and spider crabs (Libinia sp.) were infrequently encountered. All these crustaceans except hermit crabs were more numerous in collections from deeper waters near Throgs Neck than elsewhere. However, SCUBA surveys revealed that lobsters and crabs were also plentiful in rocky areas around Davids Island. Hermit crabs were often extremely abundant in these areas. Benthos Analyses of two series of benthic samples yielded contrasting results. Collections made in April with the boat-operated Smith-Mclntyre grab contained only small numbers of infaunal organisms, and species diversity was low (Table 39). Only Nassarius sp. (actually an epifaunal organisms) was present at all stations. 11 Samples taken in July showed a much richer benthic community (Table 40). This sampling was done with a diver-operated hand grab in waters less than 10 feet deep close to Davids Island. In addition to Nassarius sp. , the soft-shelled clam, Mya arenaria, was abundant, and polychaetes were present in fair numbers and diversity. Clam rake samples revealed scattered populations of hard clams (Mercenaria mercenaria) and small numbers of other benthic organisms (Tables 37-38), Diver surveys of the area revealed an abundant flora and attached fauna on most of the hard substrata in depths to 15 feet. Large beds of mussels (Mytilus edulus) , barnacles (Balanus sp. ) and sea lettuce (Ulva sp.) were observed. The barnacles and mussels were also abundant in the intertidal zone while the sea lettuce was confined to the sub- littoral zone. Fish Eggs and Larvae Fish eggs and larvae collected with =ltO mesh net and epibenthic sled are listed in Tables 41-61. Fish eggs were collected on all cruises, with densities increasing until June and remaining high through July. Their abundance dropped sharply in August. Species determinations have not yet been made on the eggs. 12 Fish larvae of 17 taxa were identified during the study. Their numbers increased from our first observations in April until mid-July, and then declined again. By September we were unable to find fish larvae. Eel elvers (Anguilla rostrata) , sand lance (Ammodytes americanus) and winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) were the most common species taken during April and early May. Windowpane flounder ( Scophthalmus aquosus) , hake (Urophysis sp.) and herring and anchovies (Clupeiformes) appeared in early June and remained until late August. The hake were present in low numbers and not found consistently at any station. Window- pane flounder larvae were plentiful at all stations. Clupeiform larvae were very abundant throughout the study area during this period. Larval cunner (Tautogolabrus adsperus) and blackf ish (Tautoga onitis) appeared in June and were consistently present at all stations until late August. Weakfish (Cyno scion regal is) larvae were found in low numbers in July and August. Other fish larvae collected were: Fundulus sp. , Enchelyopus cimbrius, Syngnathus fuscus, Scomber scombrus, Triglidae, Myoxocephalus octodecemspinosus, Menidia sp. and Sphaeroides maculatus. Finfish Otter trawl collections (Tables 33-36) were dominated by windowpane flounder ( Scophthalmus aquosus) and winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus). These two species comprised 847o of the catch. The majority of the flounder were caught at the deeper stations (1, 2 and 3). Another 13 13% of the catch was made up of cunner (Tautogolabrus adspersus) , tomcod (Microgadus tomcod) and blackfish (Tautoga onitis) . The remaining 37o was comprised of longhorn sculpin (Myoxocephalus octodccemspinosus) , eel (Anguilla rostrata) , whiting (Merluccius bilinearis) , fourspot flounder (Paralichthys oblongus) , striped sea robin (Prionotus carol inus) , common sea robin (Prionotus evolans) , Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) , porgy ( Stenotomus chrysops) , hickory shad (Alosa mediocris) and American smelt (Osmerus mordax) . A gill net, used in the rocky area east of Davids Island where trawling was not feasible, was set and worked four times. The time period from late afternoon to sunset was sampled twice, from sunset to early morning once and from morning to late afternoon once. No fish were taken during the morning to afternoon sampling period. The evening sets produced herring, blackfish and cunner and the night set caught blackfish and cunner. Table 62 lists the sampling times and fish collected. Haul seining was limited to two sandy beaches on Davids Island because of the rocky shoreline elsewhere. The common silverside, Menidia menidia, was the fish most frequently taken. Two other species of fish were collected, young herring (Alosa sp.) and sand lance (Ammodytes sp.). 14 Diver surveys revealed that large numbers of small fish inhabited the shallow, rocky areas around Davids Island. The most commonly- observed fish were young cunner. Young winter flounder were also abundant, with schools of 50 or more seen scattered over the bottom. i_^ Silversides were plentiful in the shallows during summer and fall. Large cunner and blackfish were found in almost every crevice during our night dives. Toadfish (Opsanus tau) , fourspot flounder (Paralichthys dentatus) , pipefish (Syngnathus fuscus) , puffers ( Sphaeroides maculatus) , sea robins and eels were observed quite often during the dives. The area appeared to have an abundant fish population. 15 DISCUSSION Our study indicates that the Davids Island region of LIS has a flora and fauna typical of a temperate estuary with the hydrographic characteristics previously described. Densities of the large phyto- plankton are similar to those reported by Riley and Conover (1967) for western LIS and by S. M. Conover (1956) for central LIS, except for the two instances in our survey (Station 6 on July 20 and August 2) where the dinof lagellates Massartia rotundata and Prorocentrum micans were present in extremely high numbers. Both these species have been reported by Sandy Hook scientists as major components of red tide blooms (Jay O'Reilly, Sandy Hook Laboratory for Environmental Relations of Fishes, pers. comm. , 15 November 1971). Riley (1952) reports lower cell densities for Block Island Sound (hereafter BIS) . He considers LIS populations an order of magnitude greater than the less nutrient-rich outer coastal waters, with BIS intermediate between the two. Neither of these investigators mention Nannochloris atomus, which we found in such great abundance. However, Hulburt (1963) recognized the occasional dominance of N. atomis in LIS flora. If desired, more data on the productivity of the area can be furnished after results of our chlorophyll-a analyses become available. The copepod community is Ac artia- dominated with densities comparable to earlier values found for LIS (Deevey, 1956) and similar estuaries (Deevey, 1952, BIS; Heinle, 1956, Patuxent River estuary; Herman, et al.. 16 1968, Patuxent; Jefferies, 1959, Raritan Bay; Yamazi , 1962, Sandy Hook Bay). The seasonal shift from Acartia clausii to Acartia tonsa in July is identical to that described by R. J. Conover (1956) for the central portion of the Sound. v^ The composition of the crustacean population in general shows good qualitative agreement with studies by Deevey on central LIS (1956) and BIS (1952), though relative abundances of some groups differed from the present study. Deevey also found brachyuran zoea to be the dominant larval crustacean form, with densities to 410/m . Megalopa, however, were much less frequently encountered in her collections than in ours. Pagurid zoea and glaucothoe were more numerous in our survey than in Deevey' s, and amphipods less so. Abundance of cumaceans, Neomysis americana and larval Crangon septemspinosus was similar in all studies. Deevey did not report the occurrence of Palaemonetes sp, zoea, which we found in small numbers. Hippolyte sp. and stomatopod larvae present in her surveys were not encountered in ours. Our benthic infaunal samples show an unexplained disparity. The April collections were almost devoid of life, while samples taken from shallower waters in July had large numbers of species and individuals. Sampling was not extensive enough to determine whether this difference was correlated to depth, season or some other factor(s). It appeared unlikely that the earlier population could have been limited by ambient dissolved oxygen, temperature or salinity. Later collections consisted mostly of young organisms; it may be that they had not yet been produced or were unavailable to our gear during the first sampling period. 17 Species of fish larvae present in the survey area agreed closely with Wheatland's (1956) data for central LIS. Larval densities were much greater in the present study. This was especially true for clupeiformes, with more than 20/m-^ frequently encountered in July, and a maximum of 56/m (compared to Wheatland's maximum of 3.6/m-'). Perlmutter (19 38) had earlier reported only small numbers of larvae of clupeiformes, rockling and windowpane flounder in west-central LIS. BIS was found to be similar in larval fish populations except for the presence there of larval cod (Gadus morhua) , yellowtail (Limanda ferruginea) and lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) , and the absence of rockling, winter flounder and Ammodytes sp. (Merriman and Sclar, 1952). The abundance of fish eggs and larvae in our study indicates that the area is an important spawning and nursery grounds for a variety of finfish. Diver observations also showed juvenile fish to be present, particularly winter flounder and cunner. Trawl information indicates the adult groundfish population is poor in abundance and variety. Because of limitation on the gear used and the study design, these data may be misleading. Surveys of local periodicals and interviews with fishermen and tackle store proprietors indicate that the area is productive and provides an excellent sport fishery for pelagic species such as striped bass (Morone saxatilis) , bluef ish ( Pomatomus saltatrix) , blackf ish (Tautoga onitis) and winter flounder (Fig. 23; from Freeman and Walford, Sandy Hook Lab,, unpublished data). 18 Commercial fishing in the immediate area is limited to menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus) and lobsters. LIS as a whole supports commercial fisheries for blueflsh, butterfish, blackback (winter flounder), fluke, menhaden, porgy and striped bass, with smaller catches of mackerel, sea bass, weakfish and several other species. Annual landings in LIS from 195A-1969 are listed in Table 63 (U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1954-69). The shallow waters support a lush epifauna and a heavy growth of sea lettuce. These observations, along with the previously-noted abundance of phyto- and zooplankton and larger fish and crustaceans, point up the productive, nutrient-rich condition of the western LIS. The area should be considered somewhat polluted. Coliform bacteria densities and BOD were not measured in our study; however, a survey of available data revealed portions of western LIS to be of unacceptable water quality in regard to these parameters. The Environmental Protection Agency (1971) found "Evidence of severe bacterial pollution, in violation of the water quality standards. .. in the East River, off Stepping Stones, off Hewlett Point, Eastchester Bay, .. .Little Neck Bay, Manhasset Bay " (Tables 64-65). EPA feels that "discharge of inadequately treated municipal and industrial wastes with their high concentrations of biochemical oxygen demand has resulted in seriously low levels of dissolved oxygen in violation of the Federal-State standards " in all but the last two of the above named locations (Fig. 24 shows sampling locations for all coliform surveys cited). 19 The Interstate Sanitation Conunission (1970) reported an increase in coliform density between LIS surveys made in 1959 and 1970 (Fig. 25). Yearly data from the New York City Harbor Pollution Survey (1956-70) show na clear-cut rise in coliform density at Hart Island or Stepping Stones during this period, though an increase in BOD is apparent (Tables 66-67). Also not covered by our study was a bird population census. Schierbaum, et al. (1959) mentions LIS as a wintering ground for many Atlantic Flyway marsh ducks, and a resting area for others. Bird counts for western LIS (1948-1970) from the New York Department of Environmental Conservation should reach this office by Nov. 22 and will be forwarded upon request. 20 LITERATURE CITED American Public Health Association. 1965. Standard Methods for the examination of water and waste water including bottom sediments and sludges. 12th ed. Amer. Public Health Assoc, N. Y. 769 p. Conover, R. J. 1,956. Oceanography of Long Island Sound, 1952-1954. VI. Biology of Acartia clausii and A. tonsa. Bull. Bingham Oceanogr. Coll., 15: 156-233. Conover, S. M. 1956. Oceanography of Long Island Sound, 1952-1954. IV. Phytoplankton. Bull. Bingham Oceanogr. Coll., 15: 62-112. Deevey, G. B. 1952. A survey of the zooplankton of Block Island Sound, 1943-46. Bull. Bingham Oceanogr. Coll., 13( 3):65-119. Deevey, G. B. 1956. Oceanography of Long Island Sound, 1952-1954. V. Zooplankton. Bull. Bingham Oceanogr. Coll., 15: 113-155. Environmental Protection Agency. 1971. Report on the water quality of Long Island Sound. E.P.A. , Water Quality Office, N. E. Region. 38 p. Heinle, D. R. 1966. Production of a calanoid copepod, Acartia tonsa, in the Paxtuxent River estuary. Chesapeake Sci. 7(2). Herman, S. S. , J. A. Mihursky and A. J. McErlean. 1968. Zooplankton and environmental characteristics of the Patuxent River estuary, 1963-65. Chesapeake Sci. 9(2). Hulburt, E. M. 1963. The diversity of phytoplanktonic populations in oceanic, coastal and estuarine regions. J. Mar. Res. 21(2) : 81-93. Interstate Sanitation Commission. 1970. Report on the Water Pollution Control Activities and the Interstate Air Pollution Program. 63 p. Jefferies, H. P. 1959. Plankton biology of Raritan Bay, Ph.D. dissertation, Rutgers, N. J. 21 Merriman, D. and R. C. Sclar. 1952, The pelagic fish eggs and larvae of Block Island Sound. Bull. Bingham Oceanogr. Coll., J^( 3) : 165-219. New York City Harbor Pollution Surveys. 1956- Stepping Stones and Hart Island. 1970. Perlmutter, A. 19 39. An ecological survey of young fish and eggs identified from tow- net collections. ^: A biological survey of the salt waters of Long Island, 1938. Pt. II. N. Y. St. Conserv. Dep. Rept. 22 : 11-71. Riley, G. A. 1952. Phytoplankton of Block Island Sound, 1949. Bull. Bingham Oceanogr. Coll. , 15(3): 40-64. Riley, G. A. and S. M. Conover. 1967. Phytoplankton of Long Island Sound, 1954-1955. Bull. Bingham Oceanogr. Coll., 19(2):5-34. Riley, G. A., S. M. Conover, G. B. Deevey, R. J. Conover, S. B. Wheatland, E. Harris and H. L. Sanders. 1956. Oceanography of Long Island Sound, 1952-1954. Bull. Bingham Oceanogr. Coll., 15. Riley, G. A., G. B. Deevey, D. Merriman, R. Sclar and H. L. Sanders. 1952. Hydrographic and biological studies of Block Island Sound. Bull. Bingham Oceanogr. Coll., 13( 3) . Schierbaum, D. , D. Benson, L. W. De Graff and D. D. Foley. 1959. Waterfowl banding in New York. N. Y. Fish and Game J., 6(1): 86- 102. Strickland, J. D. and T. R. Parsons. 1968. A practical handbook of sea water analysis. Fish Res. Bd. , Canada, Bull. 167. U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1954- New York landings. Commercial Fishery Statistics (1963, 1966 missing 1969. from our library). Wheatland, S. B. 1956. Oceanography of Long Island Sound, 1952-1954. VII. Pelagic fish eggs and larvae. Bull. Bingham Oceanogr. Coll., 15: 234- 314. Yamazi, I. 1962. Zooplankton communities of the Navesink and Shrewsbury Rivers and Sandy Hook Bay, New Jersey. Tech. Papers, Bur. Sport Fish, and Wildlife, No. 1. 22 BIBLIOGRAPHY Baird, S. F. 1873. Natural history of some of the more important food fishes of the south shore of New England. Rep. U. S. Comm. Fish and Fisheries, 1871-1872, Part 1:228-252. Balch, F. N. 1901. List of marine Miollusca of Coldspring Harbor, Long Island, with descriptions of one new genus and two new species of nudibranchs. Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 29(7) : 133-162. Bean, T. H. 1903. The food and game fishes of New York: Notes on their common names, distribution, habits and mode of capture. St. N. Y. Forest, Fish and Game Comm. p. 247-460. Calabrese, Anthony. 1970. Reproductive cycle of the root clam, Mulinia lateralis (Say), in Long Island Sound. Veliger 1^( 3) : 265-269 . Cheney, P. B. 1970. The development of a procedure and knowledge requirements for marine resource planning. Functional Step Tvro: Knowledge requirements. Travelers Research Corp., Hartford, Conn. 31 p. 23 Cheney, P. B. and R. H. Ellis. 1970. Marine resources planning and management for Nassau and Suffolk Counties, Long Island, New York. J. Mar. Tech. Soc. 4(2): 50-55. Cheney, P. B., F. A. Smith, R. M. Davis and R. 0. Brush. 1969. The development of a procedure and knowledge requirements for marine resource planning. Functional Step One: The classification of marine resource problems of Nassau and Suffolk Counties. Travelets Research Corp., Hartford, Conn. 67 p. Conover, S. M. 1954. Observations on the structure of red tides in New Haven Harbor, Connecticut. J. Mar. Res. 13: 145-155. Environmental Protection Agency. 1971. Report on the water quality of Long Island Sound. E.P.A. Water Quality Office, N.E. Region. 38 p. Finkelskin, S. L. 1969. Age and growth of scup in the waters of eastern Long Island Sound. N. Y. Fish. Game J. J^( 1) : 84- 110. Gross, M. G. 1969. New York City - A major source of marine sediment. Marine Science Research Center, State Univ. of New York. 24 p. 24 Gross, M. G., J. A. Black, R. J. Kalin, J. R. Schramel and R. N. Smith. 1971. Survey of marine waste deposits, New York metropolitan region. Marine Sci. Research Center, State Univ. of New York, Stony Brook, N. Y. Tech. Rep. No. 8. 72 p. Hardy, C. D. 1970. Hydrographic data report: Long Island Sound-1969. Marine Sci. Research Center, State Univ. of New York, Stony Brook, N. Y. Tech. Rep. No. 4. 129 p. Hardy, C. D. and P. K. Weyl. 1970. Hydrographic data report: Long Island Sound-1970. Part I. Marine Sci. Research Center, State Univ. of New York, Stony Brook, N. Y. Tech. Rep. No. 6. 96 p. Hillman, R. E. , S. G. Bloom, R. M. Davis, R. H. Engel, K. E. Jackson, W. E. Martin, P. R. Sticksel and C. A. Willinghara, 1970. Final report on environmental impacts in Long Island Sound - A scoping study. Report to Long Island Sound Study Group. Battel le Memorial Institute. Hulburt, E. M. 1963. The diversity of phytoplanktonic populations in oceanic, coastal and estuarine regions. J. Mar. Res. 21(2) :81-93. 25 Interstate Sanitation Commission. 1970. Report on the water pollution control activities and the interstate air pollution program. 63 p. Jensen, A. C. 1970. Thermal pollution in the marine environment. The Conservationist, Oct. -Nov. 1970. Le Lacheur, E. A., and J. C. Sammons. 1932. Tides and currents in Long Island and Block Island Sounds, U. S. Dept. of Commerce, Coast and Geodetic Survey. Special Publ . 174. 184 p. Mansueti, R., and Haven Kolb. 1953. An historical review of the shad fisheries of North America. Chesapeake Biol. Lab. Publ. No. 97. 29 3 p. McCrone, A. W. , B. F. Ellis and R. Charmatz. 1961. Preliminary observations on Long Island Sound sediments. Trans. New York Acad. Sci., 24( 2) : 119- 129 . Merriraan, Daniel and H. E. Warfel. 1944. Studies on the marine resources of southern New England. II. A preliminary analysis of the Connecticut trawl fishery. Trans, Ninth North Amer. Wildlife Conf, 1944. p. 230-239. 26 Merriman, Daniel and H. E. Warfel. 1948. Studies on the marine resources of southern New England. VII. Analysis of a fish population. Bull. Bingham Oceanogr. Coll., 1J,(4): 131-164. Morrow, J. E. 1951. Studies on the marine resources of southern New England. Bull. Bingham Oceanogr. Coll., 13(2): 1-89. Murchelano, R. A. and C. Brown, 1970. Heterotrophic bacteria in Long Island Sound. Mar. BioL , 7(1): 1-6. Neville, W. C. 1940. Conservation of striped bass. A study of certain marine fishery problems of Suffolk County, Long Island, N. Y. Survey by U . S. Bur. Fish, in cooperation with Board of Supervisors, Suffolk Co., N. Y. New York Conservation Department. 1938. A biological survey of the salt waters of Long Island, 1938. Pts. I and 11. N. Y. St. Conserv. Dept. Repts. 14, 15. Nichols, J. T. and C. M. Breder. 1927. The marine fishes of New York and southern New England. Zoologica. , 9: 1-192. 27 Oceanographic Committee of the Nassau-Suffolk Regional Planning Board. 1966. The status and potential of the marine environment. Nassau-Suffolk Regional Planning Board. 79 p. Ortolana, L. 1970. Quality standards for the coastal waters of Long Island, New York. Center for the Environment and Man, Hartford, Conn. 26 p. Parker, F. L. 1952. Foraminiferal distribution in the Long Island Sound -Buzzards Bay area. Bull. Mus. Concep. Zool., 106( 10) : 427-473. Rhoads, Donald C. 1963. Rate of sediment reworking by Yoldia lima tula in Buzzards Bay, Mass., and Long Island Sound. J. Sed. Petrol. 33( 3): 723-727. Richards, S. W. 1963. The demersal fish population of Long Island Sound. Bull. Bingham Oceanogr. Coll. , 18(2). Riley, G. A. 1948. Hydrography of the western Atlantic; the Long Island and Block Island Sounds. Woods Hole Oceanogr. Inst. Tech. Rep. No. 11. 30 p. Riley, G. A., S. M. Conover, G. B. Deevey, R. J. Conover, S. B. Wheatland, E. Harris and H. L. Sanders. 1956. Oceanography of Long Island Sound, 1952-1954. Bull. Bingham Oceanogr. Coll. , 15. 28 Rile^j G. A., S. M. Conover, R. R. Larkin, S. J. Altshuler, S. W. Richards and A. G. Carey, Jr. 1967. Aspects of oceanography of Long Island Sound. Bull. Bingham Oceanogr. Coll., J^(2). Riley, G. A., G. B. Deevey, D. Merriman, R. Sclar and H. L. Sanders. 1952. Hydrographic and biological studies of Block Island Sound. Bull. Bingham Oceanogr. Coll., 13( 3) . Riley, G. A., E. Harris, H. M. Schurr, P. J. Wangersky, S. W. Richards and R. W. Covin. 1961. Oceanography of Long Island Sound. Bull. Bingham Oceanogr. Coll,, 17(1):9-153. Schafer, C. T. 1968. Ecology of benthic forarainifera in western Long Island Sound and adjacent nearshore areas. Atlantic Ocean. Laboratory, Dartmouth, N. S. Tech. Rep. 48 p. Smith, F. A., L. Ortolano, R. M. Davis and R. 0. Brush. 1970. Fourteen selected marine resource problems of Long Island, New York: Descriptive evaluations. The Travelers Research Corp. , Hartford, Conn. 128 p. Walburg, C. H. and P. R. Nichols. 1967. Biology and management of the American shad and status of the fisheries, Atlantic coast of the United States, I960. U. S. Fish, and Wildlife Serv. , Spec. Sci. Rep. No. 550. 105 p. 29 LIST OF FIGURES Number 1- 8 Station locations at which the stated operations were performed. Pertinent land masses and water bodies are named in Figure 1 and omitted from the following charts. 9-17 Changes in temperature (upper graph) and dissolved oxygen (lower) with time for each frequently- sampled station. Data points for temperature are represented by squares; for D.O. , circles. 18-22 Graphs depicting succession of Acartia clausii by A. tonsa at Stations 1, 2, 6, 9 and 24. Solid lines represent densities of A. clausii; dotted lines A. tonsa. 23 Chart of productive fishing areas for bluefish (large dots), striped bass (heavy solid lines), tautog (light dashed lines) and winter flounder (small dots), plus areas frequented by lobster fishermen (heavy dashed lines) in western LI3. These data were collected from surveys of periodicals and interviews with persons connected with sport fisheries, by B. Freeman and L. A. Walford of Sandy Hook Lab. 24 Station locations for coliform surveys of Interstate Sanitation Commission and Environmental Protection Agency. Also located are Hart Island and Stepping Stones Rock, where N.Y.C. Harbor Pollution Survey data were taken. 25 Interstate Sanitation Commission graphs for coliform densities in East River-Long Island Sound, 1959 and 1970 30 NUMBER LIST OF TABLES 1-8 Stations at which the various collections were made, by cruise. 9 Phytoplankton densities, tabulated separately for Nannochloris atomus and for larger phytoplankton (>5 p) . 10 Copepods found in #8 mesh net collections, in order of abundance. 11 Other organisms observed in #8 samples. 12-18 Crustaceans other than copepods taken with epibenthic sled, by station. 19-25 Crustaceans taken with #0 mesh net, raw data. 3 26-32 #0 mesh net, calculated values for organisms /100m . 33-36 Organisms caught with other trawl, by cruise. 37-38 Clam rake-collected animals, by cruise, 39 Organisms found in April benthic samples, taken with Smith- Mclntyre bottom grab. 40 Organisms in diver-operated hand grab samples from July. 41-47 Fish eggs and larvae taken with epibenthic sled, by station. 48-5A Same, for #0 mesh net, raw data. 3 55-61 Calculated values for fish eggs and larvae/lOOm taken with #0 net. 62 Dates and times for setting of gill net, and fish taken. 63 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service statistics for commercial fish landings for the entire Long Island Sound, 1954-1969 (1963, 1966 missing from our collection). 64 Environmental Protection Agency data for collform bacteria density and BOD io western LIS, September 29-October 3, 1969. 65 EPA collform and BOD data, July 18 - 19, 1970. 66 NYC Harbor Pollution Survey data for temperature, BOD and collform density at Hart Island, LIS, 1956 - 1970. 67 Same, for Stepping Stones Rock, LIS. 31 LIST OF APPENDICES* Letter A Computer print-out of statistics generated from our phytoplankton counts. Densities are in cells/ml. A-1 Listing of numerical and alpha codes for phytoplankton species, B Computer listings of raw and calculated ( #/m ) data for zooplankton collected with #8 mesh net. Included is an explanation of the design of the computer program and the information printed with each sample listing. B-1 Summaries of average densities ( #/ra ) for each species by station and by cruise. B-2 Numerical and alpha codes for zooplankton species. * Appendices may be available upon request. 32 REGULARLY-SAMPLED STATIONS MAMARONECK • 6 Figure 1 45''55'N NEW ROCHELLE SO' ot^o xSV" .t^^ WHITESTONE 73''40'W Figure 2 WATER CHEMISTRY 45°55'N I 73 45 W 73°40'W Figure 3 ZOOPLANKTON 45°55'N |73°45'W 73°40''W Figure 4 BENTHIC SAMPLES 45''55'N 73°40'W Figure 5 CLAM RAKE STATIONS 73°40'W Figure 6 EPIBENTHIC SLED 45<*55'N r3°40'W Figure 7 OTTER TRAWL 45°55'N 73°40 W Figure 8 DIVER SURVEYS 45"'55'N I 73°40'W 25 Figure 9 Q 3 Apr 14 1^71 May 1 June 8 June 24 July 8 July 20 Aug 3 Sept Figure 10 Apr 14 1^71 May June 8 June 24 July 8 July 20 Aug 3 Sept 1 25 ^ Figure 11 20 - 15 10 10 6 - Apr 14 1971 May 11 June 8 June 24 July 8 July 20 Aug 3 Sept 1 25 , Figure 12 20 - 15 10 - STATION 5 Surface • • Bot-tom • • 5 - _ Apr 14 1971 May 11 June 8 June 24 July 8 July 20 Aug 3 Sept 25 Figure 13 20 15 10 - 10 8 - 6 - 5 - Apr 1971 May 11 June 8 June 24 July 8 July 20 Aug 3 Sept 1 25 20 15 Figure 14 10 - STATION 9 Surface Bottom 10 9 8 7 6 4 3 2 - Apr 14 1971 May 1 June 8 June 24 July 8 July 20 Aug 3 Sept 25 Figure 15 20 - 15 _ 10 10 - 8 - 5 - 4 - Apr 14 1971 May 11 June 8 June 24 July 8 July 20 Aug 3 Sept Figure 16 STATION 24 Surface Bottom -• 10 8 - 6 - Apr 14 May 1 I T I I i June 8 June 24 July 8 July 20 Aug 3 Sept 25 -1 20 15 10 10 7 6 5 i 4 3 Figure 17 STATION 25 Surface Bottom -• Apr 14 1971 May 11 June 8 June 24 July 8 July 20 Aug 3 Sept 1 Figure 18 100,000 10,000 o 2 y z) ■ U LU Q- LU 1,000 Z) z 100 STATION 1 TOTAL NUMBER PER CUBIC METER OF ACARTIA CLAUSII AND ACARTIA TONSA BEFORE 8 JULY 1971 NO A. CLAUSII OBSERVED AFTER 8 JULY 1971 APRIL. 1971 MAY JUNE JULY AUGUST Figure 19 STATION 2 100,000 TOTAL NUMBER PER CUBIC METER OF ACARTIA CLAUSII AND ACARTIA TONSA 10,000 - O O (J CO U LU UJ -Si z> z 1,000 - NO A. CLAUSII OBSERVED AFTER 8 JULY 1971 100 APRIL,1971 MAY JUNE JULY AUGUST Figure 20 100,000 STATION TOTAL NUMBER PER CUBIC METER OF ACARTIA CLAUSII AND ACARTIA TONSA 10,000 O O I y U LU m 1,000 CO Z) z •• NO A. CI^USII OBSERVED AFTER 8 JULY 1971 100 APRIL, 1971 MAY JUNE JULY AUGUST Figure 21 STATION 9 100,000 TOTAL NUMBER PER CUBIC METER OF ACARTIA CLAUSII AND ACARTIA TONSA 10,000, O , O _l UJ J— LU % y u UJ a. -Si z 1,000 100 NO AFT A, CLAUSII OBSERVED ER 8 JULY 1971 jj"' APRIL, 1971 MAY JUNE JULY AUGUST Fij^ure 22 STATION 24 100,000 TOTAL NUMBER PER CUBIC METER OF ACARTIA CLAUSII AND ACARTIA TONSA 10,000 - O O 2 u u UJ Q. LU CO NO SAMPLE 1,000 / NO A. CLAUSII OBSERVED AFTER 8 JULY 1971 100 APRIL, 1971 MAY JUNE JULY AUGUST STATION LOCATIONS FOR COLIFORM SURVEYS I-Interstate Sanitation Commission surveys NS-1970 EPA survey No letter-1969 EPA survey MAMARONECK Figure 24 45°55 N 73°40'W FIGURE 4 Figure 25 AVERAGE COLIFORM DENSITIES OBSERVED IN 1959 AND 1970 < - VALUE IS LESS THAN INDICATED >- VALUE IS GREATER THAN INDICATED O-I970 SURVEY Q-1959 SURVEY NAUTICAL MILES IS 14 15 16 17 18 19 21 SAMPLING STATIONS Cruise Date 12-15 April 71 Table 1 Core & Sta. Zoo. Samples Epl. Temp. & Dredee Sal. DO (<03 & P90S Otter Grab Trawl Samples Dives Phyto BS/CR Chl-a , 1 X X X X X X X 2 X X X X X X X X 3 X X X X X X 5 X X X X 6 X X X X X X 9 X X X X 9-23 X X X 23 X X X X 24 X X X X 25 X X X 4 X X X 7 X X X 8 X X 10 X X 15 X X X X 19 X ■ X X X ( - ' Zoo. Samples Epi. Dredge D.O. NO 3 Phyto B.S a /C .R • Chl-a - Zooplankton Samples #8 & #0 mesh net - Epibenthic dredge 8amples-#0 mesh net - Dissolved Oxygen - Nitrates '- Phosphates - SCUBA diving observations and benthlc sampling - Phytoplankton - Beach Seine/Clam Rake ' - Chlorophyll -a . Cruise Date 10-12 Nay 71 Table 2 Core & Sta. c I 1 Zoo. jamples Epl . Terap, & Dredge Sal. DO N03 & P90S Otter Trawl ! Grab Samples Dives Phyto BS/CR Chi -a X X 1 X X X X X X 1 2 X X X X X X X X •J X X X X X X X 5 X X X X X X 1 X 6 X X X X X X f X 9 X X 9-23 X X X ■ 23 X X X i 24 X X X X X X 25 X X X 7 X X X 1 1 19 X X X I 1 1 1 • i 1 1 i 1 i 1 i 1 , i 1 ■ 1 j 1 1 1 < Zoo. Samples Epi . Dredge D.O. NO 3 P2O5 Dives Phyto B.S./C.R. Chl-a Zooplankton Samples #8 & #0 mesh net Epibenthic dredge saraples-tfO mesh net Dissolved Oxygen Nitrates Phosphates SCUBA diving observations and benthlc sampllne Phytoplankton ** Beach Seine/Clam Rake Chlorophyll -a Cruise Date 8-9 June 7L Table 3 Core & Sta. Zoo. Samples Epi. Temp. & Dredge Sal, DO N03 & P90S Otter Grab Trawl Samples Dives Phyto BS/CR Chl-a ■ 1 X 1 X \ X X X X X X 2 X X .' i X X X { 1 I t X ! X 3 1 X X X j = "^ X 1 X ! 1 X X X X 6 X X X X X X X X 9 X X X X 9-23 X X X 23 X X X X 24 X X X X X X 25 X X X X 4 X X X i 19 X X X 1 X 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 Zoo. Samples Epi. Dredge D.O. NO 3 P2O5 Dives Phyto B.S . /C .R • Chl-a Zooplankton Samples #8 & #0 mesh net Epibenthic dredge samples-yK) mesh net Dissolved Oxygen Nitrates Phosphates SCUBA diving observations and benthlc sampling Phytoplankton * Beach Seine/Clara Rake ' Chlorophyll -a Cruise Date 24 June 71 Table 4 Core & Sta. Zoo. Samples Epi. Terap. & Dredge Sal. DO NO3 6. P9OS Otter Trawl : Grab Samples Dives Phyto BS/CR Chl-r. 1 X X X X 1 X 2 X i X X X X 3 X X X X 5 X X X 1 X 1 1 1 6 X X 1 9 X 9-23 X 23 24 X X 25 18-19 X I 1 j 1 1 1 1 - 1 Zoo. Samples Epi. Dredge D.O. NO3 P2O5 Dives Phyto B .S • /C .R • Chl-a Zooplankton Samples #8 & #0 mesh net Epibenthic dredge samples-^O mesh net Dissolved Oxygen Nitrates Phosphates SCUBA diving observations and benthic sampling Phytoplankton Beach Seine/Clam Rake Chlorophyll -a Cruise Jate 6-9 Jul>^71 Table 5 Core & Sta. Zoo. Epl. Temp. & DO NO3 & Otter Grab < Samples Dredge Sal. P90S Trawl Samples Dives Phyto BS/CR Chi -a , 1 X X X X X X X 2 X X X X X X X 3 X X X X X X 5 X X X X X X 6 X X X X X X X 9 X X X X 9-23 X X , 23 X X X X 24 X X X X X X X 25 X X X X 10 X X 14 X X 15 X X X X X 17 X B-S. 20 X X 26 • X 27 X 28 X 29 X 30 \ B.S. HI X I Zoo, Samples - Zooplankton Samples #8 & iKt mesh net Epi. Dredge - Epibenthlc dredge samples-^ mesh net D.O. NO 3 ^?^^ Dives Phyto B.S./C.R« Chi -a - Dissolved Oxygen - Nitrates - Phosphates - SCUBA diving observations and benthlc sampling - Phytoplankton «- o - Beach Seine/Clam Rake' ' - Chlorophyll-a f Cruise Date 20 July 71 Table 6 Core & Sta. < Zoo. Samples Epi. Terap. & Dredge Sal. DO N03 & P70S Otter Trawl Grab Samples Dives Phyto BS/CR Chl-a 1 X 1 X X X X C.R. 2 X X X X X C.R. 3 X ■ X X X ■ I C.R. 5 X X 6 X X X X X C.R. 9 X X X 9-23 X , C.R. 23 24 X X X ^ C.R. 25 X X 1 • i 1 y 1 1 Zoo. Samples - "Zooplankton Samples #8 & #0 mesh net Epi. Dredge - Epibenthlc dredge samples-^ mesh net - Dissolved Oxygen - Nitrates - Phosphates - SCUBA diving observations and benthlc sampllne - Phytoplankton «- o - Beach Seine/Clam Rake - Chlorophyll -a D.O. NO 3 P2O5 Dives Phyto B .S • /C (R • Chl-a Cruise Date 2-6 Aug. 71 Table 7 Core & Sta. Zoo. Samples Epi. Temp. & Dredce Sal. DO N03 & P?0^ Otter Trawl ! Grab samples Dives Phyto BS/CR Chl-a 1 X X ^ X 1 1 X X X X 2 X X X X X X X 3 X X X 5 X X X X X X 6 X X X X X X X 9 X X X 9-23 X X X , 23 24 X X X X 25 X X X 17 X B.S. 26 X 30 X 1 31 X X X ' 1 Zoo. Samples Epi. Dredge D.O. NO3 P2O5 Dives Phyto B.S./C.R. Chl-a Zooplankton Samples #8 & #0 mesh net Epibenthic dredge sample8-#0 mesh net Dissolved Oxygen Nitrates Phosphates SCUBA diving observations and benthlc sampling Phytoplankton Beach Seine/Clam Rake Chlorophyll-a Cruise Date 31 Aug. -2 Sept. 71 ^^^^^ g Core & Sta. Zoo. Samoles Epi. Temp. & Dredge Sal. DO NO3 & P90S Otter Trawl ! Grab Samples Dives Phyto BS/CR Chl-a 1 X X 1 k X X X CJl. X 2 X X X X X X X 3 X X X X X ■ i X 5 X X X X X X 1 6 X X X X X X X 9 X X X X X 9-23 X X X X X . C.R. 23 X X X 24 X X X X X X 25 X X X C.R. X 14 X X 15 X X C.R. 16 X X C.R. 20 X X C.R. 7 X X X X 13 • X 17 X 19 X X X X t 1 ._^ Zoo. Samples Epi, Dredge D.O. NO 3 P2O5 Dives Phyto B.S./C«R< Chl-a Zooplankton Samples #8 & #0 mesh net Epibenthlc dredge samples-^ mesh net Dissolved Oxygen Nitrates Phosphates SCUBA diving observations and benthlc sampling Phytoplankton Beach Seine/Clam Rake Chlorophyll -a PHYTO PLANKTON DENSITIES Total Phytoplankton, (> 5 ^) , cells/ml Table 9 Sta. 1 Sta. Sta. 11 May 1971 884 2229 9 June 1971 2744 4454 11832 24 June 1971 3491 6006 8 July 1971 967 7075 1631 20 July 1971 248 1910 51887 2 Aug. 1971 45597 4 Aug. 1971 452 943 2186 Nannochloris atoraas, cells/ml 11 May 1971 92,000 132,000 9 June 1971 350,000 160,000 171,000 24 June 1971 168,000 184,000 8 July 1971 142,000 143,000 101,000 20 July 1971 126,000 115,000 150,000 2 Aug. 1971 263,000 4 Aug. 1971 73,000 110,000 139,000 1 Sept. .1971 359,000 248,000 366,000 Table 10 COPEPODS LISTED BY ORDER OF DOMINANCE rank Acartia clausii 1 Acartia tonsa 2 Temora loneicornis 3 Pseudocalanus minutus 4 Tachidius brevicornis 5 Eurytemora hirundoides 6 Paracalanus parvus 7 Oithona sp. 8 Table 11 TAXA OTHER THAN COPEPODS OBSERVED IN #8 MESH NET SAMPLES Coelenterata medusa Bivalve larvae Polychaete larvae Gastropod larvae Balanus sp. nauplius Balanus sp. cypris Evadne sp. Podon sp, Neomysis americana Decapod larvae Siphonophora Chaetognatha Fish eggs and larvae CRUSTACEANS Table 12 Station 1 Epibenthic Dredge Organisms per 5 min tow CRUISES Brachyuran zoea Brachyuran megalopa Poaclarval brachyura Total Pagurid zoea Pagurid glaucothoe Total Cranson septemspinosus zoea C. septemspinosus postlaxrvae Palaemonetes sp. zoea Thalassinidea zoea Neomysis americana Amphipods : Ampithoe longimana Carinogammarus mucronatus Corophium sp. Jassa falcata Microdeutopus gryllotalpa Unidentified amphipods Edotea triloba Unidentified isopods Cumaceans Unidentified crustaceans Total crustaceans li .864 472 136 43 160 6 864 ; SI 5 30? 71 1 808 8 S6 7iq Rfi4 224 251 344 10? 6^'- 114 '?! 96 1 : 1 Q ! ^. 584 131424 5928 467 1 4264! 9 1 b 9 2 10 8 338 6 32 21 12 V 2 SR4 1314S6 7216 2429 6022 CRUSTACEANS Table 13 Station Epibenthic Dredge Organisms per 5 mln tow CRUISES Brachyuran zoea Brachyuran megalopa Post larval brachyura Total Pagurid zoea Pagurid glaucothoe Total Crangon septemspinosua zoea C. septemspinosus postlarvae Palaemonetes sp. zoea Thalassinidea zoea Neomysis americana Amphipods : Ampithoe longimana CarinoRammarus mucronatus Corophium sp. Jassa falcata Microdeutopus gryllotalpa Unidentified amphipods Edotea triloba Unidentified isopods Cumaceans Unidentified crustaceans Total crustaceans 44' 1464! 1264 432 ■ 1 35 3008 2 6 2 44 1464 '1299 3446 10 286 3 56 1 183 10 286 539 2 56 85 47 10 ! ! 1 ! • 1 16-. 58 ! •'■ li ■ 41 g i ( i H 2917 1 861 4! 1340! 0 1 11, 0 3 1 4 1 3 1 24 16 4 V 8 2933 48 16^ 17181 5462 CRUSTACEANS Table 14 Station Eplbenthic Dredge Organisms per 5 mln tow CRUISES Brachyuran zoea Brachyuran megalopa Post larval brachyura Total Pagurid zoea Pagurid glaucothoe Total Crangon sept ems pino sua zoea C. septemspinosus post larvae Palaemonetes sp. zoea Thalassinidea zoea Neomysis amcricana Amphipods : Ampithoe longimana Carinogammarus mucronatus Corophium sp. Jassa falcata Microdeutopus gryllotalpa Unidentified amphipods Edotea triloba Unidentified isopods Cumaceans Unidentified crustaceans Total crustaceans 14? 1896 120 787- 2744 272 1 1 14 ■4640 •^9-^ 7fia 91ft ■\m' 4-^ 15 185' 1 9^1 554l U3I i i 10 7Ll\ ?7P,i 7 ! 1' 19C,! ! ! 1 ?■ isi in i . ■; 1 2 147 1 — 1 w u , ' s 6 952i 1149i 95l o — C/5 H H Z Z 1 2 1 1 5 V 2 31 6782 2527 1092 CRUSTACEANS Table 15 Station 5 Epibei.chic Dredge Organisms per 5 min tow CRUISES Brachyuran zoea Brachyuran megalopa Post larval brachyura Total Pagurid zoea Pagurid glaucothoe Total Crangon septemspinosus zoea C. septemspinosus post larvae Palaemonetes sp. zoea Thalassinidea zoea Neomysis americana Amphipods : Ampithoe longimana Carinogammarus mucronatus Corophium sp. Jassa falcata Microdeutopus gryllotalpa Unidentified amphipods Edotea triloba Unidentified isopoda Cumaceans Unidentified crustaceans Total crustaceans ! 439 1616 42 •! 1 48 147 1 43 L-KQ .1664 232 4 127 184 4 75 4 13ll 259 1 6 339i 39 ! 5^ 704 i i 27 6 1 o 1 LJ w 1 H ' S t r> eA O 2! 64'i 6736i ?n 1 i ^ y o 1 2 c X. C 4S3l 2231 7981 CRUSTACEANS Table 16 Station 6 Epibenthic Dredge Organisms per 5 min tow CRUISES Brachyuran zoea Brachyuran megalopa Post larval brachyura Total Pagurid zoea Pagurid glaucothoe Total Crangon septemspinosus zoea C. septemspinosus postlarvae Palaemonetes sp. zoea Thalassinidea zoea Neomysis americana Amphipods : Ampithoe longimana Carinogammarus mucronatus Corophium sp. Jassa falcata Microdeutopus gryllotalpa Unidentified amphipods Edotea triloba Unidentified isopods Cumaceans Unidentified crustaceans Total crustaceans Al 956 1256 35A88 791- 2 2700 , ; • / n Al 9Sfi ■12'^Q 3R199 791 7S6 3A 28 5 39 761 73 2d 25 17 103 1 i! 18 19 ' \ ; 11 13 i ( ; 26 21 1 V 1 lOA ?fi fifi 97? ?1 A2 38399 833 CRUSTACEANS Table 17 Station 9-23 Epibenthic Dredge Organisms per s min rnw CRUISES Brachyuran zoea Brachyuran megalopa Post larval brachyura Total Pagurid zoea Pagurid glaucothoe Total Crangon sept ems pinosus zoea C. sept ems pinosus postlarvae Palaemonetes sp. zoea Thalassinidea zoea Neomysis americana Amphipods : Ampithoe lonsimana Carinogammarus mucronatus Corophium sp. Jassa falcata Microdputopus gryllotalpa Unidentified amphipods Edotea triloba Unidentified isopods Cumaceans Unidentified crustaceans Total crustaceans f 202I 528 6112 . 1 43 9n? ■' S?fi 61 SS 1 22 29 q 1 22 18 4 12 144 ! 3 - 5; 27 ] i : ll a I ! S 3 6816 ! 2i 5 CD 0 ^ 1 N 11 ^ fi9fin 2Q1 'i'i'i 62 "iO CRUSTACEANS Table 18 Station 24 Eplbenthic Dredge Organisms per 5 min tow CRUISES Brachyuran zoea Brachyuran megalopa Post larval brachyur* Total Pagurid zoea Pagurid glaucothoe Total Crangon septemspinosus zoea C. septemspinosus postlairvae Palaemonetes sp. zoea Thalassinidea zoea Neomysis americana Amphipods : Ampithoe longimana Carinogammarus mucronatus Corophium sp. Jassa falcata Microdeutopus gryllotalpa Unidentified amphipods Edotea triloba Unidentified isopods Cumaceans Unidentified crustaceans Total crustaceans 2A 212 1320 3 24 21? '1323 2 190 1 2 191 S SO 40 I i i 1 v.. i i 1 _ 1 w i w 232 Di ! ci CO CO H ! H 2 z 1 48 8 V 8 0 160 2iq IWI Table 19 Station 1 CRUSTACEAiNS #0 Mesh Net Organisms per tow CRUISES Brachyuran zoea Brachyuran megalopa Post larval brachyura Total Pagurid zoea Pagurid glaucothoe Total CranRon septemspinosus zoea C. septemspinosus postlarvae Palaemonetes sp. zoea Thalassinidea zoea Neomysis americana Amphipods : Ampithoe longimana Carinogammarus mucronatus Corophium sp. Jassa falcata Microdeutopus gryllotalpa Unidentified amphipods Edotea triloba Unidentified isopods Cumaceans Unidentified crustaceans Total crustaceans 1 23 2050 863 560 608 • . 142 70? 2 6 38 1 23 2050 . 865 566 646 14? 7n? 294 63 448 3 20 201 4 16 6 294 63 448 336 207 4 2 89 522 17 227 190 95 17 2 8 1 i 19 15 85 4 i i i 125 600 3632 7 298 94 88 5 2 1 3 2 1 1 3 1 1 • 1 1 128 718 6499 952 1559 1283 635 231 Crustaceans Table 20 Station # 0 Mesh Net Organisms per tow CRUISES Brachyuran zoea Brachyuran megalopa Post larval brachyura Total Pagurid zoea Pagurid glaucothoe Total Crangon septemspinosus zoea C. septemspinosus post larvae Palaemonetes sp. zoea Thalassinidea zoea Neomysls americana Amphipods : Ampithoe longimana Carincgammarus mucronatus Corophium sp, Jassa falcata Microdeutopus gryllotalpa Unidentified amphipods Edotea triloba Unidentified Isopods Cumaceans Unidentified crustaceans Total crustaceans 96 1488 1091 920 560 30Q Tl 7 4 12 608 463 1 96 1488 •1095 932 1168 773 317 35 71 230 23 6 1 9 11 35 71 230 32 17 1 1 98 35 162 52 10 11 1 4 28 23 23 1 1 1 1 35 7 2 4 9 ■ 2 4 1 • 4 1 , 1 98 1^57 121;^ 135^ 12?7 §26 332 Crustaceans Table 21 Station # 0 Mesh Net Organisms per tow CRUISES Brachyuran zoea Brachyuran megalopa Post larval brachyura Total Pagurid zoea Pagurid glaucothoe Total Crangon sept ems plnosus zoea C. sept ems plnosus post larvae Palaemonetes sp. zoea Thalasslnldea zoea Neomysis americana Amphipods : Ampithoe longlmana Carinogammarus mucronatus Corophium sp. Jassa falcata Microdeutopus gryllotalpa Unidentified amphipods Edotea triloba Unidentified Isopods Cumaceans Unidentified crustaceans Total crustaceans 443 1560 765 1880 141 12 154 289 443 ■1572 919 2169 141 8 228 785 S 2 36 J 8 2.30 821 5 1 40 1.37 1568 23 i ll( IS 22 1 i_ ■ 3 11 52 R— ^ w -J W 1- ^ 7 1 — V3 . wo ., 4 § — en ^ H H . -^ - ^ 1 1 1 1 • 1 444 lfi^?l 13 ?5 4632 180 Crustaceans Table 22 Station # 0 Mesh Net Organisms per tow CRUISES Brachyuran zoea Brachyuran megalopa Post larval brachyura Total Pagurid zoea Pagurid glaucothoe Total Crangon septemspinosus zoea C. septemspinosus postlarvae Palaemonetes sp. zoea Thalassinidea zoea Neomysis americana Amphipods : Ampithoe longimana Carinogammarus mucronatus Corophium sp. Jassa falcata Microdeutopus gryllotalpa Unidentified amphipods Edotea triloba Unidentified isopods Cumaceans Unidentified crustaceans Total crustaceans 71 qi ? sftqq 10S0 ■ . 73 47 f> 99 7 9 ■ 1 1 on Q] 9 ■ S7ns in7q 1S6 47 1 1 1 216 5 2 9 1 11 216 14 2 41 99 433 1 1 1 2 t 10 ! 19 12 30 3 a o J - ^ 5 C/) w H 1 z Z I 4 3 • 98 955 SR?9l 1781 188 50 Crustaceans Table 23 Station # 0 Mesh Net Organisms per tov CRUISES 4 5 Brachyuran zoea Brachyuran megalopa Post larval brachyura Total Pagurid zoea Pagurid glaucothoe Total Crangon sept ems pinosus zoea £• septemspinosus i>ost larvae Palaemonetes sp. zoea Thalassinidea zoea Neomysis americana Amphipods : Ampithoe longimana Carinogammarus mucronatus Corophium sp. Jassa falcata Microdeutopus gryllotalpa Unidentified amphipods Edotea triloba Unidentified isopods Cumaceans Unidentified crustaceans Total crustaceans 36 302 979 936 1429 724 88 13 99 596 1 3 36 302 •99 2 936 1529 1323 88 4 32 113 185 6 3 15 1 4 32 116 200 7 I 14 25 22 1 i 5 9 7 9 1 ! 7 1 - 1 1 *11 2 ., n . 36. 207 1051 1087 1 1771 1 1341 1 88 Table 24 Station 9-23 CRUSTACEANS # 0 Mesh Net Organisms per tow CRUISES Brachyuran zoea Brachyuran megalopa Post larval brachyura Total Pagurld zoea Pagurid glaucothoe Total Crangon sept ems plnosus zoea C. sept ems plnosus postlarvae Palaemonetes sp. zoea Thalasslnldea zoea Neomysis americana Amphipods : Ampithoe longimana Carinogammarus mucronatus Corophium sp. Jassa falcata Mlcrodeutopus gryllotalpa Unidentified amphipods Edotea triloba Unidentified Isopods Cumaceans Unidentified crustaceans Total crustaceans 34 110 1783 9248 3184 • . 485 69 40 29 7 1 2 34 110 ■1823 9248 3214 494 M 7 345 263 342 8 2 1 42 2 7 345 264 384 10 2 3 2 3 38 17 19 2 6 28 71 10 1 1 1 2 5 - 4 1 ■1 1 1 2 • 2 1 ■ ^ M 1?2 2214 95.^9 .37Q9 517 72 Crustaceans Table 25 Station 24 # 0 Mesh Net Organisms per tow CRUISES Brachyuran zoea Brachyuran megalopa Poet larval brachyura Total Pagurid zoea Pagurid glaucothoe Total Crangon septemspinosus zoea C, septemspinosus postlarvae Palaeroonetes sp. zoea Thalassinidea zoea Neomysis americana Amphipods : Ampithoe longimana Carinogammarus mucronatus Corophium sp. Jassa falcata Microdeutopus gryllotalpa Unidentified amphipods Edotea triloba Unidentified isopods Cumaceans Unidentified crustaceans Total crustaceans 24 913 1607 608 2176- 36 3 8 ■ 24 913 •1610 608 2184 36 19 82 240 74 2 1 14 19 82 241 88 ? 21 4S 113 36 1 15 12 w 2 4 Oj ■ o 1 1 1 * 1 n 9S QSI 171ft 980 232^ 38 y Crustaceans Table 26 Station * 0 Mesh Net Organisms per ion m^ CRUISES Brachyuran zoea Brachyuran megalopa Post larval brachyura Total Pagurid zoea Pagurid glaucothoe Total Crangon sept ems plnosus zoea C. septemspinosus post larvae Palaemonetes sp. zoea Thalasslnidea zoea Neomysls americana Amphipods : Ampithoe longlmana Carinogammarus mucronatus Corophium sp. Jassa falcata Mlcrodeutopus gryllotalpa Unidentified amphipods Edotea triloba Unidentified Isopods Cumaceans Unidentified crustaceeois Total crustaceans 2 18 1389 1047 912 . 172 526 2 10 2 18 1389 .1049 922 172 526 199 77 730 S 244 10 7 199 77 730 251 10 U1 a, 4 69 354 21 370 s 115 44 1^ 10 S 31 w 103 10 ^ H Sh 262 466 2461 9 485 107 6 2 1 2 2 2 1 8 1 1 • 1 3 2(}» 55Q 4404 1156 25^0 76? 601 • CRUSTACEANS Table 27 Station 2 # 0 Mesh Net Organisms per 100m3 CRUISES Brachyuran zoea Brachyuran megalopa Post larval brachyura Total Pagurld zoea Pagurid glaucothoe Total Crangon sept ems plnosus zoea C. septemsplnosus post larvae Palaemonetes sp. zoea Thalasslnldea zoea Neomysis americana Amphipods : Ampithoe longlmana Carinoganunarus mucronatus Corophium sp, Jassa falcata Mlcrodeutopus gryllotalpa Unidentified amphipods Edotea triloba Unidentified isopods Cumaceans Unidentified crustaceans Total crustaceans 260 1019 1432 1584 1148- 561 518 5 21 1246 840 2 260 1019 -1437 1605 2394 1403 518 24 93 396 47 11 2 18 20 24 93 396 65 31 2 3 67 46 279 107 18 18 1 5 48 47 42 2 2 3 3 24 9 3 8 4 3 8 1 • 8 2 3 266 1135 1591 2334 2637 1^00 542 • Crustaceans Table 28 Station 3 # 0 Mesh Net Organisms per 100 m" CRUISES Brachyuran zoea Brachyuran megalopa Post larval brachyura Total Pagurld zoea Pagurid glaucothoe Total Crangon septemspinosus zoea C. septemspinosus postlarvae Palaemonetes sp. zoea Thalasslnidea zoea Neomysis amerlcana Amphipods : Ampithoe longlmana Carinogammarus mucronatus Corophium sp. Jassa falcata Microdeutopus gryllotalpa Unidentified amphipods ". Edotea triloba Unidentified isopods Ciunaceans Unidentified crustaceans Total crustaceans 427 1562 1037 2260 ■ 344 1 ? 209 347 427 1574 1246 2607 344 8 309 944 12 3 43 8 312 987 12 1 40 1S6 1885 56 u 20 26 2 7 Q o Q J -J 15 63 J §^ od8 Edotea triloba cinidentified isopods Cumaceans Unidentified crustaceans Total criistaceans 63 1580 2943 925 6438 212 5 24 63 1580 .2948 925 6462 212 33 150 365 219 i2 2 41 33 150 367 260 12 36 82 172 107 ? 9T, 36 ! \ s 3 12 1 — 1 1 1 o 3 3 2 • 3 n fifi i5&2 3182 1492 ^?83 224 r- C3> n.. 4) to ■rl 3 U o 3 O c 1-1 s o ^ w H H O rabl e 3': Sl-I 1 ! 1 I ! ;;3<2 ^ 1 ct) U 3 =«= QJ O i ' _4 AJ "^ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ... . , •^H , ■a* . 1 n CO ! 1 1 1 0) OO N C g 1-1 ca B 1 ^- 3 j • 4J "«= o CM w PM H 1 1 77 0^ CM CN 1 — 1 OJ 00 1 r^ 00 CM ^ en ' i N c e o 1 CN 1-1 (fl g 00 r^ .■«* ^^ LO O -d- O LO f— < —1 O-' O vC -, <" IN en ^ r- S t^^a 1 1 .— 1 Nee r> •H cd E r~- 00 o CO oi f— t - ^ E XI O •-< a> > -1 O 4- i-< O O I-i o c u D j: i-( U) '-"^ 0) 1-1 V ) J3 ■!-> (f, t« > O t ) el o 0) ij < < tnl cnl Sj D < 3 W O AJ 3 T P >-i c 0 O Tt U ^ 0 • G) i: JEwCXi^ }^0. B 3l Dital u)i wl ojl t n.-i30rt-ci V4W a 5 -H -o ^ 3 3-1 <^ E -1 OJ ■ "^ ^ J cj (fl u oj 4J a ! -. x: o (OJ o iJ . c ,_ < O 0£ -i-i o o o UaJajO£0£CJ' >-"0 ^ < 3 O -^ C C -O J 3j=oooo (uoj: ^ 3 ^ Vi n) o O 3 aacAJAjX' cjc: o P c ^ Vi o l-i -H i-( QJ DOj u) JOAJcdrt^^ rtl-. •< : z s PM pj CU CU 0 0 CO W H H 5:1 UlU a: M -1 CO •H cd u >«= (U o o M CU H ___ . — 1 i > "c "?:~t^ ... , "■^ ■"" i^BM ^^ ■^^ a> a a ^ c ■X. 0) 00 N C S r- -1 CN LT C^ CN 1 1 c c CO Oi ) ,- U- CN CM ^j 3 r- _) i CSl 1 — 1 ^ c 1 o ^ CNI w CM H CJ 00 ~" L/^ on __ 0) CN o (/) N c e •H CN 1-1 !d g tn • CO cd -t ~ U o -1 t— 4 1 — 1 "" ■"■ ~ "^ ■" ■^"^ rt 1-1 3 jj =fc (U o CO CU H "~" "oo ~ CN O 1 n c 30 ^ 1 Q) rsi ro !N CNI 1 !U OO^ 1 1 1 ■ 1— ' N C g CN 00 in (N • CO oi M 3 ,-1 CN J cr 4- •— t LTl O m in J f— < e J3 0 »— < u to ^ c iJ •r^ c 0 ^-1 o c jd| \c| •H to to «i 1- E- 0 1-1 en 4J If r 1 r to > to O E !-i C D t. 0) 1/ to ) 2 ' e 1 .- ol to XJ 3 •H V. c ^ ttJ OJ 0 u . a to CC ©1 tr u to tw C cfl O •H TD XI CJ o 0 ! CJ : -r- XJ c 4J o a J. o a ) u o tdj c oc 0 X) l-H >^ O p 5 3' a •H 3 c c c ID X > ,c o o c s Q 4) o: >- t-H )- < cC c o O E 2 c L C XJ XJ c L o C tr 5 [ 1-1 c. ) !- •r- •H 0) c ) c 0) D = c z c tfl f c a; * n: ) I. u to t ) t XJ td tt > 1 • — ' Ct5 ^1 c 1 •(-!■« -.1 J < s 2 : P- pu CU Xi C/ ) c/: CO H t- '^ u Ui u a: H- j; <: 1 G "J Ol CJ to •rt U4 4) u o XJ >i c o H ^1 Table 33 0) C •-1 00 Q 0) CO •rl 3 U o y^. 0) * m 4-1 CO 4-J 4J sh w ^ ^ ^j 3 =«fc 0) o ~" "" ■^ ^ ■^ ■ ~ "" Bj H 0) ir\ u- r^ "" 4) 00 ro sC 00 N C E •H nj B .^ T 5 W Di X' r- X3 to Cd CM -• m ^1 3 " ~ "in "o .— in =5t bO 1 ^ , rn CO CM N C g 1 •H n) B . — 1 »— 1 6 sD 10 ei CM Csj . — 1 t — 1 Ol M 3 sD or -1- 00 CN - - - CM H ^+ O m O r^ 00 in ^ o O r-- < — 1 Csl r- o 0) 00 N c e CM ?i :^ ^ . — 1 . — 1 •H j 3 ^ in CN 00 ^ al c o o CO CO to 3 to tu CM 10 •o 03 to 3 tj J3 to ttl n Of o; o o 4-1 4-> 3 3 trt trt H H a CO tol tn| "31 1-1 Dj-ol O -il m O CTl' C -H 4=! elx) a (1) 0) tn f^ u 3 G >-i 01 X OJ (0 0 6 o >J col ^1 OKI to § c to V4 n 3 Q) or !-i O c trt c tn R CtJ u o u u ac Id o (d CI o N O 4-J c u tfl •H )-< to trt T q R 0) c o J= 1-1 a 11) >! ei f—t 0 nil DJ •Hi (U 3 •O DJ -H] CO ^ 01 cnj oJ •H 3l C U -^1 OJ' (1) 31 U' 4J PI >-ii rn ■Hi oil <: JlSl i-i 0) iJ It-I cd •n QJ • 4-J CO 01 C C o •H •^ F 4-) )-4 u 0) 3 4-J V4 4-1 •5 CO O J^ H 0 ■K Table 36 O *: <1> 0 04 H CO Size Range mm _ u 3 =«: -■ 3 M Size Range mm 1 o 6 CN [ 6 c 1 2 <1- o 1 — 1 U 3 * OJ o CM H *_ 1. J c If -t o n tn o •u 3 O ^ o Q) o 3 •H (j U 0) en 5' y u H tn c X 3 3 tn cn QJ tn .—4 3 o trt 01 •H T3 J= p D ,— 1 to hi f— ( t— < U (rt a u 4-) a. ^1 ji; O trt o <— 4 O or •H O 0 o Q) iJ XJ or or •H D o ,—4 c C -o XI ^ O o o 3 t— 4 u J tn u CJ u 01 01 < z 2 p-l PL4 cu Pm CO CO CO H H cnl JC3 CO tn c u\ o QJ 0£ 0) 0) u cnl cnl 3l 31 El J-i Qjl ct)l x:| --il CDJ •— I >J 0)1 tjl a. o CO & cnl "1 tn oil ■^ 3 OJ c . 1 T^ 1 •--1 •^ I 1' o e cfl' T- •Hi >' ..1 ^1 oi Q) • cS Q.T3 tn -H O 'Jl • 0 a 1-1 tn O' J f=l 31 ! -• tj — 1 — I td c ) 3 cr >■ eO o p. cO !-i — « E -a O -H <3 ; Ij to 1-1 to ■':' U 4J ■r4 O O S-l O C : XI ^ .,4 CO CO "5 •H en ^ 4J u; cd > c ) S to O 4-J 3 3 !^ U o -iJ u a) !- j-i CO to Ji : ^ O 3 -H 1-4 ^ p • 4-ix yc CO .H Ol 6£ (j O 1-1 -H -H c JOO(U33o 5!" E J3| -Hi Cl tU •!-( COH ^ •-'1 ^1 x ^ Size Range o ,— ) re o O a- 6 CM c c a n -. 1— ^ O c^) c^ ^ — ' + Size Range mm a •th J iJ (0 o u c o u n) u CO D 4J o c o •H M u (0 a t— 1 (0 j= o\ o u (0 D (0 , I-' E e a fj • ^-: • 0 ni m 0 a. 0 a. H-l (fl X) Ul a U) •H inl e en Ml W 0)1 ml 3 0) Til U5 in (tjl ^ Ul DUh ■H •Hi D D •Hi (T •Hi — 1 XI CI r— 4 1-1 Vi OJ CI O •H ^-1 •Hi -1 3 0)1 O >t •H ^ ■n XII t- or 4-)| !-. ,H| ■V u p •r-.] •H m ml i) "1 O' 1) o Jl -J PM <:is: PjI s: S c 3 O u o c 3 XI c in 11 u a s o 4-) c •H e o 0) JJ o Table 39 Benthic Samples Cruise 1 12-15 April 1971 Polychaetes Pectinaria gouldii Nereidae Orbiniidae Bivalves Cyprina sp. Mytilus edulus Gastropods Nassarius sp. Crustaceans Neomysis americana Other Rhynchocoela Number per 0.1 m^ grab sample Sta. 2 Sta. 3 Sta. 8 Sta. 10 Sta. 15 Sta. 19 Sta. 23 1 1 1 24 1 1 11 10 4 1 23 1 2 2 4 2 1 1 Benthic Samples Table 40 Cruise 5 9 Julv 1971 Number per .05 m grab sample Polychaetes Biva Ives Gastropods Crustaceans Others Polynoidae Harmothoe sp. Phyllodocidae Nereidae Glyceridae Onuphidae Lumbrineridae Orbiniidae Maldanidae Capitel lidae Cirratulidae Flabelligeridae Spio sp. Unidentified Mya arenaria Mytilus edulus Ensis directus Mercenaria mercenaria Petricola sp. Nassarius sp. Gammaridae Xanthidae Rhynchocoel Sta. 29 1 1 1 4 1 421 1 1 27 Sta. 17 5 5 1 2 1 1 124 4 28 127 59 1118 2 13 20 3 * fragments present Table 41 Station FISH EGGS AND LARVAE EPIBENTHIC SLED Organisms per 5 min tow CRUISES Clupeiformes Anguilla rostrata Fund u I us sp. Enchelyopus cimbrlus Urophycis sp, Syngnathus fuscus Cynoscion regalia Tautoga onitis Tautogolabrus adspersus Scomber scombrus Triglidae MypKicephalus octodecemspinosus Ammodytes sp. Men id i a sp. Scophthalmus aquosus Pseudopleuronectes americanus Sphaeroides maculatus Unidentified larvae Total number Fish eggs 320 115 4 2 ■ 1 3 32 r i 8 Q D J J R T s: H &i Ul O 5 H H t/3 Z 7^ I ,^. 8 15 32 24 8 32 34'-* 127 ' 65 38 1312 4o64 567 72 Table 42 Station FISH EGGS AND LARVAE EPIBENTHIC SLED Organisms per 5 min tow CRUISES Clupeiforraes Anguilla rostrata Fundulus sp. Enchelyopus cimbrlus Urophycis sp. Syngnathus fuscus Cynoscion regal is Tautoga onitis Tautogolabrus adspersus Scomber s comb r us Triglidae Myjiocephalus octodecemspinosus Ammodytes sp. Menidia sp. Scophthalmus aquosus Pseudopleuronectes americanus Sphaeroides maculatus Unidentified larvae Total number Fish eggs ■5 1 19 91 2 1 1 1 37 8 i 1 546 n (— ] _1 , 1 Q Cu dj V H 1 an o H H (-^ 3 2 C o 1 20 27 123 6 I 4 4 126 17 141 ' 709 64 2423 7876 107 20 103 Table 43 Station FISH EGGS AND LARVAE EPlBENTHlC SI, ED Organisms per 5 min to^ CRUISES Clupeiformes Anguilla rostrata Fundulus sp. Enchelyopus cimbrlus Urophycis sp. Syngnathus fuscus Cynoscion regalis Tautoga onitis Tautogolabrus adspersus Scomber s comb r us Triglidae My>xxephalus octodecemspinosus Ammodytes sp. Menidia sp. Scophthalmus aquosus Pseudopleuronectes americanus Sphaeroides maculatus Unidentified larvae Total number Fish eggs 107 81 8 1 ? 10 17 1 258 Q n o Q .-J -1 ^ J ^ ?" 5 S! 1 c/5 rO w cyi H 4 t-H H H Z -z. ?^ ■^. 14 26 4 169 187 134 ' 372 10 3535 5168 49 64 Table 44 Station FISH EGGS AND LARVAE EPIBENTHIC SLED Organisms per 5 min tow CRUISES Clupeiformes Anguilla rostrata Fundulus sp. Enchelyopus cimbrlus Urophycis sp. Syngnathus fuscus Cynoscion regalis Tautoga onitis Tautogo 1 abrus adspersus Scomber scombrus Triglidae MyjHxephalus octodecemspinosus Ammodytes sp. Menidia sp. Scophthalmus aquosus Pseudopleuronectes americanus Sphaeroides macuLatus Unidentified larvae Total number Fish eggs 8 1601 73 ■ 1 3 5 2 1 1 2 25 ■> 273 1 Li3 ^^ .J H ^ en m tn CO H n H o z 7--. z 7'. 4 1 8 2 55 3 2 59 17 1619 ' 378 4638 3901 139 23 3 Table 45 Station FISH EGGS AND LARVAE EPIBENTHIC SLED Organisms per 5 min tot CRUISES Clupeiformes Anguilla rostrata Fundulus sp. Enchelyopus cimbrlus Urophycis sp. Syngnathus fuscus Cynoscion regal is Tautoga onitis Tautogolabrus adspersus Scomber s combrus Triglidae Mypxxephalus octodecemspinosus Ammodytes sp. Menidia sp. Scophthalmus aguosus Pseudopleuronectes americanus Sphaeroides maculatus Unidentified larvae Total number Fish eggs 1.3 699 Ibi^ ■ 4 6 27 7 43 o H 6 457 W J Cl Q b —1 J w s -^ 2 > 10 C/5 <: 1 4 F ' H 'Z ■z. ^ 50 5 6 41 2 85 1 3 52 94 25 759 '783 0 10 5823 14288 4728 511 180 Table 46 Station 9-23 FISH EGGS AND LARVAE EPiBENTHlC SLED Organisms per 5 Tiln tow CRUISES Clupeiformes Anguilla rostrata Fundulus sp. Enchelyopus cimbrtus Urophycis sp. Syngnathus fuscus Cynoscion regalis Tautoga onitis Tautogolabrus adspersus Scomber s combrus Triglidae Myaxxephalus octodecemspinosus Ammodytes sp. Menidia sp. Scophthalmus aquosus Pseudopleuronectes americanus Sphaeroides maculatus Unidentified larvae Total number Fish eggs 10 8 7 4 ■ 1 3 I 7 IT < H d w P M-4 < J H < o < _1 in M ") f) o o o ^ ■'- 16 1 2 2 1 22 0 13 92 . 24 13 432 10184 29400 133 Table 47 Station 24 FISH EGGS AND LARVAE EPIBENTHIC SLED Organisms per 5 min tow CRUISES Clupeiformes AnKuilla rostrata Fundulus sp. Enchelyopus cimbrius Urophycis sp. Syngnathus fuscus Cynoscion regal is Tautoga onitis Tautogolabrus adspersus Scomber scombrus Triglidae Myjxxephalus octodecemspinosus Ammodytes sp. Menidia sp. Scophthalmus aquosus Pseudopleuronectes americanus Sphaeroides maculatus Unidentified larvae Total number B'ish eggs 5 298 ■ 1 4 7 8 Q o (--^ -J J p^ CO ?cx:ephalus octodecemsplnosus Ammodytes sp. Menidia sp. Scophthalmus aquosus Pseudopleuronectes amerlcanus Sphaeroides maculatus Unidentified larvae Total number ' Fish eggs 353 668 108 15 1 1 1 1 1 ) 2 ! c^ 3 8 ";>' 8 i i 2 12 26 K-i w 7 1 w 3 2 2 2 5 1 17 46 15 7 28 49 23 361 684 131 ' 51 0 0 339 ^ 2352 706 1152 312 13 46 3 Table 49 Station FISH EGGS AND LARVAE #0* MESH NET Organisms per -j^iU- CRUISES Clupeiformes Angullla rostrata Fundulus sp. * Enchelyopus cimbrlxis Urophycis sp. Syngnathus fuscus Cynoscion regalis Tautoga onitis Tautogolabrus adspersus Scomber s combrus Triglidae Myoxxephalus octodecemsplnosus Ammodytes sp. Menidia sp. Scophthalmus aquosus Pseudopleuronectes americanus Sphaeroides maculatus Unidentified larvae Total number ' Fish eggs 3 9 22 1101 56 1 11 2 . 5 2 1 1 ! 1 21 i 26 56 15: B j 1 u 1 4i 39 158 J g 1 < 2 c^ i 1 c 28 1 2 ? f) ] --T ■V S 3 3 5 1 35 3 25 45 62 1 206 ,' 236 0 8 186 ' 2688 12150 19120 4328 118 382 Table 5^ Station FISH EGGS AND LARVAE #0 MESH NET Organisms per tow CRUISES Clupeiformes AnRulllg rostrata Fundulus sp. Enchelyopus cimbrjus Urophycis sp, Syngnathus fuscus Cynoscion regalis Tautoga onitis Tautogolabrus adspersus Scomber s combrus Triglidae Myoxxephalus octodecemspinosus Ammodytes sp. Menidia sp. Scophthalmus aquosus Pseudopleuronectes americanus Sphaeroides maculatus Unidentified larvae Total number Fish eggs 1 1 210 567 ' 541 1 ! 1 i 1 . r 1 1 1 2 1 1 ! ii 4i 1 i : 1 1 \ 20 1 8 59 1 " ■ ' ? 3 2 i 220 i , [jj 1-1 2 1 i &i ! Pj P-i T. — S"- ■ ■7 < UJ i 1 , 1 O Q C I - 1 i 3 i , 1 I 2 , 1 I t i 7 6 31 1 1 t ; 5 1 ' 1 1 1 8 244 5.S6 36 3 f 1 944' 16080 21014 5 20C 16 Table 51 Station FISH EGGS AND LARVAE #0 MESH NET Organisms per tow CRUISES Clupeiforraes AriRuillQ rostrata Fundulus sp. i Enchelyopus cimbrjus Urophycis sp. Syngnathus fuscus Cynoscion regal i- Tautoga onitis TautoRolabrus adspersus Scomber s combrus Triglidae MypKxephalus octodecemspinosus Ammodytes sp. Menidia sp. Scophthalmus aquosus Pseudopleuronectes amerlcanus Sphaeroides maculatus Unidentified larvae Total number ' Fish eggs 1 34 269 736 27 1 \ . 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 4 la i : u 1 J ! o 2' I4i 16 3 i i • o 13 i 13 i 46 ua ! c^ 2 1 w :3 ^ < --< 1 < 1 S: '.'J J r^i r-i ^1 22 4 2 13 11 1 1 4 1 4 1* 23 45 317 833 83 0 37 23 1216 41184 15192 0 0 * Juvenile Peprilus tyiacanthus Table 52 Station FISH EGGS AND LARVAE #0 MESFi NET Organisms per tow CRUISES Clupeiforraes Anp.uillg rostrata Fundulus sp. Enchelyopus cimbrj^s Urophycis sp. Syngnathus fuscus Cynoscion regalis Tautoga onitis Tautogolabrus adspersus Scomber s combrus Triglidae MyoHxephalus octodecemspinosus Ammodytes sp. Kenidia sp. Scophthalmus aquosus Pseudopleuronectes americanus Sphaeroldes maculatus Unidentified larvae Total nvimber * Fish eggs 14 60 893 •^00^! 2 5 ! . • i 7 1 3 2 4 1 ! ! q i ; i ' 16 : 32 i 275 6 1 r 1 rVi 5 28 ; 356 49 ►J ■ T i R 1 ! I Lrl J o 25 1 2 8 11 8 8 8 14 1 1 2 2 33 14 30 95 968 3655 85 0 4 8093- 5360 17560 5184 6416 6§ 14^ Table 53 Station 9-23 FISH EGGS AND LARVAE #0 MESH NET Organisms per f'-"-' CRUISES Clupeiformes Anguilla rostrata Fundulus sp. Enchelyopus cimbrius Urophycis sp. Syngnathus fuscus Cynoscion regalis Tautoga onitis Tautogolabrus adspersus Scomber s combrus Triglidae Myamcephalus octodecemspinosus Ammodytes sp. Menidia sp. Scophthalmus aguosus Pseudopleuronectes americanus Sphaeroides maculatus Unidentified larvae Total number ' Fish eggs SA IP,? if.-^ mn-^ s 1 3 3 1 2 i ' 1 20 1 10 14 81 1 ^l^ r__-l 7 2 131 11 J c < 1 oi J 11 21 11 22 5 7 3 ■'t 27 1 6 \ 1 50 12 86 194 186 1 24 S 17 n 9 U7' 3449 13568 18?32 1907 2 57fi ?fi Table 54 Station 24 FISH EGGS AND LARVAE ■,/0 MESH NEi' Organisms per tow CRUISES Clupeiformes Anr.uil la rostrata Fundulus sp. Enchelyopus cimbrtus Urophycis sp. Syngnathus fuscus Cynoscion regalia Tautoga onitis Tautogo 1 abrus adspersus Scomber s combrvs Triglidae MyjKcephalus octodecemsplnosus Ammodytes sp Menidia sp. Scophthalmus aquosus Pseudopleuronectes amerlcanus Sphaeroides maculatus Unidentified larvae Total number Fish eggs ! 139 778 191 1 1 i 2 ! 1 ■ j i 3 \ 1 I 8 ' 12 ! 12 Q H i ! 4 10 1 35 ( ^ 1 1 O u u i ^ ! -I 3 i o o ! ■" 2 7 1 i 23 2 1 1 I 2 2 t 8 2 2 13 9 26 159 803 241 # 0 3 65' 2400 14176 18208 15120 9 Table 55 Station FISH EGGS AND LARVAE #0 MESH NET Organisms per ^^^ "^^ CRUISES Clupeiformes Anguilla rostrata Fundulus sp. Enchelyopus cimbrius Urophycis sp. Syngnathus fuscus Cynoscion regal is Tautoga onitis Tautogolabrus adspersus Scomber scombrus Triglidae M"VP30cephalus octodecemspinosus Ammodytes sp. Menidia sp. Scophthalmus aquosus Pseudopleuronectes americanus Sphaeroides maculatus Unidentified larvae Total number Fish eggs 428 1088 13 2 ■ 1 1 2 ! 2 4 13 u 10 3 ri3 32 Qi IX, J O C u 3 n > 15 1 (_ ^— , 6 2 ^ 2 2 2 8 36 35 10 5 59 39 16 437 1114 - 62 0 0 263 1593 857 1876 16 1206 Table 56 Station FISH EGGS AND LARVrtC #0 MESH NET Organisms per 100 m CRUISES Clupeiformes Anguilla rostrata Fundulus sp. Enchelyopus cimbrius Urophycis sp. Syngnathus fuscus Cynoscion regalis Tautoga onitis Tautogolabrus adspersus Scomber scombrus Triglidae Mypxxephalus octodecems pinosus Ammodytes sp. Menidia sp. Scophthalmus aquosus Pseudopleuronectes americanus Sphaeroides maculatus Unidentified larvae Total number Fish eggs 2 12 38 2256 102 3 3 9 4- 9 26 45 115 27 1 7 80 287 h U 1 q O 4 ,< 2 s C 71 1 3 1 8 5 14 7 15 8 5 6 2 88 8 17 59 107 2471 ' 429 0 20 1 504 1841 15945 32909 8869 214 6 24 Table 57 Station FISH EGGS AND LARVAE fO i-IESH NET Organisms per 100 m- CRUISES Clupeiformes Anguilla rostrata Fundulus sp. Enchelyopus cimbrlus Urophycis sp. Syngnathus fuscus Cynoscion regalis Tautoga onitis Tautogolabrus adspersus Scomber scombrus Triglidae M-ypxxephalus octodecemspinosus Ammodytes sp. Menidia sp. Scophthalmus aquosus Pseudopleuronectes americanus Sphaeroides maculatus Unidentified larvae Total number Fish eggs 210 768 650 2 1 5 2 4 20 1 1 71 3 3 264 2 I-J w 1-1 111 J Hj 6 P-i ■ z < <^ LCJ o o 3 3 7 / 3 37 5 8 244 794 1037 ' 2 910 16096 28474 6250 39 Table 58 Station FISH EGGS AND LARVAE #0 MESH NET Organisms per 100 m^ CRUISES Clupeiformes Anguilla rostrata Fundulus sp. Enchelyopus cimbrjus Urophycis sp. Syngnathus fuscus Cynoscion regalia Tautoga onitis Tautogolabrus adspersus Scomber s combrus Triglidae Myjxxephalus octodecemspinosus Ammodytes sp. Menidia sp. Scophthalmus aquosus Pseudopleuronectes americanus Sphaeroides maculatus Unidentified larvae Total number Fish eggs 35 1228 1174 163 1 1 4 1 9 1 24 p t ^ _j 2 64 24 18 — o u 59 19 279 9 ti. o O _I 4 J P ■ 6 ^ - — T^ ^ > Vi '.0 H '_ Q 2 34 ;^ z 4 9 59 16 6 2 4 4 6 6* 36 46 1449 124 2 ' 502 0 S761 12^0 188054 22708 0 0 * Juvenile Peprilus triacanthus Table 59 Station FISH EGGS AND LARVAE #0 MESH NET Organisms per 100 m- CRUISES Clupeiformes Anguilla rostrata Fundulus sp. Enchelyopus cimbrius Urophycis sp. Syngnathus fuscus Cynoscion regalis Tautoga onitis Tautogolabrus adspersus Scomber s combrus Triglidae Mypxxephalus octodecemspinosus Anmiodytes sp. Menidia sp. Scophthalmus aquosus Pseudopleuronectes americanus Sphaeroides maculatus Unidentified larvae Total number Fish eggs 15 120 1976 5634 68 ■ 8 0 ■;/ 4 .'.1 17 32 71 516 16 e 13 62 658 133 f 1 2 U > ■s (~. 35 n 2 4 Q ?? 18 1 S 11 20 3 1 4 4 '4 8 20 3h iqo ?142 6858 ' 231 0 6 11611 6262 35120 11469 1203 7 184 348 Table 60 Station 9-23 FISH EGGS AND LARVAE #0 MESH NET Organisms per 100 "<" CRUISES Clupeiformes Anguilla rostrata Fundulus sp. Enchelyopus cimbrlus Urophycis sp. Syngnathus fuscus Cynoscion regalis Tautoga onitis Tautogo 1 abrus adspersus Scomber scombrus Triglidae MyoKcephalus octodecemspinosus Ammodytes sp. Menidia sp. Scophthalmus aquosus Pseudopleuronectes americanus Sphaeroides maculatus Unidentified larvae Total number Fish eggs 8 2 261 232 2055 21 ■ 1 6 5 1 4 1 41 1 16 20 166 4 S 11 3 268 45 H U ,—1 o 1 < D' 16 J o 30 22 32 S 11 4 B 38 2 9 1 2 84 24 125 312 263 2550 ' 70 ' 0 13 250 50277 21849 26008 39082 2388 97 Station 24 FISH EGGS AND LARVAE #0 M.':SH NET Organisms per 100 m CRUISES Clupeiforraes Anguilla rostrata Fundulus sp. Enchelyopus cimbrlus Urophycis sp. Syngnathus fuscus Cynoscion regalis Tautoga onitis Tautogolabrus adspersus Scomber s comb r us Triglldae Mypxxephalus octodecemspinosus Ammodytes sp. Menidia sp. Scophthalmus aquosus PseudopLeuronectes americanus Sphaeroides maculatus Unidentified larvae Total number Fish eggs 254 1184 565 ' 1 ■ 2 3 9 2 15; 18 •^6 [d 7 15 104 H m 2 0 _| i u i? 1 S^ 9 ■jj j ■ - ._- 6 18 40 '4 9 3 '4 25 5 ; -f 40 21 45 292 1222 714 y 0 9 171 4152 25963 27714 44733 5 3 FISH COLLECTED WITH GILL NETS TabU 62 Date 31 Aug. 1971 1 Sept. 1971 1 Sept. 1971 1 Sept, 1971 2 Sept, 1971 Time (EST) 1700-1900 0700-1700 1700-1900 1900- -0700 Species Tautoga onitis Alosa sp. Tautoga onitis Tautogolabrus adspersus Tautoga onitis Tau togolabrus adspersus Number 2 7 0 1 15 1 13 H ^ < H O^ 'J^ ^ t3 ^ ■^ m t-i vJJ g o O c en •-< r^ ^jD ^ in — « en O 00 fn ^ 00 -^ -^ tN CM ^ ,-« OOr^OOr^oi^^Onoo-Hr~-\£3ooo OtO vo t^ O CO m Ov o o V o in 88 -5^ rg rsj tn in 8 1- O o in o Sf- o o o o o o o oo rn 0> vf O O o o S8 o o o o O in m n « m — < u (J -a c ^ u T3 0) c M-l ^ 0) . JD )^ tu •r^ J-> -1 ^- QO^ JZ OO d C 4-1 T) () u c u c U CD 01 () -J o (U 01 -r^ qj -' -- T-< ui in (U 0) M-1 00'-' O OO in C in q] (0 c vO m u-l ^ o on --4 t\ «* «N *t 0 • o c ON tn un in CJ^ vD , — 1 ,-H vO .— ( < c H • — 1 CO w d X) > o CO 01 Oi M * o o O o O O O o O O O o o c u =) c r- CM CJ^ u-i 00 00 r-- r^ v£) in en ^ •H CO C/5 -D CO un vO OO on en o . — 1 on on o on vD r- to c OC O en lO r- < >^ tn H " -^ a) U ►-I T3 r^ X 01 U C 1 >j J3 CO U"l E v: ^ a. -T X, -N O^ o ^ t-- o m a^ ^D O OC o . — 1 j" 3 Di U) C o • > - ■ • • ■ • d C O t-i CO H ro ro > (U C XJ s x: 3 M o U-l M CO •H o z x; 3 C 4-1 o 3 T3 o e 3 0 o o 4-1 CM t-H •—4 O c/l a. o o vO ^ vO ^ vD ■vD O •~D OO CJ^ CJ^ o a\ .» ■^^ <. ^^ ^ o vD vO O in ^ ^ o ^o ^ vD ■x> \D v£) vD 0 4-1 1 — 1 CO 3 u •H 4-1 0) E o l-i O CTv OO r^ \0 in o CJ> CJ> C7^ CJN CJ^ C7^ CTv CJN o^ >> "< .—1 r-t r— ( ^H f— ( ^H r-4 ^H f-H f— ) 1 — 1 r-t .— i -4 + •X Tl c 3 >' O w C/) > Oi -n 3 c CO ca f— 1 2 U) O 1— 1 1—1 H M Z2 C J 0 J _) o (1, c ^ oi 0) o 4-1 m tn n< 0) :^ VN >• cn t-i OJ I—* c u o iJ :i^ - c •H 3 a W a 2 OJ 4-1 WD a o CQ Q c ca o a e QJ H C (0 s: 0) CO >« a. o H ex o H Table 67 o o o + o 8 + o O o o 8 CM O O CN + o o o 8 O 8 O 8 o O O O 8 8 \0 o in 0"! C7^ OV .—I t— 4 .—1 1-H •—1 .—1 " «N •^ ** " *\ r. ^ f\ *> *> •> , 0 o in in v^ ^ in ^ -.D vC ^D o .—1 .—1 .— t , — ( CJ u r-H ro n 1 — 1 1— t ro ^ r^ oo o o ro 00 CTN vD nD o O u Q. 0 X r^ CO ^ r- 00 d d d d d O o 00 4J vD ^ ^ vD vD vO vD r-- r-- r^ r- r^ O r^ O 0 0 ^-1 4-1 C X 4J 1 00 c:n O^ 00 ON 1 00 1 C3N ON o 1 CiN 1 c cfl Ml 00 G> ro I— t O 00 00 o ON »— I t— 1 CT> r-H ON •—1 ON •— 1 ON ON .— t ON .-4 tJN c:n ON . — 1 ON •K + U S DEPAETMENT OF CO^fMERCE. NATION ''■.CCE>. NIC AI^TD ATirS'^^'^^'C ADk^NISTRATTOH NATiCN'L r.^'RiNEFiSHE.