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Zan Ae en aiCsh tae “i 4 Hh eet eas ee ? ate Pe Nts Mead ea a ne Series a: praccrateee ad Je: abs om eat», "yd ae Seon shu alld he hacer iO CE Tek hae Rae at ak cae das iowa eee is Joe a Sh % — = = am cae =. _ & frs JLSNI NVINOSHLINS S3ZIYVYHYG!IT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILALILSNI NVINOSHLINS SAZIYVYSIT LIBRARI fe z 'S Zz = = es z = — < — oO - a “= o SS ° oO i= ‘oO S o °o o 2 av’ 5 a => a 5 oD. 4 D > Ws = = => = = > - = 2 Fe 2 Ee = - 2 = = m eo m = m “ m no = wo . = wo = o = o eS o RIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILNLILSNI NVINOSHLINS S314YVYEI1_ LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN nn z on z n za Coe 22) zm (2) ae Sy eee) ies ‘S ES rE Ws = < = See NS Z KS = z = Zz SN a z = <8 3 RRS 2 2 B BRC 2 2 z 2 é Z = 2 E zZ = g > = > / = > = > = > ean 7) » 4 ” 2 ” Bx ieee “ yee ILSNI NWINOSHLINS S3I1YVYSIT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN _INSTITUTION NOILNLILSNI NVINOSHLINS S3IYVY¥SIT LIBRARI = 7) = o = a FS a = a > = = Se E a za = >) > ee > te : > = > = > 2 = cs =e Zz rs a = a = w nn wn” = wn” = i ea @ Zz D z a 2 D RIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. NOILNLILSNI S3IYVYEIT_LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILNLIL i 7) z= a o = 2) ra ae 77) z a o hea =< @. = < = ‘2 ®Ws = < Ks = Ww EQN 2 ff 5 a SN = 5a ZF vy ‘ae: EN 3 ff ? gy ZR 2 ENR 8 y S 2 = § 2 = z ENS 2 = = > S : > = > = > = > ee 7) ps a 7) 2 ” Sie ae 7) 2 ee d LILSNI NVINOSHLINS S3IYVYSIT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILNLILSNI S31YVYUSIT LIBRAR! z oO = 4 = oP z Ye Zz 77) : XS pe n = a” a ” ex! n” a | SS x con | <>; se! 5 E GL E e = 2 e = = e & A7 = a E 2 = es = 2) ” m ) m ae m 2 zs = n =z 27) z wn = LILSNI_ NVINOSHLINS SJIYvuYsgIT_LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILNLILSNI_NVINOSHLINS S3iy¥vugi7_LIBRAR! hb GYUyp. WES Up t, x hehe ves 3 RIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILNLILSNI_ NVINOSHLIWS NVINOSHLINS S31 yyy g17 AA Yy SMITHSONIAN SMITHSONIAN Gh f ~, NVINOSHLIWS SMITHSONIAN “N LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILNLIL SMITHSONIAN NVINOSHLIWS SMITHSONIAN NVINOSHLIWS wil, £4 Gi , LIBRARIES NOILNLILSNI NOILALILSNI LIBRARIES LIBRARIES LIB RARIES NOILALILSNI LIBRARIES NOILNLILSNI LILSNI NVINOSHLINS S3IYVYE!IT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILONLILSNI NVINOSHLINS S3ZIYVYEIT LIBRAR! Saiuvyudi Saiuvudi NSTITUTION Saiuvudi NSTITUTION sSaiuvudi sa1uvuall INSTITUTION aa Be NSTITUTION THSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILNLILSNI NVINOSHLINS S31 uvud hae LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILALILSNI NVINOSHLI = z im : A Jas <= ie oO = ao fo) = ) = S Bes cee = ao SN OK — ao — oO — \s 2 = D AY So = pe) i es 2 E 2 EWSAS > = Se . x = > =), ‘2 x = Dp NY 2. — Load ke ; ; = > Seq, SS a = 8) = a — 7 +s 7 = NN 7 z 5 : 2 ip = 5 2 = ae = D ee z a) oe 2 m INOSHLINS SAINVYGIT LIBRARI ES SMITHSONIAN | pNOLLMLILSNI_ NVINOSHLINS, SA1UVUGIT LIBRARIES SMITHSON! = rs Ss = < = < = = ee = Zz ON = SNE og Woe: = “2 NX 5 x. D9 WK = re) x Lg fo) =e 5 WS 28 O° XC 3 = 8 ff. a B oN a ae 5 E 5 E z ee eee TU TION, NOILOUILSNI_NVINOSHLINS _LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILOLILSNI_NVINOSHLI als! = o Ne re Ww a w = a 3 : 2X = : = ‘2 % WX = = SG SN [oad = rays = a = Was c = a SK < 2 <3 = 5 \2 N 5 > = God, = > res G, QA> = > NN = > 2 eg ; 2 © Os > 2 2 Ws g = Ok a er ef = = Uo NS = a ae ITHSONIAN_ INSTITUTION NOILNLILSNI_ NVINOSHLINS, SAluvu aI LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILNLILSNI_ NVINOSHL < = < = moto z ee 2 < 5 a : 8 : 5 Ng : 2 Ne : : wo ‘ 2) * (77) 72) \S WN wo uv”) Mes x Ww “wo cr AAS fe) ae fe) x AIAN OC rT ~WoSY SG Z E QW 2, E Zz Ee NY 2 Ee AS 2, S a 3 z a ee z 8 ; pod YVUGIT_LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION | NOILOLILSNI_NVINOSHLINS, S31YVUGIT_LIBRARIES SMITHSON — Ss , = t > = > = > = > rx ” 7 = ” a — on” 4 yn a = MITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILOLILSNI_NVINOSHLIWS S31YVYGIT_LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN _ INSTITUTION NOILNLILSNI_NVINOSH: 3 us A & © a a es er aan a = 4 SN z = opt fp 3 : 4 SS =f < = WSS = = <¥Z Lp c = = WSs : : eR | : = “Gyjsy S : aN - 2 - 3 e 5 n Wf 3 = 2 =z = Zz sy z a 2 aa z JINOSHLINS S3IYVUSIT_ LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN_INSTITUTION NOILMLILSNI_NVINOSHLINS__S31YVYEIT LIBRARIES SMITHSO! ae : 3 : : Se: : : a © | &: = = : = ¢2 > rs) = wy, ® 5 = 2 > lode.” ed > = EG Lif. > = I > i yap = 2 = OF Kr 2 E S ie a o = ay ai Es n°’ RN = a 2 a Zz = o = MITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILMLILSNI_NVINOSHLINS S3IYVYGIT_LIBRARIES, SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILOLILSNI_ NVINOSH: NVINOSHLINS S3IYvUa!l = 2) es & 2 z z < < z < < = < = . = 2 \o : = 2 2 2 a : 2 7 wo a wo a on ~~ Wry wo 7) x mm *s re) 5 fo) x eS ~A “ST OC 2 = E WSN Zz, = 2 E E SNF 2. E = 5 S ee 2 5 2) pede 2) d VINOSHLINS S2INVYGIT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION | NOILLILSNI _ poa!dVaG iT LIBRARIES | SMITHSO! a x ms . u z w S ° a u a : cc = x a a = cc = x < a < io < e < a < = 2 a = a = = a ~¥. = S = re) a iS} Pr A 3 ae i = af = 4 Zz a | = 5 MITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILMLILSNI NVINOSHLINS S31YVUGIT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILMLILSNI NVINOSH. a z c z i z e = SS nd 3 e a S o S 6o 2 @ WK: a KE x FE 3) 5 2 5 a NY S = S - - : ei 2 : = S& Ea = Ee = r = = = m = m 2 m Zz © Z m . ie y sa 7 7 5 ou i i 2 sy are 7 + _— _ lll : PROPERTY. ate ra LERCIAL FISHERIES : Bocce BEACH 6, FLORIDA \GA-EX PEDITIE +. j LIVR. & 7 : ib ‘ 4 ¥v be YG , : ¢ . ‘ P - a ay * : * é 7 n¥. a “ ° 5 a o€ \ ™ ne 7 ' LEIDEN | ERR UM: oso ef -* ame a 5 ae Sek ; > ” a ee BUREAU OF Come BIOLOGICAL STATION SHERIES ST. PETERSBURG BEACH 6, FLORIDA Superfamily PASIPHAFOIDA Borr. nl Family PastrH&IDar. The family Pasiphzidae includes at present seven genera: Pasipfhea Say., Parapasiphaé S. I. Smith, Dantecta Caullery, Sympasiphea Alcock, Orphania Bate, Psathyrocaris W.-Mas. and Leptochela Stimps. Pasiph@a Sav. is a cosmopolitan genus, the 26 species having been observed in all seas of the world. Of the 6 species of Parapasiphaé two occur in the Andaman and Arabian respectively Laccadive Sea, one occurs off the west coast of California, while the three remaining species are found on the east coast of the United States and in the North Atlantic, one of the latter even at Cape Point. The 5 representatives of the genus Psathyrocaris are all indopacific, excepting the variety atlanteca Caull. of Psath. fragilis, which variety inhabits the Gulf of Gascony. Of the 7 species of Leptoche/a two are found in the West Indies, while the rest are distributed throughout the Indopacific. The three last genera VDantecia, Sympasiphea and Orphania are represented each by one species, found respectively in the Gulf of Gascony, the Arabian Sea and south-east of New York. The species, collected by the “Siboga”, belong to the genera Pasiphea, Psathyrocaris and Lepétochela. Of the genus Leftochela not only a nice new form was discovered, but of the other species, Left. robusta Stimps., no less than 86 specimens were taken, of which 61, collected north of Waigeu-island, are adult, so that I was enabled to contribute rather largely to the knowledge of this interesting animal, that hitherto was rather insufficient. Of the genus Pasiph@ea Sav. 5 species were captured, unfortunately, however, 3 are represented by a single young specimen, so that it proved impossible to determine them with certainty: the single specimen of Psathyrocaris is rather much mutilated. LIST OF ALL: THE. SPECIES OF PASIPHAIDAE, KNOWN AT PRESENT. I. Genus Pasiphzea Sav. 1816, SPECIES HABITAT | DEPTH in FaTHoMs acutifrons Bate 1888..........-.-- Off Port Churruca, Patagonia 5 245 | South of Japan 775 SIBOGA-EXPEDITIE XXXIXa3, SPECIES HABITAT | DEPTH In FATHOMS acutifrons Doflein and Balss tgt2').... | Punta Arenas IIS at DD 1OOD ose eee meme ete Near Cortez Bank, Calif. 984 AFOCRE OWN =-WiaS- LOO: Mettme Nate) Nettie Bay of Bengal 922 Gulf of Manar 406 Arabian Sea, off the Sind coast 947 americana, Faxon 1893... --.-.- - =< Gulf of Panama 259, 286 Galapagos Islands 384, 551 amplidensmBate 80S a.) =). ~1eyeu eee Sagami Bay, Japan 775 coptesiana Rathb; 1902... - . -s:)--ea tee Near Cortez Bank, Calif. 776 COSTAE, Hater LOCO: ca. oho) eee ee Off Matuku, Fiji Islands 315 eagsinaia wathb.)1GO2)s «1-0 -a eee Santa Barbara Channel, Calif. 265 to 322 Gulf of California 857 Ravont wathb: 1902.4 4 1 ok eee Galapagos Islands 384—551 iagellata: Rathb= tQOOrinesenee ia eens Hawaiian Islands | 295, 362 to 399 and : 411 to 442 : JOULE IIMS Welt a op oH oc 4 Straits of Magellan 177 Ratwiensis Rathbs 1Q00) s .)-5-)- | eee | Hawaiian Islands 343—337 Bali Sea 204 LONCISPINAIGENZ LOU. ey a= en men l= en Southern Indian Ocean at 65°15'S., | 80° 19' E. South Pacific at 71°41'S., 166° 47’ W. o—g56, Plankton PAL ML AOI, SO 30h ee ees ales ES Gulf of Panama | 458 manna Rathby 1Q04;4) ss fle eee oe From off Point Arena to off Point Sur, 276—552 Calif. multidentata Esmark 1865.......... East coast of the United States This species lives nea- Off the Irish coast rer towards the sur- South of the Faeroes face than Pas. tarda On Tampen Bank in the North Sea | Kroyerand Pas. prin- Skagerack | ctpalis Sund. Norwegian fjords up to Malangen PaActicaewathb. LOO2 aces eee eee ae From Unalaska and the Gulf of Alaska | 53—399 southward to the Gulf of California | Cape Natal | 440 PRINGEPS Owe Sith Lod eae ae eee East coast of the United States from 349—1342 39°56 N., 69°45 W. to 32°27’ 30'N., | Fi 20.301 We North of Unalaska, Bering Sea 399 Off Sea Lion Rock, Washington 859 . _ Off Ecuador 1132 principals’ Sund 1012) cee a ee North side of the Bay of Biscay 246 South-west of Ireland 504 South of the Wyville Thomson ridge West coast of Norway to Andenes 137—410 South of the Faeroes IgI—601 East of Labrador 540—765 1) The specimens from Punta Arenas, referred by DoFLEIN and Batss to Pas. acutifrons Bate, (in: Mitteil. aus dem Naturh. Museum XXIX. Hamburg, 1912, p. 26), differ from Bawe’s description by the extremity of the telson being truncate, not forked, and will perhaps prove to belong to Pas. Faxoni Rathb. 2) According to Miss Rarupun, in: Decap. Crust. of the northwest coast of North America, New York 1904, p. 19, the dentification of the specimens, dredged by the “Albatross” at this locality, with Pasifhea magna Faxon is doubtful. SPECIES HABITAT | DEPTH IN FATHOMS PLopiiouaaGem\lanitOlOrie =) 2 25 .)-) se) | Near the Sulu Islands 245 KULROUBGCE LCDs TOlAg eis «js els - | Southern Atlantic at 48°0'S., 9°50’ W 1332 SEINE ILEDDURUGUASN eiisiee Ss fs he 8 WiMe22 Syl Os 40 Wis 1410 | 68° 32'S., 12°49 W. From surface to 600 EUG CIOMMOOONm ey ule ees) spa ic tis st) | Sicily SYaGHO (URIGH}) TRBOs. SeenGec de osoneeEeg orc | West, south and east coast of Norway | 109 | West of Scotland (Loch Fyne, Loch 50—100 Etive, Loch Aber, Loch Linnhe, Loch | Carron) , Off the west and south coast of Ireland | 110—480 | Bay of Biscay 240—412, surface | West coast of Spain and Portugal | Mediterranean (Nizza, Genua, Corsica, | Sardinia, Gulf of Naples, Messina, | Coast of Greece) | Southern Adriatic From surface to 546 | Red Sea 355—500 | Andaman Sea | 200 | Bay of Bengal 200—350 | Japan BURG ATOYER VSAG : ty. 2.06 = es fee os | Skagerack | 82—281 | South of Jan Mayen | 371 | North of east Iceland | 203 | West and south-west of Iceland | 450, 485 | South-east of Greenland West coast of Greenland 458—765 Davis Straits 420—460 South-west of Ireland Mauneaieeathiby TOO: = 69: ss sos ss Hawaiian Islands 293 to 800 amespinosa \W.-Nlas. 1893. ......+.. +> Andaman Sea 265, 405 Bay of Bengal 200—350 | Arabian Sea 360, 609—620 §P> GS INileiet TCWG) eS Goect 0) ORONOLomeEBNOEC Halmaheira Sea | Plankton Reem VANMLOLOisrars ics sets «es | Off Sulu-island 150 PCCM MAN LOIO:., 6 65s 6 ee ss | Between Batjan and the Obi Islands From 820 to surface II. Genus Parapasiphaé S. I. Smith 1884. Rompe le Smith! 18S4~. . <3. - = = = = East coast of the United States: | at 38° 19’ 26" N., 68°20’ 20” W. and 2369 at. 39703 15. N., 70O750%d5 We | 1537 crustata 5. I. Smith 1884 .... - . | East coast of the United States, at | 1628 39° 22’ N., 68° 34/30 W. Gaede Wie-Mas. 1893. <=. + 4 2 3s Andaman Sea 650 Arabian Sea 696 Unimostras \N.-Mas. 1891: -..9. .-. =. « Laccadive Sea 595—556, 696, 740 SereuraRathba 1GO2 2. << 26 s+ - s)< 6 | Off Cortez Bank, Calif. 984 SPECIES HABITAT DEPTH IN FATHOMS sulcatifrons S. 1. Smith 1884........ East coast of the United States from 5 16—2949 between lat. 35°12'10" and 41°53’ N. and long. 65°21'50” and 74°57'15”" W. West coast of Greenland 569—1093 | West of Iceland | 1236 | South of Iceland 1180 North Atlantic, at lat. 52°33 N., long. | 26° 44' W. Off the west coast of Ireland 550—800 Cape Point (Cape Colony) 660 III. Genus Dantecia Caull. 1896. Gaudani Gaull So Gn eee ne | Gulf of Gascony 934 IV. Sympasiphza Alcock rgot. GNKEGIENS PICOCK SOO pment -arclt soe ana Arabian Sea 487 V. Genus Orphania Bate 1888. LEAUUMAUTSALC! LOO Oieyre tele cs) ate teens South-east of New York 1240 VI. Genus Psathyrocaris W.-Mas. 1893. ASHES Nie ECR NG 6 od 5 Gvom G66 4c | Bay_ of Bengal 240, 609 | Arabian Sea 172, 609—620 Off the south-coast of Muna Island 1030 fragilis W.-Mas. 1893 var. atlantica Caull. | MWyaXe (ONS tergum, finally, 1,76 mm. long, is a little more than one and a half as long as the 4" and 3-times as long as the 5%, while the telson, about as long as the two preceding terga combined, is one and a half as long as the 6 somite. The general arrangement of the small spines or SIBOGA-EXPEDITIE XXXIX a3. 5 34 teeth with which the pleura are armed, is substantially the same as in the young individual from Ternate, but owing to the female from Buton-strait being adult, the number of spines is a little greater or they are a little larger. The pleura (Fig. 94) of the 1‘ somite are armed with 7 or 8 spines, 3 on the lower half of the anterior margin and 4 or 5 on the lower margin, arranged in two pairs that are separated by a somewhat larger interval. Six small spines occur anterior to the concave emargination of the lower margin of the 2"4 pleura and four posterior to it, a somewhat larger spine exists on the lower half of the anterior margin and on that of the posterior: these two spines are directed downward. Eight or nine small, somewhat unequal spines are observed on the arched lower margin of the pleura of the 3" somite, a larger spine, turned downward, is seen on the lower half of the posterior margin. Three small spines only exist on the lower border of the 4 pleura, between which one observes a few small prominences; a much larger spine, turned downward, occurs on the lower half of the posterior margin and this spine is also comparatively considerably larger than in the young specimen from Ternate. The narrow pleura of the 5'* somite are beset inferiorly with 3 spines, that increase in length from the anterior to the posterior, so that the latter is 3-times as long as the former. The 6‘ somite which in a lateral view appears twice as long as high and, looked at from above, twice as long as broad, is armed on each side with three spines. When it is looked at from above, one observes one spine, turned backward and somewhat outward, at the outer angles of the slightly arched posterior margin, a second, directed laterally and slightly backward, at the anterior third of the somite and this spine is implanted on the lateral side of the latter, not far from the lower border. The third spine, that is also directed laterally and a little backward, is implanted, at the level of the anterior margin of the basal joint of the uropods, close to the lower border of the somite. The telson (Fig. 9c), 2,8 mm. long, one and a half as long as the 6'* somite and still a little longer than the 5t* and the 6" taken together, resembles that of the young specimen from Ternate. At almost one-fourth its length from the base the telson shows its greatest width of 1,04 mm.; between this point and the base the lateral margins are a little concave, while posteriorly they strongly converge towards the tip. The telson ends (Fig. 9 @) posteriorly in an acute median spine, 0,1 mm. long, on either side of which 3 articulating spines are implanted; the 1st next to the median spine, beyond which it reaches by about half its length, is 0,29 mm. long, the 24, 0,5 mm. long, is the longest of all and extends by more than half its length beyond the median spine, the 3", finally, 0,2 mm. long, is the shortest of the three and implanted at the posterior extremity of the lateral margins; from these extremities the lateral margins of the tip run obliquely to the median spine and the telson is here 0,33 mm. wide, one-third the greatest width anteriorly. The upper surface is broadly grooved from near the base to the tip and the 5 pairs of spinules are implanted on the borders of the groove. The spines of the 1 or anterior pair, 0,17 mm. long, are placed at one-fourth the length of the telson from the base, each spine twice as far distant from the middle line as from the lateral margins. The distance of the spinules of the 24 pair from the base measures about one-third, viz. °/,,, of the length of the telson and these spinules are just as far distant from one another as those of the 1°t pair and are therefore placed a little closer to the lateral margins. The 35 spinules of the 3" pair are placed, close to the lateral margin, nearly on the middle of the telson, at ’’/,, its length from the base, those of the 4‘ pair at the posterior third and those of the 5'" pair, finally, are implanted near the lateral borders a little farther distant from the tip than from the 4 pair: the spinules of the four posterior pairs are as long as those of the foremost pair. The outer uropods, just as long as the inner, are hardly shorter than the telson. The anterior border of the basal joint terminates laterally in an acute spine. The outer margin of the exopodite runs like a S, slightly convex anteriorly and armed here with 3 or 4 small, articulating spinules, slightly concave posteriorly and terminating in a small spine; at the inner side of this spine on the posterior margin another is observed, that is a little longer though also immobile and next to this a third articulating spine occurs, which is still a little longer. The rounded posterior margin passes with a regular curve into the inner margin and both are fringed with long feathered setae. The inner uropod is anteriorly almost just as broad as the outer but then suddenly narrows, while the outer border curves inward. The outer uropod is almost 3-times as long as wide in the middle, the inner 4-times; both the inner and the outer margin of the inner uropod are fringed with long feathered setae, except at the anterior enlarged part and a few feathered setae are implanted on the anterior half of the upper surface. According to the description of 1902 in the young specimen from Ternate the inner uropod did gradually narrow from before backwards and was only twice as long as wide in the middle. The eyepeduncles, half as long as the carapace without the rostrum, extend to a little beyond the middle of basal antennular article; they are twice as long as the eyes are thick and the latter are provided with a small black ocellus, but not with a crown of long hairs as is the case in Stylod. dimaxillaris, aecording to Dr. Ba.ss (Beitrage zur Naturg. Ostasiens. Ostasiatische Decapoden H. Die Natantia und Reptantia. Miinchen 1914, p. 27). There is a small forwardly directed spine on the upper border of the peduncle midway between the base and the cornea. The antennular peduncle is nearly as long as the carapace without the rostrum and reaches about to the middle of the latter; the basal joint measures three-fourths the entire length of the peduncle and the stylocerite that is separated from the peduncle by a narrow interspace, is flattened, while its outer margin ends in an acute spine that reaches about to the middle of the peduncle, though it is shorter than the eyestalk. Second joint very short, measuring only 1/, or 1/, the length of basal article; it is a little broader than long and a spine, which is as long as the joint itself, is implanted at the distal extremity of the outer margin. The 3" joint is one and a half as long as the 24 and at the far end of the outer margin a similar spine occurs, which is a little longer than that of the 2™4 joint. Inner flagellum 2,7 or 2,8 mm. long, as long as the carapace without the rostrum, hardly reaching beyond the latter; it seems to be composed of 13 or 14 articles and appears narrow and thin when looked at from above, but thicker in a lateral aspect. Outer flagellum a little shorter, much thicker though tapering distally, 13-jointed, the 3 or 4 terminal joints appearing narrow when looked at from above; olfactory filaments well developed, long. Basal joint of outer antennae with a strong spine at the outer angle. Scaphocerite (Fig. g¢) 36 3,5 mm. long, one-fourth longer than the carapace without the rostrum, a little shorter than the latter; it is of a narrow shape, resembling a scimitar, the width being only one-seventh the length, and from the posterior third it gradually narrows, ending in an acuminate spine; the very concave outer margin is armed with 8 or 9 articulated spines, while the arched inner margin is fringed with long feathered setae. Antennal flagellum probably but a little more than half as long as the body. The measurements of the 2°¢ maxillipeds (Fig. 9 /) differ from those of S4yod. d¢maxillaris Bate (Report Challenger Macrura, 1888, Pl. CXX XVIII, fig. 3%): these appendages are probably characteristic for each species of the genus. The long third joint, which consists probably of the two joints ischium and merus coalesced to one, is 1,22 mm. long, when measured along the outer margin, and 0,37 mm. broad in the middle, whence it slightly narrows towards both extremities; the following joint, evidently the carpus, is 0,35 mm. long and 0,27 mm. wide anteriorly; the next joint, which, like in Stylod. d¢maxillaris, somewhat widens distally, is 0,96 mm. long, 0,44 mm. wide distally and 0,26 mm. proximally. The longer one of the two terminal joints is 0,75 mm. long and shows its greatest width of 0,26 mm. in the middle, being - 3-times as long as wide; the inner margin runs slightly S-like, the outer is rather strongly arched; the other joint is 0,52 mm. long and half as wide in the middle, narrows, like the longer joint, towards both extremities, the inner margin is straight, the outer very convex. While in Stylod. bimaxillarts the joint, that follows the carpus, is only half as long as the third joint, in Stylod. Amarynthis it is much larger and measures four-fifths of the latter; the 3" joint appears in St¢ylod. écmaxtllaris of a more slender form and, while in Bare’s species the longer of the two terminal joints shows a greater length than the preceding joint, in Stylod. Amarynthis it is shorter, measuring only about three-fourths of the probable propodus. The exopodite is 2,05 mm. long and reaches by the distal third of its length beyond the 3"¢ joint, while in Stylod. éd¢maxzllaris it is only as long as this joint. As regards the long feathered hairs with which this maxilliped is provided, both species resemble one another, but in S¢y/od. Amarynthis only the two distal fifths of the exopodite are setiferous and those at the distal extremity are 1,2 mm. long, much longer than in Barte’s figure. The external maxillipeds extend by a little more than their terminal joint beyond the rostrum. The upper margin of the antepenultimate joint is unarmed and nearly glabrous, but on the middle of the outer surface 9 or 10 small spines are implanted, of which that on the distal extremity is a little longer than the preceding; the penultimate joint, which is 3,45 mm. long and 0,24 mm. wide, 14-times as long as wide, is armed with 4 or 5 small spines along the proximal half and with a somewhat longer spine, long 0,2 mm., at the distal extremity of the upper margin, a row of a dozen similar spines, 0,16—0,2 mm. long, are moreover implanted on the outer surface near the latter; the terminal joint, 2,92 mm. long, a little shorter than the penultimate, is 0,17 mm. wide at the base, from where it slightly tapers to the rather obtuse extremity; this joint is of a more narrow form than the penultimate and not spiniferous, its upper margin bears a few short hairs, byt the lower margin is fringed with long setiferous setae, like the lower margin of the preceding joints. The 1* pair of peraeopods extend by a little more than half the length of the fingers 37 beyond the rostrum, while the merus reaches as far forward as the antennal peduncle. The merus is apparently coalesced with the ischium to one single joint, that is 3,35 mm. long; the upper margin of this joint is glabrous and unarmed, but 9 or 10 articulating spines are implanted on the middle of the outer surface, of which spines one in the middle of the joint and one at the far end are a little larger than the rest. The carpus is 3,25 mm. long and nearly 12-times as long as wide in the middle, while it is a little wider at the distal extremity, where it is 0,3 mm. broad; the upper margin is armed with 9 spinules, of which the spine at the distal extremity, 0,2 mm. long, is the longest of all and almost as long as the joint is here wide, g partly somewhat longer spines are implanted on the outer surface near the upper margin. Chela 2,95 mm. long, a little shorter than the carpus; the very short palm, which is only 0,34 mm. long, appears in a lateral view near the articulation of the fingers 0,38 mm. broad and its posterior border is distinctly emarginate. The fingers are equal and in a lateral view gradually narrow to the apex, that is not acute, but obtuse, and 0,06 mm. broad; their upper border bears a few very small spinules, near each of which a short hair is implanted; in front of the described notch the posterior border bears a tuft of feathered, spiniform setae, while that border is fringed along its whole length with feathered setae, which at the base of the finger are 3 mm. long, at the apex 1,5 mm. The legs of the 2°¢ pair are only as long as the rostrum. The coxopodite is armed with a spine at the far end of the posterior border. Like in the 1% pair ischium and merus seem to be united to one joint, that is 3,2 mm. long and 11-times as long as wide in the middle; the upper margin is glabrous and unarmed, except a spine, long 0,21 mm., at the distal extremity, while one observes a row of 5 spines on the outer surface, placed at unequal distances. The carpus is 2,65 mm. long and 0,25 mm. broad in the middle, to—11-times as long as broad and a little widened at the distal extremity, like in the 1*t pair; upper margin with 7 or 8 spines, while there is moreover a row of 7 spines on the outer surface near the upper margin. Chela 2,66 mm. long, just as long as the carpus; the propodus, which is less deeply notched posteriorly than in the 1°t pair, is 0,27 mm. broad in a lateral view, one-tenth the length of the chela, for the rest the chela resembles that of the 1% pair and like in this all the joints are fringed with long feathered setae along the posterior border. The three posterior legs are of a stout shape, those of the 3"! pair are a little shorter than the scaphocerite; they slightly decrease in length, so that the legs of the 5‘ pair reach only by their dactyli beyond the antennal peduncle. It remained doubtful whether also in these legs ischium and merus are coalesced to one joint or not. The meri that decrease in thickness from the 3" to the 5‘, are unarmed, excepting a strong spine at the far end both of the upper and the lower margin, but there are on the lower a few brownish, stout, feathered setae of moderate length. The carpi of the 3" pair are 1,35 mm. long, measured along the anterior margin, which is armed with a small spine just beyond the middle and a smaller one just behind the middle; 4 or 5 spines are implanted on or near the posterior margin and one at the far end of the outer surface. The slightly curved propodi are 2 mm. long and 6 or 7-times as long as wide; their posterior margin is armed with 8 articulating spines, which from the 1* or posterior to the anterior somewhat increase in length, those on the distal half of the margin 38 being as long or even slightly longer than the joint is wide, 2 or 3-spines are moreover double. The dactyli (Fig. 9,z), that resemble those of the genus Carzdina H. M.-Edw., are 0,9 mm. long, almost half as long as the propodi and 4-times as long as wide at base; they are armed on their posterior margin with 5 stout spines, including the terminal claw, that increase in length from the 1’t to the last. Carpus of 4 pair 1,23 mm. long, propodus 2,1 mm., the latter a little longer in proportion to the carpus than in the 3" pair; there are 3 spines on the anterior border of the carpus but only one on the posterior near the distal extremity. Propodus 7-times as long as wide, with only 2 small spines on the proximal half of the anterior margin, but with g strong spines on the posterior margin, some of which are again double. The dactyli are 0,85 mm. long and fully resembly those of the 34 pair, 4 spines, increasing in length, being implanted posterior to the terminal claw. Carpus of 5 pair 1,2 mm. long, propodus 2,32 mm. long, almost twice as long as the carpus; there are 4 or 5 spines near the anterior border of the carpus, one at the far end of the posterior margin, with a smaller spine behind it. Propodus of a slenderer form than those of the 3'¢ and 4" pair, 9-times as long as wide; there are 3 small spines on the proximal half of the anterior margin, while the posterior is armed with 11 articulating spines of somewhat unequal length, though generally becoming longer distally, the longer of the two spines at the distal extremity measuring 0,38 mm., one and a half as long as the propodus is wide. The dactylus (Fig. 9 2) is 0,72 mm. long, about one-third of the propodus, and almost 4-times as long as wide at base; it is armed with 8 spines, including the terminal claw; these spines are of a less stout shape than those of the dactyli of the 34 and 4* pair, but also increase in length from the proximal one to the terminal claw. Like the meri, also the carpi and the propodi of the three posterior legs are provided with a few feathered setae. Ova not very numerous, comparatively large, 0,65 mm. long and 0,4—o,48 mm. wide. The two young specimens from the Stations 33 and 65a show nothing remarkable, but the meri and carpi of the 1st and 2"4 pair of legs are still almost devoid of spines. General distribution: Ternate. 2. Stylodactylus Stbogae de Man. Pl. V, Fig. 1to—1oc. Stylodactylus Sibogae J. G. de Man, in: Zoologische Mededeelingen, uitgegeven vanwege ’s Rijks Museum van Natuurlijke Historie te Leiden, 1918. Deel IV, afl. 3, p. 159. Stat. 95. June 26. 5°43.5 N., 119°40' E. Sulu Sea. 522 m. Stony bottom. 1 female. A new species at first sight distinguished from the six other species of this genus by the lower margin of the rostrum being smooth, not denticulate. The only specimen collected measures 11,78 mm. from tip of rostrum to tip of telson; measured in the middle line the cara- pace proves to be 2,16mm. long, the rostrum 1,38 mms the abdomen 8,24 mm.: it is probably a young female. The rostrum (Fig. 10a), that measures two-thirds the length of the carapace, runs horizontally forwards to about the middle of the 24 joint of the antennular peduncle; the upper border, slightly convex above the orbital margin, runs downward to the acuminate tip, while the lower margin is slightly concave. In a lateral view the rostrum, not including the teeth, 39 appears 0,28 mm. high at base, just one-fifth the length. While the lower margin is smooth and glabrous, the upper is armed with 16 teeth; the first six stand on the carapace, slightly increase in length from the 1° to the 6' and are, like the 5 or 6 following, separated by very short interspaces. Excepting the five distal ones, the rostral teeth are apparently all articulated and movable; those above the orbital margin and the eyes are a little larger than the first and the last. The foremost tooth is situated at one-fifth the length of the rostrum from the tip. The carapace which is about one and a half as long as high, bears a small supraorbital spine like in Stylod. Amarynthis, an antennal and a branchiostegal spine; the antennal spine is a little larger than the two others. The abdomen, that is 6-times as long as the rostrum and 4-+times as long as the carapace, appears a little more than twice as long as carapace and rostrum taken together. The third tergum, which is 1,32 mm. long, appears distinctly bent in a lateral view and somewhat prominent posteriorly. The 5'* somite, 0,8 mm. long, is as long as the 4t; the 6th, 2,04 mm. long, is 2%/,-times as long as the 5‘ and, being 0,62 mm. high in the middle, appears a little more than 3-times as long as high. Telson 1,65 or 1,7 mm. long, a little shorter than the 6'* somite and armed at either side of the acute tip with 3 spines, of which the external is 0,1 mm. long, the following 0,4 mm., the submedian 0,2 mm.; 5 pairs of dorso-lateral spinules. The outer uropods reach as far backward as the terminal spinules of the telson, the inner are a little shorter. Different from Sty/od. Amarynthis, but like in the other species of the genus, the abdominal pleura are unarmed, those of the 1* to 34 are rounded, while the posterior angles of the 4'* and 5'* are subacute. Measured from the orbital margin the cylindrical eyestalks appear almost half as long as the carapace, while they are half as thick as long; the semiglobular, distinctly faceted corneae measure two-thirds the length of the rest of the stalk, they are of a pale grayish colour, blackish near their posterior margin, especially at the outer side and without ocellus. Antennular peduncle little shorter than the carapace, the proportion being like 7:9, very slender, 10 to 11-times as long as thick; the basal joint, that is strongly hollowed out above, is more than twice as long as the two following joints combined and the 24, that is a little longer than thick, appears about one and a half as long as the 3"; outer flagellum much broader or thicker at base than the inner and tapering forward, inner flagellum cylindrical. Stylocerite lamellate, with acute tip, shorter than the eyestalks. The antennal scale that measures five-sixths the length of the carapace and that reaches by about one-fourth its length beyond the antennular peduncle, has a narrow shape, the greatest width, proximally, being one-sixth the length; it regularly narrows distally to the truncate tip of the lamella, which is surpassed by the slender spine, into which the concave outer margin terminates. Antennal peduncle hardly longer than the eyestalks, of a stout shape. The 24 maxillipeds much resemble those of Stylod. Amarynthis. The 3" joint, 0,8 mm. long and 0,22 mm. broad in the middle, is nearly 4-times as long as wide and narrows a little more towards the distal than to the proximal extremity; the outer margin bears a few setae and much longer feathered setae occur on the outer surface near the inner margin. Carpus short. The 5** joint, which is 0,54 mm. long, measures two-thirds of the 3"? and slightly widens distally, being at the distal extremity 0,21 mm. broad, as broad as the 3™; at the far end of 40 the outer margin and elsewhere long feathered setae occur, that are curved inward. Of the two terminal joints one is 0,42 mm. long, a little shorter than the propodus and 3-times as long as broad in the middle; the other joint is little more than half as long and both are beset and fringed with long feathered setae. The external maxillipeds that project by their terminal joint beyond the antennal scale and the peraeopods of the 1%t and 24 pair resemble those of Stylod. Amarynthis, but they are not armed with small spines; like in this species the lower border of their joints is fringed with the same long feathered hairs. The three posterior legs are more slender than those of Sty/od. Amarynthis. The merus of the 3" pair (Fig. 106), 2,2 mm. long and 0,21 mm. broad, is nearly 11-times as long as broad and armed with a spine near the distal extremity of their lower margin, while nearly a dozen of simple hairs are implanted on the upper; the carpus measures one-third the length of the merus and is 4-times as long as thick at the far end; the propodus, 1,7 mm. long and 0,175 mm. broad, is one-fourth shorter than the merus and 10-times as long as broad, 6 small spines occur on its posterior border, that increase in length from the 1% to the 6‘, while there is a small spinule on the middle of the posterior margin of the carpus; the dactylus (Fig. 10c), in Stylod. Amarynthis almost half as long as the propodus, measures in this species but one-fifth of the latter, it is 2'/,-times as long as broad and armed with 3 spines posterior to the terminal claw. The legs of the 4» pair resemble those of the 3", those of the 5‘ pair, finally, are a little slenderer, but show for the rest also the same characters, even as regards the armature of the dactyli. _ The exopodite of the 2" pleopod is as long as the stalk or protopod, thé endopodite but little shorter, the slender stylamblys, finally, provided with distinct cincinnuli, is a little longer than one-third of the endopodite. Superfamily HOPLOPHOROIDA. Family HopLopnoripar. The family Hoplophoridae contains the seven genera Hoplophorus H. M.-Edw., Systellaspis Bate, dcanthephyra A. M.-Edw., Ephyrina S. 1. Smith, Notostomus A. M.-Edw., Hymenodora G. O. Sars and Gonatonotus A. M.-Edw. As regards the genus Meningodora S. 1. Smith, established in 1882 for a species, taken at 1632 fathoms off the east coast of the United States and which in 1888 was united by Spence Bate with the genus //ymenodora G. O. Sars, I would remark that in my opinion it must be identified, not with the genus /Zymenodora, but with the genus Acanthephyra A. M.-Edw. The oral appendages, indeed, are just like in Acanthephyra, a fact already observed by S. I. Smirn himself, for in his detailed description of MWeningodora mollis (in: Bull. Mus. Comparat. Zoology, Vol. X, N° 1, Cambridge 1882, p. 74) this author says: the oral appendages are all very nearly as in MWcersta Agassizii (i.e. in Acanthephyra purpurea), the differences being no greater in fact than might be expected between species belonging to the same genus. The endopod of the first maxilliped is composed of three segments and the two inner distal lobes of the second maxilla are narrow and project considerably beyond the basal lobe (S. I. Smiru, |.c., Plate XII, Figs. 7 and 8), in Wymenodora G. O. Sars, on the contrary, the endopod of the first maxilliped is biarticulate and the two inner distal lobes of the second maxilla are broad and do not project beyond the basal lobe. It was the general appearance of Meningodora mollis, so conspicuously different from that of the species of Acanthephyra, known at that time, by the very thin and membranaceous integument and the very short rostrum, which no doubt has led to the establishment of this new genus. Nowadays, however, already three species of Acanthephyra are known in which the integument is similarly soft, thin and membranaceous and in which the rostrum is short, viz. deanth. brevi- rostris S. 1. Smith, Acanth. rostrata (Bate) and the interesting Acanth. Srdocae: the name of Meningodora may therefore be retained for that small section of Acanthephyra, in which those characters occur. In the Table of Species of Acanthephyra (Stantey Kemp, in: “Fisheries, Ireland, Sci. Invest., 1905, I., [1906], p. 23") Acanth. mollis must be classed in the third Section C, being related to Acanth. Batet. Eight species of Hoplophoridae have been obtained by this expedition, they belong to SIBOGA-EXPEDITIE XXXIX a3, 6 42 the genera Hofplophorus, Systellaspis and Acanthephyra: besides a new variety of Acanth. media Bate, a new species of this genus was discovered, presenting the same soft and mem- branaceous integument as Acanth. brevirostris S. 1. Smith etc. and which therefore must be included in the now proposed section or subgenus JZeningodora. Very interesting is also the only specimen of Syste/laspis debilis (A. M.-Edw.), taken in the Halmaheira Sea, that proved to differ rather distinctly from the typical atlantic species and therefore has also been described as a new variety. As far as we know at present, the Indian Archipelago, including the Philippine Islands, is inhabited by one species of Hoplophorus, by one of Systellaspis, by ten species and two varieties of Acanthephyra, by three species of Notostomus and by one of Aymenodora, while species of Ephyrina and Gonatonotus have not yet been observed in these seas. LIST OF ALL THE SPECIES OF HOPLOPHORIDAE, KNOWN AT PRESENT. I. Genus Hoplophorus H. M.-Edw. 1837. SPECIES | HABITAT | seam | REMARKS IN FATHOMS . | . . . . foliaceus Rathb. 1906... | Hawaiian Islands | 337 to 442 | This species is perhaps Off the Farquhar Islands 500 to oO identical with /op/. | spinicauda A. M.-Edw. gractlirostris A. M.-Edw. | StH sty g-qup Ee Gee lalnibro | St. Domingo 118 Off Morro Light 250—400 | Off Dominica 108—250 | Off St. Vincent | Agn | Off St. Vincent 464 | Off Grenada 159 | Off Bequia 458 Arabian Sea 406 Off the S. W. coast of India 237 Off Desroches Atoll 250 to Oo Bay of Bengal | 145 to 1439 Andaman Sea 185 to 419 Hawaiian Islands | 222 to 408 Grimaldi Cout. 1905... | West of Madeira | O—1093 |North of Tristan da Cunha | Ge al longirostris Bate 1888... | Fiji Islands 610 Perhaps identical with Hopl. gracilirostris A. : M.-Edw. spinicauda A. M.-Edw. 1883 347 typus H. M.-Edw. 1837. . | North of New Guinea | 1100 | With this species //op/. Philippine Islands i). «700, 1825 brevirostris Bate 1888 East of Saleyer 633 from off Tablas Island Flores Sea 874 is certainly identical. Bali Sea 294, 579 Timor Sea 230 43 Il. Genus Systellaspis Bate 1888. ee DEPTH | | SPECIES HABITAT REMARKS | IN FATHOMS | ee a ee affints (Faxon) TS OOl ay Off Grenada 159 cristata (Faxon) 1853... Gulf of Panama | 1471, 1772 Arabian Sea 890 aebilis (A, M.-Edw.) 1881, South of Iceland From 411 to With this species Acanth. 2512 Sracilis (S. 1. Smith) West Atlantic between New ViorksOn, a stew oc- 1882 is identical, while and the West Indies | casions adult! Systell. Bouvier; Cout. From South of Iceland to the Bay | specimens and) 1905 proved to be a of Biscay | larvae have | young stage of Syste/1. South of the Azores | been caught | debilis. West of the Cape Verde Islands quite near the South Atlantic (35530.S.. 8°16! W.) | surface Hawaiian Islands | debilis (A, M.-Edw.) var. | endica de Man NOMS 3 | Halmaheira Sea 436 echinurus Cout. 1Q1l ... | Off the coast of Portugal lanceocaudata Bate 1888 . | Off Japan 345 III. Genus Acanthephyra A. M.-Edw. 1881. acutifrons Bate 1888... . Aru Islands S00 | The first of the three : specimens described by BATE is considered | to be the type, while STANLEY KEMP has pointed out in 1906 | | that two of the three belong probably to | Acanth. curtirostris | W.-Mas. approxima Bate 1888 . . . Sarmiento Channel, Patagonia 400 approxima Faxon 1895 . . | Gulf of Panama 458—1168 Galapagos Islands 384 armata A. M.-Edw. 1881. Off Santa Lucia, West Indies 422 Off Frederikstaed, Santa Cruz, West | 450 Indies Off Nevis, West Indies 356 Bali Sea | 694 Strait of Makassar 655 Off Banda Island 200 East of Ceram 567 | West of Salawatti 798 Kei-islands | 560 armata A. M.-Edw. Var. fim- briata W.-Mas. 1894. . | Arabian Sea | 406 Bay of Bengal 475 and 594-225 Andaman Sea 405 44 SPECIES HABITAT DEPTH IN FATHOMS REMARKS ee SS South-west of Sierra Leone Equatorial Atlantic South of Iceland Gulf of Guinea Off the East coast of the United States Off the coast of Portugal (duplex Bate, teste COUTIERE 1911) Equatorial Atlantic Off Marion Island (duplex Bate) North coast of Ecuador Batei Faxon 1895 Brauert Balss 1914 -+-- brevirostris S.1. Smith 1885 ‘Sarmiento Channel, Patagonia Gulf of Panama Arabian Sea Bay of Bengal Andaman Sea Flores Sea Manipa Strait carinata Bate 1888 cucullata Faxon 1893 -- - curtirostris W.-Mas. 1891. Entrance of Gulf of Boni South of Buton Passage |From off San Diego, Calif. to off the Gulf of Panama Off the east coast of the United States South of Pernambuco (Edwardsi Bate) Arabian Sea Bay of Bengal Andaman Sea Off Banda Island (angusta Bate) Hawaiian Islands eximea S. I. Smith 1884 . | eximea S. 1. Smith var. brachytelsonis Bate 1888. Cape Natal, South Africa _ Arabian Sea Bay of Bengal Andaman Sea Siberut Island North of Sumbawa Timor Sea Ceram Sea Off the east coast of Ceram Off Banda Island South of the Philippine Islands Off the Kermadec Islands | Japan North of the Falkland Islands Kempii Balls 1914 East of Ceylon 1500 1640 400 o—2185 1395—2949 With this species yme- nodora duplex Bate 1888 is regarded to be identical by STANLEY W. Kemp 1906, while the validity of BATE’s species is still main- tained by COUTIERE IgII. 1640 1600 1740 400 1772 937—1043 364—913 922 1100 From $840 to surface 1062 1350 458—2232 With this species Acanth. angusta Bate 1888 and Acanth.Edwardsii Bate 1888 are identical. 938 770 457—865 561, 753 405, 498 200 339—1059 440 738— 1000 753 and 800-637 | 490—683 o—955 435 452 456, 1040 310 200 500 520—630 235, 345» 775 | 2040 | 0--1366 | 45 SPECIES HABITAT | DEPTH | REMARKS IN FATHOMS ') Kingsleyt Bate 1888... South-west of Sierra Leone 2500 media Bate 1888...... Off Tablas Island, Philippines | 700 media Bate var. obliquiros- | tris de Man 1916... . | Halmaheira Sea | 1013 microphthaima S. 1. Smith IB og oo ooo oO OD eS Off the east coast of the United States 2574, 2620 | With this species Acanch. Off the coast of Portugal (/ongzdens Bate) : longidens Bate 1888 is Bay of Bengal 1748 | regarded as identical; Off the Philippine Islands (/ongidens 2150 | its validity is, however, _ Bate) | still maintained by South Pacific (/ongidens Bate) | 2375 COUTIERE IQ11. mollis (S. I. Smith) 1882 . | Off the east coast of the United States) 1106, 1632 |For this species confer Off Pernambuco 675 p- 41. | Off Portugal | pulchra A. M.-Edw. 1890. | Mediterranean | 690—1550 purpurea A. M.-Edw. 1881. | Mediterranean | From 105 to, With this species Acanth. _ Adriatic |2949. It hasonce| Haeckeliz(v. Mart.) 1868, Northern Atlantic, both on the east | been taken, off} Acanth. Agassiz (S. 1. | and on the west side, from Davis | the east coastof| Smith) 1882, Acanth. | Strait and Iceland to south of the |theUnitedStates, sica Bate 1888, Acanth. Cape Verde Islands, though not at the surface. | rectirostris Riggio 1g00 yet observed in the West Indies. | and Acanth. Bav'et Steb- | Equatorial and southern Atlantic bing 1905 are identical, North of the Falkland Islands while Acanth. parva ; Cape of Good Hope Cout. 1905 has proved Indian Ocean, south of the Equator | to be a very young South of Australia form of Acanth. pur- Off New Zealand | purea. Off the Kermadec Islands | Between Australia and the Solomon | | Islands | ‘Indian Archipelago South of Japan Gulf of Panama Coast of Ecuador purpurea A. M.-Edw. var. acanthitelsonis Bate 1888. South-west of Sierra Leone | 1500, 1850 Equatorial Atlantic 1640 South-west of the Azores O—1093 o—1640 rostrata (Bate) 1888. ... | Near Torres Strait | 1400 | Philippine Islands | 1050 North Pacific 2775 sanguinea W.-Mas. 1892. . Arabian Sea 295—1091 Bay of Bengal 1748 Andaman Sea 194—640 1) In the Table of Species of Acanthephyra, published by STANLEY Kemp in: “Fisheries, Ireland, Sci. Invest., 1905, I., [1906), p. 24”, Acanth. Kingsleyi has erroneously been placed in Section C, in which the rostrum is unarmed below; this remark is also applicable to a variety of Acanth. brevirostris S, 1. Smith, recorded by Faxon from the north coast of Ecuador. 46 DEPTH SPECIES HABITAT REMARKS IN FATHOMS Sibogae de Man 1916... Entrance of Gulf of Boni 1062 tenuipes (Bate) 1888 .... Coral Sea 1400 Valdwiae Balss 1914. . . . | Southern Indian Ocean O—1130 Benedicti S. I. Smith 1885 Hoskynii W.-Mas. 1891. . Off the east coast of the United States 959 South-west of Ireland O—700 Off Portugal /South of Japan 2425 Arabian Sea 487, 740, 890 Bay of Bengal | 800—637 Gulf of Gascony 656 South-west of Ireland 695—720 atlanticus Lenz 1914... . brevirostris Bate 1888... elegans A. M.-Edw. 1881. fragilis Faxon 1893... . gibbosus A. M.-Edw. 1881 japonicus Bate 1888 .... | longirostris Bate 1888... Murrayi Bate 1888 .. patentissimus Bate 1888. . perlatus Bate 1888. .... robustus S. I. Smith 1884. vescus S. I. Smith 1886. . Westergrent Faxon 1893 . Srontalis Rathb. 1902... glacialis (Buchholz) 1874 . Between Spitzbergen and Greenland | From | Farde Channel 1137 to 29409. | West of Ireland Like Acanth. | | South-west of Liberia | species has once | Off the east coast of the United States been taken at IV. Genus Ephyrina S. I. Smith 1885. Off Portugal V. Genus Notostomus A. M.-Edw. 1881. | West of the Cape Verde Islands | 1640 Off Pernambuco 675 Gulf of Mexico 955 Off Portugal Off Cocos Island 770 Grenada, Antilles 626 South of Japan 565 Off Banda Island 1425 Near Tristan da Cunha | 1900 South of the Philippine Islands 2150 Near the Philippine Islands 2150 North of Chagos Archipelago 1200—o Off the east coast of the United States 1309, 1555, 1582 Off the east coast of the United States | 2949 Coast of Ecuador 1740 Cape of Good Hope | 800 VI. Genus Hymenodora G..O. Sars 1876. From Bering Sea and Kamchatka to) 322 to 1771 off Monterey Bay, Calif. Bay of Biscay purpurea this Off the west coast of America from) the surface. the Bering Sea to Ecuador According to STANLEY KEMP this species is probably identical with Not. perlatus Bate 1888. {) SPECIES HABITAT Bee | REMARKS | | IN FATHOMS glauca Bate 1888 ..... South of Australia 2150 South of the Philippines 2550 | mollicutis Bate 1888... . | 2°25'N., 20°1' W. 2500 Near the Canary Islands 1675 | Near Tristan da Cunha 1900 6222675050440 E. 1975 Ge Hj Sh, MeL? 3h" 18. | 1950 \Aze82)S..m 5 Oa2QmNs | 2040 VII. Genus Gonatonotus A. M.-Edw. 1881. crassus A. M.-Edw. 1881. | Grenada, Antilles 262 Hoplophorus H. M.-Edw. 1881. Oplophorus H. Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust. II, 1837, p. 423. Oplophorus C. Spence Bate, Challenger Crustacea Macrura, 1888, p. 760. Hoplophorus A. Alcock, Catal. Indian Deep-Sea Macrura, 1901, p. 72. The genus Hoplophorus H. M.-Edw., characterized by the strongly serrated outer edge of the antennal scale and by the foliaceous exopodites, with which the maxillipeds and the anterior or all the thoracic legs are provided, is represented by 5 or 6 species, that occur in the tropical and subtropical seas of both hemispheres. /7op/. ty us H. M.-Edw., the first described species, hitherto only known from the Admiralty and Philippine Islands, was taken by the “Siboga”’ in various parts of the Indian Archipelago, East of the Island of Sdleyer, in the Flores Sea, the Bali Sea and off the south coast of Timor. Hop/. gractlirostris A. M.-Edw., a beautiful species of a bright carmine pink colour, first discovered by the U. S. Coast Survey Steamer “Blake” off the island of St. Domingo and afterwards captured by the same expedition at a few other West Indian localities, occurs also in the Indian Ocean, the Arabian Sea, the Bay of Bengal and the Andaman Sea, and has even been observed near the Hawaiian Islands. //op/. longirostris Bate, probably only a variety of //op/. gracilirostris, was found by the “Challenger” off Kandavu, Fiji Islands. opt. foliaceus M. J. Rathbun, the third or fourth indopacific represen- tative of this genus, is recorded both from the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific and from the Farquhar Islands in the Indian Ocean. Still two other species are found in the Atlantic, viz. Flopl. Grimaldi Cout., a form closely related to Hop/. gracilirostris, observed west of Madeira and north of Tristan da Cunha, and finally 7/of/. spintcauda A. M.-Edw., discovered by the “Travailleur’, a species apparently closely allied to ofl. foliaceus, but which is only known by a figure in the “Recueil de Figures de Crustacés nouveaux ou peu connus’’, published by A. Mitne-Epwarps in 1883. The species of this genus are generally found in deep water, the maximum depth being 1439 fathoms, from which /fop/. gracclirostris was recorded in the Bay of Bengal; this form, however, occurs here also in 145 fathoms and is recorded from off the island of St. Domingo as living in 118 fathoms. I wish, however, to call attention to the remarkable observation, 48 made by the German Southpolar Expedition, October 31'* 1901, when numerous specimens of Hlopl. Grimaldii Cout. were caught north of Tristan da Cunha, in the night, in only 5,4 fathoms! Key to the species of the genus Hoplophorus H. M.-Edw. a, Third, fourth and fifth abdominal segments terminating in a spine. 6, Inner margin of antennal scale simple. A tooth at the postero- 1 lateral angle of the carapace. c, Rostrum about as long as the antennal scale, often a little shorter; spine of 3 tergum, in adult specimens, hardly longer than that of 5; lower angle of the pleuron of the 1st abdominal somite not produced to form a tooth . . tyfus H. M.-Edw. c, Rostrum as long as up to 11/,-times the rest of the carapace ; lower angle of the pleuron of the 1’t abdominal somite, in the male, usually produced to form a tooth. d, Spines of 371 and 5" terga subequal. . . . longirostris Bate. (C. SPENCE BATE, Challenger Crustacea Macrura, 1888, p. 760, Plate CXX VII, fig. 2). d, Spine of 3" abdominal tergum, in adult specimens, very much longer than ‘that of 52). 3. gracilirostris A. M.-Edw. (A. MILNE-EDWARDS, in: Annal. Sc. Nat., Zool. 1881, p. 6 and in: Recueil de Figures de Crustacés nouveaux ou peu connus, 1883, Pl. 29). 6, Inner margin of antennal scale with a barbed hook anteriorly. Rostrum 1°/,-times as long as the rest of the carapace. No tooth at the postero-lateral angle of the carapace. Spine of 3" tergum very much longer than those of 4 and 5. . Grzmaldiz Cout. (H. COUTIERE, in: Bulletin Mus. Océanogr. de Monaco, N° 48, 1905, p. 1). a, Second, third and fourth abdominal somites terminating in a spine. : No tooth at the postero-lateral angle of the carapace. . . . spinicauda A. M.-Edw. (A. MILNE-EDWAkDS, Recueil de Figures de Crustacés nouveaux ou peu connus, 1883, Pl. 29). foliaceus M. J. Rathbun. {M. J. RATHBUN, in: U.S. Fish Commission Bulletin for 1903, Part. III, Wash. 1906, p. 922, Pl. XX, fig. 8). 1. Loplophorus typus H. M.-Edw. Oplophorus typus H. Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust. II, 1837, p. 424, Pl. 25bis, fig. 6, 7. Oplophorus typus C. Spence Bate, Challenger Crust. Macrura, 1888, p. 762, Pl. CXXVI}, fig. [—12. ? Oplophorus brevirostris C. Spence Bate, 1. c., p. 766, Pl. CXXVH, fig. 3. Stat. 17. March 17. 7°28'.5S., 115°28'E. Bali Sea. 1060 m. Bottom fine grey mud. 1 male. Stat. 46a. April 7. 8°0.5S., 118°34'.7 E. Flores Sea. 1600 m. Bottom mud. 2 females, one of which is ova-bearing. Stat. 211. September 25. 5°40'.7S., 120°45'.5 E. East of Saleyer. 1158 m. Coarse grey mud, superficial layer more liquid and brown. 1 female. 49 Stat. 291. January 20, 1900. 9° 10'.3S., 125°55'.1 E. Timor Sea. 421 m. Bottom very fine, grey mud. 1 young female. Stat. 316. February 19, 1900. 7°19'.4S., 116°49'.5 E. Bali Sea. 538 m. Bottom fine, dark brown sandy mud. 1 young male. The largest specimen, the female with eggs from Stat. 46%, measures 66 mm. from tip of rostrum to tip of telson, the carapace being 28 mm. long, the rostrum included, and 15 mm. without it. It fully agrees with Figure 1 of the “Challenger Macrura”, but the rostrum is distinctly somewhat (3 mm.) shorter than the scaphocerites. The upper margin is 6-dentate, the 1st tooth, situated just midway between the orbital margin and the distal end of 1S antennular article, is microscopical, only visible by means of a strong magnifying glass, while the foremost tooth is placed midway between the 2"¢ and the apex of the rostrum; the lower border is armed along the middle third with 5 teeth, of which the 1s* and the 5t* are much smaller than the rest, that are equal. In the other female from this Station the rostrum appears just as long as in Bare’s figure 1 and is $-dentate. In the young female from Stat. 211 which is 43 mm. long, the rostrum just reaches beyond the scaphocerites and is 1;'-dentate; the two first teeth of the upper border are microscopical and the foremost tooth stands at one-sixth the length of the rostrum from the tip. Of the female long about 49 mm. from Stat. 291 the rostrum is as long as in the female from Stat. 211 and also.armed with 10 teeth above, but the three first and the foremost one are microscopical; the lower margin, however, bears only 5 teeth. The rostrum of the male from Stat. 17 is broken off, this specimen, however, measured probably about 50 mm.; the other male from the Bali Sea has nearly the same size, the rostrum, as long as in Bare’s figure 1, is §-dentate, but all the teeth of the upper border are well-developed. The length of the rostrum proves thus to be somewhat variable. In the largest female from Stat. 46 the dorsal median carina appears rather sharp along the whole length of the gastric region, but in the other younger specimens it becomes gradually obtuse posteriorly near the cardiac region; a little posterior to the orbital margin the dorsal carina bears a small circular impressed point and appears here a little higher. On the cardiac region the carina is rather obtuse, somewhat widened in the middle and in the largest specimen, the ova-bearing female from Stat. 46, even flattened. On either side this widened part of the carina carries 2 or 3 small tubercles and a few small tubercles exist also, on either side of the carina, on the dorsal surface of the cardiac region, which is separated from the gastric region by a shallow transverse groove. The spine at the postero-lateral angle of the carapace. is not straight, as figured by Bare, but slightly curved, directed backwards and outwards; it appears also comparatively a little shorter than in Figure 1 of the ,Chal- lenger Macrura’’. Hoplophorus typus is pretty well characterized by the form and the relative length of the three dorsal spines of the abdomen, that are accurately figured in Bare’s figure 1. The spine of the 34 tergum is constantly longer than that of the 5%, rather little longer in adult, but much longer in younger individuals, also less slender, somewhat thicker or higher at the base; the spine of the 4'* tergum is always distinctly shorter than the two others and more or less regularly curved. The two first somites and the triangular anterior part of the SIBOGA-EXPEDITIE XXXIX a4, 7 50 dorsal carina of the 3"! somite are dorsally flattened. The lower margin of the 15t abdominal pleuron is truncate, straight and makes an obtuse angle with the anterior margin, which is rounded anteriorly, but which in the two females from Stat. 46* appears very slightly concave or excised near the lower angle, exactly as in Bare’s figure 1; in the two young females from the Stations 211 and 291 the anterior margin of the 1* pleuron is little more emarginate, but in the two male specimens the excision is deeper and more pronounced, though neither in the male nor in the female specimens the lower angle is produced like a tooth, as is usually the case in Hofpl. gracilirostris A. M.-Edw. Though the two male specimens are perhaps not yet full-grown, it seems, however, quite probable that in //of/. typus the lower angle is never dentiform, a character by which this species should differ from Hop/. gracilirostris and FHlopl. longtrostrts. In the largest specimen, the ova-bearing female long 66 mm., the external maxillipeds project by half their terminal joint beyond the antennal peduncle, the legs of the 1%t pair reach almost as far forward as that peduncle, those of the 2°4 and 3" are hardly shorter and the legs of the last pair extend as far as the antero-lateral angle of the carapace. There is a small spine near the distal extremity of the lower margin of the merus of 3" legs. Ova large, 3 mm. long and 2,5 mm. broad. Flopl. brevirostris Bate is no doubt identical with this species, for it only differs by the shorter rostrum, the rostrum, however, is proved by the preceding to be variable. Hlof/. gracili- rostris A. M.-Edw. differs from //op/. typus H. M.-Edw. by the longer rostrum, by the spine of the 3rd abdominal tergum being very much longer than those of the 4t* and 5‘ and by the anterior border of the pleuron of the 1st abdominal somite being deeply excised in the male with the lower or posterior angle of the notch pronounced and usually produced (A. Atcock, l.c. 1901, p- 74). Hopl. longirostris Bate seems to differ from //opl. gractlirostris only by the three spines of the abdomen being of equal length and should perhaps be regarded as a variety. General distribution: New Guinea (H. Mitne-Epwarps); North of New Guinea (Spence Bate); Philippine Islands (Spence Bare). Systellaspis Bate. The genus Systed/aspis Bate, the validity of which has been clearly demonstrated by Professor Courtiirr, includes at present 5 species and 1 variety. Syste//. deédilis (A. M.-Edw.) is distributed throughout the Atlantic, both on the east and on the west side, from South of + Iceland to near Tristan da Cunha, but a solitary specimen has also been taken in the vicinity of Kauai Island, one of the Hawaiian Islands. Another specimen was obtained by the “Siboga”’ in the Halmaheira Sea; this specimen, however, presents some differences from the typical species, so that it is described as a new variety. In view of this fact it is to be regretted that not any observation concerning the Hawaiian specimen has been published, because its characters have perhaps been the same as those of the female from the Halmaheira Sea. Syste//. lanceo- caudata Bate, the type species of the genus, was obtained by the “Challenger” off Japan, but only one specimen, a female, was taken. Still a third species is known from the Indopacific, Ly namely Sys¢ed/. cristata (Faxon), a single specimen of which was dredged in the Arabian Sea, while this form was for the first time captured in the Gulf of Panama. Systel/. affinis (Faxon) is only known from off Grenada, one of the Antilles, Sys/ed/. echinurus Cout., finally, only from off the coast of Portugal. As regards the variability of the vertical range the genus Sys/e//asfis resembles the genus Acanthephyra. While Systell. affinis Faxon, Systell. lanceocaudata Bate and the variety mdica of Systell. debilis (A. M.-Edw.) were obtained at less than 500 fathoms, Syste//. cristata (Faxon) was found at 890 fathoms in the Arabian Sea, but in the Gulf of Panama even at 1471 and 1772 fathoms. Syste//. deditis (A. M.-Edw.) has the same vertical range as Acanth. purpurea and on a few occasions adults and larvae have been captured quite near the surface. The depth at which Syste//. echinurus Cout. occurs, has not been recorded. 1. Systellaspis debilis (A. M.-Edw.), var. zudica de Man. Pl. VI, Fig. 11—11f. Systellaspis debilis (A. M.-Edw.), var. indica J. G. de Man, in: Zoolog. Mededeelingen, uit- gegeven vanwege ’s Rijks Museum van Natuurlijke Historie te Leiden. Deel II, Afl. 3 en 4, 1916, p. I5I. Acanthephyra debilis A. Milne-Edwards, in: Annal. Sc. Natur. (6. Sér.), Vol. XI, 1881, p- 13. Acanthephyra debilis Stanley W. Kemp, Fisheries, Ireland, Sci. Invest., 1905, I., [1906], p. 16, Pl. I, Fig. 4—7 and 1908, I. [1910], p. 59, Pl. VI, figs. 1—15 (Synonymy), Acanthephyra debilis M. J. Rathbun, in: U.S. Fish Commission Bulletin for 1903, Part III, Wash. 1906, p. 922. Acanthephyra debilis H. Lenz and K. Strunck, Deutsche Siidpolar-Expedition 1901—1903, T. XV, Zoologie VII, Berlin 1914, p. 327. Stat. 161. August 17. 1°10.5S., 130°9’ E. Halmaheira Sea. 798 m. Bottom muddy sand. I egg-bearing female. Only one other specimen of this remarkable species which is distributed throughout the Atlantic, has hitherto been observed in the Indopacific, namely a specimen which was taken near Kauai Island, one of the Hawaiian Islands, at a depth of 478 to 453 fathoms (M. J. Ratueun, |.c.): unfortunately no remarks about it are given, so that it remains uncertain whether that specimen has shown the same discrepancies from the typical atlantic species as our female from Stat. 161, which therefore is considered as a variety zxdzca, The well-preserved female, obtained by the “Siboga’’, measures 94 mm. from apex of rostrum to end of telson and in most characters agrees with the detailed and excellent descriptions and figures published by Srantey Kemp. The rostrum, 24,5 mm. long, one and a half as long as the carapace (15,75 mm.), is strongly curved upwards, much more than in the atlantic species according to the figures in the “Recueil” of 1883 and in Srantey Kemp's papers, so that the vertical distance between the apex of the rostrum and the upper margin of the cephalothorax measures two-thirds the height of the latter; the upper border of the rostrum appears therefore obviously concave, the lower obviously convex. The basal crest is armed with 4 teeth, the first three increase in size, while the 4 is as large as the 34, which is placed above the orbital margin; the rostrum proper is armed above with 9 evenly-spaced teeth of equal size, that are as large as the 2™4 tooth of the basal crest. The 1‘ of these nine teeth is almost 52 one and a half as far distant from the 4** tooth of the basal crest as the 4'* from the 3"4 and the anterior tooth of the upper margin is one and a half as far distant from the penultimate as from the apex of the rostrum. The lower border is armed with 1o teeth, of which those on the middle are more closely set together than the 2 or 3 first and the 2 or 3 last ones; the 1°t tooth stands just before the 24 of the upper margin, the 7‘ tooth is paired with the antepenultimate, while the foremost is situated midway between the apex of the rostrum and the anterior tooth of the upper margin. The carina of the 3" abdominal somite does not commence at the anterior margin, but a little about 1 mm. — behind it and is at first rather low, though gradually rising to a more compressed carina; the spine of the 3' tergum measures one-third the length of the 4" somite. The two following somites are dorsally obtuse, the spine of the 4‘ tergum is much smaller than that of the 3' and measures only one-fifth of it, the spine of the 5" tergum, finally, is very small, only half as long as that of the 4'*; the fine notch on the 4'* tergum is situated at the posterior fifth. The 6'® somite that is unarmed posteriorly, is 10 mm. long, a little more than one and a half as long as the 5‘, that measures 6 mm. The dorsal portions of the postero-lateral margins of the 4'* and 5‘ somite are spinulose, but the spinules are a little smaller than in Kemp’s figure 1 on Plate VI of his work of 1910; the 4'* somite has on the left side 6, on the right 7 spinules, the 5'® on the left side 4, on the right 5 spinules and on each side the lowermost spinule or the lowermost but one is a little larger than the rest. The telson, which is slightly grooved dorsally, except the anterior fourth, is 13,25 mm. long, one-third longer than the 6 somite, and reaches a little, viz. 0,5 mm., beyond the exopodites of the caudal fan, when stretched backward. The terminal cluster of spines agrees with Kemp's description of 1910 and there are four pairs on the lateral sides of the telson, the anterior or 4'” pair just before the middle, the 3" pair as far distant from the 4'* as from the 1%, the 2"4 just midway between the 1% and the 3". According to Kemp’s description of 1910 the antennular peduncle should be very short and only reach to about one-third the length of the antennal scale, in the female from the Halmaheira Sea, however, it extends almost to the middle, viz. to "/,, of the length of the scale. The antennal scale, 11,5 mm. long, proves to measure five-sevenths the length of the carapace (15,75 mm.), measured between the orbital and the posterior margin, not five- sixths as in the atlantic species. The legs of the 3 pair are the longest of all and almost reach to the end of the antennal scales, being only 1 mm. shorter; the propodus (5 mm.) is not ‘at least three times” (Kemp, l.c. 1910), but little more than twice as long as the carpus (2,3 mm.) — in the 4‘) pair these numbers are 5 mm. and 2 mm. — and of both legs the propodus slightly tapers distally in a lateral view. In both the 3'¢ and the 4‘ pair the dactylus measures about four- fifths, not ‘about two-thirds” the length of the propodus. The legs of the 4 pair reach to the distal third of the antennal scales, those of the 5* pair, finally, are the shortest of all, projecting only by half their dactyli beyond the distal extremity of the carpus of the 4* pair. General distribution: As already indicated by Mr. Kemp, four isolated specimens, one male, two females, one of which with eggs, and still a fourth specimen have been taken 53 between New York and the West Indies (A. Mitne-Epwarps, S. I. Smira and W. Faxon). A single specimen has been observed South of Iceland in Lat. 62°47’ N. (Hansen). In the N. E. Atlantic numerous specimens have been obtained by the Danish fishery steamer Thor and by the s.s. Helga in the Atlantic trough over an area ranging from the Fiarée Islands to the Bay of Biscay (Hansen, Kemp). Three female specimens, one of which was immature (Sys¢eddaspis Bouvier: Cout.), were captured near the Azores (Courier), while it is recorded by Hansen from the mouth of the English Channel and from off the Brittany coast. This species has been taken by the German Southpolar-expedition 1901—1903 west of the Cape Verde Islands and at Lat. 28° 42’ N., Long. 34° 33’ W., but also in the South Atlantic at Lat. 35°39’ S., Long. 8°16’ W., (Lenz and Srrunck). As already mentioned, a solitary specimen is known from the Pacific, namely from the vicinity of Kauai Island, one of the Hawaiian Islands (RatTueun). Acanthephyra A. M.-Edw. The genus Acanthephyra, established by A. Mitne-Epwarps in 1881, is nowadays represented by 21 species and 4 varieties, the greater part of which have been observed either in the Indopacific or in the Atlantic or on the west coast of America, but some species of this deep-water genus are more widely distributed, occurring both in the Indopacific and the Atlantic or both in the Indopacific and off the west coast of America, or on both sides of the new world, Acanth. purpurea A. M.-Edw., finally, shows an almost world-wide range. This nice species, easily recognizable by the long slender rostrum, armed dorsally throughout its whole length, straight or slightly upturned, and by some other characters, occurs, indeed, not only in the Mediterranean and in the whole Atlantic from Davis Strait and Iceland to the Falkland Islands, but has also been taken in the Indian Ocean south of the Equator, the Indian Archipelago, south of Australia, off Japan and even in the Gulf of Panama and on the coast of Ecuador; as far as I am aware, it has, however, not yet been captured in the West Indies, in the Red Sea and in the Indian Ocean north of the Equator, being represented in the Arabian Sea, the Bay of Bengal and the Andaman Sea by the closely allied Acanth. sanguinea W.-Mas. The first described species, Acanth. armata A. M.-Edw., known from the West Indies, was obtained by the “Siboga”’ at five different Stations, far distant from one another, of the Indian Archipelago, though it was already recorded from off the island of Banda by the “Challenger”. A similar distribution shows just reaches beyond the distal end of the 1*t antennular article, the 6 tooth, finally, stands more forward, nearly opposite to the middle of the antennal scale; the 1% tooth of the lower border, placed a little farther distant from the apex of the rostrum than from the orbital margin, stands immediately behind the 6 tooth of the upper border and the somewhat larger 2"4 tooth is contiguous to it and placed immediately before the 6" tooth, the much smaller 3 tooth, finally, as small as the 6'* of the upper, stands about midway between the 2™4 tooth and the apex of the rostrum. The other specimen is 89 mm. long, the rostrum 18,75 mm., the carapace 18,25 mm. and the abdomen 52 mm.; the rostrum, slightly longer than the carapace, is §-dentate; the 5 proximal teeth gradually increase in length, the 3'¢ stands above the orbital margin, while the 5'® just projects beyond the distal end of 15t antennular article; the teeth of the lower margin are situated on the middle third part and become slightly smaller from the 1% to the 3, while the apex of the 3" tooth is once and a half as far distant from that of the 224 as the 2°¢ from the 1°. Ey The specimen from Stat. 45 measures only 77 mm., rostrum 14 mm., carapace 1'53/, 70m., abdomen 47'/, mm., the rostrum which just reaches beyond the antennal scales and which is still a little shorter than the carapace, is armed above with 7, below with 3 teeth; the 3" tooth of the upper border stands above the orbital margin, the 6' reaches just beyond 15‘ antennular article, while the 7‘ stands immediately before the 1st of the lower margin; the three teeth of the latter are placed on the middle third and the apex of the 2"4, which is slightly larger than the 1t or the 3", is but little farther distant from that of the 3" as from the 1°. The rostrum of the specimen from Stat. 175 is broken off in the middle, but there are 6 teeth on the upper border, that gradually increase in length and of which the 3" is placed above the orbital margin. The three young specimens from Stat. 178 are the youngest of all. In the first, long 50 mm., the rostrum (6'/, mm.) reaches to the last third of the antennal scale and is distinctly shorter than the carapace; the 6 teeth of the upper border reach to the distal end of 1%t antennular article, the 3'¢ is situated above the orbital margin and the three following are of equal size; the 3 teeth of the lower margin are placed on the middle third. In the youngest individual, in which the abdomen is wanting, the rostrum (4'/, mm.) is about half as long as the carapace (8'/, mm.) and reaches to the middle of the antennal scale; it extends straight forward, though slightly turned upward and is 4$-dentate; the teeth of the upper border are nearly equal, the foremost tooth is placed above the distal end of 15t antennular article, immediately behind the 1°t of the three teeth of the lower margin, of which the 3" is but little farther distant from the 2°4 as the 24 from the 1° and a little farther distant from the apex of the rostrum than from the 1%t tooth. Of the third specimen, which is the largest of the three, the rostrum is broken. General distribution: Arabian Sea (Atcock); Bay of Bengal (Atcock); Andaman Sea (Atcock); Siberut Island (Bass); South of the Philippine Islands (Spence Bare); Japan (Spence Bate, Batss); Banda Island (Spence Bare); Kermadec Islands (Spence Bate); North of the Falkland Islands (Spence Bare). 2. Acanthephyra purpurea A. M.-Edw. Pl. VI, Fig. 12—12¢. Acanthephyra purpurea A. Milne-Edwards, Compt. Rend. Acad. Sciences Paris, T. XCIII, 1881, p. 935. Acanthephyra purpurea Stanley W. Kemp, ‘Fisheries, Ireland, Sci. Invest.”’, 1905, I. {1906}, p. 4, Plates I and II, Fig. 1—3 (Synonymy). Acanthephyra purpurea H. J. Hansen, The Danish Ingolf-Expedition, Vol. III. 2. Crustatea Malacostraca. I. Copenhagen, 1908, p. 75. Acanthephyra purpurea Stanley W. Kemp, ‘Fisheries, Ireland, Sci. Invest.”’, 1908, I. [1gto}, p- 56—58 and in: Transact. Linnean Soc. London. 20d Ser., Zoology, Vol. XVI, Pt. 1, 1913, p. 64. Acanthephyra purpurea K. Stephensen, Vidensk. Meddel. fra den Naturh. Foren. Vol. 64, 1912, p. 64 and 320. Acanthephyra purpurea O. Pesta, Zoologischer Anzeiger, Vol. XLII, 1913, p. 70. Acanthephyra purpurea H. Lenz and K. Strunck, Deutsche Sudpolar-Expedition 1901—1903, Vol. XV. Zoologie VII, Berlin 1914, p. 326. Acanthephyra parva H. Coutiére, Bull. Musée Oceanogr. de Monaco, 1905, p. 15, Fig. 5. Acanthephyra purpureus Th. R. R. Stebbing, South African Crustacea, Part VIII, London, 1915 (Annals South African Museum, XV, Part II, 1915), p. 96. SIBOGA-EXPEDITIE XXXIXa3, 8 58 Stat. 141. Aug. 5. 1°0'.45S., 127°25'..3 E. From 1500m. depth to surface. Bottom very fine, hard sand. I young specimen. Stat. 203. Sept. 19. 3° 32’.5 S., 124°15'.5 E. HENSEN vertical net from 1500 m. depth to surface. 4 specimens, parva stage. Stat. 208. Sept. 22. 5°39'S., 122°12' E. South of Muna Island. 1886 m. Bottom solid green mud. 1 male. Stat. 230. Nov. 14. 3°58’S., 128°20'E. South-east of Ambon. From a depth .of 2000 m. to surface. 3 young specimens, 2 of which belong to the parva stage. Stat. 243. Dec. 2. 4°30.2S., 129°25'E. From a depth of 1000 m. to surface. 1 specimen, parva stage. The specimen from Stat. 141 is nearly 32 mm. long. The rostrum, 6 mm. long, is straight, slightly longer than the carapace (5 mm.) and faintly turned upward; it is #-dentate, the three posterior teeth of the upper border are placed behind the posterior tooth of the lower, the two posterior and the two distal teeth of the upper border stand a little closer together than the other teeth, which are placed at equal distances from one another and the anterior tooth of the upper border is one and a half as far distant from the tip as from the penultimate; except the two posterior the teeth of the lower margin are paired with those of the upper. The rostrum projects by the distal 6'* part beyond the antennal scales. The 3'¢ abdominal somite has the same form as in Fig. 5, 1 of Courtire’s quoted paper, the carinate upper border being much more strongly curved than in the adult specimen from Stat. 208; the spines at the posterior extremity of the dorsal margin of the three following tergites are smaller than that of the 3" and the equal spines of the 5'" and 6t tergite are a little larger than that of the 4. The 6' somite, 4,5 mm. long, is almost twice as long as the 5'h (2,36 mm.) and twice as long as wide anteriorly. Telson 4,4 mm. long, almost as long as the 6% somite and projecting by half the length of the long terminal spines beyond the exopodite of the uropods; the lateral margins are armed on the left side with 5, on the right with 4 spines, the anterior or 1° pair of lateral spines are a little farther distant from the 2™4 as the following from one another. The four specimens from Stat. 203 belong to the parva stage and are 13—17 mm. long. In the largest specimen the rostrum projects straight forwards to the far end of 1’t antennular article and is §-dentate (Fig. 12@); the 8 teeth of the upper border are placed on the rostrum proper, the 1% or posterior just in front of the orbital margin, the teeth diminish regularly in size to the 8', which is about twice as far distant from the 1*t as from the extremity of the rostrum; the 3 teeth of the lower margin are much smaller and placed opposite the 3 anterior teeth of the upper. In the second specimen the rostrum is as long as the eyestalks and the unarmed apex is slightly turned upwards; it is $-dentate, the teeth are placed like in the preceding specimen and their form and size are also the same. The rostrum of the third agrees in length and characters with that of the 1‘t, but it is §-dentate and the three teeth of the lower margin alternate with the 4 distal teeth of the upper; in the fourth specimen the rostrum is mutilated. In the three specimens in which the rostrum is preserved, the 3" abdominal somite shows the characteristic shape of the type of Acanth. parva paucidens Cout. (H. Coutiérr, l.c. Fig. 5, 3), so that one at first sight is inclined to regard these specimens as belonging to a SI) different species; in the fourth specimen the 3" tergite is mutilated, like the rostrum. The measurements in millimeters of the 5t* and 6th somites and of the telson are in the three well preserved specimens the following: NOSEnuml eee he eek al . 3 $ Mensth of 5) tersum 92. | 153 | T2a | ed Length of 6thtergum .. . a2 3535 2,95 Width of 6th tergum. . . . 0,96 0,95 0,84 Length of telson 2,55 ZA 2,2 In the first specimen the 6'* somite is 2,46-times as long as the 5‘ and 3,33-times as long as wide anteriorly; in the second these numbers are 2,8 and 3,5, in the third specimen 2,95 and 3,5. In these specimens the telson is a trifle shorter than the exopodite of the uropods, reaching only by the large spines of the tip to its extremity, and in all the lateral margins are armed with 4 pairs of spines besides those at the tip. These specimens therefore belong to the parva paucidens stage, though the number of rostral teeth rises to eight. The male from Stat. 208, measuring 92 mm. from tip of rostrum to tip of telson, is almost full-grown. The rostrum (Fig. 12), 17,5 mm. long, when measured in a straight line from the base of the eyestalk to the apex, proves to be a little longer than the carapace (16 mm.) and is obliquely turned upward, nearly as in the figure of this species in the “Recueil de Figures de Crustacés nouveaux ou peu connus’’, but the upper margin is slightly concave and the upper border of the carapace slightly convex, whereas in the quoted figure the upper border of the carapace is slightly concave. The rostrum that projects by one-sixth of its length beyond the antennal scales, is j-dentate and on both margins the teeth reach to near the tip. The three posterior teeth of the upper margin, of which the 1‘ stands just in front of the orbital margin, are placed behind the 1%t tooth of the lower and the lower margin is not straight, but slightly convex. The first tooth of the upper margin is the smallest of all, the 2"4 and the 3"¢ slightly increase in size, while the following are almost as large as the 3" and paired with the teeth of the lower margin. The spine on the 3" abdominal somite is the largest of all, while those of the three following somites are nearly equal, the spine on the 4‘ being but little smaller than that of the 5; the fine notch on the keel of the 4 somite is situated on the posterior sixth. The 6th somite, 10,5 mm. long, is 1'/,-times as long as the 5t*, that measures 6,75 mm.; the telson, 13,5 mm. long, twice as long as the 5'* somite and one-third longer than the 6', is just as long as the outer uropod; besides a cluster of 6 or 7 irregularly placed spines at the end, there are only two pairs of lateral spines, the anterior of which is placed just behind the middle of the telson, the posterior a little nearer to the anterior pair than to the extremity. The legs of the 3 pair are as long as the external maxillipeds, those of the 4'* and the 5 decrease successively in length. The largest of the three specimens from Stat. 230 is 34 or 35 mm. long and resembles the specimen from Stat. 141. Carapace and rostrum, of which the former is 5'/, mm. long, the latter 6'/, mm., agree with those of the adult male from Stat. 208, the rostrum being longer than the carapace, likewise obliquely turned upwards and reaching just as far beyond 60 the antennal scales; it is #-dentate, but here also the 3 posterior teeth are placed behind the 1st tooth of the lower margin. Different from the adult male the teeth on the lower margin are not paired with those of the upper, but they alternate with them. The 3 abdominal somite (Fig. 12c) has a different form, because the dorsal carina is much more strongly curved; the spine on this somite is the largest of the four and that of the 4 is distinctly smaller than those of the 5'® and 6 which are of equal size. Sixth somite (4,75 mm.) almost twice as long as 5'* (2,5 mm.), telson just as long as 6'* somite and slightly shorter than the outer uropod; 4 or 5 pairs of lateral spines besides those at the tip. The two younger specimens from this Station are 20 mm. long and belong to the parva stage. In one of them the rostrum extends just beyond the far end of 24 antennular article and has the same form as in the specimen from Stat. 203. It is $-dentate; the 8 teeth of the upper margin that all stand on the rostrum itself, regularly decrease in size from the 1%t which is placed just in front of the orbital margin, to the last and the distal tooth is just half as far distant from the tip as from the first; the 5 much smaller teeth on the lower margin are paired with the 5 distal teeth of the upper. The rostrum of the other specimen shows the same characters and is also $-dentate, but the 1*t tooth stands above the orbital margin and the 8th is 3-times as far distant from the 1% as from the tip. Second abdominal tergum slightly carinate, 3 presenting the same form as in the specimens from Stat. 203. The measurements in millimeters of the 5t® and 6 somite and telson are the following: I 2 Wenothmotties sh isomiten isles me 1,84 [gencthmofethe: Oi esomite sacs meena er 3,58 3,06 Width of the 6th somite anteriorly . . T2504 Us3 mengthvofitelsongee ae ee ere 3 leeaes In the first specimen the 6'* somite is 2,4-times as long as the 5‘ and 2,8-times as long as wide, in the other these numbers are 2 and 2,8: the telson is armed on each side with 4 spinules in both specimens, besides those at the tip. The 6'* somite has a somewhat stouter form than in the specimens from Stat. 203 and the second forms a transition to the favva multidens stage, the 6” somite being only twice as long as the 5". The specimen from Stat. 243, finally, measures 22 or 23 mm. and belongs also to the parva paucidens stage. The rostrum, which is as long as the antennular peduncle, is {-dentate; the 1St tooth of the upper border stands just in front of the orbital margin and its distance from the 7'® is somewhat more than twice as long as the distance between the 7 and the tip; the 4 much smaller teeth of the lower border are situated on the middle of the rostrum and alternate with the 4 distal teeth of the upper. Second abdominal somite carinate, the 3" presenting the same form as in the specimens from Stat. 203. Fifth somite 1,7 mm. long, 6 3,95 mm. long, 2,32-times as long as 5‘*, and 2,86-times as long as wide anteriorly, being here 1,38 mm. broad. The lateral margins of the telson which is 3,6 mm. long and which by the terminal spines of the tip reaches as far backward as the outer uropod, are armed with 4 spinules before the tip. General distribution: Acanthephyra purpurea seems to have an almost cosmo- 61 politan distribution. It has been captured most often in the north Atlantic, both on the east and west side, as far northward as Davis Strait and Iceland, the variety acanthitelsonis, with which Couttérr’s variety mz/tispina is identical, has been observed, both by the Challenger and the German Southpolar-Expedition, in the tropical Atlantic, while the typical species was taken by the same expeditions at various localities of the south Atlantic. This species has also been observed in the Mediterranean, recently also in the Adriatic and has been recorded from Cape Point Lighthouse, South Africa, under the name of Acanth. éatet. It was taken by the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition N. of Chagos Archipelago and S. by E. of Farquhar, but it does probably not occur in the more northern parts of the Indian Ocean, being here replaced by the closely allied Acanth. sanguinea W.-Mas.; specimens of this species, finally, have been captured by the “Challenger” off Banda Island in the Indian Archipelago and off the coasts of Australia, New Zealand, the Kermadec Islands and Japan, while two specimens were taken by the “Albatross” in the Gulf of Panama: a world-wide distribution indeed. 3. Acanthephyra armata A. M.-Edw. Pl. VI, Fig. 13, 132. a) Acanthephyra armata A. Milne-Edwards, in: Annales Sciences Nat., Zool., (6) XI, 1881, Art. N° 4, p. 12, and in: Recueil de Figures de Crustacés nouveaux ou peu connus, 1883, PI. 28, fig. I. Acanthephyra armata C. Spence Bate, Challenger Crust. Macrura, 1888, p. 744, Pl. CXXV, fig. 2. Acanthephyra armata WW. Faxon, in: Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Vol. XXX, 1896, p. 162. Stat. 87. June 19. 0°32’S., 119°39..8 E. Strait of Makassar. 655 m. Bottom fine, grey mud. I ova-bearing female. Stat. 161. Aug. 17. 1° 10.'5 S., 130°9' E. West of Salawatti. 798 m. Bottom muddy sand. 1 male. Stat. 173. Aug. 28. 3°27’.0S., 131°0.5 E. East of Ceram. 567 m. Bottom fine, yellow grey mud. 2 males of medium size. Stat. 262. Dec. 18. 5°53'.85S., 132°48'.8 E. Kei-islands. 560 m. Bottom solid bluish grey mud, upper layer more liquid and brown mud. 2 ova-bearing females. Stat. 314. Febr. 17, 1900. 7°36'S., 117°30'°.8E. Bali Sea. 694 m. Bottom fine, sandy mud. 3 males of medium size. No less than nine fine and well-preserved specimens of this apparently rare species were collected, both in the western and the eastern part of the Archipelago, among which are three adult ova-bearing females: they belong all to the typical species, described by A. MILNer- Epwarps, not to the variety fimérzata W.-Mas., that occurs in the Arabian Sea and the Bay the carapace, measured between the of Bengal. The male from Stat. 161 is 165 mm. long, orbital and posterior margins, 38 mm., the rostrum, measured in a straight line from the orbital margin to the apex, 33 mm., the abdomen 94 mm.; the ova-bearing females are 170—178 mm. long, the carapace of the largest female, one from Stat. 262, measuring 38 mm., the rostrum 34,5 mm., the abdomen 105 mm. In these four adult specimens the rostrum is distinctly shorter than the carapace, in the larger male, long 147 mm., from Stat. 173 also still a little shorter, in the other male, long 135 mm., from the same Station the rostrum appears as long as the carapace and in the three males from Stat. 314, that are about of the same size as those from Stat. 173, it appears in one just as long as the carapace, in the two other ones, however, distinctly longer than it. In the adult male from Stat. 161 the teeth at the extreme proximal 62 end of the rostrum are only four in number, in the other specimens five, like in the type species from the West-Indies, excepting one ova-bearing female from Stat. 262 and one male from Stat. 314, in which six teeth are observed; these teeth are rather small and as a general rule they gradually and regularly increase in size from the first to the last, sometimes, however, like in an adult female from Stat. 262, two or three in the middle are equal and in the adult male the 4 tooth is even a little longer than the three preceding that gradually increase in size, taken together, but here the 5t* or the 5t* and the 6t are apparently not developed. The shape of the rostrum, the form and the size of the spine on the lower margin and its position with regard to the distal extremity of the antennal scale are typical, as figured in the “Recueil”, excepting only that part of the rostrum which is situated in front of that spine. In Fig. 1 of the “Recueil” the lower border between the spine and the apex of the rostrum appears namely slightly convex, in all our specimens, however, quite straight, except the male, long 135 mm., from Stat. 314, in which the rostrum is distinctly longer than the carapace: in this specimen in front of the spine the lower margin appears very slightly concave, the upper margin slightly convex, almost as much as in Bares figure 2, Plate CXXV of the Report on the Challenger Macrura, the rostrum appears, however, somewhat longer than in that figure and the spine on the lower margin much smaller. Bare’s figure of Acanth. armata is, however, probably inaccurate, also as regards the spines of the abdominal terga, for the dactyli of the 5‘. pair of legs are figured just as long as those of the 3'¢ and 4' pair. The rostral carina passes about on the middle of the gastric region gradually into a low rounded ‘ridge that may be continued to near the posterior margin of the carapace. At about one-third the length of the carapace from its posterior border one observes, on either side of the median ridge, a fine, shallow furrow, a trace of the cervical groove; this groove reaches downward only to midway between the dorsal ridge and the longitudinal ridge that delimits the branchial region above; in the adult female from Stat. 87 it extends upwards to the dorsal ridge, curving slightly backward, but usually it does not reach the median ridge. In the old female from Stat. 87 the dorsal surface between the cervical groove and the posterior margin appears somewhat transversely rugose, presenting several irregular transverse furrows or grooves, traces of which occur also in other specimens, while in the rest the dorsal surface appears quite smooth. Orbital angle blunt, post-antennular spine small, post-antennal spine twice as large, not buttressed by a long sharp carina reaching backward to the end of the hepatic groove, as occurs in Woop-Mason’s variety fimériata. The spine of the 3" tergum is the largest of the four, that of the 4‘ is somewhat shorter, measuring three-fifths that of the 3'¢, the spine of the 5‘ is the smallest of all, only one-third that of the 5, while the spine of the 6‘ tergum appears as long as that of the 4": they are very well figured in the “Recueil”. These spines, however, are described and figured by Spence Bate as subequal and in his figure those of the 4», 5‘ and 6' somite appear larger than in our specimens: they are, no doubt, figured inaccurately, for the author has had the opportunity of examining the type specimen(s) of Mttne-Epwarps himself. Sixth somite one- third longer than fifth. Telson (Fig. 13, 13.@) one and a half as long as the 6" somite, terminating in an acute spine; on either side of the latter three other spines are observed, of which the 63 middle is the longest and as long as the median spine; these three pairs of spines are movable or perhaps the anterior one not. Along the posterior half of the telson 3 or 4 minute movable spinules are inserted on each side laterally. In the adult male from Stat. 161 and in the adult female from Stat. 87 the exopodite of the caudal swimmeret does not yet reach the acute extremity of the telson, being 1 or 1,5 mm. shorter, but in the other specimens telson and outer uropod are equally long. Though the tergum of the 1t abdominal somite is not carinate in this species, I may, however, remark that in adult specimens, like in that from Stat. 87, a feeble trace of a median carina is sometimes observed on the posterior half of the tergum, that does not reach the posterior margin. The pleuron ‘of the 1‘t somite bears a fine furrow that runs, almost in the middle, parallel with the anterior margin to near the lower; on the pleuron of the 24 somite two similar furrows occur, of which the posterior runs parallel with the posterior margin, while the anterior is more or less angular, both with the concavity turned forward; on the pleura of the three following somites a fine furrow, defined by a ridge, runs, near the anterior margin, from the lower border obliquely upward and forward to the anterior, the 6'" somite, finally, is smooth. These furrows are pretty well visible in Fig. 1 of Plate III of the “Illustrations of the Zoology of the Investigator’, in which a male of the variety fimérzata is figured. The eye is dark purple and a little wider than the rest of the stalk; the black ocellus is situated on the upper side of the latter, one and a half times as far distant from the inner than from the outer margin and only partially free from the cornea, about as in Acanth. Batet Faxon (Challenger Crust. Macrura, Pl. CXXVI, Fig. 6a). There is a low obtuse ‘tubercle on the inner side of the eyestalk contiguous to the cornea, while the outer margin of the eyestalk is slightly concave. The external maxillipeds that extend almost as far forward as the lower spine of the rostrum, project in the male almost by the whole terminal joint, in the female by three-fourths of it beyond the antennal peduncle. The 1*t pair of legs reach in the adult male by half the length of the chelae, in the adult female only by the fingers beyond the antennal peduncle; the fingers are nearly half as long as the palm. The carpus of these legs is distinctly notched supero-internally near the distal extremity, so that a small, acute tooth, which is turned inward, is formed on the distal border; in the quoted figure of the ‘Illustrations’ notch and tooth are distinctly visible, but in Bate’s figure 2 of this species they are not indicated at all. The legs of the 2™¢ pair, of which the chelae are somewhat slenderer but the fingers also half as long as the palm, are. but little longer, projecting only by the fingers beyond the legs of the 1* pair. The legs of the 3'¢ pair are the longest of all and reach by the dactyli beyond the external maxillipeds, those of the 4" are nearly as long as the 2°‘, while the legs of the last pair are hardly shorter than those of the ist. The meri of the three posterior legs are armed with small movable spinules on their lower margin, 12 to 14 on those of the 3" and 4" pair, 4 or 5 on those of the last pair. The pleopods are of the ordinary form, in the male there are two stylets at the base of the endopod of the 2" pair, in the female one; in two specimens of medium size, in which 64 the coxae of the 5‘ pair show the usual structure as in the male, there is, however, only one stylet on the endopod of the 2™4 pair, and it is the longer and more slender appendix which in these specimens is wanting. A similar observation was made by CovTtére in a young specimen of Systellaspis debilis (A. M.-Edw.) [H. Couttére, in: Bull. Mus. Océanogr. Monaco N° 70, 1906, p. 9]. Eggs ovoid, very numerous, very small, 0,8 mm. long. The variety fimériata, described by Woop-Mason and Atcocx in: Annals Mag. Nat. Hist., 6th Series, Vol. 9, May 1892, p. 359 and in: Journal Asiatic Soc. Bengal, Vol. LXIII, Part II, N° 3, 1894, p. 156, but which in Atcocx’s Catalogue of the Indian Deep-Sea Crustacea 1901 was erroneously referred to the typical species, differs from the latter at first sight by the post-antennal spine being continued backwards, to the end of the hepatic groove, as a sharp carina, by the form of the rostrum, the spine on the lower margin being much more nearly opposite to the middle than to the apex of the antennal scale, by the four spines of the abdominal terga being equal and by the great development of the fringes of the legs. General distribution: Off St. Lucia, West Indies (A. Mitne-Epwarps); off Frederik- staed, Santa Cruz and off Nevis, West Indies (Faxon); off Banda Island (Bate). The variety jimbriata has been found in the Arabian Sea, off the S. W. coast of India, in the Bay of Bengal and in the Andaman Sea. 4. Acanthephyra media Bate, var. obdligutrostris de Man. Pl. VI, Fig. 14—14¢. Acanthephyra media Sp. Bate, var. obliguirostris J. G. de Man, in: Zoolog. Mededeelingen, uitgegeven vanwege ’s Rijks Museum van Natuurlijke Historie te Leiden, Deel II, 1916, p. 150. Acanthephyra media C. Spence Bate, Challenger Crustacea Macrura, 1888, p. 736, Pl. CXXIV, fig. 5. Acanthephyra media Stanley W. Kemp, in: Fisheries, Ireland, Sci. Invest., 1905, I., [1906], p. 20. Stat. 148. August 20. 0°17'.6S., 129°14'.5 E. Halmaheira Sea. 1855 m. Bottom fine, grey and green mud. 1 male. Acanthephyra media Bate has been established on two specimens taken off Tablas Island, one of the Philippine Islands, and has not been observed again since 1888. The specimen, captured by the Siboga expedition, differs by the smaller number of teeth on the upper border of the rostrum and by the rostrum being directed obliquely upward, so that it perhaps may be considered as a distinct variety. The male from Stat. 148 is 95 mm. long, the rostrum, measured from the orbital margin to its apex, being 15,5 mm. long, the carapace 17,5 mm. and the abdomen 62 mm., just 4-times as long as the rostrum. The carapace does not seem to differ from the type species, though it can hardly be described as “dorsally flat and smooth to the frontal region’’: like in the type it is anteriorly compressed. The rostral carina, obtuse as far as the 1*t tooth of the rostrum, whence it becomes sharp, commences rather indistinctly at the level of the cervical groove which is shallow and fine and situated at the posterior third of the carapace; from the middle of the cephalothorax it runs at first slightly upwards, but, at the level of the 65 tooth of the lower border, it ascends more strongly obliquely upward, reaching almost to the extremity of the antennal scales, while in the type species the rostrum extends distinctly beyond them. At the base of the rostrum are six subequal, contiguous teeth on the sharp frontal crest, of which the 4* is situated above the orbital margin, while the 6 proves to stand above the corneae of the eyestalks, when stretched forward; in front of these teeth still four other-similar teeth occur at larger, though equal distances from one another, of which the 1 reaches just beyond the spine of the lower margin, while the anterior tooth is twice as far distant from the acute tip of the rostrum as from the apex of the penultimate tooth. The large single tooth or spine of the lower border is straight and acute, implanted at the posterior fifth of the margin, directed obliquely downward and forward and reaches just beyond 1° antennular article. Outer orbital angle hardly defined, post-antennular spine small, post-antennal spine very salient, and, like in the type species, continued backwards, to the end of the hepatic groove, as a sharp carina. The abdomen resembles that of the typical species. Tergum of 1’t somite rounded, with no trace at all of carination, 2"? to 6'* somite sharply carinated, the 3'4 to the 6‘ posteriorly produced to a tooth; the tooth of the 3™ somite is the largest, that of the 4" is a little smaller, while those of the 5'" and of the 6'* are the smallest of all and subequal. Like in other species there is a fine notch at the posterior fourth of the 4‘ tergum. Sixth somite about 1'/,-times as long as 5‘. Telson one-third longer than 6'* somite and projecting by the terminal spines beyond the outer uropods, when stretched straight backward; its upper surface is faintly grooved, except just behind the middle where it is flattened. One observes at the end of the telson 3 movable spinules at either side of the terminal spine, while the sides of the posterior half are armed with 6 or 7 small, movable spinules. Looked at from above the corneae appear just as broad as the rest of the eyestalk, in a lateral view they appear much thicker than it; they are chestnut-coloured, somewhat darker on the outer side, but there is no trace of an ocellus. The rather depressed eyestalks bear a prominent and acute, ocular papilla at the distal end of the inner border and this papilla is contiguous to the cornea and directed forward; the outer border of the eyestalk appears somewhat concave just behind the cornea, while the posterior half is obtusely carinate. Antennulae a little more than half as long as the body, their peduncle reaching to the middle of the antennal scales; stylocerite with acute tip, almost as long as 1* article. External antennae almost twice as long as the body. Lower side of 24 joint of antennal peduncle obtusely carinated longitudinally in the middle and produced to a fine, slender? acuminate spinule that is turned downward and a little outward; flagellum 165 mm. long, twice as long as the body without the rostrum; scaphocerite measuring four-fifths-of the carapace, the rostrum excluded. External maxillipeds reaching two-thirds of the way along the antennal scale. The legs of the 1%t pair project by the fingers, those of the 2" by the fingers and half the palm beyond the antennal peduncle; the legs of the 3" pair, the longest of all, are but little shorter than SIBOGA-EXPEDITIE XXXIX a3, 9 66 the antennal scales, those of the 4'* are as long as the external maxillipeds, the 5" pair, finally, are nearly as long as the legs of the 24.pair. All the peraeopods show the same form and characters as in other species of this genus, so e. g. the carpus of the legs of the 1* pair, which at the distal end of the upper inner surface appears emarginate, with an acute tooth at the distal margin, and of the legs of the 3"4 and 4' pair the ischium and the merus are armed with long, movable spinules on their lower margin, like also on the merus of the 5** pair. There are two stylets at the base of the endopod of the 2"4 pleopods. General distribution: The typical species has been taken off Tablas Island, one of the Philippine Islands. 5. Acanthephyra curtirostris W.-Mas. Pl. VI, Fig. 15—154. Acanthephyra curtirostris J. WWood-Mason, Annals Mag. Nat. Hist. Febr. 1891, p. 195 and May 1892, p. 364, 365, Fig. 5. Acanthephyra curtirostris \W. Faxon, Memoirs Mus. Comp. Zool. XVIII, 1895, p. 164, Pl. XLIII, Fig. 2—5. Acanthephyra curtirostris A. Alcock, Descr. Catal. Indian Deep-Sea Crust., 1901, p. 81. Acanthephyra curtirostris Stanley W. Kemp, “Fisheries, Ireland, Sci. Invest., 1905, I., [1906], Pwese onan Acanthephyra acutifrons C. Spence Bate, Challenger Crustacea Macrura, 1888, p.749 (partim, teste STANLEY W. Kemp, lI. c.). Illustrations of the Zoology of the Investigator, Crustacea, Pl. III, Fig. 4. Stat. 48. April 13. 8°4'.7S., 118°44'.3 E. Flores Sea. 2000 m. Bottom fine, grey mud, partially green. I young specimen. Stat. 141. August 5. 1°0'.4S., 127°25'.3E. 1950 m. Bottom very fine, hard sand. 1 yery young specimen. Stat. 185. Sept. 12. 3°20'S., 127°22'.9 E. Manipa-strait. From 1536 m. to surface. 1 adult male and 2 young specimens. Stat. 2102. Sept. 24. 5°26’S., 121°18’ E. Entrance of Gulf of Boni. 1944 m. Bottom grey mud, upper layer more liquid and brown; pumice stone. 1 adult male. Stat. 217. Octob. 31. 6°40'.6S., 123°14'.7 E. 2477 m. Bottom solid grey and green mud, superficial layer more liquid and brown. 1 adult, ova-bearing female. The rostrum of the young specimen from Stat. 141, which is 25 or 26 mm. long, reaches almost to the far end of 1St antennular article and is armed above with 7 teeth. Of the adult male from Stat. 185 unfortunately the distal half of the rostrum is broken off just above the spine on the lower margin. Measured along the upper border the 6‘ somite proves to be 11,5 mm. long, the 5 7,3 mm. and the telson 16 mm.; the telson, distinctly longer than the outer uropod, is armed on each side with 9 or 10 spinules along the two posterior thirds. The two young specimens are 30 mm. long. In both the upper margin of the rostrum bears 7 teeth; in one the rostrum reaches almost to the 34 antennular article and a line uniting the apices of the rostral teeth curves regularly downward, while the unarmed extremity projects horizontally forward; the rostrum of the other reaches only the distal end of the eyestalks, but its form is the same. In both individuals, like also in the young specimens from the Stations 48 and 141, the slender tooth on the lower margin is placed higher, nearer to the tip, than in the adult specimens. 67 The rostrum of the male from Stat. 210%, which has the same size as the preceding, is just as long as the antennular peduncle, ?-dentate and extends horizontally forward: it fully resembles the quoted figure in the “TIIlustrations’’, but a line uniting the apices of the 5 proximal teeth ascends very slightly upward, of the 4 following it descends slightly downward. Fifth abdominal somite 7,5 mm. long, 6t8 10,5 mm., telson 15 mm., the telson like in the male from Stat. 185. The ova-bearing female from Stat. 217 is about 86 mm. long, from tip of rostrum to end of telson. The rostrum is a little longer than the antennular peduncle, reaching to the middle of the antennal scales; the upper border, which is straight and armed with 10 teeth, rises somewhat, obliquely, upward, though the apex runs again horizontally forward; the unarmed distal extremity measures almost one-third the length of the toothed part of the upper border. The lower margin runs like a S, appearing concave above the single tooth, which is directed horizontally forward. Fifth abdominal somite 7,75 mm. long, 68 11,75 mm., telson 15,5 mm.; the latter like in the two preceding specimens. Ova very numerous, small, 0,7—o,8 mm. long. The young specimen from Stat. 48 is 36,5 mm. long, the carapace, rostrum included, measuring 8,5 mm. The rostrum, 7-dentate, reaches to just beyond 1‘ antennular article; a line uniting the apices of the 3 first teeth, ascends slightly upward, but from here the lower margin descends slightly downward, while the unarmed tip runs horizontally forward. The tooth on the lower margin, that reaches almost as far as the foremost tooth of the upper, extends horizontally forward. Fifth abdominal somite 2,75 mm. long, 6' 5,5 mm., so that the latter appears in this young specimen just twice as long as the 5", while in adult specimens it is only about half again as long; the telson, 6,25 mm. long, though longer than the endopodite of the uropods, is slightly shorter than the exopodite. In Acanth. curtirostris the brown coloured cornea appears, when looked at from above, a little less broad than the eyestalk and there is no ocellus; the apex of the ocular papilla or spine at the inner border of the eyestalk appears in the egg-bearing female subacute, in the other specimens rather blunt; in the adult specimens the inner margin of the papilla forms a straight line with that of the eyestalk, the papilla being contiguous to the cornea or embracing it, but in the young individual from Stat. 48 the obtuse papilla is turned obliquely inward, so that its inner margin makes an angle with that of the peduncle; this is also the case in the young specimen from Stat. 141, long 25 or 26 mm., but in the two young specimens from Stat. 185 the papilla runs nearly as in the adult. Like in other species of this genus the keel of the 4'* tergum bears a fine notch, which in this species is situated in its posterior fifth. According to Atcock (I. c. 1901) the legs of the 3" pair should be not longer than the 4% and 5' pairs; in all our specimens, however, the 3" pair are the longest of all, while those of the 4t* and 5'* successively decrease in length. In the adult egg-bearing female the legs of the 3" pair extend to the apex of the antennal scales, those of the 5' only to the middle of these appendages; in the male specimens the three posterior legs are a little shorter. General distribution: Arabian Sea (Atcock); Bay of Bengal (Atcock); Andaman Sea (Atcocxk); from off San Diego, California, to the Gulf of Panama (Faxon, Ratupvun). 68 6. Acanthephyra sp. Pl. VI, Fig. 16. Stat. 230. Nov. 14. 3°58'S., 128°20' E. South-east of Ambon. From a depth of 2000 m. to surface. 2 specimens. Stat 243. Dec. 2. 4°30..2S., 129°25’E. From a depth of 1000 m. to surface. 1 specimen. I not succeed in determining with certainty these specimens, that probably are the young stage of a known species. They belong to that section of the genus in which the rostrum is unarmed below, in which the dorsal tooth of the 3' abdominal tergum does not reach to the middle of the 4'* and in which the rostrum is deep at base, so that they bear a close resemblance to Acanth. tenuipes (Bate), one specimen of which was trawled by the Challenger Expedition off the East coast of Cape York Peninsula. The two specimens from Stat. 230 are of the same size, about 18 mm. long. In one of them the rostrum reaches the far end of 1*t antennular article and is armed above with 7 teeth; these teeth are rather large, contiguous, the 3'¢ is placed above the orbital margin; a line uniting their apices appears slightly arched and a little more than twice as long as the distance between the foremost tooth and the tip. The rostrum of the other specimen has the same form and length, but there are only 5 teeth on the upper margin, one of which stands on the carapace. The rostral carina arises at the anterior third of the carapace. Antennal spine small, buttressed by a short carina, that does not reach the hepatic groove. First abdominal tergum smooth, 2°¢ to 6% carinate; carina of 3" tergum somewhat more curved than in BaTe’s figure 2 of Plate CXXXVI, the posterior spine as long as in that figure. The dorsal carina of the 48 tergum bears a small incision just in front of the posterior spine, which is much smaller than that of the 3" tergum, but as large as that of the 5, while the posterior spine of the 6» is the smallest of all. Measurements in millimeters: | I 2 Rostrum . : i a Length of 5th cream Swen onto ae ee 1,24 I,2 Length of 6th tergum : Spe eee 3,1 Bye Width of 6th tergum Aeerienan. CPA Es | 0,96 Weugth -of telsoni.-<- s4.-5, 4) ose 28) secesnl aeg hee eens Telson a little shorter than the outer uropod, but projecting by the large terminal spines beyond it; the lateral margins are armed in the first specimen with 8 or 9 spinules, besides those at the tip, in the other they could not be numbered with certainty. The specimen from Stat. 243 measures 19 or 20 mm. The rostrum has the same form as in the two preceding, but bears 6 teeth, the 3"! of which stands above the orbital margin; the 6‘ or distal tooth is half as far distant from the tip of the rostrum as from the 1°‘. In this specimen the anterior half of the carapace is sharply carinate dorsally, while in the two preceding specimens the rostral carina arises at the anterior third; the carina of the antennal spine is also longer and reaches to the hepatic groove. The abdomen agrees with that of the specimens from Stat. 230. Second tergum carinate, like the following. Fifth tergum 1,2 mm. long, 6* 3,4 mm. long and 1,2 mm. wide anteriorly; telson 2,9 mm. long, com- 69 paratively shorter than in the preceding specimens, much shorter than the outer uropod, even a little shorter than the inner, but projecting beyond the latter by the large spines at the tip; lateral margins of the telson only with 3 spinules besides those at the tip. According to Bare’s description of Acanth. tenuipes (Report Challenger Macrura, 1888, p. 836) the rostrum should be armed “with four or five distantly placed minute denticles”, but on the figure 2 of Plate CXXXVI nine denticles are visible. The 2°4 abdominal tergum should, after the same author, be smooth, while in our specimens it is distinctly carinate. I therefore hesitate to refer them to Bare’s species and I may, finally, allude to the fact that the two specimens from Stat. 230 show some slight differences from that which was collected at Stat. 243, as has been described in the preceding lines. 7. Acanthephyra (Meningodora) Sibogae de Man. PI. VII, Fig. 17—177. Acanthephyra (Meningodora) Sibogae J. G. de Man, Zoologische Mededeelingen, uitgegeven vanwege ’s Rijks Museum van Natuurlijke Historie te Leiden. Deel II, Aff. 3 en 4, 1916, p. 149. Stat. 2102. September 24. 5°26'S., 121°18'E. Entrance of Gulf of Boni. 1944 m. Bottom grey mud, upper layer more liquid and brown; pumice stone. 2 specimens, probably female. A new remarkable species related to Acanth. brevirostris Smith = Hymenodora duplex Bate, to